Devices and methods for communication
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2023957268
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication systems face challenges in seamlessly configuring and maintaining quality of experience (QoE) measurements during handovers between different network devices, particularly across different radio access technologies (RATs).
The proposed solution involves a method where a first network device transmits a request to a second network device for switching the connection, including a first QoE measurement configuration. The second network device determines a second QoE measurement configuration associated with the first configuration and responds to the first network device, which then transmits the second configuration to the terminal device for performing QoE measurements after the switching.
This approach ensures continuous and effective QoE measurement configuration during handovers, improving the quality of service for terminal devices across different network connections.
Smart Images

Figure CN2023129406_08052025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATIONFIELDSExample embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for quality of experience (QoE) measurement configuration.BACKGROUNDCommunication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services. For example, QoE measurement has been supported. In some cases, QoE measurement collection (QMC) function enables collection of application layer measurements from user equipment (UE) . To perform the QoE measurement or the QMC function, a configuration of QoE measurement may be configured. Works are ongoing regarding the QoE measurement configuration.SUMMARYIn general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, devices and computer storage medium for QoE measurement configuration.In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a first network device, configuration information of switching a connection from the first network device to a second network device, the configuration information comprising a second configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the second network device, the second configuration being different from a first configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the first network device; and perform a quality of experience measurement based on the second configuration after the switching.In a second aspect, there is provided a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; receive, from the second network device, a response to the request, the response including a second configuration of quality of experience measurement, the second configuration being associated with the first configuration; and transmit, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration.In a third aspect, there is provided a second network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the second network device to: receive, from a first network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; determine a second configuration of quality of experience measurement based on the first configuration; and transmit, to the first network device, a response to the request, the response including the second configuration of quality of experience measurement.In a fourth aspect, there is provided a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In a fifth aspect, there is provided a third network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the third network device to: receive, from a first network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In a sixth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a first network device, configuration information of switching a connection from the first network device to a second network device, the configuration information comprising a second configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the second network device, the second configuration being different from a first configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the first network device; and performing a quality of experience measurement based on the second configuration after the switching.In a seventh aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a first network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; receiving, from the second network device, a response to the request, the response including a second configuration of quality of experience measurement, the second configuration being associated with the first configuration; and transmitting, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration.In an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a second network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a first network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; determining a second configuration of quality of experience measurement based on the first configuration; and transmitting, to the first network device, a response to the request, the response including the second configuration of quality of experience measurement.In a ninth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a first network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In a tenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a third network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a first network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, or tenth aspect.Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThrough the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling flow for QoE measurement configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow for QoE measurement reporting;FIG. 4 to FIG. 11 illustrates further example signaling flows for QoE measurement configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;FIG. 12 illustrates a signaling flow for priority information communication between network devices in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 13 illustrates a signaling flow for QoE measurement in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a third network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;FIG. 19 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTIONPrinciple of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.As used herein, the term “QoE configuration” or “QoE measurement configuration” may refer to a configuration of QoE measurement, which may be an application layer measurement configuration received by the gNB from operation and maintenance (OAM) or core network (CN) . As used herein, the term “QoE report” or “QoE measurement report” may refer to an application layer measurement reports received from UE’s application layer.FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of communication devices, including a terminal device 110 and a network device 120 (also referred to as a first network device 120) , a network device 130 (also referred to as a second network device 130) , . . ., and a network device 140 (also referred to as a third network device 140) , can communicate with each other.In the example of FIG. 1, the terminal device 110 may be a UE, and the first network device 120, the second network device 130 and the third network device 140 may be a base station serving the UE. The serving area of a network device may be called a cell. For example, the serving area of the first network device 120 is a cell 122, the serving area of the second network device 130 is a cell 132, and the serving area of the third network device 140 is a cell 142.In some embodiments, the plurality of network devices in the communication environment 100 may be the same or different. In an example, the first network device 120 may be a new radio (NR) network node such as gNB or a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network node. The first network device 120 may provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the terminal device 110, and may be connected via a next generation (NG) interface to the fifth generation core network (5GC) . The second network device 130 may be an evolved network node such as eNB or next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB) . The second network device 130 may provide evolved universal mobile telecommunications system territorial radio access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the terminal device 110, and may be connected via the NG interface to the 5GC. In some embodiments, the third network device 140 may be the NR network node such as gNB, or any other suitable network device.In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the first network device 120 and the third network device 140 operating as NR network nodes and the second network device 130 operating as an evolved network node. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with an NR network node may be implemented at a different network node or other device, and operations described in connection with the evolved network node may be implemented at another network node or other device.As shown, the terminal device 110 is currently served by the cell 122 of the first network device 120. In such cases, the cell 122 may be referred to as a serving cell, and the first network device 120 may be referred to as a serving network device or a serving network node. In the scenario of handover, the cell 132 or cell 142 may be referred to as a candidate cell for handover, and the second network device 130 or third network device 140 may be referred to as a candidate network device.In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may move to another cell. For example, if the terminal device 110 moves to the cell 132 of the second network device 130, a handover or cell switch may happen. After the handover, the cell 132 becomes the serving cell, and the cell 122 may become a candidate cell. It is to be understood that any cell may become the serving cell or candidate cell under different situations.In some embodiments, if the terminal device 110 moves to the cell 132 of an eNB from the cell 122 of gNB or moves from the cell 132 to the cell 122, the handover may be referred to as “intra system inter-radio access technology (RAT) handover” . As used herein, the term “intra system” may refer to a system supporting the fifth-generation core network (5GC) . The term “inter-RAT” may refer to the interaction between NR and LTE.In the communication environment 100, the network device 120, 130 or 140 and the terminal device 110 may communicate data and control information to each other. The network devices 120, 130 and 140 may also communicate with each other.It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additional devices may be located in the cell, and one or more additional cells may be deployed in the communication environment 100. It is noted that although illustrated as a network device, the network device 120, 130 or 140 may be another device than a network device. Although illustrated as a terminal device, the terminal device 110 may be other device than a terminal device.In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the terminal device 110 operating as a UE and the network devices 120, 130 and 140 operating as a base station. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 is a terminal device and the network device 120, 130 or 140 is a network device, a link from the network device 120, 130 or 140 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120, 130 or 140 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the network device 120, 130 or 140 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the terminal device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the terminal device 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the network device 120, 130 or 140 is a RX device (or a receiver) .The communications in the communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.As mentioned, QoE measurement configuration has been supported. In some cases, for the radio resource control (RRC) _CONNECTED state mobility, the source gNB may transmit QoE measurement configuration (s) and / or information related to the configuration (s) of a specific UE to a target gNB via an interface, such as Xn application protocol (XnAP) or next generation application protocol (NGAP) . The XnAP may be an interface between two NG-radio access networks (RANs) . The NGAP may be an interface between gNB or NG-eNB to an access and mobility management function (AMF) .In some cases, the QoE measurement may be a signaling-based QoE measurement (also referred to as a signaling-based QoE) , or a management-based QoE measurement (also referred to as a management-based QoE) .For signalling-based QoE measurements, the OAM initiates the QoE measurement activation for a specific UE via the 5GC, and the gNB receives one or more QoE measurement configurations by means of UE-associated signalling. The QoE measurement configuration for signalling-based activation includes an application layer measurement configuration list and the corresponding information for QoE measurement collection, e.g., QoE reference, service type, measurement collection entity (MCE) Internet protocol (IP) address, slice scope, area scope, minimization of drive tests (MDT) alignment information and the indication of available RAN visible QoE metrics. For the RRC_CONNECTED state mobility, for signaling-based QoE, the service type, QoE reference, MCE IP address, measurement configuration application layer id, MDT alignment information, area scope, slice support list for QMC and measurement status are passed to the target gNB.For management-based QoE measurement activation, the OAM sends one or more QoE measurement configurations directly to the gNB. The QoE measurement configuration for management-based activation also includes an application layer measurement configuration list and the corresponding information for QoE measurement collection. The gNB selects UE (s) that meet the required QoE measurement capability, area scope and slice scope. For the RRC_CONNECTED state mobility, for management-based QoE, the service type, measurement configuration application layer id, MCE IP address and QoE measurement status are passed to the target gNB.For RRC_INACTIVE state mobility, QoE measurement configuration (s) of a specific UE may be retrieved from the gNB hosting the UE context when it resumes to the RRC_CONNECTED state. Multiple sets of QoE measurement configurations may be supported during mobility.For signalling-based QoE, at handover to a target gNB that supports QoE measurement collection, the target gNB decides which of the application layer measurement configurations should be kept or released, e.g., based on application layer measurement configuration information received from the source gNB in Xn / NG signalling.It is proposed that for handover (HO) from NR to LTE / 5GC, the UE may keep and continue measurements for only one configuration for a service type supported in LTE. It is also proposed that for HO from LTE / 5GC to NR, the UE may keep and continue measurements for the ongoing configuration for a service type supported in NR.In some cases, inter-RAT is supported. That is, the interaction between NR and LTE is supported. However, for intra system inter-RAT handover, how to configure the QoE measurement needs to be considered.In some mechanisms, QoE measurement continuity from NR to LTE / 5GC and vice versa may be supported by the current area scope for QMC information element (IE) . The scenario where a UE is handed over from NR to LTE / 5GC and then back to NR is not considered in the context of continuity of QoE measurements during intra-5GC inter-RAT HO. HO from LTE / 5GC to NR may be supported without introducing any new IEs. For HO from LTE / 5GC to NR, there is no impacts to RAN3. From NR to LTE, the source node decides which one of the QoE configuration to keep.However, when the UE performs a handover from gNB to ng-eNB, the mobility of QoE is supported in previous meetings. Due to the limitation of ng-eNB, only one QoE configuration can be passed from gNB to ng-eNB. How to select the only QoE configuration should be solved. In addition, the UE should release other un-transmitted QoE configurations. When and how to perform the release should be discussed.Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on QoE measurement configuration is proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device transmits, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device. The request includes a first configuration of quality of experience measurement. The first network device receives, from the second network device, a response to the request. The response includes a second configuration of quality of experience measurement. The second configuration is associated with the first configuration. For example, the second configuration is determined by the second network device based on the first configuration. The first network device transmits, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration. The terminal device receives the second configuration and performs the QoE measurement based on the second configuration. In this way, the second configuration of QoE measurement can be configured for the terminal device.Reference is made to FIG. 2, which illustrates a signaling flow 200 for QoE measurement configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 200 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110, the first network device 120 and the second network device 130.In the following description, it is assumed that the first network device 120 may operate as an NR network node, and the second network device 130 may operate as an evolved network node. It is to be understood that in some embodiments, the first network device 120 or the second network device 130 may be a different network device or network node.In the signaling flow 200, it is assumed that the terminal device 110 is currently served in the cell 122 of the first network device 120. The first network device 120 may be referred to as a source network device. It is also assumed that the cell 132 of the second network device 130 is the cell for handover. The second network device 130 may be referred to as the target network device.In operation, the first network device 120 transmits (210) , to the second network device 130, a request for a switching from a first connection between the terminal device 110 and the first network device 120 to a second connection between the terminal device 110 and the second network device 130. The request includes a first configuration of quality of experience measurement. The second network device 130 receives (220) the first configuration. As used herein, the term “request for a switching between the first connection to the second connection” may be referred to as a “handover request” or “Handover Request message” or “Handover Required message” .In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may determine the first configuration of QoE measurement from a plurality of configurations of QoE measurement configured by the first network device 120.In some embodiments, a configuration of QoE measurement of the plurality of QoE measurement may be an application layer measurement configuration received by the first network device 120 from OAM or CN. The configuration may be encapsulated in a transparent container. The configuration may be forwarded to the terminal device 110 as Application layer configuration in the RRCReconfiguration message. There may be one or more configurations of QoE measurement in a single RRCReconfiguration message. For example, the IE AppLayerMeasConf may indicate the configuration of application layer measurements. Table 1 shows an example of AppLayerMeasConf IE.Table 1In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may select the first configuration from the plurality of configurations based on priority information of the plurality of configurations. The priority information may be from OAM and / or application function (AF) and other information. For example, the first network device 120 may select the QoE configuration with highest priority.The priority information may be included in such as Assistance Information of QoE measurement IE in the UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information. The presence of the Assistance Information of QoE measurement IE may be O.In an example embodiment, the priority information may be integers. For example, a priority number may be assigned for each QoE configuration. The IE type and reference of Assistance Information of QoE measurement IE may be INTEGER (0…15…) . In one option, this IE may indicate for priority information of QoE configuration. The lower of the integer, the higher of the priority. It is used for QoE report for RAN overload, the terminal device 110 to decide which reports to discard in case the terminal device 110’s QoE buffer becomes full in idle or inactive state, selection of QoE configuration for intra-system inter-RAT handover. In another option, this IE may indicate for priority information of QoE configuration. The higher of the integer, the higher of the priority. It is used for QoE report for RAN overload, the terminal device 110 to decide which reports to discard in case the terminal device 110’s QoE buffer becomes full in idle or inactive state, selection of QoE configuration for intra-system inter-RAT handover.In another embodiment, the priority information may be an enumerated type, such as low, medium, high. One of these priority level may be assigned form each QoE configuration. The IE type and reference of Assistance Information of QoE measurement IE may be ENUMERATED (High, Medium, Low) , or ENUMERATED (High, Low) , or ENUMERATED (High, …) . This IE may indicate for priority information of QoE configuration. The lower of the integer. It is used for QoE report for RAN overload, the terminal device 110 to decide which reports to discard in case the terminal device 110’s QoE buffer becomes full in idle or inactive state, selection of QoE configuration for intra-system inter-RAT handover.In a further embodiment, the priority information may be an enumerated type, such as true and optional false. For example, if the enumerated type is absent, it means that the type is false. In such cases, such enumerated type may be assigned for each QoE configuration. For example, “true” may represent that the priority of the corresponding QoE configuration is high, or otherwise. The IE type and reference of Assistance Information of QoE measurement IE may be ENUMERATED (true, . . . ) . This IE may define whether the QoE configuration is high. It is used for QoE report for RAN overload, the terminal device 110 to decide which reports to discard in case the terminal device 110’s QoE buffer becomes full in idle or inactive state, selection of QoE configuration for intra-system inter-RAT handover.Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the first network device 120 may select the first QoE configuration from the plurality of configurations based on additional information. For example, the first QoE configuration may be selected based on respective service types of the plurality of configurations. For example, there may be some services that the second network device 130 does not support. The first network device 120 may firstly select the services that is supported by the second network device 130, and then select the first QoE configuration based on the priority information.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may select the first QoE configuration based on a plurality of time points at which the plurality of configurations is configured. For example, the earlier of the QoE configuration, the lower of the priority to be selected as the first QoE configuration.