Animal anesthesia nose cone and surgery board

Abstract

Provided herein are devices and methods for providing anesthesia to a laboratory' animal using masks advantageously configured to secure the mask to the animal with reduced amounts or likelihood of slipping from the animal's nose during an experimental procedure while the animal is under anesthesia.

Description

ANIMAL ANESTHESIA NOSE CONE AND SURGERY BOARD FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] This invention relates to devices and methods for handling and manipulating animals humanely and safely, with regard to the animals and their human handlers. The invention relates to laboratory animals, particularly rodents. The invention specifically provides devices and methods related to providing anesthesia to a rodent using masks advantageously configured to secure the mask to the animal with reduced likelihood of slipping from the animal’s nose during an experimental procedure while the animal is under anesthesia. BACKGROUND

[0002] Unless otherwise indicated herein, the description in this section is not prior art to the claims in this application and is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0003] Laboratory animals are frequently subjected to experiments, especially surgical procedures that require the animal to be anesthetized. See Petetta & Ciccocioppo, 2021 Public perception of laboratory animal testing: Historical, philosophical, and ethical view. Addict Biol.. Effective application and maintenance of anesthesia that keeps the animal tranquil, essentially motionless, and unconscious during such procedures entails affixing a device, typically a mask to the animal’s nose that permits effective amounts of an anesthesia provided as a gas to be administered while accommodating the animal’s breathing.

[0004] A variety of anesthesia masks are available, each having certain art-recognized limitations with regard to maintaining the mask securely affixed to the animal’s nose during experimental and particularly surgical procedures. There is a continuing need in this art for improvements in the features and capabilities of masks used for these purposes that inter alia effectively provide anesthesia to the animals whilst maintaining optimal positioning of the mask to the animal’s nose during experimental and particularly surgical procedures. SUMMARY

[0005] This disclosure provides devices and methods that are improvements in the features and capabilities of anesthesia masks to effectively provide anesthesia to laboratory animals. Anesthesia masks disclosed herein maintain an effective position on the animal’snose during surgical and other experimental procedures.

[0006] In a first embodiment provided herein is an animal anesthesia mask including a housing enclosing a cavity, wherein the cavity is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal, particularly a laboratory animal. The animal anesthesia mask further includes a number of anesthesia venting holes disposed in the housing, and a number of anesthesia suction holes disposed in the housing. The number of anesthesia venting holes are configured to vent anesthesia administered through the cavity, and the number of anesthesia suction holes are configured to remove the vented anesthesia. The animal anesthesia mask further includes a ring opening into the cavity of the housing. An inner edge of the ring opening inside the cavity is configured to hold an animal’s upper incisors, and the number of anesthesia venting holes are disposed along an outer edge of the ring opening opposite to the inner edge of the ring opening. The housing also includes a base.

[0007] In another aspect, provided herein are animal anesthesia masks that include a housing enclosing a cavity and a base coupled to the housing. The cavity is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal, particularly a laboratory animal. The animal anesthesia mask further includes an anesthesia input port disposed in the housing, and an anesthesia withdrawal port disposed in the housing. The anesthesia input port is configured to supply anesthesia to the cavity, and the anesthesia withdrawal port is configured to remove anesthesia from the cavity. The animal anesthesia mask further includes a ring opening into the cavity of the housing. An inner edge of the ring opening inside the cavity is configured to hold an animal’s upper incisors.

[0008] In another aspect, provided herein are methods for positioning an animal, in particular a laboratory animal and specifically a rodent in an anesthesia mask as provided herein. The method includes the steps of, with the animal in a first position, inserting at least a portion of an upper jaw of the animal’s head at a first angle through a ring opening of a housing into a cavity, and tilting the rodent’s head to a second angle within the ring opening of the housing, and resting the rodent’s upper incisors on an inner edge of the ring opening of the housing, wherein the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing is inside of the cavity.

[0009] These as well as other aspects, advantages, and alternatives will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the following detailed description, with reference, where appropriate, to the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is an illustration of an animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0011] Figure 2A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a magnetic attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0012] Figure 2B is an illustration of a bottom view of a magnetic attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0013] Figure 3A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a screw-on attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0014] Figure 3B is an illustration of a bottom view of a screw-on attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0015] Figure 4A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view through the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0016] Figure 4B is an illustration of the back of the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0017] Figure 4C is an illustration of the left side of the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0018] Figure 5 is an illustration of the front of an animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0019] Figure 6 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a cavity in the animal anesthesia mask, according to example embodiments.

[0020] Figure 7 is an illustration of an animal anesthesia mask, according to a second example embodiment.

[0021] Figure 8A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a magnetic attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the second example embodiment.

[0022] Figure 8B is an illustration of a bottom view of a magnetic attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the second example embodiment.

[0023] Figure 9A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a screw-on attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the second example embodiment.

[0024] Figure 9B is an illustration of a bottom view of a screw-on attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the second example embodiment.

[0025] Figure 10 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view through the animalanesthesia mask, according to the second example embodiment.

[0026] Figure 11 is an illustration of an animal anesthesia mask, according to the second example embodiment.

[0027] Figure 12 is an illustration of an animal anesthesia mask, according to a third example embodiment.

[0028] Figure 13A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a magnetic attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0029] Figure 13B is an illustration of a bottom view of a magnetic attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0030] Figure 14A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a screw-on attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0031] Figure 14B is an illustration of a bottom view of a screw-on attachment point in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0032] Figure 15 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view through the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0033] Figure 16 is an illustration of a view of the supply channels and the withdrawal channels in the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0034] Figure 17 is an illustration of the back of the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0035] Figure 18A is an illustration of the right side of the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0036] Figure 18B is an illustration of the left side of the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0037] Figure 19 is an illustration of the front of the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0038] Figure 20 is an illustration of the top of the animal anesthesia mask, according to the third example embodiment.

[0039] Figure 21 is a flow chart of an example method, according to an example embodiment.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Example apparatus and methods of use thereof are contemplated, and embodiments thereof disclosed herein. Any example embodiment or feature described herein is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or features. Further, the example embodiments described herein are not meant to be limiting. It will be readily understood that certain aspects of the disclosed apparatus and methods can be arranged and combined in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated herein. In addition, the particular arrangements shown in the figures should not be viewed as limiting. It should be understood that other embodiments can include more or fewer of each element shown in a given figure. Additionally, some of the illustrated elements can be combined or omitted. Yet further, an example embodiment can include elements that are not illustrated in the figures.

