Fungicidal combinations, mixtures and compositions and uses thereo

Abstract

The present invention provides fungicidal combination comprising an amount of a flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

Description

[0001] FUNGICIDAL COMBINATIONS, MIXTURES AND COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF

[0002] Throughout this application various publications are referenced. The disclosures of these documents in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which this invention pertains.

[0003] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0004] This disclosure concerns combinations comprising (i) flumetylsulforim and (ii) at least one biological compound.

[0005] This disclosure also concerns compositions comprising the combinations described herein and methods of use of the combinations described herein.

[0006] BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY

[0007] Fungicides are compounds of natural or synthetic origin, which act to protect plants against damage caused by fungi. Current methods of agriculture rely heavily on the use of fungicides. In fact, some crops cannot be grown usefully without the use of fungicides. Using fungicides allows a grower to increase the yield and the quality of the crop, and consequently, increase the value of the crop.

[0008] Flumetylsulforim (5-fluoro-4-imino-3-methyl-l-tosyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(l / f)- one) is a compound of Formula I having the following structure:

[0009] Formula I

[0010] Flumetylsulforim provides control of a variety of fungal pathogens affecting economically important crops including, but not limited to, the causal agent of leaf blotch in wheat, Zymoseptoria tritici (SEPTTR) and fungi of the classes ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. Flumetylsulforim has both preventive and curative effects.

[0011] Many fungicides are not useful in all situations and repeated usage of a single fungicide frequently leads to the development of resistance to the related fungicides. Consequently, research is being conducted to produce fungicides and combinations that are safer, that have better performance, that are effective over long periods of time, that require lower dosages, that are easier to use, and that cost less.

[0012] Biological pesticides are highly advantageous in that they are usually less toxic than conventional pesticides, usually affect only the target pest and closely related organisms, are effective in very small quantities and often decompose quickly, resulting in lower exposures and largely avoiding the pollution problems caused by conventional pesticides and can greatly reduce the use of conventional pesticides, while crop yields remain high.

[0013] It is an object of this disclosure to provide combinations, including mixtures, comprising flumetylsulforim and at least one additional biological compound. It is a further object of this disclosure to provide composition and uses of these combinations, including mixtures.

[0014] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The present invention provides a fungicidal combination comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0016] The present invention also provides a mixture comprising the combinations described herein.

[0017] The present invention also provides a composition comprising the combinations described herein.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for treating a plant or a locus against fungal infection comprising applying an effective amount of any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to the plant or locus so as to thereby treat the plant or locus against fungal infection.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for controlling a plant disease caused by phytopathologic fungi comprising contacting the plant or a locus of the plant with an effective amount of any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to thereby control the plant disease.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to the plant, seed, seedling and / or a locus of the plant so as to thereby treat or prevent fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to the plant, seed, seedling and / or locus of the plant so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method of treating a plant, seed or seedling to produce a plant resistant to fungal attack, the method comprising applying any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to the plant, seed adapted to produce the plant, seeding adapted to produce the plant, or a locus of the plant so as to thereby produce a plant resistant to fungal attack.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method of protecting a plant from fungal attack, the method comprising applying any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to the plant, a locus of the plant, or a seed or seedling adapted to produce the plant so as to thereby protect the plant from fungal attack.

[0025] The present invention also provides a plant resistant to fungal attack, wherein the seed adapted to produce the plant, the seedling adapted to produce the plant, or a locus of plant is treated with any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein.

[0026] The present invention also provides a plant seed or seedling adapted to produce a plant resistant to fungal attack, wherein the plant seed or seedling is treated with any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for the controlling fungal attack on a plant comprising applying any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to locus, plant, root, foliage, seed, locus of the fungus, and / or a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for the controlling plant and / or soil fungal diseases comprising applying any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein to soil, plant, root, foliage, seed, locus of the fungus, and / or a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented so as to thereby control plant and / or soil fungal diseases.

[0029] The present invention also provides a method for controlling plant disease caused by phytopathologic fungi comprising contacting the plant, propagation material of the plant, or a locus of the plant with flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound so as to thereby control the plant disease.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying to the plant, seed, seedling and / or a locus of the plant flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method for protecting a plant, seed or seedling from fungal attack comprising applying to the plant, seed, seedling and / or locus of the plant flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby protect the plant, seed or seedling from fungal attack.

[0032] The present invention also provides use of any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection.

[0033] The present invention also provides any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions described herein for use to treat a plant or locus against fungal infection.

[0034] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Definitions

[0036] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the meaning commonly understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art to which this subject matter belongs.

[0037] As used herein, the term “flumetylsulforim” includes also all solid forms thereof including, but not limited to, amorphous, crystalline, solvate or hydrate. Crystalline forms of flumetylsulforim are disclosed in PCT International Application Publication No. WO 2019 / 038583 Al, published February 28, 2019, and in PCT International Application Publication No. WO 2022 / 234487 published November 10, 2022, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The term “flumetylsulforim” also includes salts and optical isomers thereof.

[0038] As used herein, the term “combination” means an assemblage of agrochemicals for application either by simultaneous or contemporaneous application.

[0039] As used herein, the term “simultaneous” when used in connection with application of agrochemicals means that the agrochemicals are applied in an admixture, for example, a tank mix. For simultaneous application, the combination may be the admixture or separate containers each containing an agrochemical that are combined prior to application.

[0040] As used herein, the term “contemporaneous” when used in connection with application of agrochemicals means that an individual agrochemical is applied separately from another agrochemical or premixture at the same time or at times sufficiently close together that an activity that is additive or more than additive or synergistic relative to the activity of either agrochemical alone at the same dose is achieved.

[0041] As used herein, the term “mixture” refers to, but is not limited to, a combination in any physical form, e.g., blend, solution, suspension, dispersion, emulsion, alloy, or the like.

[0042] As used herein, the term “tank mix” means one or more of the components of the combination, mixture or composition of the present invention are mixed in a spray tank at the time of spray application or prior to spray application. As used herein, the term “composition” includes at least one of the combinations or mixtures of the present invention with agriculturally acceptable carrier.

[0043] As used herein, the term “effective” when used in connection with an amount of the active ingredient, combination, mixture or composition refers to an amount of the active ingredient, combination, mixture or composition that achieve an agriculturally beneficial level of control of the fungus, pathogen, and / or disease when applied to a plant, propagation material of the plant, soil or a locus.

[0044] As used herein, the term “fungicidally effective amount” refers to an amount of the active component that is commercially recommended for use to control fungi. The commercially recommended amount for each active component, often specified as application rates of the commercial formulation, may be found on the label accompanying the commercial formulation. The commercially recommended application rates of the commercial formulation may vary depending on factors such as the plant species and the fungus to be controlled.

[0045] As used herein, the term “effective” when used in connection with a method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection means that the method provides an agriculturally beneficial level of treatment without significantly interfering with the normal growth and development of the plant.

[0046] As used herein, the term “treating a plant or locus against fungal infection” includes, but is not limited to, protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection and / or controlling fungal infection of the plant or locus.

[0047] As used herein, the term “protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection” includes, but is not limited to, protecting the plant or locus against fungal attack, protecting the plant or locus from fungal disease, and / or preventing fungal infection of the plant or locus.

[0048] As used herein, the term “controlling fungal infection of the plant or locus” includes, but is not limited to, controlling fungal disease infecting the plant or locus, controlling a plant or soil disease caused by phytopathologic fungi, controlling fungal attack on the plant or locus, reducing fungal infection of the plant or locus, and / or curing plant or soil disease caused by phytopathologic fungi. As used herein, the term “more effective for protecting the plant or locus against fungal attack” includes, but is not limited to, prolonging the duration of protection against fungal attack after application and extending the protection period against fungal attack.

[0049] As used herein, the term “more effective for controlling fungal disease” includes, but is not limited to, increasing efficacy of fungal disease control and reducing the amount of time needed to achieve a given level of fungal control.

[0050] As used herein, the term “protectant application” means an application of one or more fungicide for preventing fungal infection of the plant or locus, wherein the fungicidal combination, mixture or composition is applied before infection occurs, before any disease symptoms are shown or when the disease pressure is low. Disease pressure may be assessed based on the conditions associated with disease development such as spore concentration and certain environmental conditions.

