Method for producing a sorbent with different anions for the sorption of co2

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a sorbent, the method comprising the steps of: reacting at least one monomer of an ionic liquid with at least one crosslinker to produce a polymer; modifying the polymer to produce an amine-group-containing polymer, wherein the at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of acrylate, acrylamide, R1-[CH=CH2]n, where R1 = alkyl, aryl, n≥2, and derivatives thereof, wherein the at least one monomer is a monomer of formula 1, formula 1, where R2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl, and X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH-), ethyl sulfonate (EtSO4-), dicyanamide (C2N3-), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSI-), CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, where R = C1-C6 alkyl. The invention also relates to a sorbent, to the use of the sorbent, and to a method for the sorption of CO2.

Description

[0001]2023 / 1353 (K 33220) Description "Process for producing a sorbent with different anions for the sorption of CO2" The invention relates to a process for producing a sorbent, a sorbent, the use of the sorbent for the sorption of CO2 and a process for the sorption of CO2. Different technologies can be used for carbon dioxide capture. These can be roughly categorized according to their mode of operation. In the removal of carbon dioxide, a distinction is made between point sources from industrial processes and the ambient air. In the direct air capture process (DAC) for carbon dioxide extraction, ambient air is passed through a filter medium (sorbent) which removes the CO2 from the gas mixture. The filter media used and the underlying process phases can be relatively different.For CO2 capture, approaches using solvents, filter membranes, organic and inorganic, chemical, and physical sorbents and hybrid sorbents are being pursued. Controllable parameters such as time, air mass flow, air pressure, temperature, humidity, etc. increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the systems. The selective uptake of substances by other substances is collectively referred to as sorption. A distinction is made between uptake within a solid body (absorption) and deposition on the surface (adsorption). If the described effects of the sorbent (sorbent or sorbent) occur simultaneously and overlap, the collective term "sorption" is also used. Conversely, the detachment of adsorbed substances from surfaces is called desorption. In principle, two different mechanisms can be identified for the uptake of gases by solid sorbents.In chemisorption, the 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) sorbent—the substance to be sorbed—adheres to the sorbent through chemical bonding. Activation energy, which is possible over a wide temperature range, allows binding to occur at specific locations within a monolayer. The chemical bonding process can occur at different speeds and is often reversible. Sorption capacity is another criterion that may be of interest depending on the sorption process. Therefore, it is of particular interest to control the sorption capacities and properties of sorbents. Sorbents based on divinylbenzene are disclosed, among others, in He et al., ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2002, 10, 2556-2568, and Guo et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 12812-12821. Sorbents based on ionic liquids are described, among others, in Kessaratikoon et al., The Journal of Organic Chemistry 202388 (8), 4894-4924.Copolymers comprising vinylpyridines and 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine are disclosed, among others, in DE2041915 A1. Sorbents based on ionic liquids are described, among others, in Zhou, X.; Weber, J.; Yuan, Curr. Opin. Green Sustain. Chem. 2019, 16, 39-46. The object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a sorbent, a sorbent, the use of a sorbent, and a process for sorbing CO2 that at least partially overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. This object is achieved by the inventive process for producing a sorbent according to claim 1, a sorbent according to claim 7, a sorbent according to claim 8, the use of at least one sorbent, and the process for sorbing CO2 according to claim 13.