Phenolic yellowing resistant composition and method for preparing the same
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BASF SE
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-08
AI Technical Summary
TPU materials used in the footwear industry are prone to phenolic yellowing, which affects their appearance and quality, and existing solutions have not effectively addressed this issue without compromising mechanical properties or increasing hydrolysis risk.
Incorporating saturated fatty acids with 2 carboxyl groups as acid additives into the TPU composition, which enhances phenolic yellowing resistance without deteriorating initial yellowness or mechanical properties, and can be done either as a homogeneous mixture or a dry-batch blend.
The TPU composition with the added acid additives exhibits improved phenolic yellowing resistance, maintaining low initial yellowness and retaining mechanical properties such as tear strength, while showing comparable anti-hydrolysis performance even without anti-hydrolysis agents.
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Figure PCTCN2024114149-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2024114149-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2024114149-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
PHENOLIC YELLOWING RESISTANT COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAMETECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a phenolic yellowing resistant TPU composition and to a method for the preparing the same.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] TPUs are widely used in footwear industry because of its good mechanical properties. However, these materials are prone to yellowing issues, giving items an unattractive look. This issue stands out more in the items with light or vivid colors. One of the causes of yellowing is phenol yellowing, which is brought on by yellow-colored compound resulted in the chemical reaction between phenolic-structured substances (such as antioxidants) present in the materials and some oxidizing species (such as nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides) in the atmosphere.
[0003] Consumers are becoming more and more picky about a product’s quality, particularly their look. As a result, the problem of phenolic yellowing in TPU materials has to be fixed. Despite several attempts, the existing materials’ phenolic yellowing test results are less than outstanding; they often indicate a level 2-3. Evidently, there was still a significant difference between the existing outcome and the desired phenolic yellowing level, especially level 4-5, for these items.
[0004] In the past, attempts have been made to develop non-yellowing TPU products, for example, applying hydroxyl-containing carboxylic acids as chain extenders for preparing polyurethane, or alternatively, adding sulfonamine additives into the material. However, for the case about hydroxyl-containing carboxylic acids as chain extender, the carboxylic acid groups would be embedded in the hard phase of TPU, which would suppress the acid to improve the phenolic yellowing resistance. On the other hand, the carboxylic acid group in the chain extender will destroy the crystallization of the hard phase, which may have some negative impacts on the mechanical properties of TPU. For the case about sulfonamine additives, the amine groups would speed up the reaction of TPU synthesis, and the melt viscosity would increase in a very short period, resulting in the TPU production with difficulty.
[0005] Given the above, the industry is still in sore need of non-yellowing TPU products without the above shortcomings.
[0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENETION
[0007] An object of this invention is to improve the phenolic yellowing resistance of TPU material. According to an aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by a composition, comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive, wherein the acid additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of saturated fatty acids having 2 carboxyl groups. The inventive TPU composition exhibits improved phenolic yellowing resistance.
[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by a method for preparing a composition, comprising a step of combining a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive or a step of combining at least one raw material for preparing a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive, wherein the acid additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of saturated fatty acids having 2 carboxyl groups.
[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by a method for producing an article, comprising
[0010] - providing a composition according to the present invention or a composition obtained by the method according to the present invention; and
[0011] - molding the composition into an article.
[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by an article prepared by the method according to the present invention.
[0013] It has been surprisingly found that the present invention performs well in the phenolic yellowing test and exhibits good initial yellowness. In some preferred embodiments, the inventive composition additionally shows improved tear strength. Herein, initial yellowness means that the yellowness of the freshly prepared TPU material. Furthermore, compared with the existing TPU materials, the inventive composition shows comparable anti-hydrolysis performance, even without addition of anti-hydrolysis agent, and mechanical properties.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0014] Before the present compositions and methods of the invention are described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular compositions and meth-ods described, since such compositions and methods may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention belongs. As used herein, the following terms have the meanings ascribed to them below, unless specified otherwise. It is to be understood that the terminology so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.
