Communication method and related products
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-08
AI Technical Summary
The 5G system's control plane indirect communication using SCP and NRF lacks strong trustworthiness, and there is no support for secure and reliable session establishment between network elements.
A communication method that involves a first network element receiving a session establishment request, determining a second network element based on the request, and configuring the second network element to establish a session between the first device and the second network element, ensuring secure and reliable information delivery on both control and management planes.
The method ensures secure and reliable session establishment, enhancing trustworthiness in 5G control plane communications and improving the efficiency of session establishment between network elements.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024075630_06032025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COMMUNICATION METHOD AND RELATED PRODUCTS
[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 535,629, filed on August 31, 2023. The disclosure of the above patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and related products.BACKGROUND
[0004] 5G (5th generation) system CP (control plane) SBI (service-based interface) uses SCP (Service Communication Proxy) and NRF (network Repository Function) , etc. to support 5G CP plane indirect communication but not support strong trustworthiness. The control plane is generally used for managing state information, routing table and access control list, etc. of a network device, and communicates with other devices to realize functions such as routing. The data plane is generally used for processing and transmitting network traffic, i.e., forwarding a received data packet according to a preset rule, and ensuring that the data packet reaches a target device correctly.
[0005] This background information is provided to reveal information believed by the applicant to be of possible relevance to the present disclosure. No admission is necessarily intended, nor should be construed, that any of the preceding information constitutes prior art against the present disclosure.SUMMARY
[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, where the method includes:
[0007] receiving, by a first network element, a first session establishment request, where the first session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established;
[0008] determining, by the first network element, a second network element based on the first session establishment request; and
[0009] configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0010] In this way, by virtue of the first session establishment request, the first network element can determine the first device, the first session for the first device, and the second network element (i.e., the serving C / M-TW-GW) ; and configure the second network element based the above determined information; thus the first session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the control and management plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the first session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the first session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the first session.
[0011] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request includes:
[0012] receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request from a first service.
[0013] In this way, the first session establishment request transmitted by first service can indicate a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element, thereby saving the overhead of acquiring the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element by the first network element.
[0014] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
[0015] transmitting, by the first network element, a first session establishment response to the first service, where the first session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0016] By transmitting the first session establishment response to the first service, the reliability of the transmission of the first session establishment request is thus ensured.
[0017] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request includes:
[0018] receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request from the first device or a further network element.
[0019] The first session can be triggered by various network elements, thus improving flexibility of the establishment of the first session.
[0020] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
[0021] transmitting, by the first network element, a second session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, where the second session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0022] By transmitting the second session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, the establishment of the first session can be performed safely and reliably.
[0023] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where the first session establishment request is indicative of a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0024] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
[0025] transmitting, by the first network element, a first bearer request for requesting a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element to a first service, where the first bearer request is indicative of the first device; and
[0026] receiving, by the first network element, a first bearer response from the first service, where the first bearer response is indicative of the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0027] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request includes:
[0028] acquiring, by the first network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the first session establishment request; and
[0029] determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0030] Because the second network element can be determined based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, the determined second network element can be well adapted to the first device, thereby improving the efficiency of the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0031] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the first session establishment request includes:
[0032] acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the first session establishment request.
[0033] The first service can acquire the current position and the movement prediction (such as movement speed and movement direction) of the first device, and can predict the position of the first device in the next seconds, minutes or hours, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the interaction based on the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0034] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request includes:
[0035] determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request and capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element.
[0036] In this way, the first network element can acquire the capabilities (such as the traffic load) of the network elements managed by the first network element, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the first session and saving system overhead.
[0037] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes:
[0038] determining, by the first network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request;
[0039] assigning, by the first network element, the first session between the first device and the second network element; and
[0040] transmitting, by the first network element, a first notification to the second network element, where the first notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element.
[0041] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request includes:
[0042] determining, by the first network element, a serving identification based on the first session establishment request, where the serving identification is used for notifying a fourth network element of the first device and the third network element.
[0043] The serving C / M-TW-GW can be located in a BAS domain different from the domain where the first network element is located, so flexibility in selecting the serving C / M-TW-GW can be realized, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the first session and saving system overhead.
[0044] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes:
[0045] determining, by the first network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; and
[0046] transmitting, by the first network element, a second notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the first device and the third network element through a third notification, where the second notification is indicative of the first device, the serving identification, the first bearer and the third network element, and the third notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element.
[0047] Similarly, the serving C / M-TW-GW can be located in a BAS domain different from the domain where the first network element is located, so flexibility in selecting the serving C / M-TW-GW can be realized, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the first session and saving system overhead.
[0048] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes:
[0049] determining, by the first network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; and
[0050] transmitting, by the first network element, a fourth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, where the fourth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element.
[0051] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the first session establishment request includes:
[0052] determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the first session establishment request and a first local record, where the first local record includes a mapping between the serving identification and the first session for the first device.
[0053] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the first session establishment request includes:
[0054] transmitting, by the first network element, a first serving identification request to a first service, where the first serving identification request is indicative of the first device; and
[0055] receiving, by the first network element, a first serving identification response from the first service, where the first serving identification response is indicative of the serving identification.
[0056] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
[0057] receiving, by the first network element, a first updating request for updating a first local record from a fifth network element, where the first updating request is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session; and
[0058] updating, by the first network element, the first local record based on the first updating request, where the first local record includes a mapping among the first device, the second network element, the serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0059] Since the relevant information about the establishment of the first session has been recorded by the first network element, later information delivering related to the first device can be better handled based on such local record.
[0060] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, where the first session establishment request includes an identification of the first device.
[0061] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, where the method includes:
[0062] receiving, by a fourth network element, a third notification, where the third notification is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established, a first bearer and a third network element, where the first bearer and the third network element are determined by a first network element based on a first session establishment request, and the first session establishment request is indicative of the first device, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element;
[0063] determining, by the fourth network element, a second network element based on the third notification; and
[0064] configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0065] In this way, by virtue of the third notification, the fourth network element can determine the first device, the first session for the first device, and the second network element (i.e., the serving C / M-TW-GW) ; and configure the second network element based the above determined information; thus the first session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the control and management plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the first session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the first session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the first session.
[0066] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, where determining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the third notification includes:
[0067] acquiring, by the fourth network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the third notification; and
[0068] determining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0069] Because the second network element can be determined based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, the determined second network element can be well adapted to the first device, thereby improving the efficiency of the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0070] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, where acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the third notification includes:
[0071] acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the third notification.
[0072] The first service can acquire the current position and the movement prediction (such as movement speed and movement direction) of the first device, and can predict the position of the first device in the next seconds, minutes or hours, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the interaction based on the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0073] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, where determining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the third notification includes:
[0074] determining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the third notification and capabilities of network elements managed by the fourth network element.
[0075] In this way, the fourth network element can acquire the capabilities (such as the traffic load) of the network elements managed by the first network element, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the first session and saving system overhead.
[0076] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, where configuring, by the fourth network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes:
[0077] determining, by the fourth network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the third notification;
[0078] assigning, by the fourth network element, the first session between the first device and the second network element; and
[0079] transmitting, by the fourth network element, a fifth notification to the second network element, where the fifth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element.
[0080] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, where the third notification includes an identification of the first device.
[0081] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, where the method includes:
[0082] receiving, by a second network element, a first session establishment notification, where the first session establishment notification is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established, a first bearer between the first device and a third network element, the first session and the third network element, where the third network element is determined by a first network element based on a first session establishment request, and the first session establishment request is indicative of the first device; and
[0083] transmitting, by the second network element, a sixth notification to the third network element based on the first session establishment notification, where the sixth notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, and a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device.
[0084] In this way, by virtue of the first session establishment notification, the second network element can be configured; thus the first session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the control and management plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the first session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the first session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the first session.
[0085] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where the method further includes:
[0086] receiving, by the second network element, a first acknowledgement from the third network element, where the first acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixth notification.
[0087] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where the first session establishment notification is a first notification from the first network element.
[0088] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where the method further includes:
[0089] transmitting, by the second network element, a seventh notification to a second service, where the seventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0090] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where the method further includes:
[0091] receiving, by the second network element, a second acknowledgement from the second service, where the second acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the seventh notification.
[0092] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where both of the seventh notification and the second acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.
[0093] In this way, the interaction between the second network element and the second service can be performed safely and reliably.
[0094] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where the first session establishment notification is a fifth notification from a fourth network element which determines the second network element.
[0095] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where the method further includes:
[0096] receiving, by the second network element, a third notification from a fifth network element, where the third notification is indicative of the first bearer, the first device and the third network element.
[0097] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where the method further includes:
[0098] transmitting, by the second network element, a third acknowledgement to the fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the first session for the first device, where the third acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0099] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, where both of the third notification and the third acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.
[0100] In this way, the interaction between the second network element and the fifth network element can be performed safely and reliably.
[0101] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, where the method includes:
[0102] receiving, by a first network element, a second session establishment request, where the second session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established;
[0103] determining, by the first network element, a sixth network element based on the second session establishment request; and
[0104] configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0105] In this way, by virtue of the second session establishment request, the first network element can determine the first device, the second session for the first device, and the sixth network element (i.e., the serving Data-TW-GW); and configure the sixth network element based the above determined information; thus the second session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the data plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the second session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the second session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the second session.
[0106] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request includes:
[0107] receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request from a third service.
[0108] In this way, the second session establishment request transmitted by third service can indicate the second session, thereby saving the overhead of acquiring the second session by the first network element.
[0109] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0110] transmitting, by the first network element, a third session establishment response to the third service, where the third session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0111] By transmitting the third session establishment response to the third service, the establishment of the second session can be performed safely and reliably.
[0112] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where the second session establishment request is further indicative of the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session, a third network element, where a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0113] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request includes:
[0114] receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request from the first device or a further network element.
[0115] The second session can be triggered by various network elements, thus improving flexibility of the establishment of the second session.
[0116] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0117] transmitting, by the first network element, a fourth session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, where the fourth session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0118] By transmitting the fourth session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, the establishment of the second session can be performed safely and reliably.
[0119] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0120] transmitting, by the first network element, a session request to a third service, where the session request is indicative of the first device; and
[0121] receiving, by the first network element, a session response from the third service, where the session response is indicative of the second session.
[0122] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0123] transmitting, by the first network element, a second bearer request for requesting a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element to a first service, where the second bearer request is indicative of the first device; and
[0124] receiving, by the first network element, a second bearer response from the first service, where the second bearer response is indicative of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, where a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0125] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request includes:
[0126] acquiring, by the first network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the second session establishment request; and
[0127] determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0128] Because the sixth network element can be determined based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, the determined sixth network element can be well adapted to the first device, thereby improving the efficiency of the interaction based on the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0129] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the second session establishment request includes:
[0130] acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the second session establishment request.
[0131] The first service can acquire the current position and the movement prediction (such as movement speed and movement direction) of the first device, and can predict the position of the first device in the next seconds, minutes or hours, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the interaction based on the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0132] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request includes:
[0133] determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request and capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element.
[0134] In this way, the first network element can acquire the capabilities (such as the traffic load) of the network elements managed by the first network element, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the session and saving system overhead.
[0135] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes:
[0136] determining, by the first network element, the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the second session establishment request; and
[0137] transmitting, by the first network element, an eighth notification to the sixth network element, where the eighth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the third network element; and
[0138] transmitting, by the first network element, a ninth notification to a seventh network element, where the ninth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session, the third network element and the sixth network element, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.
[0139] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect where determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request includes:
[0140] determining, by the first network element, a serving identification based on the second session establishment request, where the serving identification is used for notifying a fourth network element of the first device and the third network element.
[0141] The serving Data-TW-GW can be located in a BAS domain different from the domain where the first network element is located, so flexibility in selecting the serving Data-TW-GW can be realized, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the second session and saving system overhead.
[0142] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes:
[0143] determining, by the first network element, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; and
[0144] transmitting, by the first network element, a tenth notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the first device and the third network element through an eleventh notification, where the tenth notification is indicative of the first device, the serving identification, the second bearer and the third network element, and the eleventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element.
[0145] Similarly, the serving Data-TW-GW can be located in a BAS domain different from the domain where the first network element is located, so flexibility in selecting the serving Data-TW-GW can be realized, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the second session and saving system overhead.
[0146] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes:
[0147] determining, by the first network element, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; and
[0148] transmitting, by the first network element, a twelfth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, where the twelfth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element.
[0149] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request includes:
[0150] determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request and a second local record, where the second local record includes a second mapping between the serving identification and the second session for the first device.
[0151] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request includes:
[0152] transmitting, by the first network element, a second serving identification request to a first service, where the second serving identification request is indicative of the first device; and
[0153] receiving, by the first network element, a second serving identification response from the first service, where the second serving identification response is indicative of the serving identification.
[0154] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request includes:
[0155] determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request and a seventh network element, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.
[0156] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0157] receiving, by the first network element, a second updating request for updating a second local record from a fifth network element, where the second updating request is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, a serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session; and
[0158] updating, by the first network element, the second local record based on the first updating request, where the second local record includes a mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session.
[0159] Since the relevant information about the establishment of the second session has been recorded by the first network element, later information delivering related to the first device can be better handled based on such local record.
[0160] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, where the second session establishment request includes an identification of the first device.
[0161] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, where the method includes:
[0162] receiving, by a fourth network element, an eleventh notification, where the eleventh notification is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established, a second bearer and a third network element, where the second bearer and the third network element are determined by a first network element based on a second session establishment request, and the second session establishment request is indicative of the first device, where a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element;
[0163] determining, by the fourth network element, a sixth network element based on the eleventh notification; and
[0164] configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0165] In this way, by virtue of the eleventh notification, the fourth network element can determine the first device, the second session for the first device, and the sixth network element (i.e., the serving Data-TW-GW) ; and configure the sixth network element based the above determined information; thus the second session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the data plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the second session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the first session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the first session.
[0166] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, where determining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the eleventh notification includes:
[0167] acquiring, by the fourth network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the eleventh notification; and
[0168] determining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0169] Because the sixth network element can be determined based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, the determined sixth network element can be well adapted to the first device, thereby improving the efficiency of the interaction based on the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0170] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, where acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the eleventh notification includes:
[0171] acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the eleventh notification.
[0172] The first service can acquire the current position and the movement prediction (such as movement speed and movement direction) of the first device, and can predict the position of the first device in the next seconds, minutes or hours, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the interaction based on the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0173] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, where determining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the eleventh notification includes:
[0174] determining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the eleventh notification and capabilities of network elements managed by the fourth network element.
[0175] In this way, the fourth network element can acquire the capabilities (such as the traffic load) of the network elements managed by the first network element, thereby improving efficiency of establishing the second session and saving system overhead.
[0176] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, where configuring, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes:
[0177] determining, by the fourth network element, the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the eleventh notification; and
[0178] transmitting, by the fourth network element, a thirteenth notification to the sixth network element, where the thirteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the third network element; and
[0179] transmitting, by the fourth network element, a fourteenth notification to a seventh network element, where the fourteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session, the third network element and the sixth network element, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.
[0180] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, where receiving, by the fourth network element, the eleventh notification includes:
[0181] receiving, by the fourth network element, the eleventh notification from a seventh network element, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.
[0182] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, where the eleventh notification includes an identification of the first device.
[0183] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, where the method includes:
[0184] receiving, by a seventh network element, a second session establishment notification, where the second session establishment notification is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established, a second bearer between the first device and a third network element, the second session between the first device and a sixth network element configured to interact with the first device on a data plane based on the second session, the sixth network element and the third network element, where the third network element is determined by a first network element based on a second session establishment request, the second session establishment request is indicative of the first device; and
[0185] transmitting, by the seventh network element, a fifteenth notification to the third network element based on the second session establishment notification, where the fifteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device.
[0186] In this way, by virtue of the second session establishment notification, the sixth network element can be configured; thus the second session for the first device can be established. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the second session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the first session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the second session.
[0187] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0188] receiving, by the seventh network element, a fourth acknowledgement from the third network element, where the fourth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the fifteenth notification.
[0189] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where the second session establishment notification is an eighth notification from the first network element.
[0190] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0191] transmitting, by the seventh network element, a sixteenth notification to a second service, where the sixteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second session, the sixth network element and a serving identification for the sixth network element.
[0192] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0193] receiving, by the seventh network element, a fifth acknowledgement from the second service, where the fifth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixteenth notification.
[0194] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where both of the sixteenth notification and the second acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the second session.
[0195] In this way, the interaction between the seventh network element and the second service can be performed safely and reliably.
[0196] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where the second session establishment notification is a thirteenth notification from a fourth network element which determines the seventh network element.
[0197] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0198] receiving, by the seventh network element, an eleventh notification from a fifth network element, where the eleventh notification is indicative of the second bearer, the first device and the third network element.
[0199] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where the method further includes:
[0200] transmitting, by the seventh network element, a sixth acknowledgement to the fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the second session for the first device, where the sixth acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element and the second session.
[0201] In a possible implementation of the sixth aspect, where both of the eleventh notification and the sixth acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the second session.
[0202] In this way, the interaction between the seventh network element and the fifth network element can be performed safely and reliably.
[0203] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus is applied to a first network element and includes various modules configured to execute the communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0204] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus is applied to a fourth network element and includes various modules configured to execute the communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0205] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus is applied to a second network element and includes various modules configured to execute the communication method according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.
[0206] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus is applied to a first network element and includes various modules configured to execute the communication method according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect.
[0207] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus is applied to a fourth network element and includes various modules configured to execute the communication method according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect.
[0208] In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus is applied to a seventh network element and includes various modules configured to execute the communication method according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect.
[0209] In a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a first network element including processing circuitry for executing the communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0210] In a fourteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fourth network element including processing circuitry for executing the communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0211] In a fifteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a second network element including processing circuitry for executing the communication method according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.
[0212] In a sixteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a first network element including processing circuitry for executing the communication method according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect.
[0213] In a seventeenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fourth network element including processing circuitry for executing the communication method according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect.
[0214] In an eighteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a seventh network element including processing circuitry for executing the communication method according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect.
[0215] In a nineteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an apparatus, including one or more processors, the one or more processors are configured to execute instructions stored in memory, when the instructions is executed by the one or more processors, the communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, or according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect is performed.
[0216] In a twentieth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, or the communication method according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.
[0217] In a twenty-first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the communication method according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, or the communication method according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, or the communication method according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect.
[0218] In a twenty-second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product including computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the configuration method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, or according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, or according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, or according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, or according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect.
[0219] In a twenty-third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, where the system includes:
[0220] the first network element is communicatively connected to the second network element and the sixth network element and configured to control operations of the second network element and the sixth network element;
[0221] the second network element is communicatively connected to a first device through a first session, and is configured to interact with the first device on a control and management plane based on the first session, where the first session is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the second network element;
[0222] the sixth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a second session, and configured to interact with the first device on a data plane based on the second session, where the second session is used for data exchanging between the first device and the sixth network element; and
[0223] the third network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a first bearer and a second bearer, and configured to maintain a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session, where the first bearer is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the control and management plane, and the second bearer is used for data exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the data plane.
[0224] In a possible implementation of the twenty-third aspect, where system further includes:
[0225] a fourth network element, communicatively connected to an eighth network element and a ninth network element, and configured to control operations of the eighth network element and the ninth network element;
[0226] the eighth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a first connection and communicatively connected to the second network element through a third connection, and configured to respectively interact with the first device and the second network element on the control and management plane based on the first connection and the third connection;
[0227] the ninth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a second connection and communicatively connected to the sixth network element through a fourth connection, and configured to interact with the first device on the data plane based on the second connection and the fourth connection.
[0228] In a possible implementation of the twenty-third aspect, where a digital function associated with the first device is deployed in a fourth service.
