Heat over fluid

Abstract

An energy handling system for converting, storing or transmitting energy, comprising a heat exchange unit with a first inner compartment and a flexible container mounted therein, forming a hermetically sealed volume filled with a first substance. The flexible container is controllably filled with a flexible-container fluid. At least one further heat exchange unit is in fluidic connection with the flexible container and / or the hermetically sealed volume for circulating the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance, allowing heat exchange between the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance and a second substance.

Description

Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy handling systems, and more specifically to systems including energy exchange units using transfer of heat over the fluid.Background of the invention

[0002] Energy storage, conversion, and transmission are fundamental aspects of modern energy systems. As global energy demands continue to rise, there is an increasing emphasis on developing efficient and reliable technologies to manage energy resources effectively. Thermal energy handling, in particular, plays a crucial role in a wide range of applications, including power generation, industrial processes, and heating and cooling systems.

[0003] Heat exchange units are integral components in many energy systems, facilitating the transfer of heat between different substances. The efficiency of these units significantly impacts the overall performance of energy handling systems. Traditional heat exchangers often encounter challenges related to heat transfer limitations, material constraints, and difficulties in maintaining optimal thermodynamic conditions. These challenges can lead to energy losses, decreased system efficiency, and increased operational costs.

[0004] Despite advancements in energy technology, these issues highlight ongoing obstacles in the field of energy handling systems. There is a continuing need for innovative solutions that enhance efficiency, improve control over thermodynamic states, ensure system integrity, and provide flexibility to accommodate changing energy demands.

[0005] An example of a really efficient energy handling system is described in European patent application EP4224103, describing a system using a balloon mounted in a vessel to facilitate energy handling processes. The balloon functions by expanding and contracting, thereby enabling the system to handle energy efficiently through mechanisms like heat exchange, pressure regulation, and volume adjustment.

[0006] In the operation of the units, the balloons undergo repeated expansion and contraction cycles within the vessel.

[0007] Accurately controlling the thermodynamic state of substances within energy systems is advantageous for maximizing efficiency and achieving desired performance outcomes. Precise regulation of variables such as temperature, pressure, and volume is advantageous to optimize energy transfer processes. The efficiency of such energy handling systems is a function of the area of the heat exchange surface, there thus being a drive for increasing this area. Addressing these challenges is advantageous for the development of more effective and sustainable energy management technologies.Summary of the invention

[0008] It is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide efficient energy handling systems. This objective is accomplished by the aspects of the present invention.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to an energy handling system for converting, storing or transmitting energy, the energy handling system comprising a heat exchange unit for exchanging heat between a first substance and a flexible-container fluid, the heat exchange unit comprising a first inner compartment and at least one flexible container being mounted in the first inner compartment so as to form in the first inner compartment at least one hermetically sealed volume outside the at least one flexible container, the at least one hermetically sealed volume being filled with the first substance, the at least one flexible container being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid, characterised in that the energy handling system further comprising at least one further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with respectively the at least one flexible container and / or the at least one hermetically sealed volume for circulating respectively the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance over the at least one further heat exchange unit, thus allowing heat exchange between respectively the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance on the one hand and a second substance on the other hand.

[0010] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the surface over which energy, e.g. heat, can be transferred can be large, hence resulting in efficient energy handling systems.

[0011] In embodiments, the at least one further heat exchange unit may be positioned outside the first inner compartment. This allows for efficient heat transfer to the second substance.

[0012] In some embodiments, the at least one further heat exchange unit may be in fluidic connection with the at least one flexible container via a circuit including a circulation pump so as to circulate the flexible-container fluid over the at least one heat exchange unit thus allowing heat exchange between the flexible-container fluid and the second substance. This enables active circulation of the flexible-container fluid for enhanced heat transfer.

[0013] In such embodiments, the wall of the at least one flexible container may be configured as a heat exchange surface for exchanging heat between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid. This maximizes the heat exchange area. The heat is then further transferred from the flexible-container fluid to a second substance in the further heat exchange unit.

[0014] In embodiments, the at least one flexible container may be an elongated balloon connected at both end points to the circuit so as to allow flexible-container fluid circulation. This provides a simple and effective configuration.

[0015] In some embodiments, the at least one further heat exchange unit may be in fluidic connection with the at least one hemetically sealed volume via a circuit including a circulation pump so as to circulate the first substance over the at least one heat exchange unit thus allowing heat exchange between the first substance and the second substance. This enables active circulation of the first substance for enhanced heat transfer.

[0016] In one set of embodiments, the at least one flexible-container may be a single elongated flexible-container having a length substantially longer than the length of the first inner compartment. This allows for a large heat exchange surface area in a compact design.

[0017] In embodiments, the at least one flexible-container may be an elongated balloon fixed at both ends in the first inner compartment. This provides a stable configuration. The elongated flexible-container may in some embodiments alternatively be a bladder suspended at one side in the first inner compartment. In embodiments, supporting elements may be present in the first inner compartment, for delaying or avoiding contact of the at least one flexible container and a wall of the first inner compartment or a wall in the first inner compartment and / or contact between different positions on the at least one flexible container. This results in a larger surface wherein the first substance and the flexible-container fluid are only separated by the wall of the flexible container and hence in a larger surface that can efficiently operate as a heat exchange surface.

[0018] In embodiments, the supporting elements may be configured with respect to the flexible container so that the flexible container follows a meandering path. This increases the effective length and heat exchange area of the flexible container. Nevertheless, the supporting elements may also be configured to obtain a different arrangement for the flexible container.

[0019] In a second set of embodiments, the at least one flexible container in the energy handling system may be a plurality of flexible containers and the system may comprise a plurality of second inner compartments embedded in the first inner compartment. Each flexible container may be mounted in a respective second inner compartment so as to form in its second inner compartment a hermetically sealed volume between the wall of the flexible container and the wall of the respective second inner compartment. Each hermetically sealed volume being filled with the first substance, each flexible container being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid. By using multiple flexible containers, the heat exchange area can be substantially increased. The at least one further heat exchange unit of the energy handling system then may be in fluidic connection with respectively each of the flexible containers and / or the hermetically sealed volumes for circulating respectively the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance over the at least one further heat exchange unit. The latter results in an efficient energy handling system making use of a large heat exchange area between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0020] In embodiments, the different flexible containers respectively the hermetically sealed volumes may be connected in series with each other or in parallel with each other. This allows optimization of the heat transfer configuration.

[0021] In embodiments, the walls of the second inner compartments may be substantially thinner than the wall of the first inner compartment. The latter allows for less expensive components, since less material is to be used.