[0015] The term “comprising” , as used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to the means listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. It is thus to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the scope of the expression “adevice comprising means A and B” should not be limited to devices consisting only of components A and B. It means that with respect to the present invention, the only relevant components of the device are A and B. The terms “comprising” , “comprises” and “comprised of” as used herein are synonymous with “including” , “includes” or “containing” , “contains” , and are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, non-recited members, elements or method steps.
[0016] In the following passages, different aspects of the invention are defined in more detail. Each aspect so defined may be combined with any other aspect or aspects unless clearly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature indicated as being pre-ferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or features indicated as being preferred or advantageous.
[0017] Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily, but may, all refer to the same embodiment.
[0018] As used herein, the articles “a” and “an” refer to one or to more than one (i.e., to at least one) of the grammatical object of the article. By way of example, “an element” means one element or more than one element.
[0019] Furthermore, whereas some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those familiar with the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
[0020] This invention targets to improve the phenolic yellowing resistance performance of the TPU materials, without deteriorating the initial yellow index (Y.I. ) .
[0021] In an aspect, the invention provides a composition, comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive, wherein the acid additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of saturated fatty acids having 2 carboxyl groups. It was surprisingly discovered that the incorporation of the acid additive can minimize or even prevent the phenolic yellowing of the items formed from the inventive composition. The inventor surprisingly observed that saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids having only one carboxylic acid group show an unsatisfactory efficiency of phenolic yellowing resistance, probably due to weaker acidity. On the other hand, the inventor also found that the more carboxyl groups cannot necessarily improve the efficiency of phenolic yellowing resistance. Surprisingly, saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids containing three or more carboxyl groups, such as citric acid, also does not work well on improvement of the phenolic yellowing resistance of TPU material.
[0022] Moreover, the composition according to the invention was found to exhibit anti-hydrolysis performance comparable to that of the existing TPU material, even without the use of an anti-hydrolysis agent. This is surprising because in the prior art, it was believed that adding acids would make TPU prone to hydrolysis.
[0023] The composition according to the present invention comprises the thermoplastic polyurethane and the acid additive as a homogeneous mixture, or otherwise as a dry-batch.
[0024] As used herein, the term “homogeneous mixture” means a homogenous mass formed by mixing the TPU and the additive together. The mixing may be carried out by combining the acid additive in the raw materials for preparation of the TPU granules, which thus contain the acid additive in body before molding.
[0025] The term “dry-batch” herein means a blend obtained by blending the solid TPU material and the acid additive, without melting the TPU. For example, the TPU may be provided in granules, which, without being melted, are then directly combined with the acid additive to give a blend, which would then be fed into the molding device. That is, before the combining (or blending) , the TPU granules per se have no acid additive.
[0026] In an embodiment, preference is given to the composition comprising a TPU and an acid additive as a homogenous mixture.
[0027] In the composition according to the present invention, it is believed the acid additive is present in free form. Herein, the expression “in free form” means that the acid additive is present as free molecules in the inventive composition, without reacting with any substance therein. There was concern that the carboxyl group of the acid additive would react with the isocyanate group during the preparation of TPU. However, the inventor observed that the experimental result is quite the opposite. The acid additive showed much lower reactivity with isocyanate than polyols.
[0028] In an embodiment, the saturated fatty acids have 4-12 carbon atoms. For example, the saturated fatty acids may have 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 carbon atoms, or any combination of these acids. Preferably, the saturated fatty acids have 4-10 carbon atoms. In an embodiment, the saturated fatty acids have a boiling point of no less than 230℃. In an embodiment, preferably, the acid additive is succinic acid, sebacic acid, or a mixture thereof. By comprising the acid additives, the composition according to the present invention exhibits both low initial yellowness and improved yellowing resistance, improved tear strengthen and reduced hydrolysis tendency, even in the case of excluding anti-hydrolysis agent. Notably, the initial yellowness is essential for TPU articles, in particular colorless or light-colored articles, because it can ensure an attractive appearance of the articles.
