Infant nutrition that provides metabolic benefits

Abstract

A complementary nutrient composition characterized by a low glycemic load for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life, wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity, particularly central obesity, and microalbuminuria. where the composition is characterized by a low glycemic index and / or comprises an ingredient characterized by a low glycemic index, where it is indicated that a low glycemic load has a glycemic load equal to or less than 20, where it is indicated that a low glycemic index has a glycemic index equal to or less than 70, where later in life refers to the period of time after childhood, that is, after the age of 12, wherein the composition comprises at least one carbohydrate-based ingredient with a low glycemic index selected from the group consisting of: resistant starches, lactose, isomaltulose, galactose, and fructose, wherein the composition is administered to an infant or young child at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder and where the composition comprises an amount of added sugars with a low glycemic index ranging from 1 to % w / w.

Description

Infant nutrition that provides metabolic benefits Technical field of the invention The present invention relates to a nutritive composition for the complementary feeding period for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of a metabolic syndrome disorder that appears later in life. Background of the invention Data from observational studies suggest that postprandial glycemia is implicated in the development of obesity and chronic metabolic disease such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in adults. It is also known that a high / prolonged insulin response is related to insulin resistance and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adults. Although a large amount of data is available on the glycemic index (GI) of different foods and their potential health impact on adults, especially diabetics, much less is known in the case of babies / children, especially healthy ones. The prenatal and early postnatal periods are now recognized as critical windows for early programming. It is also recognized that suboptimal nutrition during critical developmental periods can induce long-term alterations in organ structure or function, which may predispose individuals to subsequent chronic diseases. In particular, there is evidence that prenatal and early postnatal nutrition (breastfeeding) plays a role in determining susceptibility to developing one or more metabolic syndrome disorders later in life (see, for example, Srinivasan M. et al, "A high carbohydrate diet in the immediate postnatal life of rats induces adaptations predisposing to adult-onset obesity," Journal of Endocrinology (2008), 197, 565-574). However, very little is known about the long-term metabolic effect of foods intended for the complementary feeding period and subsequent feeding of young children (age < 3 years). Document EP2474239A1 describes a kit of dietary compositions for children during the age period of 6 to 36 months or for part thereof, wherein the macronutrient content of the compositions gradually changes in a straight line from a composition comprising approximately 40-50% energy from fat and approximately 40-49% energy from carbohydrates for children at the age of 6 months to a composition comprising approximately 30-35% energy from fat and approximately 50-55% energy from carbohydrates for children at the age of 36 months, and its use for preventing obesity later in life. Therefore, a nutritional composition for administration during the complementary feeding period that reduces the risk of developing metabolic syndrome disorders later in life would be advantageous. There is a particular need for specific nutritional compositions that can be administered during particular intervention windows in early childhood and that may be able to reduce the risk, prevent, or lessen the severity of suboptimal health conditions commonly associated with metabolic syndromes, such as overweight, obesity, diabetes, or even cardiovascular disease. There is a particular need for these infants, who are at higher risk of developing such suboptimal conditions, for example, due to their genetic inheritance, their parents' health conditions, or their difficult early development. There is also a need for nutritional formulas to be administered during specific intervention windows in early childhood, where the macronutrients present in the formula would be optimized according to the latest nutritional recommendations. Therefore, in one embodiment, a nutritional composition for administration during the complementary feeding period would be advantageous if it were nutritionally balanced and reduced the risk of developing metabolic syndrome disorders later in life. Summary of the invention The present inventors have surprisingly demonstrated that rats fed a diet characterized by a low glycemic index and low glycemic load during the complementary feeding period experienced a protective effect against impaired glucose homeostasis and insulin response, even when adult rats were exposed to an adipogenic diet. Conversely, rats fed a diet with a higher glycemic index and glycemic load during the complementary feeding period as pups were not protected. Accordingly, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a complementary nutrient composition characterized by a low glycemic load and / or index for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. The present invention relates to a supplemental nutritional composition according to claim 1 characterized by a low glycemic load, for use in the treatment, prevention and / or reduction of the risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life, wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of diabetes mellitus, in particular type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity, particularly central obesity, and microalbuminuria, wherein the composition is characterized by a low glycemic index and / or comprises an ingredient characterized by a low glycemic index, wherein a low glycemic load is defined as having a glycemic load equal to or less than 20.where it is indicated that a low glycemic index has a glycemic index equal to or less than 70, where later in life refers to the period of time after childhood, i.e., after 12 years of age, where the composition comprises at least one carbohydrate-based ingredient with a low glycemic index selected from the group consisting of: resistant starches, lactose, isomaltulose, galactose, and fructose, where the composition is administered to an infant or young child at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder, and where the composition comprises an amount of added sugars with a low glycemic index ranging from 1 to 30% w / w. In another aspect, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition according to claim 10, a complementary nutrient composition characterized by a low glycemic load for use in the treatment, prevention and / or reduction of the risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life, comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 90% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 20% w / w, for example, between 5 and 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 25% w / w, preferably 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w, preferably 1.5 to 10% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 0 to 40% w / w, preferably 5 to 40% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w, where it is indicated that a low glycemic load has a glycemic load equal to or less than 20, and where it is indicated that a low glycemic index has a glycemic index equal to or less than 70, where later in life refers to the period of time after childhood, i.e., after 12 years of age, where the composition is administered to an infant or young child at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder. In a further aspect, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient set comprising a complementary nutrient composition according to the claims, for use in the treatment, prevention and / or reduction of the risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life, wherein the composition is administered to an infant or young child at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder. Brief description of the figures Figure 1 shows a diagram of the experimental design of the study described in Example 1. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the body weight observed in the different groups of example 1 from day 0 to day 21. Figure 3 shows energy intake diagrams for the three groups in Example 1 during the intervention complementary feeding period (phase I) and the follow-up period (phase II). Figure 4 shows the diagrams of the initial blood glucose levels after 8 hours of fasting for the three groups of the experiment described in Example 1. Figure 5 shows the diagrams of the initial blood insulin levels after 8 hours of fasting for the three groups of the experiment described in Example 1. Figure 6 shows the increase in postprandial glucose in response to the products analyzed in example 9. Figure 7 shows the increase in postprandial insulin in response to the products analyzed in example 9. Figure 8 shows the area under the glucose curve (AIBC) of prototypes 1 and 2 from example 7 relative to the AIBC of glucose from the reference product of the same example. Figure 9 shows the AIBC of insulin from prototypes 1 and 2 of Example 9 relative to the AIBC of insulin from the reference product of the same example. Detailed description of the invention Definitions Before analyzing the present invention in further detail, the following terms and conventions will first be defined: In the context of the present invention, the percentages mentioned are weight / weight percentages unless otherwise indicated. The term "and / or" used in the context of "X and / or Y" should be interpreted as "X", or "Y", or "X and". Numerical ranges, as used herein, are intended to include every number and subset of numbers contained within that range, whether specifically disclosed or not. Furthermore, these numerical ranges should be construed as providing support for a claim directed to any number or subset of numbers in that range. For example, a disclosure of 1 to 10 should be construed as supporting a range of 1 to 8, 3 to 7, 4 to 9, 3.6 to 4.6, 3.5 to 9.9, and so forth. All references to singular features or limitations of the present invention shall include the corresponding plural feature or limitation, and vice versa, unless otherwise specified or clearly implied by the context in which the reference is made. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this description have the same meaning as commonly understood by an expert in the field. The term "infant" refers to a child under 12 months of age. The term "toddler" refers to a child older than 12 months and up to 5 years of age (including toddlers). The expression "child" generally means a human up to eighteen years of age. A "preterm" or "premature" infant is a young child who was not born at term. Generally, this refers to an infant born before the completion of 37 weeks of gestation. The expression "full-term infant" indicates an infant born after 37 weeks of gestation. In the context of the present invention, the term "low birth weight" indicates a newborn's body weight below 2500 g (5.5 lbs), either as a result of premature birth (i.e., before 37 weeks of gestation) and / or due to restricted fetal growth. In the context of the present invention, the term "small for gestational age" (SGA) refers to infants with a birth weight below the 10th percentile for infants of the same gestational age. The term "postnatal period" refers to the period that begins immediately after the birth of a child and lasts for approximately six weeks. The term "nutritive composition" means a composition that nourishes the subject. This nutritive composition is usually intended for enteral, oral, parenteral, or intravenous administration, and typically includes one or more nutrients selected from: a lipid or fat source, a protein source, and a carbohydrate source. Preferably, a nutritive composition is for oral use. The term "synthetic composition" means a mixture obtained by chemical and / or biological means, which may be chemically identical to the mixture that occurs naturally in the milk of mammals. In one embodiment of the present invention, the supplemental nutrient composition is a synthetic composition. The term "infant formula" means a food intended for particular nutritional uses by infants during the first four to six months of life and which in itself satisfies the nutritional requirements of this category of person (Article 1.2 of European Commission Directive 91 / 321 / EEC of 14 May 1991 on infant formula and follow-on formula). The expression "follow-up formula" means a food intended for particular nutritional uses by infants over four months of age and which constitutes the main liquid element in the diet of this category of person that is progressively diversified. Within the context of the present invention, the term "growing-up milk" (GUM) refers to a nutritious formula that can be given to children over 12 months of age, in some cases after discontinuing infant formula. "Growing-up milks" (or GUMs) are administered from one year of age onward. Generally, it is a milk-based beverage adapted to the specific nutritional needs of young children. In the present context, the term "infant cereal product" refers to a cereal product specifically designed for babies to provide the necessary nutritional support for the baby. The expression "baby food" means a food product intended for particular nutritional uses by infants during the first years of life. The term "fortifying" refers to suitable nutrient compositions, liquid or solid, for mixing with breast milk or infant formula. "Breast milk" should be understood as the mother's breast milk or colostrum (=Human Breast Milk=HBM). The term "complementary feeding period" refers to the process of gradually introducing a mammalian infant to what will be its adult diet and supplementing the supply of breast milk with solid foods. For humans, the complementary feeding period generally begins between 4 and 6 months of age and is considered to be over once the infant is no longer fed any breast milk (or infant formula), usually at 24 months. In one embodiment, the complementary feeding period is between 4 (e.g., 6) months and 24 (e.g., 18) months of age. The term "complementary nutrient composition" or "a nutrient composition for the complementary feeding period" refers to a nutrient composition, as defined above, that is designed to be administered to an infant or young child at or after the start of the complementary feeding period. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition is administered during the complementary feeding period. This nutrient composition is usually for enteral, oral, parenteral, or intravenous administration and typically includes a source of lipids or fats, a source of protein, and a source of carbohydrates. Optionally, these nutrient compositions also include vitamins and minerals. Preferably, a nutrient composition is for oral administration.Non-limiting examples of complementary nutrient compositions include infant cereal products, follow-on formula, growing-up milks, and baby food. Infant cereal products can be grouped into two main categories: whole grain cereal products, which must be reconstituted with water as they contain all the necessary nutrients to be supplied with food; and standard grain cereal products, which must be reconstituted with milk, infant formula, follow-on formula, and / or growing-up milks. The term "reducing the risk of" means that the event is less likely to occur compared to the appropriate and usual reference (such as a general population or normal weight infants or young children). The term "prevention" means that the event or disorder is prevented from occurring, either completely or partially (i.e., it occurs in a milder form and / or occurs later). The term prevention also includes a reduction in the severity of the event or disorder (or health condition), a reduction in the frequency of occurrence of such events or disorders, or a delaying effect on such events or disorders. The terms "normal weight / overweight / underweight" refer to internationally recognized charts for the weight of infants, toddlers and children, and are based in particular on the subject's age. The term "glycemic index" (GI) in the context of the present invention refers to a number associated with a particular type of food / composition and / or ingredient that indicates the effect of the food on a person's blood glucose level. A value of 100 represents the standard, an equivalent amount of pure glucose. The GI represents the total rise in a person's blood sugar level after consumption of the food / composition / ingredient. The glycemic index of a food is defined as the area under the curve of the two-hour blood glucose response (AUC) after a 12-hour fast and the ingestion of a food with a certain amount of available carbohydrates (usually 50 g). The AUC of rise of the test food is divided by the AUC of rise of the standard (both glucose and white bread, which gives two different definitions) and multiplied by 100.The average GI value is calculated from data collected from 10 human subjects. Both the standard and test foods must contain the same amount of available carbohydrates. The result provides a relative ranking for each food analyzed. Currently validated methods use glucose as the reference food, giving it a glycemic index value of 100 by definition. The glycemic index of a food ingredient or composition can be measured according to the method described in ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 26642:2010 (en). Tables are available in the literature that list various types of food and their GIs (see, for example: "International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2002', Foster-Powell et al., The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2002, 76: 5 56) In one embodiment, when reference is made to the GI in the context of the present invention, it refers to the GI for that specific ingredient or food that has been measured in healthy adult subjects. In the context of the present invention, the term "glycemic load" (GL) of food is a number that calculates the extent to which a portion of a food composition will raise a person's blood glucose level after consumption. The glycemic load indicates the amount of carbohydrates present in a portion of food and how much each gram of carbohydrate in that portion raises blood glucose levels. The glycemic load is based on the glycemic index (GI) of the ingredients in the food composition and is calculated by multiplying the grams of available carbohydrates in the food by the GI of those carbohydrates and