[0051] As used herein the term “curative application” means an application of one or more fungicide for controlling fungal infection of the plant or locus, wherein the fungicidal combination, mixture or composition is applied after an infection or after disease symptoms are shown.

[0052] As used herein, the term "agriculturally acceptable carrier" means carriers which are known and accepted in the art for the formation of compositions for agricultural or horticultural use.

[0053] As used herein, the term “adjuvant” is broadly defined as any substance that itself is not an active ingredient, but which enhances or is intended to enhance the effectiveness of the fungicide with which it is used. Adjuvants may be understood to include, spreading agents, penetrants, compatibility agents, and drift retardants.

[0054] As used herein, the term "agriculturally acceptable inert additives" is defined as any substance that itself is not an active ingredient but is added to the composition such as sticking agents, surfactants, synergists, buffers, acidifiers, anti-oxidation agent, defoaming agents and thickeners. As used herein, the term "plant" includes reference to the whole plant, plant organ (e.g., leaves, stems, twigs, roots, trunks, limbs, shoots, fruits etc.), plant cells, and propagation material of the plant. As used herein the term "plant" includes reference to agricultural crops include field crops (soybean, maize, wheat, rice, etc.), vegetable crops (potatoes, cabbages, etc.) and fruits (peach, etc.).

[0055] As used herein the term "propagation material" is to be understood to denote all the generative parts of the plant such as seeds and spores, seedlings, and vegetative structures such as bulbs, corms, tubers, rhizomes, roots stems, basal shoots, stolons and buds.

[0056] As used herein, the term "locus" includes not only areas where fungal infection may already be shown, but also areas where fungal infection have yet to show, and also to areas under cultivation. Locus includes, but is not limited to, soil and other plant growth medium.

[0057] As used herein the term “ha” refers to hectare.

[0058] As used herein, the term “excipient” refers to any chemical which has no significant pesticidal activity, such as surfactant(s), solvent(s), or adjuvant(s). One or more excipients can be added to any combination, mixture or composition disclosed herein.

[0059] As used herein, the term “stabilizing surfactant” is defined as any surfactant that increases the physical and / or chemical stability of the flumetylsulforim when added to a liquid combination, mixture or composition comprising the flumetylsulforim. In some embodiments, the stabilizing surfactant is effective for inhibiting crystal growth.

[0060] The term “a” or “an” as used herein includes the singular and the plural, unless specifically stated otherwise. Therefore, the terms “a,” “an,” or “at least one” can be used interchangeably in this application.

[0061] Throughout the application, descriptions of various embodiments use the term “comprising”; however, it will be understood by one of skill in the art, that in some specific instances, an embodiment can be described using the language “consisting essentially of’ or “consisting of.”

[0062] The term “about” herein specifically includes ±10% from the indicated values in the range. In addition, the endpoints of all ranges directed to the same component or property herein are inclusive of the endpoints, are independently combinable, and include all intermediate points and ranges.

[0063] It is understood that where a parameter range is provided, all integers within that range, and tenths thereof, are also provided by the invention as if the integers and tenths thereof are expressly described herein. For example, “5 g / ha to 120 g / ha” includes 5.0 g / ha, 5.1 g / ha, 5.2 g / ha, 5.3 g / ha, 5.4 g / ha, etc. up to 120 g / ha.

[0064] All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference.

[0065] The following examples illustrate the practice of the present subject matter in some of its embodiments but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present subject matter. Other embodiments apparent to persons of ordinary skill in the art from consideration of the specification and examples herein that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims are part of this invention. The specification, including the examples, is intended to be exemplary only, without limiting the scope and spirit of the invention.

[0066] Aspects and embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0067] Fungicidal Combinations, Mixtures and Compositions

[0068] The present invention provides a fungicidal combination, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0069] In some embodiments, the combination is synergistic.

[0070] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the amount of at least one biological compound are more effective for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when the flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound are applied alone.

[0071] In some embodiments, flumetylsulforim is more effective for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection when applied in combination with the at least one biological compound than when the same amount of flumetylsulforim is applied not in combination with the same amount of the at least one biological compound.

[0072] In some embodiments, the amount of the at least one biological compound is more effective for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection when applied in combination with flumetylsulforim than when the same amount of the at least one biological compound is applied not in combination with the same amount of flumetylsulforim.

[0073] In some embodiments, flumetylsulforim improves the fungicidal efficacy of the amount of the at least one biological compound compared to when the same amount of at least one biological compound is applied not in combination with flumetylsulforim.

[0074] In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is increased by at least 10%, 20%, or 30% compared to when the same amount of the at least one biological compound is applied alone. In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is increased by at least 50%, 100%, 200% or 300% compared to when the same amount of the at least one biological compound is applied alone.

[0075] In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is measured in a treated area of the plant. In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is measured in an untreated area of the plant. In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is increased in a treated area of the plant. In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is increased in an untreated area of the plant.

[0076] In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is measure at least 7 days after treatment. In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is measure at least 14 days after treatment. In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is measure at least 21 days after treatment. In some embodiments, fungicidal efficacy is measure at least 28 days after treatment.

[0077] In some embodiments, a substantially similar level of fungicidal efficacy is achieved by using a lesser amount of flumetylsulforim and / or the at least one biological compound.

[0078] In some embodiments, the amount of flumetylsulforim in the combination is less than the amount of flumetylsulforim when used alone. In some embodiments, the amount of flumetylsulforim in the combination is less than its fungicidally effective amount. In some embodiments, the amount of the at least one biological compound in the combination is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when used alone.

[0079] In some embodiments, the amount of the biological compound and flumetylsulforim are more effective for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when flumetylsulforim and the amount of the biological compound are applied alone. In some embodiments, the combination comprises one or more biological compounds and the combination of the flumetylsulforim and the one or more biological compound applied is more effective in treating the plant or soil against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone. In some embodiments, the combination comprises two or more biological compounds and the combination of the flumetylsulforim and the two or more biological compounds applied is more effective in treating the plant or soil against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0080] In some embodiments, treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprises combating phytopathogenic diseases on the plant or locus.

[0081] In some embodiments, treating the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises protecting the plant or locus from fungal attack.

[0082] In some embodiments, treating the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises preventing fungal infection of the plant or locus.

[0083] In some embodiments, treating the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises controlling fungal disease affecting the plant or locus.

[0084] In some embodiments, treating the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises controlling a fungal pathogen, a fungal pathogen group or a fungal pathogen class affecting the plant or locus.

[0085] In some embodiments, treating the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises controlling a fungal disease caused by a fungal pathogen, a fungal pathogen group or a fungal pathogen class affecting the plant or locus.

[0086] In some embodiments, treating the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises reducing fungal infection of the plant or locus.

[0087] In some embodiments, the combination reduces the amount of time needed to achieve a level of fungal control than when flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound are applied alone.

[0088] An example for reduction is, if each fungicide is applied alone achieves 50% control of fungal disease 7 days after application, the mixture or composition disclosed herein achieves 50% control of fungal diseases 2 days after application where each fungicide is applied at the amount.

[0089] In some embodiments, the amount of time needed to achieve a level of fungal control is reduced by at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 day, 5 days, 7 days, 10 days, 14 days or 21 days, or 28 days.

[0090] In some embodiments, the combination improves plant development compared to the development of a plant affected by the same type and degree of fungal infection to which the combination is not applied. In some embodiments, the plant is a crop plant. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound as part of the combination is more effective in improving plant development than when applied at the same amount alone. In some embodiments, flumetylsulforim as part of the combination is more effective in improving plant development than when applied at the same amount alone.

[0091] In some embodiments, the plant development is improved by treating the plant against fungal attack.

[0092] In some embodiments, improving plant development comprises enhancing crop plants. In some embodiment, improving plant development comprises improving plant quality.

[0093] Improving plant development includes, but is not limited to, enhancing the root systems, enhancing shoot of the plant, enhancing plant vigor, enhancing greening effect on leaves and / or enhancing plant potential yield.

[0094] In some embodiments, improving plant development comprises enhancing the root system. In some embodiments, enhancement in root system is measured by root weight. In some embodiments, root weight is increased by at least 1%, 5%, 10, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%. In some embodiments, improving plant development comprises enhancing shoot of the plant. In some embodiments, enhancement in shoot is measured by shoot weight. In some embodiments, shoot weight is increased by at least 1%, 5%, 10, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.