[0041] In laboratory settings, anesthesia masks can be used on laboratory animals to render them unconscious during experimental surgeries and other procedures. Anesthesia masks are specialized devices used to deliver anesthetic gases to laboratory animals. The laboratory animals typically include rodents such as mice and rats, but other types of animals can also be used. These masks are designed to ensure a safe and controlled administration of anesthesia during procedures or experiments.

[0042] Anesthesia masks are typically made of materials such as polycarbonate or acrylic. They are shaped to fit snugly over the animal's face, covering the nose and mouth while allowing for a good seal to prevent gas leakage. Anesthesia masks are connected to an anesthetic machine or system that provides a controlled flow of anesthetic gases. The most common gases used for animal anesthesia include isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane. These gases are administered in a precisely regulated mixture with oxygen. The anesthetic gas mixture is delivered through an inlet port on the mask.

[0043] Typical masks can be secured over an animal’s face using adjustable straps or connectors to ensure a proper fit. Alternatively, some masks are a shroud that cover the entire head of the animal. The design of the mask allows the animal to breathe in the anesthetic gases effectively. The mask is fitted to the animal to achieve a tight seal between the mask and the animal's face to prevent gas leaks. The masks usually have a soft, pliable rim or cushion that conforms to the shape of the animal's face to prevent gas from escaping. This seal ensures that the anesthetic gases are directed into the animal’s respiratory system.

[0044] Generally, anesthesia gas is administered to the animal via input ports. In a passive scavenging system, the input port is at the top of the mask. When the gas enters the mask, it flows down past the animal’s head so that the animal can inhale it. The gas exits the mask via a withdrawal port. The passive scavenging systems utilize gravity, while an active scavenging system utilizes vacuums. In an active scavenging system, the gas enters the mask via input ports. In the mask, the animal inhales the gas. Excess gas is vented out of the mask through venting holes. The gas that is vented is actively vacuumed out of the mask to the atmosphere through suction holes. The suction holes may be connected to a withdrawal port.

[0045] During surgery, it is important to monitor the animal’s vital signs, such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation. Adjustments to gas flow, concentration, or animal position can be made to maintain the desired level of anesthesia and ensure the well- being of the animal. However, some adjustments to the animal’s position can disrupt the supply of anesthesia to the animal. For example, if the operator moves a portion of the animal’s body, the seal between the animal and the mask can become disrupted. The animal can then begin to wake up without the operator noticing. In certain anesthesia masks, the animal must be removed from the mask in order to change the animal’s position, thus disrupting the supply to anesthesia to the animal.

[0046] Furthermore, many typical anesthesia masks are made from multiple components and the masks must be deconstructed in order for an operator to clean them. Deconstructing the masks increases the likelihood that a component of the mask will be misplaced or become misshapen so as not to perform optimally. Additionally, many typical anesthesia masks cannot be autoclaved in order to sterilize them.

[0047] This disclosure provides masks for which these and possibly other issues are addressed. In particular the disclosure provides an animal anesthesia mask having features beneficial for overcoming the limitations recognized in prior art masks. Anesthesia masks as provided herein include a housing enclosing a cavity, wherein the cavity is configured to accept the upper jaw of an animal. Anesthesia is administered to the animal via the cavity. The anesthesia mask also includes a ring opening into the cavity of the housing. An inner edge of the ring opening inside of the cavity is configured to hold the animal’s upper incisors.

[0048] This arrangement has multiple benefits including securing the animal within the anesthesia mask while still permitting the animal to be capable of being moved. Once the animal’s upper incisors are positioned on the inner edge of the ring opening, even if theanimal’s body is moved the animal will not become dislodged from the anesthesia mask. For example, when changing the animal’s position, the animal’s incisors can be rotated around the inner edge of the ring opening. The seal between the animal and the anesthesia mask thus remains unbroken and secure while the animal is repositioned.

[0049]

[0050] This disclosure also provides methods directed toward repositioning an animal in an anesthesia mask. With the animal in a first position, the method includes inserting at least a portion of an upper jaw of the animal’s head at a first angle through a ring opening of a housing into a cavity, tilting the animal’s head to a second angle within the ring opening of the housing, and resting the animal’s upper incisors in an inner edge of the ring opening of the housing. The inner edge of the ring opening of the housing is inside of the cavity. A. Example Embodiments

[0051] Figure 1 is an illustration of an animal anesthesia mask 100. Generally, the animal anesthesia mask 100 can be used to administer anesthesia in the form of gas to an animal. The anesthesia administered using masks as provided herein can include isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, halothane, and / or nitrous oxide. In an example embodiment, the animal can be a rodent, such as a mouse, a rat, or a guinea pig. The animal can also be a rabbit, or any other animal that has upper incisors that can be secured to a mask as disclosed herein.

[0052] The animal anesthesia mask 100 can include a housing 102 enclosing a cavity 104 (shown in Figure 4). The cavity 104 can be configured to administer anesthesia to the animal. The animal anesthesia mask 100 further includes a number of anesthesia venting holes 108 disposed in the housing 102, and a number of anesthesia suction holes 110 disposed in the housing 102. The number of anesthesia venting holes 108 are configured to vent anesthesia administered through the cavity 104, and the number of anesthesia suction holes 110 are configured to remove the vented anesthesia. The animal anesthesia mask 100 further includes a ring opening 112 into the cavity 104 of the housing 102. An inner edge 114 (shown in Figure 4) of the ring opening 112 extends from the ring opening to inside the cavity 104. In one embodiment, the inner edge 114 can be smooth. In an alternative embodiment, the inner edge 114 of the ring opening 112 can include a groove 116. The groove 116 can beconfigured to hold an animal’s upper incisors, wherein the groove 116 can extend three hundred sixty degrees around the ring opening 112. Alternatively, someembodiments do not include a groove. The number of anesthesia venting holes 108 are disposed along an outer edge 118 of the ring opening 112 opposite to the inner edge 114 of the ring opening 112.

[0053] In an example embodiment, the animal anesthesia mask 100 is made of a material that can be sterilized. For example, the material can be sterilized using an autoclave. The items to be sterilized are loaded into a sealed chamber, heated to high temperatures using steam, and then cooled before safe removal of the sterilized items.

[0054] Biomedical resins are materials that are typically autoclavable. The animal anesthesia mask 100 can be made from a biomedical resin. The biomedical resin can include Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Polyethylene (PE), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polyurethane (PU), Silicone, Polycarbonate (PC), Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK), Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), and / or any combination of these biomedical resins.

