Extrusion nozzle with a removable plate for discharging an extruded profile
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SAINT GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-08
Smart Images
Figure EP2024070266_06032025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Extrusion nozzle with a removable plate for dispensing a profile strand
[0002] The invention relates to an extrusion nozzle, an extrusion device, a method for extrusion and the use of the extrusion nozzle.
[0003] The manufacture of seals for various vehicle components is of great importance in the automotive industry. Vehicle glazing, in particular, must be provided with sealing elements before installation in the designated areas of the body. Commonly used sealing elements include polymers such as polyurethanes, polyolefins, polysulfides, polyepoxides, natural rubber, nitrile rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), RTV (room-temperature-curing) silicone rubber, and HTV.
[0004] (high-temperature curing) silicone rubber, peroxide curing
[0005] Silicone rubber, addition-curing silicone rubber, polyacrylates, and / or thermoplastic elastomers. These sealing elements serve to manage water and can prevent moisture penetration. Furthermore, they prevent the development of annoying driving noises such as whistling noises in the passenger compartment.
[0006] Another important function is the stress-free, reproducible, and stable insertion of the glazing into the designated recess in the vehicle body. An established method for producing seals for a window is the extrusion and subsequent curing of a polymer mass, such as polyurethane, into a profile strand, or cooling when using thermoplastic materials. If necessary, a primer can also be applied in preparation. The profile strand is formed either at the molecular level, for example through living polymerization, chain polymerization, polycondensation, polyaddition, or, in the case of thermoplastic elastomers, by heating and subsequent cooling. To improve the elastic properties, polymer crosslinking can follow, for example through increased temperature, air humidity, or the addition of oxygen.For better integration into the body and to increase stability and tightness, the profile strand often includes support lips (sealing lips, centering). These lips can be manufactured simultaneously as part of the profile strand using appropriately shaped extrusion dies. The position, size, and shape of the profile strand can vary depending on the windshield geometry.
[0007] It is desirable to provide glazing comprising a pane with a seal, the seal being flush with a surface of the pane. Such glazing is aesthetically pleasing and prevents the deposition of dirt that could accumulate in a gap between the seal and the pane in a non-flush arrangement.
[0008] EP2799201A1 discloses a method and a mold for producing a disk assembly comprising a disk and a seal, wherein the seal can be flush with a surface of the disk. A low-viscosity composition is used in the manufacturing process to form the seal, which is poured into an open or semi-open mold. Due to the use of the low-viscosity composition, a complex machine design and an equally complex manufacturing process are required.
[0009] EP 0 707 937 A1 discloses a device for extruding polymer frames onto plate-shaped bodies.
[0010] US 5 057 265 A discloses a method for manufacturing a spacer for a windshield mount.
[0011] EP 0 493 069 B1 discloses a plate with a frame.
[0012] JP H10 58513 A discloses the manufacture of a window body having a frame body made of a synthetic resin.
[0013] The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing an extrusion nozzle by means of which a glazing can be produced simply and inexpensively, said glazing comprising a pane and a seal, wherein the seal is flush with a surface of the pane.
[0014] The object of the present invention is achieved by an extrusion die according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are set forth in the subclaims. The invention also relates to an extrusion device comprising the extrusion die, a method for extrusion using the extrusion device, and the use of the extrusion die for extruding a profile strand.
[0015] The extrusion die according to the invention for dispensing a profile strand comprises: an extrusion die body with an extrusion die head, wherein the extrusion die head has a U-shaped opening and comprises a leg, wherein the leg delimits the U-shaped opening on one side and comprises a removable plate with a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface of the removable plate delimits the U-shaped opening, and at least three extrusion die openings arranged in the extrusion die head, wherein at least one extrusion die opening is adjacent to the leg and at least one extrusion die opening is arranged in a bulge in the extrusion die head.
[0016] According to the invention, the extrusion die is suitable for extruding a profile strand. This means that, in an extrusion process, a polymer can be formed into a profile strand via the extrusion die according to the invention. The extruded profile strand can be used, after the polymer has cured, as a seal for glazing, in particular vehicle glazing. Curing can occur through a chemical reaction caused by the extruded polymer itself, through the absorption of moisture in the air, or through a physical change, such as a phase change due to cooling.
[0017] The extrusion die according to the invention comprises an extrusion die body with an extrusion die head. For the purposes of the invention, an "extrusion die head" is understood to be the part of the extrusion die body from which the extrudate emerges in an extrusion process. According to the invention, at least three extrusion die openings are arranged in the extrusion die head.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extrusion nozzle body comprises a connecting element on a first side and the extrusion nozzle head on a second side. The connecting element is designed to connect the extrusion nozzle to a mass-conveying means. The connection between the connecting element and the mass-conveying means can be, for example, a screw connection or a plug connection. The extrusion nozzle body can be firmly connected to the connecting element or be designed as a single piece. The connecting element can have a groove and a reference pin and can be attached to the optionally provided robot described below by means of a nut.