[0095] In some embodiments, improving plant development comprises enhancing plant vigor. In some embodiments, plant vigor is assessed using the relative vigor index. In some embodiments, plant vigor is increased by at least 1%, 5%, 10, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.

[0096] In some embodiments, improving plant development comprises enhancing greening effect on leaves. In some embodiments, greening effect on leaves is assessed using the relative vigor index. In some embodiments, greening effect on leaves is increased by at least 1%, 5%, or 10%.

[0097] In some embodiments, improving plant development comprises enhancing plant yield. In some embodiments, plant yield is increased by at least 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.

[0098] In some embodiments, the amount of flumetylsulforim in the combination is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when applied alone.

[0099] In some embodiments, the amount of the at least one biological compound in the combination is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when the at least one biological compound is applied not in combination with flumetylsulforim.

[0100] The present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal combination, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0101] The present invention provides a fungicidal combination comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the combination is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0102] The present invention provides a fungicidal combination comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the amount of flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound when applied together is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0103] The present invention provides a fungicidal combination, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the amount of the flumetylsulforim applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when used alone, and / or wherein the amount of the at least one biological compound applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when used alone.

[0104] In some embodiments, the combination is synergistic.

[0105] In some embodiments, the combination is a mixture. In some embodiments, the mixture is a tank mix. In some embodiments, the mixture is synergistic.

[0106] The present invention provides a fungicidal mixture, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0107] The present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal mixture, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0108] The present invention provides a fungicidal mixture, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the mixture is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0109] The present invention provides a fungicidal mixture, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the amount of flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound when applied together is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0110] The present invention provides a fungicidal mixture, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the amount of the flumetylsulforim applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when is used alone, and / or wherein the amount of the at least one biological compound applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when is used alone.

[0111] The present invention also provides a fungicidal composition comprising any one of the combinations or mixtures disclosed herein.

[0112] In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is bioinsecticide, bionematicide, biofungicide, bioherbicide or biostimulant.

[0113] In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is a bioinsecticide.

[0114] In some embodiments, the bioinsecticide is selected from microbials and biochemicals.

[0115] In some embodiments, the microbials are selected from bacteria, fungi / yeast and viruses.

[0116] In some embodiments, the bacteria is selected from bacillus thuringiensis (Bt such as kurstaki, aizawai, tenebrionis, israelensis, spharius, margalitus sp.), chromobacterium substuga and burkholderia rinojensis.

[0117] In some embodiments, the fungi / yeast is selected from beuveria brassiana, lecanicillium muscarium, isaria fumosorosea, metarhizium anisopliae and spinusum spp.

[0118] In some embodiments, the viruses are selected from baculovirus (NPV) & granulovirus, adoxophyes orana, baculovirus helicoverpa armigera, cydia pomonella granulosis, nucleopoliedro virus Spodoptera littoralis, paranosema locustae, and phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita.

[0119] In some other embodiments, the biochemicals are selected from plant extracts, fatty acids, pelargonic acid, poacic acid, natamycin, sheepfat, kaolin, (clay), calcium carbonate, maltodextrine, saccharopolyspora spinosa., milbemectin, spinetoram, spinosad, brassinolide sucroglycerides, polyphenols, flavanoides, peptides and chitosan. In some embodiments, the biochemicals are selected from plant extracts and the plant extract is selected from capsaicin, garlic extract, chitosan, guayule extract, mustard extract, capsicin, azadarchitin, oils and pyrethrins.

[0120] In some embodiments, the plant extracts are oils, and the oils are selected from tyme oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, orange oil, neem oil, citrus oil, olive fatty oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, pine oil, corn oil and sesame oil.

[0121] In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is a bionematicide.

[0122] In some embodiments, the bionematicide is selected from microbials and biochemicals.

[0123] In some embodiments, the bionematicide is microbials selected from bacteria and fungi.

[0124] In some embodiments, the bacteria is selected from Bacillus firmus (subtilis), and Bacillus Spp.

[0125] In some embodiments, the fungi is selected from burkolderia rinojensis, paecilomyces spp (lilacinus), pasteuria nizhizawae, metarhizium anisopliae, myrothecium verrucaria, and arthobotrys.

[0126] In some other embodiments, the bionematicide is a biochemical selected from plant extracts, kaolin, clay, saccharopolyspora spinosa., milbemectin, spinetoram, spinosad, polyphenols, flavanoides and peptides.

[0127] In some embodiments, the plant extracts are selected from capsaicin, garlic extract, chitosan, guayule extract, mustard extract, azadarchitin, and oils.

[0128] In some embodiments, the oils are selected from tyme oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, orange oil, neem oil, citrus oil, olive fatty oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, pine oil, corn oil and sesame oil.

[0129] In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is a biofungicide.

[0130] In some embodiments, the biofungicide is selected from microbials and biochemicals.

[0131] In some embodiments, the biofungicide is microbials selected from bacteria and fungi / yeast.

[0132] In some embodiments, the bacteria is selected from bacillus subtilis, bacillus firmus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and pseudomonas auerofaciens. In some embodiments, the fungi / yeast is selected from Trichoderma spp, pseudozyma aphidis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, pithium oligandum, Colletotrichum, tilletiopsis pallescenes, epicoccum nigrum and mycorrhiza of various species, metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassian.

[0133] In some embodiments, the biofungicide is biochemicals selected from plant extracts, potassium bicarbonate, potassium phosphite, terpenes, fatty acids, poacic acid, natamycin, Laminarin, sheepfat, kaolin, clay, calcium carbonate maltodextrine, saccharopolyspora spinosa., milbemectin, spinetoram, spinosad, brassinolide sucroglycerides, polyphenols, flavanoides, peptides and chitosan.

[0134] In some embodiments, the plant extracts are selected from capsaicin, chenopodium ambrosioid, oils, seaweed extracts such as brown kelp - Undaria pinnatifida, guayule extract, mustard extract and azadarchitin.

[0135] In some embodiments, the oils are selected from clove oil, garlic oil, paraffin oil, rosemary oil, tyme oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, orange oil, neem oil, citrus oil, olive fatty oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, pine oil, corn oil and sesame oil.

[0136] In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is a bioherbicide.

[0137] In some embodiments, the bioherbicide is unsaturated fatty acids, pelargonic acid or acetic acid.

[0138] In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is a biostimulant.

[0139] In some embodiments, the biostimulant is a plant stimulant.

[0140] In some embodiments, the plant stimulant is selected from seaweed such as ascophillum microalgae, amino acids, humic acid, fulvic acids, beneficial microbes, phytosterols, brassinosteroids, strigolactones and mycorrhiza.

[0141] In some embodiments, the weight ratio the flumetylsulforim to the at least one biological compound in the combination, mixture or composition is from 400:1 to 1:400.

[0142] The present invention provides a composition comprising any one of the combinations or mixtures described herein. The present invention provides a fungicidal composition, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0143] The present invention provides a synergistic fungicidal composition, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

[0144] The present invention provides a fungicidal composition, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the composition is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0145] The present invention provides a fungicidal composition, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the amount of the flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound when applied together is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0146] The present invention provides a fungicidal composition, comprising flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, wherein the amount of the flumetylsulforim applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when the flumetylsulforim is used alone, and / or wherein the amount of the at least one biological compound applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when the at least one biological compound is used alone.

[0147] In some embodiments, the composition comprises the flumetylsulforim in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, preferably from about 0.1% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

[0148] In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least one biological compound in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, preferably from about 0.1% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the amount of the flumetyl sulforim in the composition is from about 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, or 5% to about 90%, 93%, 95%, 98%, or 99% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

[0149] In some embodiments, the amount of the at least one biological compound in the composition is from about 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, or 5% to about 90%, 93%, 95%, 98%, or 99% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

[0150] In some embodiments, the amount of the flumetylsulforim in the composition is about 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% or 95% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

[0151] In some embodiments, the amount of the at least one biological compound in the composition is about 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% or 95% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

[0152] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound in the composition lies within the range of about 400:1 to 1:400.

[0153] In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a phytologically acceptable carrier.

[0154] In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a phytologically acceptable adjuvant.

[0155] In some embodiments, the composition further comprises at least one pesticide.