[0029] In an embodiment, the acid additive is present in an amount of 500 ppm to 3000 ppm, preferably 500 ppm to 2000 ppm, more preferably 1000 ppm to 2000 ppm, based on the total weight of the composition. For example, the acid additive is present in an amount of 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm or 3000 ppm, or within a range consisting of any two of these values. The inventive acid additive was found to improve the phenolic yellowing resistance of TPU effectively, even in a low content, such as from 500 ppm to 3000 ppm. A lower content of the acid additive may provide an insufficient improvement in the resistance of phenolic yellowing, while a much higher content may also be less preferred due to the increased risk of hydrolysis of the TPU.
[0030] In an embodiment, the composition has a melt-mass flow rate (MFR) of from 10 to 40 g / 10 min, preferably from 15 to 30 g / 10 min, determined according to DIN EN ISO 1133-1: 2022 under the condition of 210℃ / 10 kg. For example, the MFR may be 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39 or 40 g / 10 min, or within a range consisting of any two of these values. It was concerned that a higher content of acid additive may increase the risk of hydrolysis of the TPU material in the absence of anti-hydrolysis agent. It was surprisingly found, however, that the tendency of hydrolysis may be further decreased by adjusting the MFR of the TPU. According to the invention, the composition, when having an MFR ranged as aforesaid, would show a satisfying anti-hydrolysis performance. Further lowering the MFR may guarantee the mechanical properties, but result in much higher processing temperature, which is not accepted in practice. In an embodiment, preferably, the composition presents as a homogeneous mixture comprising the thermoplastic polyurethane and the acid additive has an MFR as above-mentioned.
[0031] The MFR value may be adjusted by those skilled in the art. For example, the MFR may be adjusted by changing one or more factors such as isocyanate index, the water content of the raw material, the ambient humidity, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, etc. For example, when the water content of the raw material and the ambient humidity are certain, it is possible to adjust the factors such as isocyanate index to obtain a desired MFR. MFR may be measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133-1: 2022.
[0032] The composition may, or may not, include anti-hydrolysis agent. The anti-hydrolysis, if any, may be present in a conventional amount in the art. In an embodiment, preferably, the composition is free of anti-hydrolysis agent. The inventive composition surprisingly shows a comparable hydrolysis tendency even without anti-hydrolysis agent. Furthermore, it was found that the anti-hydrolysis agents (which are usually amines) may compromise the phenolic yellowing resistance brought about by the acid additives. Hence, according to the present invention, the removal of anti-hydrolysis agents may further ensure the advantageous influence of acid additives, especially when the composition is present in the form of a homogeneous mixture. In an embodiment, preferably, the composition contains no anti-hydrolysis agent when comprising a homogeneous mixture of the thermoplastic polyurethane and the acid additive.
[0033] The examples of the anti-hydrolysis agent include polycarbodiimide (PCDI) .
[0034] The TPU may be prepared by many known processes in the art from polyols, polyisocyanates and chain extenders, at the presence of catalysts.
[0035] The examples of polyols include polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate alcohols and hybrid polyols. Preference is given to polyester polyols and polyether polyols. Examples of polyester polyols include those based on adipic acid and / or terephthalic acid and a diol. Suitable diols are especially butane-1, 4-diol, hexane-1, 6-diol or mixtures of these compounds. Examples of polyether polyols include polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and polytetrahydrofurans.
[0036] In an embodiment, the polyol may be a polyester polyol, preferably a bio-based polyester polyol. Preferably, the raw materials of bio-based polyester polyol may be derived from castor oil or corn. As used herein, the term “bio-based” refers to those substances that are mainly produced from renewable resources, such as bio-oils (e.g., castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil) . As compared with the petroleum-based materials, bio-based materials are environmentally friendly. Bio-polyester TPU is the main bio-based product used in footwear industry, and was desired in the market because of its high bio-content and good mechanical properties.
[0037] The examples of polyisocyanates for producing TPU include especially aliphatic or aromatic diisocyanates, preferably aromatic diisocyanates.
