Packaging collecting process with token reward and block use function

Abstract

The present invention relates to a packaging collecting process comprising the steps of providing a packaging with an embedded crypto token value comprising a serialized code, one or more packaging scanning devices able to scan the serialized code, the packaging scanning devices being connected to a token transfer system for transferring token or part of token to a user or users of the packaging collecting process, and wherein the token transfer system comprising a blockchain smart contract with a token block use function. The serialized code may be printed on or embedded in the packaging.

Description

[0001] PACKAGING COLLECTING PROCESS WITH TOKEN REWARD AND BLOCK USE FUNCTION

[0002] Field of the invention

[0003] The present invention relates to a packaging collecting process making use of blockchain technology.

[0004] Background

[0005] In many developing countries there is a need to invest into recycling facilities. However, such investments are problematic because manufacturers are not able to monitor use thereof. Collection systems exist but these may not be solving the root cause of littering that might be consumer behaviour or missing collection containers, or both.

[0006] Packaging incentive processes exist wherein consumers may receive a reward immediately after depositing package into container. However, such systems does not protect from fraud where packaging objects could be retrieved from the container and be scanned again. In addition, there is a possibility that the content of a recycling container is not delivered to the recycling facility but illegally disposed to the environment.

[0007] In existing packaging incentive processes it is not possible to confirm that actual value that is being transferred from a manufacturer directly to the packaging object. In existing systems it is often intended that token value is funded from consumers, sponsors or by the value of recovered materials. These systems are not suitable for smaller and low value packaging objects such as plastic wraps, sachets, plastic pouches, cups, straws, straw wraps, plastic trays, etc. There is a need for a ensuring that packaging waste is properly disposed enabling this by rewarding every participant. In many cases today, countries may be equipped with recycling facilities, however such recycling facilities do typically not work at full intended capacity because consumers are not motivated to sort and collect packaging, transport companies or collectors are not motivated to deliver waste to the recycling facility.

[0008] Current legislation of many countries might consider that it is not acceptable to import packaging waste because non- sorted packaging waste might generate health risks directly or indirectly to the workers involved in handling of the additional sorting process. However, countries with developed recycling infrastructure may receive sorted packaging waste, accept it for recycling with no harm for workers in the recycling plants, receive associated crypto token value and be capable to sell recovered materials after recycling.

[0009] There is therefore a need for a packaging collecting process that allows the possibility to block or allow international packaging waste flow.

[0010] There is a need for a packaging collection process that allows a clear and transparent way to share value embedded in the packaging waste.

[0011] Object of the invention

[0012] The objective of the present invention is to improve the state of the art and in particular to provide a packaging collecting process that will promote the collection and recycling of packaging.

[0013] More particularly, the objective of the invention is to provide a packaging collecting process that provides a transparent way to share value embedded in the packaging waste. Summary of the Invention

[0014] Accordingly, in one aspect, the invention provides a packaging collection process comprising the steps of providing

[0015] - a packaging with an embedded crypto token value comprising a serialized code,

[0016] - one or more packaging scanning devices able to scan the serialized code, the packaging scanning devices being connected to a token transfer system for transferring token or part of token to a user or users of the packaging collection process, and

[0017] - wherein the token transfer system comprising a blockchain smart contract with a token block use function.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the invention the serialized code is printed on or embedded in the packaging.

[0019] The present invention provides the use of crypto token value allocation. Such crypto token value allocation will distribute the reward amount transparently to every involved member of the packaging end of life cycle. Distribution percentage of crypto token value allocation could also be changed in accordance with the specific country situation. For example, countries where lack of collection is a problem might distribute higher ratio of token to consumers, collectors and transport companies while providing lesser amount to the recycling company.

[0020] The packaging collecting process according to the invention allows to split and grant use of crypto token value between users only once the packaging is fully disposed by a certified and audited recycling facility.

[0021] Current legislation of many countries might consider it not acceptable to import packaging waste because non-sorted packaging waste may generate health risks directly or indirectly to the workers involved in handling of the further sorting process. Countries with developed recycling infrastructure might receive sorted packaging waste, accept it for recycling with no harm for workers in the recycling plants, receive the crypto token value and be capable to sell recovered materials after recycling.

[0022] Furthermore, the packaging collecting process according to the invention provides a possibility to block or allow international packaging waste flow by using the blockchain smart contract functionality. It is providing the financial incentive to the accepting country, high quality sorted packaging waste which does not require any further manual handling or human interaction with packaging waste.