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention. A process according to the invention for producing a sorbent comprising the steps: 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) - reacting at least one monomer of an ionic liquid with at least one crosslinker to produce a polymer, - modifying the polymer to produce a polymer containing amino groups, wherein the at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of acrylate, acrylamide, R. 1 -[CH=CH2] n with R 1 = alkyl, aryl, n≥2, and derivatives thereof, wherein the at least one monomer is a monomer of formula 1, Formula 1, where R 2is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl and X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH-), ethylsulfonate (EtSO4-), dicyanamide (C2N3-), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSI-), acetate (CH3COO-), trifluoromethylsulfonate (CF3SO3-), alkyl carboxylates (R-COO-) and alkyl phosphates (-PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2), with R = C1-C6-alkyl. A process according to the invention comprises the step of reacting at least one monomer of the formula I with at least one crosslinker to produce a polymer. The at least one monomer of the formula I can be the same molecule or different molecules. The monomer of the formula I typically has a melting point <100°C. In some embodiments, the monomer of formula I may have a melting point in the range of >100°C and <150°C. The at least one monomer is a monomer of formula 1: 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) Formula 1, where R 2is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl and X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH-), ethylsulfonate (EtSO4-), dicyanamide (C2N3-) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSI-)-), acetate (CH3COO-), trifluoromethylsulfonate (CF3SO3-), alkyl carboxylates (R-COO-) and alkyl phosphates (-PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2), with R = C1-C6 alkyl. R 2 can be a C1-C 18 -alkyl. For example, R 2be ethyl, propyl or octyl. Preferably, X is TFSI. In an alternative embodiment, X is OH. In a further embodiment, X is EtSO4. In yet another embodiment, X is C2N3. In yet another embodiment, X is CH3COO-. In yet another embodiment, X is CF3SO3. In yet another embodiment, X is R-COO- with R = C1-C6-alkyl. In yet another embodiment, X is -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2 with R = C1-C6-alkyl. In the process according to the invention, the at least one monomer is reacted with at least one crosslinker to produce a polymer. A crosslinker is understood to be a molecule having at least two functional groups that can react with the at least one monomer so that a network of molecules can be formed. The at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of acrylate, acrylamide, R 1 -[CH=CH2]n with R 1= Alkyl, aryl, n≥2, and derivatives thereof. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) The crosslinker can affect the polymerization yield and the polymer structure. Furthermore, the crosslinker can affect the sorption properties of the sorbent. If the sorbent is used, for example, for the sorption of CO2, the crosslinker can influence the sorption of CO2. In one embodiment, the at least one crosslinker is R 1 - [CH=CH2] n with R 1 = Alkyl, aryl, n≥2. The alkyl can be, for example, methyl, ethyl, or propyl. In a further embodiment, the at least one crosslinker is an acrylamide. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one crosslinker is a crosslinker of formula 2: Formula 2. The crosslinker of formula 2 is 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine. If a crosslinker of formula 2 is used to produce a sorbent for sorbing CO2, more CO2 can be sorbed by this crosslinker than, for example, when divinylbenzene (DVB) is used as the crosslinker. The ratio between the at least one monomer and the at least one crosslinker can be 99:1-10:90, preferably 95:5-25:75, more preferably 75:25-50:50. The reaction between the at least one monomer and the at least one crosslinker can be a polymerization reaction. The polymerization reaction can be a step polymerization, a coordinative 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) chain polymerization, or a free-radical chain polymerization. Preferably, it is a radical chain polymerization.The reaction between the at least one monomer and the at least one crosslinker preferably takes place in a suitable solvent. The solvent is preferably an organic solvent, a mixture of organic solvents, or a mixture of at least one organic solvent and water. For example, the solvent can be an alcohol (e.g. methanol, ethanol, etc.) or an acetate. A process according to the invention further comprises the step of modifying the polymer to produce a polymer containing amino groups. The modification can be a suitable reaction by means of which a functional group can be formed from a salt. Preferably, an ammonium group (-NH3) is used in the modification. +) to an amino group (-NH2). In one embodiment, the modification of the polymer comprises treating the polymer with at least one base. The base can be an organic or an inorganic base. For example, the inorganic base can be KOH, NaOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2. The modification is preferably carried out in a specific ratio of the individual components. When treated with a base, the ratio of ammonium group of the polymer to hydroxyl group of the base can be in the range of 1:1-10:1, preferably in the range of 1:1-5:1, more preferably 1:1.5. In a further embodiment, the