Screening system with safety nets in building works.

Abstract

Screening system with safety mesh in building works, which being applicable in perimeters of floor slabs (1), is characterized in that it is constituted from a plurality of vertical posts (2) stabilized on one or more floor slabs (1) of different heights by means of horizontal profiles (4-4') provided with lugs (6) for support on the floor slab (1), profiles that are terminated at one of their ends in a fork (10) susceptible of being selectively screwed onto two pairs of alignments of transverse and opposing holes (5) distributed on the vertical posts (2), the latter having a modular character that can be stacked vertically by means of intermediate joining pieces (7) provided with hinge and locking means, vertical posts (2) in which brackets (9) associated with the vertices of the safety meshes (3) can be selectively attached through the holes (5).

Description

Screening system with safety nets in building works TECHNICAL SECTOR The present invention relates to a safety netting system developed for use in building works, intended to protect workers from falls from heights and prevent objects from falling to lower levels or onto public roads. The object of the invention is to provide an easy-to-assemble shielding system that drastically reduces the risks of falling objects and personnel, with an improved aesthetic that affects the public perception of the safety and professionalism of the construction company, all with a reusable character. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the practical application of the invention, the obligation to include safety systems in construction projects to prevent falls of people and objects is defined by current legislation on occupational risk prevention and occupational safety and health. Companies must plan, implement and monitor these measures, which include safety elements such as railings and safety nets, as well as personal protective equipment. However, the way these nets are fixed leaves much to be desired, using different elements available on site or that are specially assembled, making them difficult to reuse, with processes that require several operators and a high operating time, resulting in structures that are not homogeneous, which affects the public perception of the safety and professionalism of the construction company. EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION The proposed system of safety netting in building construction fully and satisfactorily resolves the aforementioned problem, based on a simple but effective solution. To this end, and more specifically, the system of the invention involves three fundamental elements: • Vertical metal posts. • Safety nets. • Joining and reinforcement accessories. The vertical metal posts are temporarily anchored to the floor slab of the building under construction, with the possibility of vertical displacement as the work progresses. At the same time, the safety nets will be made of high-tenacity polypropylene or polyethylene, fire-resistant and weather-resistant, which act as a continuous physical barrier on the edges of the slabs. For their part, the joining and reinforcement accessories are designed to adapt to diverse geometries: straight edges, outside corners, inside corners and corners. The system allows for complete or partial vertical screening, with variable heights between approximately 2 and 10M, and the possibility of including auxiliary platforms or collection nets. The design allows for continuous perimeter protection along all working levels, both left / right and up / down. According to another of the essential characteristics of the invention, the shielding system has a modular, liftable character that allows it to accompany the growth of the structure without the need for complete dismantling, optimizing time and safety. More specifically, the connection between the posts is designed to be achieved through automatic hinges, allowing the posts to be installed from inside the slab without requiring workers to go to the edge. After all the components are installed, the post is pushed outwards from inside the slab using one of the braces until it is vertical and automatically locks into place by gravity. This advantage is also used for disassembly, because the system can be folded inwards making it easier to reach the parts that we are going to disassemble. As for the anchoring means, these have been developed in such a way that no drilling of the slab is required, determining a mechanical fixing system that does not compromise the integrity of the slab and that is reusable. Thanks to its light weight and a quick anchoring system, assembly can be carried out without additional crane assistance, reducing labor costs and waiting times. All elements of the system are designed to adapt equally well to straight edges, corners and nooks, simplifying inventory, reducing assembly errors and improving on-site logistics, giving it a universal character. In this way, all components can be used in multiple phases and projects, without compromising their safety conditions. The system is compatible with both cast-in-place and prefabricated concrete structures. As for the materials used, these will be lightweight and resistant; UV-treated meshes with high resistance and low aerodynamic load have been selected. Finally, it only remains to point out that the system design can be integrated into digital environments for planning and control. From this structure, the following advantages are derived, in the different areas that are explained below: Workplace safety: • Drastic reduction of the risk of falls from heights (>70% compared to traditional solutions). • Almost total elimination of the risk of objects falling outside, especially in urban environments. Operational efficiency: • Time savings in assembly and disassembly (up to 50%). • Greater freedom of movement and accessibility at the edges of the slab. • It can be assembled without the need for a crane. Image of the artwork: • Improved