[0023] The present packaging collecting process allows clear and transparent token value allocation while allocating part of token value to users of recycling or collection infrastructure. The process according to the invention provides a possibility for a consumer purchase of a token value together with the packaging, which can subsequently be reclaimed by depositing of the packaging. Part of the token value can be allocated to collectors of the packaging upon submitting the collected packaging to a recycling facility.

[0024] Drawings

[0025] Fig.l shows a principle drawing of the packaging collecting process according to the invention.

[0026] Fig. 2 show an alternative embodiment of the packaging collecting system according to the invention where collection bags are used to collect packaging material without serialized codes.

[0027] Fig. 3 shows the ability of manufacturers to assign the crypto token value to the packaging. Fig. 4 shows the ability of consumers to transfer partial crypto token amount to their crypto wallet with help of an application. Fig. 4 shows the crypto token value partly blocked by the block use function.

[0028] Fig. 5 shows the ability of consumers to physically transfer packaging to collectors. Collectors can get serialized code information from application using a scanner device or directly from the blockchain.

[0029] Fig. 6 shows transport unit, collecting packaging from collectors or recycling containers. Serialized code information from collectors are transferred automatically using reference in the blockchain or geo-location position match of both users. For example, in case the waste truck is collecting waste from the dedicated recycling containers

[0030] Fig. 7 shows the end of the packaging lifecycle. The packaging is at the recycling organization while serialized code information about delivered packages is automatically transferred from the blockchain. Transport unit associated with the delivery including the geo-location sensor data is also recorded on the blockchain. Fig. 8 shows the process of serialized code generation, its association with crypto token value using blockchain smart contract functionality, printing QR code on the packaging

[0031] Fig. 9 shows the process of serialized code generation by a packaging vendor, serialized code check by manufacturer, authorization to print, delivery to manufacturer, association of serialized code and crypto token value on the blockchain smart contract.

[0032] Fig. 10 shows a process of serialized code scanning by the consumer using the scanning device of the application. A software application stores codes in a local memory and transfers serialized codes to the blockchain once connected to the internet.

[0033] Fig. 11 shows a process of serialized code list transfer from one user to another with relevant code association on the blockchain smart contract. Blockchain smart contract condition can authorize crypto token value release with unblocking function.

[0034] Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments of the Invention

[0035] In addition to the above mentioned benefits of the present invention the cost of application is important. Previously known systems to embed information to packaging might be expensive and not practical to apply. The packaging collection process according to the present invention make use of the relatively cheap technology like serialization codes. Multiple codes could be aggregated and compressed while packaging could be deposited into existing containers for packaging collection and be associated to the users.

[0036] In the present context, a blockchain is a network of computer nodes distributed geographically. Single computers are owned by independent individuals or institutions. There may be a need to be authorized to be able to join this network.

[0037] In the present context, a smart contract is a computer program executed on blockchain nodes. It typically receives input condition and process data according to the business logic functionality. A smart contract program executes once one or few conditions are met. The program output functionality might involve validation of account transfers with the ability to record the outcome on a blockchain ledger.

[0038] Furthermore, in the present context, crypto token is a virtual currency token or a denomination of a cryptocurrency. It represents a tradable asset or utility that resides on its own blockchain and allows the holder to use it for investment or economic purposes. Definition of the token on the blockchain is possible through a dedicated smart contract. In the present context, investors or users are private persons or representatives from companies aiming to allocate funds into tradable assets for a defined or un-defined time.

[0039] In the present context, manufacturing execution system is a combination of hardware and software used to control manufacturing process and manage respective data records.

[0040] In the present context, a crypto token wallet is a computer program comprising with functionality to store information about crypto token value asset, receive, transfer one or more crypto token assets from or to other crypto token wallets, protection from unauthorized use.

[0041] Embodiments of the invention are now described, by way of example only. Specific examples are now described to further illustrate the invention.

[0042] In the present context the crypto token value is a digital asset on a blockchain system which can be exchanged into a currency.

[0043] Furthermore, in the present context the serialized code is a unique and identifiable code which can be identified in the blockchain system with a smart contract.

[0044] It is preferred that the serialized code is printed on or embedded in the packaging. This allow the code to follow the packaging and avoid detachment thereof.

[0045] Advantageously, in the packaging collection process according to the invention the blockchain smart contract in the token transfer system comprises a recording function for recording on the blockchain an association of the serialized code and the crypto token value. This allows for manufacturers to embed crypto token value into the packaging itself to give an incentive to the consumers to collect used packaging.