[0038] Aliphatic diisocyanates which may be used in the present invention are, by way of example, customary aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic diisocyanates, for example tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-and / or octamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methylpentamethylene 1, 5-diisocyanate, 2-ethyltetramethylene 1, 4-diisocyanate, hexamethylene 1, 6-diisocyanate (HDI) , pentamethylene 1, 5-diisocyanate, butylene 1, 4-diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene 1, 6-diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcydohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI) , 1, 4-and / or 1, 3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (HXDI) , cyclohexane 1, 4-diisocyanate, 1-methylcyclohexane 2, 4-and / or 2, 6-diisocyanate, methylene dicyclohexyl 4, 4’ -, 2, 4’ -and / or 2, 2’ -diisocyanate (H12MDI) .
[0039] Aromatic diisocyanates which may be used in the present invention include, by way of example, diphenylmethane 2, 2’ -, 2, 4’ -and / or 4, 4’ -diisocyanate (MDI) , naphthylene 1, 5-diisocyanate (NDI) , toluene 2, 4-and / or 2, 6-diisocyanate (TDI) , 3, 3’ -dimethyl-4, 4’ -diisocyanatodiphenyl (TODI) , p-phenylene diisocyanate (PDI) , diphenylethane 4, 4’ -diisocyanate (EDI) , diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dimethyl diphenyl 3, 3’ -diisocyanate, diphenylethane 1, 2-diisocyanate and / or phenylene diisocyanate.
[0040] The examples of chain extenders include compounds having hydroxyl or amino groups, especially having 2 hydroxyl or amino groups. According to the invention, however, it is also possible that mixtures of different compounds are used as chain extenders. According to the invention, the average functionality of the mixture is 2.
[0041] Preference is given in accordance with the invention to using compounds having hydroxyl groups as chain extenders, especially diols. It is preferably possible to use aliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic and / or cycloaliphatic diols having a molecular weight of 50 g / mol to 220 g / mol. Preference is given to alkanediols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical, especially di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-and / or decaalkylene glycols. For the present invention, particular preference is given to 1, 2-ethylene glycol, propane-1, 3-diol, butane-1, 4-diol, hexane-1, 6-diol. It is also possible to use aromatic compounds such as hydroxyquinone bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ether.
[0042] The examples of catalysts include compounds which accelerate particularly the reaction between the NCO groups of polyisocyanates and the hydroxyl groups of polyol and chain extender. In a preferred embodiment, exemplary catalysts are tertiary amines, especially triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N, N’ -dimethylpiperazine, 2- (dimethylaminoethoxy) ethanol, diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane; in another preferred embodiment, these are organic metal compounds such as titanic esters, iron compounds, preferably iron (III) acetylacetonate, tin compounds, preferably tin diacetate, tin dioctoate, tin dilaurate or the dialkyltin salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids, preferably dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, or bismuth salts in which bismuth is preferably in the 2 or 3 oxidation state, especially 3. Preference is given to salts of carboxylic acids. Carboxylic acids used are preferably carboxylic acids having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably having 8 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable bismuth salts are bismuth (III) neodecanoate, bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate and bismuth octanoate.
[0043] According to the present invention, the TPU may be prepared under an isocyanate index of, for example, 970‰-1020‰, preferably 990‰-1010‰, more preferably 1000‰-1010‰. For example, the isocyanate index may be 970 ‰, 980‰, 990‰, 1000‰, 1002‰, 1003‰, 1005‰, 1008‰or 1010‰, or within a range consisting of any two of these values. As used herein, the isocyanate index is calculated as the molar ratio of isocyanate groups to hydroxyl groups.
[0044] In addition to the TPU and the acid additive, the composition according to the present invention may further include various auxiliary components, such as light stabilizers, anti-oxidants, and lubricants.
[0045] In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a composition, comprising a step of combining a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive or a step of combining at least one raw material for preparing a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive, wherein the acid additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of saturated fatty acids having 2 carboxyl groups. The method according to the present invention may give a TPU composition with satisfying phenolic yellowing resistance, improved tear strength and comparable hydrolysis tendency.
[0046] The description regarding the components of the inventive composition applies to the inventive method for preparing the composition.