aesthetics compared to improvised systems or external scaffolding. • Improvement in the public perception of the safety and professionalism of the construction company. Sustainability: • Reuse of components in multiple projects. Safety and prevention: • Minimizes the risk of falls from height, especially on the first open floor levels. • Complies with the safety requirements set out in European regulations (EN 1337 - Class A or B, depending on configuration). Savings in time and labor: • Quick assembly and disassembly, even by a single operator, thanks to simplified fixing systems. • It does not require complex tools or special lifting equipment. Versatility and logistical efficiency: • A single type of mesh and structure serves the entire geometry of the building, reducing the complexity of provisioning and avoiding delays due to compatibility errors. • It takes up little storage space on site and in transport. Improvement in the organization of the work: • By preventing materials from falling, it improves cleanliness and order in the lower passage areas. • It reinforces the image of professionalism and commitment to safety of the developer or construction company. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To complement the description that follows and to aid in a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is included as an integral part of said description, in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a screen system with safety nets in building works carried out in accordance with the object of the present invention. Figures 2 and 3 show enlarged details of the set in Figure 1 in different areas of the slabs. Figure 4 shows a detailed profile of the installation. Figure 5 shows another detail in profile of the installation. Figure 6 shows, finally, a perspective detail of the hinge means provided for the joining elements between vertical posts. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION In view of the figures described, it can be observed how the system of the invention is intended to be temporarily installed in floor slabs (1), without the need to machine said existing floor slabs, whose outer edge has a series of vertical posts (2) that serve as means of fixing safety meshes (3), vertical posts (2) that are stabilized on the floor slab by means of horizontal profiles (4-4), which are finished at one of their ends in a fork (10) susceptible of being selectively screwed onto two pairs of alignments of transverse and opposing holes (5), distributed on the vertical post (2), which allows the structure to be adapted to several levels of floor slabs by means of longitudinal coupling of two or more vertical posts (2) by means of intermediate joining pieces (7). These intermediate joining pieces (7), as shown in Figure 6, take the form of a kind of hinge equipped with vertical locking means that allow the posts to be mounted from inside the slab without the need for the workers to go out to the edge to mount them. Thus, after all the accessories are installed, one of the braces is pushed outwards from inside the slab until the post (2) is vertical and the hinge locks automatically by gravity. This folding capacity is also used for dismantling, in order to improve safety conditions. The horizontal profiles (4-4) that rest on the upper face of the slab can be stabilized by means of ballasts associated with lugs (6) provided on their sides. The assembly can be stabilized in parallel by means of diagonal braces (8), which can be attached to the holes (5). According to another feature, the holes (5) of the vertical posts (2) are also susceptible to being fitted by plugging in brackets (9) associated with the vertices of the safety nets (3), all of which greatly facilitates the assembly and disassembly process of the system. As previously stated, the safety nets (3) will be made of high-tenacity polypropylene or polyethylene, fire-resistant and UV-resistant, defining a continuous physical barrier at the edges of the slabs (1). The system thus described is designed to adapt equally well to straight edges, corners and angles, simplifying inventory, reducing assembly errors and improving on-site logistics, giving it a universal character. The structure thus described allows it to be assembled by a single person, all with a universal character that is easily reusable. In short, the invention's system offers an innovative and efficient solution for improving safety conditions on construction sites, while also providing logistical, economic, and environmental advantages. Its progressive implementation in medium- and large-scale projects represents a firm commitment to occupational risk prevention and technological advancement in the construction sector.

Claims

1. A screening system with safety netting in building works, applicable to the perimeters of floor slabs (1), characterized by being constituted from a plurality of vertical posts (2) stabilized on one or more floor slabs (1) of different heights by means of horizontal profiles (4-4') ​​equipped with lugs (6) for support on the floor slab (1), profiles that terminate at one end in a fork (10) capable of being selectively screwed onto pairs of alignments of transverse and opposing holes (5) distributed on the vertical posts (2), the latter having a modular character that can be stacked vertically by means of intermediate joining pieces (7) equipped with hinge and locking means, vertical posts (2) on which brackets (9) associated with the vertices of the safety netting (3) can be selectively attached through the holes (5). 2.A safety netting system for building construction sites, according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes additional reinforcement elements in the form of diagonal braces (8), which can be attached to the holes (5) provided in the vertical posts (1).

3. A safety netting system for building construction sites, according to claim 1, characterized in that the safety nets (3) are made of high-tenacity polypropylene or polyethylene, fire-retardant and UV-resistant.