[0046] Preferably, the packaging collection process comprises, upon a scanning of a packaging in the one or more packaging scanning devices, the step of transferring crypto token value to a user’s account, the user’s account is connected to the blockchain smart contract comprising the token block use function.

[0047] Furthermore, the process according to the invention may have the token block use function comprises a validation function, the validation function comprises an unblocking function to reserved amounts of crypto token value to the user of the packaging collection process. This has the advantage of ensuring that rewards or payments are only done after the collected packaging reached a recycling facility.

[0048] Advantageous, in the process according to the invention, data transfer to a blockchain using the blockchain smart contract comprising a mechanism of information compression by a hash function. This has the advantage that information is compressed and thus save storage space on the blockchain.

[0049] In the packaging collection process scanning of the packaging with the serialized code is done by the packaging scanning devices, preferably by means of the token transfer system, and results in an associating of the crypto token value to the user’s account and recording of the association on the blockchain. This allows for a payment to the user of packaging collection process.

[0050] The users of the packaging collecting process according to the invention may be selected from the group consisting of consumer, collector, transport unit and recycling organization or a combination thereof. The packaging collection process may comprise objects from the group consisting of collection bags, recycling containers, transport units, recycling organization or a combination thereof, the object being associated with the blockchain via individual serialized codes.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the invention the process according to the invention the unblocking function releases the token value amount upon receiving information about the collection of the packaging in the recycling organization. This allows a control of distribution of the value linked to the collection, and avoids that payments are done if the packaging is not received by the recycling organization.

[0052] It is preferred that the packaging collecting process according to the invention comprises a token transfer system comprising an automatic fraud evaluation system. Advantageously, the automatic fraud evaluation system comprises a function where the input is selected from the group consisting of geo-location position of the user, geo-location position of the collection point, geolocation position of the transport units, geolocation position of the recycling organization, the time since last information transfer to the blockchain, volumes of packaging in the transport unit or a combination of thereof. The advantage is that the process does not allow that a re- scanning of the same packaging can be done several times.

[0053] Preferably, in the packaging collecting process according to the invention, the mobile application comprises a function for collecting and transferring information selected from the group consisting of user geo-location position, geo-location position of recycling container, scanning device output comprising serialized codes of collected and scanned items (such as single packaging or aggregated packaging located) in recycling bags or recycling containers, reading and writing such information to the blockchain once the application is connected to the internet, a crypto token wallet with functionality of the token amount transfer to the crypto token wallets of other users, comprising access to other applications of e-banking, sms-money or a combination of thereof.

[0054] The above mentioned fraud evaluation system may comprise a check record function on the blockchain, providing information of the user associated with the packaging, highlighting the last geo-location position of the user record on the blockchain with an ability to highlight cause of packaging leak to the environment or a combination of thereof. This allows the process according to the invention to detect if that the truck drops the packaging, and that the packaging does not reach the final destination for recycling.

[0055] Furthermore, the process according to the invention may advantageously have a check record function that evaluates information obtained with the packaging scanning devices.

[0056] In addition the process according to the invention comprises a step where the packaging is scanned, checking associated existing records on the blockchain or a combination of thereof, to determine the last registered position of the packaging in the packaging collecting process, provide date of packaging disposal, collector point, lorry etc.

[0057] The packaging collecting process according to the invention is now further described with reference to the drawings. The process enables crypto token value allocation into the packaging as well as incentivizes users to complete packaging recycling. At the same time the packaging collection process provides transparency of the packaging waste flows. In Fig. 1 the packaging collection process starts with the release of the token on the blockchain (1). Users purchase larger part of the token (2a) while leaving the another part (2b) for transactions. Manufacturers (4) purchase the token on de- centralized exchanges (4a) and link the crypto token value to a packaging (4b) by associating a serial code on the packaging and registering the association using the smart contract on the blockchain. Consumers (5) purchase packaged products at retailers or shops (5a) and are able to use a scanning device to retrieve the serial code on the packaging to retrieve the token value allocated to them. Collected and sorted packaging waste are returned to the recycling stream using retailer collection points or dedicated containers (6). Transport companies (7) transport collected packages to the recycling sites (8). All serial codes with their association to the users are recorded on the blockchain. Initially embedded crypto token value is fully granted for use of all users only after the packaging object is physically confirmed to be recycled or prepared for reuse. The packaging collecting process according to the invention may be adopted to requirements of regulatory bodies (3), or by any interested companies producing packaging.