then dividing the result by 100. The glycemic load in a portion of food with different types and amounts of available carbohydrates (CHO) is calculated as the sum of (GI of available CHO A per portion x weight of CHO A in the food) + (GI of available CHO B x weight of CHO B per portion in the food) + the same for each available CHO in the food / 100. The appropriate portion size would be obvious to someone skilled in the technique for each type of food. For guidance, the following are illustrative portion sizes for use in calculating the CG for infants: Complete infant cereal (which is reconstituted in 150 ml of water) = 50 g Standard infant cereal (which is reconstituted in 160 ml of infant formula) = 25 g Infant formula = 100 ml Baby food = 100 g. In the context of the present invention, the term "glucose response" (GR) indicates the postprandial blood glycemic response (change in blood concentration) obtained by ingesting a portion of food and performing the measurement after consuming a portion of food, regardless of the amount of carbohydrates available. The glucose response can be measured as described below: - The glucose concentration in the blood samples (capillary) is analyzed using a calibrated YSI 2300 Stat Plus glucose and lactate analyzer. - The increase in blood glucose concentration at a different time point (15 to 120 minutes after the intake of the test meals) is calculated by reducing the initial value (blood glucose before the intake of the test meals) of each value. - The total rise under the two-hour blood glucose response curve (AIBC) is calculated using the trapezoidal rule. - The results can be expressed as the % response in relation to a reference product. In the context of the present invention, the term "insulin index" (II) refers to a number associated with a particular type of food / composition and / or ingredient that indicates the effect of the food on a person's blood insulin level. The index is similar to the glycemic index (GI), but instead of relying on blood glucose, the II is based on blood insulin levels. The II can be calculated based on the increase in plasma insulin concentration 2 hours after consuming a test food compared to an isoenergetic food (1000 kJ bread) or after consuming a test food with 50 g of available carbohydrates (compared to 50 g of glucose). The insulin index of a food ingredient or composition can be measured in accordance with the method described in the article "An insulin index of food: the insulin demand generated by 100 kJ portions of common foods", Holt HA S. et al, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1997; 66; 1264-76) In the context of the present invention, the term "insulin response" (IR) indicates the postprandial blood insulin response at 2 hours (change in concentration) obtained with the amount of the analyzed food or food ingested and measured as the plasma insulin curve after consumption of a test food compared to a suitable reference. The insulin response can be measured as described below: - The concentration of insulin in plasma is measured using the human insulin immunoassay kit. - The increase in plasma insulin concentration at different time points was calculated as explained above for glucose (in RG); - The % response with respect to the reference product can be calculated as explained above for glucose. The expression "nutritional composition characterized by a low glycemic index" in the context of the present invention indicates a nutritional composition having a glycemic index equal to or less than 70. For example, the glycemic index of such nutritional composition may in one embodiment be less than or equal to 65, less than or equal to 60, less than or equal to 55, less than or equal to 50. The expression is intended as opposed to "nutritional composition characterized by a high glycemic index" which indicates a nutritional composition with a glycemic index greater than 70. The expression "ingredient with a low glycemic index" in the context of the present invention indicates a food ingredient with a glycemic index equal to or less than 70. For example, the glycemic index of such a carbohydrate-based ingredient may in one embodiment be less than or equal to 65, less than or equal to 60, less than or equal to 55, less than or equal to 50, less than or equal to 45. In the context of the present invention, the expression "nutritional composition characterized by a low glycemic load" or "low glycemic load nutritional composition" indicates a nutritional composition having a glycemic load equal to or less than 20. The expression is intended as opposed to "nutritional composition characterized by a high glycemic load," which indicates a nutritional composition with a glycemic index greater than 20. For example, the glycemic load of such a low glycemic load nutritional composition may, in one embodiment, be less than or equal to 19, less than or equal to 17, or less than or equal to 15. In one embodiment, the glycemic load has a value that varies from 15 to 20, for example, from 16 to 19. The expression "carbohydrate-based ingredient" or "carbohydrate-based ingredients" in the context of the present invention indicates a food ingredient consisting of or comprising one or more carbohydrates. Non-limiting examples of carbohydrate-based ingredients include: cereal flours (e.g., whole grain or refined corn, wheat, rice, oat flour), cereal starches (e.g., corn, wheat, oat, rice), sugars [honey, monosaccharides (such as galactose, fructose, glucose), disaccharides (such as sucrose, lactose, isomaltulose, maltose)], oligosaccharides (fructooligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides, gluco-oligosaccharides, maltodextrins), polysaccharides (e.g., resistant starches), fibers (soluble and insoluble), legumes [e.g., green lentils, red lentils, yellow lentils, mung beans, black-eyed peas, chickpeas, butter beans, black-eyed peas, kidney beans, peas, pigeon peas, soybeans,beans and white beans, black beans, soybeans, peas, lupins, broad beans, mung beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, lentils (red, yellow, green), carob, white / green / black / red beans, white beans, lima beans, pinto beans, pigeon peas, black chickpea seeds, carioquinha beans, bámbara beans (Vigna subterranea), jicama, canola flour, ground flaxseed, chestnut flour], fruit, milk-based ingredients (e.g., skimmed or whole milk powder). The terms "sugar" or "sugars" in the context of the present invention comprise available monosaccharides (e.g., galactose, fructose, glucose), available disaccharides (e.g., sucrose, lactose, isomaltulose, maltose), or mixtures thereof. In the context of the present invention, the term "added sugar" indicates a main ingredient or one wholly made of sugar that is added to the complementary nutritive composition and whose sugar content contributes to the total sugar content of the composition. The total sugar content of the supplemental nutrient composition is provided by the sum of the amount of sugar naturally present in the ingredients used in the recipe (e.g., cereal flour), any sugars that may be produced during processing, plus the amount of added sugar. As will be evident to a person skilled in the art, the total amount of sugars will also include any amount of sugar that may be released from the ingredients used in the recipe during processing due to the specific conditions employed (e.g., partial hydrolysis of starch). The determination of the total sugars in the supplemental nutrient composition according to the invention can be carried out using methods well known to a person skilled in the art. For example, to quantify total sugars in infant cereal products, the following method can be used: The quantification of mono- and disaccharides in infant cereal samples can be performed by weighing a 1-3 ± 0.001 gram sample into a 100 mL volumetric flask and adding 60 mL of demineralized water. The mono- and disaccharides in the samples are extracted by placing the flasks in a 70 °C water bath for 20 minutes with constant stirring. The samples are then cooled to room temperature, and more demineralized water is added to the mark on each volumetric flask. The flasks, which are then sealed with stoppers, are vigorously shaken. The samples are then filtered through pleated filter paper (No. 597, 150 mm) and through a 0.2 µm HPLC filter before injection (25 mm, 8825-P-2 Infochroma AG).A solution containing monomeric glucose, dimeric lactose, sucrose, maltose, isomaltulose, and maltooligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization ranging from 3-7 is prepared as the standard for peak identification and quantification of saccharides. The filtered samples are injected into a chromatograph after degassing the eluents (demineralized water, minimum 18 MQ / cm³; 300 mM NaOH; 500 mM NaOH with 150 mM NaOAc) by bubbling helium through the system for 20–30 min and allowing it to equilibrate. The following chromatographic conditions can be used: CarboPac PA1 column (Dionex) and protective column; 20 J L injection volume; 300 mM NaOH eluent with a flow rate of 0.6 mL / min added after the column; temperature of 22 °C. The term "milk-based ingredient" or "milk-based ingredients" in the context of the present invention identifies ingredients containing carbohydrates derived from mammalian milk, for example, cow, goat, and / or buffalo milk, or mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of such ingredients include: fresh milk, concentrated milk, milk powder, whole milk, skimmed milk, and / or semi-skimmed milk. As