[0055] The animal anesthesia mask 100 can be made by a variety of manufacturing methods including but not limited to 3D printing, molding such as extrusion, injection, compression, blown, casting, shell, and thermoforming, alone, or in any combination.

[0056] As illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B, the housing 102 includes a base 106. The base 106 can be the bottom of the animal anesthesia mask 100. The base 106 can include at least one attachment point 122. In certain embodiments, the base 106 can include a first attachment point 122a, a second attachment point 122b, a third attachment point 122c, and a fourth attachment point 122d, as shown in Figure 2B. The base can also include fewer than four attachment points, or more than four attachment points.

[0057] The at least one attachment point 122 can be configured to connect the base 106 to a surgical board 120. The surgical board 120 can support the animal during surgery. The surgical board 120 can be made of a magnetic metal. For example, the magnetic metal can be a stainless steel, such as “stainless steel 304”, and can contain magnesium. In these embodiments the surgery board 120 is magnetic and also easy to sterilize. Alternatively, the surgical board 120 could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0058] In an example embodiment, the at least one attachment point 122 can include at least one magnet 124. The magnet 124 can be embedded in the base 106 of the housing 102. The base 106 of the housing 102 can include an indent 144 to allow the magnet 124 to sit within the housing 102. When in the indent 144, the magnet 124 can be flush with thebase 106. The magnet 124 can be secured to the housing by a screw 136. When in use, the magnet 124 can attach the housing 102 to the surgical board 120 by magnetic attraction.

[0059] Figures 3A and 3B illustrate an additional embodiment of at least one attachment point 302. Although one attachment point 302 is shown in Figure 3A, a base 304 can include a first attachment point 302a, a second attachment point 302b, a third attachment point 302c, and a fourth attachment point 302d as shown in Figure 3B. The base can also include fewer than four attachment points, or more than four attachment points.

[0060] The illustrated example embodiment can include threads 306 and bolts 308 to secure the housing 310 to the surgical board 312. Particularly, the at least one attachment point 302 can include at least two holes 314 in the base 304, as shown in Figure 3B. The holes 314 can be bores in the housing 310. The two holes 314 can include screw threads 306. At least two bolts 308 can extend through the surgical board 312 and the two holes 314 in the base 304 can accept the two bolts 308 respectively. The bolts 308 can thread into the screw threads 306 inside each of the holes 314 respectively. In an example embodiment, the bolts 308 are not coupled to the surgical board 312. Instead, there can be holes 316 in the surgical board 312 that the bolts 308 can pass through. Although the components can be separate, the bolts 308 can assist in securing the housing 310 to the surgical board 312 so that the housing will not become disrupted during operations. In one embodiment, the bolts 308 could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0061] In an alternative embodiment, the bolts can be coupled to the surgical board. For example, the bolts can be welded to the surgical board. In this embodiment, the bolts can extend through holes in the housing and can project through the housing. The holes in certain embodiments can fully extend through the housing so that the bolts pass through the holes to the top of the housing. Nuts can be tightened onto the tops of the bolts to secure the housing to the surgical board. In one embodiment, the nuts could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0062] In an alternative embodiment, the housing can be secured to the surgical board using an adhesive substance, such as a tape in particular surgical tape.

[0063] Figure 4A is an illustration of a cross-sectional view through the animal anesthesia mask 100. As illustrated, the housing 102 encloses the cavity 104. The cavity 104 is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal. Particularly, anesthesia can flow into the cavity 104 and can fill the cavity 104. At least part of the animal’s head can be within thecavity 104. In an example embodiment, the cavity 104 is configured to hold at least a portion of an animal’s upper jaw. Particularly, an operator can place the animal’s upper incisors and / or nose within the cavity 104. When the animal breathes in, it inhales the anesthesia that is in the cavity 104. In one embodiment, an outer groove 148 can surround the outer edge 118 of the ring opening 112. The outer groove can be a space for the lower jaw of the animal to rest in.

[0064] In an example embodiment, anesthesia is introduced into the cavity 104 via an input port 134. The input port 134 can be coupled to the housing 102. A supply channel 140 can extend from the input port 134 through the housing 102, into the cavity 104. The anesthesia can travel from a source through tubing, such as removable silicone tubes or other removable non-silicone tubes, into the input port 134, through the supply channel 140, and into the cavity 104. Anesthesia can also be withdrawn through an anesthesia withdrawal port 126. The anesthesia withdrawal port 126 can be connected to a vacuum and / or a disposal container via at least one removable tube, such as a removable silicone tube or other removable non-silicone tube. The vacuum can provide suction to remove waste anesthesia through the number of anesthesia suction holes 110. Figure 4B illustrates the anesthesia input port 134 and anesthesia withdrawal port 126. Figure 4C further illustrates a side view of the animal anesthesia mask 100 with the anesthesia input port 134 and anesthesia withdrawal port 126 in relation to each other.

[0065] As illustrated in Figure 5, the housing 102 can include a number of anesthesia venting holes 108. In an example embodiment there are eight anesthesia venting holes 108, however more or fewer anesthesia venting holes 108 are also possible. The anesthesia venting holes 108 are holes that pass through the housing 102 into the cavity 104. Therefore, the anesthesia venting holes 108 can be connected to the anesthesia input port 134 via the cavity 104. The animal thus breathes in anesthesia supplied to the cavity 104 and any leftover waste gas that the animal did not inhale can be vented through the anesthesia venting holes 108. This configuration can assist in improving the likelihood that the animal is always inhaling fresh anesthesia.

[0066] Once the anesthesia is vented it can be sucked back through a number of anesthesia suction holes 110 disposed in the housing 102, as illustrated in Figure 5. In an example embodiment there are four anesthesia suction holes 110, however more or fewer anesthesia suction holes 110 are also possible. The number of anesthesia suction holes 110can suck back in anesthesia that is vented through the number of anesthesia venting holes 108 in order to remove the anesthesia from the atmosphere. The number of anesthesia suction holes 110 can be connected to the anesthesia withdrawal port 126 via withdrawal channel 142, which are illustrated in Figure 4A. The anesthesia withdrawal port 126 is illustrated in Figure 4B. silicone

[0067] Figure 5 further illustrates a ring opening 112 into the cavity 104 of the housing 102. The radius of the ring opening is beneficially between 4 to 40 millimeters across and its size adapted to the shape and size of an animal’s snout. In an example embodiment, the ring opening 112 can be 6 mm across. The ring opening 112 can be disposed in a center 128 of an outside wall 130 of the housing 102. The wall 130 on which the ring opening 112 is disposed can be the front wall of the housing 102. As illustrated, the ring opening 112 can include an inner edge 114 and an outer edge 118. The inner edge 114 and the outer edge 118 of the ring opening 112 can be opposite each other. The inner edge 114 of the ring 112 can be closer to the center 128 of the outside wall 130 and can extend from the ring opening to inside of the cavity, while the outer edge 118 can be closer to the corners 146 of the outside wall 130. The corners 146 of the outside wall 130 can be on the edge 132 of the outside wall 130.