[0229] In a possible implementation of the twenty-third aspect, where
[0230] one or more third sessions are established between the digital function associated with the first device and a tenth network element and each of the one or more third sessions is used for signaling exchanging between the digital function and the tenth network element on the control and management plane;
[0231] one or more fourth sessions are established between the digital function associated with the first device and an eleventh network element and each of the one or more fourth sessions is used for data exchanging between the digital function and the eleventh network element on the data plane.
[0232] In a twenty-fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, where the system includes one or more first sessions and one or more second sessions;
[0233] where each of the one or more first sessions is established between a first device and a second network element and is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the second network element on a control and management plane; and
[0234] where each of the one or more second sessions is established between the first device and a sixth network element and is used for data exchanging between the first device and the sixth network element on a data plane.
[0235] In a possible implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, where the system further includes one or more first bearers and one or more second bearers;
[0236] where each of the one or more first bearers is established between the first device and a third network element and is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the control and management plane;
[0237] where each of the one or more second bearers is established between the first device and the third network element and is used for data exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the data plane.
[0238] In a possible implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, where the system further includes:
[0239] the second network element, configured to interact with the first device on the control and management plane based on the first session;
[0240] the sixth network element, configured to interact with the first device on the data plane based on the second session; and
[0241] the third network element, configured to maintain a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session.
[0242] In the communication method according to the present disclosure, the first network element receives a first session establishment request, where the first session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established; the first network element determines a second network element based on the first session establishment request; and the first network element configures the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element. In this way, by virtue of the first session establishment request, the first network element can determine the first device, the first session for the first device, and the second network element (i.e., the serving C / M-TW-GW) , and a BAS domain to which the second network element belongs; and configure the second network element based the above determined information; thus the first session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the control and management plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the first session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the first session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the first session.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0243] FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic illustration of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0244] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0245] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a basic component structure of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0246] FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a device in a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0247] FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of 6G System conceptual structure according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0248] FIG. 6A illustrates a structural schematic of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0249] FIG. 6B illustrates a structural schematic of another communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0250] FIG. 6C exemplarily illustrates a structural schematic of an exemplary communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0251] FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic flowchart of a communication method for a C / M function according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0252] FIG. 8A illustrates a schematic flowchart of an exemplary communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0253] FIG. 8B illustrates a schematic flowchart of an exemplary communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0254] FIG. 9A illustrates a schematic flowchart of an exemplary communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0255] FIG. 9B exemplarily illustrates a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0256] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic flowchart of a communication method for a C / M function according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0257] FIG. 11A illustrates a schematic flowchart of an exemplary communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0258] FIG. 11B illustrates a schematic flowchart of an exemplary communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0259] FIG. 12A illustrates a schematic flowchart of an exemplary communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0260] FIG. 12B exemplarily illustrates a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0261] FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0262] FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0263] FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0264] FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0265] FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0266] FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0267] To describe the technical solutions in embodiments of the present disclosure or in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings needed for describing the embodiments or the prior art.
[0268] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0269] To assist in understanding the present disclosure, examples of wireless communication systems and devices are described below.
[0270] Example communication systems and devices
[0271] Referring to FIG. 1, as an illustrative example without limitation, a simplified schematic illustration of a communication system is provided. The communication system 100 comprises a radio access network 120. The radio access network 120 may be a next generation (e.g. sixth generation (6G) or later) radio access network, or a legacy (e.g. 5G, 4G, 3G or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electronic devices (ED) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (generically referred to as 110) may be interconnected to one another or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, generically referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. A core network 130 may be a part of the communication system and may be dependent or independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. Also the communication system 100 comprises a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160.
[0272] FIG. 2 illustrates an example communication system 100. In general, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to communicate data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 may be to provide content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, via broadcast, multicast, groupcast, unicast, etc. The communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, between its constituent elements. The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system and / or a non-terrestrial communication system. The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications (such as earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc. ) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of a terrestrial communication system and a non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in what may be considered a heterogeneous network comprising multiple layers. Compared to conventional communication networks, the heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks.
[0273] The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered sub-systems of the communication system. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the communication system 100 includes electronic devices (ED) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (generically referred to as ED 110) , radio access networks (RANs) 120a, 120b, a non-terrestrial communication network 120c, a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. The RANs 120a, 120b include respective base stations (BSs) 170a, 170b, which may be generically referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a, 170b. The non-terrestrial communication network 120c includes an access node 172, which may be generically referred to as a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0274] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any T-TRP 170a, 170b and NT-TRP 172, the Internet 150, the core network 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination of the preceding. In some examples, ED 110a may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with T-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 110d may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0275] The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, such as any suitable radio access technology. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , space division multiple access (SDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA, also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDMA, DFT-s-OFDMA) in the air interfaces 190a and 190b. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may utilize other higher dimension signal spaces, which may involve a combination of orthogonal and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.
[0276] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the ED 110d and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0277] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the core network 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the core network 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by core network 130, and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as RAN 120a, RAN 120b or both. The core network 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b or EDs 110a 110b, and 110c or both, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate via wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and to the Internet 150. PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as Internet Protocol (IP) , Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) , User Datagram Protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and incorporate multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0278] Basic component structure
[0279] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of an ED 110 and a base station 170a, 170b and / or 170c. The ED 110 is used to connect persons, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, for example, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , machine-type communications (MTC) , internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.
[0280] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to) as a user equipment / device (UE) , a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , a machine type communication (MTC) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus in (e.g. communication module, modem, or chip) or comprising the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to using other terms. The base station 170a and 170b is a T-TRP and will hereafter be referred to as T-TRP 170. Also shown in FIG. 3, a NT-TRP will hereafter be referred to as NT-TRP 172. Each ED 110 connected to T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.
[0281] The ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated, e.g. as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna 204 or network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by the at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or processing signals received wirelessly or by wire. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.
[0282] The ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. The memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the ED 110. For example, the memory 208 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by one or more processing unit (s) (e.g., a processor 210) . Each memory 208 includes any suitable volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval device (s) . Any suitable type of memory may be used, such as random access memory (RAM) , read only memory (ROM) , hard disk, optical disc, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, on-processor cache, and the like.
[0283] The ED 110 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (such as a wired interface to the Internet 150 in FIG. 1) . The input / output devices or interfaces permit interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, and / or for network interface communications. Suitable structures include, for example, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, etc.
[0284] The ED 110 includes the processor 210 for performing operations including those operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission to the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170; those operations related to processing downlink transmissions received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170; and those operations related to processing sidelink transmission to and from another ED 110. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing downlink transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Depending upon the embodiment, a downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g. by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the NT-TRP 172 and / or by the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, e.g. beam angle information (BAI) , received from the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations relating to detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, e.g. using a reference signal received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or from the T-TRP 170.
[0285] Although not illustrated, the processor 210 may form part of the transmitter 201 and / or part of the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, the memory 208 may form part of the processor 210.
[0286] The processor 210, the processing components of the transmitter 201, and the processing components of the receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g. in the memory 208) . Alternatively, some or all of the processor 210, the processing components of the transmitter 201, and the processing components of the receiver 203 may each be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or a hardware accelerator such as a graphics processing unit (GPU) or an artificial intelligence (AI) accelerator.
[0287] The T-TRP 170 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a base band unit (BBU) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a positioning node, among other possibilities. The T-TRP 170 may be a macro BS, a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or the like, or combinations thereof. The T-TRP 170 may refer to the forgoing devices or refer to apparatus (e.g. a communication module, a modem, or a chip) in the forgoing devices.
[0288] In some embodiments, the parts of the T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the T-TRP 170 may be located remote from the equipment that houses the antennas 256 for the T-TRP 170, and may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) sometimes known as front haul, such as common public radio interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some embodiments, the term T-TRP 170 may also refer to modules on the network side that perform processing operations, such as determining the location of the ED 110, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the T-TRP 170. The modules may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, the T-TRP 170 may actually be a plurality of T-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g. through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions.
[0289] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 further includes a processor 260 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to the NT-TRP 172, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the NT-TRP 172. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g. multiple input multiple output (MIMO) precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates an indication of beam direction, e.g. BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by a scheduler 253. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining where to deploy the NT-TRP 172, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling, e.g. to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is transmitted by the transmitter 252. Note that “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be called control signaling. Signaling may be transmitted in a physical layer control channel, e.g. a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , in which case the signaling may be known as dynamic signaling. Signaling transmitted in a downlink physical layer control channel may be known as Downlink Control Information (DCI) . Signaling transmitted in an uplink physical layer control channel may be known as Uplink Control Information (UCI) . Signaling transmitted in a sidelink physical layer control channel may be known as Sidelink Control Information (SCI) . Signaling may be included in a higher-layer (e.g., higher than physical layer) packet transmitted in a physical layer data channel, e.g. in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) , in which case the signaling may be known as higher-layer signaling, static signaling, or semi-static signaling. Higher-layer signaling may also refer to Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol signaling or Media Access Control –Control Element (MAC-CE) signaling.
[0290] The scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 may be included within or operated separately from the T-TRP 170. The scheduler 253 may schedule uplink, downlink, sidelink, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (e.g., “configured grant” ) resources. The T-TRP 170 further includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the processor 260.
[0291] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may form part of the transmitter 252 and / or part of the receiver 254. Also, although not illustrated, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253. Although not illustrated, the memory 258 may form part of the processor 260.
[0292] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g. in the memory 258. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, a hardware accelerator (e.g., a GPU or AI accelerator) , or an ASIC.
[0293] Although the NT-TRP 172 is illustrated as a drone only as an example, the NT-TRP 172 may be implemented in any suitable non-terrestrial form, such as satellites and high altitude platforms, including international mobile telecommunication base stations and unmanned aerial vehicles, for example. Also, the NT-TRP 172 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, or a non-terrestrial base station. The NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 may be integrated as a transceiver. The NT-TRP 172 further includes a processor 276 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to T-TRP 170, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the T-TRP 170. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g. MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g. BAI) received from the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 may generate signaling, e.g. to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing, but does not implement higher layer functions such as functions at the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layer. As this is only an example, more generally, the NT-TRP 172 may implement higher layer functions in addition to physical layer processing.
[0294] The NT-TRP 172 further includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. Although not illustrated, the processor 276 may form part of the transmitter 272 and / or part of the receiver 274. Although not illustrated, the memory 278 may form part of the processor 276.
[0295] The processor 276, the processing components of the transmitter 272, and the processing components of the receiver 274 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g. in the memory 278. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 276, the processing components of the transmitter 272, and the processing components of the receiver 274 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, a hardware accelerator (e.g., a GPU or AI accelerator) , or an ASIC. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 may actually be a plurality of NT-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g. through coordinated multipoint transmissions.
[0296] The T-TRP 170, the NT-TRP 172, and / or the ED 110 may include other components, but these have been omitted for the sake of clarity.
[0297] Basic module structure
[0298] One or more steps of the embodiment methods provided herein may be performed by corresponding units or modules, according to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 illustrates units or modules in a device, such as in the ED 110, in the T-TRP 170, or in the NT-TRP 172. For example, a signal may be transmitted by a transmitting unit or by a transmitting module. A signal may be received by a receiving unit or by a receiving module. A signal may be processed by a processing unit or a processing module. Other steps may be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) module. The respective units or modules may be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For instance, one or more of the units or modules may be a circuit such as an integrated circuit. Examples of an integrated circuit includes a programmed FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC. For instance, one or more of the units or modules may be logical such as a logical function performed by a circuit, by a portion of an integrated circuit, or by software instructions executed by a processor. It will be appreciated that where the modules are implemented using software for execution by a processor for example, the modules may be retrieved by a processor, in whole or part as needed, individually or together for processing, in single or multiple instances, and that the modules themselves may include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.
[0299] Additional details regarding the EDs 110, the T-TRP 170, and the NT-TRP 172 are known to those of skill in the art. As such, these details are omitted here.
[0300] 6G intelligent air interface
[0301] An air interface generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and / or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices. For example, an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and / or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (e.g. data) over a wireless communications link. The wireless communications link may support a link between a radio access network and user equipment (e.g. a “Uu” link) , and / or the wireless communications link may support a link between device and device, such as between two user equipments (e.g. a “sidelink” ) , and / or the wireless communications link may support a link between a non-terrestrial (NT) -communication network and user equipment (UE) . The air interfaces may also use UWB technology to perform sensing of the surrounding environment using UWB signals.
[0302] The followings are some examples for the above components:
[0303] A waveform component may specify a shape and form of a signal being transmitted. Waveform options may include orthogonal multiple access waveforms and non-orthogonal multiple access waveforms. Non-limiting examples of such waveform options include Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) , Filtered OFDM (f-OFDM) , Time windowing OFDM, Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) , Universal Filtered Multicarrier (UFMC) , Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM) , Wavelet Packet Modulation (WPM) , Faster Than Nyquist (FTN) Waveform, high rate pulse repetition frequency (HRP) UWB waveform, low rate pulse repetition frequency (LRP) UWB waveform and low Peak to Average Power Ratio Waveform (low PAPR WF) .
[0304] A frame structure component may specify a configuration of a frame or group of frames. The frame structure component may indicate one or more of a time, frequency, pilot signature, code, or other parameter of the frame or group of frames. More details of frame structure will be discussed below.
[0305] A multiple access scheme component may specify multiple access technique options, including technologies defining how communicating devices share a common physical channel, such as: Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) , Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (LDS-MC-CDMA) , Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) , Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) , Lattice Partition Multiple Access (LPMA) , Resource Spread Multiple Access (RSMA) , and Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) . Furthermore, multiple access technique options may include: scheduled access vs. non-scheduled access, also known as grant-free access; non-orthogonal multiple access vs. orthogonal multiple access, e.g., via a dedicated channel resource (e.g., no sharing between multiple communicating devices) ; contention-based shared channel resources vs. non-contention-based shared channel resources, and cognitive radio-based access.
[0306] A hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocol component may specify how a transmission and / or a re-transmission is to be made. Non-limiting examples of transmission and / or re-transmission mechanism options include those that specify a scheduled data pipe size, a signaling mechanism for transmission and / or re-transmission, and a re-transmission mechanism.
[0307] A coding and modulation component may specify how information being transmitted may be encoded / decoded and modulated / demodulated for transmission / reception purposes. Coding may refer to methods of error detection and forward error correction. Non-limiting examples of coding options include turbo trellis codes, turbo product codes, fountain codes, low-density parity check codes, and polar codes. Modulation may refer, simply, to the constellation (including, for example, the modulation technique and order) , or more specifically to various types of advanced modulation methods such as hierarchical modulation and low PAPR modulation.
[0308] In some embodiments, the air interface may be a “one-size-fits-all concept” . For example, the components within the air interface cannot be changed or adapted once the air interface is defined. In some implementations, only limited parameters or modes of an air interface, such as a cyclic prefix (CP) length or a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) mode, can be configured. In some embodiments, an air interface design may provide a unified or flexible framework to support below 6GHz and beyond 6GHz frequency (e.g., mmWave) bands for both licensed and unlicensed access. As an example, flexibility of a configurable air interface provided by a scalable numerology and symbol duration may allow for transmission parameter optimization for different spectrum bands and for different services / devices. As another example, a unified air interface may be self-contained in a frequency domain, and a frequency domain self-contained design may support more flexible radio access network (RAN) slicing through channel resource sharing between different services in both frequency and time.
[0309] The solution described in the present disclosure may be applicable to a next generation (e.g. sixth generation (6G) or later) network, or a legacy (e.g. 5G or 4G) network.
[0310] The proposed System architecture is defined to support 6G X as a service (XaaS service) by using techniques such as Network Function Virtualization and Network Slicing. The 6G System architecture utilizes service-based interactions between next generation services.
[0311] The System leverages service-based architecture and XaaS concept. XaaS services in the 6G System are categorized into three layers. The 6G System conceptual structure is shown in FIG. 5.
[0312] Infrastructure Layer includes infrastructures supporting 6G services. Among them are wireless networks (RAN, CN) infrastructures, Cloud / data center infrastructures, satellite networks, storage / database infrastructures, and sensing networks, and etc. These infrastructures can be provided by a single provider or by multiple providers.
[0313] Each of the infrastructures could have its control and management functions, denoted as C / M functions, for infrastructure management. Each of these infrastructures is one type of Infrastructure as a Service.
[0314] Control and Management (C / M) layer includes control and management services of the 6G System. They are developed and deployed by using slicing techniques and utilizing resource provided by infrastructure layer. 6G services in Control and Management (C / M) layer are:
[0315] - Resource Management (RM) as a Service provides a capability of life-cycle management of a variety of slices and over-the-air resource assignment to wireless devices.
[0316] - Mission Management (MM) as a Service provides a capability to program provisioning of XaaS services at Service Layer to provide mission services.
[0317] - Confederation Network (CONET) as a Service provides a capability to enable multiple partners jointly provide 6G services. This capability is provided by confederation formation, mutual authentication, mutual authorization among partners and negotiation of agreement on recording and retracing of selected actions performed by partners, in order to assure a trustworthy environment of 6G System operations.
[0318] - Service Provisioning Management (SPM) as a Service provides a capability of control and management of 6G service access by customers and provisioning of requested services. The capability is provided by unified mutual authentication, authorization and policy, key management, QoS assurance and charging between any pair of XaaS service provider and customer. The customers include end-customers not only in physical world, but also digital representatives in digital world.
[0319] - Connectivity Management (CM) as a Service leverages 5G connectivity management functions, but with extension to include digital world.
[0320] - Protocol as a Service provides a capability to design service customized protocol stacks for identified interfaces. The protocol stacks could be pre-defined for on-demand selection, or could be on-demand designed.
[0321] - Network Security as a Service provides a capability for owners of infrastructures to detect potential security risks of their infrastructures.
[0322] A 6G mission is defined as a service provided to customers by the 6G System. A mission can be a type of services which is provided by a single 6G XaaS service or a type of services that needs contributions from multiple XaaS services.
[0323] XaaS services in C / M Layer support control and management of the 6G System itself and also provide support to verticals if requested. One example is that RM service can serve RAN for over-the-air resource management and can also provide service to a vertical for the vertical’s over-the-air resource allocation to its end-customers. The XaaS in C / M layer can be deployed by using slicing technique.
[0324] Service Layer includes 6G services which provide services to customers. In the 6G System conceptual structure:
[0325] - AI service may be denoted as NET4AI as a Service. Artificial Intelligence service provides AI capability to support a variety of AI applications.
[0326] - Service of data collection, data sanitization, data analysis and data delivery are denoted as DAM as a Service, this service provides a capability of lifecycle management of statistic data, including acquisition, de-privatization, analysis and delivery of data which are information statistic data from any types of sensors, devices, network functions, and etc.
[0327] - Service of storage and sharing of data may be denoted as NET4Data as a Service, this service provides a capability to trustworthily storage and share data under the control of owners of data and following recognized authorities’ regulations on control of identified data.
[0328] - Service to provide digital world may be denoted as NET4DW as a Service, Digital World service provides a capability to construct, control and manage digital world. Digital world is defined as digital realization of physical world.
[0329] - 6G block chain service may be denoted as NET4BC as a Service. 6G connectivity service is denoted as NET4Con as a Service. This service provides a capability to support 6G block chain services.
[0330] - Enhanced connectivity service, e.g., network for connectivity (NET4CON) as a service. This service provides a capability to support exchange of messages and data among new 6G services.
[0331] All XaaS services at this Layer are developed and deployed by using resource provided in infrastructure and utilizing Network Function Virtualization and Slicing techniques. The capability of each of 6G services is provided by its control and management functions and service specific data process functions.
[0332] In addition to support 6G XaaS services at Service Layer, 6G System leverages 5G System for provisioning of vertical services. The difference between 6G XaaS services and other verticals are that a vertical is a pure customer which needs other XaaS services to enable its operation, while each of XaaS services provide their capabilities to 6G customers.