will be evident to the person skilled in the art, the milk-based ingredients according to the present invention can provide additional nutrients beyond carbohydrates to the complementary nutrient composition, such as proteins and fats. In the context of the present invention, the term "added sugar with a low glycemic index" refers to added sugar as defined above, characterized by having a low glycemic index. For the sake of clarity, the amount of lactose contained in any milk-based ingredient used in the recipe shall also be considered as added sugar with a low glycemic index. The terms "fiber" or "fibers" or "dietary fiber" or "dietary fibers" in the context of the present invention refer to the indigestible portion, in the small intestine, of plant-derived foods comprising two main components: soluble fiber, which dissolves in water, and insoluble fiber. Fiber mixtures are included within the scope of the terms indicated above. Soluble fiber ferments rapidly in the colon as physiologically active gases and byproducts, and may be prebiotic and viscous. Insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water, is metabolically inert, and causes bulking, or may be prebiotic and metabolically ferment in the large intestine. Chemically, dietary fiber consists of non-starch polysaccharides such as arabinoxylans, cellulose, and many other plant components such as resistant starch, resistant dextrins, inulin, lignin, chitins, pectins, beta-glucans, and oligosaccharides.Non-limiting examples of dietary fiber include prebiotic fibers such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulin, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), fruit fiber, plant fiber, cereal fiber, and resistant starch, such as high-amylose corn starch. Since fiber is not digestible, it contains no available carbohydrates and therefore does not contribute to the glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) of the food it is part of. In the context of the present invention, the term "added fiber" or "added dietary fiber" indicates a principal ingredient or one wholly composed of fiber that is added to the supplementary nutrient composition and whose fiber content contributes to the total fiber content of the composition. The total fiber content of the supplementary nutrient composition is provided by the sum of the amount of fiber naturally present in the ingredients used in the recipe (e.g., whole grain cereal flour) plus the amount of added fiber. In the context of the present invention, the term "legume" or "legumes" identifies the fruit or seed of a plant of the Fabaceae family or mixtures thereof. The best-known legumes include, among others, alfalfa, clover, peas, beans, lentils, lupins, mesquite, carob, soybeans, peanuts, and tamarind. The seed grains of such plants are generally known as "pulses" and are included within the scope of the term "pulses" according to the present invention. As will be evident to the person skilled in the art, legumes according to the present invention can provide additional nutrients beyond carbohydrates to the complementary nutrient composition, such as vitamins, minerals, plant-based proteins and / or fiber. In the context of the present invention, the term "fruit" or "fruits" refers to ingredients derived from fruit, such as, for example, fresh fruit, fruit paste, dried fruit, fruit extracts, and / or fruit centrifuges. Mixtures of such ingredients are also included within the scope of the terms indicated above. Non-limiting examples of fruits according to the present invention are: apple, apricot, banana, cherry, pear, strawberry, mango, orange, and peach. The expression "carbohydrate-based ingredient with a low glycemic index" in the context of the present invention indicates a carbohydrate-based ingredient with a glycemic index equal to or less than 70. For example, the glycemic index of said carbohydrate-based ingredient may in one embodiment be less than or equal to 65, less than or equal to 60, less than or equal to 55, less than or equal to 50, less than or equal to 45. Non-limiting examples of carbohydrate-based ingredients may include: cereal flours (e.g., whole grain or refined flour from corn, wheat, rice, oats), cereal starches (e.g., from corn, wheat, oats, rice), sugars [monosaccharides (such as galactose, fructose), disaccharides (such as sucrose, lactose, isomaltulose), oligosaccharides (fructooligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides, gluco-oligosaccharides)], polysaccharides (e.g., resistant starches), fibers (soluble and insoluble), pulses [especially legumes such as green lentils, red lentils, yellow lentils, mung beans, black-eyed peas, chickpeas, butter beans, black-eyed peas, kidney beans, peas, pigeon peas, soybeans, kidney beans, and white beans, black beans, kidney beans, and kidney beans]. soybeans, peas, lupins, broad beans, mung beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, lentils (red, yellow, green), carob, white / green / black / red beans, white beans, lima beanspinto bean, pigeon pea, black chickpea seed, potato protein isolate, carioquinha bean, bámbara bean (Vigna subterranean), jicama, canola flour, sunflower protein, hemp, flaxseed powder, chestnut flour], fruit (e.g., dried fruit or fruit paste), milk-based ingredients such as skimmed or whole milk powder. In one embodiment of the present invention, the glycemic index of the low glycemic index sugars is less than or equal to 70, less than or equal to 60, less than or equal to 45, less than or equal to 35, less than or equal to 30. In one embodiment, the GI of the low glycemic index sugars has a value ranging from 0 to 55, for example, from 0 to 40. In one embodiment, the sugar is selected, for example, from the group consisting of: galactose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, and isomaltulose. In one embodiment of the present invention, the glycemic index of the legumes is less than or equal to 55, less than or equal to 50, less than or equal to 45, less than or equal to 35, less than or equal to 30. In one embodiment, the GI of the legumes has a value that varies from 15 to 40, for example, from 20 to 35. In one embodiment of the present invention, the glycemic index of the milk-based ingredients is less than or equal to 55, less than or equal to 50, less than or equal to 45, less than or equal to 35. In one embodiment, the GI of the milk-based ingredients has a value ranging from 20 to 40, for example, from 25 to 35. In one embodiment of the present invention, the glycemic index of the fruit is less than or equal to 55, less than or equal to 50, less than or equal to 45, less than or equal to 35, or less than or equal to 30. In one embodiment, the GI of the legumes ranges from 15 to 40, for example, from 20 to 35. In one embodiment, the fruit is selected dried fruit, for example, from the group consisting of apple, apricot, banana, cherry, pear, strawberry, mango, orange, and peach. The terms "fat," "fat source," "lipid," "lipid source," or "fats" in the context of the present invention refer to an edible solid or liquid fat, or mixtures thereof. Non-limiting categories of fats include those of animal, fish, or vegetable origin.Non-limiting examples of fats that may be used in accordance with the present invention include: fish oil, cocoa butter, cocoa butter equivalents (CBE), cocoa butter substitutes (CBS), vegetable oils (e.g., sunflower seed oil, palm oil, corn oil, soybean oil, coconut oil and / or sunflower oil), and butter oils, among others. In the context of the present invention, the term "complementary nutrient set" means all food, whether in liquid or solid form, ingested daily by an infant or young child during the complementary feeding period. According to the present invention, the complementary nutrient set comprises a complementary nutrient composition characterized by and / or comprising an ingredient with a low glycemic index. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition according to the present invention provides at least 10%, for example 20%, 30%, 50%, 70%, or 90% of the total caloric content of the complementary nutrient set in which it is included. In the context of the present invention, where quantities of certain ingredients (such as, for example, sugars, fats, dietary fiber, etc.) are indicated, which may result from different constituents incorporated into the recipe, then such quantities will reflect the total content of that ingredient in the composition, regardless of the component from which they are derived. Furthermore, when the present invention refers to an "added" ingredient (such as, for example, added fibers, added sugars with a low glycemic index, etc.), then only the quantity of the component consisting mainly or entirely of that ingredient should be counted for the calculation. Composition for use A first aspect of the invention relates to a nutritive composition characterized by a low glycemic load for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life according to the claims. The invention also relates to a complementary nutrient composition characterized by a low glycemic index for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. The invention also relates to a complementary nutrient composition characterized by a low glycemic index and load for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. In one embodiment of the present invention, the complementary nutrient composition is characterized by obtaining a low glucose response in the subject who ingests it. In one embodiment of the present