[0022] In embodiments, the system may furthermore comprise a pressure equalisation system for equalising the pressure in a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment on the one hand and the pressure in the flexible containers on the other hand. This prevents pressure imbalances that could damage the thinner walls of the second inner compartments of the system.

[0023] In embodiments, a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment may be in fluidic connection with the flexible containers and hence also filled with the flexible-container fluid. This simplifies the system design.

[0024] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that improved energy transfer efficiency can be obtained through the use of a larger energy exchange surface between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0025] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that precise control over thermodynamic states can be achieved by controlling the amount of fluid in the flexible container.

[0026] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that versatile energy handling is possible through the exchange of heat between the flexible-container fluid and a second substance and alternatively or in addition thereto between the first substance and the second substance.

[0027] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that a compact and efficient design of energy handling systems can be realized.

[0028] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that efficiency is enhanced by using supporting elements to prevent contact between the flexible container and walls.

[0029] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that scalability and adaptability are offered by embedding multiple flexible containers within the first inner compartment, which can be connected in series or parallel.

[0030] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the overall cost of the system is improved by using second inner compartments with thin walls. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that safety and operational stability are enhanced by providing an equalization system to equalize pressure between certain volumes.

[0031] Particular and preferred aspects of the invention are set out in the accompanying independent and dependent claims. Features from the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent claims and with features of other dependent claims as appropriate and not merely as explicitly set out in the claims.

[0032] The above and other characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. This description is given for the sake of example only, without limiting the scope of the invention. The reference figures quoted below refer to the attached drawings.

[0033] Particular and preferred aspects of the invention are set out in the accompanying independent and dependent claims. Features from the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent claims and with features of other dependent claims as appropriate and not merely as explicitly set out in the claims.

[0034] Although there has been constant improvement, change and evolution of devices in this field, the present concepts are believed to represent substantial new and novel improvements, including departures from prior practices, resulting in the provision of more efficient, stable and reliable devices of this nature.

[0035] The above and other characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. This description is given for the sake of example only, without limiting the scope of the invention. The reference figures quoted below refer to the attached drawings.Brief description of the drawings

[0036] FIG. 1 to 3 show examples of (parts of) energy handling systems according to embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 4 to 7 show different configurations and shapes of elongated flexible containers in a vessel, as can be used in embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 shows examples of (parts of) energy handling systems according to other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 illustrate different possible configurations of second inner compartments in a heat exchange unit in energy handling systems according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] In the different figures, the same reference signs refer to the same or analogous elements.Description of illustrative embodiments

[0038] The present invention will be described with respect to particular embodiments and with reference to certain drawings but the invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims. The drawings described are only schematic and are non-limiting. In the drawings, the size of some of the elements may be exaggerated and not drawn on scale for illustrative purposes. The dimensions and the relative dimensions do not correspond to actual reductions to practice of the invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.

[0040] Moreover, the terms top, bottom, over, under and the like in the description and the claims are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing relative positions. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other orientations than described or illustrated herein.

[0041] It is to be noticed that the term "comprising", used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to the means listed thereafter, it does not exclude other elements or steps. It is thus to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components, or groups thereof. The term "comprising" therefore covers the situation where only the stated features are present and the situation where these features and one or more other features are present. The word "comprising" according to the invention therefore also includes as one embodiment that no further components are present. Thus, the scope of the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should not be interpreted as being limited to devices consisting only of components A and B. It means that with respect to the present invention, the only relevant components of the device are A and B.

[0042] Similarly, it is to be noticed that the term "coupled", also used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to direct connections only. The terms "coupled" and "connected", along with their derivatives, may be used. It should be understood that these terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. Thus, the scope of the expression "a device A coupled to a device B" should not be limited to devices or systems wherein an output of device A is directly connected to an input of device B. It means that there exists a path between an output of A and an input of B which may be a path including other devices or means. "Coupled" may mean that two or more elements are either in direct physical or electrical contact, or that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.

[0043] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but may. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure, in one or more embodiments.

[0044] Similarly it should be appreciated that in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.

[0045] Furthermore, while some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those in the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0046] The following terms are provided solely to aid in the understanding of the invention.

[0047] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "first substance" refers to any fluid, gas, or material that fills the hermetically sealed volume outside the at least one flexible container. It participates in heat exchange, e.g. through the walls of the flexible container towards the flexible-container fluid or directly in the further heat exchange unit.

[0048] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "second substance" refers to any fluid, gas, or material with which heat exchange occurs via the at least one further heat exchange unit, distinct from the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0049] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "flexible-container fluid" refers to any fluid, gas, or material that is controllably introduced into the at least one flexible container. In some embodiments, it may be configured for being circulated over the at least one further heat exchange unit, thus facilitating heat exchange processes. Examples of flexible-container fluid include oil, refrigerants, heating fluids, water, or any fluid appropriate for thermal regulation purposes.

[0050] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "flexible container" refers to a container made of flexible or expandable material capable of altering its shape or volume when filled with the flexible-container fluid, mounted within the first inner compartment to form a hermetically sealed volume outside the container. Examples of flexible container include elongated balloons, flexible bladders, expandable membranes, or hoses made from materials such as rubber, elastomers, or flexible polymers.

[0051] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "hermetically sealed volume" refers to a space that is at least temporary sealed against the ingress or egress of the first substance, ensuring that the first substance remains contained for effective heat exchange. This hermetically sealed volume can be filled with fluids such as gas, water, oil, or other heat transfer media. It is to be noted that whereas the hermetically sealed volume or volumes are hermetically sealed with respect to other fluids, they may be in fluid connection with a circuit of a further heat exchange unit and / or in fluid connection with other hermetically sealed volumes comprising the first substance.

[0052] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "fluidic connection" refers to a conduit, channel, or any means that allows for the flow and circulation of fluids between different components of the energy handling system, such as between flexible containers and heat exchange units or sealed volumes and heat exchange units.

[0053] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the expression "controllably being filled with" refers to the capability of regulating the introduction of the flexible-container fluid into the at least one flexible container in a controlled manner e.g. using a fluid tank and a pump, allowing adjustment of parameters such as pressure, volume, and flow rate to achieve desired operational conditions in the energy handling system. Methods of control may include valves, pumps, or automated control systems.

[0054] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "supporting elements" refers to structures or components within the first inner compartment designed to support, guide, or restrain the at least one flexible container, preventing undesired contact with compartment walls or between different portions of the flexible container. Examples of supporting elements include spacers, frames, grids, or mesh structures made from materials such as metal, plastic, or composites.