[0333] Any pair of XaaS services of the 6G System could also be mutual customer and provider of each other. Some of examples are that an infrastructure owner provides its resource to XaaS services in Service Layer and C / M Layer; RM services may need the capabilities provided by NET4AI, DAM and NET4DW for its resource management for vertical slicing; CONET service and NET4Data service may need the capability provided by NET4BC for their operation.
[0334] In a XaaS service module, there are one or multiple network functions, these network functions can be classified into two categories: C / M function is used for control and management, data processing function (also can be referred to as data function) is used for processing data, the data processing function is only existed in the XaaS services at the service layer.
[0335] The key concepts of 6G System includes:
[0336] - Define Basic XaaS Services by decoupling comprehensive types of services into basic XaaS services. A basic XaaS service provides unique capability to enable a specific type of service, such as NET4AI service, NET4DW service, DAM service, NET4Data service, Block chain service, mission management service, etc.
[0337] - Allow joint operation of the 6G System by multiple partners.
[0338] - Define Data Plane of the 6G System which includes processing functions of data plane of XaaS services. Programing the interconnection of these functions, by mission management service, enables to support a variety of customized customer services. Data plane defined in 6G system is a collection of data processing functions of XaaS service in service layer, used for processing and transmitting 6G system data plane traffic. Types of traffic data in 6G system include: training model in NET4AI services, raw data collected, post-sanitized data in DAM service, data in NET4Data, data within digital world in NET4DW, data blocks in NET4BC.
[0339] - Simplify 6G System architecture by categorizing basic control services and management services and combining them as basic XaaS services in Control and Management (C / M) Layer.
[0340] - Define C / M Plane of the 6G System which includes C / M functions in XaaS services and may include 5G CP (e.g., AMF) depending on implementation options. C / M Plane of the 6G System is defined as a collection of C / M functions of XaaS services in the 6G System Conceptual Structure and used for C / M plane messages exchange among XaaS services.
[0341] - Simplify SBI interfaces by introducing trustworthy GWs in Data Plane and C / M Plane of the 6G System. The C / M-TW-GW (Control / Management plane TrustWorthy GateWay) provides the abilities of control plane connectivity, anonymous communication, and secure communication, to enable these abilities, the C / M-TW-GW provides following functionalities: establishes and maintains secured tunnel with each of XaaS services, performs decryption and encryption operation when transferring C / M plane message; maintains an authorization profile for each of XaaS services; transfers the C / M plane message. The Data-TW-GW (Date plane TrustWorthy GateWay) provides the abilities to connect data plane functions of XaaS services to enable to anonymous and secured data plane interaction among XaaS services, the Data-TW-GW provides following functionalities: establishes and maintains secured tunnel with each of XaaS services, performs decryption and encryption operation when transferring data packets; data format translation; transfers the data packets.
[0342] - Define Basic Architecture Structure (BAS) which is a unified basic structure with minimized number of interfaces and is independent of types of infrastructures. A BAS is a collection of XaaS services (including C / M plane functions and data plane functions) , TW-GWs in both C / M plane and data plane, and the interfaces between these functions. An infrastructure network that implements a single 6G System BAS is defined as a BAS domain. Each of RAN, CN, a cloud infrastructure, or a wireless device could be a BAS domain.
[0343] - Simplify standardization, development and deployment of the 6G System using the BAS concept, while supporting a variety of infrastructure deployment scenarios.
[0344] - Adapt to a variety of deployment scenarios by applying the BAS or a subset of it to infrastructures based on capability, capacity and requirement of the infrastructure networks.
[0345] - Leverage SBI interface concept and apply SBI interaction in both 6G C / M plane and 6G data plane. -Improve trustworthiness from perspectives of operation of the 6G System by introducing CONET capability, NET4BC capability and anonymous service provisioning provided by the trustworthy GWs in the C / M plane and data plane of the 6G System.
[0346] - Improve trustworthiness from perspective of end customer privacy protection by unified mutual authentication, IDM, data sanitization and etc. provided by SPM service, DAM service and 6G Block Chain service.
[0347] - Simplify roaming management of wireless devices, in physical world and digital world, by unified authentication including all participated partners and customers.
[0348] - Support multiple development paths from 5G System to 6G System by defining multiple architecture options without incurring much efforts due to the introduction of the BAS concept.
[0349] - Support backward compatibility by utilizing benefits of SBA and its add-on feature. 5G users can use the 6G System to access 5G services.
[0350] - Support future extension by adding new XaaS services with minimized impact on standardization and deployment, due to the introduced anonymous service provisioning concept implemented in trustworthy GWs in 6G C / M plane and in 6G data plane.
[0351] In the existing art, 5G system and O-RAN don’ t have the proposed 6G network architecture. 5G system CP SBI uses SCP and NRF, etc., to support 5G CP plane indirect communication but not support strong trustworthiness. 5G system has no Data plane definition and has no Data-TW-GW concept. O-RAN has near-term RIC and long term RIC which are not solving issues that 6G may be facing.
[0352] Many new trends will trigger the consideration and design of 6G / future wireless networks:
[0353] - New network infrastructure capability, e.g., cloud natured / friendly infrastructures that are broadly deployed.
[0354] - New (relative) matured techniques, e.g., AI large scale models, Data de-privacy, Block chain, etc. that have made significant progresses and significantly impact on the entire society and human life.
[0355] - New apps and services, e.g., AI services, Data (sensing) service, Digital world service, etc. that are broadly applied in industry / business and used by individual customers.
[0356] - More global / open / collaborative operation trend, i.e., a more open and more collaborative operation mode are becoming common practice in many fields.
[0357] New expectation and stricter requirements on future networks also drive rethinking and development of new generation of wireless networks. These requirements include
[0358] - Privacy and trustworthiness, etc.
[0359] - Simplified standardization.
[0360] - Rapid deployment.
[0361] - Etc.
[0362] All of the above drives 6G network architecture research work.
[0363] The proposed 6G network architecture (X-centric) are SBA (XaaS service) based and Cloud-native.
[0364] Requirements to 6G System network architecture design:
[0365] > The proposed 6G network architecture needs to support new 6G services which could be developed / deployed by 3rd parties.
[0366] > The proposed 6G network architecture needs to embrace more open ecosystem to open door to technical capable 3rd parties.
[0367] > The proposed 6G network architecture needs to enable better trustworthiness management. The proposed 6G network architecture may enable controlled anonymous interactions among multiple players.
[0368] A framework (which is also referred to as a service framework) enables above requirements to be met.
[0369] The service framework is proposed, which is expected to meet the above new requirements to 6G networks.
[0370] In the present disclosure, a C / M session and a Data session of a device are proposed and their establishment procedures are proposed and described.
[0371] The solution described in the present disclosure is applicable to future 6G networks.
[0372] The proposed C / M-TW-GW and Data-TW-GW could be key potential for 6G products.
[0373] In the following, different 6G system will be described will be described with reference to corresponding figures.
[0374] Definitions of key terminologies of the proposed 6G system are as follows.
[0375] 6G System: a system that provides 6G services and 5G services to 6G consumers / customers.
[0376] 6G device (which is also referred to as device) : a wireless device that is able to connect to a 6G System and use authorized 6G services and 5G services.
[0377] 6G Digital User (referred to as D-User for short) : a digital representative of a user in a physical world.
[0378] Anchor of a 6G D-User: a function associated with the D-User. The anchor of the D-User can be flexibly placed in different BAS domains, based on configuration. The anchor of the D-User is configured to receive incoming calls and initiate calls to 3rd parties on behalf of the user.
[0379] C / M Radio Bearer (C / M RB) of a 6G device: over-the-air connection for carrying control signaling for over-the-air interface management and C / M plane messages. A 6G device can have multiple C / M RBs.
[0380] Data Radio Bearer (Data RB) of a 6G device: over-the-air connection for carrying Data plane traffic. A 6G device can have multiple Data RBs.
[0381] RB endpoint: endpoint of an RB at network side. An endpoint of a RB protocol stack (e.g., PDCP) can be in, e.g., a RAN BAS domain, but not limited to. In other words, a RB endpoint can be flexibly deployed / selected for a device.
[0382] RB handler: over-the-air interface protocol stack handler. An RB handler is defined as a logical function which performs RB protocol stack operations after getting configurations. The protocol stack handler is a PDCP-only handler or a whole protocol stack handler. The RB handler accepts RB configuration from Connectivity Management (CM) service. The RB handler also accepts security configuration, e.g., keying material, from Service Provisioning Management (SPM) service.
[0383] C / M session of a 6G device: secured logical connection between a 6G device and its serving C / M-TW-GW. The 6G device uses this connection to communicate with 6G systems. The connection is used for C / M plane messages exchange between the device and the 6G system.
[0384] Serving C / M-TW-GW of a device: endpoint of a C / M session of a device at network side. The service C / M-TW-GW of the device can be in any BAS domain / infrastructure domain.
[0385] Data session of a 6G device: secured logical connection between a 6G device and its serving Data-TW-GW. The connection is used for data plane packets exchange between the device and the 6G system.
[0386] Serving Data-TW-GW of a device: endpoint of a Data session of a device. The Data-TW-GW of the device can be in any BAS domain.
[0387] C / M session of a 6G D-User / anchor: secured logical connection between a D-User / anchor (in NET4DW) and its serving C / M-TW-GW. The connection is used for C / M plane messages exchange between the D-User and its physical user, and external 3rd parties.
[0388] Data session of a 6G D-User / anchor: a secured logical connection between a D-User / anchor (in NET4DW) and its serving Data-TW-GW. The connection is used for data plane packets exchange between the D-User and its physical user, and external 3rd parties.
[0389] It should be noted that the proposed solution is applicable to future generation systems and future generation devices, 6G system and 6G devices mentioned throughout the text are for illustrative purpose, which should not be construed as limitations.
[0390] FIG. 6A illustrates a structural schematic of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication system includes a first network element, a second network element, a third network element and a sixth network element. The first network element can be a C / M function in a BAS domain (for example, BAS domain 1 shown in FIG. 6A) , the second network element can be a serving C / M-TW-GW (control / management plane trustworthy GW) for a first device (which is also referred to as 6G device mentioned above) in the same BAS domain as the first network element, the sixth network element can be a serving Data-TW-GW (Data plane trustworthy GW) for the first device in the same BAS domain as the first network element, that is, the sixth and second network elements are both serving gateways in BAS domain 1, the determination of the serving C / M-TW-GW and serving Data-TW-GW will be described in detail below. The third network element can be a RB handler, which is configured for maintaining a first mapping between a first bearer and a first session for the first device, and maintaining a second mapping between a second bearer and a second session for the first device, where the first session is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the second network element, and the second session is used for data exchanging between the first device and the sixth network element. It should be noted that the indicative of the first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device can be implemented as indicating the correspondence between the first bearer and the first session, for example, indicating a pair of an ID of the first bearer and an ID of the first session. As an exemplary illustration, the first session can be a C / M session, the second session can be a data session, the first bearer can be a C / M RB, the second bearer can be data RB.
[0391] The C / M function in the BAS domain is configured to control and manage topology of the BAS domain, e.g., logical connections between XaaS services and GWs (including serving C / M-TW-GWs and serving Data-TW-GWs for the first device / D-Users / any types of customers) in such a domain, and control the first device (e.g., 6G devices) / D-Users / any types of customers to access 6G system by managing C / M session and data session. XaaS services have their own C / M function entities (for realizing their C / M functions of XaaS service modules) and data function entities (for realizing their data processing functions of XaaS service modules) in the same BAS domain as the C / M function, verticals also have their own C / M function entities and data function entities in the same BAS domain as the C / M function, the serving C / M-TW-GW under control of the C / M function in the BAS domain is configured to provide capabilities to connect the C / M function entities of XaaS services and verticals in a BAS domain, in order to enable anonymous and secured C / M plane interaction among XaaS services following authorization profiles of XaaS services, as well as anonymous and secured C / M plane interaction among verticals. The serving Data-TW-GW under control of the C / M function in the BAS domain is configured to provide capabilities to connect the data function entities of XaaS services and verticals in a BAS domain, to enable anonymous and secured data plane interaction among XaaS services, as well as anonymous and secured data plane interaction among verticals to manage assured service performance.
[0392] The aforementioned C / M function entity of the XaaS service performs control and management plane functions that are for purpose of network control and management, and also supports signaling exchanging of the XaaS service on the C / M plane. Different C / M function entities are connected via the C / M-TW-GW for supporting anonymous and secured C / M plane interaction among XaaS services.
[0393] The aforementioned data function entity of the XaaS service can be a processer which processes data plane traffic, such as NET4AI entity is for model training, etc., and also supports data exchanging of the XaaS service on the data plane. Different data function entities are connected via the Data-TW-GW for supporting anonymous and secured data plane interaction among XaaS services.
[0394] The vertical is a business or industry customer, which is different from an individual wireless device. It could have its dedicated network resource, or integrate its self-defined functions with network functions, could have its own customers, etc. For example, the vertical here may be a kind of service running on the basis of a network provided by e.g., an operator, the vertical per se normally does not own such a network, but may also be able to provide a service to users based on the network, so from the perspective of the operator, such service can be regarded as a vertical. For example, some chatting applications do not have their networks, but can also provide services to users, these chatting applications can be regarded as verticals. The vertical may also have its own server (s) , and its own C / M function entity / entities and data function entity / entities, so in order to make it possible for the vertical to provide a service to users, the C / M-TW-GW and the C / M function entity of the vertical needs to be connected and the Data-TW-GW and the data function entity of the vertical needs to be connected. It should be noted that although examples in the following description are shown with respect to C / M and data entities of XaaS service, but they would also be applicable for C / M and data entities of the vertical.
[0395] The C / M function is respectively connected to the C / M-TW-GW and Data-TW-GW in the same domain, e.g., via internal interfaces. Different C / M-TW-GWs or different Data-TW-GWs in the same domain may be connected e.g., via external interfaces. That is, the internal interfaces are specified as interfaces between the C / M function and the C / M-TW-GW in the same domain under control of the C / M function, and between the C / M function and the Data-TW-GW in the same domain under control of the C / M function, all interfaces other than the internal interfaces are called external interfaces.
[0396] As shown in the communication system of FIG. 6A, the first network element, the second network element and the sixth network element are in the same domain, the first network element is communicatively connected to the second network element and the sixth network element via internal interfaces and configured to control operations of the second network element and the sixth network element. The second network element is communicatively connected to the first device through the first session, and is configured to interact with the first device on a control and management plane based on the first session. The sixth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through the second session, and configured to interact with the first device on a data plane based on the second session. The third network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a first bearer and a second bearer, and configured to maintain a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session, where the first bearer is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the control and management plane, and the second bearer is used for data exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the data plane. It should be noted that the indicative of the second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device can be implemented as indicating the correspondence between the second bearer and the second session, for example, indicating a pair of an ID of the second bearer and an ID of the second session.
[0397] In an impossible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication system may be across multiple BAS domains, and may include multiple C / M functions, multiple C / M-TW-GWs and multiple Data-TW-GWs in the multiple BAS domains, and the C / M functions in different BAS domains may be connected, and each of the C / M functions is configured to control and manage the C / M-TW-GW (s) and the Data-TW-GW (s) in the domain to which the C / M function belongs. Besides, a C / M-TW-GW in one BAS domain may be communicatively connected to a C / M-TW-GW in another BAS domain, and a Data-TW-GW in one BAS domain may be communicatively connected to a Data-TW-GW in another BAS domain accordingly.
[0398] FIG. 6B illustrates a structural schematic of another communication system across multiple BAS domains, which is different from the communication system in FIG. 6A in that the communication system further includes a fourth network element, an eighth network element and a ninth network element in another BAS domain (for example, BAS domain 2 shown in FIG. 6B) different from BAS domain 1.
[0399] As shown in FIG. 6B, the fourth network element is communicatively connected to the eighth network element and the ninth network element, and configured to control operations of the eighth network element and the ninth network element. The eighth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a first connection and communicatively connected to the second network element through a third connection, and the eighth network element is configured to interact with the first device on the control and management plane based on the first connection and the third connection. The ninth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a second connection and communicatively connected to the sixth network element through a fourth connection, and configured to interact with the first device on the data plane based on the second connection and the fourth connection.
[0400] The fourth network element can be a C / M function in BAS domain 2, the second network element and the sixth network element are serving gateways (serving C / M-TW-GW and serving Data-TW-GW) for the first device, while the first session is still established between the first device and the second network element and the second session is still established between the first device and the sixth network element, the second network element and the sixth network element are indirectly connected to the first device respectively through the eighth network element and the ninth network element, the eighth network element is used for forwarding information to configure the second network element so as to establish the C / M session between the first device and the second network element, and the ninth network element is used for helping data exchanging over the data session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0401] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, a digital function (which is also referred to as anchor of a digital user mentioned above) associated with the first device is deployed in a fourth service, e.g., the fourth service may be the aforementioned NET4DW.
[0402] Here the digital function associated with the first device can be called an anchor of a digital user, such digital user is a representative of a physical user who uses the first device, so the digital user can then handle events on behalf of the physical user, such intelligent setting would reduce the handling pressure of the physical user. For example, when there is an incoming call, the digital function can check if this incoming call is desirable or not, e.g., by communicating with the operator, then if such incoming call is not desirable (e.g., crank calls) , then the digital function may directly reject the incoming call, the whole process is imperceptible to the physical user, the physical user no longer needs to operate the first device, thus improving the user experience. For another example, the digital function can also be trained in advance so that it could deal with most transactions of the physical user, so the physical user can decide the extent to which the digital user replaces the physical user to handle events and train the digital function accordingly, more flexibility is thus given to user in configuring the digital function.
[0403] In order to make sure that the digital function can work normally, sessions similar to the above first session and second session are necessary. In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, one or more third sessions are established between the digital function associated with the first device and a tenth network element and each of the one or more third sessions is used for signaling exchanging between the digital function and the tenth network element on the control and management plane; and one or more fourth sessions are established between the digital function associated with the first device and an eleventh network element and each of the one or more fourth sessions is used for data exchanging between the digital function and the eleventh network element on the data plane.
[0404] The tenth network element can be a serving C / M-TW-GW for the digital function associated with the first device, and the third session can be a C / M session for the digital function associated with the first device, which is a secured logical connection between the digital function and its serving C / M-TW-GW for C / M message exchanging between the digital function and the first device and external third parties, where the serving C / M-TW-GW of the digital function can also be the serving C / M-TW-GW (i.e., the second network element or the eighth network element mentioned above) for the first device. The eleventh network element can be a serving Data-TW-GW for the digital function associated with the first device, and the fourth session can be a data session for the digital function associated with the first device, which is a secured logical connection between the digital function and its serving C / M-TW-GW for data plane packet exchanging between the digital function and the first device and external third parties, where the serving Data-TW-GW of the digital function can also be the serving Data-TW-GW (i.e., the sixth network element or the ninth network element mentioned above) for the first device.
[0405] The establishment of the third session for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the first session for the first device, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the first bearer and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the first session may be used in the same way for establishing the third session but be skipped of including indication of the first bearer, and the establishment of the fourth session for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the second session for the first device, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the second bearer and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the second session may be used in the same way for establishing the fourth session but be skipped of including indication of the second bearer. Detailed explanation will be given later with reference to the establishment of the first and second sessions.
[0406] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, another communication system is provided, the system includes: one or more first sessions and one or more second sessions; where each of the one or more first sessions is established between a first device and a second network element and is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the second network element on a control and management plane; and where each of the one or more second sessions is established between the first device and a sixth network element and is used for data exchanging between the first device and the sixth network element on a data plane. In a possible implementation, the second network element and the sixth network element are in the same BAS domain. In a possible implementation, one or more first sessions can be established between the first device and the second network element, and one or more second sessions can be established between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0407] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication system further includes: one or more first bearers and one or more second bearers; where each of the one or more first bearers is established between the first device and a third network element and is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the control and management plane; where each of the one or more second bearers is established between the first device and the third network element and is used for data exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the data plane. In a possible implementation, one or more first bearers can be established between the first device and the third network element, and one or more second bearers can be established between the first device and the third network element.
