Container locking device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2024812567
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-11-01
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing container locking devices fail to reliably unlock the container after unloading, especially when dirt and lubricating fat adhere to the pressure spring, leading to a risk of the vehicle being lifted improperly when the container is lifted.
The container locking device features a locking cone that moves axially and circumferentially from a fully lowered to a tense position, with a guide contour that ensures precise control and prevents the locking cone from reversing, thus ensuring safe unlocking and loading/unloading processes.
The device provides precise control over the locking and unlocking processes, ensuring the container is securely locked and unlocked, reducing the risk of accidents and damage during loading and unloading.
Smart Images
Figure IB2024060817_08052025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] CONTAINER LOCKING DEVICE
[0002] DESCRIPTION
[0003] The invention relates to a container locking device according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.
[0004] Container locking devices are typically mounted on the chassis of a vehicle, such as a semi-trailer, truck, or freight train, and are used to releasably connect a mounted container to the vehicle's chassis. Each container has so-called container corner fittings on the underside, which serve as supports for the container and also allow the engagement of a locking pin.
[0005] DE 20 2009 016 268 U1 describes a prior art locking device for containers, comprising a housing and a locking pin that can be rotated and lowered by approximately 90° around a vertical axis in a screw-shaped guide. The mechanism for actuating the locking pin is a pressure plate that is displaced by the container's load and initiates the rotating and lowering movement of the locking pin. However, it has been found to be disadvantageous that after the container has been unloaded, the compression spring no longer opens reliably, particularly when dirt and grease adhere to it. This creates the risk that the vehicle underneath will also be lifted when the container is lifted.DE 10 2007 007 067 A1 also discloses a device for locking a container with a rotatable and lowerable locking part, depending on the presence of a container being lowered by transferring the container's weight to a cam. This device also does not reliably release the locking part from its operative engagement with the container corner fitting when the container is unloaded.
[0006] Consequently, the object underlying the invention was to further develop a container locking device that can be controlled more precisely between a receiving / unloading readiness and a locking readiness.
[0007] The object is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1. In order to detachably connect the container to the housing and, via it, to a vehicle chassis, the locking pin moves in its axial direction and in its circumferential direction, starting from a fully lowered and / or a ready-to-receive position and / or a clamped position. In principle, the container is locked in the clamped position of the locking pin and thus spatially fixed in its position relative to the housing.
[0008] A guide contour is understood, in particular, to be a groove that is recessed relative to the surface of the shaft. Similarly, the guide contour can also be a raised material deposit on the surface of the shaft. In any case, the guide contour runs as a closed contour in the circumferential direction around the locking pin. At least one guide pin is always in operative engagement with the guide contour and follows the guide contour in one direction of rotation of the locking pin. Since the locking pin must not rotate backward, it must always rotate in one direction, and the guide groove must therefore be circumferential so that the locking pin returns to its original position.
[0009] The container locking device is preferably attached to the chassis or a supporting structure of the container vehicle by means of the housing.
[0010] Advantageously, the guide contour is formed in the circumferential direction with alternating directional changes between upper and lower contour points, with each upper contour point being arranged at a minimum axial distance from the mushroom head and each lower contour point being arranged at a maximum axial distance from the mushroom head. The guide contour follows a zigzag pattern in the circumferential direction of the locking pin.
[0011] All upper contour points can have the same minimum axial distance, and all lower contour points can have the same maximum axial distance from the mushroom head. The minimum axial distance is always smaller than the maximum axial distance.
[0012] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the upper contour points and the lower contour points are spaced at the same distance from one another in the circumferential direction, with the upper contour points being offset by half a distance from the lower contour points. This results in a uniformly symmetrical distribution of the upper and lower contour points, which in turn results in the guide contour having equally long sections with alternating directions between the upper and lower contour points. This results in particular in a constant rotational movement of the locking pin. A contour extension extending in the axial direction is expediently formed from each upper contour point.If at least one guide pin has moved within the contour extension, this always results in a downward or upward movement of the locking pin, for example in order to make a container ready to be picked up or removed or in order to clamp a container by means of the locking pin.
[0013] Preferably, the contour extensions are formed alternately as a short contour extension and a long contour extension in the direction of the mushroom head. The short contour extension is sufficient to clamp the container with its container corner fitting against the housing using the locking pin. A short contour extension is sufficient for this purpose, since the clamping process of the container corner fitting standing on the housing is already completed beforehand, and the contour extension no longer needs to be formed. In the position ready for receiving or removing a container, the at least one guide pin is located within the long extension.