[0055] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term " pressure equalisation system" refers to any mechanism or arrangement that balances or maintains equilibrium between different pressures within the energy handling system. Examples include pressure relief valves, diaphragms, compensating chambers, or interconnected fluid pathways.

[0056] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

[0057] The invention will now be described by a detailed description of several embodiments of the invention. It is clear that other embodiments of the invention can be configured according to the knowledge of persons skilled in the art without departing from the technical teaching of the invention, the invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

[0058] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to an energy handling system for converting, storing or transmitting energy. Such an energy handling system may be configured as one or a combination of a compressor, an expander, a heat pump for domestic use, a heat pump for industrial use, a heat engine, a system for separating fluid components out of a fluid, a liquification system, an energy stock piling system, etc. According to the present invention, the energy handling system comprises a first heat exchange unit for exchanging heat. The first heat exchange unit comprises a first inner compartment and at least one flexible container being mounted in the first inner compartment so as to form in the first inner compartment at least one hermetically sealed volume outside the at least one flexible container. The at least one hermetically sealed volume typically is being filled with a first substance and the at least one flexible container is being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid. According to the present invention, the energy handling system further comprises at least one further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with respectively the at least one flexible container and / or the at least one hermetically sealed volume. In other words, there may be a further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with the at least one flexible container for circulating the flexible-container fluid over the at least one further heat exchange unit, or there may be a further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with the hemetically sealed volume for circulating the first substance over the at least one further heat exchange unit, or there may be a combination thereof. This / these further heat exchange units allow for heat exchange between a second substance on the one hand and either the flexible-container fluid, either the first substance or a combination of the flexible-container fluid and the first substance on the other hand. In this way, energy induced in the first heat exchange unit is transferred over a fluid, being either the flexible-container fluid, the first substance or a combination thereof, so as to be able to be exchanged with a second substance. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that using a configuration as described above, systems are obtained that provide high efficiency.

[0059] Features and advantages of embodiments according to the first aspect will now be described with reference to a number of examples, embodiments not being limited thereto.

[0060] In a first set of examples, the first heat exchange unit comprises a single flexible container and a single first inner compartment. The at least one further heat exchange unit typically may be positioned outside the first inner compartment. An example of a such an energy handling system or part thereof is shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3.

[0061] FIG. 1 illustrates part of an energy handling system 1, wherein a first heat exchange unit 100 is shown with a first inner compartment 130 wherein a flexible container 160 is mounted. In this way, a hermetically sealed volume 170 outside the flexible container is created. The hermetically sealed volume typically is filled with a first substance 110 and the flexible container 160 is configured for being controllably filled with flexible-container fluid 180. This flexible-container fluid 180 can be provided from a tank 182 using a hydraulic pump / motor 184. In the first example of FIG. 1, the energy handling system 1 further comprises a further heat exchange unit 200, in the present example being positioned outside the inner compartment, in fluidic connection with the flexible container 160 hence allowing circulating the flexible-container fluid 180 over the further heat exchange unit 200. In other words, a circulation circuit 210 is formed including the further heat exchange unit 200 and the flexible container 160 hence allowing circulation of the flexible-container fluid 180, using a circulation pump 220. The flexible container 160 may be elongated and may be substantially longer than the length of the inner compartment 130. The latter may assist in having a large heat exchange area separating the flexible-container fluid 180 and the first substance 110. The flexible container 160 thereby may be arranged as an elongated balloon connected at both end points in the circuit 210. According to the present example, the wall of the at flexible container 160 is configured as a heat exchange surface 150 for exchanging heat between the first substance 110 and the flexible-container fluid 180. The hermetically sealed volume may be connected to a gas exchange 192.

[0062] FIG. 2 illustrates a second example, based on the same principle, but the further heat exchange unit 300 is now in fluidic connection with the hermetically sealed volume 170 rather than with the flexible container 180. In this way, circulation of the first substance 110 over the further heat exchange unit 300 is obtained in circulation circuit 310 using a circulation pump 320. In this embodiment, the flexible container 160 can be e.g. a balloon, similar as in FIG. 1 or can e.g. a bladder, e.g. an elongated bladder. Again the flexible container 160 may be elongated and may be substantially longer than the length of the inner compartment 130. The latter again may assist in having a large heat exchange area separating the flexible-container fluid 180 and the first substance 110.

[0063] FIG. 3 illustrates a third example, based on the same principle, whereby both circulation of the first substance 110 as well as circulation of the flexible-container fluid is used.

[0064] FIG. 4 illustrates different situations upon filling of the flexible container with flexible-container fluid. The upper drawing illustrates the situation wherein the flexible container is empty, the middle drawing illustrates the situation during filling of the flexible container and the lower drawing illustrates the situation wherein the filling of the flexible container is complete.

[0065] In some embodiments, where one wishes to obtain a maximum area of flexible container wall separating the first instance and the flexible-container fluid so as to have a maximum heat exchange surface, supporting elements 400 may be introduced in the first inner compartment in order to avoid different parts of the flexible container wall touching each other, since this would reduce the amount of heat exchange surface. The latter is illustrated in FIG. 5, where again in the upper drawing the situation is shown wherein the flexible container is empty, in the middle drawings the situation is shown during filling and in the lower drawing the situation is shown where the flexible container is completely filed. In some embodiments, the supporting elements 400 and the elongated flexible container may be configured such that the flexible container follows a meandering path within the first inner compartment.

[0066] Similar as discussed for FIG. 5, it may also be relevant to avoid contact of the flexible container wall with the wall of the first inner compartment 130. As shown in FIG. 6, a spacer for spacing the flexible container wall from the wall of the first inner compartment 130 may be used. Such a spacer may for example be of a mesh type, such that it allows for first substance 110 to still be in contact with the flexible container wall, when the flexible container wall is kept in position by the spacer. This again may increase the available surface for having heat exchange between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0067] In another example, the flexible container may be pre-shaped such that it behaves as an accordeon when expanding during filling with flexible-container fluid. The latter is illustrated in FIG. 7, whereby the upper drawing illustrates the situation when being empty, the middle drawing illustrates the situation during filling and the lower drawing illustrates the situation when being completely filled.

[0068] Whereas particular configurations of the flexible container and the structural feature or of the shape of the flexible container have been described, embodiments are not limited thereto and may also be configured or shaped differently.

[0069] In a second set of examples, the first heat exchange unit comprises a plurality of flexible containers each mounted in their own second inner compartment and hence forming hermetically sealed volumes between the outside of the flexible containers and the wall of the second inner compartments.