[0156] In some embodiments, the composition is formulated for dilution in water before application.

[0157] In some embodiments, the composition is a concentrated formulation which can be dispersed in water, or another liquid, for application. In some embodiments, the composition is dust-like or granular, which can then be applied without further treatment. The compositions disclosed herein can be prepared according to procedures which are conventional in the agricultural chemical art, but which are novel and important because of the synergistic effect they have.

[0158] The compositions that are applied most often are aqueous suspensions or emulsions. Either such water-soluble, water-suspendable, or emulsifiable formulations are solids, usually known as wettable powders, or liquids, usually known as emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous suspensions, or suspension concentrates. The present disclosure contemplates all vehicles by which the synergistic compositions can be formulated for delivery and used as fungicide.

[0159] Wettable powders, which may be compacted to form water-dispersible granules, comprise an intimate mixture of the synergistic composition, a carrier and agriculturally acceptable surfactants. The concentration of the disclosed composition in the wettable powder is usually from about 10% to about 90% by weight, more preferably about 25% to about 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. In the preparation of wettable powder formulations, the synergistic composition can be compounded with any of the finely divided solids,

[0160] As will be readily appreciated, any material to which the disclosed compositions can be added may be used, provided they yield the desired utility without significant interference with the activity of these synergistic mixtures or compositions as antifungal agents.

[0161] In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is synergistic. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition has synergistic effect in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition has synergistic curative effect. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition has synergistic protectant effect.

[0162] In some embodiments of the combinations, mixtures and compositions described herein, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic against SEPTTR in protectant and / or curative applications lies within the range of about 400:1 to 1:400. In some embodiments of the combinations, mixtures and compositions described herein, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic against SEPTTR in protectant and / or curative applications lies within the range of about 200:1 to 1:200.

[0163] In some embodiments of the combinations, mixtures and compositions described herein, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic against SEPTTR in protectant and / or curative applications lies within the range of about 100: 1 to 1:100.

[0164] In some embodiments of the combinations, mixtures and compositions described herein, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic against SEPTTR in protectant and / or curative applications lies within the range of about 50: 1 to 1:50.

[0165] In some embodiments of the combinations, mixtures and compositions described herein, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic against SEPTTR in protectant and / or curative applications lies within the range of about 10: 1 to 1:10.

[0166] In some embodiments of the combinations, mixtures and compositions described herein, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic against SEPTTR in protectant and / or curative applications lies within the range of about 5:1 to 1:5.

[0167] In some embodiments of the combinations, mixtures and compositions described herein, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic against SEPTTR in protectant and / or curative applications lies within the range of about 1:1.

[0168] In some embodiments, SEPTTR refers to Zymoseptoria tritici.

[0169] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic in protectant applications lies within the range of about 400:1 to 1:400. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound at which the fungicidal effect is synergistic in curative applications lies within the range of about 400:1 to 1:400.

[0170] In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition comprises a stabilizing system, a multi adjuvants system, and / or a pH adjuster, as described in WO / 2020 / 095181 the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.

[0171] Methods of Use

[0172] The present invention provides a method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound to the plant or locus, so as to thereby treat the plant or locus against fungal infection.

[0173] The present invention provides a method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound to the plant or locus, so as to thereby treat the plant or locus against fungal infection, wherein the method is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0174] The present invention provides a method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound to the plant or locus, so as to thereby treat the plant or locus against fungal infection, wherein the amount of the flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound when applied together is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0175] The present invention provides a method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound to the plant or locus, so as to thereby treat the plant or locus against fungal infection, wherein the amount of the flumetylsulforim applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when the flumetylsulforim is used alone, and / or wherein the amount of the at least one biological compound applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when the at least one biological compound is used alone.

[0176] The present invention also provides a method of treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying an effective amount of any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions disclosed herein to the plant or locus so as to thereby treat the plant or locus against fungal infection.

[0177] In some embodiments, the method is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0178] In some embodiments, the amount of the flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound when applied together is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone.

[0179] In some embodiments, the amount of the flumetylsulforim applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when the flumetylsulforim is used alone. In some embodiments, the amount of the at least one biological compound applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when the at least one biological compound is used alone.

[0180] In some embodiments, the method is effective for controlling fungal infection of the plant or locus.

[0181] In some embodiments, controlling fungal infection comprises controlling fungal disease infecting the plant or locus. In some embodiments, controlling fungal infection comprises controlling a plant or soil disease caused by phytopathologic fungi. In some embodiments, controlling fungal infection comprises controlling fungal attack on the plant or locus. In some embodiments, controlling fungal infection comprises reducing fungal infection of the plant or locus. In some embodiments, controlling fungal infection comprises curing a plant or soil disease caused by phytopathologic fungi.

[0182] In some embodiments, the method is effective for protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection.

[0183] In some embodiments, protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises protecting the plant or locus against fungal attack. In some embodiments, protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises protecting the plant or locus from fungal disease. In some embodiments, protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises preventing fungal infection of the plant or locus.

[0184] In some embodiments, the method comprises applying an effective amount of any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions disclosed herein to propagation material of the plant. In some embodiment, the method comprises applying an effective amount of any one of the combinations, mixtures, or compositions disclosed herein to seed and / or seedling of the plant.

[0185] In some embodiments, the method comprises a protectant application of any one of the combinations, mixtures or compositions disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method comprises a curative application of any one of the combinations, mixtures or compositions disclosed herein.

[0186] In some embodiments, the method comprises a protectant application of the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound. In some embodiments, the method comprises a curative application of the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound.

[0187] In some embodiments, the fungal attack is controlled by preventing fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling. In some embodiments, the fungal attack is controlled by treating the fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0188] The present invention also provides a method for controlling a plant disease caused by phytopathologic fungi comprising contacting a plant, propagation material of the plant, or a locus of the plant with an effective amount of any one of the combinations disclosed herein so as to thereby control the plant disease.

[0189] The present invention also provides a method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying any one of the combinations disclosed herein to the plant, seed, seedling and / or a locus of the plant so as to thereby treat or prevent fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0190] The present invention also provides a method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying any one of the compositions or mixtures disclosed herein to the plant, seed, seedling and / or locus of the plant so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0191] The present invention also provides a method of treating a plant, seed or seedling to produce a plant resistant to fungal attack, the method comprising applying any one of the compositions or mixtures disclosed herein to the plant, seed adapted to produce the plant, seeding adapted to produce the plant, or a locus of the plant so as to thereby produce a plant resistant to fungal attack.

[0192] The present invention also provides a method of protecting a plant from fungal attack, the method comprising applying any one of the compositions or mixtures disclosed herein to the to the plant, a locus of the plant, or a seed or seedling adapted to produce the plant so as to thereby protect the plant from fungal attack.

[0193] The present invention also provides a plant resistant to fungal attack, wherein the seed adapted to produce the plant, the seedling adapted to produce the plant, or a locus of plant is treated with any one of the compositions or mixtures disclosed herein.

[0194] The present invention also provides a plant seed or seedling adapted to produce a plant resistant to fungal attack, wherein the plant seed or seedling is treated with any one of the compositions or mixtures disclosed herein.

[0195] The present invention also provides a method for the controlling fungal attack on a plant comprising applying any one of the compositions or mixtures described herein to soil, plant, root, foliage, seed, locus of the fungus, and / or a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant.

[0196] The present invention also provides a method for the controlling plant and / or soil fungal diseases comprising applying any one of the compositions or mixtures described herein to soil, plant, root, foliage, seed, locus of the fungus, and / or a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented so as to thereby control plant and / or soil fungal diseases.

[0197] The present invention also provides a method for controlling plant disease caused by phytopathologic fungi comprising contacting the plant, propagation material of the plant, or a locus of the plant with flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby control the plant disease.

[0198] In some embodiments, the plant disease is controlled by protecting the plant from the plant disease. In some embodiments, the plant disease is controlled by curing the plant disease.

[0199] The present invention also provides a method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying to the plant, seed, seedling and / or a locus of the plant flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0200] In some embodiments, the fungal attack is controlled by preventing fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling. In some embodiments, the fungal attack is controlled by treating the fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

[0201] The present invention also provides a method for protecting a plant, seed or seedling from fungal attack comprising applying to the plant, seed, seedling and / or locus of the plant flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby protect the plant, seed or seedling from fungal attack.

