Cylinder cover, engine and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle (1000) is provided. The vehicle (1000) includes an engine (100). The engine (100) includes a cylinder head (1). The cylinder head (1) includes a water jacket (20). The water jacket (20) includes a lower cooling water jacket (21) and an upper cooling water jacket (23). The lower cooling water jacket (21) is in communication with the upper cooling water jacket (23). The lower cooling water jacket (21) is provided with a liquid inlet (210). The upper cooling water jacket (23) is provided with a liquid outlet (230).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202322944178.9, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on October 31, 2023 and entitled "CYLINDER HEAD, ENGINE, AND VEHICLE", which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] This application relates to the field of vehicle technologies, and in particular, to a cylinder head, an engine, and a vehicle.BACKGROUND

[0003] In related art, a cylinder head water jacket of an engine is divided into a main water jacket and a side water jacket, the main water jacket is further divided into an upper water cavity and a lower water chamber by a partition plate, and the side water jacket is wrapped around an exhaust passage. After entering the main water jacket from a liquid inlet, a coolant is divided into two parts: one part enters the upper water cavity from the lower water cavity, and then is discharged from a liquid outlet of the upper water cavity. The other part enters the side water jacket from a front end of the main water jacket, and then is discharged from the liquid outlet of the upper water cavity of the main water jacket. However, the cylinder head water jacket has a complex structure, resulting in a poor cooling effect of the coolant. Moreover, the side water jacket has a limited cooling effect on the exhaust passage, which is not conducive to quickly warming up the engine.SUMMARY

[0004] This application is intended to solve at least one of technical problems existing in a related technology. To this end, this application proposes a cylinder head which has a more reasonable and effective cooling path and can improve the cooling effect on a combustion chamber, a spark plug, an exhaust passage, and the like.

[0005] This application further proposes an engine.

[0006] This application also further proposes a vehicle.

[0007] A cylinder head according to this application includes: a water jacket, wherein the water jacket includes: a lower cooling water jacket and an upper cooling water jacket, the lower cooling water jacket being in communication with the upper cooling water jacket, the lower cooling water jacket being provided with a liquid inlet, and the upper cooling water jacket being provided with a liquid outlet.

[0008] According to the cylinder head of this application, after entering the water jacket, a coolant first completely enters the lower cooling water jacket, so that the coolant can first cool a combustion chamber, a spark plug, an exhaust passage, and the like in a region surrounding the lower cooling water jacket, and then flow out through the upper cooling water jacket. A cooling path of the coolant is more reasonable and effective, and heat from the combustion chamber, the spark plug, the exhaust passage, and the like can be better taken away, so that cooling effect on the combustion chamber, the spark plug, the exhaust passage, and the like can be improved.

[0009] In some examples of this application, the water jacket further includes: an intermediate cooling water jacket, wherein the intermediate cooling water jacket is connected between the lower cooling water jacket and the upper cooling water jacket, so that the coolant in the lower cooling water jacket enters the upper cooling water jacket through the intermediate cooling water jacket.

[0010] In some examples of this application, the cylinder head further includes: an exhaust passage, wherein the intermediate cooling water jacket is provided at the exhaust passage, the lower cooling water jacket is provided on one side of the exhaust passage, and the upper cooling water jacket is provided on a side of the exhaust passage that is away from the lower cooling water jacket.

[0011] In some examples of this application, the exhaust passage includes: an upper exhaust passage and a lower exhaust passage, wherein the intermediate cooling water jacket is provided between the upper exhaust passage and the lower exhaust passage, the upper cooling water jacket is provided on a side of the upper exhaust passage that is away from the intermediate cooling water jacket, and the lower cooling water jacket is provided on a side of the lower exhaust passage that is away from the intermediate cooling water jacket.

[0012] In some examples of this application, in a direction from a front end to a rear end of the engine, the exhaust passage is located at a middle position of a side of the upper cooling water jacket that is close to the lower cooling water jacket, and the liquid outlet is provided away from the exhaust passage.