[0019] The extrusion die body preferably comprises at least one metal selected from iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, titanium, manganese, aluminum, niobium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. The extrusion die body is particularly preferably made of steel. According to a further embodiment, the extrusion die body comprises a temperature-stable plastic.
[0020] For example, the extrusion nozzle is manufactured using a 3D printing process or by injection molding.
[0021] According to the invention, the extrusion die head has a U-shaped opening. The U-shaped opening represents a recess in the extrusion die head itself and is different from the extrusion die openings. Accordingly, the extrusion die head comprises a section of curve that borders the curve of the U-shaped opening. The U-shaped opening is suitable for receiving a disk at its edge. This means that the disk is arranged in the U-shaped opening such that the side edge of the disk is aligned with the curve of the U-shaped opening. In other words, the U-shaped opening encloses the disk.
[0022] According to the present invention, the extrusion die head comprises a leg that defines the U-shaped opening on one side. The leg is preferably formed integrally with the extrusion die head. For the purposes of the invention, the "leg" is understood to mean a part of the extrusion die head that has a greater extension in one spatial direction than in the other two spatial directions. The spatial direction of the greater extension is preferably parallel to the straight parts of the U-shaped opening.
[0023] According to the invention, the leg comprises a removable plate. For the purposes of the invention, "removable" means that the plate can be easily removed from its position in the leg. In particular, the removable plate is not formed integrally with the leg. The removable plate has a first surface, a second surface, and a circumferential side edge extending therebetween, wherein the first surface of the removable plate defines the U-shaped opening of the extrusion die head. The first surface of the removable plate is suitable for contacting a surface of a disk. By making contact, a profile strand can easily be formed that is flush with the surface of the disk that is in contact with the first surface of the removable plate. For the purposes of the invention, "flush" means that the corresponding parts are arranged in one plane.In particular, the first surface of the removable plate represents the contact surface between the disc and the extrusion die in an extrusion process. Contact between the first surface of the removable plate and the disc surface is maintained throughout the extrusion of the profile strand, so that the profile strand is flush with the disc surface throughout the entire area where it has been applied to the disc. This also means that the disc surface in contact with the first surface of the removable plate does not have any profile strand as a result of the extrusion process.
[0024] Because the plate is designed to be removable, it can be easily replaced after a certain period of use. This can be advantageous, for example, due to wear or contamination of the removable plate. Since the extrusion die only contacts the disc via the first surface of the removable plate, wear primarily affects this area. It is therefore sufficient to replace only the removable plate after a certain period of use; it is not necessary to replace the entire extrusion die. Accordingly, the use of the extrusion die according to the invention enables simple and cost-effective production of a profile extrusion on a disc.
[0025] Furthermore, according to one embodiment, the separability of the removable plate from the remaining extrusion die body allows different materials to be used for the removable plate and the remaining extrusion die body. Preferably, a harder material is used for the removable plate than for the remaining extrusion die body, since the use of a hard material, such as a hard metal, can easily prevent scratches on the surface of the disc that is in contact with the removable plate during the extrusion process.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the first surface and the second surface of the removable plate each have a width and a length of 8 mm to 12 mm, preferably 9 mm to 11 mm, even more preferably 9.5 mm to 10.5 mm. Preferably, the first surface and the second surface of the removable plate each represent a square area. In a preferred embodiment, the removable plate has a height of 1 mm to 3 mm, more preferably 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm, along the side edge.
[0027] Preferably, the removable plate is arranged in a recess in the leg. The recess allows the removable plate to be advantageously held in the leg. According to a further preferred embodiment, the recess is a dovetail groove. Preferably, the removable plate is inserted into the leg counter to the feed direction. The "feed direction" is the direction in which the extrusion nozzle is moved during the extrusion process. By inserting the removable plate into the leg counter to the feed direction, it is easy to prevent the removable plate from slipping out of its position in the leg during the extrusion process. Preferably, the leg comprises a limit stop that contacts the removable plate at least in one region of its side edge.More preferably, the boundary contacts the side edge of the removable plate in a region arranged opposite to the feed direction. This allows the removable plate to be easily held in position during the extrusion process. In one embodiment, the boundary comprises at least one cuboid, preferably at least two cuboids.