[0058] The packaging collecting process according to the invention may be global, decentralized and based on a public or private blockchain or combination thereof.

[0059] Use of blockchain may typically involve paying a small fee while writing information to the blockchain. Therefore, each party may pay its own fees during transactions on the blockchain. Fees may be deducted from tokens itself or be deducted from the user App (lb).

[0060] The packaging collecting process according to the invention can be implemented and maintained by one or several implementing organizations. The initial token release can be done by the core team. Token release may be made in accordance with relevant regulations or international standards. For example, it may be distributed: 20% - among core team members (2a), 30% - sold to investors or uses (2a), 50% - available for transactions (2b). Alternatively, the existing crypto token can be used. The implementing organization may be financed by receiving a percent fee from every transaction on the blockchain done using proposed packaging collection process.

[0061] In the present context, the investors are typically company representatives or private persons. Investors (2) in Fig. 2 maybe are required to participate in initial crypto token distribution. Investors may be receiving a token value in accordance with the ratio of their investments. They may ensure adequate financial backups and stability of the provided token.

[0062] Relevant regulator bodies, see Fig. 1 (3) shall be consulted to apply relevant regulations into the packaging collection process.

[0063] Regulator bodies (3) should be capable to define and apply respective rules. Such rules could be implemented by the implementing organization using the smart contract functionality on the blockchain. Rules may for example define the minimum equivalent of the crypto token value (4a) for the single packaging unit (minimum sufficient incentive to collect and process waste) expressed with a local currency equivalent, define the percentage of crypto token value split among the users of the packaging collection process (consumer, collector, retailer, transport company, recycling facility), define geographical restriction to import / export collected and sorted packaging waste, define other rules such as to develop collection and recycling infrastructure, approve use of crypto token value as a replacement of the tax, approve use of sorted packaging waste to recover energy etc.

[0064] The packaging collecting process uses a smart contract functionality which may only allow the crypto token value to be released once packaging is delivered to the certified and audited recycling organization. Crypto token value may not be released if packaging waste is be transported to the landfill or be incinerated in the recycling organization which is not certified. The smart contract functionality directs investment into recycling technology because otherwise the crypto token value may not be recovered. Regulatory bodies (3), investors or users (1), manufacturers (4) as well as representatives of consumers (4) may perform an audit of the recycling facilities.

[0065] Manufacturers (4) may purchase required crypto token amount (4a) on a decentralized exchange, see Fig. 3.

[0066] Packaging collecting process provides a possibility to associate serialized code information on the packaging (4b) with the crypto token amount. This association is achieved, using QR code or similar technology, or in the future, using the XRF technology, see EP3523359 regarding XRF technology for plastics traceability and circularity. Manufacturer of packaging may integrate this association process into dedicated module of a manufacturing execution system. A dedicated computer program logic within the smart contract, see Fig. 8, may receive information about the product batch, the amount of packaging, lists of serialized codes on the packaging, other information or parameters required. The minimum crypto token value required for the single packaging is calculated. The total crypto token value required may be sent to the program module responsible for the crypto token purchase on the exchange. Smart contract may contain additional restrictions and specific business rules: geo-locational limits, expiry time, min token amount and proportion reserved for the packaging collection process users. Dedicated logic will register such a smart contract on the blockchain. Once dedicated smart contract is registered on the blockchain, the required reference to this contract may be transferred to the industrial printers. Smart printers are capable to translate unique serialized codes into QR codes and print them on the packaging. Alternatively, whenever unique serialized codes are already printed on the packaging, such QR code reference might be directly registered on the blockchain within the smart contract created for the production batch, see Fig. 9.

[0067] A minimum monetary value equivalent in a form of the crypto token value amount may be assigned to packaging. Such assignment rules could be either defined by the regulator bodies (3) or be defined based on the commercial conditions, see Fig. 1. As the crypto token value equivalent in a local currency might fluctuate over time, the manufacturers can change crypto token value amount assigned to the packaging, see Figs. 3 and 8. The crypto token value association to the single packaging may be much less than the smallest monetary unit in the local currency. For example, the token value equivalent assigned could be even 0.005 $ or as low as 0.0001 $ per packaging.

[0068] As all the blockchain transactions may be publicly recorded they are therefore available for analytics and public scrutiny. Such transactional data might be used for example: to study packaging waste flows, to define packaging design and required shelf life, to target promotion campaigns using anonymously gathered consumer purchasing behaviour data, to identify potential fraud, to improve the recycling organization, to further reward users for following packaging collection process.