[0013] In some examples of this application, the lower cooling water jacket is provided with a first lower liquid outlet, a second lower liquid outlet, and a third lower liquid outlet, and the first lower liquid outlet, the second lower liquid outlet, and the third lower liquid outlet are spaced apart; the intermediate cooling water jacket is provided with an intermediate liquid inlet and an intermediate liquid outlet, the intermediate liquid inlet is in communication with the intermediate liquid outlet, the intermediate liquid inlet is in communication with the first lower liquid outlet, and the intermediate liquid outlet is in communication with the second lower liquid outlet; the upper cooling water jacket is provided with a first upper liquid inlet, a second upper liquid inlet, and a third upper liquid inlet, and the first upper liquid inlet, the second upper liquid inlet, and the third upper liquid inlet are spaced apart; and the first upper liquid inlet is in communication with the intermediate liquid inlet, the second upper liquid inlet is in communication with the intermediate liquid outlet, and the third upper liquid inlet is in communication with the third lower liquid outlet.

[0014] In some examples of this application, the cylinder head further includes: a first sealing member, wherein the upper cooling water jacket is further provided with an upper water jacket sand-removal hole, and sand-removal openings are formed on outer sides of joints of the first upper liquid inlet, the intermediate liquid inlet, and the first lower liquid outlet, outer sides of joints of the second upper liquid inlet, the intermediate liquid outlet, and the second lower liquid outlet, and outer sides of joints of the third upper liquid inlet and the third lower liquid outlet; and the first sealing member is configured to seal at the upper water jacket sand-removal hole and the sand-removal openings.

[0015] In some examples of this application, in the direction from the front end to the rear end of the engine, the third upper liquid inlet, the second upper liquid inlet, and the first upper liquid inlet are provided in sequence and spaced apart; compared with the first upper liquid inlet, the liquid outlet is provided away from the third upper liquid inlet; and a flow area of the first upper liquid inlet is s1, a flow area of the second upper liquid inlet is s2, a flow area of the third upper liquid inlet is s3, and a relationship among s1, s2, and s3 is: s1 < s2 < s3.

[0016] In some examples of this application, a value range of s1 is: 25 mm 2< ≤ s1 ≤ 40 mm 2< , a value range of s2 is: 200 mm 2< ≤ s2 ≤ 220 mm 2< , and a value range of s3 is: 300 mm 2< ≤ s3 ≤ 330 mm 2< .

[0017] In some examples of this application, the liquid inlet includes: a first liquid inlet, a second liquid inlet, a third liquid inlet, and a fourth liquid inlet, wherein in the direction from the front end to the rear end of the engine, the first liquid inlet, the second liquid inlet, the third liquid inlet, and the fourth liquid inlet are arranged in sequence, a flow area of the first liquid inlet is S1, a flow area of the second liquid inlet is S2, a flow area of the third liquid inlet is S3, a flow area of the fourth liquid inlet is S4, and a relationship among S1, S2, S3, and S4 is: S1 < S4 < S3 ≤ S2.

[0018] In some examples of this application, a value range of S1 is: 40 mm 2< ≤ S1 ≤ 50 mm 2< , a value range of S2 is: 120 mm 2< ≤ S2 ≤ 160 mm 2< , a value range of S3 is: 120 mm 2< ≤ S3 ≤ 140 mm 2< , and a value range of S4 is: 80 mm 2< ≤ S4 ≤ 100 mm 2< .

[0019] In some examples of this application, the cylinder head further includes: a support member and a second sealing member, wherein the support member is provided on a side of the lower cooling water jacket that is away from the upper cooling water jacket, and the support member is supported on an end of the upper cooling water jacket that is close to the lower cooling water jacket; and the second sealing member is configured to seal at the support member.

[0020] In some examples of this application, a degassing hole is formed at the top of the upper cooling water jacket.

[0021] In some examples of this application, the lower cooling water jacket is further provided with a cylinder block liquid outlet, and the cylinder block liquid outlet is in communication with the liquid outlet.

[0022] An engine according to this application includes: the foregoing cylinder head.

[0023] A vehicle according to this application includes: the foregoing engine.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this application are set forth in part in the following description, and in part become apparent from the following description, or may be learned through the practice of this application.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The foregoing and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the following accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagram of a structure of a cylinder head at a first angle according to an embodiment of this application; FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a water jacket; FIG. 3 is a diagram of a partial structure of a water jacket; FIG. 4 is a diagram of a structure of an upper cooling water jacket; FIG. 5 is a diagram of a structure of a lower cooling water jacket; FIG. 6 is a diagram of a structure of a cylinder head at a second angle according to an embodiment of this application; FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an engine according to an embodiment of this application; and FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Reference numerals: vehicle 1000, engine 100, cylinder head 1, exhaust passage 10, upper exhaust passage 11, lower exhaust passage 12, water jacket 20, lower cooling water jacket 21, liquid inlet 210, first lower liquid outlet 211, second lower liquid outlet 212, third lower liquid outlet 213, first liquid inlet 214, second liquid inlet 215, third liquid inlet 216, fourth liquid inlet 217, cylinder block liquid outlet 218, intermediate cooling water jacket 22, intermediate liquid inlet 220, intermediate liquid outlet 221, upper cooling water jacket 23, liquid outlet 230, first upper liquid inlet 231, second upper liquid inlet 232, third upper liquid inlet 233, upper water jacket sand-removal hole 234, degassing hole 235, first sealing member 30, support member 40, second sealing member 50.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary.