[0028] The removable platelet preferably comprises at least one metal selected from iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, titanium, manganese, aluminum, niobium, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, and vanadium. More preferably, the removable platelet is made of metal. Most preferably, the removable platelet is made of a hard metal. A hard metal is a composite material in which at least one hard material, present in the form of small particles, is held together by a metal matrix. The hard material is preferably at least one of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide, tantalum carbide, and vanadium carbide. The metal of the hard metal is preferably at least one of cobalt, nickel, and molybdenum. By using a hard metal, scratches on the surface of the disc that comes into contact with the removable platelet during the extrusion process can be easily avoided.According to a further embodiment, the removable plate comprises a temperature-stable plastic.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion die head further comprises a fastening means on which the removable plate is arranged in the leg. With the aid of the fastening means, the removable plate can, on the one hand, be particularly easily held in its position in the leg during an extrusion process and, on the other hand, contact between the first surface of the removable plate and the surface of the disc can be easily ensured during an extrusion process. Preferably, the fastening means is designed such that it exerts pressure on the second surface of the removable plate when the first surface of the removable plate is in contact with the surface of the disc.By applying pressure, a good contact between the first surface of the removable plate and the surface of the disc can be easily achieved continuously during an extrusion process, whereby a profile strand can be easily formed which is flush with the surface of the disc which is in contact with the first surface of the removable plate.
[0030] In one embodiment, the fastening means comprises a ball and a recess, wherein the ball is partially arranged in the recess such that it protrudes from the recess, and the ball is in contact with the second surface of the removable plate. Due to the only partial arrangement in the recess, the ball can exert pressure on the second surface of the removable plate when the first surface of the removable plate comes into contact with the surface of the disc during an extrusion process, whereby good contact between the first surface of the removable plate and the surface of the disc can be easily achieved. The cross-section of the recess in plan view is preferably round. More preferably, the recess has a cylindrical shape.The recess in which the ball is partially arranged is preferably formed in the depression in which the removable plate is preferably arranged in the leg. A spring is preferably arranged beneath the ball, which pushes the ball upward. "Below the ball" here means the side of the ball facing away from the removable plate. Further preferably, the fastening means is a ball thrust piece.
[0031] According to the invention, the extrusion die comprises at least three extrusion die openings. In one embodiment of the invention, the extrusion die comprises at least four extrusion die openings. The number of extrusion die openings is variable and depends on the desired shape of the profile strand, provided that at least three extrusion die openings are present.
[0032] Preferably, the at least three extrusion die openings are arranged in the extrusion die head such that they are open in the direction opposite to the feed direction. This makes it easy to achieve continuous extrusion of the profile strand with a uniform profile.
[0033] According to the present invention, at least one extrusion die opening is adjacent to the leg. Preferably, this at least one extrusion die opening opens into at least one region of the extrusion die head that borders the first surface of the removable plate. This arrangement makes it easy to ensure that the profile strand is flush with the surface of the disc that is in contact with the first surface of the removable plate during an extrusion process.
[0034] In one embodiment, at least one extrusion die opening is arranged at least in the area of the extrusion die head located on the side of the U-shaped opening opposite the leg. This arrangement allows the profile strand to be applied to the surface of the pane opposite the surface of the pane with which the profile strand is flush. This allows for a good seal of the glazing, for example, when the glazing is installed in a car body.
[0035] According to the invention, at least one extrusion nozzle opening is arranged in a recess in the extrusion nozzle head. This allows a lip to be easily formed in the profile strand. The lip can provide advantageous sealing when the glazing is installed, for example, in a car body. Preferably, at least one extrusion nozzle opening is arranged in the area of the curve of the extrusion nozzle head, adjacent to the curve of the U-shaped opening. This allows the extrudate exiting through it to easily bond with the extrudate from other extrusion nozzle openings.
[0036] In one embodiment of the invention, each of the extrusion die openings has a minimum opening area of at least 1 mm 2 In one embodiment, each of the extrusion die openings has a maximum opening area of at most 100 mm 2 on.
[0037] According to one embodiment, the extrusion nozzle further comprises at least two feed channels. According to another embodiment of the invention, the extrusion nozzle comprises at least three feed channels. In another embodiment of the invention, the extrusion nozzle comprises at least four feed channels.
[0038] Preferably, the at least two feed channels are arranged in the connecting element located on a first side of the extrusion die body. With four feed channels, these can be arranged in two consecutive rows.
[0039] The cross-sectional shape of the at least two supply channels is not particularly restricted. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the at least two supply channels corresponds to a circular shape.
[0040] In one embodiment of the invention, a feed channel extends through the extrusion nozzle body to a respective extrusion nozzle opening.