[0202] In some embodiments, the method comprises a protectant application of the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound. In some embodiments, the method comprises a curative application of the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound.

[0203] In some embodiments, the method comprises applying the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound before existence of a fungal pathogen infection. In some embodiments, the method comprises applying the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound before fungal disease symptoms are shown. In some embodiments, the method comprises applying the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound when disease pressure is low.

[0204] In some embodiments, the method comprises applying the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound after existence of a fungal pathogen infection. In some embodiments, the method comprises applying the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound after fungal disease symptoms are shown.

[0205] In some embodiments, the method is effective for reducing leaf necrosis. In some embodiments, leaf necrosis is reduced by at least 10%. In some embodiments, leaf necrosis is reduced by at least 25%. In some embodiments, leaf necrosis is reduced by at least 50%. In some embodiments, leaf necrosis is reduced by at least 75%.

[0206] In some embodiments, effectiveness of the method is evaluated at least one week after application of the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound. In some embodiments, effectiveness of the method is evaluated at least two weeks after application of the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound. In some embodiments, effectiveness of the method is evaluated at least three weeks after application of the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound. In some embodiments, effectiveness of the method is evaluated at least four weeks after application of the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound.

[0207] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied simultaneously.

[0208] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied contemporaneously.

[0209] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and at least one biological compound are applied sequentially.

[0210] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied separately.

[0211] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied together. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied together as a tank mix. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are formulated as a single composition. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are formulated as two separated compositions.

[0212] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied in the form of any one of the combinations, mixtures or compositions disclosed herein.

[0213] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied to a portion of a plant, an area adjacent to a plant, soil in contact with a plant, soil adjacent to a plant, any surface adjacent to a plant, any surface in contact with a plant, a seed, and / or equipment used in agriculture. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied to a locus of the plant, a locus in proximity to the plant, a locus of the fungi, or a locus in proximity to the fungi. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied to soil in which the plant is grown. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied to soil in which the plant is to be grown.

[0214] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied at the time of planting.

[0215] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied 1 to 60 day(s) after planting.

[0216] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied 1 to 9 month(s) after planting.

[0217] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied once during a growth season.

[0218] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied at least one time during a growth season. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied two or more times during a growth season.

[0219] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied as a soil application. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied as a foliar application.

[0220] In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 5 g / ha to 400 g / ha. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 10 g / ha to 300 g / ha. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 30 g / ha to 200 g / ha. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 50 g / ha to 200 g / ha. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 50 g / ha to 100 g / ha. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 75 g / ha to 100 g / ha. In some embodiments, the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 100 g / ha to 200 g / ha.

[0221] In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 0.1 g / ha to 4000 g / ha.

[0222] When the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied in the form of the combinations, mixtures or compositions disclosed herein, the rate at which the combinations, mixture and / or composition is applied will depend upon the particular type of fungus to be controlled, the degree of control required and the timing and method of application. In general, the combinations, mixtures or compositions described herein can be applied at an application rate of between about 1 gram per hectare (g / ha) and about 4500 g / ha.

[0223] The combinations, mixtures or compositions disclosed herein can be applied at an application rate of between about 1 g / ha and about 4500 g / ha based on the total amount of active ingredients.

[0224] In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 5 g / ha to 400 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 10 g / ha to 300 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 30 g / ha to 200 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 50 g / ha to 200 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 50 g / ha to 100 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 75 g / ha to 100 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of flumetylsulforim is in the range of 100 g / ha to 200 g / ha. All the possible sub-ranges as well as individual numerical values within that range should be considered to have been specifically disclosed.

[0225] In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 4000 g / ha.

[0226] In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 4000 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 3500 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 3000 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 2500 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 2000 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 1500 g / ha. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition is applied where the amount of at least one biological compound is in the range of 0.1 g / ha to 1000 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 850 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 750 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 550 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 400 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 300 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 250 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 200 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 100 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 50 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 40 g / ha. In some embodiments, the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 30 g / ha. All the possible sub-ranges as well as individual numerical values within that range should be considered to have been specifically disclosed.

[0227] The combinations, mixtures and compositions disclosed herein may be applied to control and / or prevent a variety of fungal pathogen and diseases associated therewith.

[0228] In some embodiments, the disease is but not limited to cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola), leaf blight (Thanatephorus cucumeris), root rot (Thanatephorus cucumeris), and aphanomyces root rot (Aphanomyces cochlioides); powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), fusarium Head blight (Fusarium graminearum, F. avenaceum, culmorum, Microdochium nivale), rust (for example, yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis), black rust (P. graminis), Brown rust (P. recondita), snow mold (Micrdochium nivale), typhula snow blight (Typhula sp.), loose smut (Ustilago tritici), stinking smut (Tilletia caries), eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides), Septoria leaf blotch (Mycosphaerella graminicola), glume blotch (Stagonospora nodorum), and tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis); powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), loose smut (Fusarium graminearum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale), rust (Puccinia striiformis, P. graminis, P. hordei), loose smut (Ustilago nuda), scald (Rhynchosporium secalis), net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus), leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea), and damping-off caused by rhizoctonia fungus (Rhizoctonia solani); smut (Ustilago maydis), southern leaf blight (Cochliobolus heterostrophus), zonate leaf spot (Gloeocercospora sorghi), southern rust (Puccinia polysora), gray leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis), and damping-off caused by rhizoctonia fungus (Rhizoctonia solani); cotton damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Rhizoctonia solani); dollar spot (Sclerotinia homeocarpa), brown patch, and large patch (Rhizoctonia solani); melanose (Diaporthe citri), scab (Elsinoe fawcetti), fruit rot (Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum), and Phytophthora disease (Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora citrophthora); blossom blight (Monilinia mali), canker (Valsa ceratosperma), powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha), Altemaria leaf spot (Altemaria altemata apple pathotype), scab (Venturia inaequalis), bitter rot (Colletotrichum acutatum), and crown rot (Phytophthora cactorum); scab (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), black spot (Altemaria altemata Japanese pear pathotype), rust (Gymnosporangium haraeanum), phytophthora fruit rot, phytophthora crown and root rot (Phytophthora cactorum) and brown spot (Stemphilium Vesicarium); brown rot (Monilinia fructicola), scab (Cladosporium carpophilum), and Phomopsis rot (Phomopsis sp.); anthracnose (Gloeosporium kaki), and leaf spot (Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerella nawae); powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca humuli), and anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata); Sigatoka disease (Mycosphaerella fijiensis, Mycosphaerella musicola); anthracnose (Elsinoe ampelina), ripe rot (Glomerella cingulata), powdery mildew (Uncinula necator), rust (Phakopsora ampelopsidis), black rot (Guignardia bidwellii), and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola); sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), and rape seed damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Rhizoctonia solani); leaf spot (Cercospora per sonata), brown leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), and southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii); caused by bacteria of Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Gibberella spp., Tricoderma spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp., Corticium spp., Phoma spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Diplodia spp.; and Viral diseases of various plants mediated by Polymixa spp. or Olpidium spp; net blister blight (Exobasidium reticulatum), white scab (Elsinoe leucospila), gray blight (Pestalotiopsis sp.), and anthracnose (Colletotrichum theae-sinensis); brown spot (Altemaria longipes), powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum), anthracnose (Colletotrichum tabacum), downy mildew (Peronospora tabacina), and black shank (Phytophthora nicotianae); early blight (Altemaria solani), late blight (Phytophthora infestans), pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica), and powdery scab (Spongospora subterranean f. sp. subterranea); blast (Magnaporthe grisea), brown spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus), sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani), and bakanae disease (Gibberella fujikuroi); purple stain (Cercospora kikuchii), Sphaceloma scad (Elsinoe glycines), pod and stem blight (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae), septoria brown spot (Septoria glycines), Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), phytophthora root and stem rot (Phytophthora sojae), damping-off caused by rhizoctonia fungus (Rhizoctonia solani), target spot (Corynespora casiicola), and sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum); downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii); anthracnose (Colletotrichum lagenarium), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea), gummy stem blight (Mycosphaerella melonis), Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis), Phytophthora rot (Phytophthora sp.), and damping-off (Pythium sp.); early blight (Alternaria solani), leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum), and late blight (Phytophthora infestans); brown spot (Phomopsis vexans), and powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum); Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria japonica), white spot (Cercosporella brassicae), clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae), and downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica); rust (Puccinia allii), and downy mildew (Peronospora destructor); anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemthianum); powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi); blackspot (Diplocarpon rosae), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa), and downy mildew (Peronospora sparsa); downy mildew (Bremia lactucae), leaf blight (Septoria chrysanthemi-indici), and white rust (Puccinia horiana);

[0229] In some embodiments, the plant is a crop plant. The methods of the present invention may be used on any crop plants, including but not limited to beet, cereals, com, cotton, environmental crops, fruits & nuts, grapes / vines, oilseed-rape / canola, plantation, potatoes, rice, soybeans, vegetables & flowers and other crops.