[0028] The following describes a cylinder head 1 according to an embodiment of this application with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6. A combustion chamber valve bridge, a combustion chamber, and the like are provided in the cylinder head 1. In addition, a spark plug is also installed in the cylinder head 1.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the cylinder head 1 according to the embodiment of this application includes an exhaust passage 10 and a water jacket 20. The exhaust passage 10 is a passage for exhausting gas in the cylinder head 1, and the water jacket 20 is a hollow structure formed in the cylinder head 1. The water jacket 20 may also be referred to as a cooling water passage or a cooling flow passage. A coolant may circulate in the water jacket 20, to transfer heat from inner walls of the engine combustion chamber and an inner wall of a cylinder block to the coolant through heat conduction. Because the liquid is flowable and circulated to a radiator through a water pump, the radiator dissipates heat from the coolant through flow of the outside air, and then the cooled coolant is circulated to the water jacket 20, to continuously receive heat generated during engine operation, and so on.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 6, the water jacket 20 includes a lower cooling water jacket 21, an intermediate cooling water jacket 22, and an upper cooling water jacket 23. The upper cooling water jacket 23, the intermediate cooling water jacket 22, and the lower cooling water jacket 21 are sequentially arranged in a vertical direction. The lower cooling water jacket 21 is provided on one side of the exhaust passage 10, that is, at a lower end of the exhaust passage 10. A side of the lower cooling water jacket 21 that is away from the exhaust passage 10 is provided with a liquid inlet 210. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is provided on a side of the exhaust passage 10 that is away from the lower cooling water jacket 21, that is, at an upper end of the exhaust passage 10. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is provided with a liquid outlet 230. The intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is provided at the exhaust passage 10, and the intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is connected between the lower cooling water jacket 21 and the upper cooling water jacket 23, so that the coolant of the lower cooling water jacket 21 can enter the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the intermediate cooling water jacket 22.

[0031] The lower cooling water jacket 21, the intermediate cooling water jacket 22, and the upper cooling water jacket 23 can constitute a main body part of the water jacket 20. The lower cooling water jacket 21 is generally provided at a lower end of the cylinder head 1, and the lower end of the cylinder head 1 is mainly configured with a combustion chamber, a spark plug, and the like, so that the lower cooling water jacket 21 can cool the combustion chamber, the spark plug, and the like, avoiding excessively high temperature of the combustion chamber and the spark plug, thereby reducing thermal stress and thermal deformation of the engine and improving reliability of the engine. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is generally located at an upper end of the cylinder head 1, and the upper end of the cylinder head 1 is mainly provided with an exhaust duct. In this way, the upper cooling water jacket 23 enables the exhaust duct to exhaust more effectively, reducing the exhaust temperature.

[0032] In addition, the lower cooling water jacket 21 is provided at the lower end of the exhaust passage 10, the upper cooling water jacket 23 is provided at the upper end of the exhaust passage 10, and the intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is provided at the exhaust passage 10, so that the lower cooling water jacket 21 can cool the exhaust passage 10 at the lower end of the exhaust passage 10, the upper cooling water jacket 23 can cool the exhaust passage 10 at the upper end of the exhaust passage 10, and the intermediate cooling water jacket 22 can cool the exhaust passage 10, thereby enabling the exhaust passage 10 to exhaust gas more effectively and reducing the exhaust temperature.