[0041] In one embodiment, the extrusion nozzle has a number of separate feed channels that is identical to the number of extrusion nozzle openings. In particular, the feed channels on the first side of the extrusion nozzle body have a circular cross-section, and the cross-section changes along the extrusion nozzle body to the cross-sectional area of the extrusion nozzle opening. For example, the extrusion nozzle can have four extrusion nozzle openings. In this case, the extrusion nozzle expediently has four feed channels that run separately from one another through the extrusion nozzle body. The shape of the channels changes from an entry shape at the inlet of the feed channels to the shape of the extrusion nozzle openings.
[0042] The opening area of each feed channel is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected by the skilled person depending on the polymer used and the desired flow rate.
[0043] The extrusion die head preferably comprises a front recess that has the shape of the desired profile strand and extends from the frontmost region of the extrusion die head in a plan view of the extrusion die in the feed direction to the region of the extrusion die head in which the at least three extrusion die openings are arranged. This allows the emerging extrudate to be easily formed into the desired profile strand.
[0044] The invention further comprises an extrusion device comprising the extrusion nozzle according to the invention and a mass-promoting means connected to the extrusion nozzle, wherein the extrusion device is configured to receive a disc having a first surface, a second surface and a side edge arranged between the first surface and the second surface, edge-side in the U-shaped opening of the extrusion nozzle head, so that the first surface of the removable plate is in contact with the first surface of the disc.
[0045] The embodiments described above in connection with the extrusion nozzle according to the invention also apply in the same way to the extrusion device according to the invention.
[0046] The mass-conveying means comprised by the extrusion device is not particularly limited, as long as it is suitable for conveying a mass, i.e., a polymer mass. For example, the mass-conveying means can be an extruder, a piston feeder, or a gear pump. Corresponding means are well known to those skilled in the art. According to the invention, the mass-conveying means is connected to the extrusion die. Preferably, the mass-conveying means is connected to the extrusion die via the connecting element described above.
[0047] According to the invention, the extrusion device is configured to receive a disc having a first surface, a second surface, and a side edge arranged between the first surface and the second surface, on the edge side, in the U-shaped opening of the extrusion die head, such that the first surface of the removable plate is in contact with the first surface of the disc. By contacting the first surface of the removable plate with the first surface of the disc, a profile strand can be formed that is flush with the first surface of the disc. The first surface of the removable plate is in contact with the first surface of the disc during an extrusion process.In a preferred embodiment, the first surface of the removable plate presses against the first surface of the disc during an extrusion process, ensuring good contact during the extrusion process. The pressure can be applied, for example, using the aforementioned fastening means.
[0048] Preferably, at least 60%, more preferably at least 65%, and even more preferably at least 70%, of the first surface of the removable plate is in contact with the first surface of the disc during an extrusion process. This ensures good contact during an extrusion process.
[0049] Preferably, at most 95%, more preferably at most 90%, even more preferably at most 85%, of the first surface of the removable plate is in contact with the first surface of the disc during an extrusion process. This makes it easy to produce a profile strand that is flush with the first surface of the disc. In addition, the surface of the removable plate that projects beyond the side edge of the disc can be used as a flow surface for the discharged polymer. If the first surface of the removable plate were completely, i.e. 100%, in contact with the first surface of the disc, it would be more difficult to achieve a flush formation of the profile strand. In this case, the side edge of the removable plate could be flush with the side edge of the disc in order to achieve a flush formation of the profile strand.In a preferred embodiment, the removable plate protrudes by at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, beyond the side edge of the disc during an extrusion process.
[0050] The pane, which can be arranged in the extrusion device according to the invention, comprises a first surface, a second surface, and a side edge arranged between the first surface and the second surface. The pane is preferably made of glass, particularly preferably of soda-lime glass, as is common for window panes. However, the pane can also be made of another type of glass, for example, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass, or of rigid, clear plastics, for example, polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
[0051] The thickness of the disc can vary widely and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. If the disc is designed as a monolithic disc, it preferably has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 1 mm to 3 mm, and most preferably 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm.
[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pane is a composite pane comprising at least in the following order: an outer pane having an outer surface and an inner surface, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and an inner pane having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the outer surface of the outer pane corresponds to the first surface of the pane.
[0053] As described above, the outer pane and the inner pane each have an outside surface, i.e., an outer surface, and an inside surface, i.e., an inner surface, and a circumferential side edge running therebetween. For the purposes of the invention, the term "outer surface" refers to the main surface intended to face the outside environment in the installed position. For the purposes of the invention, the term "inner surface" refers to the main surface intended to face the interior in the installed position. The inner surface of the outer pane and the outer surface of the inner pane face each other in the composite pane.
[0054] The surfaces of the laminated pane are typically designated as follows: The outer surface of the outer pane is designated as Side I. The inner surface of the outer pane is designated as Side II. The outer surface of the inner pane is designated as Side III. The inner surface of the inner pane is designated as Side IV.