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may select the first QoE configuration based on respective sizes of the plurality of configurations. For example, the first network device 120 may select the first QoE configuration with OCTET STRING smaller than a threshold size such as 1000 or any other suitable size.It is to be understood that the first network device 120 may select the first configuration based on any combination of the above parameters or information, and any other suitable parameter or information. Scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.In some embodiments, the QoE measurement or QoE measurement collection may be for dynamic adaptive streaming over hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) (DASH) streaming services, multimedia telephony services over internet protocol (IP) multimedia subsystems (IMS) (MTSI) , and / or virtual reality (VR) services. For DASH, MTSI, VR, the QoE measurement collection may be supported in RRC_CONNECTED state unless the application data for DASH and VR is delivered via multicast broadcast service (MBS) broadcast. QoE measurement collection for application sessions delivered via MBS broadcast are supported in RRC_CONNECTED, RRC_INACTIVE, and RRC_IDLE states. QoE measurement collection for the application sessions delivered via MBS multicast are supported in RRC_CONNECTED state only. QMC functionality is also supported in NR-dual connectivity (DC) . In some embodiments, the naming QoE measurement is used in NG, Xn, and interfaces between the OAM and the gNB. In the Uu interface, the naming application layer measurement is used and is equal to QoE measurement.Table 2 shows several IE in the QMC configuration information, that is, configuration information for the QMC functionality. The range maxnoofUEAppLayerMeas may refer to a maximum number of UE application layer measurements. The value of maxnoofUEAppLayerMeas may be 16 or any other suitable integer.Table 2In some embodiments, the UE application layer measurement configuration information may include the QMC functionality configuration information. The QMC functionality configuration information may include one or more IEs, such as QoE Reference, Container for Application Layer Measurement Configuration, etc. The QoE Reference IE may be defined in clause 5.2 of technical specification (TS) 28.405
[0045] , and may consist of mobile control code (MCC) +mobile network code (MNC) +QMC ID, where the MCC and MNC are coming with the QMC activation request from the management system to identify one public land mobile network (PLMN) containing the management system, and QMC ID is a 3-bytes Octet String. The presence of the QoE Reference IE may be M. The type of QoE reference IE may be OCTET STRING (SIZE (6) ) . The Container for Application Layer Measurement Configuration IE may be defined in Annex L in 26.247
[0046] , clause 16.5 in TS 26.114
[0051] and clause 9 in TS 26.118
[0052] . The Container for Application Layer Measurement Configuration IE may be present in case of initial QoE configuration, and shall be included in Source to Target Transparent Container IE for signalling-based QMC during NG-based handover. The presence of the Container for Application Layer Measurement Configuration IE may be O, and the IE type and reference of the Container for Application Layer Measurement Configuration IE may be OCTET STRING (SIZE (1. . 8000) ) .In some embodiments, the QoE measurement continuity for mobility may follow Table 3 or Table 4 below, which may be included in TS 38.300.Table 3Table 4The second network device 130 determines (230) a second configuration of QoE measurement based on the first configuration. The second configuration may be similar to the first configuration. For example, a part of the first configuration may be kept in the second configuration. A remaining part of the second configuration may be amended based on information associated with the second network device 130.The second network device 130 transmits (240) , to the first network device 120, a response to the request. The response includes the second configuration which is associated with the first configuration. The first network device 120 receives (250) the response. In embodiments wherein the request is a handover request, the response may be a handover request acknowledge or a “Handover Request Acknowledge message” .In some embodiments, the communication between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over Xn interface. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the communication between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over NG interface. For example, the request may be transmitted (210) to the second network device 130 via an AMF or any other suitable function or device in 5GC. Likewise, the response is received (250) from the second network device 130 via the AMF.The first network device 120 transmits (260) , to the terminal device 110, configuration information of the switching. The configuration information includes the second configuration. The terminal device 110 receives (270) the configuration information. The terminal device 110 performs (280) the QoE measurement based on the second configuration. As used herein, the configuration information may be MobilityFromNRCommand or any other suitable message or IE.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may perform a release of the first configuration. The first network device 120 may further transmit, to the terminal device 110, a first indication of the release. By way of example, the first indication may be transmitted before at least one of: the switching, a transmission of the request to the second network device 130, or a transmission of the configuration information to the terminal device 110. In this way, the source network device may decide to transmit which QoE configuration (s) to the target network device and release other QoE configuration (s) after the handover decision.In some embodiments, the response of the request may include a first RRC configuration and a second indication indicating a release of a second RRC configuration configured by the first network device 120. The first configuration may be included in the first RRC configuration. In such cases, the configuration information may include the first RRC configuration and the second indication. In this way, the target network device may prepare a full RRC configuration to the terminal device during NR to LTE handover.In some embodiments, in response to receiving the configuration information, the terminal device 110 may perform a release of a third configuration of QoE measurement configured by the first network device 120. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may perform a release of a third configuration of QoE configured by the first network device 120 after the switching. In some embodiments, by transmitting the QoE release configurations to the second network device 130, the second network device 130 may contain these release configurations in the configuration information such as MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110 to release the unselected QoE configuration.In some embodiments, the configuration information may include a third indication of a release of a third configuration of QoE measurement configured by the first network device 120. As used herein, an indication of the release of a QoE configuration configured by the first network device 120 may also be referred to as a release indication or a release configuration. In response to receiving the configuration information, the terminal device 110 may perform the release of the third configuration of QoE measurement. In this way, the source network device may prepare a release configuration which is included in the configuration information such as MobilityFromNRCommand.In some embodiments, a list of QoE references may be used to deactivate the corresponding QoE measurement collection job (s) . Upon reception of the QoE release message in an application layer measurement configuration, the terminal device 110 may discard any unsent application layer measurement reports corresponding to the released application layer configuration.In this way, the terminal device 110 may perform (280) the QoE measurement based on the second configuration which is based on the selected first configuration. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement result. FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow 300 for QoE measurement reporting. The signaling flow 300 involves the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1, a network device 320, and an MCE 330. The network device 320 may be the first network device 120, the second network device 130 or the third network device 140 in FIG. 1.In the signaling flow 300, it is assumed that the handover between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 is completed. The terminal device 110 is currently served in the cell 132 of the second network device 130. That is, it is assumed that the network device 320 is the second network device 130.Before the signaling flow 300, the terminal device 110 receives the configuration information from the first network device 120. The configuration information may include the second configuration of QoE configuration. The second configuration may be a QoE container. The terminal device 110 may forward (340) the QoE container (that is, the second configuration) to application layer. The application layer may perform (350) QoE measurement and encapsulates the QoE measurement result in a transparent container to lower layer. For example, application layer measurement reports received from application layer of the terminal device 110 may be encapsulated in a transparent container.In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit (360) the QoE measurement results container to the network device 320. For example, the application layer measurement reports may be transmitted to the network device 320 in the MeasurementReportAppLayer message. The terminal device 110 may send multiple application layer measurement reports to the network device 320 in a single MeasurementReportAppLayer message. In response to receiving the QoE measurement results container, the network device 320 may transmit (370) the QoE measurement results container to the MCE 330. An example of the MeasurementReportAppLayer message is shown in Table 5 below.Table 5Several embodiments regarding the QoE measurement configuration and QoE measurement reporting have been described with respect to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. Further embodiments regarding the QoE measurements will be described with respect to FIG. 4 to FIG. 11, which illustrate signaling flows 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 and 1100 for QoE measurement configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flows 400 to 1100 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110, the first network device 120 and the second network device 130.In the following description, it is assumed that the first network device 120 may operate as an NR network node, and the second network device 130 may operate as an evolved network node. It is to be understood that in some embodiments, the first network device 120 or the second network device 130 may be a different network device or network node.In the signaling flows 400 to 1100, it is assumed that the terminal device 110 is currently served in the cell 122 of the first network device 120. The first network device 120 may be referred to as a source network device. It is also assumed that the cell 132 of the second network device 130 is the cell for handover. The second network device 130 may be referred to as the target network device.Referring to FIG. 4, in operation, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decide to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130 and releases other QoE configuration (s) after the handover decision. As used herein, the selected QoE measurement configuration may also be referred to as a “selected QoE configuration” or “the first configuration of QoE measuremenet” or “the first configuration” .In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit (430) a handover request (also referred to as “Handover Request message” ) to the second network device 130. The Handover Request message includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.In some embodiments, the Handover Request may be transmitted in a transparent RRC container with necessary information to prepare the handover at the target side. The information may include at least the target cell identity (ID) , KgNB*, the cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) of the terminal device 110 in the first network device 120, RRM-configuration including inactive time of the terminal device 110, basic angle spread (AS) -configuration including antenna Info and DL Carrier Frequency, the current quality of service (QoS) flow to data radio bearer (DRB) mapping rules applied to the terminal device 110, the system information block 1 (SIB1) from the first network device 120, the capabilities of the terminal device 110 for different RATs, protocol data unit (PDU) session related information, and may include the reported measurement information of the terminal device 110 including beam-related information if available. The PDU session related information may include the slice information and QoS flow level QoS profile (s) . The first network device 120 may also request a dual active protocol stack (DAPS) handover for one or more DRBs.The second network device 130 may perform (435) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (435) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (440) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the first network device 120. The Handover Request Acknowledge may include a transparent container to be transmitted to the terminal device 110 as an RRC message to perform the handover. The second network device 130 may also indicate if a DAPS handover is accepted.