[0033] Specifically, the coolant enters the water jacket 20 from the liquid inlet 210 of the lower cooling water jacket 21. In this case, the temperature of the coolant is the lowest, and the temperature of a region of the combustion chamber, the spark plug, and the like at the lower end of the cylinder head 1 is relatively high. The lower cooling water jacket 21 is mainly located at the lower end of the cylinder head 1, so that the coolant can better reduce the temperature of the region corresponding to the lower end of the cylinder head 1. The coolant completely flowing through the lower cooling water jacket 21 may be introduced into the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the intermediate cooling water jacket 22. It will be noted that the temperature of the coolant after passing through the lower cooling water jacket 21 is relatively high, but temperatures of the exhaust duct and the exhaust passage 10 are lower than that of the region of the combustion chamber, the spark plug, and the like. The intermediate cooling water jacket 22 cools the exhaust passage 10, the upper cooling water jacket 23 cools the exhaust duct and the exhaust passage 10, and a range of the exhaust duct and the exhaust passage 10 covered by the upper cooling water jacket 23 is relatively large, so that cooling effect of the coolant of the upper cooling water jacket 23 on the exhaust duct and the exhaust passage 10 can be improved. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is provided with a liquid outlet 230, and the coolant can flow out of the cylinder head 1 through the liquid outlet 230 after flowing through the upper cooling water jacket 23.

[0034] Therefore, after entering the water jacket 20, the coolant first completely enters the lower cooling water jacket 21, and then enters the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the intermediate cooling water jacket 22, so that the coolant can better cool the combustion chamber, the spark plug, and the like at the lower end of the cylinder head 1, and a cooling path of the coolant is more reasonable and effective. Moreover, an intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is provided, and the intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is provided at the exhaust passage 10. This can improve cooling effect on the exhaust passage 10, thereby enabling the exhaust passage 10 to exhaust gas more effectively and reducing the exhaust temperature.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the exhaust passage 10 includes an upper exhaust passage 11 and a lower exhaust passage 12. The intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is provided between the upper exhaust passage 11 and the lower exhaust passage 12. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is provided on a side of the upper exhaust passage 11 that is away from the intermediate cooling water jacket 22, that is, at an upper end of the upper exhaust passage 11. The lower cooling water jacket 21 is provided on a side of the lower exhaust passage 12 that is away from the intermediate cooling water jacket 22, that is, at a lower end of the lower exhaust passage 12. Both the upper exhaust passage 11 and the lower exhaust passage 12 can play a role in exhausting gas. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is provided at the upper end of the upper exhaust passage 11, and the lower cooling water jacket 21 is arranged at the lower end of the lower exhaust passage 12, so that the upper cooling water jacket 23 can cool the upper end of the upper exhaust passage 11, and the lower cooling water jacket 21 can cool the lower end of the lower exhaust passage 12. Moreover, the intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is provided between the upper exhaust passage 11 and the lower exhaust passage 12, so that the intermediate cooling water jacket 22 can cool the lower end of the upper exhaust passage 11 and cool the upper end of the lower exhaust passage 12. In this way, cooling effect on the exhaust passage 10 can be improved, thereby enabling the exhaust passage 10 to exhaust gas more effectively and reducing the exhaust temperature.

[0036] In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, in a direction from a front end to a rear end of the engine, the exhaust passage 10 is located at a middle position of a side of the upper cooling water jacket 23 that is close to the lower cooling water jacket 21, that is at a middle part of a lower end of the upper cooling water jacket 23, and the liquid outlet 230 is provided away from the exhaust passage 10. It will be noted that the temperature of the exhaust passage 10 is very high. A thermostat seat that is a plastic product and has a poor temperature resistance is provided at the liquid outlet 230, and the exhaust passage 10 is located at the middle part of the lower end of the upper cooling water jacket 23, which facilitates arrangement of the exhaust passage 10. Moreover, the liquid outlet 230 is provided away from the exhaust passage 10, which can prevent the thermostat seat from being affected by high-temperature exhaust gas from the exhaust passage 10, thereby protecting the thermostat seat from being damage.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5, the lower cooling water jacket 21 is provided with a first lower liquid outlet 211, a second lower liquid outlet 212, and a third lower liquid outlet 213. The first lower liquid outlet 211, the second lower liquid outlet 212, and the third lower liquid outlet 213 are spaced apart. The intermediate cooling water jacket 22 is provided with an intermediate liquid inlet 220 and an intermediate liquid outlet 221. The intermediate liquid inlet 220 is in communication with the intermediate liquid outlet 221, and the intermediate liquid inlet 220 is in communication with the first lower liquid outlet 211. The intermediate liquid outlet 221 is in communication with the second lower liquid outlet 212. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is provided with a first upper liquid inlet 231, a second upper liquid inlet 232, and a third upper liquid inlet 233. The first upper liquid inlet 231, the second upper liquid inlet 232, and the third upper liquid inlet 233 are spaced apart. The first upper liquid inlet 231 is in communication with the intermediate liquid inlet 220. The second upper liquid inlet 232 is in communication with the intermediate liquid outlet 221. The third upper liquid inlet 233 is in communication with the third lower liquid outlet 213.