[0068] In an example embodiment, the number of anesthesia venting holes 108 can be disposed along the outer edge 118 of the ring opening 112. The number of anesthesia venting holes 108 can be opposite to the inner edge 114 of the ring opening 112. Further, the number of anesthesia suction holes 110 can be disposed on the outside wall 130 of the housing 102 between the outer edge 118 of the ring opening 112 and an edge 132 of the outside wall 130.

[0069] Figure 6 illustrates a cross sectional view of the animal anesthesia mask 100. Particularly, Figure 6 illustrates the inside of the cavity 104 particularly the inner edge 114 of the ring opening 112. In one embodiment the inner edge 114 is smooth. The upper incisors of the rodent may be positioned on the inner edge 114 of the ring opening 112 on a lip 138 inside of the cavity 104. The lip 138 inside of the cavity 104 can also be referred to as a tooth bar. The lip 138 can be a flat surface inside of the cavity 104, on which a rodent’s incisors might rest. In an example embodiment the lip 138 may be approximately 0.89 mm thick to 10 mm thick. In another embodiment, the inner edge 114 includes a groove 116. The groove can be configured to hold the animal’s upper incisors. The way the groove 116 is positioned on the inside of the housing 102, the groove 116 can create a more pronounced lip 138around the inner edge 114 of the ring opening 112. The lip 138 can help prevent the upper incisors from slipping out of the groove 116. In an example embodiment the resin forming the lip 138 may be approximately 0.89 mm thick. In other embodiments, the thickness of the lip can range from 0.80 to 10 mm thick. In an example embodiment the resin forming the groove 116 may be approximately 0.89 to 10 mm thick. In other embodiment, the thickness of the groove can range from 0.72 mm to 3 mm thick. The thicknesses of the groove 116 and the lip 138 may be scaled depending on the size of the animal.

[0070] Additionally, the groove 116 can extend three hundred sixty and degrees around the ring opening 112. By making the groove 116 three hundred sixty and degrees, the groove 116 can hold animal’s upper incisors in any place around the three hundred sixty and degrees, thus permitting an operator to put the animal in any position, and also move the animal to any position during surgery without the mask becoming dislodged from the animal. Alternatively, the groove could only be on a portion of the ring opening. For example, the groove could extend thirty degrees to three hundred and sixty degrees around the ring opening. Further, the ring opening 112 can tightly fit around the animal’s nose, wherein the tight fit creates a relatively tight seal so that anesthesia does not accidentally escape past the animal’s nose.

[0071] As previously mentioned at Paragraph

[0056] , the animal anesthesia mask 100 can be made by a variety of manufacturing methods. In an example embodiment, the animal anesthesia mask 100 can be 3D printed. When 3D printed, all of the components in the animal anesthesia mask 100 can be printed together and permanently fixed to each other. Specifically, the housing 102, the base 106, the ring opening 112, the anesthesia input port 134, and the anesthesia withdrawal port 126 can all be permanently coupled to each other. This can improve operator satisfaction because it is less likely that pieces will become lost or mishappen upon use. The animal anesthesia mask 100 could also be used with removable tubes configured to connect to the anesthesia input port 134 and the anesthesia withdrawal port 126. The removeable tubes could be silicone tubes, which could be autoclavable, or any other type of non-silicone tubes, which might not be autoclavable. B. Additional Embodiments

[0072] Figures 7-11 illustrate a second embodiment of the animal anesthesia mask 700 that does not include the number of anesthesia venting holes or the number of anesthesia suction holes included in the first embodiment of the animal anesthesia mask. Generally, theanimal anesthesia mask 700 can be used to administer anesthesia in the form of gas to an animal. The anesthesia can include isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, halothane, and / or nitrous oxide. In an example embodiment, the animal can be a rodent, such as a mouse, a rat, or a guinea pig. The animal can also be a rabbit, or any other animal that has upper incisors.

[0073] Figure 7 illustrates the animal anesthesia mask 700. The animal anesthesia mask 700 can include a housing 702 enclosing a cavity 704 (shown in Figure 10). The cavity 704 is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal, particularly a laboratory animal. The housing 702 also includes a base 706. The animal anesthesia mask 700 further includes an anesthesia input port 734 disposed in the housing 702, and an anesthesia withdrawal port 726 disposed in the housing 702. The anesthesia input port 734 is configured to supply anesthesia to the cavity 704, and the anesthesia withdrawal port 726 is configured to remove anesthesia from the cavity 704. The animal anesthesia mask 700 further includes a ring opening 712 into the cavity 704 of the housing 702. An inner edge 714 of the ring opening 712 can extend from the ring opening to inside the cavity 704 and is configured to hold an animal’s upper incisors.

[0074] In an example embodiment, the animal anesthesia mask 700 is made of a material that can be sterilized. For example, the material can be sterilized by an autoclave. The items to be sterilized can be loaded into a sealed chamber, heated to high temperatures using steam, and then cooled before safe removal of the sterilized items.

[0075] Biomedical resins are materials that are typically autoclavable. The animal anesthesia mask 700 can be made from a biomedical resin. The biomedical resin can include Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Polyethylene (PE), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polyurethane (PU), Silicone, Polycarbonate (PC), Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK), Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), and / or any combination of the listed biomedical resins.

[0076] As illustrated in Figures 8A and 8B, the housing 702 includes a base 706. The base 706 can be the bottom of the animal anesthesia mask 700. The base 706 can include at least one attachment point 722. The base can include a first attachment point 722a, a second attachment point 722b, a third attachment point 722c, and a fourth attachment point 722d, as shown in Figure 8B. The base can also include fewer than four attachment points, or more than four attachment points.