invention, the complementary nutrient composition is characterized by obtaining a low insulin response in the subject who ingests it. In one embodiment of the present invention, the complementary nutrient composition is characterized by obtaining a low glucose and insulin response in the subject who ingests it. In one embodiment of the present invention, the complementary nutritional composition characterized by a low glycemic index is achieved by reducing by any means the amount of a carbohydrate-based ingredient. In another aspect, the complementary nutritional composition of the present invention comprises at least one ingredient with a low glycemic index. In one embodiment, the supplementary nutritional composition according to the present invention comprises cereal flour or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the cereal flour may be refined or whole grain. In a further embodiment, the cereal flour may be refined or whole grain flour of corn, wheat, rice, oats, maize, or barley. In one embodiment, the complementary nutritive composition of the present invention comprises an amount of cereal flours ranging from 20 to 90% w / w, for example, from 20 to 70% w / w. In one embodiment, when the complementary nutrient composition is an infant cereal product, for example, a complete infant cereal product comprises an amount ranging from 30 to 55% w / w of cereal flours. In one embodiment, it comprises 0 to 30% w / w of refined flour and 0 to 55% of whole grain flours. In one embodiment, when the supplemental nutrient composition is an infant cereal product, for example, a standard infant cereal product comprises an amount ranging from 40 to 85% w / w, or 50 to 90% w / w, of cereal flours. In one embodiment, it comprises 30 to 50% w / w of refined flour and 20 to 40% of whole grain flours. In one embodiment, the supplemental nutrient composition of the present invention comprises at least one carbohydrate-based ingredient with a low glycemic index. In a further embodiment, the complementary nutritive composition of the present invention comprises at least one low glycemic index carbohydrate-based ingredient selected from the group consisting of: resistant starches, amylose, sucrose, lactose, isomaltulose, maltitol, galactose, fructose, isomalt, xylitol, and polydextrose. In one embodiment, the nutritive composition according to the present invention comprises a sugar or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the total amount of sugars in the supplementary nutrient composition according to the invention ranges from 5 to 30% w / w, preferably from 5 to 20%, for example, between 5 and 18% w / w. In one embodiment, for example, when the product is a complete infant cereal product, the total amount of sugars in the supplementary nutrient composition according to the invention ranges from 2 to 30% w / w, preferably from 2 to 25%, for example, between 5 and 25% w / w. In one embodiment, for example, when the product is a standard infant cereal product, the total amount of sugars in the complementary nutrient composition according to the invention varies from 2 to 30% w / w, preferably from 2 to 25, for example, between 5 and 20% w / w; In another embodiment, the amount of added sugars in the supplementary nutrient composition varies from 1 to 30% w / w, for example, from 1 to 20% w / w or from 5 to 15% w / w. In one embodiment, the complementary nutritional composition of the present invention comprises an amount of added sugars with a low glycemic index ranging from 1 to 30% w / w, for example, from 1 to 20% w / w or from 5 to 15% w / w. For example, the low glycemic index sugar may be selected from the group consisting of: lactose, galactose, fructose, and isomaltulose. In one embodiment, the complementary nutritive composition of the invention comprises an edible fat or mixtures thereof, for example, comprising vegetable oils (for example, rapeseed oil, palm oil, corn oil, soybean oil, coconut oil and / or sunflower oil) and / or milk-derived fats. In a further embodiment, the supplementary nutrient composition comprises fats in an amount in the range of 8 to 20% w / w of the composition, for example, ranging from 10 to 20% w / w, for example, ranging from 10 to 17% w / w, or from 10 to 15% w / w. In one embodiment, the energy supplied by the fats in the composition ranges from 22 to 40%, for example, from 27 to 38% of the total energy intake provided by the supplementary composition according to the invention. In another embodiment, the supplementary nutrient composition according to the present invention does not comprise fats. In this embodiment, the supplementary nutrient composition of the invention may be a standard cereal product as defined above. In one embodiment, the nutrient composition according to the invention comprises a dietary fiber or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the total amount of dietary fiber in the complementary nutrient composition according to the invention ranges from 0 to 25% w / w, for example, from 2 to 22% w / w; for example, from 2 to 12% w / w; for example, from 6 to 10% w / w. In another embodiment, when the complementary nutrient composition is a complete infant cereal product, the amount of fiber added in the complementary nutrient composition varies from 0 to 10% w / w, for example, from 1 to 8% w / w or from 1.5 to 7% w / w. In a further embodiment, when the supplemental nutrient composition is a standard infant cereal product, the amount of added fiber in the supplemental nutrient composition varies from 0 to 20% w / w, for example, from 5 to 18% w / w. In one embodiment, the supplemental nutrient composition according to the present invention comprises a milk-based ingredient or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the supplementary nutrient composition comprises a milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 0 to 35% w / w, for example, 0 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w. In a further embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition comprises milk-based ingredients with a GI less than or equal to 30 in an amount ranging from 0 to 35% w / w, for example, from 0 to 30% w / w, for example, from 1 to 25% w / w, for example, from 5 to 25% w / w. In one embodiment, the complementary nutritive composition according to the present invention comprises a legume or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition comprises pulses in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w. In a further embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition comprises pulses with a GI less than or equal to 50 in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w. In one embodiment, the complementary nutritive composition according to the present invention comprises a fruit or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the supplementary nutrient composition comprises fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, from 1 to 18% w / w. In a further embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition comprises fruits with a GI less than or equal to 70, for example, less than or equal to 50 in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w, for example, from 1 to 15% w / w. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 90% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 20% w / w, for example, between 5 and 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 8 to 20% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 10 to 17% w / w, for example, 10 to 15% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, from 2 to 25% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 0 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w; - pulses in an amount in the range of 0 to 40%, for example, 5 to 40% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. In one embodiment, the supplemental nutrient composition described above is characterized by a low glycemic index and / or a low glycemic load. In one embodiment, the supplemental nutrient composition of the invention described above is an infant cereal product. In one embodiment, the supplemental nutrient composition described above is characterized by eliciting a low glucose and / or insulin response in the ingesting subject. In one embodiment, the supplemental nutrient composition of the invention described above is intended for use in the treatment, prevention, and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 70% w / w, for example, 30 to 55% w / w of cereal flour; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 20% w / w, for example, between 5 and 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 8 to 20% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 10 to 17% w / w, for example, 10 to 15% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 12% w / w, for example, 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w, for example, 1 to 8% w / w, for example, 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 0 to 35% w / w, for example, 0 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 70% w / w, for example 30 to 55% w / w of cereal flours, for example, 33 to 50% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 20% w / w, for example, between 5 and 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 8 to 20% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 10 to 17% w / w, for example, 10 to 15% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 12% w / w, for example, 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w, for example, 1 to 8% w / w, for example, 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 0 to 35% w / w, for example, 0 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w; - pulses in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutritive composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 33 to 50% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 10 to 17% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w, for example, 1 to 8% w / w, for example, 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - pulses in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutritive composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 33 to 50% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 10 to 17% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 1 to 18% w / w, - where the complementary nutritional composition comprises 0 to 30% w / w of refined cereal flour and 0 to 55% of whole grain cereal flour. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutritive composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 33 to 50% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 10 to 17% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w, for example, 1 to 8% w / w, for example, 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 1 to 18% w / w; - where complementary nutritional composition comprises 0 to 30% w / w of refined cereal flour and 0 to 55% of whole grain cereal flour. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutritive composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 33 to 50% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 10 to 17% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 10 to 25% w / w, - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - legumes in an amount between 10 and 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount that varies from 0 to 25% w / w, for example, from 1 to 18% w / w. - where the complementary nutritional composition comprises 0 to 30% w / w of refined cereal flour and 0 to 55% of whole grain cereal flour. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutritive composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 33 to 50% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 10 to 17% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 5 to 25% w / w; - pulses in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 1 to 18% w / w; - where the complementary nutritional composition comprises 0 to 30% w / w of refined cereal flour and 0 to 55% of whole grain cereal flour. In one embodiment, the seven complementary nutrient compositions described above are characterized by a low glycemic index and / or a low glycemic load. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition of the invention described above is a complete infant cereal product. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition described above is characterized by eliciting a low glucose and / or insulin response in the ingesting subject. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition of the invention described above is for use in the treatment, prevention, and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 90% w / w, for example, 40 to 85% w / w of cereal flours; - total sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 20% w / w, for example, between 5 and 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 0 to 8% w / w, for example, from 0 to 5% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, from 2 to 22% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w, for example, from 5 to 18% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 90% w / w, for example, 40 to 85% w / w, for example, 50 to 90% w / w of cereal flours; - total sugar in an amount in the range of 2 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w, for example, 2 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 0 to 5% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, from 2 to 22% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w, for example, from 5 to 18% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 50 to 90% w / w; - total sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 0 to 5% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 22% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 18% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. where the complementary nutritional composition comprises 30 to 50% w / w of refined cereal flour and 20 to 40% of whole grain cereal flour. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 50 to 90% w / w; - total sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 0 to 5% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 22% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 5 to 18% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 1 to 18% w / w; where the complementary nutritional composition comprises 30 to 50% w / w of refined cereal flour and 20 to 40% of whole grain cereal flour. In one embodiment, the three complementary nutrient compositions described above are characterized by a low glycemic index and / or a low glycemic load. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition of the invention described above is a standard infant cereal product. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition described above is characterized by eliciting a low glucose and / or insulin response in the ingesting subject. In one embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition of the invention described above is for use in the treatment, prevention, and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a complementary nutrient set comprising a complementary nutrient composition comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 70% w / w, for example, 30 to 55% w / w of cereal flour, for example, 33 to 50% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w, for example, 0 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 8 to 20% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 10 to 17% w / w, for example, 10 to 15% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 12% w / w, for example, 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w, for example, 1 to 8% w / w, for example, 1.5 to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 0 to 35% w / w, for example, 0 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 25% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w; - pulses in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. EITHER - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 90% w / w, for example, 40 to 85% w / w, for example, 50 to 90% w / w of cereal flours; - total sugar in an amount in the range of 2 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 25% w / w, for example, 2 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w of the composition, for example, in the range of 0 to 8% w / w, for example, from 0 to 5% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, from 2 to 22% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w, for example, from 5 to 18% w / w; - legumes in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, 8 to 30% w / w, for example, 10 to 25% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w. - EITHER Any of the complementary compositions described above in accordance with the present invention. Composition for use - Disorders The invention relates to a supplemental nutritional composition according to the present invention for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a supplemental nutritional composition according to the present invention for use in the prevention and / or risk reduction of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life. The term "metabolic syndrome disorder," as used herein, refers to one or more disorders associated with metabolic syndrome. Examples of such disorders include diabetes, such as diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity (particularly central obesity), and microalbuminuria. These disorders are typically a result of impaired glucose homeostasis.For example, the disorder may be selected from the group consisting of: diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, hypertension, overweight, and obesity (particularly central obesity). Therefore, the present invention relates, in one embodiment, to the composition for use according to the present invention, wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity (particularly central obesity), and microalbuminuria. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to the composition for use according to the present invention, wherein the use is to improve insulin sensitivity, to promote normal weight and / or to prevent overweight later in life. The term "later in life" in the context of the present invention refers to the period of time after childhood, that is, after 12 years of age. In embodiments of the present invention, the metabolic syndrome disorder appears after 12 years of age, or, for example, after 15 years of age, such as after 18 years of age, such as after 25 years of age, after 30 years of age, or after 35 years of age. Accordingly, a further embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition for use according to the present invention, wherein the use is in the treatment, prevention, and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life when exposed to an adipogenic diet. The term "adipogenic diet" in the context of the present invention refers to a diet that will lead to an increase in an individual's fat mass. Generally, excess energy intake will lead to an increase in fat mass; therefore, an example of an adipogenic diet is one where caloric intake exceeds an individual's caloric requirement. Other examples of an adipogenic diet include the typical Western diet, also known as the Western pattern diet or the Standard American diet. Another example of an adipogenic diet is one characterized by a fat content exceeding the dietary recommendation of 30% of energy from fat, a high sugar content, and / or a caloric intake that exceeds an individual's caloric requirement. Therefore, it is anticipated that the composition for use according to the present invention, when administered at an early stage of life (e.g., to an infant older than 4 months or to a young child), will protect that individual if and when said individual later in life (e.g., as an adult or, e.g., after 18, after 20, after 25, after 30 years of age) ingests a diet that is adipogenic. By protection, it is understood that glucose homeostasis and / or insulin sensitivity will not be affected, or will not be affected to the same extent. Without theoretical limitations, it is hypothesized that the use of the composition of the present invention, at the time of administration, modulates metabolic pathways. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to the composition for use according to the present invention, wherein the use is to improve insulin sensitivity, to promote normal weight, and / or to prevent overweight. Composition for use - Target groups The composition for use according to the present invention shall be administered to a baby over 4 months old or to a young child. In one embodiment, the baby or young child, for example, is born to a mother who suffered or suffers from one or more metabolic syndrome disorders, such as one or more selected from the group consisting of diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity (particularly central obesity) and microalbuminuria, or gestational diabetes. In a further realization, the baby or young child is considered at risk of suffering from one or more metabolic syndrome disorders, for example, due to a familial risk factor, such as family history, low birth weight and / or growth restriction. In one embodiment, the composition to be used shall be administered to a baby over 4 months of age or to a young child, regardless of their birth weight. In another embodiment of the present invention, the composition for use according to the present invention is to be administered to an infant older than 4 months, for example, 6 months, or to a young child whose birth weight was normal. In another embodiment, the birth weight of the infant or young child was above or below normal. In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition for use according to the present invention, wherein the composition is to be administered to a baby older than 4 months, for example, 6 months, or to a young child who has experienced a period of catch-up growth following a period of growth restriction. In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition for use according to the present invention, wherein the composition is to be administered to an infant older than 4 months, for example, 6 months, or to a young child who has not experienced a catch-up growth period following a period of growth restriction. Even in a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition for use according to the present invention, wherein the composition shall be administered to a baby older than 4 months, for example, 6 months, or to a young child who was born at a normal weight and with an unrestricted food intake during infancy and / or early childhood. Dosage regimen The invention relates to the surprising finding that administering low glycemic index nutrient compositions to an infant or young child between the ages of 4, for example, 6 months and 5, for example, 2 years, can protect them from metabolic syndrome disorders later in life. The complementary composition for use according to the present invention shall be administered to the infant or young child over a period of time from 4 to 60 months. In other embodiments, administration occurs over a period of time from 6 months to 36 months, or 24 months, as well as up to 18 months, for example, up to 12 months. In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition for use according to the present invention is administered to an infant or young child during the complementary feeding period. The complementary feeding period refers to the time in a baby's or toddler's life when the transition from exclusive milk feeding (such as breastfeeding) to a mixed diet consisting of breast milk (or formula) and solid foods occurs. This period varies from baby to baby, but it typically occurs between 4 and 18 months of age, such as 6 to 18 months. In one embodiment of the present invention, the complementary composition for use in accordance with the invention must be administered to an infant or young child between the ages of 4 and 60 months, and the administration must last for at least 3 months, for example, 6 months, 9 months, or 12 months. During the period mentioned above, the administration may be, for example, intermittent, or for example, on average once a day during that period, or for example, every other day during that period, or for example, at least once a day during that period. In another embodiment of the present invention, the administration of the composition is for a shorter duration of time within the aforementioned time period, for example, on average once a day for a duration of at least six weeks in said time period; such as, for example, on average once a day for 3, 6, 8, 9 months during said time period. Alternatively, administration may be, for example, on average once every two days for a period of at least six weeks in the period from 4 months to 60 months, such as, for example, on average every other day for a period of 3, 6, 8, or 9 months during that time period. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to a use according to the present invention, wherein a composition is administered at least once a day for at least 1 month. In one embodiment of the present invention, the supplemental nutrient composition provides the infant or young child assuming that it is at least 10%, for example, 20%, or 30%, or 50%, or 70%, or 80%, of the total daily caloric intake. In another embodiment, the complementary nutrient composition provides the baby or young child who ingests it with the total daily caloric intake. Formats of nutrient compositions A medical food is a special class of nutrient composition designed to provide dietary management of certain conditions. Medical food meets certain criteria established and regulated under the Orphan Drug Act of 1983 in Section 5(360ee)(b)(2)(D). Medical food may be presented in any suitable form, as discussed below. Therefore, an embodiment of the present invention relates to a complementary nutritive composition according to the present invention, wherein the nutritive composition is a medical food. The complementary nutritional composition according to the present invention may be in any suitable format. The format of the supplemental nutrient composition for use according to the present invention can be adapted to the age of the baby or young child to whom it is administered. Examples of nutritional composition formats suitable for babies include a follow-on formula, a growing-up milk, an infant cereal product, or a baby food. Examples of formats suitable for babies and / or young children include ready-to-drink compositions, liquid foods, dairy drinks, smoothies, dairy rolls, yogurts, soups, desserts, puddings, bars such as cereal bars, extruded cereals, porridges, drinks and baby food. When the complementary nutrient composition is an infant cereal product, it may comprise at least 0.48 g / 100 kJ of a protein source, a maximum of 1.1 g / 100 kJ of a lipid source, and a carbohydrate source. Infant cereals are known in the art. Infant cereals are cereal-containing compositions intended for feeding to infants. They are typically spoon-fed and may be offered as dry infant cereal, for example. Ready-to-serve infant cereals are also within the scope of the present invention. The Codex Alimentarius provides guidance on the ingredients that an infant cereal should contain. Infant cereals may be intended to be reconstituted in water or milk. Generally, the caloric density, as well as the amounts and types of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids present in infant cereal, should be carefully adjusted to the baby's needs and depend on the baby's stage of development and age. It is well known that a baby's nutritional requirements change with the baby's development and age, and the composition of infant cereal ideally reflects this change. Accordingly, a standard infant cereal (prepared with milk) according to the present invention, intended for infants aged 4-6 months, may have an energy density of 220-240 kJ / 15 g, 0.8-1.2 g / 15 g of a protein source, 0.1-0.3 g of a fat source, and 12.3-12.7 g / 15 g of a carbohydrate source. Such an infant cereal may contain, for example, rice flour, corn maltodextrin, vitamin C, and iron. A standard infant cereal (prepared with milk) according to the present invention, for administration to infants aged 6-12 months, may have an energy density of 220-240 kJ / 15 g, 1.5-1.9 g / 15 g of a protein source, 0.2-0.4 g of a fat source, and 11.1-11.5 g / 15 g of a carbohydrate source. Such infant cereal may contain, for example, wheat flour, wheat