[0014] According to a first, advantageous embodiment, the guide contour is formed directly on the shaft of the locking pin, and the at least one guide pin is mounted in a fixed position relative to the housing. A fixed mounting of the guide pin is understood to mean a rotationally fixed mounting in the circumferential direction with respect to the locking pin, as well as a fixed mounting in the axial direction of the locking pin. The at least one guide pin can be mounted, in particular, in an intermediate housing floor of the housing, which is arranged between a housing top wall and a housing bottom wall. The guide contour can, for example, be milled into the shaft of the locking pin. According to a second, alternative embodiment, the guide contour is formed in a guide tube concentrically surrounding the shaft of the locking pin, and the at least one guide pin is mounted in a fixed position in the shaft of the locking pin.A guide pin mounted in a fixed position in the shaft of the locking pin is understood to mean a rotationally fixed bearing in the circumferential direction with respect to the locking pin and a fixed bearing in the axial direction of the locking pin.
[0015] It is advantageous for the at least one guide pin to be guided in a spring-loaded manner in its axial extension, regardless of the configuration described above. This ensures permanent engagement of the at least one guide pin in the guide contour, particularly if it is intended to interact with a reverse rotation lock (described below), which may require the at least one guide pin to be pushed back and forth axially.
[0016] The at least one guide pin should be aligned radially to the locking pin, regardless of whether the at least one guide pin is fixedly attached to the housing or directly to the locking pin.
[0017] It is particularly advantageous if the locking pin interacts with a reverse rotation lock such that the locking pin is only moved in a predetermined direction of rotation. The reverse rotation lock can preferably comprise shoulders formed in the guide contour, over which the at least one guide pin can travel in one direction. The shoulders can be formed with a sharp edge on the inlet side of the at least one guide pin and can gradually taper off to the original level of the guide contour on the outlet side. Reversing of the locking pin is prevented by the fact that the at least one guide pin cannot travel over the sharp edge of the shoulder and therefore follows the further course of the guide contour.
[0018] As an alternative to the embodiment described above, it is possible for the anti-reverse device to comprise one or more shoulders arranged in the shaft, which move under spring-loaded pawls in a predetermined direction of rotation and are held by the pawls in the opposite direction of rotation.
[0019] These steps are also designed with a sharp edge on their inlet side for the pawl and gradually taper off to the original level of the shaft on their outlet side.
[0020] Advantageously, the locking pin is driven for a travel path in the axial direction by a reversible drive unit. A reversible drive unit is understood to be a drive unit that can be switched between a forward and a reverse direction of rotation. The reversible drive unit is or comprises a drive motor. The direction of rotation typically changes each time the at least one guide pin reaches one of the lower contour points and a distal end point of one of the contour extensions. Appropriate sensors can be provided to detect whether the at least one guide pin has reached the lower contour point or the distal end of the contour extension. Alternatively, it is also possible to measure an increased current consumption of the drive motor at these points and use it as a switching signal for the reversible drive unit.
[0021] Advantageously, the shaft of the locking pin is formed with an external thread that operatively engages with an internal thread of a gear arranged on the shaft. A rotational movement of the drive unit is transmitted to a movement of the locking pin along the guide contour by means of the gear running on the shaft. The gear moves along the external thread of the locking pin and continuously changes its position relative to the housing.
[0022] Preferably, the external thread and the guide contour overlap in the axial direction of the shaft. This means that the guide contour runs through the external thread. The threads of the external thread are interrupted in sections by the guide contour.
[0023] It can also be provided that the gear is held axially fixed to the housing and driven by a pinion of the drive unit. The pinion is advantageously non-rotatably mounted on an output shaft of the drive unit.
[0024] The locking pin is expediently surrounded by a guide sleeve between the mushroom head and the guide contour. When the locking pin is fully lowered, the guide sleeve moves into the housing together with the locking pin. When the container locking device is in a ready-to-receive or ready-to-unload position, the guide sleeve protrudes from the housing in sections and keeps horizontal forces caused by the loading or unloading process of the container away from the locking pin. It has proven particularly advantageous if, for this purpose, the guide sleeve is held in a rotationally fixed manner by means of guide walls mounted in the housing, starting from a lowered position of the locking pin, and is guided in the axial direction by the guide walls over a predetermined axial travel path.Advantageously, at least one locking bar is provided on the guide sleeve, which can be moved in the radial direction of the locking pin. When the locking pin is lowered, the locking bar engages positively in a recess in the locking pin, and the guide sleeve is fixed to the locking pin at least in the axial direction. This allows the locking pin to initially be extended out of the housing together with the guide sleeve.