[0230] In some embodiments the methods of the present invention may be used on any crop plants, including but not limited to monocotyledons such as sugar cane, cereals, rice, maize (corn), and / or; or dicotyledon crop such as beets (such as sugar beet or fodder beet); fruits (such as pomes, stone fruits, or soft fruits, for example apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries, or blackberries); leguminous plants (such as beans, lentils, peas, or soybeans); oil plants (such as rape, mustard, poppy, olives, sunflowers, coconut, castor oil plants, cocoa beans, or groundnuts); cucumber plants (such as marrows, cucumbers or melons); fiber plants (such as cotton, flax, hemp, or jute); citrus fruits (such as oranges, lemons, grapefruit, or mandarins); vegetables (such as spinach, lettuce, cabbages, carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, cucurbits, or paprika); lauraceae (such as avocados, cinnamon, or camphor); tobacco; nuts; coffee; tea; vines; hops; durian; bananas; natural rubber plants; and ornamentals (such as flowers, shrubs, broad-leaved trees, or evergreens, for example conifers).

[0231] In some embodiments, the plants are monocotyledonous plants, more preferably, cereals. In a specific embodiment, the cereal crop is wheat. In another specific embodiment, the cereal crop is triticale. In another specific embodiment, the cereal crop is rye. In another specific embodiment, the cereal crop is oat. In a further embodiment, the cereal crop is barley. In another embodiment, the crop plants are rice plants. In still another embodiment, the crop plants are sugar cane plants. In yet another embodiment, the crop plants are corn plants.

[0232] In another embodiment, the crop plants are dicotyledonous plants.

[0233] The combination, mixture or composition disclosed herein may also be used as seed treatment to prevent or control phytopathogenic fungi as described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2018-0000082 (published January 4, 2018), the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.

[0234] In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition of the present invention further comprises at least one additional pesticide. In some embodiments, the pesticide is a fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, acaricides, or nematicide.

[0235] In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition of the present invention further comprises at least one fungicide.

[0236] In some embodiments, the fungicide is a fungicidal sterol biosynthesis inhibitor.

[0237] In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of prothioconazole, epoxiconazole, cyproconazole, myclobutanil, prochloraz, metconazole, difenoconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, fenbuconazole, propiconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, and fenpropimorph.

[0238] In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of prothioconazole, epoxiconazole, metconazole, difenoconazole, propiconazole, prochloraz, tetraconazole, tebuconazole, fenpropimorph, fenpropidin, ipconazole, triticonazole, spiroxamine, fenhexamid, and fenpyrazamine.

[0239] In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is prothioconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is epoxiconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is cyproconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is myclobutanil. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is metconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is difenoconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is propiconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is prochloraz. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is tetraconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is tebuconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is fluquinconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is flusilazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is flutriafol. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is fenpropimorph. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is fenpropidin. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is ipconazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is triticonazole. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is spiroxamin. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is fenhexamid. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is fenpyrazamine. In some embodiments, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is fenbuconazole.

[0240] In some embodiments, the fungicide is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor.

[0241] In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of benzovindiflupyr, penthiopyrad, isopyrazam, fluxapyroxad, boscalid, fluopyram, bixafen, and penflufen.

[0242] In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is benzovindiflupyr. In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is penthiopyrad. In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is isopyrazam. In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is fluxapyroxad. In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is boscalid. In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is fluopyram. In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is bixafen. In some embodiments, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is penflufen.

[0243] In some embodiments, the fungicide is a strobilurin fungicide.

[0244] In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is selected from the group consisting of azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, picoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, trifloxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, dimoxystrobin, and orysastrobin.

[0245] In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin. In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is pyraclostrobin. In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is picoxystrobin. In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is fluoxastrobin. In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is trifloxystrobin. In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is kresoxim-methyl. In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is dimoxystrobin. In some embodiments, the strobilurin fungicide is orysastrobin.

[0246] In some embodiments, the fungicide is a fungicidal multisite inhibitor.

[0247] In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is selected from a group consisting of mancozeb, chlorothalonil, folpet, captan, metiram, maneb, propineb, copper hydroxide, copper octanoate, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper sulfate (tribasic), mancopper, oxine-copper, copper bis(3-phenlsalicylate), copper zinc chromate, cuprous oxide, cupric hydrazinium sulfate, and cuprobam.

[0248] In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is mancozeb. In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is chlorothalonil. In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is folpet. In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is captan. In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is metiram. In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is maneb. In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is propineb. In some embodiments, the fungicidal multisite inhibitor is copper hydroxide, copper octanoate, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper sulfate (tribasic), mancopper, oxine-copper, copper bis(3-phenlsalicylate), copper zinc chromate, cuprous oxide, cupric hydrazinium sulfate, or cuprobam. In some embodiments, the combination, mixture or composition further comprises a pesticide.