[0038] That is, the first upper liquid inlet 231, the intermediate liquid inlet 220, and the first lower liquid outlet 211 may communicate to form a passage. The coolant in the lower cooling water jacket 21 is first introduced into the intermediate liquid inlet 220 through the first lower liquid outlet 211. A part of the coolant enters the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the first upper liquid inlet 231, and a part of the coolant enters the intermediate liquid outlet 221. The second upper liquid inlet 232, the intermediate liquid outlet 221, and the second lower liquid outlet 212 may communicate to form a passage. The coolant in the lower cooling water jacket 21 is first introduced into the intermediate liquid outlet 221 through the second lower liquid outlet 212. The coolant from the intermediate liquid outlet 221 further enters the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the second upper liquid inlet 232. Joints of the third upper liquid inlet 233 and the third lower liquid outlet 213 may communicate to form a passage, and the passage does not need to pass through the intermediate cooling water jacket 22. The coolant in the lower cooling water jacket 21 is directly introduced into the third upper liquid inlet 233 through the third lower liquid outlet 213, and then enters the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the third upper liquid inlet 233. In this way, the coolant in the lower cooling water jacket 21 can be introduced into different positions of the upper cooling water jacket 23, so that a region corresponding to the upper cooling water jacket 23 can be cooled more effectively.

[0039] Certainly, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the cylinder head 1 further includes: a first sealing member 30. The upper cooling water jacket 23 is further provided with an upper water jacket sand-removal hole 234. Further, sand-removal openings are formed on outer sides of joints of the first upper liquid inlet 231, the intermediate liquid inlet 220, and the first lower liquid outlet 211, outer sides of joints of the second upper liquid inlet 232, the intermediate liquid outlet 221, and the second lower liquid outlet 212, and outer sides of joints of the third upper liquid inlet 233 and the third lower liquid outlet 213. The first sealing member 30 is configured to seal at the upper water jacket sand-removal hole 234 and the sand-removal opening.

[0040] It will be noted that the upper cooling water jacket 23 is further provided with the upper water jacket sand-removal hole 234, which facilitates sand-removal during casting of the cylinder head 1. The sand-removal openings are formed on the outer sides of the joints of the first upper liquid inlet 231, the intermediate liquid inlet 220, and the first lower liquid outlet 211, the outer sides of the joints of the second upper liquid inlet 232, the intermediate liquid outlet 221, and the second lower liquid outlet 212, and the outer sides of the joints of the third upper liquid inlet 233 and the third lower liquid outlet 213. Similarly, the sand-removal openings can facilitate removal of sand after the cylinder head 1 is casted, so that an inner cavity of the water jacket 20 can be formed. Because the joints of the first upper liquid inlet 231, the intermediate liquid inlet 220, and the first lower liquid outlet 211, the joints of the second upper liquid inlet 232, the intermediate liquid outlet 221, and the second lower liquid outlet 212, and the joints of the third upper liquid inlet 233 and the third lower liquid outlet 213 need to be in communication to facilitate flow of the coolant, the first sealing member 30 can be provided at the upper water jacket sand-removal hole 234 and the sand-removal openings, and the first sealing member 30 can play a role in sealing. This can prevent the coolant in the upper cooling water jacket 23 from leaking out through the sand-removal hole and the sand-removal openings, thereby affecting cooling effect of the upper cooling water jacket 23. Certainly, the lower cooling water jacket 21 is also provided with a lower water jacket sand-removal hole, and the lower water jacket sand-removal hole is connected to other structures to play a role in sealing.

[0041] According to an optional embodiment of this application, as shown in FIG. 5, in the direction from the front end to the rear end of the engine, the third upper liquid inlet 233, the second upper liquid inlet 232, and the first upper liquid inlet 231 are provided in sequence and spaced apart, and compared with the first upper liquid inlet 231, the liquid outlet 230 is provided away from the third upper liquid inlet 233. A flow area of the first upper liquid inlet 231 is s1. A flow area of the second upper liquid inlet 232 is s2. A flow area of the third upper liquid inlet 233 is s3. A relationship among s1, s2, and s3 is: s1 < s2 < s3.