[0025] A particularly advantageous embodiment is one in which the at least one latch is supported on the associated guide wall when the locking pin is in the lowered position. The guide wall is an integral part of the housing and provides a counterbearing to prevent rotation of the guide sleeve.
[0026] In a partially extended position of the locking pin, the guide sleeve and the locking pin can be extended out of the housing together until the guide sleeve disengages from the guide walls and is supported axially relative to the housing by a collar projecting radially from the guide sleeve. The protruding collar thus limits the axial travel of the guide sleeve out of the housing. When the protruding collar contacts the housing, particularly the inside of the housing top wall, only the locking pin changes its axial position relative to the housing.
[0027] Preferably, in the partially extended position, the at least one latch is pressed into the recess of the locking pin by means of a spring element. Only as the locking pin continues to move in the axial direction is the spring preload acting on the at least one latch exceeded, so that the latch slides out of the recess in the axial direction of the locking pin and slides along the shaft, in particular over the external thread formed on the shaft. Therefore, in a maximally extended position of the locking pin, the at least one latch rests against the shaft of the locking pin in a spring-preloaded manner.
[0028] For a better understanding, the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to 10 figures.
[0029] FIG. 1: a perspective cross-section through a
[0030] Container locking device according to a first embodiment with the locking pin fully lowered;
[0031] FIG. 2: a perspective view of the
[0032] Locking pin of the container locking device shown in Fig. 1;
[0033] FIG. 3: a perspective view of an enlarged section of the guide contour of the locking pin;
[0034] Fig. 4: a perspective top view of a
[0035] Guide sleeve of the container locking device;
[0036] Fig. 5: a perspective bottom view of a
[0037] Guide sleeve according to Fig. 4; Fig. 6: a perspective cross-section through a
[0038] Container locking device according to the first embodiment with slightly raised locking pin;
[0039] Fig. 7: a perspective cross-section through a
[0040] Container locking device according to the first embodiment between readiness to receive and clamped position;
[0041] Fig. 8: a perspective cross-section through a
[0042] Container locking device according to the first embodiment immediately before reaching the clamped position;
[0043] Fig. 9: a perspective side view of a
[0044] Container locking device according to a second embodiment in a position ready for receiving and removing and
[0045] Fig. 10: an enlarged cross-section of the
[0046] Guide sleeve and the upper end of the locking pin of the container locking device according to the second embodiment in the receiving and removal position. Figure 1 shows a perspective cross-section through a container locking device with a housing 10 and a locking pin 20 movably mounted relative to the housing 10 in a fully lowered position. The housing 10 has a housing top wall 12 and a housing bottom wall 13 spaced apart from the housing and aligned essentially parallel, both of which are connected to one another by means of essentially vertical side walls 14.
[0047] The locking pin 20 comprises a shaft 21, the upper end of which merges integrally into a mushroom head 23. The mushroom head 23 has a curved upper side and a flat lower side. The lower side is aligned substantially orthogonally to the shaft 21. With the container in place, the mushroom head 23 is inserted into the container corner fitting (not shown). A downward rotational movement of the locking pin 20 then clamps the container corner fitting toward the housing 10. At one free end, the shaft 21 is provided with an external thread 25.
[0048] An upper through-opening 15 is formed in the housing top wall 12, which is dimensioned such that the mushroom head 23 of the locking pin 20 can be fully lowered into the housing 10. In this lowered position of the locking pin 20, the lower, free end of the shaft 21, together with the external thread 25, protrudes from the housing 10 through a lower housing through-opening 16. The lower housing through-opening 16 is closed at the bottom by a cup-shaped cover cap 17. The position of the locking pin 20, fully lowered into the housing 10, allows the container locking device to be spatially relocated out of the way when not in use, for example, to accommodate a different container size. The locking pin 20 is moved by means of a guide contour 30 formed on the shaft 21, into which two opposing guide pins 31a, 31b engage in a spring-loaded manner, and a drive unit 50.The guide contour 30 is in particular a groove formed countersunk in the shaft.