[0047] In an embodiment, the inventive method comprises a step of combining a thermoplastic polyurethane and said acid additive. In this case, the combining may be carried out by blending the acid additive with a solid TPU material (i.e., a finished TPU) . This would give a dry-batch of the acid additive and TPU. In an embodiment, the solid thermoplastic polyurethane may be provided in granules, and there is no acid in the TPU granule itself. As used herein, the blending may be referred to as “dry-blending” , referring to mix the solid TPU (preferably, TPU granules) and the acid additive. According to the present invention, if the acid additive is incorporated by the way of dry-blending, the TPU granules may or preferably may not contain acid additive prior to the blending.
[0048] In some embodiments, preferably, the blending is carried out after the TPU material is dried. In some embodiments, the blending is carried out before further processing (such as molding) the TPU material.
[0049] In an embodiment, the method comprises a step of combining at least one raw material for preparing a thermoplastic polyurethane and said acid additive. In this case, the combining is carried out by introducing the acid additive during the preparation of the TPU. Hereinafter, this manner of adding the acid additive may be referred to as “internal adding” . The acid additive may be introduced together with at least one of the raw materials for preparing the thermoplastic polyurethane, such as polyols, chain extenders and catalyst. Preferably, the acid additive is introduced together with the polyols, in the presence of optionally chain extenders and optionally catalyst. This would give a homogeneous mixture of TPU and the acid additive.
[0050] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing an article, wherein the method comprises
[0051] - providing a composition according to the invention or a composition obtained by the method according to the present invention; and
[0052] - molding the composition into an article.
[0053] The inventive composition may be for example present as a homogeneous mixture or a dry-batch comprising the acid additive and TPU.
[0054] In an embodiment, the molding is carried out by injection molding process. The injection may be carried out by using any suitable injection molding device known in the art. The injection temperature is about 220-230℃. The mold temperature is preferably around 40℃.
[0055] In an embodiment, the composition is dried before the molding. The drying may be performed at a temperature ranged from about 90-110℃, preferably about 95-105℃, for example about 100℃. The drying may be performed for about 4 hours. In the case of dry-batch, before the molding, the acid-free TPU is dried, followed by dry-blending with the additive to give a dry-batch, which is subsequently fed to the molding device, in particular the injection molding device.
[0056] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an article prepared with the composition according to the present invention or the composition obtained by the method of present invention, or an article obtained according to the present invention.
[0057] EXAMPLES
[0058] Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-6
[0059] The sample of Example 1 was prepared and tested as follows:
[0060] 1. The preparation of the composition
[0061] The composition was prepared basically following the steps of
[0062] (1) mixing 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol (Lupraphen*6617 / 1 from BASF)
[0063] with 9 parts by weight of chain extender (butanediol / propanediol 1: 1 molar ratio) , 10 ppm catalyst DABCO T9 from Evonik and 1000 ppm succinic acid as the acid additive;
[0064] (2) adding 40 parts by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) to the above-obtained mixture and feeding the materials into an extruder;
[0065] (3) adding 0.5 part by weight of light stabilizer, 0.25 part by weight of anti-oxidant and 0.25 part by weight of lubricant into the extruder immediately after addition of MDI;
[0066] (4) carrying out synthesis reaction in the extruder at a temperature of around 200-220℃ until the melt pressure inside the extruder falls to 20-60 bar, and then starting granulation; and
[0067] (5) aging the TPU granules at 70-75℃ for about 10 minutes.
[0068] 2. Injection
[0069] TPU granules were dried at 100℃ for 4 hours, and then added into the hopper of injection machine. Injection temperature was about 220-230℃, and mold temperature was around 40℃. The injection molding gave sample strips.
[0070] 3. Acid additive dosing way
[0071] According to the present invention, the acid additive was included into the composition by two ways: one is internal adding, and the other is dry blending.
[0072] - Internal adding: the acid additive was added in step (1) , together with polyol and other additives.
[0073] - Dry blending: TPU granules was dried and then blended with the acid additive before they were fed into the injection machine.
[0074] In example 1, the acid additive is added by the manner of internal adding.