[0070] A first example thereof is shown in FIG. 8, where part of an energy handling system 1 is shown wherein the first heat exchange unit 100 comprises a plurality of flexible containers 560a, 560b, 560c and a plurality of second inner compartments 530a, 530b, 530c embedded in the first inner compartment (130). Each flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c thereby is mounted in its respective second inner compartment 530a, 530b, 530c so as to form in its second inner compartment a hermetically sealed volume 570a, 570b, 570c between the wall of the flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c and the wall of the respective second inner compartment 530a, 530b, 530c. According to the example shown, each hermetically sealed volume 570a, 570b, 570c is being filled with the first substance 110, each flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c is being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid 180. The latter may be performed using a common tank 182 and a hydraulic pump / motor 182. According to the present example, the system also comprises at least one further heat exchange unit 200 being in fluidic connection with each of the flexible containers 560a, 560b, 560c for circulating the flexible-container fluid 180 over the at least one further heat exchange unit 200. In other words, a circulation circuit 210 is formed including the further heat exchange unit 200 and the flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c hence allowing circulation of the flexible-container fluid 180, using a circulation pump 220.

[0071] A second example is shown in FIG. 9, whereby the same principle is used, but wherein the further heat exchange unit 300 is now in fluidic connection with the hermetically sealed volumes 570a, 570b, 570c rather than with the flexible containers 560a, 560b, 56c. In this way, circulation of the first substance 110 over the further heat exchange unit 300 is obtained in circulation circuit 310 using a circulation pump 320. In this embodiment, the flexible containers 560a, 560b, 560c can be e.g. a balloon, or can e.g. be a bladder, e.g. an elongated bladder.

[0072] FIG. 10 illustrates a third example, based on the same principle, whereby both circulation of the first substance 110 as well as circulation of the flexible-container fluid 180 is used.

[0073] Whereas in the systems shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. 10, the different flexible containers and / or the different hermetically sealed volumes are illustrated as being in parallel with each other in the fluidic circuit with the further heat exchange unit, alternatively the different flexible containers and / or the different hermetically sealed volumes may be in series with each other in the fluidic circuit with the further heat exchange unit. In all such cases, the result of having a large heat exchange surface between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid is obtained.

[0074] Whereas in the systems shown in FIG. 8 to 10, the second inner compartments may have the same wall thickness as the first inner compartment, in some advantageous embodiments the walls of the second inner compartments may have a significantly thinner wall thickness. The latter is advantageous since less material is required for the construction thereof. In order to prevent large deformation of the second inner compartments, the system may be configured so that the pressures in the different volumes do not result in large deformations. In some embodiments, the pressure in the flexible containers and the pressure outside the second inner compartments may be substantially the same, e.g. by putting these volumes in fluidic connection with each other (e.g. by fluidically connecting them to the same tank and the same hydraulic pump / motor, as shown in FIG. 8 to 10. In some embodiments, not shown in FIG. 8 to 10, substantially the same pressure may be induced in the hermetically sealed volumes in the second inner compartments and outside the second inner compartments. A pressure equalisation system may therefore be implemented. Alternatively, a pressure equalisation system also may be used for equalising the pressure in a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment on the one hand and the pressure in the flexible containers on the other hand. Pressure equalisation systems may use additional pumps, valves, etc.

[0075] Whereas in the schematic drawings shown in FIG. 8 to 10, similar sized second inner compartments are shown, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Second inner compartments with e.g. different cross-sectional size may be used and may be arranged to optimise the volume used in the first heat exchange unit. FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 illustrate two cross-sections of the first heat exchange unit with different second inner compartments. It will be clear that other configurations for the second inner compartments also may be used and are considered within the scope of the present claims. All these configurations contribute to the fact that efficient energy exchange is obtained in the first heat exchange unit, for example due to large heat exchange surfaces established by the flexible walls of the flexible containers used.

[0076] It is to be understood that although preferred embodiments, specific constructions and configurations, as well as materials, have been discussed herein for devices according to the present invention, various changes or modifications in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. For example, any formulas given above are merely representative of procedures that may be used. Steps may be added or deleted to methods described within the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0038]The present invention will be described with respect to particular embodiments and with reference to certain drawings but the invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims. The drawings described are only schematic and are non-limiting. In the drawings, the size of some of the elements may be exaggerated and not drawn on scale for illustrative purposes. The dimensions and the relative dimensions do not correspond to actual reductions to practice of the invention.

[0039]Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.

[0040]More...

Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy handling systems, and more specifically to systems including energy exchange units using transfer of heat over the fluid.Background of the invention

[0002] Energy storage, conversion, and transmission are fundamental aspects of modern energy systems. As global energy demands continue to rise, there is an increasing emphasis on developing efficient and reliable technologies to manage energy resources effectively. Thermal energy handling, in particular, plays a crucial role in a wide range of applications, including power generation, industrial processes, and heating and cooling systems.

[0003] Heat exchange units are integral components in many energy systems, facilitating the transfer of heat between different substances. The efficiency of these units significantly impacts the overall performance of energy handling systems. Traditional heat exchangers often encounter challenges related to heat transfer limitations, material constraints, and difficulties in maintaining optimal thermodynamic conditions. These challenges can lead to energy losses, decreased system efficiency, and increased operational costs.

[0004] Despite advancements in energy technology, these issues highlight ongoing obstacles in the field of energy handling systems. There is a continuing need for innovative solutions that enhance efficiency, improve control over thermodynamic states, ensure system integrity, and provide flexibility to accommodate changing energy demands.

[0005] An example of a really efficient energy handling system is described in European patent application EP4224103, describing a system using a balloon mounted in a vessel to facilitate energy handling processes. The balloon functions by expanding and contracting, thereby enabling the system to handle energy efficiently through mechanisms like heat exchange, pressure regulation, and volume adjustment.

[0006] In the operation of the units, the balloons undergo repeated expansion and contraction cycles within the vessel.

[0007] Accurately controlling the thermodynamic state of substances within energy systems is advantageous for maximizing efficiency and achieving desired performance outcomes. Precise regulation of variables such as temperature, pressure, and volume is advantageous to optimize energy transfer processes. The efficiency of such energy handling systems is a function of the area of the heat exchange surface, there thus being a drive for increasing this area. Addressing these challenges is advantageous for the development of more effective and sustainable energy management technologies.Summary of the invention

[0008] It is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide efficient energy handling systems. This objective is accomplished by the aspects of the present invention.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to an energy handling system for converting, storing or transmitting energy, the energy handling system comprising a heat exchange unit for exchanging heat between a first substance and a flexible-container fluid, the heat exchange unit comprising a first inner compartment and at least one flexible container being mounted in the first inner compartment so as to form in the first inner compartment at least one hermetically sealed volume outside the at least one flexible container, the at least one hermetically sealed volume being filled with the first substance, the at least one flexible container being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid, characterised in that the energy handling system further comprising at least one further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with respectively the at least one flexible container and / or the at least one hermetically sealed volume for circulating respectively the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance over the at least one further heat exchange unit, thus allowing heat exchange between respectively the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance on the one hand and a second substance on the other hand.