[0042] It will be understood that because in the direction from the front end to the rear end of the engine, the third upper liquid inlet 233, the second upper liquid inlet 232, and the first upper liquid inlet 231 are arranged in sequence and spaced apart, and the third upper liquid inlet 233 is far away from the liquid outlet 230, followed by the second upper liquid inlet 232, with the first upper liquid inlet 231 being the closest. Moreover, the flow area of the first upper liquid inlet 231 is smaller than the flow area of the second upper liquid inlet 232, and the flow area of the second upper liquid inlet 232 is smaller than the flow area of the third upper liquid inlet 233. This enables as much coolant as possible to enter the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the third upper liquid inlet 233. In this way, after entering the upper cooling water jacket 23 from the third upper liquid inlet 233, the coolant is at the farthest from the liquid outlet 230, so that the coolant flows over a wider range of the upper cooling water jacket 23, resulting in better cooling of a region corresponding to the upper cooling water jacket 23.

[0043] Further, a value range of s1 is: 25 mm 2< ≤ s1 ≤ 40 mm 2< , a value range of s2 is: 200 mm 2< ≤ s2 ≤ 220 mm 2< , and a value range of s3 is: 300 mm 2< ≤ s3 ≤ 330 mm 2< . That is, according to experimental data, when the flow area of the first upper liquid inlet 231 ranges from 25 mm 2< to 40 mm 2< , the flow area of the second upper liquid inlet 232 ranges from 200 mm 2< to 220 mm 2< , and the flow area of the third upper liquid inlet 233 ranges from 300 mm 2< to 330 mm 2< , the coolant can flow more comprehensively into the upper cooling water jacket 23, to ensure that different regions corresponding to the upper cooling water jacket 23 are cooled.

[0044] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4, the liquid inlet 210 includes: a first liquid inlet 214, a second liquid inlet 215, a third liquid inlet 216, and a fourth liquid inlet 217. In the direction from the front end to the rear end of the engine, the first liquid inlet 214, the second liquid inlet 215, the third liquid inlet 216, and the fourth liquid inlet 217 are arranged in sequence. A flow area of the first liquid inlet 214 is S1. A flow area of the second liquid inlet 215 is S2. A flow area of the third liquid inlet 216 is S3. A flow area of the fourth liquid inlet 217 is S4. A relationship among S1, S2, S3, and S4 is: S1 < S4 < S3 ≤ S2.

[0045] It will be noted that the first liquid inlet 214, the second liquid inlet 215, the third liquid inlet 216, and the fourth liquid inlet 217 respectively correspond to four cylinder blocks, where the coolant flow at the highest flow velocity at the first liquid inlet 214, followed by the fourth liquid inlet 217, and flows slower at the third liquid inlet 216 and the second liquid inlet 215. Moreover, the flow area of the first liquid inlet 214 is the smallest, followed by that of the fourth liquid inlet 217, and the flow areas of the third liquid inlet 216 and the second liquid inlet 215 are relatively larger. In this way, the coolant can flow into the lower cooling water jacket 21 more evenly through the first liquid inlet 214, the second liquid inlet 215, the third liquid inlet 216, and the fourth liquid inlet 217, so that regions corresponding to the lower cooling water jacket 21 can be evenly cooled, and the cooling effect of the lower cooling water jacket 21 can be improved.

[0046] Further, a value range of S1 is: 40 mm 2< ≤ S1 ≤ 50 mm 2< , a value range of S2 is: 120 mm 2< ≤ S2 ≤ 160 mm 2< , a value range of S3 is: 120 mm 2< ≤ S3 ≤ 140 mm 2< , and a value range of S4 is: 80 mm 2< ≤ S4 ≤ 100 mm 2< . That is, according to experimental data, when the flow area of the first liquid inlet 214 ranges from 40 mm 2< to 50 mm 2< , the flow area of the second liquid inlet 215 ranges from 120 mm 2< to 160 mm 2< , the flow area of the third liquid inlet 216 ranges from 120 mm 2< to 140 mm 2< , and the flow area of the fourth liquid inlet 217 ranges from 80 mm 2< to 100 mm 2< , the coolant can flow into the lower cooling water jacket 21 more evenly, so that it can be ensured that the coolant has the same cooling effect on different regions corresponding to the lower cooling water jacket 21.