modification of the polymer comprises treating the polymer with at least one base and an associated inorganic salt. The base can be an organic or an inorganic base. For example, the inorganic base can be KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2.The associated salt can be an alkali metal salt, in particular an alkali metal salt of the anions from formula 1 (e.g. sodium acetate) or an alkaline earth metal salt, in particular an alkaline earth metal salt of the anions from formula 1 (e.g. calcium acetate). The modification is preferably carried out in a specific ratio of the individual components. When treated with a base and the associated salt, the 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) ratio of base to salt can be in the range of 1:10-1:1, preferably in the range of 1:5-1:1, more preferably in the range of 1.5:1-1:1. The polymer obtained can be in various modifications. The polymer can be in the form of a fine powder which can be mechanically compressed to give pellets (e.g. pellets with a diameter of 11 mm), preferably at 400 to 500 bar, more preferably 410 to 450 bar, e.g. B. at 413 bar, can be further processed.The pellets can be broken down and divided into particle batches of various sizes by sieving. The particles can, for example, have a diameter in the range of 1 to 5 mm, preferably in the range of 1 to 3 mm. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a sorbent produced by a process according to the invention. The present invention further relates to a sorbent comprising an amino-containing polymer of general formula 3, wherein: Formula 3, with R1= C 12 -C 18Alkyl, R2 = alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, cyclyl, n ≥ 3, m ≥ 1, o ≥ 1, p ≥ 2, and X = OH-, EtSO4-, TFSI-, C2N3-, CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, with R = C1-C6-alkyl. Preferably, X- is TFSI-. In an alternative embodiment, X- is OH-. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) In a further embodiment, X- is EtSO4-. In yet another embodiment, X- is C2N3-. In yet another embodiment, X- is CH3COO-. In yet another embodiment, X- is CF3SO3-. In yet another embodiment, X- is R-COO- with R = C1-C6-alkyl. In yet another embodiment, X- is -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2 with R = C1-C6-alkyl. In one embodiment, the sorbent is a sorbent of general formula 4, where Formula 4, with R1 = C12-C18 alkyl, R2 = alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, cyclyl, n ≥ 3, m ≥ 1, o ≥ 1, p ≥ 2, X = OH-, EtSO4-, TFSI-, C2N3-, CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, with R = C1-C6 alkyl and is. In an exemplary embodiment of Formula 4, p ≥ 2 when the crosslinker is DVB. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) In a further exemplary embodiment of formula 4, p ≥ 3 when the crosslinker is 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine. Preferably, X- is TFSI-. In an alternative embodiment, X- is OH-. In a further embodiment, X- is EtSO4-. In yet another embodiment, X- is C2N3-. In yet another embodiment, X- is CH3COO-. In yet another embodiment, X- is CF3SO3-. In yet another embodiment, X- is R-COO- with R = C1-C6-alkyl. In yet another embodiment, X- is -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2 with R = C1-C6-alkyl.In one embodiment, R1 in Formula 4 is selected from the group consisting of ethyl, propyl, and octyl. In another embodiment, R2 in Formula 4 is selected from the group consisting of ethyl, propyl, and triazine. In a preferred embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is TFSI- in formula 4. In an alternative embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is OH- in formula 4. In a further embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is EtSO4- in formula 4. In yet another embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is C2N3- in formula 4. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) In yet another embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is CH3COO- in formula 4. In yet another embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is CF3SO3- in formula 4. In yet another embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is R-COO- with R = C1-C6 alkyl in formula 4.In yet another embodiment, R1 is ethyl, R2 is a triazine derivative and X is -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2with R = C1-C6 alkyl in formula 4. In another embodiment, the sorbent is a sorbent of formula 5:. Formula 5, where n ≥= 3, m ≥= 1, p ≥ 1, q ≥ 1 and X = OH-, EtSO4-, TFSI-, C2N3-, CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, where R = C1-C6-alkyl. Preferably, n = 3 to 10, m = 1, p = 1, q = 1 in formula 5. Further preferably, X is TFSI-. In an alternative embodiment, X is OH-. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) In a further embodiment, X is EtSO4-. In yet another embodiment, X is C2N3-. In yet another embodiment, X is CH3COO-. In yet another embodiment, X is CF3SO3-. In yet another embodiment, X is R-COO- where R = C1-C6-alkyl. In yet another embodiment, X is -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2 where R = C1-C6-alkyl. The present invention further provides for the use of at least one sorbent for the sorption of CO2. The sorption preferably takes place from a gaseous medium comprising CO2.The gaseous medium can be a point source, atmosphere, or exhaust gases. A sorbent according to the invention is preferably used in a direct air capture (DAC) process for the sorption of CO2. The present invention further provides a process for the sorption of CO2 from a gaseous mixture, comprising the step of contacting a gaseous mixture comprising CO2 with at least one sorbent according to the invention. The gaseous mixture can be a gaseous medium comprising CO2. The gaseous medium can be a point source, atmosphere, or exhaust gases. The process for the sorption of CO2 from a gaseous mixture can be a direct air capture (DAC) process. It is conceivable to use a sorbent according to the invention in all areas in which sorption, e.g. of CO2, is conceivable.For example, the sorbent can be used in plants and systems where CO2 is to be sorbed. Use in vehicles, applications in vehicles, air conditioning systems (e.g. in vehicles and buildings), and in direct air capture systems is also conceivable. Depending on the anions, the sorption properties of the sorbent can be controlled. If sorption of CO2 is of particular interest, the sorption capacity of the sorbent for CO2 can be increased or decreased using the anions of the sorbent. Depending on the anions, the sorption properties of the sorbent in mixtures can also be controlled. If sorption of CO2 from a mixture (e.g.from a mixture of CO2 in H2O) is of particular interest, the sorption capacities of the sorbent towards CO2 can be increased or decreased using the anions of the sorbent and at the same time the selective separation of CO2 and H2O can be enabled. Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: Fig. 1 schematically shows a process for producing a sorbent, Fig. 2 shows the CO2 uptake of the sorbent as a function of various anions, Fig. 3 shows the CO2 uptake of the sorbent as a function of various anions, Figs. 4a, 4b and 4c show the CO2 uptake and H2O uptake of the sorbents 4a-1 and 4b-1 as a function of the relative humidity. 4a-1 4b-1 Fig.5a the linear adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 5a-1 with OH as anion, Fig.5b the logarithmic adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 5a-1 with OH as anion, 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) 5a-1 Fig.6a the linear adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 6a-1 with TFSI as anion, Fig.6b the logarithmic adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 6a-1 with TFSI as anion, 6a-1 Fig.7a the linear adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 7a-1 with EtSO4 as anion, Fig.7b the logarithmic adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 7a-1 with EtSO4 as anion, 7a-1 Fig.8a the linear adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 8a-1 with C2N3 as anion, Fig.8b the logarithmic adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 8a-1 with C2N3 as anion, 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) 8a-1, and Fig.9a shows the linear adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 9a-1 with Br as anion, Fig.9b shows the logarithmic adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 9a-1 with Br as anion. Fig. 1 schematically shows a process 100 according to the invention for producing a sorbent. First, in step 101, at least one monomer of an ionic liquid is reacted with at least one crosslinker, wherein the at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of acrylate, acrylamide, R1-[CH=CH2]n, where R1 = alkyl, aryl, n≥2, and derivatives thereof, to produce a polymer. The at least one monomer is a monomer of formula 1, Formula 1, 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) where R 2is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl and X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH-), ethylsulfonate (EtSO4-), dicyanamide (C2N3-), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSI-) CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, with R = C1-C6-alkyl. In the further step 102, the polymer is modified to produce a polymer containing amino groups. Fig. 2 shows a comparison of the influence of different anions on the CO2 uptake of an exemplary sorbent at 25°C. In the sorbent shown with Br-, the anion Br- was exchanged for other anions - EtSO4, OH, C2N3 and TFSI. Br, EtSO4, and TFSI exhibit higher CO2 uptake efficiency than OH and C2N3 anions. The efficiency is over 50%. It can be shown that the anions have an influence on the CO2 uptake of the sorbent. Fig.Figure 3 shows another example of the influence of different anions on CO2 uptake at 25°C. Table 1 shows the measurement results: Table 1 Fig. 4a and 4b show the water adsorption and CO2 adsorption of sorbents with different anions as a function of relative humidity. Fig. 4a shows the water and CO2 adsorption of 4a-1. Fig. 4b shows the water and CO2 adsorption of 4b-1. The sorbent with TFSI as the anion (Fig. 4b) shows lower water adsorption than the sorbent with Br as the anion (Fig. 4a). Fig. 4c shows the CO2 adsorption at different relative humidities as a function of the sorbent anion. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) Fig. 5a shows the linear adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 5a-1 with OH as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. Figure 5b shows the logarithmic adsorption curve of the CO2 adsorption of 5a-1 with OH as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. The adsorption curves were measured using a 3P micro series gas adsorption device.Figure 6a shows the linear adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption by 6a-1 with TFSI as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. Figure 6b shows the logarithmic adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption by 6a-1 with TFSI as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. The adsorption curves were measured using a 3P micro series gas adsorption device. Figure 7a shows the linear adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption by 7a-1 with EtSO4 as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. Figure 7b shows the logarithmic adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption by 7a-1 with EtSO4 as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. The adsorption curves were measured using a 3P micro series gas adsorption device. Fig. 8a shows the linear adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption of 8a-1 with C2N3 as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. Fig. 8b shows the logarithmic adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption of 8a-1 with C2N3 as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. The adsorption curves were measured using a 3P micro series gas adsorption device.Fig. 9a shows the linear adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption of 9a-1 with Br as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. Fig. 9b shows the logarithmic adsorption curve of CO2 adsorption of 9a-1 with Br as the anion at a CO2 pressure of 100 kPa. The adsorption curves were measured using a 3P micro series gas adsorption device. Examples 1. Monomer Synthesis Synthesis of aminated HX vinylalkylimidazolium bromide monomer ([AVIm3C]Br.HBr): Materials: N-vinylimidazole (99% purity, Aldrich), 3-bromopropylamine hydrobromide (98% purity, TCI) N-vinylimidazole (25.53 g; 0.250 mol) and 3-bromopropylamine hydrobromide (54.75 g; 0.250 mol) were dissolved in acetonitrile (250 mL). The solution was degassed and then stirred at 80 °C under nitrogen for 24 hours. After separation of the supernatant, the obtained 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) solid was cooled with liquid nitrogen and then triturated and ground to obtain a fine powder.The latter was suspended in ethanol / H2O (100 / 10 mL / mL) and stirred overnight before filtering and subsequently washing with anhydrous ethanol to obtain a white powder. All organic phases were collected and evaporated in vacuo, then mixed with anhydrous ethanol (100 mL) and stirred overnight. The resulting white solid was filtered. The white solid products were combined and dried at 40 °C for 24 hours to achieve a yield of 65%. Characterization: 1 H NMR (500 MHz, D2O) δ (ppm) = 9.14 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.16 (q, 1H), 5.83 (dd, 2H,), 5.46 (dd, 1H), 4.40 (t, 2H), 3.11 (m, 2H), 2.33 (q, 2H). No visible signal for NH3 +REM: The bromide alkylamine salt is provided with the HBr-protonated amine to prevent intermolecular nucleophilic substitution, and the monomer synthesis must be carried out without neutralization. The resulting aminated vinylimidazolium monomer is therefore protected with HBr, and neutralization in this step would also trigger intermolecular nucleophilic substitution, leaving it protonated for further polymerization. Analogously, a monomer with a shorter alkyl chain can also be prepared using the described synthesis: 2. Polymer synthesis Material: Divinylbenzene (meta and para isomers, purity 80%, 1000 ppm p-tert-butylcatechol as inhibitor, Aldrich), 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (purity 98%, Merck), AIBN (purity 98%, Aldrich) are used without further purification. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) Copolymerization of any aminated ionic liquid monomer with a crosslinker: [AVIm3C]Br.HBr (9.39 g, 30 mmol) and divinylbenzene (3.91 g, 30 mmol) were dissolved in 300 mL of a mixture of ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water (20 / 65 / 15 v% / v% / v%) and sparged with N2 for 15 minutes before heating to 80°C. After 20 minutes, a degassed solution of AIBN (0.59 g, 3.6 mmol) in 5 mL of ethyl acetate was added to the preheated monomer solution. The polymerization was carried out at 80°C for 24 hours, then filtered with a paper filter and washed with ethanol. The resulting powder was added to 200 ml of MilliQ water and stirred overnight.Finally, the powder was filtered and washed successively with MilliQ water (200 mL) and ethanol (200 mL), followed by drying under vacuum at 40 °C for 24 hours. The samples were analyzed by CHN-Br elemental analysis to determine the amine composition, N2 adsorption at 77 K to determine the specific surface area (SSA) (BET model), and gravimetry to determine the yield. Polymerization factor: vinyl function (mol) / initiator (mol) = (30 + 2 * 30) / 3.6 = 25. Concentration = 0.1 M for each monomer; the concentration can influence the specific surface area (SSA). The results are based on 7 experiments performed by 2 people. (Mean + / - standard deviation) Yield = 52.4 + / - 1.2% (6.99 g) SSA = 141.9 + / - 252 m. 2 / g [AVIm3C]Br.HBr content in the polymer = 28.5 + / - 1.9 mol% [AVIm3C]Br.HBr (9.39 g, 30 mmol) and 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (7.48 g, 30 mmol) were dissolved in 300 mL of a mixture of ethyl acetate, DMSO, and water (20 / 65 / 15 v% / v% / v%) and sparged with N2 for 15 minutes before heating to 80°C. After 20 minutes, a degassed solution of AIBN (0.79 g, 4.8 mmol) in 5 mL of ethyl acetate was added to the preheated monomer solution (2023 / 1353 K 33220). The polymerization was carried out at 80°C for 24 hours. The resulting solid was dispersed in 300 mL of acetone and filtered through a Buchner filter paper filter and washed with 200 mL of acetone. The resulting powder was added to 200 mL of ethanol and stirred for 3 hours. Finally, the powder was filtered and dried with ethanol (200 mL) and then vacuum dried at 40 °C for 24 hours.The samples were analyzed using CHN-Br elemental analysis to determine the amine composition, N2 adsorption at 77 K to determine the specific surface area (SSA) (BET model), and gravimetry to determine the yield. Polymerization factor: vinyl function (mol) / initiator (mol) = (30 + 3 * 30) / 4.8 = 25. Concentration = 0.1 M for each monomer; the concentration can influence the SSA. The results are based on an experiment performed by a co-worker. Yield = > 96% (16.99 g). SSA = 147.3 m. 2 / g [AVIm3C]Br.HBr content in the polymer = 47.5 mol% (50% based on yield) Neutralization of the copolymer network with DVB crosslinker (divinylbenzene): The copolymer (38.3 mmol of the amine, 26.15 g) was sequentially dispersed in 315 mL of an aqueous solution of NaOH (2.3 eq., 3.54 g, 88.5 mmol) / NaBr (4.6 eq., 18.21 g, 177 mmol), 315 mL of NaBr (3.1 eq., 12.14 g, 118 mmol), and 315 mL of MilliQ water. Each treatment lasted 24 hours, and the powder was filtered between each step using a Buchner paper filter. For final filtration, the powder was collected by filtration on a Buchner paper filter and washed with MilliQ water (300 mL) and then with ethanol (300 mL) before drying under vacuum at 40 °C for 24 hours to obtain a white powder (23 g, 99.8% yield). 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) The ratio of IL (ionic liquid) / crosslinker = 26 mol% / 74 mol%, determined by elemental analysis after polymerization.The sample was analyzed by CHN-Br elemental analysis to confirm neutralization. Neutralization of the copolymer network with 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine crosslinker: The copolymer (26.8 mmol amine, 15.74 g) was dispersed in 310 mL of an aqueous solution of NaOH (1.6 eq., 1.68 g, 42 mmol) and NaBr (3.1 eq., 8.64 g, 84 mmol) for 24 hours. Then, 600 mL of ethanol was added to the solution to facilitate vacuum-assisted filtration on a Buchner filter paper. After filtration, the wet powder was redispersed in 310 mL of an aqueous NaBr solution (2 eq., 5.76 g, 56 mmol) for 24 hours. Prior to vacuum-assisted Buchner filtration, 600 mL of ethanol was added. Finally, the wet powder was redispersed in 310 mL of MilliQ water for 24 hours. Prior to the final vacuum-assisted Buchner filtration, 600 mL of ethanol was added. MilliQ water (300 mL) and then ethanol (300 mL) were added to further wash the powder on the filter.The collected pink powder was dried under vacuum at 40 °C for 24 hours (11.25 g, 83% yield). For copolymers containing 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine crosslinker, where the IL / crosslinker ratio = 47.5 mol% / 52.5 mol%, elemental analysis was performed after polymerization. The sample was analyzed using CHN-Br analysis to confirm neutralization. 2023 / 1353 (K 33220). Further examples of sorbents: 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) List of reference symbols 100 Process 101 reacting at least one monomer of an ionic liquid with at least one crosslinker to produce a polymer 102 modifying the polymer to produce a polymer containing amino groups