[0049] The guide pins 31a, 31b are arranged in alignment with each other on opposite sides of the shaft 21, radially to the shaft 21, and are spring-loaded in a housing intermediate base 18. The housing intermediate base 18 is fixedly mounted in the housing 10, in particular to the upright housing side walls 14. The guide pins 31a, 31b are always in operative contact with the guide contour 30, regardless of the position of the locking pin 20.
[0050] The drive unit 50 transmits torque via its pinion 51 to a gear 26, which runs on an external thread 25 formed on the shaft 21. The external thread 25 overlaps the guide contour 30 in the axial direction Z of the shaft 21. The guide contour 30 extends through the external thread 25 of the shaft 21. Depending on the direction of rotation of the pinion 51 and the gear 26, the shaft 21 of the locking pin 20 moves upwards toward the housing top wall 12 or downwards toward the housing bottom wall 13. The movement of the locking pin 20 follows the position of the guide pins 31a, 31b within the guide contour 30, both in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction Z.
[0051] The guide contour 30 is particularly clearly visible in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 and completely surrounds the shaft 21 of the locking pin 20 in the circumferential direction. The course of the guide contour 30 is shaped such that the locking pin 20 always changes its rotational position and its axial position in a predetermined circumferential direction, regardless of the direction of rotation of the drive unit 50. It is expressly not possible for the locking pin to also change its direction of rotation when the direction of rotation of the drive unit 50 is reversed.
[0052] The guide contour 30 is formed symmetrically with two opposite guide pins 31a, 31b, so that the guide pin 31b is located in the opposite, similarly shaped section of the guide contour 30 as the guide pin 31a.
[0053] The guide contour 30 runs alternately between upper contour points 32 and lower contour points 33 in a zigzag pattern. The upper contour points 32 have a minimum axial distance Zmin in the axial direction Z of the shaft 21 up to the mushroom head 23, and the lower contour points 33 have a maximum axial distance Zmax. The maximum axial distance Zmax is always greater than the minimum axial distance Zmin.
[0054] In the circumferential direction, the upper contour points 32 are spaced from each other at a constant distance A, if possible. The lower contour points 33 are spaced from each other at the same distance A in the circumferential direction. Ideally, the lower contour points 33 are offset from the upper contour points 32 in the circumferential direction by half the distance A.
[0055] Contour extensions 34, 35 aligned in the axial direction Z are adjoined exclusively at the upper contour points 32 and are preferably formed with a shorter length as a short contour extension 34 and a longer length as a long contour extension 35. In addition to the short contour extension 34 visible in Fig. 2, there is a second, short contour extension 34 on the opposite side of the locking pin 20, which is not visible here, however. The short contour extensions 34 are aligned at an angle of approximately 180° to one another. Ideally, the long contour extensions 35 are arranged offset by approximately 90° to the short contour extensions 34 (see Fig. 1).In a position of the locking pin 20 ready for insertion or removal, in which the locking pin 20 partially protrudes from the housing 10 to provide lateral guidance for the container corner fitting during loading, the guide pins 31a, 31b have migrated into the long contour extensions 35. In a clamped position of the locking pin 20 with a container placed on the housing 10, the guide pins 31a, 31b have migrated into the short contour extensions 34. A longer design of the short contour extensions 34 is not necessary, since the container corner fitting stops the mushroom head 23 anyway by the guide pins 31a, 31b before reaching the distal end of the short contour extension 34.The short contour extensions 34 particularly reduce the risk of operators becoming trapped, since the mushroom head 23 cannot be lowered to the housing ceiling wall 12 if the container is missing and the guide pins 31a, 31b have already reached the distal end of the short contour extensions 34.
[0056] As soon as each upper and each lower contour point 32, 33 is passed over by the guide pins 31a, 31b, or the distal end of the short or long contour extensions 34, 35 is reached by the guide pins 31a, 31b, the drive unit 50 reverses its direction of rotation. To prevent the guide pins 31a, 31b from migrating back into the old section of the guide contour 30 when the direction of rotation of the drive unit 50 is reversed, a reverse rotation lock 40 is provided on the shaft 21.
[0057] In the present embodiment, the anti-reverse locking device 40 is formed from the shape of the guide contour 30 itself. For this purpose, the anti-reverse locking device 40 has a sharp-edged shoulder 41 at each upper and lower contour point 32, 33, over which the guide pins 31a, 31b pass and penetrate due to their spring-loaded guidance. Due to the stepped shape of the shoulder 41, when the locking pin 20 is reversed, the guide pins 31a, 31b abut against the shoulder 41 in the circumferential direction of the shaft 21 and prevent the locking pin 20 from reversing its rotation in this direction. In the illustration in Fig. 2, the locking pin 20 can only rotate in the direction of rotation D, i.e., clockwise.Starting from each upper and lower contour point 32, 33, the guide contour 30 rises in a ramp-like manner against the direction of rotation D up to the adjacent lower or upper contour point 33, 32 in order to reach a sufficient level for a further step-like shoulder 41 in the then following lower or upper contour point 33, 32.