[0069] Consumers may be the main users of the packaging collecting process.

[0070] The blockchain technology (1) shown in Fig. 1 may provide personal crypto token wallets. Each consumer will be able to open an anonymous account associated with the crypto token wallet that can be used to store the crypto token value received from the relevant transactions during the usage of the packaging collection process. Consumer facing app functionality (lb) would allow to create crypto token wallets. Each crypto token wallet has a private and public key. Public key is also the name of the wallet which allows identification of the user account on the blockchain.

[0071] The final packaging consumers (5) are using scanning devices of the smartphone (lb) to retrieve serialized code embedded on packaging (5a), see Fig. 1 and 4. Computer program logic to use scanning devices is explained by the Fig. 10. The scanning action will allow to accumulate scanned serialized codes offline, allow to verify associated smart contract, allow to transfer the crypto token amount value to the wallet of the user. The dedicated block use function of the smart contract will state this transaction as pending. The application (lb) allows to visualize the crypto token amount collected and granted for use, see Fig. 1.

[0072] Packaging collection process requires the consumers to bring sorted and prepared packaging into collection points (6) in Fig. 1 in accordance with the local requirements defined by the regulatory bodies (3) or collectors (6). A dedicated functionality of the consumer application allows to associate scanned packages to other objects consisting of collection bags, recycling containers, transport units or recycling organizations. Such association could be recorded on the blockchain and be triggered by the user request according to the mechanism shown in Fig. 11. To compress information about scanned objects, the smart contract uses a hash function. The resulting output of the hash function (hash) is used to reduce the amount of information recorded on the blockchain. The hash as well as associated user will be separately recorded on the blockchain. Application functionality is using the hash to retrieve associations and efficiently allocate packaging waste flow while it is moving through the packaging collecting process streams as shown in Fig.l. Users of the packaging collecting process may need to pay a small fee to write transactions to the blockchain.

[0073] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the crypto token value will be assigned to the consumers but blocked until packaging collection process is completed at the recycling facility. Role of recycler facility is allowing to apply the unblocking function to release reserved amounts of crypto token value to consumers, see Fig.l 1.

[0074] Packaging interface such as QR code may be used by the scanning device and dedicated App (lb) to read information encoded in the QR code, see Fig. 1. Such scanning may be used to trigger smart contract functionality and transfer the fraction or full amount of associated crypto token value amount to the consumer account. Scanning the package for a second time by the same user can be blocked by the program. Scanning the serialized code by another consumer would be allowed. However, in that case, the automatic function of the fraud evaluation system may trigger a warning and suggest to the user to enter a comment or trigger investigation. In any case, the amount of association will be split equally between both users. For example, if that packaging is found in nature, or another consumer was illicitly scanning such item in a vending point but do not deposit it, the last user making a complaint may file an investigation request to the implementing organization. Implementing organization may use available metadata and information on the blockchain to retrieve associated crypto token amount from the affected users or issue a warning to respective users using the process.

[0075] The packaging collecting process according to the invention requires consumers to bring sorted and prepared packaging into collection points, see Fig.l (6). Dedicated facility including reverse vending machines and / or assisted check-in points may be integrated into the packaging collection process according to the invention. Collection points of different nature may be provided within apartment buildings, private households, retail points or in the public areas. Collection points are registered on the blockchain and identified with QR code. Customers use a dedicated application (lb) and transfer the list with all information about scanned items to the blockchain. The function of dedicated computer program is explained in the Fig. 11.

[0076] The packaging collecting process according to the invention allows consumers to drop collected packages and scan QR code in the container to confirm such action. The associated list of serialized codes may be compressed using a hash function. The output of the hash function, user identification, container’s geolocation position and their associations are recorded on the blockchain. Dedicated application (lb) as shown in Fig. 1 has functionality to automatically suggest such transactions should the user be located near such containers. Function of dedicated computer program is explained in the Fig. 11.

[0077] Packaging collecting process according to the invention may in an alternative embodiment use dedicated collection bags. Whenever packaging object value is small and it is not practical to use either QR code or Information Tags, the collection bags may be used. Specific computer program associates the amount of packaging deposited into bags with the user and may be validated by the collector. The association is then recorded on the blockchain. Function of this specific computer program is explained in the Fig. 11.