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. The second network device 130 may include the new QoE configuration in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Request Acknowledge. As used herein, the new QoE configuration may also be referred to as a “new configuration of QoE measurement” or “second configuration of QoE measurement” or “the second configuration” .The first network device 120 may transmit (425) the QoE measurement release configuration to the terminal device 110. For example, the first network device 120 may transmit (425) the QoE measurement release configuration to the terminal device 110 directly once the first network device 120 select the QoE configuration. Alternatively, the release procedure may happen before the Handover Request, or before receiving a Handover Request Acknowledgement. The release procedure may be performed before MobilityFromNRCommand. The release configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerToReleaseList, which is included in AppLayerMeasConfig in the RRCReconfiguration.The first network device 120 may transmit (445) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand. For example, the first network device 120 may trigger the Uu handover by transmitting an RRCReconfiguration message to the terminal device 110, containing the information required to access the target cell. The information may include at least the target cell ID, the new C-RNTI, the security algorithm of the second network device 130 identifiers for the selected security algorithms. It may also include a set of dedicated radio access channel (RACH) resources, the association between RACH resources and SSB (s) , the association between RACH resources and UE-specific channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) configuration (s) , common RACH resources, and system information of the target cell, etc.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand. The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.As shown in the signaling flow 400, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an Xn interface. In this way, the first network device 120 such as the source gNB may release other QoE configuration (s) after the handover decision over the Xn interface.Alternatively, or in addition, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an NG interface, as shown in the signaling flow 500. The signaling flow 500 further involves an AMF 510.Similar to the signaling flow 400, in the signaling flow 500, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decision to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130 and releases other QoE configuration (s) after the handover decision.For example, the first network device 120 may transmit (515) a request for a handover such as a Handover Required message to the AMF 510. The Handover Required message includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required.In response to receiving the Handover Required message, the AMF 510 may transmit (520) the handover request to the second network device 130. The second network device 130 may receive the handover request. The handover request includes the new QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.In response to receiving the Handover Request, the second network device 130 may perform (525) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (525) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (530) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the AMF 510. The Handover Request Acknowledge may include a transparent container to be transmitted to the terminal device 110 as an RRC message to perform the handover. The second network device 130 may also indicate if a DAPS handover is accepted.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. The second network device 130 may include the new QoE configuration in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Target to Source Transparent Container in the Handover Request Acknowledge.The AMF 510 may transmit (535) a Handover Command to the first network device 120. The new QoE configuration may be included in the Handover Command. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Target to Source Transparent Container in the Handover Command.The first network device 120 may transmit (425) the QoE measurement release configuration to the terminal device 110. For example, the first network device 120 may transmit (425) the QoE measurement release configuration to the terminal device 110 directly once the first network device 120 select the QoE configuration. Alternatively, the release procedure may happen before the Handover Request, or before receiving a Handover Request Acknowledgement. The release procedure may be performed before MobilityFromNRCommand. The release configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerToReleaseList, which is included in AppLayerMeasConfig in the RRCReconfiguration.The first network device 120 may transmit (540) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand. The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.In this way, the first network device 120 such as the source gNB may release other QoE configuration (s) after the handover decision over the NG interface. The QoE measurement can be performed based on the new QoE configuration of the second network device 130 after the handover.In some embodiments, the QoE measurement continuity for mobility may be performed as shown in Table 6, which may be included in the TS 38.300.Table 6Several embodiments of the first network device 120 releasing other QoE configuration (s) have been described. In some embodiments, the QoE configuration (s) may be released by the terminal device 110, which will be described with respect to FIGs. 6 to 11.Referring to FIG. 6, in operation, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decision to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit (610) a handover request to the second network device 130. The handover request includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.The second network device 130 may perform (615) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (615) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (620) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the first network device 120. The Handover Request Acknowledge may include a transparent container to be transmitted to the terminal device 110 as an RRC message to perform the handover. The second network device 130 may also indicate if a DAPS handover is accepted.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. The second network device 130 may include the new QoE configuration in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Request Acknowledge.The first network device 120 may receive the Handover Request Acknowledge. The first network device 120 may transmit (625) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand. The terminal device may release (630) old QoE configuration and apply the new QoE configuration. In this way, the terminal device 110 can release the unselected QoE configuration.In an option, if the terminal device 110 detects the measConfigAppLayer-r15 in MobilityFromNRCommand IE and there is ongoing QoE measurements, the terminal device 110 may release these QoE measurements. Then, the terminal device 110 applies the new QoE configurations in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 included in measConfigAppLayer-r15.In another option, if the terminal device 110 detects MobilityFromNRCommand IE and there is ongoing QoE measurements, the terminal device 110 may release these QoE measurements. Then, the terminal device 110 applies the new QoE configurations in the measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 included in measConfigAppLayer-r15.In a further option, the QoE release and configuration may be applied after the RAN handover complete or once it detects the MobilityFromNRCommand IE. It is to be noted that the terminal device 110 may apply new QoE configuration once MobilityFromNRCommand but not after handover complete.The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.As shown in the signaling flow 600, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an Xn interface. Alternatively, or in addition, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an NG interface, as shown in the signaling flow 700. The signaling flow 700 further involves an AMF 710.Similar to the signaling flow 600, in the signaling flow 700, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decision to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit (715) a request for a handover such as a Handover Required message to the AMF 710. The Handover Required message includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required.In response to receiving the Handover Required message, the AMF 710 may transmit (720) the handover request to the second network device 130. The second network device 130 may receive the handover request. The handover request includes the new QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.The second network device 130 may receive the Handover Request. The second network device 130 may perform (725) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (725) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (730) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the AMF 710. The Handover Request Acknowledge may include a transparent container to be transmitted to the terminal device 110 as an RRC message to perform the handover. The second network device 130 may also indicate if a DAPS handover is accepted.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. The second network device 130 may include the new QoE configuration in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Request Acknowledge.The AMF 710 may transmit (735) a Handover Command to the first network device 120. The new QoE configuration may be included in the Handover Command. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Command.The first network device 120 may receive the Handover Command. The first network device 120 may transmit (740) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand. The terminal device may release (745) old QoE configuration and apply the new QoE configuration. In this way, the terminal device 110 can release the unselected QoE configuration.In an option, if the terminal device 110 detects the measConfigAppLayer-r15 in MobilityFromNRCommand IE and there is ongoing QoE measurements, the terminal device 110 may release these QoE measurements. Then, the terminal device 110 applies the new QoE configurations in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 included in measConfigAppLayer-r15.In another option, if the terminal device 110 detects MobilityFromNRCommand IE and there is ongoing QoE measurements, the terminal device 110 may release these QoE measurements. Then, the terminal device 110 applies the new QoE configurations in the measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 included in measConfigAppLayer-r15.In a further option, the QoE release and configuration may be applied after the RAN handover complete or once it detects the MobilityFromNRCommand IE. It is to be noted that the terminal device 110 may apply new QoE configuration once MobilityFromNRCommand but not after handover complete.The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.In this way, the terminal device 110 can release the QoE configuration (s) of the first network device 120 upon receiving the MobilityFromNRCOmmand from the second network device 130 or after the handover completed over the Xn interface or NG interface.In some embodiments, the reception of the MobilityFromNRCommand by the terminal device 110 such as the UE will follow option 1 in Table 7 or option 2 in Table 8 below. Table 7 and Table 8 may be included in TS 38.331. The option in Table 7 may be applied for QoE release once receiving MobilityFromNRCommand. The option in Table 8 may be applied for the QoE release once the handover is completed.Table 7Table 8The QoE measurement collection deactivation may follow Table 9 below, which may be included in TS 38.300.Table 9In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may prepare a full RRC configuration for the terminal device 110 during the handover such as the NR to LTE handover, as described with respect to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.Referring to FIG. 8, in operation, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decision to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit (810) a handover request to the second network device 130. The handover request includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.The second network device 130 may receive the Handover Request. The second network device 130 may perform (815) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (815) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (820) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the first network device 120.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may generate an RRC configuration which includes a new QoE configuration. For example, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Request Acknowledge. The second network device 130 may also set the fullconfig IE in the RRC configuration to be true.The first network device 120 may receive the Handover Request Acknowledge. The first network device 120 may transmit (825) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand, with the fullconfig IE being true.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand. If the terminal device 110 receives the MobilityFromNRCommand with fullconfig set to true, the terminal device 110 may release all the old RRC configuration configured by the first network device 120 and apply the new RRC configuration configured by the second network device 130, which includes the new QoE configuration. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15. The measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 may be included in measConfigAppLayer-r15 ->measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15, which is included in targetRAT-MessageContainer in the MobilityFromNRCommand.The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.In this way, the second network device 130 such as a target ng-eNB can prepare a full RRC configuration to the terminal device 110 during NR to LTE handover over the Xn interface.As shown in the signaling flow 800, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an Xn interface. Alternatively, or in addition, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an NG interface, as shown in the signaling flow 900. The signaling flow 900 further involves an AMF 910.Similar to the signaling flow 800, in the signaling flow 900, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decision to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit (915) a request for a handover such as a Handover Required message to the AMF 910. The Handover Required message includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required.In response to receiving the Handover Required message, the AMF 910 may transmit (920) the handover request to the second network device 130. The handover request includes the new QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.The second network device 130 may receive the Handover Request. The second network device 130 may perform (925) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (925) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (930) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the AMF 910.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may generate an RRC configuration which includes a new QoE configuration. The generated RRC configuration may be included in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. For example, the new QoE configuration may be included in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in the measConfigAppLayer-r15. The measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in Target to Source Transparent Container in the Handover Request Acknowledge. The second network device 130 may also set the fullconfig IE in the RRC configuration to be true.The AMF 910 may receive the Handover Request Acknowledge. The AMF 910 may transmit (935) a Handover Command including the new QoE configuration and with fullconfig being set to true to the first network device 120. For example, the new QoE configuration may be included in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in the measConfigAppLayer-r15. The measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in Target to Source Transparent Container in the Handover Command.The first network device 120 may receive the Handover command. The first network device 120 may transmit (940) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand, with the fullconfig IE being true.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand. If the terminal device 110 receives the MobilityFromNRCommand with fullconfig set to true, the terminal device 110 may release all the old RRC configuration configured by the first network device 120 and apply the new RRC configuration configured by the second network device 130, which includes the new QoE configuration. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15. The measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 may be included in measConfigAppLayer-r15 ->measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15, which is included in targetRAT-MessageContainer in the MobilityFromNRCommand.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. The second network device 130 may include the new QoE configuration in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Request Acknowledge.The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.In this way, the second network device 130 can prepare a full RRC configuration to the terminal device 110 during NR to LTE handover over the NG interface.An example of MobilityFromNRCommand message is shown in Table 10, which may be included in TS 38.331.Table 10In Table 10, the field “measConfigAppLayerToAddModList” may be used to release the QoE configurations during gNB to ng-ENB handover. Upon receiving the MobilityFromNRCommand, the terminal device 110 such as UE may perform following Table 11 below, which may be included in TS 38.311.Table 11The QoE measurement continuity for mobility may be configured as shown in Table 12, which may be included in TS 38.300.Table 12In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may prepare a release configuration which may be included in MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. Such embodiments will be described with respect to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11.In the signaling flow 1000, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decision to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit (1010) a handover request to the second network device 130. The handover request includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.The second network device 130 may perform (1015) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (1015) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (1020) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the first network device 120. The Handover Request Acknowledge may include a transparent container to be transmitted to the terminal device 110 as an RRC message to perform the handover. The second network device 130 may also indicate if a DAPS handover is accepted.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. The second network device 130 may include the new QoE configuration in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Request Acknowledge.The first network device 120 may receive the Handover Request Acknowledge. The first network device 120 may transmit (1025) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand. The MobilityFromNRCommand may further include a configuration of a release of unselected QoE configuration (also referred to as a release configuration) . For example, the first network device 120 may generate the release configuration of the unselected QoE configurations or a release configuration of all of the QoE configurations configured by the first network device 120. The release configuration may be included in the MobilityFromNRCommand but may be outside the RRC container generated by the second network device 130. The new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in the measConfigAppLayer-r15, which may be included in targetRAT-MessageContainer in the MobilityFromNRCommand.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand with the release configuration. The terminal device may release (1030) the unselected QoE configuration (s) and apply the new QoE configuration. For example, the terminal device 110 may apply the new RRC configuration which include the new QoE configuration. In this way, the terminal device 110 can release the unselected QoE configuration.The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.As shown in the signaling flow 1000, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an Xn interface. Alternatively, or in addition, the signaling procedure between the first network device 120 and the second network device 130 may be over an NG interface, as shown in the signaling flow 1100. The signaling flow 1100 further involves an AMF 1110.Similar to the signaling flow 1000, in the signaling flow 1100, a QoE measurement control and report is performed (410) . For example, the first network device 120 may configure the QoE measurement procedure (s) for the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 may report the QoE measurement results based on the QoE measurement configuration (s) .The first network device 120 may determine (415) a handover decision to handover the terminal device 110 to the second network device 130. For example, the first network device 120 may decide the handover based on MeasurementReport and RRM information, or any other suitable information.The first network device 120 may select (420) a QoE measurement configuration to be transferred to the second network device 130. For example, the QoE measurement configuration may be selected based on priority information and any other suitable information as described with respect to FIG. 2. That is, the first network device 120 may decide to transmit which QoE configuration to the second network device 130.