[0047] Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cylinder head 1 further includes: a support member 40 and a second sealing member 50. The support member 40 is provided on a side of the lower cooling water jacket 21 that is away from the upper cooling water jacket 23, and the support member 40 is supported on an end of the upper cooling water jacket 23 that is close to the lower cooling water jacket 21. The second sealing member 50 is configured to seal at the support member 40. The support member 40 can play a role in supporting. The support member 40 is provided on a side of the lower cooling water jacket 21 and that is away from the upper cooling water jacket 23. Moreover, the support member 40 is supported on an end of the upper cooling water jacket 23 that is close to the lower cooling water jacket 21. In this way, the support member 40 can be configured to support the upper cooling water jacket 23. Then, by machining the support member 40 and sealing the support member 40 with the second sealing member 50, the coolant can be prevented from entering the upper cooling water jacket 23 through the support member 40, thereby separating the flow of the coolant in the lower cooling water jacket 21, and then affecting overall cooling effect of the water jacket 20.

[0048] Certainly, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 5, a degassing hole 235 is formed at the top of the upper cooling water jacket 23. It will be understood that the coolant may generate bubbles in the water jacket 20 due to a high temperature, and the degassing hole 235 is provided at the top of the upper cooling water jacket 23, so that the generated bubbles may be discharged through the degassing hole 235, thereby preventing cavitation damage to the cylinder head 1.

[0049] In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the lower cooling water jacket 21 is further provided with a cylinder block liquid outlet 218, and the cylinder block liquid outlet 218 is in communication with the liquid outlet 230. The lower cooling water jacket 21 is further provided with a cylinder block liquid outlet 218, the coolant that cools the cylinder block can be discharged through the cylinder block liquid outlet 218, and the cylinder block liquid outlet 218 is in communication with the liquid outlet 230, so that the coolant that cools the cylinder block can be further introduced into the liquid outlet 230, to merge with the coolant in the water jacket 20, flow toward the thermostat seat, and enter a cooling system circuit, thereby implementing a cooling cycle process.

[0050] An engine 100 according to an embodiment of this application includes: the cylinder head 1 according to any foregoing embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7.

[0051] A vehicle 1000 according to an embodiment of this application includes: the engine 100 according to the foregoing embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0052] In the descriptions of this application, it will be understood that orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "anticlockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like are orientations or positional relationships as shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating and simplifying the descriptions of this application instead of indicating or implying that apparatuses or elements indicated must have particular orientations, and be constructed and operated in the particular orientations, so that these terms are not construed as limiting This application.

[0053] In description of this application, a "first feature" or a "second feature" may include one or more such features. In description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more. In description of this application, the first feature beings "above" or "below" the second feature may include that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or may include that the first feature and second feature are not in direct contact but are in contact via another feature between them. In description of this application, the first feature being "over", "above", or "on" the second feature may include that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature.

[0054] In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with this embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the foregoing terms are not necessarily aimed at the same embodiment or example.

[0055] Although the embodiments of this application have been shown and described, person of ordinary skill in the art will understand that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of this application, and the scope of this application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cylinder head (1), comprising: a water jacket (20), the water jacket (20) comprising a lower cooling water jacket (21) and an upper cooling water jacket (23), the lower cooling water jacket (21) being in communication with the upper cooling water jacket (23), the lower cooling water jacket (21) being provided with a liquid inlet (210), and the upper cooling water jacket (23) being provided with a liquid outlet (230).

2. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 1, wherein the water jacket (20) further comprises: an intermediate cooling water jacket (22), the intermediate cooling water jacket (22) is connected between the lower cooling water jacket (21) and the upper cooling water jacket (23), so that a coolant in the lower cooling water jacket (21) enters the upper cooling water jacket (23) through the intermediate cooling water jacket (22).

3. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 2, further comprising: an exhaust passage (10), the intermediate cooling water jacket (22) being provided at the exhaust passage (10), the lower cooling water jacket (21) being provided on one side of the exhaust passage (10), and the upper cooling water jacket (23) being provided on a side of the exhaust passage (10) that is away from the lower cooling water jacket (21).

4. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 3, wherein the exhaust passage (10) comprises: an upper exhaust passage (11) and a lower exhaust passage (12), the intermediate cooling water jacket (22) is provided between the upper exhaust passage (11) and the lower exhaust passage (12), the upper cooling water jacket (23) is provided on a side of the upper exhaust passage (11) that is away from the intermediate cooling water jacket (22), and the lower cooling water jacket (21) is provided on a side of the lower exhaust passage (12) that is away from the intermediate cooling water jacket (22).

5. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in a direction from a front end to a rear end of the engine, the exhaust passage (10) is located at a middle position of a side of the upper cooling water jacket (23) that is close to the lower cooling water jacket (21), and the liquid outlet (230) is provided away from the exhaust passage (10).