[0075] 4. Test method
[0076] The sample stripes were tested for the performances, such as initial yellowness (which was measured by yellowness index) , the phenolic yellowing level, hydrolysis performance, tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength and abrasion loss. The hydrolysis performance was evaluated by testing and comparing the tensile strength, elongation at break and abrasion loss before and after a hydrolysis treatment on the sample.
[0077] The yellowness index (Y.I. ) was determined according to ASTM E313-20. A sample with Y.I. value of lower than 12 was considered acceptable.
[0078] Phenolic yellowing level was determined according to ISO 105-X18 2007.
[0079] The tensile strength and the elongation at break were determined according to DIN 53504.
[0080] The abrasion loss was determined according to DIN ISO 4649, method A.
[0081] The tear strength was determined according to DIN ISO 34-1, method B, procedure (b) .
[0082] The hydrolysis treatment is performed at a temperature of 70℃ and a humidity of 95 RH%for 7 days.
[0083] MFR was determined according to DIN EN ISO 1133-1: 2022, under the condition of 210℃ / 10 kg.
[0084] The samples of Examples 2-6, as well as those of Comparative Examples 1-6, were prepared and tested in the similar way to that of Example 1. The difference was that in Examples 2-4 and 6 and Comparative Examples 1-6, 0.4 parts by weight of anti-hydrolysis agent (Elastostab H01 from BASF) was added in the preparation step (1) ; or otherwise, these examples differ in the isocyanate index or content, type and dosing way of the acid additive. The amount of the anti-hydrolysis agent and the acid additive, and the dosing way of the acid additive in each example, as well as the test results, are summarized in Table 1.
[0085] Table 1
[0086] As shown in Table 1, different acid additives were tested to check if they are workable to improve the phenolic yellowing resistance of TPU without deteriorating the initial yellowness (Y.I. ) . Clearly, succinic acid became a good candidate because it enabled TPU to reach level 4~5 in phenolic yellowing resistance test, without significantly increasing the Y.I. Addition of sebacic acid, as shown in Examples 6, also improved the phenolic yellowing resistance while keeping the Y.I. low. Other acids as used in the comparative examples, though improving the phenolic yellowing resistance, resulted in test samples with Y.I. higher than 12, which was not acceptable. Surprisingly, although citric acid contains three carboxyl groups, Comparative Example 6 did not show a much-improved phenolic yellowing resistance compared to Comparative Example 1, let alone in comparison to Example 3.
[0087] Also, it can be seen from Table 1 that if no anti-hydrolysis agent is contained in the recipes (for example, Example 1 and 5) , no matter whether the acid additive was dosed by internal adding or dry blending, the sample stripes showed good phenolic yellowing resistance performance in the test. Meanwhile, the sample stripe of Example 1 showed the lowest initial Y.I. It was observed that if the TPU recipes contained anti-hydrolysis agent, the phenolic yellowing resistance performance would be slightly poorer. Especially, the sample of Example 2, which included both acid additive and anti-hydrolysis agent, exhibited just passable phenolic yellowing level, though better than Comparative Example 1 (which has no acid additive) . These results proved that the existence of anti-hydrolysis agent might have negative influence on phenolic yellowing resistance brought about by the acid additive. It was assumed that the acid additive was probably consumed by anti-hydrolysis agent at the preparation temperature, leading to the unsatisfactory phenolic yellowing resistance. The absence of anti-hydrolysis agent combining with the internal adding of 1000 ppm succinic acid seemed to be a good solution.
[0088] Examples 7-10
[0089] In these examples, samples with different acid content and MFR were prepared in the similar way to that of Example 1 and tested as described above. The acid additive was added by dry blending. The content of the acid additive and the test results of each example were summarized in Table 2.