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit (1115) a request for a handover such as a Handover Required message to the AMF 1110. The Handover Required message includes the selected QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Source to Target Transparent Container in the Handover Required.In response to receiving the Handover Required message, the AMF 1110 may transmit (1120) a handover request to the second network device 130. The second network device 130 may receive the handover request. The handover request includes the new QoE configuration. For example, for signaling-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be contained in measConfigAppLayerContainer which is included in RRC Context in the Handover Request. For management-based QoE measurement, the selected QoE configuration may be included in UE Application Layer Measurement Configuration Information, which is included in QMC Configuration Information in the Handover Request.The second network device 130 may receive the Handover Request. The second network device 130 may perform (1125) an admission control. For example, slice-aware admission control may be performed (1125) if the slice information is transmitted to the second network device 130. If the PDU sessions are associated with non-supported slices, the second network device 130 may reject such PDU Sessions.The second network device 130 may prepare the handover with layer one (L1) / layer two (L2) and transmit (1130) the Handover Request Acknowledge to the AMF 710. The Handover Request Acknowledge may include a transparent container to be transmitted to the terminal device 110 as an RRC message to perform the handover. The second network device 130 may also indicate if a DAPS handover is accepted.In some embodiments, the second network device 130 may determine a new QoE configuration based on the received selected QoE configuration. The second network device 130 may include the new QoE configuration in the Handover Request Acknowledge. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Request Acknowledge.The AMF 710 may transmit (1135) a Handover Command to the first network device 120. The new QoE configuration may be included in the Handover Command. For example, the new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in measConfigAppLayer-r15, and the measConfigAppLayer-r15 is included in RRC container in the Handover Command.The first network device 120 may receive the Handover Command. The first network device 120 may transmit (1140) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. The new QoE configuration is included in the MobilityFromNRCommand. The MobilityFromNRCommand may further include a configuration of a release of unselected QoE configuration (also referred to as a release configuration) . For example, the first network device 120 may generate the release configuration of the unselected QoE configurations or a release configuration of all of the QoE configurations configured by the first network device 120. The release configuration may be included in the MobilityFromNRCommand but may be outside the RRC container generated by the second network device 130. The new QoE configuration may be in measConfigAppLayerContainer-r15 in the measConfigAppLayer-r15, which may be included in targetRAT-MessageContainer in the MobilityFromNRCommand.The terminal device 110 may receive the MobilityFromNRCommand with the release configuration. The terminal device may release (1145) the unselected QoE configuration (s) and apply the new QoE configuration. For example, the terminal device 110 may apply the new RRC configuration which include the new QoE configuration. In this way, the terminal device 110 can release the unselected QoE configuration.The terminal device 110 may detach (450) from the old cell and synchronize to the new target cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may synchronize to the target cell and complete (455) the RRC handover procedure by transmitting RRCReconfigurationComplete message to second network device 130. In case of DAPS handover, the terminal device 110 does not detach from the source cell upon receiving the RRCReconfiguration message. The terminal device 110 may release the source resources and configurations and stop DL / UL reception / transmission with the source upon receiving an explicit release from the target node.In this way, the terminal device 110 can release the QoE configuration (s) of the first network device 120 upon receiving the MobilityFromNRCOmmand with the release configuration.Several embodiments regarding QoE measurement configuration during handover especially the NR to LTE handover have been described. With these embodiments, the QoE measurement during handover can be improved.In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, another solution on QoE measurement is proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device transmits, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device. A switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed. In this way, the priority assistant information can be exchanged during handover.FIG. 12 illustrates a signaling flow 1200 for priority information transmission between network devices in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 1200 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110, the first network device 120 and the third network device 140.In the following description, it is assumed that the first network device 120 may operate as an NR network node, and the third network device 140 may operate as another NR network node. It is to be understood that in some embodiments, the first network device 120 or the third network device 140 may be a different network device or network node.In the signaling flow 1200, it is assumed that the terminal device 110 is currently served in the cell 122 of the first network device 120. The first network device 120 may be referred to as a source network device. It is also assumed that the cell 142 of the third network device 140 is the cell for handover. The third network device 140 may be referred to as the target network device.In operation, the first network device 120 transmits (1210) , to the third network device 140, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of QoE associated with a terminal device such as the terminal device 110. A switching from a first connection between the terminal device 110 and the first network device 120 to a second connection between the terminal device 110 and the third network device 140 is to be performed. The third network device 140 receives (1220) the priority information.In some embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit, to the third network device 140, a request for the switching. The priority information may be included in the request. The request for the switching may also be referred to as a handover request.In some embodiments, the priority information may be transmitted (1210) to the third network device 140 via Xn interface or NG interface. For example, the priority information may be transmitted (1210) to the third network device 140 via an AMF.FIG. 13 illustrates a signaling flow 1300 for QoE measurement in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 1300 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110, the first network device 120 and the third network device 140.In the following description, it is assumed that the first network device 120 may operate as an NR network node, and the third network device 140 may operate as another NR network node. It is to be understood that in some embodiments, the first network device 120 or the third network device 140 may be a different network device or network node.In the signaling flow 1300, it is assumed that the terminal device 110 is currently served in the cell 122 of the first network device 120. The first network device 120 may be referred to as a source network device. It is also assumed that the cell 142 of the third network device 140 is the cell for handover. The third network device 140 may be referred to as the target network device.In operation, a measurement control and report may be performed (1310) . The first network device 120 may determine (1315) a handover decision. The handover may be from the first network device 120 to the third network device 140. The first network device 120 may transmit (1320) a Handover Request to the third network device 140. Priority information of the QoE configuration (s) may be included in the Handover Request.The third network device 140 may receive the Handover Request. The third network device 140 may perform (1325) an admission control. The third network device 140 may transmit (1330) a Handover Request Acknowledge to the first network device 120. The first network device 120 may receive the Handover Request Acknowledge.In response to receiving the Handover Request Acknowledge, the first network device 120 may transmit (1335) a MobilityFromNRCommand to the terminal device 110. In response to receiving the MobilityFromNRCommand, the terminal device 110 may detach (1340) from the old cell of the first network device 120 to the new cell of the third network device 140. The RAN handover may be completed (135) .The third network device 140 may use (1350) the priority information of the QoE configuration from the first network device 120. It is to be understood that although in FIG. 13, the signaling may be over an Xn interface, in some embodiments, the signaling may also be over an NG interface. In this way, the priority information can be exchanged during handover.In some embodiments, the QoE measurement continuity for mobility may be shown in Table 13 below, which may be included in TS 38.300.Table 13It would be appreciated that some example specifications and embodiments are provided above, and the detailed description may be varied.Example embodiments for QoE measurement configuration during handover have been described with reference to the signaling flows 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 and 1300. In some embodiments, embodiments described with reference to two or more of the above signaling flows 200 to 1300 may be combined. By using these signaling flows, the QoE measurement during handover especially the intra system inter-RAT handover can be improved.FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1400 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1400 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.At block 1410, the terminal device 110 receives, from a first network device, configuration information of switching a connection from the first network device to a second network device, the configuration information comprising a second configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the second network device, the second configuration being different from a first configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the first network device.At block 1420, the terminal device 110 performs a quality of experience measurement based on the second configuration after the switching.In some example embodiments, in response to receiving the configuration information, the terminal device 110 may perform a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may perform a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device after the switching.In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the first network device, a first indication of a release of the first configuration of quality of experience measurement.In some example embodiments, the first indication is received before at least one of: the switching, or a reception of the configuration information.In some example embodiments, the configuration information comprises a first radio resource control configuration and a second indication, the second indication indicating a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the second configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration. The terminal device 110 may apply the first radio resource control configuration; and perform the release of the second radio resource control configuration.In some example embodiments, the second configuration is determined by the second network device based on the first configuration, the configuration information comprises a third indication of