[0077] The at least one attachment point 722 can be configured to connect the base706 to a surgical board 720. The surgical board 720 can support the animal during surgery. The surgical board 720 can be made of a magnetic metal. For example, the magnetic metal can be a stainless steel, such as “stainless steel 304”, and can contain magnesium, wherein the surgery board 720 is magnetic and also easy to sterilize. Alternatively, the surgical board 720 could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0078] In an example embodiment, the at least one attachment point 722 can include at least one magnet 724. The magnet 724 can be embedded in the base 706 of the housing 702. The base 706 of the housing 702 can include an indent 744 to allow the magnet 724 to sit within the housing 702. When in the indent, the magnet 724 is flush with the base 706. A screw 736 can secure the magnet 724 to the housing 702. When in use, the magnet 724 can attach the housing 702 to the surgical board 720 by magnetic attraction.

[0079] Figures 9A and 9B illustrate an additional embodiment of at least one attachment point 902. Although one attachment point 902 is shown in Figure 9A, the base can include a first attachment point 902a, a second attachment point 902b, a third attachment point 902c, and a fourth attachment point 902d, as shown in Figure 9B. The base can also include fewer than four attachment points, or more than four attachment points.

[0080] The illustrated example embodiment can include threads 906 and bolts 908 to secure the housing 910 to the surgical board 912. Particularly, the at least one attachment point 902 can include at least two holes 914 in the base 904, as shown in Figure 9B. The holes 914 can be bores in the housing 910. The two holes 914 can include screw threads 906. At least two bolts 908 can extend through the surgical board 912 and the two holes 914 in the base 904 can accept the two bolts 908 respectively. The bolts 908 can thread into the screw threads 906 inside each of the holes 914, respectively. In an example embodiment, the bolts 908 are not coupled to the surgical board 912. Instead, there are holes 916 in the surgical board 912 that the bolts 908 can pass through. Although the components are separate, the bolts 908 can assist in securing the housing 910 to the surgical board 912 so that it will not become disrupted during operations. In one embodiment, the bolts 908 could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0081] In an alternative embodiment, the bolts can be coupled to the surgical board. For example, the bolts can be welded to the surgical board. In this embodiment, the bolts can extend through holes in the housing and project through the housing. The holes can fully extend through the housing so that the bolts pass through the holes to the top of the housing.Nuts can be tightened onto the tops of the bolts to secure the housing to the surgical board. In one embodiment, the nuts could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0082] In an alternative embodiment, the housing can be secured to the surgical board using some sort of adhesive, such as a tape.

[0083] Figure 10 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view through the animal anesthesia mask 700. As illustrated, the housing 702 encloses the cavity 704. The cavity 704 is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal. Particularly, anesthesia can flow into the cavity 704 to fill the cavity 704. At least part of the animal’s head comprising its snout can also be within the cavity 704. In an example embodiment, the cavity 704 is configured to hold at least a portion of an animal’s upper jaw. Particularly, an operator can position the animal’s upper incisors and / or nose within the cavity. When the animal breathes in, it inhales the anesthesia that is in the cavity 704.

[0084] Referring back to Figure 7, in an example embodiment, anesthesia is piped into the cavity 704 via an anesthesia input port 734. The input port 734 can be disposed in the housing 702. A supply channel extends from the input port 734 through the housing 702, into the cavity 704. The anesthesia travels from an anesthesia source through removable tubes, such as removable silicone tubes or other removable non-silicone tubes, into the input port 734, through the supply channel, and into the cavity 704.

[0085] As illustrated in Figure 10, the supply channel 740 for the anesthesia input port 734 lets out into the cavity 704 at the top of the cavity 704. Because the anesthesia is heavier than air in the room, it would fall past the animal’s nose to the bottom of the cavity 704. As the anesthesia falls past the animal’s nose, it is inhaled by the animal.

[0086] A withdrawal channel 742 connected to an anesthesia withdrawal port 726 is disposed in the bottom of the housing 702. The anesthesia that falls to the bottom of the cavity 704 continues to fall into the withdrawal channel 742 and passes through the anesthesia withdrawal port 726. The anesthesia withdrawal port 726 can remove anesthesia from the cavity 704. The withdrawn anesthesia travels from the anesthesia withdrawal port 726 through a removable tube into a disposal canister. The removable tube could be a silicone tube, which could be autoclavable, or any other type of non-silicone tube, which might not be autoclavable.

[0087] Figure 11 further illustrates a ring opening 712 into the cavity 704 of the housing 702. The radius of the ring opening 712 is beneficially between 4 to 40 millimetersacross and its size adapted to the shape and size of an animal’s snout. In an example embodiment, the ring opening can be 6 mm across. The ring opening 712 can be disposed in a center 728 of an outside wall 730 of the housing 702. The outside wall 730 on which the ring is disposed can be the front wall of the housing 702. As illustrated, the ring opening 712 can include an inner edge 714 and an outer edge 718. The inner edge 714 and the outer edge 718 of the ring opening 712 can be opposite each other. The inner edge 714 of the ring opening 712 can be closer to the center 728 of the outside wall 730 and can extend into the cavity, while the outer edge 718 can be closer to the edge 732 of the outside wall 730.

[0088] Referring back to Figure 10, which illustrates the inside of the housing 702, in one embodiment the inner edge 714 of the ring opening 712 can be smooth. The upper incisors of the rodent may be positioned on the inner edge 714 of the ring opening 712 on a lip 738 inside of the cavity 704. The lip 738 inside of the cavity 704 can also be referred to as a tooth bar. The lip 738 can be a flat surface inside of the cavity 704, on which a rodent’s incisors might rest. In an example embodiment the lip 738 may be approximately 0.89 mm thick to 10 mm thick. In an alternative embodiment, the inner edge 714 of the ring opening 712 can include a groove 716. The groove 716 is configured to hold the animal’s upper incisors. Particularly, the way the groove 716 is positioned on the inside of the housing 702, the groove 716 can create a more pronounced lip 738 around the inside edge 714 of the ring opening 712. The lip 738 can help prevent the upper incisors from slipping out of the groove 716. In an example embodiment the lip 738 may be approximately 0.89 mm thick to 10 mm thick. The thickness of the resin at the groove 716 may be approximately 0.80 mm thick to 3 mm thick. The thickness of the groove 716 relative to the lip 738 may be scaled depending on the size of the animal.

[0089] Additionally, the groove 716 can extend three hundred sixty and degrees around the ring opening 712. The animal’s upper incisors can be held in any place around the three hundred sixty and degrees. Therefore, an operator can put the animal in any position, and also move the animal to any position during surgery without the mask becoming dislodged from the animal. Alternatively, the groove could only be on a portion of the ring opening. For example, the groove could extend thirty degrees to three hundred and sixty degrees around the ring opening. Further, the ring opening 712 can tightly fit around the animal’s nose, wherein the tight fit creates a relatively tight seal so that anesthesia does not accidentally escape past the animal’s nose.

