Prefabricated modular balcony

Abstract

A prefabricated modular balcony that can be attached to the floor slabs (F) of a pre-existing building lacking such an element, characterized in that it comprises: - a lower cantilever (1), which in turn comprises: an inclined and operable base (5) for user support; joists (6) located on a lower face of the base (5) for absorbing tensile forces; and a first anchor plate (7), attached to a rear end of the base (5), arranged perpendicularly to said rear end and attachable to the floor slab (F) of the building, by means of connections (8); - an upper closure (2), which in turn comprises: an inclined and operable roof (9); and a second anchor plate (10), attached to a rear end of the roof (9), arranged perpendicularly to said rear end, and attachable to the floor slab (F) of the building, by means of connections (8); - braces (3) that connect the cantilever (1) to the enclosure (2), and consist of tensioning elements that provide strength and resistance to the modular balcony; and - a railing (11) for the front and side enclosure of the cantilever (1).

Description

Prefabricated modular balcony OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention falls within the technical field of building, more specifically in that of balconies, and refers in particular to a prefabricated modular balcony that allows providing a balcony or terrace to pre-existing buildings whose original construction did not include this element. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent times, balconies and terraces have once again become an important and valued space in homes. In fact, to encourage their inclusion in construction projects, some public administrations, such as the Basque Country's regional government in its upcoming Habitability Decree, will require that new homes, or those undergoing comprehensive renovations, have a terrace with a minimum area of ​​4 square meters. Furthermore, balconies will no longer be included in the calculation of the home's usable floor area. In the current state of the art, several documents are known relating to modules and construction procedures designed to add terraces and balconies to the facades of existing buildings that previously lacked such features. For example, Spanish patent ES2235683T3 refers to a balcony that can be easily attached to an object, which could be any structure such as a building, a ship, etc. The invention comprises a prefabricated balcony unit with its end face facing a structure equipped with a connecting profile. The structure is fitted in desired positions to retaining profiles complementary to said connecting profile for attaching the prefabricated unit to the structure. Another example can be found in document ES1044239U, relating to a prefabricated piece for the reconstruction of balconies; characterized by having a molded concrete slab, substantially flat, in which coplanar iron beams are partially embedded; this slab is finished on the front, and optionally on the sides of the piece, with a longitudinal thickening that protrudes above the upper surface of the slab. One end of the beams protrudes from the rear side of the concrete slab in order to allow its embedment in the facade of a building. A final example can be found in patent EP2989262, relating to a balcony for an existing building that has a plurality of studs, each with a first coupling portion. The balcony has a plurality of second coupling portions which, when engaged with the first coupling portions, firmly connect the balcony to the building and cause the weight of the balcony to be supported by the building. Preferably, no further connections are required to secure the balcony to the building. The balcony may comprise a frame structure to which hook-shaped second coupling portions can be welded. The hook may be formed by two projecting portions with a recessed portion between them. There is a need for prefabricated modular balconies that allow this element to be added to existing buildings in a simple and economical way, without compromising structural strength and stability. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a prefabricated modular balcony that allows for the addition of a balcony or terrace to existing buildings whose original construction did not include such a feature. The elements of the modular balcony are attached to the floor slab, which acts as a support for the structural anchoring. The modular balcony comprises a lower cantilever, an upper enclosure, tie rods connecting the two, and a railing. Both the cantilever and the upper enclosure can be attached to the building's floor slab. The lower cantilever is intended to act as a support element for the user, and in turn comprises a horizontal base, with a walkable upper face and a lower face in which there are located triangular lateral elevation beams anchorable in the building's floor slab. The upper enclosure acts as the balcony roof, and therefore has dimensions essentially similar to those of the lower overhang. This upper enclosure is designed to be walkable and also includes a perimeter trim that acts as a drip edge and a lower decorative enclosure, accessible to allow for maintenance of installations. The braces extend between the upper closure and the lower overhang, providing strength to the structure. Their dimensions depend on the overhang and the load the balcony is expected to bear. All the aforementioned elements are made of metallic material with treatments to prevent deterioration due to the external atmospheric conditions. Regarding the anchoring, the structural components will be joined using bolts. The connection to the building's concrete slabs will be achieved using high-strength metal anchors specifically designed for concrete. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To complement the description being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is included as an integral part of said description, in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented: Figure 1.- Shows a front perspective view of the prefabricated modular balcony, linked to the facade slab of a building. Figure 2.- Shows a bottom perspective view of the prefabricated modular balcony. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION A detailed explanation of an example of a preferred embodiment of the object of the present invention is then provided with the help of the figures referred to above. The prefabricated modular balcony described here is designed to provide a balcony or terrace to existing buildings whose original construction lacks this feature. To achieve this, the modular balcony elements are connected to the building's existing floor slabs (F), which act as supports for structural anchoring. The modular balcony, shown in figures 1 and 2, comprises a lower cantilever (1), an upper enclosure (2), and braces (3) that connect the cantilever (1) to the enclosure (2). All these elements are made of metal materials suitably treated to prevent deterioration due to outdoor conditions. The lower cantilever (1) comprises a user-friendly base (5) with a slight incline from the horizontal to allow rainwater runoff. As shown in Figure 2, triangular-shaped joists (6) are located on the underside of the base (5) to absorb tensile forces. A first anchor plate (7) is connected to the building's floor slab (F) by means of connectors (8) to anchor the cantilever (1) to the building structure. In this preferred embodiment, the connectors (8) are high-strength metal anchors specifically designed for concrete. As can be seen in the attached figures, the first anchor plate (7) is perpendicular to the rear end of the base (5) to face the slab (F) of the building. The upper closure (2) comprises, for its part, a roof (9), inclined and operable, and a second anchor plate (10), perpendicular to a rear end of the roof (9) and through which the closure (2) is linked to the floor slab (F) of the building, by means of the aforementioned joints (8). The braces (3) connect the cantilever (1) to the enclosure (2), and consist of tensioning elements that provide strength and resistance to the modular balcony. In this preferred embodiment, as can be seen in Figure 1, the balcony comprises two braces (3) arranged in a triangular configuration. A railing (11) closes off the lower overhang (1) from the front and side to prevent falls from the balcony. Finally, a door (4) allows access to the overhang (1) from inside the building, for which an opening must be made in the facade.

Claims

1. A prefabricated modular balcony that can be attached to the floor slabs (F) of a pre-existing building lacking such an element, characterized in that it comprises: - a lower cantilever (1), which in turn comprises: an inclined and operable base (5) for user support; joists (6) located on a lower face of the base (5) for absorbing tensile forces; and a first anchor plate (7), attached to a rear end of the base (5), arranged perpendicularly to said rear end and attachable to the floor slab (F) of the building, by means of connections (8); - an upper closure (2), which in turn comprises: an inclined and operable roof (9); and a second anchor plate (10), attached to a rear end of the roof (9), arranged perpendicularly to said rear end, and attachable to the floor slab (F) of the building, by means of connections (8);- Braces (3) connecting the cantilever (1) to the enclosure (2), consisting of tensioning elements that provide strength and resistance to the modular balcony; and - a railing (11) for the front and side enclosure of the cantilever (1).

2. Modular balcony according to claim 1, wherein the joists (6) have a triangular side profile.

3. Modular balcony according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the joints (8) are high-strength metal anchors specifically designed for concrete.

4. Modular balcony according to any of the preceding claims, comprising two braces (3) arranged in a triangular configuration.

5. Modular balcony according to any of the preceding claims, wherein all its elements are made of metal with treatments to prevent deterioration due to external atmospheric conditions.