[0408] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication system further includes: the second network element, configured to interact with the first device on the control and management plane based on the first session; the sixth network element, configured to interact with the first device on the data plane based on the second session; and the third network element, configured to maintain a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session.
[0409] For the relevant description of the first device, the first session, the first bearer, the second network element, the second session, the second bearer, the sixth network element, and the third network element in the another communication system, reference may be made to the relevant description about the communication system shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that one first session, one second session, one first bearer and one second bearer shown in the figure are simply exemplary, and there could be other number of sessions and bearers in actual applications.
[0410] FIG. 6C exemplarily illustrates a structural schematic of another communication system for 6G, as shown in FIG. 6C, the system includes threes BAS domains, BAS domain 1, BAS domain 2 and BAS domain 3, where each BAS domain includes a C / M-TW-GW and a Data-TW-GW, which are controlled and managed by a C / M function in this domain, where the C / M-TW-GW closest to the 6G device is selected as a serving C / M-TW-GW, and the Data-TW-GW closest to the 6G device is selected as a serving Data-TW-GW, and it should be noted that the serving C / M-TW-GW and the serving Data-TW-GW can be a C / M-TW-GW and a Data -TW-GW in any BAS domain, the example shown in FIG. 6C is simply for an illustration purpose. The serving C / M-TW-GW is an endpoint on the network side for the C / M session of the device, and the serving Data-TW-GW is an endpoint on the network side for the data session of the device. The system further includes an RB handler, which is connected to the 6G device through a C / M RB and a data RB, and the RB handler connects to the serving C / M-TW-GW and the serving Data-TW-GW. Each of Data-TW-GWs may be connect to a data network (DN) .
[0411] It should be noted the premise of establishment of the C / M session and data session of the device is that the C / M RB and the data RB of the device have been set up. Then, the C / M session between the device and serving C / M-TW-GW is established, and the data session between the device and the serving Data-TW-GW is established. Digital user of the device is deployed in the NET4DW in this example.
[0412] In the following, C / M session for a device is proposed to better manage the device / D-User (anchor) to access 6G system. The pre-conditions for establishing the C / M session is that BAS domain logical topology has been established and the C / M RB of the device for which the C / M session is established has been set up.
[0413] An implementation of the present disclosure provides a communication method. Reference may be made to FIG. 7, the method in accordance with FIG. 7 may be based on any of the communication systems shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the communication method may include the following steps.
[0414] S701, a first network element receives a first session establishment request.
[0415] Specifically, the first session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established. In a possible implementation, the first network element can be a C / M function in a BAS domain, and the first device can be a wireless device that is connected to the communication system and uses an authorized service based on the established first session. The first session could be the aforementioned C / M session of the device (the first device in this embodiment) .
[0416] The first session establishment request can be seen as a trigger of the establishment of the first session, and upon receiving the first session establishment request, the first network element can start the configuration of the second network element. Depending on different content of the first session establishment request, the configuration procedure would be different.
[0417] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first session establishment request includes an identification of the first device, for example, an ID of the first device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0418] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the step S701 of receiving the first session establishment request by the first network element can be, the first network element receiving the first session establishment request from a first service, the first service can be a CM (Connectivity Management) service, which leverages 5G connectivity management functions, but with extension to include digital world; and the communication method further includes the first network element transmitting a first session establishment response to the first service in response to the first session establishment request, where the first session establishment response is indicative of the first device, for example, the first session establishment response can also include an ID of the first device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0419] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first session establishment request is indicative of a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element. In the case where the first network element receives the first session establishment request from the first service, that is, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first service (e.g., CM service) , the first service needs to establish a connection between the first device and the third network element through the first bearer before triggering the establishment of the first session, the first bearer can be a C / M Radio Bearer (C / M RB) of the first device, which is an over-the-air connection for carrying control signaling for over-the-air interface management and C / M plane messages, the third network element can be a RB handler. The first service knows the first bearer and the third network element before triggering the establishment of the first session, thus can inform the first network element of the first bearer and the third network element through the first session establishment request. In a possible implementation, the first session establishment request can include an ID of the first bearer and an ID of the third network element.
[0420] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the step S701 of receiving the first session establishment request by the first network element can be, the first network element receiving the first session establishment request from the first device or a further network element; and the communication method further includes transmitting a second session establishment response to the first device or the further network element in response to the first session establishment request, where the second session establishment response is indicative of the first device, for example, the second session establishment response includes an ID of the first device, which is also not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0421] The further network element can be a device other than the first device for which the first session is established, that is, the establishment of the first session can also be triggered by a different device, and such device is not aware of the first bearer and the third network element, so when the establishment of the first session is triggered by such device, similar to the case where the establishment of the first session is triggered by the first device, it is also necessary to interact with the first service (CM service) to get acknowledge of the first bearer and the third network element.
[0422] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes: the first network element transmitting a first bearer request for requesting a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element to a first service, where the first bearer request is indicative of the first device; and the first network element receiving a first bearer response from the first service, where the first bearer response is indicative of the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element. In a possible implementation, the indication of the first device is sufficient to tell the first service that the first network element wants to know the first bearer and the third network element. In another possible implementation, the first bearer request can also carry other information indicating that the first network element wants to know the first bearer and the third network element. In the case where the first network element receives the first session establishment request from the first device or the further network element, that is, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, after receiving the first session establishment request, the first network element may communicate with the first service about the first bearer which has already been established and the corresponding third network element, or the first network element may request, after receiving the first session establishment request, the first service to establish the first bearer and notify the first network element of the established first bearer and the third network element. Then the first network element acquires information about the first bearer and the third network element based on the first bearer response. For example, the C / M function acquires the ID of the first bearer and the ID of the third network element from CM service. It should be noted that throughout the text, although the number of the first bearer established for the first device is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, there may be one or multiple bearers used for signaling exchange between the third network element and first device on the control and management plane.
[0423] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the following steps.
[0424] S702, the first network element determines a second network element based on the first session establishment request.
[0425] The second network element can be a serving C / M-TW-GW of the first device, which is an endpoint on the network side for the first session of the first device.
[0426] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the second network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S702 of determining the second network element based on the first session establishment request by the first network element can include: the first network element acquiring a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the first session establishment request; and the first network element determining the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0427] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the first session establishment request includes: the first network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the first session establishment request.
[0428] The first device can be a mobile device, and the first service (e.g., CM service) can acquire the current position and the movement prediction (such as a movement speed and a movement direction) of the first device, and can predict the position of the first device in the next seconds, minutes or hours, which is not limited here.
[0429] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first service, the first session establishment request can further be indicative of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, and the first network element can directly acquire the current position and the movement prediction of the first device from the first session establishment request, and determine the second network element based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, for example, the first network element selects a C / M-TW-GW closest to the first device as the second network element (i.e., serving C / M-TW-GW) in real-time in the BAS domain where the first network element is located.
[0430] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first service and the first session establishment request does not carry information of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, after receiving the first session establishment request, the first network element transmits a request to the first service and acquires the current position and the movement prediction of the first device based on a response which carries information of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device and is corresponding to the request, then determines the second network element based on the acquired current position and the movement prediction of the first device, for example, the first network element selects a C / M-TW-GW closest to the first device as the second network element (i.e., serving C / M-TW-GW) in real-time in the BAS domain where it is located. It should be noted that when the first session establishment request includes multiple different contents for indicating multiple different pieces of information, the multiple contents can be indicated separately in multiple request / response messages or together in one request / response message.
[0431] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, after receiving the first session establishment request from the first device or the further network element, the first network element transmits a request to the first service and acquires the current position and the movement prediction of the first device based on a response from the first service which carries information of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device and is corresponding to the request, then determines the second network element based on the acquired current position and the movement prediction of the first device, for example, the first network element selects a C / M-TW-GW closest to the first device as the second network element (i.e., serving C / M-TW-GW) in real-time in the BAS domain where the first network element is located. In a possible implementation, the first network element can transmit the request for acquiring the current position and the movement prediction and the first bearer request mentioned above to the first service together, or transmit them to the first service separately, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0432] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the second network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S702 of determining the second network element based on the first session establishment request by the first network element can further include: the first network element determining the second network element based on the first session establishment request and capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element. In this case, the first session establishment request is regarded as a trigger for determining the second network element, so upon receiving the first session establishment request, the first network element may consider the capabilities of the managed network elements so as to determine a proper second network element. Information related to the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element can be stored locally in the first network element or stored in other network elements connected to the first network element, so that the first network element can acquire the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element. The network elements managed by the first network element can be C / M-TW-GWs managed by the C / M function. For example, the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element can be traffic loads of the C / M-TW-GWs, the first network element may select a C / M-TW-GW with the smallest traffic load as the serving C / M-TW-GW, or the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element can be distances between the C / M-TW-GWs and the first network element, the first network element may select a nearest C / M-TW-GW as the serving C / M-TW-GW, it should be understood that the selection criteria is simply for illustration purpose, and should not be construed as limitation to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0433] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the second network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S702 of determining the second network element based on the first session establishment request by the first network element can further include: the first network element determining the second network element based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, and the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element. In a possible implementation, the first network element first determines multiple candidate C / M-TW-GWs based on the acquired current position and the movement prediction of the first device, and then selects a C / M-TW-GW as the serving C / M-TW-GW from the multiple candidate C / M-TW-GWs based on the capabilities of the multiple candidate C / M-TW-GWs. In a possible implementation, the first network element first determines multiple candidate C / M-TW-GWs based on the capabilities of C / M-TW-GWs managed by the first network element, and then selects a C / M-TW-GW as the serving C / M-TW-GW from the multiple candidate C / M-TW-GWs based on the acquired current position and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0434] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the following steps.
[0435] S703, the first network element configures the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0436] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the second network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S703 of configuring the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes: the first network element determining a first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request; the first network element assigning the first session between the first device and the second network element; and the first network element transmitting a first notification to the second network element, where the first notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element. Here the assignment of the first session can be, e.g., give an ID for uniquely identifying the first session.
[0437] In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first service, as mentioned above, it is possible that the first session establishment request is indicative of the first bearer and the third network element, so the first network element can directly determine the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request. In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, as mentioned above, the first network element may acquire the first bearer response based on the first bearer request whose transmission is triggered by the first session establishment request, then it can determine the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first bearer response. In a possible implementation, the first notification is used for notifying the second network element of the fact that the second network element is selected as the serving C / M-TW-GW, and can include the ID of the first device, an ID of the first bearer, an ID of the first session and an ID of the third network element.
[0438] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, after the first network element transmits the first notification (which can be a possible implementation of a first session establishment notification) to the second network element, the second network element receives the first notification from the first network element, and transmits a sixth notification to the third network element based on the first session establishment notification, where the sixth notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, and a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device. The third network element then creates a mapping between the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the second network element based on the sixth notification received from the second network element.
[0439] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the second network element receiving a first acknowledgement from the third network element, where the first acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixth notification. The first acknowledgement can include any information such as the ID of the first device for responding to the sixth notification, as long as the first acknowledgement and the sixth notification are corresponding and the second network element gets acknowledge of the reception of the sixth notification.
[0440] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the second network element transmitting a seventh notification to a second service, where the seventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session. The second service can be a SPM (Service Provisioning Management) service, which provides a capability of control and management of 6G service access by customers and provisioning of requested services. The second network element transmits the seventh notification to the SPM service for security activation of the first session of the first device, and the SPM service can acquire the serving identification and the second network element based on the interface from which the seventh notification is received from the second network element, where the serving identification can be the ID of the BAS domain where the second network element is located.
[0441] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the second network element receiving a second acknowledgement from the second service, where the second acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the seventh notification. The second acknowledgement can include any information such as the ID of the first device and ID of the first session for responding to the seventh notification, as long as the second acknowledgement and the seventh notification are corresponding and the second network element gets acknowledge of the reception of the seventh notification.
[0442] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, both of the seventh notification and the second acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.
[0443] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the first network element receiving a first updating request for updating a first local record from a fifth network element, where the first updating request is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session; and the first network element updating the first local record based on the first updating request, where the first local record includes a mapping among the first device, the second network element, the serving identification for the second network element and the first session. The fifth network element is a C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 1 where the first network element is located, and is used for forwarding the first session establishment request from the first service, the first device or the further network element to the first network element. In a possible implementation, the fifth network element can be the serving C / M-TW-GW (the second network element) , when the first network element determines that the serving C / M-TW-GW is in its BAS domain and the fifth network element which is connected to the first service is just the serving C / M-TW-GW, which is the case later shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B. Besides, as mentioned above, the first network element also knows the third network element and the first bearer, therefore, the first local record can thus be the mapping among the first device, the second network element, the serving identification for the second network element, the first session, the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element.
[0444] In this way, by virtue of the first session establishment request, the first network element can determine the first device, the first session for the first device, and the second network element (i.e., the serving C / M-TW-GW) , and a BAS domain to which the second network element belongs; and configure the second network element based the above determined information; thus the first session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the control and management plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the first session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the first session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the first session.
[0445] FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are interactions among different network elements when the establishment of the first session is triggered in different ways. The method shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B may be based on the communication system shown in FIG. 6A.
[0446] FIG. 8A illustrates an exemplary flowchart of the communication method in the case where the first network element and the second network element are in the same BAS domain (for example, BAS domain 1) , and the first session for the first device is triggered by the first service, and the method includes the following steps.
[0447] S801A, the first network element receives a first session establishment request from a first service. Reference may be made to relevant part in S701 for detailed description.
[0448] S802A, the first network element determines the second network element based on the first session establishment request. Reference may be made to relevant part in S702 for detailed description
[0449] S803A, the first network element determines a first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request; and assigns the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0450] S804A, the first network element transmits a first notification to the second network element, and the second network element receives the first notification, where the first notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element.
[0451] S805A, the second network element transmits a sixth notification to the third network element based on the first notification, where the sixth notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, and a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device.
[0452] S806A, the third network element creates a mapping between the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the second network element based on the sixth notification.
[0453] S807A, the second network element receives a first acknowledgement from the third network element, where the first acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixth notification.
[0454] S808A, the second network element transmits a seventh notification to a second service, where the seventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0455] S809A, the second service conducts security activation of the first session according to the received seventeen notification.
[0456] S810A, the second network element receives a second acknowledgement from the second service, wherein the second acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the seventh notification.
[0457] S811A, the first network element receives a first updating request for updating a first local record, when a fifth network element used for forwarding the first session establishment request from the first service is the serving C / M-TW-GW (i.e., the second network element) , the first network element receives the first updating request from the fifth network element, and when the fifth network element is not the serving C / M-TW-GW, the first network element receives a first updating request from the second network element, the latter case is shown in the FIG. 8A.
[0458] S812A, the first network element updates the first local record based on the first updating request, where the first local record includes a mapping among the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0459] S813A, the first network element transmits a first session establishment response to the first service via the fifth network element, where the first session establishment response is indicative of the first device, the serving identification for the second network element, the first session, the second network element.
[0460] S814A, the first service creates an entry including the first device, the serving identification for the second network element, the first session, the second network element, for example, an entry in a profile, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0461] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a C / M session (the abovementioned third session) for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the first device shown in FIG. 8A, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the C / M RB (i.e., the first bearer mentioned above) and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the first session may be used in the same way for establishing the third session but be skipped of including indication of the first bearer.
[0462] FIG. 8B illustrates an exemplary flowchart of the communication method in the case where the first network element and the second network element are in the same BAS domain (i.e., BAS domain 1) , and the session is triggered by the first device or a further network element, and the method includes the following steps.
[0463] S801B, the first device or the further network element transmits a first session establishment request to the first network element, and the first network element receives the first session establishment request from the first device or the further network element. Reference may be made to relevant part in S701 for detailed description.
[0464] S802B, the first network element transmits a first bearer request for requesting a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element to a first service. Reference may be made to relevant part in S701 for detailed description.
[0465] S803B, the first network element receives a first bearer response from the first service, where the first bearer response is indicative of the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0466] The steps of S804B to S814B are the same as those of S802A to S812A respectively, which will not be repeated here.
[0467] S815B, the first network element transmits a second session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, and the first device or the further network element receives the second session establishment response from the first network element.
[0468] S816B, the first network element transmits a notification which is indicative of the first device, the serving identification for the second network element, the first session, the second network element to the first service. In this case, although the establishment of the first session is triggered by the first device or further network element, the first network element will still notify the first service of the establishment of the first session.
[0469] S817B, the first service creates an entry including the first device, the serving identification for the second network element, the first session, the second network element, for example, an entry in a profile, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0470] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a C / M session (the abovementioned third session) for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the first device shown in FIG. 8B, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the C / M RB (i.e., the first bearer mentioned above) and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the first session may be used in the same way for establishing the third session but be skipped of including indication of the first bearer.
[0471] The following will describe the determination and configuration of the second network element when the second network element and the first network element are not in the same BAS domain. An example where the first network element is in BAS domain 1 and the second network element is in BAS domain 2 would be taken to illustrate the technical solution of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the example is simply for illustration purpose, and should not be construed as limitation to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0472] In this case where the example where the second network element (serving C / M-TW-GW) and the first network element are not in the same BAS domain (including the following implementations and the interactions shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B) , the following description may be based on the communication system shown in FIG. 6B. It should be noted that in the following description of this case, the first network element in the BAS domain 1 may be the fourth network element in the BAS domain 2 shown in FIG. 6B, the fifth network element in the BAS domain 1 may be the eight network element in the BAS domain 2 shown in FIG. 6B, the fourth network element in the BAS domain 2 may be the first network element in the BAS domain 1 shown in FIG. 6B, the second network element in the BAS domain 2 may be the second network element in the BAS domain 1 shown in FIG. 6B.
[0473] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, determining the second network element by the first network element includes: the first network element determining a serving identification based on the first session establishment request, where the serving identification is used for notifying a fourth network element of the first device and the third network element. The serving identification can be an ID of BAS domain (BAS domain 2) where the serving C / M-TW-GW (second network element) is located, and the fourth network element can be a C / M function in the BAS domain 2.
[0474] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the determining the serving identification based on the first session establishment request by the first network element includes: the first network element determining the serving identification based on the first session establishment request and a first local record, where the first local record includes a mapping between the serving identification and the first session for the first device. For example, the first local record can be a table locally stored in the first network element, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. It is possible that the first device has been served by some C / M-TW-GWs in another BAS domain, so the check in the first local record can help locating the serving C / M-TW-GW.
[0475] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the determining the serving identification based on the first session establishment request by the first network element includes: the first network element transmitting a first serving identification request to the first service, where the first serving identification request is indicative of the first device; and the first network element receiving a first serving identification response from the first service, where the first serving identification response is indicative of the serving identification. The first service can be a CM service mentioned above. In a possible implementation, the CM service stores record (s) of history session (s) between the first device and its serving C / M-TW-GW, when receiving the first serving identification request from the first network element, the CM service determines an ID of a BAS domain where the history serving C / M-TW-GW for the first device is located based on the ID of the first device, and transmits it to the first network element through the first serving identification response. In a possible implementation, the CM service can acquire the current position and the movement prediction (such as movement speed and movement direction) of the first device, and can predict the position of the first device in the next seconds, minutes or hours, when receiving the first serving identification request from the first network element, the CM service can determine a BAS domain in which the C / M-TW-GW closest to the first device is located based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, and transmits an ID of the BAS domain to the first network element through the first serving identification response. In a possible implementation, the CM service can determine the serving identification by combining the above two implementations, for example, the CM service first determines multiple candidate BAS domains where the history serving C / M-TW-GWs are located based on the history record, then determines a BAS domain from the multiple candidate BAS domains based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device; or the CM service first determines multiple candidate BAS domains in which C / M-TW-GWs within a preset distance from the first device are located based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, then determines a BAS domain from the multiple candidate BAS domains based on the history record; finally, transmits the ID of the determined BAS domain to the first network element.