[0010] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the surface over which energy, e.g. heat, can be transferred can be large, hence resulting in efficient energy handling systems.

[0011] In embodiments, the at least one further heat exchange unit may be positioned outside the first inner compartment. This allows for efficient heat transfer to the second substance.

[0012] In some embodiments, the at least one further heat exchange unit may be in fluidic connection with the at least one flexible container via a circuit including a circulation pump so as to circulate the flexible-container fluid over the at least one heat exchange unit thus allowing heat exchange between the flexible-container fluid and the second substance. This enables active circulation of the flexible-container fluid for enhanced heat transfer.

[0013] In such embodiments, the wall of the at least one flexible container may be configured as a heat exchange surface for exchanging heat between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid. This maximizes the heat exchange area. The heat is then further transferred from the flexible-container fluid to a second substance in the further heat exchange unit.

[0014] In embodiments, the at least one flexible container may be an elongated balloon connected at both end points to the circuit so as to allow flexible-container fluid circulation. This provides a simple and effective configuration.

[0015] In some embodiments, the at least one further heat exchange unit may be in fluidic connection with the at least one hemetically sealed volume via a circuit including a circulation pump so as to circulate the first substance over the at least one heat exchange unit thus allowing heat exchange between the first substance and the second substance. This enables active circulation of the first substance for enhanced heat transfer.

[0016] In one set of embodiments, the at least one flexible-container may be a single elongated flexible-container having a length substantially longer than the length of the first inner compartment. This allows for a large heat exchange surface area in a compact design.

[0017] In embodiments, the at least one flexible-container may be an elongated balloon fixed at both ends in the first inner compartment. This provides a stable configuration. The elongated flexible-container may in some embodiments alternatively be a bladder suspended at one side in the first inner compartment. In embodiments, supporting elements may be present in the first inner compartment, for delaying or avoiding contact of the at least one flexible container and a wall of the first inner compartment or a wall in the first inner compartment and / or contact between different positions on the at least one flexible container. This results in a larger surface wherein the first substance and the flexible-container fluid are only separated by the wall of the flexible container and hence in a larger surface that can efficiently operate as a heat exchange surface.

[0018] In embodiments, the supporting elements may be configured with respect to the flexible container so that the flexible container follows a meandering path. This increases the effective length and heat exchange area of the flexible container. Nevertheless, the supporting elements may also be configured to obtain a different arrangement for the flexible container.

[0019] In a second set of embodiments, the at least one flexible container in the energy handling system may be a plurality of flexible containers and the system may comprise a plurality of second inner compartments embedded in the first inner compartment. Each flexible container may be mounted in a respective second inner compartment so as to form in its second inner compartment a hermetically sealed volume between the wall of the flexible container and the wall of the respective second inner compartment. Each hermetically sealed volume being filled with the first substance, each flexible container being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid. By using multiple flexible containers, the heat exchange area can be substantially increased. The at least one further heat exchange unit of the energy handling system then may be in fluidic connection with respectively each of the flexible containers and / or the hermetically sealed volumes for circulating respectively the flexible-container fluid and / or the first substance over the at least one further heat exchange unit. The latter results in an efficient energy handling system making use of a large heat exchange area between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0020] In embodiments, the different flexible containers respectively the hermetically sealed volumes may be connected in series with each other or in parallel with each other. This allows optimization of the heat transfer configuration.

[0021] In embodiments, the walls of the second inner compartments may be substantially thinner than the wall of the first inner compartment. The latter allows for less expensive components, since less material is to be used.

[0022] In embodiments, the system may furthermore comprise a pressure equalisation system for equalising the pressure in a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment on the one hand and the pressure in the flexible containers on the other hand. This prevents pressure imbalances that could damage the thinner walls of the second inner compartments of the system.

[0023] In embodiments, a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment may be in fluidic connection with the flexible containers and hence also filled with the flexible-container fluid. This simplifies the system design.

[0024] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that improved energy transfer efficiency can be obtained through the use of a larger energy exchange surface between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0025] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that precise control over thermodynamic states can be achieved by controlling the amount of fluid in the flexible container.

[0026] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that versatile energy handling is possible through the exchange of heat between the flexible-container fluid and a second substance and alternatively or in addition thereto between the first substance and the second substance.

[0027] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that a compact and efficient design of energy handling systems can be realized.

[0028] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that efficiency is enhanced by using supporting elements to prevent contact between the flexible container and walls.

[0029] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that scalability and adaptability are offered by embedding multiple flexible containers within the first inner compartment, which can be connected in series or parallel.

[0030] It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the overall cost of the system is improved by using second inner compartments with thin walls. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that safety and operational stability are enhanced by providing an equalization system to equalize pressure between certain volumes.

[0031] Particular and preferred aspects of the invention are set out in the accompanying independent and dependent claims. Features from the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent claims and with features of other dependent claims as appropriate and not merely as explicitly set out in the claims.

[0032] The above and other characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. This description is given for the sake of example only, without limiting the scope of the invention. The reference figures quoted below refer to the attached drawings.

[0033] Particular and preferred aspects of the invention are set out in the accompanying independent and dependent claims. Features from the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent claims and with features of other dependent claims as appropriate and not merely as explicitly set out in the claims.

[0034] Although there has been constant improvement, change and evolution of devices in this field, the present concepts are believed to represent substantial new and novel improvements, including departures from prior practices, resulting in the provision of more efficient, stable and reliable devices of this nature.

[0035] The above and other characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. This description is given for the sake of example only, without limiting the scope of the invention. The reference figures quoted below refer to the attached drawings.Brief description of the drawings

[0036] FIG. 1 to 3 show examples of (parts of) energy handling systems according to embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 4 to 7 show different configurations and shapes of elongated flexible containers in a vessel, as can be used in embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 shows examples of (parts of) energy handling systems according to other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 illustrate different possible configurations of second inner compartments in a heat exchange unit in energy handling systems according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] In the different figures, the same reference signs refer to the same or analogous elements.Description of illustrative embodiments

[0038] The present invention will be described with respect to particular embodiments and with reference to certain drawings but the invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims. The drawings described are only schematic and are non-limiting. In the drawings, the size of some of the elements may be exaggerated and not drawn on scale for illustrative purposes. The dimensions and the relative dimensions do not correspond to actual reductions to practice of the invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.