[0078] Embedded functionality of the application (lb) will trigger random checks of the provided material items. Collectors or members of implementing organization may perform random assigned verification of deposited packaging. Specific computer program functionality will automatically scan blockchain to identify deviations using an automated fraud evaluation system. This functionality could be achieved by monitoring account activities on the blockchain for the time periodicity, volumes, geo-location, pauses between scans, time between packaging deposits. For example, registering unusually high volumes of the packaging in one container or attempt to scan containers in an unusual geographical area could be highlighted for scrutiny.

[0079] The packaging collecting process according to the invention requires collectors to maintain reverse vending machine infrastructure (if available), collection points, containers. In return, collectors are automatically awarded with percentage of all available and processed crypto token value associated with collected packaging items. Crypto token value amount will be allocated in according to the block use function. The dedicated unblocking function will be triggered once associated packaging objects are transported, delivered to respective recycling organisations. The collectors will have to pay a fee when recording information to the blockchain. Collectors are also organizing reverse logistics when sending collected packaging items to the recycling points. This is for example done by contacting transport companies in a situation when this is managed by the separate organization.

[0080] Packaging prepared by collectors (6) in Fig. 1, as well as in Fig. 6 transported by a registered transport company (7). Transport company receives packaging from: collector points (6), existing containers, and reverse vending machines. Information about deposited items is retrieved from the blockchain and associated with the transport unit. Information is compressed using a hash function, aggregated with information about transport unit and again registered on the blockchain using the dedicated application (lb) in Fig. 1. There is no need to scan every item, only single items could be verified. Crypto token value amount is allocated to the transport unit in accordance with the block use function. The dedicated unblocking function will be triggered once associated packaging objects are transported to the recycling organization. The responsibility of the transport company is to pay a fee when recording information to the blockchain.

[0081] Transport unit may optionally include a dedicated computer program installed on the mobile loT (Internet of Things) device operating in the transport unit. Such computer program module is capable of reading transport unit position using geo-locational sensors. Program obtains information of the waste container position, transport unit speed and position to trigger blockchain information retrieval mechanism. Computer program retrieves data from the blockchain using the smart contract references of the collection point. The crypto token value amount reserved for the transport unit is automatically retrieved, associated with transport unit and recorded on the blockchain. The blockchain data may be used to optimize the collection schedule within the packaging waste collection process.

[0082] Information (including geo-location) about packaging and transport unit is recorded on the blockchain (1), see Fig. 1. A dedicated App (lb) functionality keeps record of the truck geo-location automatically from the collection point to the recycling facility. The automatic fraud evaluation system can detect deviations from normal patterns comprising usage of data of geolocation position of the recycling organization, the speed of the transport unit, the time since last information transfer to the blockchain or a combination thereof. In addition, packaging collecting process according to the invention allows to trace back every single packaging found in nature by scanning the packaging, triggering investigation by the implementing organization. This way, any fraudulent activities are minimized. The packaging collecting process is, in this example, using the unblocking function to release crypto token value only when packaging is physically delivered to the recycling organization.

[0083] International transport of packaging waste may be allowed by the regulatory bodies (3), Fig. 1 may be used whenever a country does not have any local infrastructure developed or it is not economically practically viable to do so. The block use function mechanism may be still in place limiting intended fraud situations of illegal waste disposal while incentivizing packaging collection for recycling. International packaging waste transport may therefore be commercially viable because of the crypto token value reward to the recycling facility. Nonetheless, such transportation could later be avoided whenever new recycling facilities (8) would have been built locally, see Fig. 1.

[0084] Only registered and certified recycling organizations (8) are able to join packaging collecting process according to the invention shown in Fig. 1. Recycling organization receives, recycles packaging producing new raw materials (8 a), prepares packaging items for re-use, or, whenever no other choice exists, recovers energy. Packaging is provided from collectors (6), transport companies (7), or directly from consumers (5). The recycling organization is not required to scan all the packaging. The required information is retrieved from the blockchain using associated information from the transport unit, which is provided directly from the App (la) in Fig. 1. The recycling organization confirms that packaging items are properly recycled or prepared for re-use. The unblocking function may be triggered using a dedicated computer program, see Fig. 11.

[0085] The recycling organization may be periodically audited by the commission represented by: regulators (3), manufacturers (4), investors (2), implementing organization, and randomly selected consumers (5) shown in Fig. 1. The packaging collecting process according to the invention may use automatic fraud evaluation system to highlight required gaps and to target audit commission towards automatically identified gaps. These gaps are identified using available public data from the blockchain. For example, un-usually fast material flows may be detected as they might just mean that only data was passed to the system without physically delivering the material to the destination.

[0086] The recycling organization (8) shown in Fig. 1 sells recovered materials (8a) or energy back to respective manufacturers (4) and energy providers.