6. The cylinder head (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the lower cooling water jacket (21) is provided with a first lower liquid outlet (211), a second lower liquid outlet (212), and a third lower liquid outlet (213), and the first lower liquid outlet (211), the second lower liquid outlet (212), and the third lower liquid outlet (213) are spaced apart; the intermediate cooling water jacket (22) is provided with an intermediate liquid inlet (220) and an intermediate liquid outlet (221), the intermediate liquid inlet (220) is in communication with the intermediate liquid outlet (221), the intermediate liquid inlet (220) is in communication with the first lower liquid outlet (211), and the intermediate liquid outlet (221) is in communication with the second lower liquid outlet (212); and the upper cooling water jacket (23) is provided with a first upper liquid inlet (231), a second upper liquid inlet (232), and a third upper liquid inlet (233), the first upper liquid inlet (231), the second upper liquid inlet (232), and the third upper liquid inlet (233) are spaced apart, the first upper liquid inlet (231) is in communication with the intermediate liquid inlet (220), the second upper liquid inlet (232) is in communication with the intermediate liquid outlet (221), and the third upper liquid inlet (233) is in communication with the third lower liquid outlet (213).

7. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 6, further comprising: a first sealing member (30), the upper cooling water jacket (23) being further provided with an upper water jacket sand-removal hole (234), sand-removal openings being formed on outer sides of joints of the first upper liquid inlet (231), the intermediate liquid inlet (220), and the first lower liquid outlet (211), outer sides of joints of the second upper liquid inlet (232), the intermediate liquid outlet (221), and the second lower liquid outlet (212), and outer sides of joints of the third upper liquid inlet (233) and the third lower liquid outlet (213), and the first sealing member (30) being configured to seal at the upper water jacket sand-removal hole (234) and the sand-removal openings.

8. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in the direction from the front end to the rear end of the engine, the third upper liquid inlet (233), the second upper liquid inlet (232), and the first upper liquid inlet (231) are provided in sequence and spaced apart, and compared with the first upper liquid inlet (231), the liquid outlet (230) is provided away from the third upper liquid inlet (233); and a flow area of the first upper liquid inlet (231) is s1, a flow area of the second upper liquid inlet (232) is s2, a flow area of the third upper liquid inlet (233) is s3, and a relationship among s1, s2, and s3 is: s1 < s2 < s3.

9. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 8, wherein a value range of s1 is: 25 mm2 ≤ s1 ≤ 40 mm2, a value range of s2 is: 200 mm2 ≤ s2 ≤ 220 mm2, and a value range of s3 is: 300 mm2 ≤ s3 ≤ 330 mm2.

10. The cylinder head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the liquid inlet (210) comprises: a first liquid inlet (214), a second liquid inlet (215), a third liquid inlet (216), and a fourth liquid inlet (217), in the direction from the front end to the rear end of the engine, the first liquid inlet (214), the second liquid inlet (215), the third liquid inlet (216), and the fourth liquid inlet (217) are arranged in sequence, a flow area of the first liquid inlet (214) is S1, a flow area of the second liquid inlet (215) is S2, a flow area of the third liquid inlet (216) is S3, a flow area of the fourth liquid inlet (217) is S4, and a relationship among S1, S2, S3, and S4 is: S1 < S4 < S3 ≤ S2.

11. The cylinder head (1) according to claim 10, wherein a value range of S1 is: 40 mm2 ≤ S1 ≤ 50 mm2, a value range of S2 is: 120 mm2 ≤ S2 ≤ 160 mm2, a value range of S3 is: 120 mm2 ≤ S3 ≤ 140 mm2, and a value range of S4 is: 80 mm2 ≤ S4 ≤ 100 mm2.

12. The cylinder head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising: a support member (40), the support member (40) being provided on a side of the lower cooling water jacket (21) that is away from the upper cooling water jacket (23), and the support member (40) being supported on an end of the upper cooling water jacket (23) that is close to the lower cooling water jacket (21); and a second sealing member (50), the second sealing member (50) being configured to seal at the support member (40).

13. The cylinder head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a degassing hole (235) is formed at the top of the upper cooling water jacket (23).

14. The cylinder head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the lower cooling water jacket (21) is further provided with a cylinder block liquid outlet (218), and the cylinder block liquid outlet (218) is in communication with the liquid outlet (230).

15. An engine (100), comprising: the cylinder head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A vehicle (1000), comprising: the engine (100) according to claim 15.

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