[0055] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the outer pane corresponds to the first surface of the pane. This allows the production of a profile strip that is flush with the outer surface of the outer pane.
[0056] If the composite pane is intended to separate an interior space from the exterior environment in a window opening of a vehicle or building, the inner pane, within the meaning of the invention, refers to the pane facing the interior (vehicle interior). The outer pane refers to the pane facing the exterior environment.
[0057] The outer pane and inner pane are preferably made of glass, particularly preferably soda-lime glass, as is common for window panes. However, the panes can also be made of other types of glass, such as quartz glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass, or of rigid, clear plastics, such as polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. The panes can be clear, tinted, or colored. If the laminated pane is used as a windshield, the outer pane and inner pane should have sufficient light transmission in the central viewing area, preferably at least 70% in the main viewing area A according to ECE-R43. The outer pane and inner pane are preferably curved, i.e., they have a bend.
[0058] The thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary widely and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. The outer pane and the inner pane preferably each have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, more preferably of 1 mm to 3 mm, most preferably of 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm. For example, the outer pane has a thickness of 2.1 mm and the inner pane a thickness of 1.6 mm. However, the outer pane or, in particular, the inner pane can also be thin glass with a thickness of, for example, 0.55 mm.
[0059] The composite pane comprises a thermoplastic intermediate layer. The thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (PU), or mixtures or copolymers, for example block copolymers, or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and additives known to those skilled in the art, such as plasticizers.
[0060] The thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
[0061] In one embodiment, the extrusion device comprises a support. According to a preferred embodiment, the sheet rests on the support during an extrusion process. The support is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for supporting and / or securing the sheet during an extrusion process. Supports known to those skilled in the art can be used. Preferably, the support comprises a table. More preferably, a frame suitable for receiving a sheet is arranged on the table. Particularly preferably, the frame has a curvature in the contact area with the sheet that corresponds to the curvature of the sheet.
[0062] The extrusion device preferably comprises a robot for holding (and guiding) the extrusion die. Furthermore, a control, in particular a regulation, of the conveying rate of the polymer being extruded can be provided. Furthermore, a sensor can be provided for detecting the position and / or orientation of the disk and / or components thereof.
[0063] In one embodiment, the extrusion device comprises a compensating means arranged between the preferably present robot and the extrusion nozzle. The compensating means is suitable for compensating for path differences between the robot and the extrusion nozzle caused by any bending tolerances in the disc, if the disc is curved. The compensating means can, for example, be a spring or a means controlled by compressed air.
[0064] The extrusion device according to the invention can be used to produce glazing, preferably vehicle glazing, in particular windshield, or building glazing, which comprises a pane with a first surface, a second surface and a side edge arranged between the first surface and the second surface, and a profile strand, wherein the profile strand is arranged on the side edge of the pane and on the second surface of the pane and wherein the profile strand is flush with the first surface of the pane. Preferably, the profile strand comprises a lip arranged at the level of the second surface of the pane, facing away from the pane. The seal of the glazing is finally obtained by the curing of the polymer forming the extruded profile strand.
[0065] The invention further comprises a method for the continuous extrusion of a profile strand onto a disc, comprising at least
[0066] Providing the extrusion device according to the invention,
[0067] Providing a disc having a first surface, a second surface and a side edge arranged between the first surface and the second surface, and
[0068] Applying a polymer via the extrusion nozzle of the extrusion device to the side edge of the disc and to the second surface of the disc.
[0069] The method according to the invention is also referred to here as an "extrusion method." According to the invention, extrusion takes place continuously. This means that the extrusion die is moved in a feed direction during the process, thereby forming the profile strand. While the profile strand is formed along the side edge of the pane and on the second surface of the pane using the method according to the invention, the corner geometries of the resulting seal are preferably realized using a subsequent process step involving corner injection.
[0070] The embodiments described above in connection with the extrusion die and the extrusion device according to the invention also apply equally to the method according to the invention. This also includes the embodiments of the profile strand and the disc.
[0071] Preferably, the first surface of the removable plate presses against the first surface of the disc during the procedure. The pressure can be applied, for example, using the aforementioned fastening means.
[0072] The polymer used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for extrusion. In particular, it is necessary to maintain the extruded polymer in a certain shape corresponding to the profile strand until it is cured as the ultimately desired gasket. Accordingly, the viscosity of the polymer is preferably in a range of 300,000 mPa s to 1,000,000 mPa s, more preferably in a range of 600,000 mPa s to 6,000,000 mPa s, under conditions of 23°C and a shear rate of 1 / s. If the viscosity of the polymer is lower than the above-mentioned value, it is difficult to form the extruded polymer into a certain shape or to maintain a certain shape until the extruded polymer is cured. On the other hand, if the viscosity is higher than the above-mentioned value, the extrusion pressure may become excessively high.