Claims

2023 / 1353 (K 33220) Patent claims 1. A process for producing a sorbent comprising the steps of: - reacting at least one monomer of an ionic liquid with at least one cross-linker to produce a polymer, - modifying the polymer to produce a polymer containing amino groups, wherein the at least one cross-linker is selected from the group consisting of acrylate, acrylamide, R 1 -[CH=CH2]n with R 1 = alkyl, aryl, n≥2, and derivatives thereof, wherein the at least one monomer is a monomer of formula 1, Formula 1, where R 2is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl and X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH-), ethylsulfonate (EtSO4-), dicyanamide (C2N3-), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSI-), CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, with R = C1-C6-alkyl.

2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one crosslinker is an acrylamide.

3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one crosslinker is a crosslinker of formula 2 Formula 2 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) 4. The process according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the modification of the polymer comprises treating the polymer with a base.

5. The process according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, wherein X from formula 1 is bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSI-).

6. The sorbent prepared by a process according to at least one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The sorbent comprising an amino-containing polymer of general formula 3, wherein Formula 3, with R1 = C12-C18 alkyl, R2 = alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, cyclyl, n ≥ 3, m ≥ 1, o ≥ 1, p ≥ 2, X = OH-, EtSO4-, TFSI-, C2N3 -- , CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, with R = C1-C6-alkyl.

8. Sorbent according to claim 7 of general formula 4, wherein 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) Formula 4, with R1= C 12 -C 18Alkyl, R2= alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, cyclyl, n ≥ 3, m ≥ 1, o ≥ 1, p ≥ 2, X = OH-, EtSO4-, TFSI-, C2N3 -- , CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, with R = C1-C6-alkyl.

9. Sorbent according to claim 7 or 8, wherein X = TFSI-.

10. Sorbent according to claim 8 or 9 of general formula 5, wherein Formula 5, with n ≥ 3, m ≥ 1, p ≥ 1, q ≥ 1, and 2023 / 1353 (K 33220) X = OH-, EtSO4-, TFSI-, C2N3 -- , CH3COO-, CF3SO3-, R-COO- and -PO(O)(OH)2, -PO(O)(OH)(OR), -PO(O)(OR)2, with R = C1-C6-alkyl.

11. Sorbent according to claim 10, wherein X = TFSI-.

12. Use of at least one sorbent according to at least one of claims 6 to 11 for the sorption of CO2.

13. A process for the sorption of CO2 from a gaseous mixture, comprising the step: - contacting a gaseous mixture comprising CO2 with at least one sorbent according to at least one of claims 6 to 11.

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