[0249] In some embodiments, the pesticide is selected from the group consisting of 2- (thiocyanatomethylthio)-benzothiazole, 2-phenylphenol, 8 -hydroxy quinoline sulfate, ametoctradin, amisulbrom, antimycin, Ampelomyces quisqualis, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis strain QST713, benalaxyl, benomyl, benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, benzylaminobenzene-sulfonate (BABS) salt, bicarbonates, biphenyl, bismerthiazol, bitertanol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, borax, Bordeaux mixture, boscalid, bromuconazole, bupirimate, calcium polysulfide, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamid, carvone, chlazafenone, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, chlozolinate, Coniothyrium minitans, copper hydroxide, copper octanoate, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper sulfate (tribasic), cuprous oxide, cyazofamid, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dazomet, debacarb, diammonium ethylenebis-(dithiocarbamate), dichlofluanid, dichlorophen, diclocymet, diclomezine, dichloran, diethofencarb, difenoconazole, difenzoquat ion, diflumetorim, dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dinobuton, dinocap, diphenylamine, dithianon, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, dodine, dodine free base, edifenphos, enestrobin, enestroburin, epoxiconazole, ethaboxam, ethoxyquin, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fentin, fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, ferbam, ferimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumorph, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluoroimide, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, folpet, formaldehyde, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminum, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furametpyr, guazatine, guazatine acetates, GY-81, hexachlorobenzene, hexaconazole, hymexazol, imazalil, imazalil sulfate, imibenconazole, iminoctadine, iminoctadine triacetate, iminoctadine tris(albesilate), iodocarb, ipconazole, ipfenpyrazolone, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isoprothiolane, isopyrazam, isotianil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, kresoxium-methyl, laminarin, mancopper, mancozeb, mandipropamid, maneb, mefenoxam, mepanipyrim, mepronil, meptyl- dinocap, mercuric chloride, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, metalaxyl, metalaxyl- M, metam, metam- ammonium, metam-potassium, metam-sodium, metconazole, methasulfocarb, methyl iodide, methyl isothiocyanate, metiram, metominostrobin, metrafenone, mildiomycin, myclobutanil, nabam, nitrothal-isopropyl, nuarimol, octhilinone, ofurace, oleic acid (fatty acids), orysastrobin, oxadixyl, oxine-copper, oxpoconazole fumarate, oxycarboxin, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencycuron, penflufen, pentachlorophenol, pentachlorophenyl laurate, penthiopyrad, phenylmercury acetate, phosphonic acid, phthalide, picoxystrobin, polyoxin B, polyoxins, polyoxorim, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazid, prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyrazophos, pyribencarb, pyributicarb, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyriofenone, pyroquilon, quinoclamine, quinoxyfen, quintozene, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract, sedaxane, silthiofam, simeconazole, sodium 2- phenylphenoxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, spiroxamine, sulfur, SYP-Z048, tar oils, tebuconazole, tebufloquin, tecnazene, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thifluzamide, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, tiadinil, tolclofos-methyl, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, triazoxide, tricyclazole, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforine, triticonazole, validamycin, valifenalate, valiphenal, vinclozolin, zineb, ziram, zoxamide, Candida oleophila, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium spp., Phlebiopsis gigantea, Streptomyces griseoviridis, Trichoderma spp., (RS)-N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(methoxymethyl)-succinimide, 1,2- dichloropropane, l,3-dichloro-l,l,3,3-tetrafluoroacetone hydrate, l-chloro-2,4- dinitronaphthalene, l-chloro-2-nitropropane, 2-(2-heptadecyl-2-imidazolin- 1- yl)ethanol, 2,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-l,4-dithi-ine 1,1,4,4-tetraoxide, 2- methoxyethylmercury acetate, 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 2- methoxyethylmercury silicate, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine, 4-(2-nitroprop- l-enyl)phenyl thiocyanateme, ampropylfos, anilazine, azithiram, barium polysulfide, Bayer 32394, benodanil, benquinox, bentaluron, benzamacril, benzamacril-isobutyl, benzamorf, binapacryl, bis(methylmercury) sulfate, bis(tributyltin) oxide, buthiobate, cadmium calcium copper zinc chromate sulfate, carbamorph, CECA, chlobenthiazone, chloraniformethan, chlorfenazole, chlorquinox, climbazole, copper bis(3- phenylsalicylate), copper zinc chromate, cufraneb, cupric hydrazinium sulfate, cuprobam, cyclafuramid, cypendazole, cyprofuram, decafentin, dichlone, dichlozoline, diclobutrazol, dimethirimol, dinocton, dinosulfon, dinoterbon, dipyrithione, ditalimfos, dodicin, drazoxolon, EBP, ESBP, etaconazole, etem, ethirim, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, fenitropan, fluotrimazole, furcarbanil, furconazole, furconazole-cis, furmecyclox, furophanate, glyodine, griseofulvin, halacrinate, Hercules 3944, hexylthiofos, ICIA0858, isopamphos, isovaledione, mebenil, mecarbinzid, metazoxolon, methfuroxam, methylmercury dicyandiamide, metsulfovax, milneb, mucochloric anhydride, myclozolin, N-3,5-dichlorophenyl-succinimide, N-3- nitrophenylitaconimide, natamycin, N-ethylmercurio-4-toluenesulfonanilide, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate), OCH, phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate, phenylmercury nitrate, phosdiphen, prothiocarb, prothiocarb hydrochloride, pyracarbolid, pyridinitril, pyroxychlor, pyroxyfur, quinacetol, quinacetol sulfate, quinazamid, quinconazole, rabenzazole, salicylanilide, SSF-109, sultropen, tecoram, thiadifluor, thicyofen, thiochlorfenphim, thiophanate, thioquinox, tioxymid, triamiphos, triarimol, triazbutil, trichlamide, urbacid, zarilamid, and any combinations thereof.

[0250] In some embodiments, the pesticide is an insecticide. In some embodiments, the pesticide is an acaricides. In some embodiments, the pesticide is a nematicide. In some embodiments, the pesticide is an herbicide.

[0251] Examples of insecticides and acaricides may include, but are not limited to, abamectin, pyriproxyfen, acetamiprid, bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, pymetrozine, novaluron, ethiprole, fipronil, and lambda-cyhalothrin.

[0252] Examples of nematicide may include, but not limited to fluensulfone.

[0253] The present combination, mixture or composition can be applied to fungi or their locus. Application may be made by the use of conventional ground sprayers, granule applicators, and by other conventional means known to those skilled in the art.

[0254] Each embodiment disclosed herein is contemplated as being applicable to each of the other disclosed embodiments. Thus, all combinations of the various elements described herein are within the scope of the invention. In addition, the elements recited in the combination embodiments can be used in the mixture, composition, method and use embodiments described herein and vice versa.

[0255] Synergism Calculation A synergistic effect exists whenever the action of an active ingredient combination is greater than the sum of the actions of the individual components.

[0256] In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S. R. in an article entitled "Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations" published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p. 20- 22. The action expected for a given combination of two active components can be calculated as follows: in which E represents the expected percentage of insecticidal control for the combination of the two active components at defined doses (for example equal to x and y respectively), X is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (I) at a defined dose (equal to x), Y is the percentage of pesticidal control observed by the compound (II) at a defined dose (equal to y). When the percentage of pesticidal control observed for the combination is greater than the expected percentage, there is a synergistic effect.

[0257] While the present subject matter has been shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many alternatives, modifications and variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

[0258] All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference.

[0259] The following examples illustrate the practice of the present subject matter in some of its embodiments, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present subject matter. Other embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and examples. It is intended that the specification, including the examples, is considered exemplary only, without limiting the scope and spirit of the present subject matter.

[0260] EXPERIMENTAL SECTION

[0261] Materials and Methods

[0262] Flumetylsulforim can be prepared as described in international application publications W02015 / 103144, W02015 / 103142, WO 2021 / 059160 and WO2021 / 181274.

[0263] Example

[0264] A series of experiments are conducted to evaluate the fungicidal control of Erysiphe necator (Powdery mildew) in grapes with Flumetylsulforim and fungicide (A): Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pythium oligandum, Thyme oil, Tree Tea Oil, Citrus oil, Potassium bicarbonate, Laminarin or Chitosan. The experiment is conducted by applying Flumetylsulforim and fungicide (A) alone or together. The compositions are diluted in water.

[0265] Treatments list

[0266] The grapevine plants are sprayed with each of the above treatments to test for fungicidal control of plasmopara viticola (downy mildew) in grapes. Each of the above treatments is applied from 1 to 10 times according to the disease development, applications occurring 7-14 days after the previous one. The treatments are composed of 4 replicates.

[0267] Evaluations are performed for the whole duration of the experiment.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED:

1. A fungicidal combination comprising an amount of a flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

2. The combination of claim 1, wherein: a) the combination is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone, b) the amount of the flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound when applied together is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone, and / or c) the amount of the flumetylsulforim applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when the flumetylsulforim is used alone, and / or wherein the amount of the at least one biological compound applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when the at least one biological compound is used alone.

3. The combination of claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one biological compound is a bioinsecticide, a bionematicide, a biofungicide, a bioherbicide or a biostimulant.

4. The combination of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the at least one biological compound is a bioinsecticide.

5. The combination of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the bioinsecticide is selected from microbials and biochemicals6. The combination of claim 5, wherein the microbials are selected from bacteria, fungi / yeast and viruses.

7. The combination of claim 6, wherein the bacteria is selected from bacillus thuringiensis (Bt such as kurstaki, aizawai, tenebrionis, israelensis, spharius, margalitus sp.), chromobacterium substuga and burkholderia rinojensis.

8. The combination of claim 6, wherein the fungi / yeast is selected from beuveria brassiana, lecanicillium muscarium, isaria fumosorosea, metarhizium anisopliae and spinusum spp.

9. The combination of claim 6, wherein the viruses are selected from baculovirus (NPV) & granulovirus, adoxophyes orana, baculovirus helicoverpa armigera, cydia pomonella granulosis, nucleopoliedro virus Spodoptera littoralis, paranosema locustae, and phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita.

10. The combination of claim 5, wherein the biochemicals are selected from plant extracts, fatty acids, pelargonic acid, poacic acid, natamycin, sheepfat, kaolin, (clay), calcium carbonate, maltodextrine, saccharopolyspora spinosa., milbemectin, spinetoram, spinosad, brassinolide sucroglycerides, polyphenols, flavanoides and peptides.

11. The combination of claim 10, wherein the plant extract is selected from capsaicin, garlic extract, chitosan, guayule extract, mustard extract, azadarchitin, oils and pyrethrins.

12. The combination of claim 11, wherein the oils are selected from tyme oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, orange oil, neem oil, citrus oil, olive fatty oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, pine oil, corn oil and sesame oil.