[0040] Moreover, the terms top, bottom, over, under and the like in the description and the claims are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing relative positions. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other orientations than described or illustrated herein.

[0041] It is to be noticed that the term "comprising", used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to the means listed thereafter, it does not exclude other elements or steps. It is thus to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components, or groups thereof. The term "comprising" therefore covers the situation where only the stated features are present and the situation where these features and one or more other features are present. The word "comprising" according to the invention therefore also includes as one embodiment that no further components are present. Thus, the scope of the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should not be interpreted as being limited to devices consisting only of components A and B. It means that with respect to the present invention, the only relevant components of the device are A and B.

[0042] Similarly, it is to be noticed that the term "coupled", also used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to direct connections only. The terms "coupled" and "connected", along with their derivatives, may be used. It should be understood that these terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. Thus, the scope of the expression "a device A coupled to a device B" should not be limited to devices or systems wherein an output of device A is directly connected to an input of device B. It means that there exists a path between an output of A and an input of B which may be a path including other devices or means. "Coupled" may mean that two or more elements are either in direct physical or electrical contact, or that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.

[0043] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but may. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure, in one or more embodiments.

[0044] Similarly it should be appreciated that in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.

[0045] Furthermore, while some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those in the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0046] The following terms are provided solely to aid in the understanding of the invention.

[0047] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "first substance" refers to any fluid, gas, or material that fills the hermetically sealed volume outside the at least one flexible container. It participates in heat exchange, e.g. through the walls of the flexible container towards the flexible-container fluid or directly in the further heat exchange unit.

[0048] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "second substance" refers to any fluid, gas, or material with which heat exchange occurs via the at least one further heat exchange unit, distinct from the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0049] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "flexible-container fluid" refers to any fluid, gas, or material that is controllably introduced into the at least one flexible container. In some embodiments, it may be configured for being circulated over the at least one further heat exchange unit, thus facilitating heat exchange processes. Examples of flexible-container fluid include oil, refrigerants, heating fluids, water, or any fluid appropriate for thermal regulation purposes.

[0050] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "flexible container" refers to a container made of flexible or expandable material capable of altering its shape or volume when filled with the flexible-container fluid, mounted within the first inner compartment to form a hermetically sealed volume outside the container. Examples of flexible container include elongated balloons, flexible bladders, expandable membranes, or hoses made from materials such as rubber, elastomers, or flexible polymers.

[0051] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "hermetically sealed volume" refers to a space that is at least temporary sealed against the ingress or egress of the first substance, ensuring that the first substance remains contained for effective heat exchange. This hermetically sealed volume can be filled with fluids such as gas, water, oil, or other heat transfer media. It is to be noted that whereas the hermetically sealed volume or volumes are hermetically sealed with respect to other fluids, they may be in fluid connection with a circuit of a further heat exchange unit and / or in fluid connection with other hermetically sealed volumes comprising the first substance.

[0052] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "fluidic connection" refers to a conduit, channel, or any means that allows for the flow and circulation of fluids between different components of the energy handling system, such as between flexible containers and heat exchange units or sealed volumes and heat exchange units.

[0053] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the expression "controllably being filled with" refers to the capability of regulating the introduction of the flexible-container fluid into the at least one flexible container in a controlled manner e.g. using a fluid tank and a pump, allowing adjustment of parameters such as pressure, volume, and flow rate to achieve desired operational conditions in the energy handling system. Methods of control may include valves, pumps, or automated control systems.

[0054] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term "supporting elements" refers to structures or components within the first inner compartment designed to support, guide, or restrain the at least one flexible container, preventing undesired contact with compartment walls or between different portions of the flexible container. Examples of supporting elements include spacers, frames, grids, or mesh structures made from materials such as metal, plastic, or composites.

[0055] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, the term " pressure equalisation system" refers to any mechanism or arrangement that balances or maintains equilibrium between different pressures within the energy handling system. Examples include pressure relief valves, diaphragms, compensating chambers, or interconnected fluid pathways.

[0056] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

[0057] The invention will now be described by a detailed description of several embodiments of the invention. It is clear that other embodiments of the invention can be configured according to the knowledge of persons skilled in the art without departing from the technical teaching of the invention, the invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

[0058] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to an energy handling system for converting, storing or transmitting energy. Such an energy handling system may be configured as one or a combination of a compressor, an expander, a heat pump for domestic use, a heat pump for industrial use, a heat engine, a system for separating fluid components out of a fluid, a liquification system, an energy stock piling system, etc. According to the present invention, the energy handling system comprises a first heat exchange unit for exchanging heat. The first heat exchange unit comprises a first inner compartment and at least one flexible container being mounted in the first inner compartment so as to form in the first inner compartment at least one hermetically sealed volume outside the at least one flexible container. The at least one hermetically sealed volume typically is being filled with a first substance and the at least one flexible container is being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid. According to the present invention, the energy handling system further comprises at least one further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with respectively the at least one flexible container and / or the at least one hermetically sealed volume. In other words, there may be a further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with the at least one flexible container for circulating the flexible-container fluid over the at least one further heat exchange unit, or there may be a further heat exchange unit in fluidic connection with the hemetically sealed volume for circulating the first substance over the at least one further heat exchange unit, or there may be a combination thereof. This / these further heat exchange units allow for heat exchange between a second substance on the one hand and either the flexible-container fluid, either the first substance or a combination of the flexible-container fluid and the first substance on the other hand. In this way, energy induced in the first heat exchange unit is transferred over a fluid, being either the flexible-container fluid, the first substance or a combination thereof, so as to be able to be exchanged with a second substance. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that using a configuration as described above, systems are obtained that provide high efficiency.

[0059] Features and advantages of embodiments according to the first aspect will now be described with reference to a number of examples, embodiments not being limited thereto.

[0060] In a first set of examples, the first heat exchange unit comprises a single flexible container and a single first inner compartment. The at least one further heat exchange unit typically may be positioned outside the first inner compartment. An example of a such an energy handling system or part thereof is shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3.