[0073] In one embodiment of the invention, the polymer comprises at least one of polyurethane, polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polysulfide, polyepoxide, natural rubber, nitrile rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, RTV (room temperature curing) silicone rubber, HTV (high temperature curing) silicone rubber, peroxide curing
[0074] Silicone rubber, addition-curing silicone rubber, polyacrylate, silane-modified polymer and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
[0075] A silane-modified polymer is composed of a polymer chain, a linking group, and a hydrolyzable silane unit. The polymer chain is preferably one of a polyether polyol, a polyester, a polycarbonate, a polyacrylate, a polyolefin, and a polyurethane. The linking group is preferably one of a carbamate, an alkyl group, and a urea group. The crosslinkable silane is preferably a dimethoxymethylsilyl group or a trimethoxysilyl group.
[0076] The thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) preferably comprises at least one of TPO (olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer) such as polypropylene (PP) and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), TPV (thermoplastic vulcanizate), TPU (urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer) and TPS (styrene-based thermoplastic block copolymer) such as styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS).
[0077] The polymer is preferably a polyurethane. More preferably, the polymer is a polyurethane having a viscosity in a range from 300,000 mPa s to 1,000,000 mPa s, more preferably in a range from 600,000 mPa s to 6,000,000 mPa s, under conditions of 23°C and a shear rate of 1 / s. By using such a polymer in the process according to the invention, a seal that is flush with the surface of a window can be produced simply and cost-effectively. The viscosity can be determined using a viscometer as follows: Viscolab MC 10 viscometer, Z-5 DIN system, at 23°C and a shear rate of 1 / s; ramp measurement: 2 minutes 0 to 1 / s; 1 minute at 1 / s; 2 minutes 1 to 0 / s; measured value: 1st value of the backward curve at 1 / s.
[0078] The invention further encompasses the use of the extrusion die according to the invention for extruding a profile strand onto a pane for producing vehicle glazing or building glazing. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the vehicle glazing is a windshield.
[0079] The various embodiments of the invention can be implemented individually or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the specified combinations, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0080] The invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way. They show:
[0081] Fig. 1 is a view of an embodiment of the extrusion nozzle 1 according to the invention,
[0082] Fig. 2 is a further view of the embodiment of the extrusion nozzle 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1,
[0083] Fig. 3 is a view of an embodiment of the extrusion device 100 according to the invention,
[0084] Fig. 4 is a further view of the embodiment of the extrusion device 100 according to the invention shown in Fig. 3,
[0085] Fig. 5 is a representation of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for the continuous extrusion of a profile strand onto a disc 200 and
[0086] Fig. 6 is a view of a glazing 400 that can be produced with the present invention. Figures 1 and 2 show views of an embodiment of the extrusion nozzle 1 according to the invention. The extrusion nozzle 1 comprises an extrusion nozzle body 2 with an extrusion nozzle head 3, wherein the extrusion nozzle head 3 has a U-shaped opening 4 and comprises a leg 5, wherein the leg 5 delimits the U-shaped opening 4 on one side and comprises a removable plate 6 with a first surface 7 and a second surface 8, wherein the first surface 7 of the removable plate 6 delimits the U-shaped opening 4, and four extrusion nozzle openings 9, 10, 11, 12 that are arranged in the extrusion nozzle head 3, wherein one extrusion nozzle opening 9 is adjacent to the leg 5.An extrusion die opening 10 is arranged in a region of the extrusion die head 3 that is located on the side of the U-shaped opening 4 opposite the leg 5. An extrusion die opening 11 is arranged in a recess in the extrusion die head 3, so that it is suitable for forming a lip of the profile strand. An extrusion die opening 12 is arranged between the extrusion die openings 9 and 10, so that the extrudate exiting through it can easily join the extrudate from the extrusion die openings 9 and 10.
[0087] According to the embodiment, the four extrusion nozzle openings 9, 10, 11, 12 are arranged in the extrusion nozzle head 3 such that they are open in the direction opposite to the feed direction V.
[0088] Preferably, the extrusion nozzle body 2 comprises a connecting element (not shown) on a first side and the extrusion nozzle head 3 on a second side.
[0089] The extrusion die head 3 shown in the embodiment further comprises a fastening means 13 on which the removable plate 6 is arranged in the leg 5. The fastening means 13 comprises a ball 14 and a recess 15, wherein the ball 14 is partially arranged in the recess 15 so that it protrudes from the recess 15, and the ball 14 is in contact with the second surface 8 of the removable plate 6.