[0476] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first network element configuring the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes: the first network element determining a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; and the first network element transmitting a second notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the first device and the third network element through a third notification, where the second notification is indicative of the first device, the serving identification, the first bearer and the third network element, and the third notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element. In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first service, the first network element directly determines the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request. In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, the first network element acquires the first bearer response based on the first bearer request, then determines the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first bearer response. In a possible implementation, the fifth network element can be a C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 1 where the first network element is located, the third notification can include the ID of the first device, the ID of the first bearer and the ID of the third network element, and the fifth network element is used for forwarding the information included in the second notification to the fourth network element via a C / M-TW-GW which is connected to the fifth network element and is located in the BAS domain 2 where the fourth network element is located, and the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 may simply transmit the information included in the third notification in a transparent forwarding manner, it does not have the right to access the to-be-forwarded information. Here it should be noted that the third notification goes from the fifth network element to the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2, and then arrives at the fourth network element, so the third notification can be a generic term referring to the notification passing from fifth network element to the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2, and the notification passing from the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 to the fourth network element.
[0477] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first network element configuring the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes: the first network element determining a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; and the first network element transmitting a fourth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, where the fourth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element. In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first service, the first network element directly determines the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request. In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the first session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, the first network element acquires the first bearer response based on the first bearer request, then determines the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first bearer response. In a possible implementation, the first network element in the BAS domain 1 can transmit the fourth notification to the fourth network element in the BAS domain 2 based on the serving identification via an interface, where the interface is used for direct communication between C / M functions in different BAS domains, and the serving identification is used for determining the BAS domain (i.e., BAS domain 2) where the serving C / M-TW-GW is located, and it does not need to be carried in the fourth notification.
[0478] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, after the fifth network element transmits the third notification to the fourth network element, or the first network element transmits the fourth notification to the fourth network element, the fourth network element receives the third notification or the fourth notification, the third notification or the fourth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element. After that, the fourth network element determines a second network element based on the third notification or the fourth notification, and configures the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0479] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the third notification includes an identification of the first device.
[0480] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the fourth network element determining the second network element based on the third notification includes: the fourth network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the third notification; and the fourth network element determining the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0481] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the fourth network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the third notification includes: the fourth network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the third notification. The determination of the second network element (i.e., serving C / M-TW-GW) by the fourth network element is similar as the determination of the serving C / M-TW-GW by the first network element in the case where the first network element and the second network element are in the same BAS domain described above, and the function of the first session establishment request above is the same as that of the third notification here, which will not be repeated here.
[0482] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the fourth network element configuring the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element includes: the fourth network element determining a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the third notification; the fourth network element assigning the first session between the first device and the second network element; and the fourth network element transmitting a fifth notification to the second network element, where the fifth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element. Here the assignment of the first session can be, e.g., give an ID for uniquely identifying the first session.
[0483] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, after the fourth network element transmits the fifth notification (apossible implementation of a first session establishment notification) to the second network element, the second network element receives the fifth notification from the first network element, and transmits a sixth notification to the third network element based on the first session establishment notification, where the sixth notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, and a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device. The third network element creates a mapping between the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the second network element based on the sixth notification received from the second network element.
[0484] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the second network element receiving a first acknowledgement from the third network element, where the first acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixth notification. The first acknowledgement can include any information such as the ID of the first device for responding to the sixth notification, as long as the first acknowledgement and the sixth notification are corresponding and the second network element gets acknowledge of the reception of the sixth notification.
[0485] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, when the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 used to forward the third notification from the fifth network element to the fourth network element is the serving C / M-TW-GW (i.e., second network element) , the communication method further includes the second network element receiving the third notification from the fifth network element, where the third notification is indicative of the first bearer, the first device and the third network element. In a possible implementation, the communication method further includes the second network transmitting a third acknowledgement to the fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the first session for the first device, where the third acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session. The second service can be a SPM (Service Provisioning Management) service, which provides a capability of control and management of 6G service access by customers and provisioning of requested services, and used for security activation of the first session of the first device. The process of notifying the second service by the fifth network element is a process of updating the second service, which is similar to the updating process (via the seventh notification) in the case where the first network element and the second network element are in the same BAS domain, here the fifth network element forwards the third acknowledgement to the second service, and the second service transmits a message for indicating a reception of the third acknowledgement. In fact, the updating of the second service can be done directly by the serving C / M-TW-GW if the first network element and the serving C / M-TW-GW are in the same BAS domain, and can be done by the fifth network element in the same BAS domain as the first network element. Besides, it is also possible that a C / M-TW-GW other than the serving C / M-TW-GW even if the first network element and the serving C / M-TW-GW are in the same BAS domain, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0486] In a possible implementation, when the C / M-TW-GW (which is referred to as further C / M-TW-GW below) in the BAS domain 2 used to forward the third notification from the fifth network element to the fourth network element is not the serving C / M-TW-GW, the communication method further includes the second network element receiving the third notification forwarded by the further C / M-TW-GW from the fifth network element. In a possible implementation, the communication method further includes the second network transmitting a third acknowledgement to the fifth network element via the further C / M-TW-GW, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the first session for the first device, where the third acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0487] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, both of the third notification and the third acknowledgement comprise an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.
[0488] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the first network element receiving a first updating request for updating a first local record from the fifth network element, where the first updating request is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session; and the first network element updating the first local record based on the first updating request, where the first local record includes a mapping among the first device, the second network element, the serving identification for the second network element and the first session. The fifth network element is a C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 1 where the first network element is located, and is used for forwarding the first session establishment request from the first service, the first device or the further network element to the first network element.
[0489] As described above, the second network element which is determined as the serving C / M-TW-GW and the first network element may be in the same BAS domain or may be not in the same BAS domain, and from the perspective of the first network element, for the case where the second network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the first network element may consider the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device, and / or the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element into account for determining the second network element, for the case where the second network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the first network element may determine the serving identification based on the first session establishment request and let the C / M function (the fourth network element) in the BAS domain identified by said serving identification to determine the serving C / M-TW-GW. These alternatives may be implemented separately as mentioned above, or may be combined as needed. For example, upon receiving the first session establishment request, the first network element may first check its own C / M-TW-GWs based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device, and / or the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element, and then if there is no proper C / M-TW-GW that could be used as a serving C / M-TW-GW, then the first network element may determine the serving identification (e.g. based on the first local record or through a check with the first service) to make the fourth network element determine the serving C / M-TW-GW.
[0490] FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are interactions among different network elements when the establishment of the first session is triggered by the first service. The methods shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B may be based on the communication system shown in FIG. 6B as described above.
[0491] FIG. 9A illustrates an exemplary flowchart of a communication method in the case where the first network element and the second network element are not in the same BAS domain, and the method includes the following steps.
[0492] S901, the first network element receives a first session establishment request from a first service. In a possible implementation, the first network element receives the first session establishment request from the first device or a further network element, that is, the establishment of the first session for the first device is triggered by the first device or a further network element, the relative processes in this case are similar to that of the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 8B, and will not be repeated here.
[0493] S902, the first network element determines a serving identification based on the first session establishment request, and determines a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request. For the determination of the serving identification, reference may be made to the above mentioned implementations.
[0494] S903, the first network element transmits a second notification to a fifth network element.
[0495] S904, the fifth network element transmits a third notification to the second network element, and the second network element receives the third notification from the fifth network element, where the third notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element. FIG. 9A shows the case where the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 used to forward the third notification from the fifth network element to the fourth network element is the serving C / M-TW-GW (i.e., the second network element) , but not the case where the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 used to forward the third notification from the fifth network element to the fourth network element is not the serving C / M-TW-GW.
[0496] S905, the second network element forwards the third notification to the fourth network element.
[0497] S906, the fourth network element determines a second network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the third notification, and assigns the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0498] S907, the fourth network element transmits a fifth notification to the second network element, and the second network element receives the fifth notification from the fourth network element.
[0499] S908, the second network element transmits a sixth notification to the third network element based on the fifth notification.
[0500] S909, the third network element creates a mapping between the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the second network element based on the sixth notification.
[0501] S910, the second network element receives a first acknowledgement from the third network element.
[0502] S911, the second network element transmits a third acknowledgement to the fifth network element.
[0503] S912, the fifth network element notifies a second service of the information indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0504] S913, the second service conducts security activation of the first session according to the received information.
[0505] S914, the fifth network element receives an acknowledgement for indicating a reception of the information from the second service.
[0506] S915, the first network element receives a first updating request for updating a first local record from the fifth network element.
[0507] S916, the first network element updates the first local record based on the first updating request, where the first local record includes a mapping among the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0508] S917, the first network element transmits a first session establishment response to the first service via the fifth network element.
[0509] S918, the first service creates an entry including the first device, the serving identification for the second network element, the first session, the second network element, for example, an entry in a profile, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0510] For the possible implementations of the second notification, the fifth notification, the sixth notification, the first acknowledgement, the third acknowledgement, the first updating request and the first session establishment response, reference may be made to the foregoing description.
[0511] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a C / M session (the abovementioned third session) for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the first device shown in FIG. 9A, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the C / M RB (i.e., the first bearer mentioned above) and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the first session may be used in the same way for establishing the third session but be skipped of including indication of the first bearer.
[0512] FIG. 9B illustrates an exemplary flowchart of an exemplary communication method in the case where the first network element (i.e., C / M function) and the second network element (i.e., serving C / M-TW-GW) are not in the same BAS domain, and the method includes the following steps. Note that two BAS domains are involved in the example of FIG. 9B.
[0513] As shown in FIG. 9B, different services are connected via different interfaces, for example, Inf as a service is connected to NET4CON at RAN BAS domain via an interface 6G-C / M-1, NET4CON at RAN BAS domain is connected to NET4CON at CN BAS domain via an interface 6G-C / M-3, NET4CON at CN BAS domain is connected to SPM service via an interface 6G-C / M-3, and NET4CON at CN BAS domain is connected to a trigger entity for triggering the C / M session (which is a specific example of the above first session) for the device via an interface 6G-C / M-1.
[0514] Note that an establishment of the C / M session could be triggered by the device, a RB handler which handles the setup of C / M RB of the device, or CM service which controls the C / M RB setup of the device. If the trigger / requester is not the CM service, in addition to response to the trigger / requester after the C / M session establishment, CM service should be informed, an example where the trigger entity is the CM service is shown in FIG. 9B.
[0515] The CM service first transmits message 1 (which is a specific example of the above first session establishment request) to a C / M-TW-GW (which is a specific example of the above fifth network element) in CN BAS domain, and the C / M-TW-GW forwards message 1 through message 2.1 to a C / M function (which is a specific example of the first network element) in the CN BAS domain to which the C / M-TW-GW belongs, the C / M function is used to control and manage the C / M-TW-GW (s) and the Data-TW-GW (s) in this BAS domain. The C / M function determines an ID of a BAS domain, an ID of a RB handler, and an ID of a RB based on a local record and message 1 including the ID of the device; or checks with CM service to determines the ID of the BAS domain, the ID of the RB handler, and the ID of the RB, then the C / M function transmits message 2.3 (which is a specific example of the above second notification) including the ID of the device, the ID of the BAS domain, the ID of the RB handler and the ID of the RB to the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain. The C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain transmits message 3 (which is a specific example of the above third notification) to a C / M-TW-GW in a BAS domain (e.g., RAN BAS domain shown in figure) as indicated in message 2.3, and the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain forwards message 3 to a C / M function (which is a specific example of the above fourth network element) in the RAN BAS domain via message 4.1 (still a specific example of the above third notification) , and the message 4.1 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the RB handler and the ID of the RB. The C / M function in the RAN BAS domain determines a serving C / M-TW-GW of the device based on the received message, assigns an ID of the C / M session for the device; and informs the selected serving C / M-TW-GW the assignment via message 4.3 (which is a specific example of the above fifth notification) , message 4.3 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the RB handler, the ID of the RB and the ID of the C / M session. The example shown in FIG. 9B is that the C / M-TW-GW used to forward message 3 from CN BAS domain to the C / M function in the RAN BAS domain is the serving C / M-TW-GW, and the C / M-TW-GW only transparently transmits the message 3 during the forwarding and has no right to access content included in message 3. It should be understood that the solution of the present disclosure is also applicable for the case where the C / M-TW-GW used to forward message 3 from CN BAS domain to the C / M function in the RAN BAS domain is not the serving C / M-TW-GW.
[0516] Then, the serving C / M-TW-GW informs the RB handler (which is a specific example of the above third network element) on mapping between the ID of the C / M RB, the ID of the C / M session for the device ID via message 5 (which is a specific example of the above sixth notification) . After receiving message 5, the RB handler creates a mapping between the ID of the device, the ID of the C / M RB, the ID of the C / M session for the device and the ID of the serving C / M-TW-GW; then transmits message 7 (which is a specific example of the above first acknowledgement) to the serving C / M-TW-GW in response to message 5. Message 7 can include any information such as the ID of the device for responding to message 5, as long as these message 5 and message 7 are corresponding and the serving C / M-TW-GW gets acknowledge of the reception of message 5. After receiving message 7, the serving C / M-TW-GW transmits message 8 (which is a specific example of the above third acknowledgement) to the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain in response to message 3 via C / M-3 interface, and message 8 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the C / M session for the device, the ID of the serving C / M-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving C / M-TW-GW belongs. After that, the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain transmits message 9 to inform SPM service on the newly established C / M session of the device, and message 9 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the C / M session for the device, the ID of the serving C / M-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving C / M-TW-GW belongs. The SPM service conducts security activation of the C / M session according to the received message 9. The SPM service transmits message 11 to the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain in response to message 9, and the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain forwards message 11 to C / M function in the CN BAS domain through message 12.1 (which is a specific example of the above first updating request) , and message 11 and message 12 both include the ID of the device, the ID of the C / M session for the device, the ID of the serving C / M-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving C / M-TW-GW belongs. The C / M function in the CN BAS domain updates the local record based on received message 12.1, transmits message 12.3 to the corresponding C / M-TW-GW in response to message 12.1, and transmits message 13 to the CM service in response to message 1, and message 13 also includes the ID of the device, the ID of the C / M session for the device, the ID of the serving C / M-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving C / M-TW-GW belongs. The CM service creates an entry including the ID of the device, the ID of the C / M session for the device, the ID of the serving C / M-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving C / M-TW-GW belongs in a profile.
[0517] The steps of the communication method shown in FIG. 9B are listed in Table 1 below.
[0518] Table 1
[0519] The symbol “*” in the table refers to interfaces and massages within service.
[0520] The symbol “**” in the FIG. 9B means that this C / M-TW-GW is selected as serving C / M-TW-GW of the device in this exemplary procedure.
[0521] After the C / M session is set up, all involved BAS domains should keep a local record [device ID, BAS ID, C / M RB ID, C / M session ID] used for Data session set up, in case needed. The involved RB handler should keep a local record [device ID, C / M RB ID (may multiple) , C / M session ID] for mapping between the C / M RB and the C / M session.
[0522] Note that an establishment of the device C / M session could be triggered by the device, RB handler which handles the setup of C / M RB of the device, or CM service which controls the C / M RB setup of the device. If the trigger / requester is not CM service, in addition to response to the trigger / requester after the C / M session establishment, CM service should be informed.
[0523] By adopting the above communication method, the C / M session of the device is established and this event is updated to the SPM service for security activation of the session and is updated to the CM service for recording the serving C / M-TW-GW ID of the device.
[0524] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a C / M session for the D-user of the device can be similar to that of the device shown in FIG. 9B, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the C / M RB and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the C / M session shown in FIG. 9B may be used in the same way for establishing the C / M session for the D-user but be skipped of including indication of the C / M RB (e.g., the above C / M RB ID) .
[0525] In the following, data session for a device is proposed to better manage the device / D-User (anchor) to access 6G system. The pre-conditions for establishing the data session is that BAS domain logical topology has been established; device’s data RB and C / M RB have been set up.
[0526] An implementation of the present disclosure provides a communication method. Reference may be made to FIG. 10, the method in accordance with FIG. 10 may be based on any of the communication systems shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the communication method may include the following steps.
[0527] 1001, a first network element receives a second session establishment request.
[0528] Specifically, the second session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established. In a possible implementation, the first network element can be a C / M function in a BAS domain, and the first device can be a wireless device that is connected to the communication system and uses an authorized service based on the established second session. The second session could be the aforementioned Data session of the device (the first device in this embodiment) .
[0529] The second session establishment request can be seen as a trigger of the establishment of the first session, and upon receiving the second session establishment request, the first network element can start the configuration of the sixth network element. Depending on different content of the second session establishment request, the configuration procedure would be different.
[0530] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the second session establishment request includes an identification of the first device, for example, an ID of the first device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0531] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the step S1001 of receiving the second session establishment request by the first network element can be, the first network element receiving the second session establishment request from a third service, the third service can be a MM (Mission Management) service, which provides a capability to program provisioning of XaaS services at Service Layer to provide mission service; and the communication method further includes the first network element transmitting a third session establishment response to the third service in response to the second session establishment request, where the third session establishment response is indicative of the first device, for example, the third session establishment response can also include an ID of the first device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0532] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the second session for the first device can be assigned by the third service (e.g., MM service) or assigned by the C / M function (the first network element or fourth network element mentioned below) in the same BAS domain as a serving Data-TW-GW, the serving Data-TW-GW is an endpoint on the network side for the second session of the first device. Here the assignment of the second session can be, e.g., give an ID for uniquely identifying the second session.
[0533] In the case where the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the third service, that is, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, the second session establishment request can be further indicative of a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element, where a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element. Besides, in a possible implementation, the third service can request the first service (e.g., CM service) to establish a connection between the first device and the third network element through the second bearer before triggering the establishment of the second session. The second bearer can be a data Radio Bearer (Data RB) of the first device, which is an over-the-air connection for carrying data plane traffic, the first service is the CM service, and the third network element can be a RB handler. The third service knows the second bearer and the third network element before triggering the establishment of the second session, thus the second session establishment request can include an ID of the second bearer, an ID of the third network element. In another implementation, the first device can request the first service (e.g., CM service) to establish the connection between the first device and the third network element through the second bearer after receiving the second session establishment request, in this case, the second session establishment request is no longer indicative of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, instead, the first service can inform the first network element of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element.
[0534] With respect to the indication of the second session, in the case where the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the third service, that is, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, the second session for the first device may have been assigned by the third service (e.g., MM service) , so the second session establishment request can be indicative of the second session (e.g., include an ID of the second session) .
[0535] It is also possible that the second session establishment request is not indicative of the second session, in a possible implementation, the first network element can check with the third service to get acknowledge of the second session, e.g., the first network element can request information of the second session (e.g., ID of the second session) from the third service after receiving the second session establishment request, for example, the C / M function requests an ID of the data session for the first device from the MM service for establishing the data session for the first device. In another possible implementation, the second session can be assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as the serving Data-TW-GW. For example, the first network element can assign the second session itself if the serving Data-TW-GW is determined to be in the same BAS domain as the first network element, or it can wait for another network element (C / M function) in another BAS domain where the serving Data-TW-GW is located to assign the second session. Details about this implementation will be described later.
[0536] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the step S1001 of receiving the second session establishment request by the first network element can be, the first network element receiving the second session establishment request from the first device or a further network element; and the communication method further includes transmitting a fourth session establishment response to the first device or the further network element in response to the second session establishment request, where the fourth session establishment response is indicative of the first device, for example, the fourth session establishment response includes an ID of the first device, which is also not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Reference may be made to relevant part in S701 for detailed description of the further network element.