[0061] FIG. 1 illustrates part of an energy handling system 1, wherein a first heat exchange unit 100 is shown with a first inner compartment 130 wherein a flexible container 160 is mounted. In this way, a hermetically sealed volume 170 outside the flexible container is created. The hermetically sealed volume typically is filled with a first substance 110 and the flexible container 160 is configured for being controllably filled with flexible-container fluid 180. This flexible-container fluid 180 can be provided from a tank 182 using a hydraulic pump / motor 184. In the first example of FIG. 1, the energy handling system 1 further comprises a further heat exchange unit 200, in the present example being positioned outside the inner compartment, in fluidic connection with the flexible container 160 hence allowing circulating the flexible-container fluid 180 over the further heat exchange unit 200. In other words, a circulation circuit 210 is formed including the further heat exchange unit 200 and the flexible container 160 hence allowing circulation of the flexible-container fluid 180, using a circulation pump 220. The flexible container 160 may be elongated and may be substantially longer than the length of the inner compartment 130. The latter may assist in having a large heat exchange area separating the flexible-container fluid 180 and the first substance 110. The flexible container 160 thereby may be arranged as an elongated balloon connected at both end points in the circuit 210. According to the present example, the wall of the at flexible container 160 is configured as a heat exchange surface 150 for exchanging heat between the first substance 110 and the flexible-container fluid 180. The hermetically sealed volume may be connected to a gas exchange 192.

[0062] FIG. 2 illustrates a second example, based on the same principle, but the further heat exchange unit 300 is now in fluidic connection with the hermetically sealed volume 170 rather than with the flexible container 180. In this way, circulation of the first substance 110 over the further heat exchange unit 300 is obtained in circulation circuit 310 using a circulation pump 320. In this embodiment, the flexible container 160 can be e.g. a balloon, similar as in FIG. 1 or can e.g. a bladder, e.g. an elongated bladder. Again the flexible container 160 may be elongated and may be substantially longer than the length of the inner compartment 130. The latter again may assist in having a large heat exchange area separating the flexible-container fluid 180 and the first substance 110.

[0063] FIG. 3 illustrates a third example, based on the same principle, whereby both circulation of the first substance 110 as well as circulation of the flexible-container fluid is used.

[0064] FIG. 4 illustrates different situations upon filling of the flexible container with flexible-container fluid. The upper drawing illustrates the situation wherein the flexible container is empty, the middle drawing illustrates the situation during filling of the flexible container and the lower drawing illustrates the situation wherein the filling of the flexible container is complete.

[0065] In some embodiments, where one wishes to obtain a maximum area of flexible container wall separating the first instance and the flexible-container fluid so as to have a maximum heat exchange surface, supporting elements 400 may be introduced in the first inner compartment in order to avoid different parts of the flexible container wall touching each other, since this would reduce the amount of heat exchange surface. The latter is illustrated in FIG. 5, where again in the upper drawing the situation is shown wherein the flexible container is empty, in the middle drawings the situation is shown during filling and in the lower drawing the situation is shown where the flexible container is completely filed. In some embodiments, the supporting elements 400 and the elongated flexible container may be configured such that the flexible container follows a meandering path within the first inner compartment.

[0066] Similar as discussed for FIG. 5, it may also be relevant to avoid contact of the flexible container wall with the wall of the first inner compartment 130. As shown in FIG. 6, a spacer for spacing the flexible container wall from the wall of the first inner compartment 130 may be used. Such a spacer may for example be of a mesh type, such that it allows for first substance 110 to still be in contact with the flexible container wall, when the flexible container wall is kept in position by the spacer. This again may increase the available surface for having heat exchange between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid.

[0067] In another example, the flexible container may be pre-shaped such that it behaves as an accordeon when expanding during filling with flexible-container fluid. The latter is illustrated in FIG. 7, whereby the upper drawing illustrates the situation when being empty, the middle drawing illustrates the situation during filling and the lower drawing illustrates the situation when being completely filled.

[0068] Whereas particular configurations of the flexible container and the structural feature or of the shape of the flexible container have been described, embodiments are not limited thereto and may also be configured or shaped differently.

[0069] In a second set of examples, the first heat exchange unit comprises a plurality of flexible containers each mounted in their own second inner compartment and hence forming hermetically sealed volumes between the outside of the flexible containers and the wall of the second inner compartments.

[0070] A first example thereof is shown in FIG. 8, where part of an energy handling system 1 is shown wherein the first heat exchange unit 100 comprises a plurality of flexible containers 560a, 560b, 560c and a plurality of second inner compartments 530a, 530b, 530c embedded in the first inner compartment (130). Each flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c thereby is mounted in its respective second inner compartment 530a, 530b, 530c so as to form in its second inner compartment a hermetically sealed volume 570a, 570b, 570c between the wall of the flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c and the wall of the respective second inner compartment 530a, 530b, 530c. According to the example shown, each hermetically sealed volume 570a, 570b, 570c is being filled with the first substance 110, each flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c is being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid 180. The latter may be performed using a common tank 182 and a hydraulic pump / motor 182. According to the present example, the system also comprises at least one further heat exchange unit 200 being in fluidic connection with each of the flexible containers 560a, 560b, 560c for circulating the flexible-container fluid 180 over the at least one further heat exchange unit 200. In other words, a circulation circuit 210 is formed including the further heat exchange unit 200 and the flexible container 560a, 560b, 560c hence allowing circulation of the flexible-container fluid 180, using a circulation pump 220.

[0071] A second example is shown in FIG. 9, whereby the same principle is used, but wherein the further heat exchange unit 300 is now in fluidic connection with the hermetically sealed volumes 570a, 570b, 570c rather than with the flexible containers 560a, 560b, 56c. In this way, circulation of the first substance 110 over the further heat exchange unit 300 is obtained in circulation circuit 310 using a circulation pump 320. In this embodiment, the flexible containers 560a, 560b, 560c can be e.g. a balloon, or can e.g. be a bladder, e.g. an elongated bladder.

[0072] FIG. 10 illustrates a third example, based on the same principle, whereby both circulation of the first substance 110 as well as circulation of the flexible-container fluid 180 is used.

[0073] Whereas in the systems shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. 10, the different flexible containers and / or the different hermetically sealed volumes are illustrated as being in parallel with each other in the fluidic circuit with the further heat exchange unit, alternatively the different flexible containers and / or the different hermetically sealed volumes may be in series with each other in the fluidic circuit with the further heat exchange unit. In all such cases, the result of having a large heat exchange surface between the first substance and the flexible-container fluid is obtained.