[0090] In the embodiment shown, the extrusion nozzle body 2 further comprises four feed channels 16, 17, 18, 19. The four feed channels 16, 17, 18, 19 are arranged in two consecutive rows. Each of the feed channels 16, 17, 18, 19 extends through the extrusion nozzle body 2 to one of the extrusion nozzle openings 9, 10, 11, 12.
[0091] In the embodiment, the removable plate 6 is arranged in a recess in the leg 5. As shown in the embodiment according to Figure 2, the removable plate 6 is inserted into the leg 5 counter to the feed direction V. The leg 5 according to the embodiment comprises a boundary 20 that contacts the removable plate in two regions of its lateral edge. The boundary 20 contacts the lateral edge of the removable plate 6 in a region arranged counter to the feed direction V. In the embodiment shown, the boundary comprises two cuboids that contact the removable plate 6 at its corner regions of the lateral edge.
[0092] Figures 3 and 4 show views of an embodiment of the extrusion device 100 according to the invention. In particular, Figure 3 shows the embodiment of the extrusion device 100 before the polymer or the extrudate exits through the extrusion die openings 9, 10, 11, 12. Figure 4, on the other hand, shows the embodiment of the extrusion device 100 at the time when the extrudate has already exited the extrusion die openings 9, 10, 11, 12 and the profile strand is being formed accordingly. For simplicity of illustration, the upper region of the extrusion die 1 is not shown and is only indicated by the dashed line.
[0093] The extrusion device 100 comprises the extrusion nozzle 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 according to an embodiment of the invention and a mass-promoting means (not shown) connected to the extrusion nozzle 1. A disc having a first surface, a second surface, and a side edge arranged between the first surface and the second surface is arranged edge-side in the U-shaped opening 4 of the extrusion nozzle head 3. The first surface 7 of the removable plate 6 is in contact with the first surface of the disc.
[0094] In the embodiment shown, the pane is a composite pane 300 comprising, in the following order: an outer pane 301 having an outer surface I and an inner surface II, a thermoplastic intermediate layer 302, and an inner pane 303 having an outer surface III and an inner surface IV, wherein the outer surface I of the outer pane 301 corresponds to the first surface of the pane. Accordingly, the outer surface I of the outer pane 301 is in contact with the first surface 7 of the removable plate 6.
[0095] Preferably, the mass-promoting means (not shown) is connected to the extrusion nozzle 1 via the preferably present connecting element (not shown).
[0096] In the embodiment shown, the extrusion device 100 comprises a support 101 on which the disc rests.
[0097] Figures 3 and 4 show a cross-sectional view of the fastening means 13. The arrow below the ball 14 indicates that the ball 14 exerts pressure on the second surface 8 of the removable plate 6. In the illustration shown, the ball 14 protrudes into the removable plate 6. However, this is only intended to illustrate the pressure exerted by the ball 14 and does not necessarily show a material deformation of the removable plate 6. The ball 14 itself can experience pressure exerted from below, so that it exerts pressure on the second surface 8 of the removable plate 6. This pressure is preferably exerted by a spring arranged beneath the ball 14.
[0098] Figure 5 shows an illustration of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for the continuous extrusion of a profile strand onto a disc 200. The method according to the invention for the continuous extrusion of a profile strand onto a disc 200 comprises at least
[0099] Providing the extrusion device 100 according to the invention,
[0100] Providing a disc 200 having a first surface 201, a second surface 202 and a side edge 203 arranged between the first surface 201 and the second surface 202, and
[0101] Applying a polymer via the extrusion nozzle 1 of the extrusion device 100 to the side edge 203 of the disc 200 and to the second surface 202 of the disc 200.
[0102] For ease of illustration, the upper portion of the extrusion nozzle 1 and the mass conveying means are not shown.
[0103] The extrusion nozzle 1 is moved in a feed direction V during the process, whereby the profile strand is formed. Figure 6 shows a view of a glazing 400 that can be produced using the present invention. The glazing 400 comprises a laminated pane 300, which comprises in the following order: - an outer pane 301 with an outer surface I and an inner surface II, a thermoplastic intermediate layer 302 and an inner pane 303 with an outer surface III and an inner surface IV, and a profile strand 401, arranged on the side edge 304 of the laminated pane 300 and on the inner surface IV of the inner pane 303, wherein the profile strand 401 is flush with the outer surface I of the outer pane 301. The profile strand 401 comprises a lip 402, which is arranged at the level of the inner surface IV of the inner pane 303, pointing away from the laminated pane 300.