a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device. In response to receiving the configuration information, the terminal device 110 may perform the release of the third configuration of quality of experience measurement.In some example embodiments, the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1500 implemented at a first network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1500 will be described from the perspective of the first network device 120 in FIG. 1.At block 1510, the first network device 120 transmit, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement.At block 1520, the first network device 120 receives, from the second network device, a response to the request, the response including a second configuration of quality of experience measurement, the second configuration being associated with the first configuration.At block 1530, the first network device 120 transmits, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration.In some example embodiments, the request is transmitted to the second network device via an access and mobility management function, and the response is received from the second network device via the access and mobility management function.In some example embodiments, the first network device 120 may perform a release of the first configuration; and transmit, to the terminal device, a first indication of the release.In some example embodiments, the first indication is transmitted before at least one of: the switching, a transmission of the request to the second network device, or a transmission of the configuration information to the terminal device.In some example embodiments, the response includes a first radio resource control configuration and a second indication indicating a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the first configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration, and the configuration information comprises the first radio resource control configuration and the second indication.In some example embodiments, the configuration information comprises a third indication of a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.In some example embodiments, the first network device 120 may determine the first configuration of quality of experience measurement from a plurality of configurations of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.In some example embodiments, the first network device 120 may select the first configuration from the plurality of configurations based on at least one of: priority information of the plurality of configurations, respective service types of the plurality of configurations, a plurality of time points at which the plurality of configurations is configured, or respective sizes of the plurality of configurations.In some example embodiments, the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1600 implemented at a second network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1600 will be described from the perspective of the second network device 130 in FIG. 1.At block 1610, the second network device 130 receives, from a first network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement.At block 1620, the second network device 130 determines a second configuration of quality of experience measurement based on the first configuration.At block 1630, the second network device 130 transmits, to the first network device, a response to the request, the response including the second configuration of quality of experience measurement.In some example embodiments, the request is received from the first network device via an access and mobility management function, and the response is transmitted to the first network device via the access and mobility management function.In some example embodiments, the response comprises a first radio resource control configuration and an indication of a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the first configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration.In some example embodiments, the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1700 implemented at a first network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1700 will be described from the perspective of the first network device 120 in FIG. 1.At block 1710, the first network device 120 transmits, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device. A switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In some example embodiments, the first network device 120 may transmit, to the third network device, a request for the switching, the request including the priority information.In some example embodiments, the priority information is transmitted to the third network device via an access and mobility management function.FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1800 implemented at a third network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1800 will be described from the perspective of the third network device 140 in FIG. 1.At block 1810, the third network device 140 receives, from a first network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device. A switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In some example embodiments, the third network device 140 may receive, from the first network device, a request for the switching, the request including the priority information; and apply the priority information after the switching.In some example embodiments, the priority information is received from the first network device via an access and mobility management function.FIG. 19 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1900 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1900 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 1900 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110, the first network device 120, the second network device 130 or the third network device 140.As shown, the device 1900 includes a processor 1910, a memory 1920 coupled to the processor 1910, a suitable transceiver 1940 coupled to the processor 1910, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1940. The memory 1920 stores at least a part of a program 1930. The transceiver 1940 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1940 may include at least one of a transmitter 1942 and a receiver 1944. The transmitter 1942 and the receiver 1944 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 1940 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.The program 1930 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1910, enable the device 1900 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1910 of the device 1900, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1910 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1910 and memory 1920 may form processing means 1950 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.The memory 1920 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1920 is shown in the device 1900, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 1900. The processor 1910 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1900 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a first network device, configuration information of switching a connection from the first network device to a second network device, the configuration information comprising a second configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the second network device, the second configuration being different from a first configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the first network device; and perform a quality of experience measurement based on the second configuration after the switching. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; receive, from the second network device, a response to the request, the response including a second configuration of quality of experience measurement, the second configuration being associated with the first configuration; and transmit, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the first network device as discussed above.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a first network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; determine a second configuration of quality of experience measurement based on the first configuration; and transmit, to the first network device, a response to the request, the response including the second configuration of quality of experience measurement. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the second network device as discussed above.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the first network device as discussed above.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a third network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a first network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the third network device as discussed above.The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first network device, configuration information of switching a connection from the first network device to a second network device, the configuration information comprising a second configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the second network device, the second configuration being different from a first configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the first network device; and means for performing a quality of experience measurement based on the second configuration after the switching. In some embodiments, the first apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1400. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network apparatus is provided. The first network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; means for receiving, from the second network device, a response to the request, the response including a second configuration of quality of experience measurement, the second configuration being associated with the first configuration; and means for transmitting, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration. In some embodiments, the second apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1500. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network apparatus is provided. The second network apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; means for determining a second configuration of quality of experience measurement based on the first configuration; and means for transmitting, to the first network device, a response to the request, the response including the second configuration of quality of experience measurement. In some embodiments, the third apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1600. In some example embodiments, the third apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network apparatus is provided. The first network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, means for wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed. In some embodiments, the fourth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1700. In some example embodiments, the fourth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a third network apparatus is provided. The third network apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, means for wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed. In some embodiments, the fifth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1800. In some example embodiments, the fifth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a first network device, configuration information of switching a connection from the first network device to a second network device, the configuration information comprising a second configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the second network device, the second configuration being different from a first configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the first network device; and perform a quality of experience measurement based on the second configuration after the switching.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in response to receiving the configuration information, perform a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: perform a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device after the switching.