[0087] The present section of the packaging collection process may describe already existing principles and blockchain standards.

[0088] Generally, anyone could purchase or sell crypto tokens provided by the packaging collecting process if this is allowed by the regulatory bodies (3) shown in Fig. 1. Consumers (5), may use crypto exchanges to convert all or part of the crypto token to the local currency using: e-banking, payment to credit / debit card, payments to systems like ‘SMS Money’, cash withdrawal.

[0089] Crypto token owners may create transactions to exchange tokens for new products, transfer crypto tokens to any other wallet (friend, family gift, or donation). Ideally the crypto token would return to the circulation as soon as it is exchanged to the local or another crypto currency. New cycle will start in accordance as described in relation to manufacturers.

[0090] The total released amount of the crypto token is fixed in the process according to the invention. It is expected to have the natural loss of the crypto token in circulation. For example, in Fig. 1 not all assigned crypto token value amounts (5a) associated with packaging could be ‘collected’. Consumers (5) might forget to scan the packaging or accidental littering would occur. Some consumers might be losing smart phone or password to access the crypto token wallet. The packaging collection process cycle from manufacturing until consumption and packaging recycling may last several weeks or even month. This will keep tokens in circulation and valuable liquidity will stay in the ecosystem and reduce crypto token price volatility.

[0091] A smart contract is a computer program deployed on the blockchain. Dedicated input parameters as well as business rules are embedded into such programs to allow desired functionalities.

[0092] Smart contracts can support initial definition of the crypto token, record information on the blockchain, embed business logic, exchange of crypto tokens between accounts, associate crypto tokens value amount to the serialized code on the packaging, block use function, unblocking function.

[0093] Crypto token definition is performed within a smart contract. Required information to define the token is standardized: Name and symbol, total amount of token, number of decimal points, account where such token should be transferred. After definition, the commission is paid and information recorded on the blockchain.

[0094] A dedicated mechanism may ensure that every package will physically get a QR code and associated unique serialized code as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9. The assignment of code to the crypto token value is automatically done at the production line of the manufacturer (4) shown in Fig. 1. The authorization to produce a batch may be made as explained on the Fig. 8 and 9. Advantageously, the packaging collecting process according to the invention enables collection of existing packaging waste. To enable a mechanism to restore or clean the environment, a smart contract is created. For example, smart contract could enforce specific rules. Geographical boundaries of collection, duration, type of packaging waste to be accepted, crypto token award for each kg of waste per type, serial code references of collecting bags etc.

[0095] Specialized application (la) shown in Fig. 1 will perform a check record function comprising checking of scanned serialized code presence on the blockchain. Such check record function will enable transfer crypto token value from the packaging to the user’s crypto wallet, see Fig. 10. Whenever the consumer (5) in Fig. 1 moves the packaging further through the collection (6), transport unit (7) or recycling organization (8), it will trigger an automatic percent allocation of the crypto token value among participating users. The proportion of allocation could be set either by regulatory body (3) or by the implementing organization in the smart contract. Whenever one user is not participating in the packaging collection process, then remaining participating users will obtain higher crypto token reward. For example, if consumer (5) will directly bring packaging to the recycling organization, then only consumer (5), recycling organization (7) as well as implementing organization will be rewarded. On the other hand, if more transitory steps occur, for example due to international waste transfer, then every participating user will receive lesser crypto token reward.

[0096] Blockchain technology allows to transfer crypto token between supported crypto wallets. This is controlled using embedded functionality of the application, see (la) in Fig. 1.

[0097] Advantageously, the packaging collecting process according to the invention can be used to enable the public to participate in cleaning activities. Anyone may be allowed to setup the campaign using the application functionality (la) in Fig. 2. For example, a new smart contract could be defined. Dedicated wallet type will be created accepting tokens for donations. Such wallet will only be able to receive donated crypto tokens and be used to associate collected crypto token value amounts with serialized codes associated with the QR codes printed on the collection bags.

[0098] All relevant packaging waste (9a) shown in Fig. 2 may be collected into the dedicated collection bags with QR code. Volunteers (10) shown in Fig. 2 use application (lb) to assigned collection bags with their user identity. The remaining packaging collecting process is conducted as shown in Fig. 2 and include all elements of the invention including crypto token block use function, unblocking function, recording to blockchain functions, as discussed above.