[0104] List of reference symbols
[0105] 1 extrusion nozzle
[0106] 2 extrusion die bodies
[0107] 3 Extrusion die head
[0108] 4 U-shaped opening
[0109] 5 legs
[0110] 6 removable plates
[0111] 7 first surface of the removable plate
[0112] 8 second surface of the removable plate
[0113] 9 Extrusion nozzle opening
[0114] 10 Extrusion nozzle opening
[0115] 11 Extrusion nozzle opening
[0116] 12 Extrusion nozzle opening
[0117] 13 Fasteners
[0118] 14 balls
[0119] 15 Recess
[0120] 16 feed channel
[0121] 17 Feed channel
[0122] 18 feed channel
[0123] 19 Feed channel
[0124] 20 Limitation
[0125] 100 extrusion device
[0126] 101st edition
[0127] 200 slices
[0128] 201 first surface
[0129] 202 second surface 203 side edge
[0130] 300 Composite pane 301 Outer pane
[0131] 302 thermoplastic intermediate layer 303 inner pane 304 side edge I outer surface of the outer pane
[0132] II Inner surface of the outer pane
[0133] III Outer surface of the inner pane
[0134] IV Inner surface of the inner pane
[0135] 400 Glazing 401 Profile strand 402 Lip
[0136] V feed direction
Claims
Patent claims 1. Extrusion nozzle (1) for dispensing a profile strand, comprising: an extrusion nozzle body (2) with an extrusion nozzle head (3), wherein the extrusion nozzle head (3) has a U-shaped opening (4) and comprises a leg (5), wherein the leg (5) delimits the U-shaped opening (4) on one side and comprises a removable plate (6) with a first surface (7) and a second surface (8), wherein the first surface (7) of the removable plate (6) delimits the U-shaped opening (4), and at least three extrusion nozzle openings (9, 10, 11, 12) which are arranged in the extrusion nozzle head (3), wherein at least one extrusion nozzle opening (9) adjoins the leg (5) and at least one extrusion nozzle opening (11) is arranged in a bulge in the extrusion nozzle head (3).
2. Extrusion nozzle (1) according to claim 1, wherein the removable plate (6) is arranged in a dovetail groove in the leg (5).
3. Extrusion nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extrusion nozzle head (3) further comprises a fastening means (13) on which the removable plate (6) is arranged in the leg (5).
4. Extrusion nozzle (1) according to claim 3, wherein the fastening means (13) comprises a ball (14) and a recess (15), the ball (14) being partially arranged in the recess (15) so as to protrude from the recess (15), and the ball (14) being in contact with the second surface (8) of the removable plate (6).
5. Extrusion nozzle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one extrusion nozzle opening (10) is arranged at least in the region of the extrusion nozzle head (3) which is located on the side of the U-shaped opening (4) opposite the leg (5).
6. Extrusion nozzle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the extrusion nozzle (1) further comprises at least two feed channels (16, 17, 18, 19).
7. Extrusion nozzle (1) according to claim 6, wherein the extrusion nozzle (1) comprises at least three feed channels (16, 17, 18, 19) and one feed channel (16, 17, 18, 19) extends through the extrusion nozzle body (2) to one extrusion nozzle opening (9, 10, 11, 12).
8. Extrusion nozzle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the removable plate (6) is made of metal.
9. Extrusion device (100) comprising the extrusion nozzle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and a mass-conveying means connected to the extrusion nozzle (1), wherein the extrusion device (100) is configured to receive a disc (200) having a first surface (201), a second surface (202) and a side edge (203) arranged between the first surface (201) and the second surface (202) on the edge side in the U-shaped opening (4) of the extrusion nozzle head (3), so that the first surface (7) of the removable plate (6) is in contact with the first surface (201) of the disc (200).
10. Extrusion device (100) according to claim 9, wherein the disc (200) is a composite disc (300) comprising at least in the following order: an outer disc (301) having an outer surface (I) and an inner surface (II), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (302) and an inner disc (303) having an outer surface (III) and an inner surface (IV), wherein the outer surface (I) of the outer disc (301) corresponds to the first surface (201) of the disc (200). 11 . Method for the continuous extrusion of a profile strand onto a disc (200), comprising at least Providing the extrusion device (100) according to claim 9 or 10, providing a disc (200) having a first surface (201), a second surface (202) and a side edge (203) arranged between the first surface (201) and the second surface (202), and Applying a polymer via the extrusion nozzle (1) of the extrusion device (100) to the side edge (203) of the disc (200) and to the second surface (202) of the disc (200).
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the polymer is a polyurethane.
13. The process according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the viscosity of the polymer, measured with a viscometer, is in a range of 300,000 mPa s to 1,000,000 mPa s, more preferably in a range of 600,000 mPa s to 6,000,000 mPa s, under conditions of 23°C and a shear rate of 1 / s.
14. Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the first surface (7) of the removable plate (6) presses against the first surface (201) of the disc (200).
15. Use of the extrusion nozzle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8 for extruding a profile strand on a pane (200) for producing vehicle glazing, in particular a windshield, or building glazing.