[0058] The locking pin 20 moves from the fully retracted position according to Fig. 1, initially in its axial direction Z together with a guide sleeve 60, which is shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. The guide sleeve 60 has a passage opening 64 arranged centrally in a main part 65 for the shaft 21 of the locking pin 20.
[0059] On its underside, the guide sleeve 60 is surrounded by a substantially cylindrical collar 62 which projects radially relative to the main part 65 and which, in the fully retracted position of the locking pin 20, rests flat against the upper side of the intermediate housing base 18.
[0060] Two opposing latches 61 are mounted in the collar 62 of the guide sleeve 60, displaceably mounted in the radial direction relative to the through-opening 64. Starting from a fully retracted position of the locking pin 20, these latches engage in a recess 28 formed in the shaft 21 (see Fig. 2) and thereby releasably connect the guide sleeve 60 to the locking pin 20 in the axial direction. In the circumferential direction, the guide sleeve 60 is initially held by two opposing guide walls 11, which are fixedly fastened in the housing 10. The guide sleeve 60 encompasses the associated guide wall 11 from three sides, in particular by means of the latches 61.
[0061] The two guide walls 11 are each overlapped by a spring element 63, which is particularly clearly visible in Fig. 6 and which rests with its distal end on opposite sides of the guide sleeve 60. As long as the two latches 61 are located within the guide walls 11, the guide sleeve 60 is moved upwards or downwards together with the locking pin 20.
[0062] During an upward movement of the guide sleeve 60, it is initially blocked by the housing top wall 12. Further upward movement of the locking pin 20 presses the latches 61 against the force of the spring elements 63 via the bevels in the recess 28, so that the latches 61 rest on the guide walls 11. The diameter of the shaft 21, particularly in the area of the external thread 25, prevents the latches 61 from sliding back, thereby blocking the guide sleeve 60 in every degree of freedom. The locking pin 20 can rotate, close, and open without horizontal forces acting on the guide sleeve 60 impairing the further movement of the locking pin 20.
[0063] When lowered, the bolts 61 are pressed back into the recess 28 by the spring elements 63, so that the locking pin 20 is lowered from there together with the guide sleeve 60.
[0064] Fig. 7 shows the container locking device between the ready-to-receive and the clamped position of the locking pin 20. The guide pins 31a, 31b were previously in the ready-to-receive / unremove position of the container in the long contour extension 35 and have now moved within the guide contour 30 beyond the upper contour point 32 toward the lower contour point 33. The guide sleeve 60 rests with its collar 62 against the housing top wall 12 and is thus blocked from further upward movement. The main part 65 of the guide sleeve 60 projects upward out of the upper housing opening 15 and into any container corner fitting located there (not shown here), so that horizontal forces are transferred from the main part to the housing 10 and do not act on the locking pin 20.
[0065] After passing the lower contour point 33 in the guide contour 30 in Fig. 7, both guide pins 31a, 31b move into the upward-facing section of the guide contour 30, as shown in Fig. 8. The mushroom head 23 is rotated almost completely into the position for clamping a container, as shown in Fig. 8, and, provided the guide pins 31a, 31b have reached the short contour extension 34, moves downward together with the entire locking pin 20. This presses the container corner fitting (not shown) against the housing 10. The container locking device is in a clamped position.
[0066] Fig. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the container locking device, in which the guide contour 30 is not formed directly on the shaft 21 of the locking pin 20, but in a guide tube 24 surrounding the shaft 21 from the outside. The opposite guide pins 31a, 31b, however, are fixedly fastened in the shaft 21 and protrude into the guide contour 30 of the guide tube 24.
[0067] A reverse rotation lock 40 in the form of shoulders 41 would be possible, but would be difficult to manufacture on the inside of the guide tube 24. The reverse rotation lock 40 is therefore implemented at the upper end 22 of the shaft 21 and comprises a plurality of shoulders 41 formed circumferentially in the shaft 21, which are covered by the main part 65 of the guide sleeve 60. Spring-loaded pins in the form of pawls 42 are arranged on opposite sides of the guide sleeve 60, under which the shoulders 41 pass in the predetermined direction of rotation. Rotation opposite to the predetermined direction of rotation is prevented by the pawls 42 being held in the shoulders 41.