13. The combination of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the at least one biological compound is a bionematicide.

14. The combination of claim 13, wherein the bio nematicide is selected from microbials and biochemicals.

15. The combination of claim 14, wherein the microbials are selected from bacteria and fungi.

16. The combination of claim 15, wherein the bacteria is selected from Bacillus firmus (subtilis), and Bacillus Spp.

17. The combination of claim 15, wherein the fungi is selected from burkolderia rinojensis, paecilomyces spp (lilacinus), pasteuria nizhizawae, metarhizium anisopliae, myrothecium verrucaria, and arthobotrys.

18. The combination of claim 14, wherein the biochemicals are selected from plant extracts, kaolin, clay, saccharopolyspora spinosa., milbemectin, spinetoram, spinosad, polyphenols, flavanoides and peptides.

19. The combination of claim 18, wherein the plant extracts are selected from capsaicin, garlic extract, chitosan, guayule extract, mustard extract, azadarchitin, and oils.

20. The combination of claim 19, wherein the oils are selected from tyme oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, orange oil, neem oil, citrus oil, olive fatty oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, pine oil, corn oil and sesame oil.

21. The combination of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the at least one biological compound is a biofungicide.

22. The combination of claim 21, wherein the biofungicide is selected from microbials and biochemicals.

23. The combination of claim 22, wherein the microbials are selected from bacteria and fungi / yeast.

24. The combination of claim 23, wherein the bacteria is selected from bacillus subtilis, bacillus firmus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and pseudomonas auerofaciens.

25. The combination of claim 23, wherein the fungi / yeast is selected from Trichoderma spp, pseudozyma aphidis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, pithium oligandum, Colletotrichum, tilletiopsis pallescenes, epicoccum nigrum and mycorrhiza of various species, metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassian.

26. The combination of claim 22, wherein the biochemicals are selected from plant extracts, potassium bicarbonate, potassium phosphite, terpenes, fatty acids, poacic acid, natamycin, Laminarin, sheepfat, kaolin, clay, calcium carbonatemaltodextrine, saccharopolyspora spinosa., milbemectin, spinetoram, spinosad, brassinolide sucroglycerides, polyphenols, flavanoides, peptides, and chitosan.

27. The combination of claim 26, wherein the plant extracts are selected from capsaicin, chenopodium ambrosioid, oils, seaweed extracts such as brown kelp - Undaria pinnatifida, guayule extract, mustard extract and azadarchitin.

28. The combination of claim 27, wherein the oils are selected from clove oil, garlic oil, paraffin oil, rosemary oil, tyme oil, oregano oil, tea tree oil, orange oil, neem oil, citrus oil, olive fatty oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, pine oil, corn oil and sesame oil.

29. The combination of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the at least one biological compound is a bioherbicide.

30. The combination of claim 29, wherein the bioherbicide is unsaturated fatty acids, pelargonic acid or acetic acid.

31. The combination of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the at least one biological compound is a biostimulant.

32. The combination of claim 31, wherein the biostimulant is a plant stimulant.

33. The combination of claim 32, wherein the plant stimulant is selected from a seaweed such as ascophillum, microalgae, amino acids, humic acid, fulvic acids, beneficial microbes, phytosterols, brassinosteroids, strigolactones and mycorrhiza.

34. The combination of any one of claims 1-33, wherein weight ratio of the flumetylsulforim to at least one biological compound is from about 400:1 to 1:400.

35. The combination of any one of claims 1-34, wherein the combination has synergistic effect in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection.

36. The combination of any one of claims 1-35, wherein the combination has a synergistic curative effect and / or a synergistic protectant effect.

37. The combination of any one of claims 1-36 further comprising at least one pesticide, at least one stabilizing surfactant, and / or at least one phytologically acceptable adjuvant.

38. A mixture comprising the combination of any one of claims 1-37.

39. The mixture of claim 38, wherein the mixture is a tank mix.

40. A composition comprising the combination of any one of claims 1-37.

41. The composition of claim 40, wherein: a) the composition comprises the flumetylsulforim in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, and / or b) the composition comprises at least one biological compound in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

42. The composition of claim 40 or 41, wherein the composition further comprises a phytologically acceptable carrier.

43. A method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying an amount of a flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound.

44. A method for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection comprising applying an effective amount of the combination, mixture, or composition of any one of claims 1-42 to the plant or locus so as to thereby treat the plant or locus against fungal infection.

45. The method of claim 43 or 44, wherein: a) the method is more effective in treating a plant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone, b) the amount of the flumetylsulforim and the amount of the at least one biological compound when applied together is more effective in treating aplant or locus against fungal infection than when each compound at the same amount is applied alone, c) the amount of the flumetylsulforim applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the flumetylsulforim when the flumetylsulforim is used alone and / or the amount of the at least one biological compound applied is less than the fungicidally effective amount of the at least one biological compound when the at least one biological compound is used alone, d) the method is effective for controlling fungal infection of the plant or locus, and / or e) the method is effective for protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein: a) controlling fungal infection comprises controlling fungal disease infecting the plant or locus, controlling a plant or soil disease caused by phytopathologic fungi, controlling fungal attack on the plant or locus, reducing fungal infection of the plant or locus, and / or curing a plant or soil disease caused by phytopathologic fungi, and / or b) protecting the plant or locus against fungal infection comprises protecting the plant or locus against fungal attack, protecting the plant or locus from fungal disease, and / or preventing fungal infection of the plant or locus.

47. The method of any one of claims 43-46, wherein: a) the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied to propagation material of the plant, b) the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied to seed and / or seedling of the plant, c) the method comprises a protectant application of the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound,d) the method comprises a curative application of the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound, e) the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied simultaneously or contemporaneously, f) the flumetylsulforim and the at least one biological compound are applied separately or together, g) the method is effective for reducing leaf necrosis, h) the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount from 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha, and / or i) the at least one biological compound is applied at an amount from 0.1 g / ha to 4000 g / ha.

48. The method of any one of claims 43-47, wherein the flumetylsulforim is applied at an amount of 1 g / ha or 500 g / ha.

49. A method for controlling a plant disease caused by phytopathologic fungi comprising contacting the plant or a locus of the plant with an effective amount the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 so as to thereby control the plant disease.

50. A method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 to the plant, seed, seedling and / or a locus of the plant so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

51. A method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 to the plant, seed, seedling and / or locus of the plant so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

52. A method of treating a plant, seed or seedling to produce a plant resistant to fungal attack, the method comprising applying the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 to the plant, seed adapted to produce the plant, seeding adapted to produce the plant, or a locus of the plant so as tothereby produce a plant resistant to fungal attack.

53. A method of protecting a plant from fungal attack, the method comprising applying the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 to the to the plant, a locus of the plant, or a seed or seedling adapted to produce the plant so as to thereby protect the plant from fungal attack.

54. A plant resistant to fungal attack, wherein the seed adapted to produce the plant, the seedling adapted to produce the plant, or a locus of plant is treated with the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42.

55. A plant seed or seedling adapted to produce a plant resistant to fungal attack, wherein the plant seed or seedling is treated with the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42.

56. A method for the controlling fungal attack on a plant comprising applying the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 to soil, plant, root, foliage, seed, locus of the fungus, and / or a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant.

57. A method for the controlling plant and / or soil fungal diseases comprising applying the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 to soil, plant, root, foliage, seed, locus of the fungus, and / or a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented so as to thereby control plant and / or soil fungal diseases.

58. A method for controlling plant disease caused by phytopathologic fungi comprising contacting the plant, propagation material of the plant, or a locus of the plant with an amount of a flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby control the plant disease.

59. A method for controlling fungal attack on a plant, seed or seedling comprising applying to the plant, seed, seedling and / or a locus of the plant an amount of a flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby control fungal attack on the plant, seed or seedling.

60. A method for protecting a plant, seed or seedling from fungal attack comprising applying to the plant, seed, seedling and / or locus of the plant an amount of a flumetylsulforim and an amount of at least one biological compound, so as to thereby protect the plant, seed or seedling from fungal attack.

61. Use of the combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 for treating a plant or locus against fungal infection.

62. The combination, mixture or composition of any one of claims 1-42 for use to treat a plant or locus against fungal infection.

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