[0074] Whereas in the systems shown in FIG. 8 to 10, the second inner compartments may have the same wall thickness as the first inner compartment, in some advantageous embodiments the walls of the second inner compartments may have a significantly thinner wall thickness. The latter is advantageous since less material is required for the construction thereof. In order to prevent large deformation of the second inner compartments, the system may be configured so that the pressures in the different volumes do not result in large deformations. In some embodiments, the pressure in the flexible containers and the pressure outside the second inner compartments may be substantially the same, e.g. by putting these volumes in fluidic connection with each other (e.g. by fluidically connecting them to the same tank and the same hydraulic pump / motor, as shown in FIG. 8 to 10. In some embodiments, not shown in FIG. 8 to 10, substantially the same pressure may be induced in the hermetically sealed volumes in the second inner compartments and outside the second inner compartments. A pressure equalisation system may therefore be implemented. Alternatively, a pressure equalisation system also may be used for equalising the pressure in a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment on the one hand and the pressure in the flexible containers on the other hand. Pressure equalisation systems may use additional pumps, valves, etc.

[0075] Whereas in the schematic drawings shown in FIG. 8 to 10, similar sized second inner compartments are shown, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Second inner compartments with e.g. different cross-sectional size may be used and may be arranged to optimise the volume used in the first heat exchange unit. FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 illustrate two cross-sections of the first heat exchange unit with different second inner compartments. It will be clear that other configurations for the second inner compartments also may be used and are considered within the scope of the present claims. All these configurations contribute to the fact that efficient energy exchange is obtained in the first heat exchange unit, for example due to large heat exchange surfaces established by the flexible walls of the flexible containers used.

[0076] It is to be understood that although preferred embodiments, specific constructions and configurations, as well as materials, have been discussed herein for devices according to the present invention, various changes or modifications in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. For example, any formulas given above are merely representative of procedures that may be used. Steps may be added or deleted to methods described within the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0038]The present invention will be described with respect to particular embodiments and with reference to certain drawings but the invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims. The drawings described are only schematic and are non-limiting. In the drawings, the size of some of the elements may be exaggerated and not drawn on scale for illustrative purposes. The dimensions and the relative dimensions do not correspond to actual reductions to practice of the invention.

[0039]Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.

[0040]More...

Claims

1. An energy handling system (1) for converting, storing or transmitting energy, the energy handling system (1) comprising a heat exchange unit (100) for exchanging heat between a first substance (110) and a flexible-container fluid (180), the heat exchange unit (100) comprising a first inner compartment (130) and at least one flexible container (160) being mounted in the first inner compartment (130) so as to form in the first inner compartment (130) at least one hermetically sealed volume (170) outside the at least one flexible container (160), the at least one hermetically sealed volume (170) being filled with the first substance (110), the at least one flexible container (160) being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid (180), characterised in that the energy handling system (1) further comprises at least one further heat exchange unit (200, 300) in fluidic connection with respectively the at least one flexible container (160) and / or the at least one hermetically sealed volume (170) for circulating respectively the flexible-container fluid (180) and / or the first substance (110) over the at least one further heat exchange unit (200, 300), thus allowing heat exchange between respectively the flexible-container fluid (180) and / or the first substance (110) on the one hand and a second substance (120) on the other hand.

2. The energy handling system (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one further heat exchange unit (200, 300) is positioned outside the first inner compartment (130).

3. The energy handling system (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the at least one further heat exchange unit (200) is in fluidic connection with the at least one flexible container (160) via a circuit (210) including a circulation pump (220) so as to circulate the flexible-container fluid (180) over the at least one heat exchange unit (200) thus allowing heat exchange between the flexible-container fluid (180) and the second substance (120).

4. The energy handling system (1) according to claim 3, wherein the wall of the at least one flexible container (160) is configured as a heat exchange surface (150) for exchanging heat between the first substance (110) and the flexible-container fluid (180).

5. The energy handling system (1) according to any of claims 3 to 4, wherein the at least one flexible container (160) is an elongated balloon connected at both end points to the circuit (210).

6. The energy handling system (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the at least one further heat exchange unit (300) is in fluidic connection with the at least one hermetically sealed volume (170) via a circuit (310) including a circulation pump (320) so as to circulate the first substance (110) over the at least one heat exchange unit (300) thus allowing heat exchange between the first substance (110) and the second substance (120).

7. The energy handling system (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the at least one flexible-container (160) is a single elongated flexible-container having a length substantially longer than the length of the first inner compartment (130).

8. The energy handling system (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the at least one flexible-container (160) is an elongated balloon fixed at both ends in the first inner compartment (130).

9. The energy handling system (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein supporting elements (400) are present in the first inner compartment (130), for delaying or avoiding contact of the at least one flexible container (160) and a wall of the first inner compartment (130) or a wall in the first inner compartment (130) and / or contact between different positions on the at least one flexible container (160).

10. The energy handling system (1) according to claim 9, wherein the supporting elements (400) are configured with respect to the flexible container (160) so that the flexible container follows a meandering path.

11. The energy handling system (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the flexible container (160) has an accordeon like shape.

12. The energy handling system (1) according to any of the previous claims, the at least one flexible container (160) being a plurality of flexible containers (560a, 560b, 560c, ...), the system (1) comprising a plurality of second inner compartments (530a, 530b, 530c, ...) embedded in the first inner compartment (130), wherein each flexible container (560a, 560b, 560c, ...) is mounted in a respective second inner compartment (530a, 530b, 530c, ...) so as to form in its second inner compartment a hermetically sealed volume (570a, 570b, 570c, ...) between the wall of the flexible container (560a, 560b, 560c, ...) and the wall of the respective second inner compartment (530a, 530b, 530c, ...), each hermetically sealed volume (570a, 570b, 570c, ...) being filled with the first substance (110), each flexible container (560a, 560b, 560c, ...) being configured for controllably being filled with the flexible-container fluid (180), the at least one further heat exchange unit (200, 300) being in fluidic connection with respectively each of the flexible containers (560a, 560b, 560c, ...) and / or the hermetically sealed volumes (570a, 570b, 570c, ...) for circulating respectively the flexible-container fluid (180) and / or the first substance (110) over the at least one further heat exchange unit (200, 300).

13. The energy handling system (1) according to claim 11, wherein the different flexible containers (560a, 560b, 560c,...) respectively (the hermetically sealed volumes (570a, 570b, 570c,...) are connected in series with each other or in parallel with each other.

14. The energy handling system (1) according to claim 11, wherein the walls of the second inner compartments (530a, 530b, 530c,...) are substantially thinner than the wall of the first inner compartment (130).

15. The energy handling system (1) according to claim 14, wherein the system furthermore comprises an equalisation system for equalising the pressure in a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment on the one hand and the pressure in the flexible containers (560a, 560b, 560c, ...) on the other hand, or wherein a volume between the second inner compartments and the wall of the first inner compartment is in fluidic connection with the flexible containers (560a, 560b, 560c, ...) and hence also filled with the flexible-container fluid (180).

Images