[0090] In an example embodiment, the animal anesthesia mask 700 can be 3D printed. When 3D printed, all of the components in the animal anesthesia mask 700 can be printed together and permanently fixed to each other. Specifically, the housing 702, the base 706, the ring opening 712, the anesthesia input port 734, and the anesthesia withdrawal port 726 can all be permanently connected to each other. This can improve operator satisfaction because it is less likely that pieces will become lost or mishappen upon use.

[0091] Figures 12-23 illustrate a third embodiment of the animal anesthesia mask 1000 that is low profile and does not include the number of anesthesia venting holes or the number of anesthesia suction holes included in the first embodiment of the animal anesthesia mask. Additionally, the third embodiment of the animal anesthesia mask 1000 may have a lower profile than the second embodiment. Particularly, the ring opening 1012 may extend past the housing 1002, which may allow for easier access to the animal’s face (e.g. eyes) and neck. Generally, the animal anesthesia mask 1000 can be used to administer anesthesia in the form of gas to an animal. The anesthesia can include isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, halothane, and / or nitrous oxide. In an example embodiment, the animal can be a rodent, such as a mouse, a rat, or a guinea pig. The animal can also be a rabbit, or any other animal that has upper incisors.

[0092] Figure 12 illustrates the animal anesthesia mask 1000. The animal anesthesia mask 1000 can include a housing 1002 enclosing a cavity 1004 (shown in Figure 15). The cavity is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal, particularly a laboratory animal. The housing 1002 also includes a base 1006. The animal anesthesia mask 1000 further includes an anesthesia input port 1034 disposed in the housing 1002, and an anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 disposed in the housing 1002. The anesthesia input port 1034 is configured to supply anesthesia to the cavity, and the anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 is configured to remove anesthesia from the cavity 1004. The animal anesthesia mask 1000 further includes a ring opening 1012 into the cavity 1004 of the housing 1002. The ring opening 1012 can protrude from the housing 1002. Particularly, the housing 1002 does not extend over the ring opening 1012, like the housing 702 does to the ring opening 712 in the second embodiment. Further, the housing 1002 does not include an outer groove. An inner edge 1014 of the ring opening 1012 can extend from the ring opening to inside the cavity 1004 and is configured to hold an animal’s upper incisors.

[0093] In an example embodiment, the animal anesthesia mask 1000 is made of amaterial that can be sterilized. For example, the material can be sterilized by an autoclave. The items to be sterilized can be loaded into a sealed chamber, heated to high temperatures using steam, and then cooled before safe removal of the sterilized items.

[0094] Biomedical resins are materials that are typically autoclavable. The animal anesthesia mask 1000 can be made from a biomedical resin. The biomedical resin can include Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Polyethylene (PE), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polyurethane (PU), Silicone, Polycarbonate (PC), Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK), Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), and / or any combination of the listed biomedical resins.

[0095] As illustrated in Figures 13A and 13B, the housing 1002 includes a base 1006. The base 1006 can be the bottom of the animal anesthesia mask 1000. The base 1006 can include at least one attachment point 1022. The base can include a first attachment point 1022a, a second attachment point 1022b, a third attachment point 1022c, and a fourth attachment point 1022d, as shown in Figure 13B. The base can also include fewer than four attachment points, or more than four attachment points.

[0096] The at least one attachment point 1022 can be configured to connect the base 1006 to a surgical board 1020. The surgical board 1020 can support the animal during surgery. The surgical board 1020 can be made of a magnetic metal. For example, the magnetic metal can be a stainless steel, such as “stainless steel 304”, and can contain magnesium, wherein the surgery board 1020 is magnetic and also easy to sterilize. Alternatively, the surgical board 1020 could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0097] In an example embodiment, the at least one attachment point 1022 can include at least one magnet 1024. The magnet 1024 can be embedded in the base 1006 of the housing 1002. The base 1006 of the housing 1002 can include an indent 1044 to allow the magnet 1024 to sit within the housing 1002. When in the indent, the magnet 1024 is flush with the base 1006. A screw 1036 can secure the magnet 1024 to the housing 1002. When in use, the magnet 1024 can attach the housing 1002 to the surgical board 1020 by magnetic attraction.

[0098] Figures 14A and 14B illustrate an additional embodiment of at least one attachment point 1402. Although one attachment point 1402 is shown in Figure 14A, the base can include a first attachment point 1402a, a second attachment point 1402b, a third attachment point 1402c, and a fourth attachment point 1402d, as shown in Figure 14B. Thebase can also include fewer than four attachment points, or more than four attachment points.

[0099] The illustrated example embodiment can include threads 1406 and bolts 1408 to secure the housing 1410 to the surgical board 1412. Particularly, the at least one attachment point 1402 can include at least two holes 1414 in the base 1404, as shown in Figure 14B. The holes 1414 can be bores in the housing 1410. The two holes 1414 can include screw threads 1406. At least two bolts 1408 can extend through the surgical board 1412 and the two holes 1414 in the base 1404 can accept the two bolts 1408 respectively. The bolts 1408 can thread into the screw threads 1406 inside each of the holes 1414, respectively. In an example embodiment, the bolts 1408 are not coupled to the surgical board 1412. Instead, there are holes 1416 in the surgical board 1412 that the bolts 1408 can pass through. Although the components are separate, the bolts 1408 can assist in securing the housing 1410 to the surgical board 1412 so that it will not become disrupted during operations. In one embodiment, the bolts 1408 could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0100] In an alternative embodiment, the bolts can be coupled to the surgical board. For example, the bolts can be welded to the surgical board. In this embodiment, the bolts can extend through holes in the housing and project through the housing. The holes can fully extend through the housing so that the bolts pass through the holes to the top of the housing. Nuts can be tightened onto the tops of the bolts to secure the housing to the surgical board. In one embodiment, the nuts could be made out of an MRI compatible plastic.

[0101] In an alternative embodiment, the housing can be secured to the surgical board using some sort of adhesive, such as a tape.