[0068] List of reference symbols
[0069] Housing
[0070] Guide walls
[0071] Housing ceiling wall
[0072] Housing base wall
[0073] Housing side wall upper housing opening lower housing opening
[0074] Cover cap lower housing opening
[0075] Housing intermediate floor
[0076] locking pin
[0077] Shaft locking pin upper end shaft
[0078] Mushroom head locking pin
[0079] guide tube
[0080] External thread shaft
[0081] Gear shaft
[0082] Gear internal thread
[0083] Recess locking pin
[0084] Guide contour a, b Guide pin upper contour point lower contour point short contour extension long contour extension
[0085] Anti-reverse device 41 paragraph
[0086] 42 pawls
[0087] 50 drive unit
[0088] 51 pinion drive unit
[0089] 60 guide sleeve
[0090] 61 bars
[0091] 62 collar guide sleeve
[0092] 63 Spring element latch
[0093] 64 Shaft passage opening
[0094] 65 Main part
[0095] A Distance contour points circumferential direction
[0096] D Direction of rotation of locking pin
[0097] X axial extension guide pin
[0098] Z axial direction locking pin / shaft
[0099] Zmin axial minimum distance
[0100] Zmax maximum axial distance
[0101] Zs axial travel guide sleeve
Claims
Claims 1. Container locking device comprising a housing (10) and a locking pin (20) which is rotatably movable relative to the housing (10) in the axial direction (Z) and in the circumferential direction, which locking pin is designed with a shaft (21) at least partially received by the housing (10) and with a mushroom head (23) formed on an upper end (22) of the shaft (21) for engagement in a container corner fitting, wherein the locking pin (20) is movable by means of a guide contour (30) and at least one guide pin (31a, 31b) engaging in the guide contour (30) between positions extended to different extents relative to the housing (10), characterized in that the guide contour (30) is formed so as to be continuously circumferential with respect to the shaft (21).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide contour (30) is formed in the circumferential direction with alternating changes in direction between upper contour points (32) and lower contour points (33), each upper contour point (32) being arranged with an axial minimum distance (Zmin) to the mushroom head (23) and each lower contour point (33) being arranged with an axial maximum distance (Zmax) to the mushroom head (23).
3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that a contour extension (34, 35) extending in the axial direction (Z) is formed from each upper contour point (32).
4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the contour extensions (34, 35) are formed in the direction of the mushroom head (23) alternately as a short contour extension (34) and a long contour extension (35).
5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide contour (30) is formed on the shaft (21) of the locking pin (20) and the at least one guide pin (31a, 31b) is mounted in a fixed position relative to the housing (10).
6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide contour (30) is formed in a guide tube (24) concentrically surrounding the shaft (21) of the locking pin (20) and the at least one guide pin (31a, 31b) is mounted in a fixed position in the shaft (21) of the locking pin (20).
7. Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the at least one guide pin (31a, 31b) is guided in its axial extent (X) in a spring-biased manner.
8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one guide pin (31a, 31b) is aligned radially to the locking pin (20).
9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the locking pin (20) cooperates with a reverse rotation lock (40) in such a way that the locking pin (20) is moved exclusively in a predetermined direction of rotation.
10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the anti-rotation device (40) comprises shoulders (41) formed in the guide contour (30), which can be traversed in one direction by the at least one guide pin (31a, 31b).
11. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the anti-rotation device (40) comprises one or more shoulders (41) arranged in the shaft (21), which in a predetermined direction of rotation pass under spring-biased locking pawls (41) and are held by the locking pawls (37) in the opposite direction of rotation.
12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the locking pin (20) is driven by a reversible drive unit (50) for a travel path in the axial direction (Z).
13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the shaft (21) of the locking pin (20) is formed with an external thread (25) which is in operative engagement with an internal thread (27) of a gear wheel (26) arranged on the shaft (21).
14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the external thread (25) and the guide contour (30) are arranged overlapping in the axial direction (Z) of the shaft (21).
15. Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the gear (26) is held stationary in the axial direction (Z) relative to the housing (10) and is driven by a pinion (51) of the drive unit (50).
16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the locking pin (20) is surrounded by a guide sleeve (60) between the mushroom head (23) and the guide contour (30).