[0537] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the first device or the further network element, that is, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, the communication method further includes: the first network element transmitting a session request to a third service, where the session request is indicative of the first device; and the first network element receiving a session response from the third service, where the session response is indicative of the second session. The first network element can request information of the second session from the third service after receiving the second session establishment request, for example, the C / M function requests an ID of the data session for the first device from the MM service for establishing the data session for the first device. In a possible implementation, the second session can be assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as the serving Data-TW-GW. For example, the first network element can assign the second session itself if the serving Data-TW-GW is determined to be in the same BAS domain as the first network element, or it can wait for another network element (C / M function) in another BAS domain where the serving Data-TW-GW is located to assign the second session. Details about this implementation will be described later.
[0538] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes: the first network element transmitting a second bearer request for requesting a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element to a first service, where the second bearer request is indicative of the first device; and the first network element receiving a second bearer response from the first service, where the second bearer response is indicative of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, where a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element. In a possible implementation, the indication of the first device is sufficient to tell the first service that the first network element wants to know the second bearer and the third network element. In another possible implementation, the first bearer request can also carry other information indicating that the first network element wants to know the second bearer and the third network element. In the case where the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the first device or the further network element, that is, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, after receiving the second session establishment request, the first network element transmits the second bearer request to the first service, one possible implementation is to use the second bearer request for requesting the establishment of a connection between the first device and the third network element through the second bearer, and use the second bearer response as a notification of the second bearer and the third network element, so that the first network element can get acknowledge of the second bearer and the third network element, for example, the C / M function acquires the ID of the second bearer and the ID of the third network element from CM service. The other possible implementation is to simply use the second bearer request for requesting the second bearer which has already been established and the corresponding third network element. It should be noted that throughout the text, although the number of the second bearer established for the first device is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, there may be one or multiple bearers used for signaling exchange between the third network element and first device on the data plane.
[0539] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the following steps.
[0540] S1002, the first network element determines a sixth network element based on the second session establishment request.
[0541] The sixth network element can be the serving Data-TW-GW of the first device.
[0542] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the sixth network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S1002 of determining the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request by the first network element can include: the first network element acquiring a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the second session establishment request; and the first network element determining the sixth network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0543] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the second session establishment request includes: the first network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the second session establishment request.
[0544] The first device can be a mobile device, and the first service (e.g., CM service) can acquire the current position and the movement prediction (such as a movement speed and a movement direction) of the first device, and can predict the position of the first device in the next seconds, minutes or hours, which is not limited here.
[0545] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, the third service can transmit a request for acquiring information of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device from the first service before triggering the establishment of the second session (before transmitting the second session establishment request) , and this request and the second bearer request mentioned above can be transmitted together or separately to the first service, and the second session establishment request can include information of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device. The first network element can directly acquire the current position and the movement prediction of the first device from the second session establishment request, and determine the sixth network element based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device. In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, the first network element can transmit a request for acquiring information of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device from the third service after receiving the second session establishment request, and determine the sixth network element based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device. For example, the first network element selects a Data-TW-GW closest to the first device as the sixth network element (i.e., serving Data-TW-GW) in real-time in the BAS domain where the first network element is located based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0546] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, after receiving the second session establishment request from the first device or the further network element, the first network element transmits a request to the first service and acquires the current position and the movement prediction of the first device based on a response from the first service which carries information of the current position and the movement prediction of the first device and is corresponding to the request, then determines the sixth network element based on the acquired current position and the movement prediction of the first device, for example, the first network element selects a Data-TW-GW closest to the first device as the sixth network element (i.e., serving Data-TW-GW) in real-time in the BAS domain where the first network element is located. In a possible implementation, the first network element can transmit the request for acquiring the current position and the movement prediction and the second bearer request mentioned above to the first service together, or transmit them to the first service separately, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0547] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the sixth network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S1002 of determining the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request by the first network element can further include: the first network element determining the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request and capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element. In this case, the second session establishment request is regarded as a trigger for determining the sixth network element, so upon receiving the second session establishment request, the first network element may consider the capabilities of the managed network elements so as to determine a proper sixth network element. Information related to the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element can be stored locally in the first network element or stored in other network elements connected to the first network element, so that the first network element can acquire the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element. The network elements managed by the first network element can be Data-TW-GWs managed by the C / M function. For example, the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element can be traffic loads of the Data-TW-GWs, the first network element may select a Data-TW-GW with the smallest traffic load as the serving Data-TW-GW, or the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element can be distances between the Data-TW-GWs and the first network element, the first network element may select a nearest Data-TW-GW as the serving Data-TW-GW, it should be understood that the selection criteria is simply for illustration purpose, and should not be construed as limitation to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0548] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the sixth network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S1002 of determining the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request by the first network element can further include: the first network element determining the sixth network element based on the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, and the capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element. In a possible implementation, the first network element first determines multiple candidate Data-TW-GWs based on the acquired current position and the movement prediction of the first device, and then selects a Data-TW-GW as the serving Data-TW-GW from the multiple candidate Data-TW-GWs based on the capabilities of the multiple candidate Data-TW-GWs. In a possible implementation, the first network element first determines multiple candidate Data-TW-GWs based on the capabilities of the Data-TW-GWs managed by the first network element, and then selects a Data-TW-GW as the serving Data-TW-GW from the multiple candidate Data-TW-GWs based on the acquired current position and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0549] It should be noted that under the premise that the serving C / M-TW-GW corresponding to the serving Data-TW-GW has been determined, the serving Data-TW-GW is determined by considering the information such as the current position and the movement prediction of the first device, and the capabilities of the Data-TW-GWs managed by the first network element.
[0550] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the following steps.
[0551] S1003, the first network element configures the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0552] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the sixth network element and the first network element are in the same BAS domain, the step S1003 of configuring the sixth network element to establish the first session between the first device and the sixth network element includes: the first network element determining the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the second session establishment request; the first network element transmitting an eighth notification to the sixth network element, where the eighth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the third network element; and the first network element transmitting a ninth notification to a seventh network element, where the ninth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session, the third network element and the sixth network element, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane. In a possible implementation, the sixth network element and the seventh network element are both under control of the first network element and are both in the same BAS domain, which will be later shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B.
[0553] With respect to the determination of the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, the first network element can be notified of the above information, or it can be simply notified of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, but assign the second session per se.
[0554] In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, the second session establishment request can be indicative of the second session or not. In the former case, the second session establishment request can be indicative of the second session, and as mentioned above, as a possible implementation, the third service can request the first service to acquire the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element before triggering the establishment of the second session, the second session establishment request can thus also be indicative of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, thus the first network element directly determines the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the second session establishment request. In a possible implementation, after the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the third service, the first network element transmits a request to the third service to get acknowledge of the second session, and transmits a request to the first service to get acknowledge of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, then the first network element determines the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the responses corresponding to the above two requests.
[0555] In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, but the second session establishment request is not indicative of the second session, or when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, after receiving the second session establishment request, the first network element transmits a request to the third service to get acknowledge of the second session; and transmits the second bearer request to the first service to get acknowledge of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, then determines the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the responses corresponding to the above two requests.
[0556] In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, but the second session establishment request is not indicative of the second session, or when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, the second session can be assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as a serving Data-TW-GW, rather than being notified by the third service. For the second bearer and the third network element, the first network element can also transmit the second bearer request to the first service to get acknowledge of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, then determine the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the second bearer response corresponding to the second bearer request.
[0557] The eighth notification is used for notifying the sixth network element of the fact that the sixth network element is selected as the serving C / M-TW-GW, and can include the ID of the first device, an ID of the second bearer, an ID of the second session and an ID of the third network element.
[0558] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, after the first network element transmits the eighth notification (which can be a possible implementation of a second session establishment notification) to the sixth network element, the sixth network element receives the eighth notification, and the first network element also transmits a ninth notification to a seventh network element, and the seventh network element receives the ninth notification accordingly, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane in the BAS domain where the sixth network element is located, and the seventh network element can be the serving C / M-TW-TW for the first device, the seventh network element can be determined in the same way as the determination of the second network element described in the above implementations, or can be determined by other ways. Then the seventh network element transmits a fifteenth notification to the third network element based on the eighth notification, the fifteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device. The third network element creates a mapping between the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the sixth network element based on the fifteenth notification received from the seventh network element. In a possible implementation, the third network element may also store the seventh network element.
[0559] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the seventh network element receiving a fourth acknowledgement from the third network element, where the fourth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the fifteenth notification. The fourth acknowledgement can include any information such as the ID of the first device for responding to the fifteenth notification, as long as the fourth acknowledgement and the fifteenth notification are corresponding and the seventh network element gets acknowledge of the reception of the fifteenth notification.
[0560] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the seventh network element transmitting a sixteenth notification to a second service, where the sixteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second session, the sixth network element and a serving identification for the sixth network element. The second service can be a SPM (Service Provisioning Management) service, which provides a capability of control and management of 6G service access by customers and provisioning of requested services. The seventh network element transmits the sixteenth notification to the SPM service for security activation of the second session of the first device, and the SPM service can acquire the serving identification and the seventh network element based on the interface for which the sixteenth notification is received from the seventh network element, where the serving identification can be the ID of the BAS domain where the sixth network element and the seventh network element are located.
[0561] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the seventh network element receiving a fifth acknowledgement from the second service, where the fifth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixteenth notification. The fifth acknowledgement can include any information such as the ID of the first device and ID of the second session for responding to the sixteenth notification, as long as the fifth acknowledgement and the sixteenth notification are corresponding and the seventh network element gets acknowledge of the reception of the sixteenth notification.
[0562] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, both of the sixteenth notification and the fifth acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the second session.
[0563] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the first network element receiving a second updating request for updating a second local record from a fifth network element, where the second updating request is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, a serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session; and the first network element updating the second local record based on the second updating request, where the second local record includes a mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session. In a possible implementation, the first network element receives the second updating request forwarded by the fifth network element from the seventh network element, and the fifth network element is a C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 1 where the first network element is located, and is used for forwarding the second session establishment request from the third service, the first device or the further network element to the first network element. In a possible implementation, the fifth network element can be the serving C / M-TW-GW (the seventh network element) , when the first network element determines that the serving C / M-TW-GW is in its BAS domain and the fifth network element which is connected to the first service is just the serving C / M-TW-GW, which is the case later shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B. Besides, as mentioned above, the first network element also knows the third network element and the second bearer, therefore, the second local record can thus be the mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element.
[0564] In this way, by virtue of the second session establishment request, the first network element can determine the first device, the second session for the first device, and the sixth network element (i.e., the serving Data-TW-GW) ; and configure the sixth network element based the above determined information; thus the second session for the first device can be established, thereby ensuring the information delivering on the data plane for the first device. Besides, the information related to the establishment of the second session can be updated to the second service (i.e., SPM service) for securing the second session and updated to the first service (i.e., CM service) for recording the information related to the establishment of the second session.
[0565] FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B are interactions among different network elements when the establishment of the second session is triggered in different ways. The methods shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B may be based on the communication system shown in FIG. 6B.
[0566] FIG. 11A illustrates an exemplary flowchart of the communication method in the case where the first network element and the sixth network element are in the same BAS domain (for example, BAS domain 1) , the second session for the first device is triggered by the third service, the second session is assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as a serving Data-TW-GW rather than being notified by the third service, and the third service has already acquired the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element from the third service before triggering the establishment of the second session, and the method includes the following steps.
[0567] S1101A, the first network element receives a second session establishment request from a third service. Reference may be made to relevant part in S1001 for detailed description
[0568] S1102A, the first network element determines a sixth network element based on the second session establishment request. Reference may be made to relevant part in S1002 for detailed description.
[0569] S1103A, the first network element determines the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the second session establishment request, and assigns the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0570] S1104A, the first network element transmits an eighth notification to the sixth network element.
[0571] S1105A, the first network element transmits a ninth notification to the seventh network element, and the seventh network element receives the ninth notification, where the ninth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session, the third network element and the sixth network element.
[0572] S1106A, the seventh network element transmits a fifteenth notification to the third network element based on the ninth notification, where the fifteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device.
[0573] S1107A, the third network element creates a mapping between the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the sixth network element based on the fifteenth notification. In a possible implementation, the third network element can also record the seventh network element in said mapping.
[0574] S1108A, the seventh network element receives a fourth acknowledgement from the third network element, where the fourth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the fifteenth notification.
[0575] S1109A, the seventh network element transmits a sixteenth notification to a second service, where the sixteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second session, the sixth network element and a serving identification for the sixth network element.
[0576] S1110A, the second service conducts security activation of the second session according to the received sixteenth notification.
[0577] S1111A, the seventh network element receives a fifth acknowledgement from the second service, where the fifth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixteenth notification.
[0578] S1112A, the first network element receives a second updating request for updating a second local record from the seventh network element.
[0579] S1113A, the first network element updates the second local record based on the second updating request, where the second local record includes a mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, a serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session. In a possible implementation, the second local record may also record the seventh network element.
[0580] S1114A, the first network element transmits a third session establishment response to the third service via the seventh network element for responding to the second session establishment request, where the third session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0581] S1115A, the first network element transmits a message to the first service via the seventh network element, here the message is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the seventh network element and the second session.
[0582] S1116A, the first service creates an entry including the first device, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second session, the sixth network element and the seventh network element, for example, an entry in a profile, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0583] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a data session (the abovementioned fourth session) for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the first device shown in FIG. 11A, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the data RB (i.e., the second bearer mentioned above) and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the second session may be used in the same way for establishing the fourth session but be skipped of including indication of the second bearer.
[0584] FIG. 11B illustrates an exemplary flowchart of the communication method in the case where the first network element and the sixth network element are in the same BAS domain (i.e., BAS domain 1) , the session is triggered by the first device or a further network element, and the second session is assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as a serving Data-TW-GW rather than being notified by the third service, and the method includes the following steps.
[0585] S1101B, the first device or the further network element transmits a second session establishment request to the first network element, and the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the first device or the further network element. Reference may be made to relevant part in S1001 for detailed description.
[0586] S1102B, the first network element transmits a second bearer request for requesting a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element to a first service. Reference may be made to relevant part in S1001 for detailed description.
[0587] S1103B, the first network element receives a second bearer response from the first service, where the second bearer response is indicative of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, where a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0588] The steps of S1104B to S1115B are the same as those of S1102A to S1113A respectively, which will not be repeated here.
[0589] S1116B, the first network element transmits a fourth session establishment response to the first device or the further network via the seventh network element for responding to the second session establishment request, and the first device or the further network receives the fourth session establishment response from the first network element, where the fourth session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0590] S1117B, the first network element transmits a message to the first service via the seventh network element, here the message is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second session and the seventh network element.
[0591] S1118B, the first service creates an entry including the first device, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second session, the sixth network element and the seventh network element, for example, an entry in a profile, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0592] It should be noted that in this example, the seventh network element is shown as an intermediate network element for enabling the communication between the first network element and the first service or the third service, it is also possible that another network element (C / M-TW-GW) different from the seventh network element serves as such intermediate network element, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0593] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a data session (the abovementioned fourth session) for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the first device shown in FIG. 11B, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the data RB (i.e., the second bearer mentioned above) and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the second session may be used in the same way for establishing the fourth session but be skipped of including indication of the second bearer.
[0594] The following will describe the determination and configuration of the sixth network element when the sixth network element and the first network element are not in the same BAS domain. An example where the first network element is in BAS domain 1 and the sixth network element is in BAS domain 2 would be taken to illustrate the technical solution of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the example is simply for illustration purpose, and should not be construed as limitation to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0595] In this case where the example where the sixth network element (serving Data-TW-GW) and the first network element are not in the same BAS domain (including the following implementations and the interactions shown in FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B) , the following description may be based on the communication system shown in FIG. 6B. It should be noted that in the following description of this case, the first network element in the BAS domain 1 may be the fourth network element in the BAS domain 2 shown in FIG. 6B, the fifth network element in the BAS domain 1 may be the eight network element in the BAS domain 2 shown in FIG. 6B, the fourth network element in the BAS domain 2 may be the first network element in the BAS domain 1 shown in FIG. 6B, the seventh network element in the BAS domain 2 may be the second network element in the BAS domain 1 shown in FIG. 6B, and the sixth network element in the BAS domain 2 may be the sixth network element in the BAS domain 1 shown in FIG. 6B.
[0596] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, determining the sixth network element by the first network element includes: the first network element determining a serving identification based on the second session establishment request, where the serving identification is used for notifying a fourth network element of the first device and the third network element. The serving identification can be an ID of BAS domain (BAS domain 2) where the serving Data-TW-GW is located, and the fourth network element can be a C / M function in the BAS domain 2. It should be understood that the solution of the present disclosure is also applicable for the case where the serving C / M-TW-GW and the serving Data-TW-GW are not in the same domain, although the case where the serving C / M-TW-GW and the serving Data-TW-GW in the same domain is illustrated in the description.
[0597] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the determining the serving identification based on the second session establishment request by the first network element includes: the first network element determining the serving identification based on the second session establishment request and a second local record, where the second local record includes a second mapping between the serving identification and the second session for the first device. For example, the second local record can be a table locally stored in the first network element, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. For the content included in the second local record, reference can be made to message 12.1 in FIG. 12B and Table 2 in detail. It is possible that the first device has been served by some Data-TW-GWs in another BAS domain, so the check in the second local record can help locating the serving Data-TW-GW.
[0598] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the determining the serving identification based on the second session establishment request by the first network element includes: the first network element transmitting a second serving identification request to the first service, where the second serving identification request is indicative of the first device; and the first network element receiving a second serving identification response from the first service, where the second serving identification response is indicative of the serving identification. The first service can be a CM service mentioned above. The determination of the serving identification for the sixth network element (serving Data-TW-GW) is similar to that of the serving identification for the second network element (serving C / M-TW-GW) above, which will not be repeated here.
[0599] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the determining the serving identification based on the second session establishment request by the first network element includes: the first network element determining the serving identification based on the second session establishment request and a seventh network element, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane. In this implementation, the principle is to let the sixth network element be in the same BAS domain as the seventh network element, here the seventh network element can be the serving C / M-TW-TW for the first device, the seventh network element can be determined in the same way as the determination of the second network element described in the above implementations, or can be determined by other ways. The first network element can determine the serving identification according to the BAS domain to which the seventh network element belongs, for example, the determined serving identification is an ID of the BAS domain to which the seventh network element belongs.
[0600] With respect to the indication of the second session, it is possible that the first network element knows the second session, e.g., it is aware of the ID of the second session (being notified by the third service or checking with the third service upon receiving the second session establishment request as mentioned above) , then the first network can use the tenth notification / the eleventh notification / the twelfth notification to indicate the second session. In this case, the tenth notification / the eleventh notification / the twelfth notification can be indicative of the second session.
[0601] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first network element configuring the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes: the first network element determining the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; and the first network element transmitting a tenth notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the second session, the first device and the third network element through an eleventh notification, where the tenth notification is indicative of the second session, the first device, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second bearer and the third network element, and the eleventh notification is indicative of the second session, the first device, the second bearer and the third network element.
[0602] In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, and the second session establishment request is indicative of the second session, that is, the second session is assigned by the third service, in this way, the first network element can determine the second session from the second session establishment request. Besides, the third service can request the first service to acquire the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element before triggering the establishment of the second session, the second session establishment request can then also be indicative of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, thus the first network element also determines the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the second session establishment request.
[0603] In a possible implementation, in the case where the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the third service, and the second session is assigned by the third service, but the second session establishment request is not indicative of the second session, after the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the third service, the first network element transmits a request to the third service to get acknowledge of the second session, and transmits a request to the first service to get acknowledge of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, then the first network element determines the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the responses corresponding to the above two requests.
[0604] In a possible implementation, when the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered by the first device or the further network element, after receiving the second session establishment request, the first network element can transmit a request to the third service to get acknowledge of the second session; and transmits the second bearer request to the first service to get acknowledge of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, then determines the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the responses corresponding to the above two requests.