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from the first network device, a first indication of a release of the first configuration of quality of experience measurement.In some embodiments, the first indication is received before at least one of: the switching, or a reception of the configuration information.In some embodiments, the configuration information comprises a first radio resource control configuration and a second indication, the second indication indicating a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the second configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: apply the first radio resource control configuration; and perform the release of the second radio resource control configuration.In some embodiments, the second configuration is determined by the second network device based on the first configuration, the configuration information comprises a third indication of a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in response to receiving the configuration information, perform the release of the third configuration of quality of experience measurement.In some embodiments, the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.In an aspect, it is proposed a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; receive, from the second network device, a response to the request, the response including a second configuration of quality of experience measurement, the second configuration being associated with the first configuration; and transmit, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration.In some embodiments, the request is transmitted to the second network device via an access and mobility management function, and the response is received from the second network device via the access and mobility management function.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first network device to: perform a release of the first configuration; and transmit, to the terminal device, a first indication of the release.In some embodiments, the first indication is transmitted before at least one of: the switching, a transmission of the request to the second network device, or a transmission of the configuration information to the terminal device.In some embodiments, the response includes a first radio resource control configuration and a second indication indicating a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the first configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration, and the configuration information comprises the first radio resource control configuration and the second indication.In some embodiments, the configuration information comprises a third indication of a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first network device to: determine the first configuration of quality of experience measurement from a plurality of configurations of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first network device to: select the first configuration from the plurality of configurations based on at least one of: priority information of the plurality of configurations, respective service types of the plurality of configurations, a plurality of time points at which the plurality of configurations is configured, or respective sizes of the plurality of configurations.In some embodiments, the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.In an aspect, it is proposed a second network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the second network device to: receive, from a first network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement; determine a second configuration of quality of experience measurement based on the first configuration; and transmit, to the first network device, a response to the request, the response including the second configuration of quality of experience measurement.In some embodiments, the request is received from the first network device via an access and mobility management function, and the response is transmitted to the first network device via the access and mobility management function.In some embodiments, the response comprises a first radio resource control configuration and an indication of a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the first configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration.In some embodiments, the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.In an aspect, it is proposed a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to the third network device, a request for the switching, the request including the priority information.In some embodiments, the priority information is transmitted to the third network device via an access and mobility management function.In an aspect, it is proposed a third network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the third network device to: receive, from a first network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device, wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the third network device to: receive, from the first network device, a request for the switching, the request including the priority information; and apply the priority information after the switching.In some embodiments, the priority information is received from the first network device via an access and mobility management function.In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.In an aspect, a first network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.In an aspect, a second network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.In an aspect, a third network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the third network device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the third network device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the third network device discussed above.Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 19. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a first network device, configuration information of switching a connection from the first network device to a second network device, the configuration information comprising a second configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the second network device, the second configuration being different from a first configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with the first network device; andperform a quality of experience measurement based on the second configuration after the switching.2.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:in response to receiving the configuration information, perform a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.3.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:perform a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device after the switching.4.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from the first network device, a first indication of a release of the first configuration of quality of experience measurement.5.The terminal device of claim 4, wherein the first indication is received before at least one of: the switching, or a reception of the configuration information.6.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the configuration information comprises a first radio resource control configuration and a second indication, the second indication indicating a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the second configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration, andthe processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:apply the first radio resource control configuration; andperform the release of the second radio resource control configuration.7.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the second configuration is determined by the second network device based on the first configuration,the configuration information comprises a third indication of a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device, andthe processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in response to receiving the configuration information, perform the release of the third configuration of quality of experience measurement.8.The terminal device of any of claims 1-7, wherein the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.9.A first network device comprising:a processor configured to cause the first network device to:transmit, to a second network device, a request for a switching from a first connection between a terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the second network device, the request including a first configuration of quality of experience measurement;receive, from the second network device, a response to the request, the response including a second configuration of quality of experience measurement, the second configuration being associated with the first configuration; andtransmit, to the terminal device, configuration information of the switching, the configuration information comprising the second configuration.10.The first network device of claim 9, wherein the request is transmitted to the second network device via an access and mobility management function, and the response is received from the second network device via the access and mobility management function.11.The first network device of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first network device to:perform a release of the first configuration; andtransmit, to the terminal device, a first indication of the release.12.The first network device of claim 11, wherein the first indication is transmitted before at least one of:the switching,a transmission of the request to the second network device, ora transmission of the configuration information to the terminal device.13.The first network device of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the response includes a first radio resource control configuration and a second indication indicating a release of a second radio resource control configuration configured by the first network device, the first configuration being included in the first radio resource control configuration, andthe configuration information comprises the first radio resource control configuration and the second indication.14.The first network device of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the configuration information comprises a third indication of a release of a third configuration of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.15.The first network device of any of claims 9-14, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first network device to:determine the first configuration of quality of experience measurement from a plurality of configurations of quality of experience measurement configured by the first network device.16.The first network device of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first network device to:select the first configuration from the plurality of configurations based on at least one of:priority information of the plurality of configurations,respective service types of the plurality of configurations,a plurality of time points at which the plurality of configurations is configured, orrespective sizes of the plurality of configurations.17.The first network device of any of claims 9-16, wherein the first network device comprises a new radio network node, and the second network device comprises an evolved network node.18.A communication method implemented at a first network device, comprising:transmitting, to a third network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device,wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.19.A communication method implemented at a third network device, comprising:receiving, from a first network device, priority information of at least one configuration of quality of experience measurement associated with a terminal device,wherein a switching from a first connection between the terminal device and the first network device to a second connection between the terminal device and the third network device is to be performed.20.A computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method according to any of claims 18-19.