[0099] The packaging collecting process according to the invention may involve the following steps: Manufacturer (4) purchases crypto token on the de-centralized exchange, see Fig. 3. A software application calculating needed amount of the token required for every packaging object of one production batch, see Fig. 8. A software application generating unique serialized codes and association of QR codes to the crypto token value amount. A smart contract application writing a list of unique serialized codes and associated token value on the blockchain as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9. Manufacturer prints QR codes associated with unique serialized codes on the packaging objects, see Fig. 8, or manufacturer authorizes printing of the QR codes to the packaging manufacturers shown in Fig. 9. The confirmation of crypto token value and serialized code assignment to the packaging object is registered on the blockchain. The packaging collection process involving the following steps. A dedicated software application working on mobile devices connected to the blockchain through the internet communication protocol (1) in Fig. 1. Consumer or collector performs packaging scanning retrieving serialized codes from the packaging objects, see Fig. 10. The software application records a list of serialized codes to the database of the mobile device. The software application checks serialized codes in the database, their registration on the blockchain, associated crypto token value amount. The software application associates all users involved with the packaging collection process with associated crypto token value amount. The software application assigns the token value amount using a block use function. The software application transfers multiple serialized codes, compresses information using a hash function, associates corresponding users with compressed information on the blockchain, associates physical objects (collection bag, recycling container, transport unit, recycling organization) with packaging, associates crypto token value amount to all users involved in the process.

[0100] The packaging collecting process according to invention involves the following steps. The smart contract functionality can unblock crypto token value amount to reward associated user at specific conditions, see Fig. 11. Crypto token amount associated with the respective users, for example, ‘consumer’, ‘collector’, ‘transport unit’ or ‘volunteer’, is only unblocked for use if packaging is physically transferred to the user account with denomination role ‘recycler’ . A dedicated audit process is in place to check packaging recycling, energy recovery, preparation for reuse.

[0101] The packaging collecting process according to the invention may preferably involve the following steps: A software application capable to independently scan blockchain records for potential fraud. Fraud is identified by checking time of packaging transit, geo-location of transport units, estimated and actual time to pass packaging between different geo-location points, number of scans, geolocation position of packaging found in nature, association to the last user with a packaging found in nature.

Claims

Claims1. A packaging collecting process comprising the steps of providing- a packaging with an embedded crypto token value comprising a serialized code,- one or more packaging scanning devices able to scan the serialized code, the packaging scanning devices being connected to a token transfer system for transferring token or part of token to a user or users of the packaging collection process, and- wherein the token transfer system comprising a blockchain smart contract with a token block use function.

2. Process according to claim 1, wherein the serialized code is printed on or embedded in the packaging.

3. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the blockchain smart contract in the token transfer system comprises a recording function for recording on the blockchain an association of the serialized code and the crypto token value.

4. Process according to any of the preceding claims, comprises, upon a scanning of a packaging in the one or more packaging scanning devices, the step of transferring crypto token value to a user’s account, the user’s account is connected to the blockchain smart contract comprising the token block use function.

5. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the token block use function comprises a validation function, the validation function comprises an unblocking function to reserved amounts of crypto token value to the user of the packaging collection process.

6. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein data transfer to a blockchain using the blockchain smart contract comprising a mechanism of information compression by a hash function.

7. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein scanning of the packaging with the serialized code by the packaging scanning devices, is by means of the token transfer system, result in an association of the crypto token value to the user’s account and recording of the association on the blockchain.

8. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the user is selected from the group consisting of consumer, collector, transport unit and recycling organization or a combination thereof.

9. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the packaging collection process comprises objects from the group consisting of collection bags, recycling containers, transport units, recycling organization or a combination thereof, the object being associated with the blockchain via individual codes.

10. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the unblocking function releases the token value amount upon receiving information about the collection of the packaging in the recycling organization.

11. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the token transfer system comprises an automatic fraud evaluation system.

12. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the automatic fraud evaluation system comprises a function selected from the group consisting of geo-location position of the user, geo-location position of the collection point, geo-location position of the transport units, geo-location position of the recyclingorganization, the time since last information transfer to the blockchain, volumes of packaging in the transport unit or a combination thereof.

13. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the automatic fraud evaluation system comprises a check record function on the blockchain, providing information on the user associated with the packaging, highlighting the last geo-location position of the user record on the blockchain with an ability to highlight cause of packaging leak to the environment or a combination of thereof.

14. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the packaging is scanned, checking associated records on the blockchain, to determine life cycle stage.

15. Process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the token value is allocated to recycling bags, enabling collection of packaging waste without the serialized code.

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