[0605] In a possible implementation, the fifth network element can be a C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 1 where the first network element is located, the eleventh notification can include the ID of the second session, the ID of the first device, the ID of the second bearer and the ID of the third network element, and the fifth network element is used for forwarding the information included in the tenth notification to the fourth network element via a C / M-TW-GW which is connected to the fifth network element and is located in the BAS domain 2 where the fourth network element is located, and the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 may simply transmit the information included in the third notification in a transparent forwarding manner, it does not have the right to access the to-be-forwarded information. Here it should be noted that the eleventh notification goes from the fifth network element to the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 (e.g., the seventh network element) , and then arrives at the fourth network element, so the eleventh notification can be a generic term referring to the notification passing from the fifth network element to the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2, and the notification passing from the C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 2 to the fourth network element.
[0606] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first network element configuring the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes: the first network element determining the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; and the first network element transmitting, a twelfth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, where the twelfth notification is indicative of the second session, the first device, the second bearer and the third network element.
[0607] In a possible implementation, the first network element in the BAS domain 1 can transmit the twelfth notification to the fourth network element in the BAS domain 2 based on the serving identification via an interface, where the interface is used for direct communication between C / M functions in different BAS domains, and the serving identification is used for determining the BAS domain (i.e., BAS domain 2) where the serving Data-TW-GW is located, and it does not need to carried in the twelfth notification.
[0608] It is also possible that the first network element is not aware of the second session, e.g., the second session establishment request does not carry any indication of the second session. In this case, the first network element simply notifies the second bearer and the third network element to the fourth network element, and it may be then the responsibility of the fourth network to determine the second session. In this case, the tenth notification / the eleventh notification / the twelfth notification would not be indicative of the second session (e.g., they no longer include ID of the second session) . The above relevant description of the tenth notification / the eleventh notification / the twelfth notification also applies here, on the premise of excluding the description with respect to the indication of the second session.
[0609] In a possible implementation, the second session is assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as the serving Data-TW-GW, not by the third service, regardless of how the establishment of the second session of the first device is triggered, i.e., by the third service or by the first device or the further network element, the first network element simply notifies the second bearer and the third network element to the fourth network element. So the configuring of the sixth network element by the first network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes: the first network element determining a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; and the first network element transmitting a tenth notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the first device and the third network element through an eleventh notification, where the tenth notification is indicative of the first device, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second bearer and the third network element, and the eleventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element. For the detailed explanation of the fifth network element, reference may be made to the above part where the first network element is aware of the second session, which will not be repeated here.
[0610] In a possible implementation, the first network element configuring the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes: the first network element determining a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; and the first network element transmitting, a twelfth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, where the twelfth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element.
[0611] In a possible implementation, the first network element in the BAS domain 1 can transmit the twelfth notification to the fourth network element in the BAS domain 2 based on the serving identification via an interface, where the interface is used for direct communication between C / M functions in different BAS domains, and the serving identification is used for determining the BAS domain (i.e., BAS domain 2) where the serving Data-TW-GW is located, and it does not need to carried in the twelfth notification.
[0612] In a possible implementation, after the fifth network element transmits the eleventh notification to the fourth network element, or the first network element transmits the twelfth notification to the fourth network element, the fourth network element receives the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification, the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element. After that, the fourth network element determines a sixth network element based on the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification, assigns the second session between the first device and the sixth network element, and configures the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0613] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, after the fifth network element transmits the eleventh notification to the fourth network element, or the first network element transmits the twelfth notification to the fourth network element, the fourth network element receives the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification, the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element, or further indicative of the second session. After that, the fourth network element determines a sixth network element based on the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification, and configures the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0614] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the fourth network element receiving an eleventh notification includes: the fourth network element receiving the eleventh notification from a seventh network element, where the seventh network element is interact with the first device on a control and management plane. The seventh network element receives the eleventh notification from the fifth network element, and transmits it to the fourth network element.
[0615] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the eleventh notification includes an identification of the first device.
[0616] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the fourth network element determining the sixth network element based on the eleventh notification includes: the fourth network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the eleventh notification; and the fourth network element determining the sixth network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0617] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the fourth network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the eleventh notification includes: the fourth network element acquiring the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the eleventh notification. The determination of the sixth network element (i.e., serving Data-TW-GW) by the fourth network element is similar as the determination of the serving Data-TW-GW by the first network element in the case where the first network element and the sixth network element are in the same BAS domain described above, and the function of the second session establishment request above is the same as that of the eleventh notification here, which will not be repeated here.
[0618] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the fourth network element configuring the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element includes: the fourth network element determining the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the eleventh notification; the fourth network element transmitting a thirteenth notification to the sixth network element, where the thirteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the third network element; and the fourth network element transmitting a fourteenth notification to a seventh network element, where the fourteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session, the third network element and the sixth network element, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane. In a possible implementation, the sixth network element and the seventh network element are both under control of the fourth network element and are both in the same BAS domain, which will be later shown in FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B.
[0619] In a possible implementation, the second session is determined by the first network element based on the second session establishment request, then as mentioned above, the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification can be indicative of the second session, so the fourth network element can directly determine the second session from the eleventh notification or the twelfth notification. In another possible implementation, the second session would be assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as the serving Data-TW-GW, not by the third service, in this example, it is the fourth network element that should assign the second session, so as a possible implementation, the determination of the second session by the fourth network element would be to assign the second session. It is also possible for the fourth network element to check with the third service to get acknowledge of the second session, reference can be made to relevant description for the first network element, which will not be repeated here.
[0620] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, after the fourth network element transmits the thirteenth notification (apossible implementation of a second session establishment notification) to the sixth network element, the sixth network element receives the thirteenth notification, and the first network element also transmits the fourteenth notification to a seventh network element, and the seventh network element receives the fourteenth notification accordingly, where the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane in the BAS domain where the sixth network element is located, and the seventh network element can be the serving C / M-TW-TW for the first device, the seventh network element can be determined in the same way as the determination of the second network element described in the above implementations, or can be determined by other ways. Then the seventh network element transmits a fifteenth notification to the third network element based on the fourteenth notification, the fifteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device. The third network element creates a mapping between the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the sixth network element based on the fifteenth notification received from the seventh network element. In a possible implementation, the third network element may also record the seventh network element.
[0621] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the seventh network element receiving a fourth acknowledgement from the third network element, where the fourth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the fifteenth notification. The fourth acknowledgement can include any information such as the ID of the first device for responding to the fifteenth notification, as long as the fourth acknowledgement and the fifteenth notification are corresponding and the seventh network element gets acknowledge of the reception of the fifteenth notification.
[0622] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the seventh network element receiving an eleventh notification from a fifth network element, where the eleventh notification is indicative of the second bearer, the first device and the third network element. The eleventh notification can be delivering from the fifth network element to the seventh network element, and then to the fourth network element.
[0623] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the seventh network element transmitting a sixth acknowledgement to the fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the second session for the first device, where the sixth acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element and the second session. The second service can be a SPM (Service Provisioning Management) service, which provides a capability of control and management of 6G service access by customers and provisioning of requested services, and used for security activation of the second session of the first device. The process of notifying the second service by the fifth network element is a process of updating the second service, which is similar to the updating process (via the sixteenth notification) in the case where the first network element and the sixth network element are in the same BAS domain, where the fifth network element forwards the sixth acknowledgement to the second service, and the second service transmits a message for indicating a reception of the sixth acknowledgement. In fact, the updating of the second service can be done directly by the serving C / M-TW-GW for the first device if the first network element and the serving C / M-TW-GW are in the same BAS domain, and can be done by the fifth network element in the same BAS domain as the first network element.
[0624] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, both of the eleventh notification and the sixth acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the second session.
[0625] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the communication method further includes the first network element receiving a second updating request for updating a second local record from a fifth network element, where the second updating request is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, a serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session; and the first network element updating the second local record based on the first updating request, where the second local record includes a mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session. In a possible implementation, the first network element receives the second updating request forwarded by the fifth network element from the seventh network element, and the fifth network element is a C / M-TW-GW in the BAS domain 1 where the first network element is located, and is used for forwarding the second session establishment request from the third service, the first device or the further network element to the first network element. Besides, as mentioned above, the first network element also knows the third network element and the second bearer, therefore, the second local record can thus be the mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second session, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element.
[0626] FIG. 12A illustrates an exemplary flowchart of a communication method in the case where the first network element and the sixth network element are not in the same BAS domain, and the second session is assigned by the C / M function in the same BAS domain as a serving Data-TW-GW rather than being notified by the third service, the method includes the following steps.
[0627] S1201, the first network element receives a second session establishment request from a third service. In a possible implementation, the first network element receives the second session establishment request from the first device or a further network element, that is, the establishment of the second session for the first device is triggered by the first device or a further network element, the relative processes in this case are similar to that of the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 11B, and will not be repeated here.
[0628] S1202, the first network element determines a serving identification based on the second session establishment request, and determines a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request, For the determination of the serving identification, reference may be made to the above mentioned implementations.
[0629] S1203, the first network element transmits a tenth notification to a fifth network element.
[0630] S1204, the fifth network element transmits an eleventh notification to a seventh network element, and the seventh network element receives the eleventh notification from the fifth network element.
[0631] S1205, the seventh network element forwards the eleventh notification to the fourth network element.
[0632] S1206, the fourth network element determines a sixth network element, the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the eleventh notification; and assigns the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0633] S1207, the fourth network element transmits a thirteenth notification to the sixth network element, and the sixth network element receives the thirteenth notification from the fourth network element.
[0634] S1208, the fourth network element transmits a fourteenth notification to the seventh network element.
[0635] S1209, the seventh network element transmits a fifteenth notification to the third network element.
[0636] S1210, the third network element creates a mapping between the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the sixth network element based on the fifteenth notification.
[0637] S1211, the seventh network element receives a fourth acknowledgement from the third network element. In a possible implementation, the third network element can also record the seventh network element in said mapping.
[0638] S1212, the seventh network element transmits a sixth acknowledgement to the fifth network element.
[0639] S1213, the fifth network element notifies a second service of the information indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, a serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session. In a possible implementation, the fifth network element also notifies the second service of the seventh network element and the third network element, or further notifies the serving identification for identifying the BAS domain in which the seventh network element is located if necessary. It should be noted that in the process of establishing the second session, information about the serving C / M-TW-GW (e.g., ID of the seventh network element, the serving identification for identifying the BAS domain in which the seventh network element is located) could be notified to related network elements if needed, which will not be repeated for brevity in other places.
[0640] S1214, the second service conducts security activation of the second session according to the received information.
[0641] S1215, the fifth network element receives an acknowledgement for indicating a reception of the information from the second service.
[0642] S1216, the first network element receives a second updating request for updating a second local record from the fifth network element.
[0643] S1217, the first network element updates the second local record based on the second updating request, where the second local record includes a mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session. In a possible implementation, the second local record may also record the seventh network element.
[0644] S1218, the first network element transmits a third session establishment response to the third service via the fifth network element.
[0645] S1219, the first network element transmits a message to the first service via the fifth network element, here the message is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second session and the seventh network element to the first service.
[0646] S1220, the first service creates an entry including the first device, the serving identification for the sixth network element, the second session, the sixth network element and the seventh network element, for example, an entry in a profile, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0647] For the possible implementations of the tenth notification, the eleventh notification, the thirteenth notification, the fifteenth notification, the fourth acknowledgement, the sixth acknowledgement, the second updating request and the third session establishment response, reference may be made to the foregoing description.
[0648] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a data session (the abovementioned fourth session) for the digital function associated with the first device can be similar to that of the first device shown in FIG. 12A, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the data RB (i.e., the second bearer mentioned above) and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the second session may be used in the same way for establishing the fourth session but be skipped of including indication of the second bearer..
[0649] FIG. 12B illustrates an exemplary flowchart of an exemplary communication method in the case where the first network element (i.e., C / M function) and the sixth network element (i.e., serving Data-TW-GW) are not in the same BAS domain, and the second session is assigned by the fourth network element in the same BAS domain as the sixth network element rather than being notified by the third service (i.e., MM service) , and the method includes the following steps. Note that two BAS domains are involved in the example of FIG. 12B.
[0650] As shown in FIG. 12B, different services are connected via different interfaces, for example, Inf as a C / M service is connected to NET4CON at RAN BAS domain via an interface 6G-C / M-1, NET4CON at RAN BAS domain is connected to NET4CON at CN BAS domain via an interface 6G-C / M-3, NET4CON at CN BAS domain is connected to CM service via an interface 6G-C / M-1, and NET4CON at CN BAS domain is connected to a trigger entity for triggering the data session (which is a specific example of the above second session) for the device via an interface 6G-C / M-1.
[0651] An establishment of the data session could be triggered by any types of trigger entities, a trigger entity first transmits message 1 (which is a specific example of the above second session establishment request) to a C / M-TW-GW (which is a specific example of the above fifth network element) in CN BAS domain, and the C / M-TW-GW forwards message 1 through message 2.1 to a C / M function (which is a specific example of the first network element) in the CN BAS domain to which the C / M-TW-GW belongs, the C / M function is used to control and manage the C / M-TW-GW (s) and the Data-TW-GW (s) in this BAS domain. The C / M function determines an ID of a BAS domain where a serving Data-TW-GW of the device should locate, an ID of a RB handler, and an ID of a RB based on a local record and message 1 including the ID of the device; or checks with CM service to determines the ID of the BAS domain, the ID of the RB handler, and the ID of the RB, then the C / M function transmits message 2.3 (which is a specific example of the above tenth notification) including ID of the device, the ID of the BAS domain, the ID of the RB handler and the ID of the RB to the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain. The C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain transmits message 3 (which is a specific example of the above eleventh notification) to a C / M-TW-GW (which is a specific example of the above seventh network element) in a BAS domain (e.g., RAN BAS domain shown in figure) as indicated in message 2.3, and the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain forwards message 3 to a C / M function (which is a specific example of the above fourth network element) in the RAN BAS domain via message 4.1 (still a specific example of the above eleventh notification) , and the message 4.1 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the RB handler and the ID of the RB. The C / M function in the RAN BAS domain determines a serving Data-TW-GW of the device based on the received message, assigns an ID of the data session for the device; informs the selected serving Data-TW-GW (which is a specific example of the above sixth network element) via message 4.3 (which is a specific example of the above thirteenth notification) , message 4.3 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the RB handler, the ID of the RB and the ID of the data session; and transmits message 4.4 (which is a specific example of the above fourteenth notification) to the C / M-TW-GW to response message 4.1, message 4.3 and message 4.4 both include the ID of the device, the ID of the RB handler, the ID of the RB and the ID of the data session.
[0652] After receiving message 4.4, the C / M-TW-GW informs the RB handler (which is a specific example of the above third network element) on mapping between the ID of the data RB, the ID of the data session for the device ID via message 5 (which is a specific example of the above fifteenth notification) . After receiving message 5, the RB handler creates a mapping between the ID of the device, the ID of the data RB, the ID of the data session for the device and the ID of the serving Data-TW-GW; then transmits message 7 (which is a specific example of the above fourth acknowledgement) to the C / M-TW-GW in response to message 5. Message 7 can include any information such as the ID of the device for responding to message 5, as long as these message 5 and message 7 are corresponding and the C / M-TW-GW gets acknowledge of the reception of message 5. After receiving message 7, the C / M-TW-GW transmits message 8 (which is a specific example of the above sixth acknowledgement) to the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain in response to message 3 via C / M-3 interface, and message 8 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the data session for the device, the ID of the serving Data-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving Data-TW-GW belongs. After that, the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain transmits message 9 (which is a specific example of the above sixteenth notification) to inform SPM service on the newly established data session of the device, and message 9 includes the ID of the device, the ID of the data session for the device, the ID of the serving Data-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving Data-TW-GW belongs. The SPM service conducts security activation of the data session according to the received message 9. The SPM service transmits message 11 (which is a specific example of the above fifth acknowledgement) to the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain in response to message 9, and the C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain forwards message 11 to C / M function in the CN BAS domain through message 12.1 (which is a specific example of the above second updating request) , and message 11 and message 12 both include the ID of the device, the ID of the data session for the device, the ID of the serving Data-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving Data-TW-GW belongs, the C / M function in the CN BAS domain updates the local record based on received message 12.1. The C / M-TW-GW in the CN BAS domain transmits message 13 (which is a specific example of the above third session establishment response) to the trigger entity in response to message 1, and transmits message 14 to the CM service, message 13 and message 14 both include the ID of the device, the ID of the data session for the device, the ID of the serving Data-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving Data-TW-GW belongs. The CM service creates an entry including the ID of the device, the ID of the data session for the device, the ID of the serving Data-TW-GW and the ID of the BAS domain to which the serving Data-TW-GW belongs in a profile.
[0653] The steps of the communication method shown in FIG. 12B are listed in Table 2 below.
[0654] Table 2
[0655] The symbol “*” in the table refers to interfaces and massages within service.
[0656] By adopting the above communication method, the data session of the device is established and the event is updated to the SPM service for securing the data session and is updated to the CM service for updating its Reachability profile for the device.
[0657] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the establishment of a data session for the D-user of the device can be similar to that of the device shown in FIG. 12B, except that it does not involve any process related to the setting up of the data RB and all the notifications / requests / responses / acknowledgements (if any) involved in the process of the establishment of the data session shown in FIG. 12B may be used in the same way for establishing the data session for the D-user but be skipped of including indication of the data RB (e.g., the above Data RB ID) .
[0658] Next, embodiments of products related to the communication methods will be described.
[0659] FIG. 13 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13, the communication apparatus 1300 may include:
[0660] a receiving module 1301, configured to receive a first session establishment request, where the first session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established;
[0661] a determining module 1302, configured to determine a second network element based on the first session establishment request; and
[0662] a configuring module 1303, configured to configure the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0663] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1301 is configured to:
[0664] receive the first session establishment request from a first service.
[0665] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the apparatus 1300 further includes:
[0666] a transmitting module, configured to transmit a first session establishment response to the first service, where the first session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0667] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1301 is configured to:
[0668] receive the first session establishment request from the first device or a further network element.
[0669] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the apparatus 1300 further includes:
[0670] a transmitting module, configured to transmit a second session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, where the second session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0671] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first session establishment request is indicative of a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0672] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where
[0673] the transmitting module is further configured to transmit a first bearer request for requesting a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element to a first service, where the first bearer request is indicative of the first device; and
[0674] the receiving module 1301 is further configured to receive a first bearer response from the first service, where the first bearer response is indicative of the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0675] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1302 is configured to:
[0676] acquire a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the first session establishment request; and
[0677] determine the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0678] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1302 is further configured to:
[0679] acquire the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the first session establishment request.
[0680] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1302 is configured to:
[0681] determine the second network element based on the first session establishment request and capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element.
[0682] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the configuring module 1303 is configured to:
[0683] determine a first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request;
[0684] assign the first session between the first device and the second network element; and
[0685] the apparatus 1300 further includes a transmitting module configured to
[0686] transmit a first notification to the second network element, where the first notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element.
[0687] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1302 is configured to:
[0688] determine a serving identification based on the first session establishment request, where the serving identification is used for notifying a fourth network element of the first device and the third network element.
[0689] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the configuring module 1303 is further configured to:
[0690] determine a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; and
[0691] the transmitting module is configured to:
[0692] transmit a second notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the first device and the third network element through a third notification, where the second notification is indicative of the first device, the serving identification, the first bearer and the third network element, and the third notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element.
[0693] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the configuring module 1303 is further configured to:
[0694] determine a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; and
[0695] the transmitting module is configured to:
[0696] transmit a fourth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, where the fourth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element.
[0697] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1302 is further configured to:
[0698] determine the serving identification based on the first session establishment request and a first local record, where the first local record includes a mapping between the serving identification and the first session for the first device.
[0699] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the transmitting module is configured to:
[0700] transmit a first serving identification request to a first service, where the first serving identification request is indicative of the first device; and
[0701] the receiving module 1301 is configured to:
[0702] receive a first serving identification response from the first service, where the first serving identification response is indicative of the serving identification.