[0090] Table 2
[0091] As shown by the above test results, all the samples according to the invention, which included the acid additive, exhibited improved phenolic yellowing level as compared with the existing material. Mechanical properties of the samples according to the present invention were also evaluated to check whether the existence of succinic acid would have negative impact on mechanical properties. In particular, Example 1 showed good performance in all aspects. Meanwhile, Table 2 shows that even 3000 ppm succinic acid was added, the mechanical properties of the sample stripe of Example 10 were very similar to that of Comparative Example 1 (without acid additive) . In addition, surprisingly, for Examples 1, 4, and 10, significant tear strength improvement was found. From Table 2, it can be seen that mechanical properties do not change substantively even when the succinic acid content is increased to a relatively high level, and all the samples containing acid additives show higher tear strength.
[0092] Furthermore, the anti-hydrolysis test was conducted to check whether the mechanical properties of samples of Examples 1 and 8 would deteriorate obviously after treatment. The test results were shown in Table 3. The data in Table 3 shows that about 80%of the initial tensile strength could be retained after treatment, and elongation at break and abrasion loss almost remained the same. The anti-hydrolysis performances of the inventive samples could fully meet requirements of application scenarios.
[0093] Table 3
[0094] Example 11-14
[0095] In these examples, sample stripes according to Example 8 were added with pigments of different colors, and the resulting colored samples were tested for the phenolic yellowing. The test results were shown in Table 4. As can be seen, these color samples---no matter what color was---all reached phenolic yellowing level 4-5 in the test.
[0096] Table 4
[0097] Examples 15-18 and Comparative Example 7
[0098] Samples having different MFR were prepared in the similar way to that of Example 1 and tested as described above. The MFR values and the test results of these samples of the examples were summarized in Table 5.
[0099] Table 5
[0100] It was observed that TPU sample under a MFR within 10 to 40 (210 ℃ / 10 kg) achieved good anti-hydrolysis performance. Too low MFR may be less preferred because it would lead to much higher processing temperature, which is unacceptable in practice.
[0101] The structures, materials, compositions, and methods described herein are intended to be representative examples of the invention, and it will be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited by the scope of the examples. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may be practiced with variations on the disclosed structures, materials, compositions and methods, and such variations are regarded as within the ambit of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1.A composition, comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive, wherein the acid additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of saturated fatty acids having 2 carboxyl groups.2.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the saturated fatty acids have 4-12 carbon atoms, preferably 4-10 carbon atoms.3.The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the saturated fatty acids have a boiling point of no less than 230℃.4.The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the acid additive is succinic acid, sebacic acid, or a mixture thereof.5.The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the acid additive is present in an amount of 500 ppm to 3000 ppm, preferably 500 ppm to 2000 ppm, more preferably 1000 ppm to 2000 ppm, based on the total weight of the composition.6.The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composition has a melt-mass flow rate of from 10 to 40 g / 10 min, preferably from 15 to 30 g / 10 min, determined according to ASTM D1238-04 under the condition of 210℃ / 10 kg.7.The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composition is free of anti-hydrolysis agent.8.A method for preparing a composition, comprising a step of combining a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive or a step of combining at least one raw material for preparing a thermoplastic polyurethane and an acid additive, wherein the acid additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of saturated fatty acids having 2 carboxyl groups.9.The method according to claim 8, wherein the acid additive is combined with a polyol as one raw material for preparing the thermoplastic polyurethane.10.The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the saturated fatty acids have 4-12 carbon atoms, preferably 4-10 carbon atoms.11.The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the saturated fatty acids have a boiling point of no less than 230 ℃.12.The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the acid additive is succinic acid, sebacic acid, or a mixture thereof.13.The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the acid additive is used in an amount of 500 ppm to 3000 ppm, preferably 500 ppm to 2000 ppm, more preferably 1000 ppm to 2000 ppm, based on the total weight of the composition.14.The method according to any one of claim 8 to 13, wherein the TPU composition has a melt mass flow rate of from 10 to 40 g / 10 min, preferably 15 to 30 g / 10 min, determined according to DIN EN ISO 1133-1: 2022, under the condition of 210℃ / 10 kg.15.The method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein no anti-hydrolysis agent is added to the composition.16.A method for producing an article, comprising- providing a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a composition obtained by the method according to any one of claims 8 to 15; and- molding the composition into an article.17.An article prepared by the method according to claim 16.