[0102] Figure 15 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view through the animal anesthesia mask 1000. As illustrated, the housing 1002 encloses the cavity 1004. The cavity 1004 is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal. Particularly, anesthesia can flow into the cavity 1004 via a supply channel 1040 to fill the cavity 1004. The remainder anesthesia can flow out of the cavity via a withdrawal channel 1042 to the withdrawal part 1026. At least part of the animal’s head comprising its snout can also be within the cavity 1004. In an example embodiment, the cavity 1004 is configured to hold at least a portion of an animal’s upper jaw. Particularly, an operator can position the animal’s upper incisors and / or nose within the cavity. When the animal breathes in, it inhales the anesthesia that is in the cavity 1004.

[0103] As illustrated in Figure 16, anesthesia is piped into the cavity 1004 via an anesthesia input port 1034. The input port 1034 can be disposed in the housing 1002. A supply channel extends from the input port 1034 through the housing 1002, into the top of cavity 1004. The anesthesia travels from an anesthesia source through removable tubes, such as removable silicone tubes or other removable non-silicone tubes, into the input port 1034, through the supply channel, and into the top of cavity 1004.

[0104] As illustrated in Figure 16, the supply channel 1040 for the anesthesia input port 1034 lets out into the cavity 1004 at the top of the cavity 1004. Because the anesthesia is heavier than air in the room, it would fall past the animal’s nose to the bottom of the cavity 1004. As the anesthesia falls past the animal’s nose, it is inhaled by the animal.

[0105] A withdrawal channel 1042 connected to an anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 is disposed in the bottom of the housing 1002. The anesthesia that falls to the bottom of the cavity 1004 continues to fall into the withdrawal channel 1042 and passes through the anesthesia withdrawal port 1026. The anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 can remove anesthesia from the cavity 1004. The withdrawn anesthesia travels from the anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 through a removable tube into a disposal canister. The removable tube could be a silicone tube, which could be autoclavable, or any other type of non-silicone tube, which might not be autoclavable.

[0106] Figure 17 illustrates the back of the animal anesthesia mask 1000. The withdrawal port 1026 and the input port 1034 may be positioned on the back of the animal anesthesia mask 1000. In one embodiment, the withdrawal port 1026 and the input port 1034 may be positioned next to each other in order to save space. In an alternative embodiment, the withdrawal port 1026 and the input port 1034 could be offset from each other.

[0107] Figures 18A and 18B illustrate the right and left sides of the animal anesthesia mask 1000 respectively. As illustrated in Figure 18A, the anesthesia input port 1034 may be on the back of the animal anesthesia mask 1000, but may be visible from the right side. Further, the right side may have symbols to convey that the anesthesia flows into the cavity 1004 via the anesthesia input port 1034. As illustrated in Figure 18B, the anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 may be on the back of the animal anesthesia mask 1000, but may be visible from the left side. Further, the left side may have symbols to convey that the anesthesia flows out of the cavity 1004 via the anesthesia withdrawal port 1026.

[0108] Figure 19 further illustrates a ring opening 1012 into the cavity 1004 of thehousing 1002. The radius of the ring opening 1012 is beneficially between 4 to 40 millimeters across and its size adapted to the shape and size of an animal’s snout. In an example embodiment, the ring opening can be 6 mm across. The ring opening 1012 can be disposed in a center 1028 of an outside wall 1030 of the housing 1002. The outside wall 1030 on which the ring is disposed can be the front wall of the housing 1002. As illustrated, the ring opening 1012 can include an inner edge 1014 and an outer edge 1018. The inner edge 1014 and the outer edge 1018 of the ring opening 1012 can be opposite each other. The inner edge 1014 of the ring opening 1012 can be closer to the center 1028 of the outside wall 1030 and can extend into the cavity, while the outer edge 1018 can be closer to the edge 1032 of the outside wall 1030.

[0109] Referring back to Figure 15, which illustrates the inside of the housing 1002, in one embodiment the inner edge 1014 of the ring opening 1012 can be smooth. The upper incisors of the rodent may be positioned on the inner edge 1014 of the ring opening 1012 on a lip 1038 inside of the cavity. The lip 1038 inside of the cavity 1004 can also be referred to as a tooth bar. The lip 1038 can be a flat surface inside of the cavity 1004, on which a rodent’s incisors might rest. In an example embodiment the lip 1038 may be approximately 0.89 mm thick to 10 mm thick. In an alternative embodiment, the inner edge 1014 of the ring opening 1012 can include a groove 1016. The groove 1016 may be positioned inside of the ring opening 1012. The groove 1016 can be configured to hold the animal’s upper incisors. Particularly, the way the groove 1016 is positioned on the inside of the housing 1002, the groove 1016 can create a more pronounced lip 1038 around the inside edge 1014 of the ring opening 1012. The lip 1038 can help prevent the upper incisors from slipping out of the groove 1016. In an example embodiment the lip 1038 may be approximately 0.89 mm thick to 10 mm thick. The thickness of the resin at the groove 1016 may be approximately 0.80 mm thick to 3 mm thick. The thickness of the groove 1016 relative to the lip 1038 may be scaled depending on the size of the animal.

[0110] Additionally, the groove 1016 can extend three hundred sixty and degrees around the ring opening 1012. The animal’s upper incisors can be held in any place around the three hundred sixty and degrees. Therefore, an operator can put the animal in any position, and also move the animal to any position during surgery without the mask becoming dislodged from the animal. Alternatively, the groove could only be on a portion of the ring opening. For example, the groove could extend thirty degrees to three hundred and sixtydegrees around the ring opening. Further, the ring opening 1012 can tightly fit around the animal’s nose, wherein the tight fit creates a relatively tight seal so that anesthesia does not accidentally escape past the animal’s nose.

[0111] Figure 20 illustrates the top of the animal anesthesia mask 1000. From the top, the symbols indicating that the anesthesia flows into the cavity via the anesthesia input port 1034 and that the anesthesia flows out of the cavity via the anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 may be visible. In an example embodiment, the top may include an indication of the size of the ring opening 1012. In one embodiment, as previously stated, the ring opening may be 6 millimeters. In another embodiment, there is no indication of the size of the ring opening. Figure 20 further illustrates low profile embodiment three. Particularly, that the ring opening 1012 may extend past the housing 1002, which may allow for easier access to the animal’s face and neck.