[0703] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1301 is further configured to:
[0704] receive a first updating request for updating a first local record from a fifth network element, where the first updating request is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session; and
[0705] the apparatus 1300 further includes an updating module, configured to:
[0706] update the first local record based on the first updating request, where the first local record includes a mapping among the first device, the second network element, the serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0707] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the first session establishment request includes an identification of the first device.
[0708] FIG. 14 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 14, the communication apparatus 1400 may include:
[0709] a receiving module 1401, configured to receive a third notification, where the third notification is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established, a first bearer and a third network element, where the first bearer and the third network element are determined by a first network element based on a first session establishment request, and the first session establishment request is indicative of the first device, where a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element;
[0710] a determining module 1402, configured to determine a second network element based on the third notification; and
[0711] a configuring module 1403, configured to configure the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.
[0712] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1402 is configured to:
[0713] acquire a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the third notification; and
[0714] determine the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.
[0715] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1402 is configured to:
[0716] acquire the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the third notification.
[0717] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the determining module 1402 is configured to:
[0718] determine the second network element based on the third notification and capabilities of network elements managed by the fourth network element.
[0719] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the configuring module 1403 is configured to:
[0720] determine a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the third notification;
[0721] assign the first session between the first device and the second network element; and
[0722] the apparatus 1400 further includes a transmitting module, configured to:
[0723] transmit a fifth notification to the second network element, where the fifth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element.
[0724] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the third notification includes an identification of the first device.
[0725] FIG. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 15, the communication apparatus 1500 may include:
[0726] a receiving module 1501, configured to receive a first session establishment notification, where the first session establishment notification is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established, a first bearer between the first device and a third network element, the first session and the third network element, where the third network element is determined by a first network element based on a first session establishment request, and the first session establishment request is indicative of the first device; and
[0727] a transmitting module 1502, configured to transmit a sixth notification to the third network element based on the first session establishment notification, where the sixth notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, and a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device.
[0728] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1501 is configured to:
[0729] receive a first acknowledgement from the third network element, where the first acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixth notification.
[0730] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the first session establishment notification is a first notification from the first network element.
[0731] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the transmitting module 1502 is configured to:
[0732] transmit a seventh notification to a second service, where the seventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0733] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1501 is configured to:
[0734] receive a second acknowledgement from the second service, where the second acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the seventh notification.
[0735] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where both of the seventh notification and the second acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.
[0736] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the first session establishment notification is a fifth notification from a fourth network element which determines the second network element.
[0737] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1501 is configured to:
[0738] receive a third notification from a fifth network element, where the third notification is indicative of the first bearer, the first device and the third network element.
[0739] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the transmitting module 1502 is configured to:
[0740] transmit a third acknowledgement to the fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the first session for the first device, where the third acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.
[0741] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where both of the third notification and the third acknowledgement include an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.
[0742] FIG. 16 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 16, the communication apparatus 1600 may include:
[0743] a receiving module 1601, configured to receive a second session establishment request, where the second session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established;
[0744] a determining module 1602, configured to determine a sixth network element based on the second session establishment request; and
[0745] a configuring module 1603, configured to configure the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.
[0746] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1601 is configured to:
[0747] receive the second session establishment request from a third service.
[0748] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the apparatus 1600 further includes:
[0749] a transmitting module, configured to transmit a third session establishment response to the third service, where the third session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0750] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the second session establishment request is further indicative of the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session, a third network element, where a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.
[0751] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the receiving module 1601 is configured to:
[0752] receive the second session establishment request from the first device or a further network element.
[0753] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where the apparatus 1600 further includes: :
[0754] a transmitting module, configured to transmit a fourth session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, where the fourth session establishment response is indicative of the first device.
[0755] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, where
[0756] the transmitting module is furt...
Claims
1.A communication method, comprising:receiving, by a first network element, a first session establishment request, wherein the first session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established;determining, by the first network element, a second network element based on the first session establishment request; andconfiguring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request comprises:receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request from a first service.3.The method according to claim 2, further comprising:transmitting, by the first network element, a first session establishment response to the first service, wherein the first session establishment response is indicative of the first device.4.The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first session establishment request is indicative of a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element, wherein a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.5.The method according to claim 1, wherein receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request comprises:receiving, by the first network element, the first session establishment request from the first device or a further network element.6.The method according to claim 5, further comprising:transmitting, by the first network element, a second session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, wherein the second session establishment response is indicative of the first device.7.The method according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising:transmitting, by the first network element, a first bearer request for requesting a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element to a first service, wherein the first bearer request is indicative of the first device; andreceiving, by the first network element, a first bearer response from the first service, wherein the first bearer response is indicative of the first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element, wherein a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.8.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request comprises:acquiring, by the first network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the first session establishment request; anddetermining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.9.The method according to claim 8, wherein acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the first session establishment request comprises:acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the first session establishment request.10.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request comprises:determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request and capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element.11.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element comprises:determining, by the first network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and the third network element based on the first session establishment request;assigning, by the first network element, the first session between the first device and the second network element; andtransmitting, by the first network element, a first notification to the second network element, wherein the first notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element.12.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein determining, by the first network element, the second network element based on the first session establishment request comprises:determining, by the first network element, a serving identification based on the first session establishment request, wherein the serving identification is used for notifying a fourth network element of the first device and the third network element.13.The method according to claim 12, wherein configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element comprises:determining, by the first network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; andtransmitting, by the first network element, a second notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the first device and the third network element through a third notification, wherein the second notification is indicative of the first device, the serving identification, the first bearer and the third network element, and the third notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element.14.The method according to claim 12, wherein configuring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element comprises:determining, by the first network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the first session establishment request; andtransmitting, by the first network element, a fourth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, wherein the fourth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer and the third network element.15.The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the first session establishment request comprises:determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the first session establishment request and a first local record, wherein the first local record comprises a mapping between the serving identification and the first session for the first device.16.The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the first session establishment request comprises:transmitting, by the first network element, a first serving identification request to a first service, wherein the first serving identification request is indicative of the first device; andreceiving, by the first network element, a first serving identification response from the first service, wherein the first serving identification response is indicative of the serving identification.17.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, further comprising:receiving, by the first network element, a first updating request for updating a first local record from a fifth network element, wherein the first updating request is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session; andupdating, by the first network element, the first local record based on the first updating request, wherein the first local record comprises a mapping among the first device, the second network element, the serving identification for the second network element and the first session.18.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first session establishment request comprises an identification of the first device.19.A communication method, comprising:receiving, by a fourth network element, a third notification, wherein the third notification is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established, a first bearer and a third network element, wherein the first bearer and the third network element are determined by a first network element based on a first session establishment request, and the first session establishment request is indicative of the first device, wherein a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session is maintained by the third network element, and the first bearer is established between the first device and the third network element;determining, by the fourth network element, a second network element based on the third notification; andconfiguring, by the first network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element.20.The method according to claim 19, wherein determining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the third notification comprises:acquiring, by the fourth network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the third notification; anddetermining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.21.The method according to claim 20, wherein acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the third notification comprises:acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the third notification.22.The method according to claim 19, wherein determining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the third notification comprises:determining, by the fourth network element, the second network element based on the third notification and capabilities of network elements managed by the fourth network element.23.The method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein configuring, by the fourth network element, the second network element to establish the first session between the first device and the second network element comprises:determining, by the fourth network element, a first bearer corresponding to the first session and a third network element based on the third notification;assigning, by the fourth network element, the first session between the first device and the second network element; andtransmitting, by the fourth network element, a fifth notification to the second network element, wherein the fifth notification is indicative of the first device, the first bearer, the first session and the third network element.24.The method according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the third notification comprises an identification of the first device.25.A communication method, comprising:receiving, by a second network element, a first session establishment notification, wherein the first session establishment notification is indicative of a first device for which a first session is to be established, a first bearer between the first device and a third network element, the first session and the third network element, wherein the third network element is determined by a first network element based on a first session establishment request, and the first session establishment request is indicative of the first device; andtransmitting, by the second network element, a sixth notification to the third network element based on the first session establishment notification, wherein the sixth notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, and a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session for the first device.26.The method according to claim 25, further comprising:receiving, by the second network element, a first acknowledgement from the third network element, wherein the first acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixth notification.27.The method according to claim 25 or 26, wherein the first session establishment notification is a first notification from the first network element.28.The method according to claim 27, further comprising:transmitting, by the second network element, a seventh notification to a second service, wherein the seventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.29.The method according to claim 28, further comprising:receiving, by the second network element, a second acknowledgement from the second service, wherein the second acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the seventh notification.30.The method according to claim 29, wherein both of the seventh notification and the second acknowledgement comprise an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.31.The method according to claim 25 or 26, wherein the first session establishment notification is a fifth notification from a fourth network element which determines the second network element.32.The method according to claim 31, further comprising:receiving, by the second network element, a third notification from a fifth network element, wherein the third notification is indicative of the first bearer, the first device and the third network element.33.The method according to claim 32, further comprising:transmitting, by the second network element, a third acknowledgement to the fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the first session for the first device, wherein the third acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the second network element, a serving identification for the second network element and the first session.34.The method according to claim 33, wherein both of the third notification and the third acknowledgement comprise an identification of the first device and an identification of the first session.35.A communication method, comprising:receiving, by a first network element, a second session establishment request, wherein the second session establishment request is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established;determining, by the first network element, a sixth network element based on the second session establishment request; andconfiguring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.36.The method according to claim 35, wherein receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request comprises:receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request from a third service.37.The method according to claim 36, further comprising:transmitting, by the first network element, a third session establishment response to the third service, wherein the third session establishment response is indicative of the first device.38.The method according to claim 37, wherein the second session establishment request is further indicative of the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session, a third network element, wherein a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.39.The method according to claim 35, wherein receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request comprises:receiving, by the first network element, the second session establishment request from the first device or a further network element.40.The method according to claim 39, further comprising:transmitting, by the first network element, a fourth session establishment response to the first device or the further network element, wherein the fourth session establishment response is indicative of the first device.41.The method according to claim 39 or 40, further comprising:transmitting, by the first network element, a session request to a third service, wherein the session request is indicative of the first device; andreceiving, by the first network element, a session response from the third service, wherein the session response is indicative of the second session.42.The method according to any one of claims 39 to 41, further comprising:transmitting, by the first network element, a second bearer request for requesting a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element to a first service, wherein the second bearer request is indicative of the first device; andreceiving, by the first network element, a second bearer response from the first service, wherein the second bearer response is indicative of the second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element, wherein a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element.43.The method according to any one of claims 35 to 42, wherein determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request comprises:acquiring, by the first network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the second session establishment request; anddetermining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.44.The method according to claim 43, wherein acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the second session establishment request comprises:acquiring, by the first network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the second session establishment request.45.The method according to any one of claims 35 to 42, wherein determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request comprises:determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request and capabilities of network elements managed by the first network element.46.The method according to any one of claims 35 to 45, wherein configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element comprises:determining, by the first network element, the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and the third network element based on the second session establishment request; andtransmitting, by the first network element, an eighth notification to the sixth network element, wherein the eighth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the third network element; andtransmitting, by the first network element, a ninth notification to a seventh network element, wherein the ninth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session, the third network element and the sixth network element, wherein the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.47.The method according to any one of claims 35 to 42, wherein determining, by the first network element, the sixth network element based on the second session establishment request comprises:determining, by the first network element, a serving identification based on the second session establishment request, wherein the serving identification is used for notifying a fourth network element of the first device and the third network element.48.The method according to claim 47, wherein configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element comprises:determining, by the first network element, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; andtransmitting, by the first network element, a tenth notification to a fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify the fourth network element of the first device and the third network element through an eleventh notification, wherein the tenth notification is indicative of the first device, the serving identification, the second bearer and the third network element, and the eleventh notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element.49.The method according to claim 47, wherein configuring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element comprises:determining, by the first network element, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the second session establishment request; andtransmitting, by the first network element, a twelfth notification to the fourth network element based on the serving identification, wherein the twelfth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer and the third network element.50.The method according to any one of claims 47 to 49, wherein determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request comprises:determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request and a second local record, wherein the second local record comprises a second mapping between the serving identification and the second session for the first device.51.The method according to any one of claims 47 to 49, wherein determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request comprises:transmitting, by the first network element, a second serving identification request to a first service, wherein the second serving identification request is indicative of the first device; andreceiving, by the first network element, a second serving identification response from the first service, wherein the second serving identification response is indicative of the serving identification.52.The method according to any one of claims 47 to 49, wherein determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request comprises:determining, by the first network element, the serving identification based on the second session establishment request and a seventh network element, wherein the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.53.The method according to any one of claims 35 to 52, further comprising:receiving, by the first network element, a second updating request for updating a second local record from a fifth network element, wherein the second updating request is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, a serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session; andupdating, by the first network element, the second local record based on the first updating request, wherein the second local record comprises a mapping among the first device, the sixth network element, the serving identification for the sixth network element and the second session.54.The method according to any one of claims 35 to 53, wherein the second session establishment request comprises an identification of the first device.55.A communication method, comprising:receiving, by a fourth network element, an eleventh notification, wherein the eleventh notification is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established, a second bearer and a third network element, wherein the second bearer and the third network element are determined by a first network element based on a second session establishment request, and the second session establishment request is indicative of the first device, wherein a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session is maintained by the third network element, and the second bearer is established between the first device and the third network element;determining, by the fourth network element, a sixth network element based on the eleventh notification; andconfiguring, by the first network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element.56.The method according to claim 55, wherein determining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the eleventh notification comprises:acquiring, by the fourth network element, a current position of the first device and a movement prediction of the first device based on the eleventh notification; anddetermining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device.57.The method according to claim 56, wherein acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device based on the eleventh notification comprises:acquiring, by the fourth network element, the current position of the first device and the movement prediction of the first device from a first service based on the eleventh notification.58.The method according to claim 55, wherein determining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the eleventh notification comprises:determining, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element based on the eleventh notification and capabilities of network elements managed by the fourth network element.59.The method according to any one of claims 55 to 58, wherein configuring, by the fourth network element, the sixth network element to establish the second session between the first device and the sixth network element comprises:determining, by the fourth network element, the second session, a second bearer corresponding to the second session and a third network element based on the eleventh notification;transmitting, by the fourth network element, a thirteenth notification to the sixth network element, wherein the thirteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session and the third network element; andtransmitting, by the fourth network element, a fourteenth notification to a seventh network element, wherein the fourteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second bearer, the second session, the third network element and the sixth network element, wherein the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.60.The method according to any one of claims 55 to 59, wherein receiving, by the fourth network element, the eleventh notification comprises:receiving, by the fourth network element, the eleventh notification from a seventh network element, wherein the seventh network element interacts with the first device on a control and management plane.61.The method according to any one of claims 55 to 60, wherein the eleventh notification comprises an identification of the first device.62.A communication method, comprising:receiving, by a seventh network element, a second session establishment notification, wherein the second session establishment notification is indicative of a first device for which a second session is to be established, a second bearer between the first device and a third network element, the second session between the first device and a sixth network element configured to interact with the first device on a data plane based on the second session, the sixth network element and the third network element, wherein the third network element is determined by a first network element based on a second session establishment request, the second session establishment request is indicative of the first device; andtransmitting, by the seventh network element, a fifteenth notification to the third network element based on the second session establishment notification, wherein the fifteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element, and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session for the first device.63.The method according to claim 62, further comprising:receiving, by the seventh network element, a fourth acknowledgement from the third network element, wherein the fourth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the fifteenth notification.64.The method according to claim 62 or 63, wherein the second session establishment notification is an eighth notification from the first network element.65.The method according to claim 64, further comprising:transmitting, by the seventh network element, a sixteenth notification to a second service, wherein the sixteenth notification is indicative of the first device, the second session, the sixth network element and a serving identification for the sixth network element.66.The method according to claim 65, further comprising:receiving, by the seventh network element, a fifth acknowledgement from the second service, wherein the fifth acknowledgement is indicative of a reception of the sixteenth notification.67.The method according to claim 66, wherein both of the sixteenth notification and the second acknowledgement comprise an identification of the first device and an identification of the second session.68.The method according to claim 66 or 67, wherein the second session establishment notification is a thirteenth notification from a fourth network element which determines the seventh network element.69.The method according to claim 68, further comprising:receiving, by the seventh network element, an eleventh notification from a fifth network element, wherein the eleventh notification is indicative of the second bearer, the first device and the third network element.70.The method according to claim 69, further comprising:transmitting, by the seventh network element, a sixth acknowledgement to the fifth network element, to enable the fifth network element to notify a second service of the second session for the first device, wherein the sixth acknowledgement is indicative of the first device, the sixth network element and the second session.71.The method according to claim 70, wherein both of the eleventh notification and the sixth acknowledgement comprise an identification of the first device and an identification of the second session.72.A communication system, comprising a first network element, a second network element, a third network element and a sixth network element;the first network element is communicatively connected to the second network element and the sixth network element and configured to control operations of the second network element and the sixth network element;the second network element is communicatively connected to a first device through a first session, and is configured to interact with the first device on a control and management plane based on the first session, wherein the first session is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the second network element;the sixth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a second session, and configured to interact with the first device on a data plane based on the second session, wherein the second session is used for data exchanging between the first device and the sixth network element; andthe third network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a first bearer and a second bearer, and configured to maintain a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session, wherein the first bearer is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the control and management plane, and the second bearer is used for data exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the data plane.73.The system according to claim 72, further comprising:a fourth network element, communicatively connected to an eighth network element and a ninth network element, and configured to control operations of the eighth network element and the ninth network element;the eighth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a first connection and communicatively connected to the second network element through a third connection, and configured to respectively interact with the first device and the second network element on the control and management plane based on the first connection and the third connection;the ninth network element is communicatively connected to the first device through a second connection and communicatively connected to the sixth network element through a fourth connection, and configured to interact with the first device on the data plane based on the second connection and the fourth connection.74.The system according to claim 72 or 73, wherein a digital function associated with the first device is deployed in a fourth service.75.The system according to claim 74, whereinone or more third sessions are established between the digital function associated with the first device and a tenth network element and each of the one or more third sessions is used for signaling exchanging between the digital function and the tenth network element on the control and management plane;one or more fourth sessions are established between the digital function associated with the first device and an eleventh network element and each of the one or more fourth sessions is used for data exchanging between the digital function and the eleventh network element on the data plane.76.A communication system, comprising one or more first sessions and one or more second sessions;wherein each of the one or more first sessions is established between a first device and a second network element and is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the second network element on a control and management plane; andwherein each of the one or more second sessions is established between the first device and a sixth network element and is used for data exchanging between the first device and the sixth network element on a data plane.77.The system according to claim 76, further comprising one or more first bearers and one or more second bearers;wherein each of the one or more first bearers is established between the first device and a third network element and is used for signaling exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the control and management plane;wherein each of the one or more second bearers is established between the first device and the third network element and is used for data exchanging between the first device and the third network element on the data plane.78.The system according to claim 77, further comprising:the second network element, configured to interact with the first device on the control and management plane based on the first session;the sixth network element, configured to interact with the first device on the data plane based on the second session; andthe third network element, configured to maintain a first mapping between the first bearer and the first session and a second mapping between the second bearer and the second session.79.A communication apparatus, applied to a first network element and comprises various modules configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.80.A communication apparatus, applied to a fourth network element and comprises various modules configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 19 to 24.81.A communication apparatus, applied to a second network element and comprises various modules configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 25 to 34.82.A communication apparatus, applied to a first network element and comprises various modules configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 35 to 54.83.A communication apparatus, applied to a fourth network element and comprises various modules configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 55 to 61.84.A communication apparatus, applied to a seventh network element and comprises various modules configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 62 to 71.85.An apparatus, comprising one or more processors, the one or more processors are configured to execute instructions stored in memory, when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 71 is performed.86.A computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 71.