[0112] In an example embodiment, the animal anesthesia mask 1000 can be 3D printed. When 3D printed, all of the components in the animal anesthesia mask 1000 can be printed together and permanently fixed to each other. Specifically, the housing 1002, the base 1006, the ring opening 1012, the anesthesia input port 1034, and the anesthesia withdrawal port 1026 can all be permanently connected to each other. This can improve operator satisfaction because it is less likely that pieces will become lost or mishappen upon use. C. Example Methods

[0113] Figure 12 is a flow chart illustrating an example method 1200 of positioning an animal in an anesthesia mask. An operator can perform the steps when preparing for surgery. The method can be carried out using animal anesthesia mask 100 or animal anesthesia mask 700. An operator or operators can carry out the actions set forth for the method. At block 1202 the method includes, with the animal in a first position, inserting at least a portion of an upper jaw of the animal’s head at a first angle through a ring opening of a housing into a cavity. At block 1204 the method includes tilting the animal’s head to a second angle within the ring opening of the housing. At block 1206 the method includes resting the animal’s upper incisors on an inner edge of the ring opening of the housing, wherein the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing is inside of the cavity.

[0114] In some examples, the method further includes moving the animal to a second position. To move the animal into a second position, the operator can slide the animal’supper incisors along the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing. Thereby the position of the animal is adjusted into the second position. In an alternative embodiment, the operator can slide the animal’s upper incisors along a groove in the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing.

[0115] In some examples, the method further includes releasing the animal from the anesthesia mask. With the animal’s head in the anesthesia mask, the operator can tilt the animal’s head back to the first angle within the ring opening of the housing. The operator can then release the animal’s upper incisors from the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing. The operator can then remove the animal’s upper jaw from the ring opening of the housing, thereby releasing the animal from the anesthesia mask. D. Example Variations

[0116] The above detailed description describes various features and functions of the disclosed apparatus, devices, and methods with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The example embodiments described herein and in the figures are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments can be utilized, and other changes can be made, without departing from the scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that the aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described herein, and illustrated in the figures, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are explicitly contemplated herein.

[0117] The particular arrangements shown in the figures should not be viewed as limiting. It should be understood that other embodiments can include more or less of each element shown in a given figure. Further, some of the illustrated elements can be combined or omitted. Yet further, an example embodiment can include elements that are not illustrated in the figures.

[0118] While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. An animal anesthesia mask comprising: a housing enclosing a cavity, wherein the cavity is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal, and wherein the housing comprises a base; a number of anesthesia venting holes disposed in the housing, wherein the number of anesthesia venting holes are configured to vent anesthesia administered through the cavity; a number of anesthesia suction holes disposed in the housing, wherein the number of anesthesia suction holes are configured to remove the vented anesthesia; and a ring opening into the cavity of the housing, wherein an inner edge of the ring opening inside the cavity is configured to hold an animal’s upper incisors wherein the number of anesthesia venting holes are disposed along an outer edge of the ring opening opposite to the inner edge of the ring opening.

2. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, wherein the cavity is configured to hold at least a portion of an animal’s upper jaw.

3. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, wherein the ring opening is between 4 to 40 millimetres across.

4. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, further comprising a surgical board, and wherein the base comprises at least one attachment point configured to connect the base to the surgical board.

5. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 4, wherein the surgical board comprises a magnetic metal, wherein the at least one attachment point comprises at least one magnet.

6. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 4, further comprising at least two bolts extending through the surgical board, wherein the at least one attachment point comprises at least two holes configured to accept the two bolts respectively, and wherein the at least twoholes comprise screw threads configured to screw on to each of the at least two bolts, respectively.

7. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, wherein the animal comprises a rodent.

8. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, wherein the animal anesthesia mask comprises a material, wherein the material is a biomedical resin.

9. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, further comprising an anesthesia input port and an anesthesia withdrawal port.

10. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 9, wherein the housing, the base, the ring opening, the anesthesia input port, and the anesthesia withdrawal port are all permanently connected to each other.

11. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 9, wherein the anesthesia input port is connected to the number of anesthesia venting holes and wherein the anesthesia withdrawal port is connected to the number of anesthesia suction holes.

12. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, wherein the ring opening is disposed in a center of an outside wall of the housing, and wherein the number of anesthesia suction holes are disposed on the outside wall between the outer edge of the ring opening and an edge of the outside wall.

13. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 1, wherein the inner edge of the ring opening inside of the cavity further comprises a groove, and wherein the groove extends three hundred and sixty degrees around the ring opening.

14. An animal anesthesia mask comprising: a housing enclosing a cavity, wherein the cavity is configured to administer anesthesia to an animal, and wherein the housing comprises a base;an anesthesia input port disposed in the housing, wherein the anesthesia input port is configured to supply anesthesia to the cavity; an anesthesia withdrawal port disposed in the housing, wherein the anesthesia withdrawal port is configured to remove anesthesia from the cavity; and a ring opening into the cavity of the housing, wherein an inner edge of the ring opening inside of the cavity is configured to hold an animal’s upper incisors.

15. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 14, wherein the ring opening is between 4 to 40 millimetres across.

16. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 14, further comprising a surgical board, and wherein the base comprises at least one attachment point configured to connect the base to the surgical board.

17. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 16, further comprising at least two bolts extending through the surgical board, wherein the at least one attachment point comprises at least two holes configured to accept the two bolts respectively, and wherein the at least two holes comprise screw threads configured to screw on to each of the at least two bolts respectively.

18. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 16, wherein the surgical board comprises a magnetic metal, wherein the at least one attachment point comprises at least one magnet.

19. The animal anesthesia mask of claim 14, wherein the inner edge of the ring opening inside of the cavity further comprises a groove, and wherein the groove extends three hundred and sixty degrees around the ring opening.

20. A method of positioning an animal in an anesthesia mask comprising: with the animal in a first position, inserting at least a portion of an upper jaw of the animal’s head at a first angle through a ring opening of a housing into a cavity; tilting the animal’s head to a second angle within the ring opening of the housing; andresting the animal’s upper incisors on an inner edge of the ring opening of the housing, wherein the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing is inside of the cavity.

21. The method of positioning the animal in the anesthesia mask of claim 18, further comprising moving the animal to a second position, wherein moving the animal to the second position comprises: sliding the animal’s upper incisors along the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing; and thereby adjusting the animal into the second position.

22. The method of positioning the animal in the anesthesia mask of claim 18, further comprising releasing the animal from the anesthesia mask, wherein releasing the animal from the anesthesia mask comprises: with the animal’s head in the anesthesia mask, tilting the animal’s head to the first angle within the ring opening of the housing; releasing the animal’s upper incisors from the inner edge of the ring opening of the housing; and removing the animal’s upper jaw from the ring opening of the housing, thereby releasing the animal from the anesthesia mask.

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