semolina, iron, vitamin C, niacin, vitamin B6, thiamin, and corn maltodextrin. Accordingly, an infant cereal prepared with water according to the present invention for administration to infants from 4-6 months of age may have, per 100 g, an energy density of 400-420 kcal / 100 g, 10-16 g of a protein source, 7-17 g of a fat source, and 50-75 g of a carbohydrate source. Such an infant cereal may contain, for example, rice flour, corn maltodextrin, vitamin C, and iron. An infant cereal according to the present invention, for administration to infants aged 6-12 months, may contain energy. Such infant cereal may contain, for example, wheat flour, wheat semolina, iron, vitamin C, niacin, vitamin B6, thiamine, and corn maltodextrin. Infant cereals can be prepared from one or more ground cereals, which can constitute at least 25% by weight of the final mixture based on dry weight. The infant cereals of the present invention are preferably prepared from a single grain—such as rice or wheat cereal—because single-grain compositions are less likely to cause allergic reactions. Infant cereals should generally be mixed with water or milk before consumption. For example, 15 g of an infant cereal of the present invention can be mixed with 45 ml (complete infant cereal) of water or 90 ml of milk (standard infant cereal), respectively. Combination of disclosures It should be noted that the embodiments and features described in the context of one aspect of the present invention also apply to the other aspects and embodiments of the present invention, changing what needs to be changed. The compositions to be used according to the present invention are described herein by various parameters, such as ingredients, nutritional composition formats, uses, target groups, etc. It should be noted that the embodiments, features, and illustrative embodiments described in the context of one of the composition parameters to be used according to the present invention may also be combined with other embodiments, features, and illustrative embodiments described in the context of another parameter, unless expressly stated otherwise. All references to patents and non-patents cited in this application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The present invention will now be described in further detail in the following non-limiting examples. Experimental section Example 1 The effect of diets with different GIs during the complementary feeding period on subsequent blood glucose levels in adulthood was investigated using a rat intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) model. The IUGR model was used as a model sensitive to the subsequent disruption of glucose homeostasis (see Shankhalili Y. et al, 2010, "comparison of two models on intrauterine growth restriction for early catch up growth and later development of glucose intolerance and obesity in rats" (Am. J. Physiol Regul Interg Comp Physiol 298; R141-R146). Study design: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was induced in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats by restricting food by 50% during the last 10 days of gestation. The pups were nursed from their mothers throughout the lactation period. At the end of lactation (age 21 days), 40 male pups from the IUGR group and 20 male pups from the non-IUGR group (reference group) were weaned. The pups in the IUGR group were randomly divided into two groups (20 / group) with similar body weight and the same number of pups per litter. The pups were then fed ad libitum from 21 to 52 days (phase I) with a modified AIN96 semi-synthetic complementary feeding diet containing 15% glucose energy (E) and / or a diet containing either 15% galactose (E) (galactose diet: IUGR group G) or 15% starch (E) (control diet: groups C without IUGR and C IUGR). The micronutrient and fiber content and energy partitioning of the two complementary feeding diets were similar, with 20% protein (E), 17% fat (E), and 67% carbohydrates (E), with the presence or absence of 15% galactose (E) as an isocaloric exchange for the maize starch in the control diet (Table 1). Subsequently, all animals were fed ad libitum with a high-fat diet (Kliba 2126, 45% fat E) until the age of 155 days (phase II).Figure 1 shows the study design. During the study, food intake and body weight were recorded (2-3 times / week). Initial blood samples (after 8 hours of fasting) for glucose and insulin analysis were taken from the tail vein at 52 and 141 days of age. A surrogate glycemic load (SGL) marker for rats was calculated based on a daily intake of 15 g for the two diets supplied to the groups. For the control diet, SGL = 7.1, while for the galactose diet, SGL = 5.76, resulting in a 19.2% reduction in SGL compared to the control diet. Table 1 - Dietary Composition Results Body weight and energy intake The birth weight of both IUGR groups was significantly lower than that of the non-IUGR group. However, the IUGR group grew more rapidly than the non-IUGR group during the first week of breastfeeding (catch-up growth), and by day 10, all groups had a similar body weight (Figure 2). Total energy intake (Figure 3) and body weight (Figure 4) were also similar in all groups during the intervention complementary feeding period (phase I) and the follow-up period (phase II). Initial glucose and insulin values The results show that, at the end of the complementary feeding period (51 days of age), the initial glucose and insulin values ​​of both IUF groups were lower than those of the non-IUF group, indicating an altered glucose metabolism in IUF rats and the lack of an immediate effect of the complementary feeding diet. Surprisingly, the IUGR group that was previously fed galactose (low GI sugar) only during the complementary feeding period (age 21–51 days) had lower blood glucose levels in later adulthood (142 days of age) compared to the IUGR control group that was fed a complementary diet with a higher starch content (higher GI carbohydrate) (Figure 4). The values ​​in the group that received galactose during the complementary feeding period subsequently normalized and resembled those of the non-IUGR reference group. A similar trend in insulin response was also observed at 142 days of age (Figure 5). In conclusion, these results show for the first time that complementary feeding diets with different glycemic indexes (GIs) and glycemic loads (GLs) have an impact on blood glucose / insulin control later in life and, consequently, on the risk of developing metabolic diseases. These findings thus demonstrate the beneficial programming effects of diets with a low glycemic load and / or complementary feeding diets on subsequent glucose homeostasis control and on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases later in life. Example 2 Example of infant cereal product prepared with water (% by weight). A traditional infant cereal product that is reconstituted in water is prepared according to the following recipe: Wheat flour 45% (40.1 g CHO), skimmed milk 26% (14.6 g HO), oil 7%, glucose 6%, sucrose 15%, vitamins and minerals 1%. The GI (calculated based on the GI of the ingredient) of this example is 70 and the GL is 24.6. Calculation of glycemic load (50g portion size): CG=24.6 [CG= ((40, 1 / 2 x 71) + (14, 6 / 2 x 32) + (6, 0 / 2 x 100) + (15 / 2 x 68) / 100] A corresponding infant cereal product according to the present invention can be prepared according to the following recipe using methods known to the person skilled in the art: wheat flour 43% (38.3 g CHO), added lactose 15%, skimmed milk 26% (14.6 g CHO), oil 13%, sucrose 2%, vitamins and minerals 1%. The GI of this example is 63 and the GL is 20. Calculation of glycemic load (50g serving size): CG 20=[CG= ((38, 3 / 2 x 71) + (14, 6 / 2 x 32) + (15 / 2 x 46) + (2 / 2 x 68) ) / 100] Example 3 Example of infant cereal prepared with milk (% by weight). A traditional infant cereal product that is reconstituted in milk is prepared according to the following recipe: rice flour 75% (71g CHO), glucose 7%, sucrose 15%, banana 2% (1.4g CHO), vitamins and minerals 1%. Calculation of glycemic load (portion size 25 g): 2.- [CG= ( (71 / 4 x 85) + (7 / 4 x 100) + (15 / 4 x 68) + (1, 4 / 4 x 61) ) / 100] A corresponding infant cereal product according to the present invention can be prepared according to the following recipe using methods known to the person skilled in the art: rice flour 66% (62.5 g CHO), sucrose 2%, galactose 20%, banana 4% (1.4 g CHO), fat 5%, fiber 2.0%, vitamins and minerals 1%. Calculation of glycemic load (25g serving size): 1.- [CG= ( (62, 5 / 4 x 71) + (2 / 4 x 68) + (20 / 4 x 20) + (2, 8 / 4 x 61) ) / 100] Example 4 Infant cereal product to be prepared with water (% by weight) A reconstituted infant cereal product is prepared according to the following recipe: 23% refined wheat flour with 4% fiber (20g available carbohydrates, GI 71), 20% whole wheat flour with 8.6% fiber (14g available carbohydrates, GI 71), 14% red lentils with 11% fiber (8.2g available carbohydrates, GI 26), 15% skimmed milk (8.4g carbohydrates, GI 32), 12% fat (no GI), 11% sucrose (GI 68), 4% prebiotic (no GI), 1% vitamins and minerals (no GI). (Serving size = 50g powder + 150ml water). Total sugar content: 20% w / w Calculation of glycemic load (50g serving size): CG=18 [CG= ((20 / 2 x 71) + (14 / 2 x 71) + (8, 2 / 2 x 26) + (8, 4 / 2 x 32) + (11 / 2 x 68)) / 100] Example 5 Infant cereal product to be prepared with water (% by weight) A reconstituted infant cereal product is prepared according to the following recipe: 24% refined wheat flour with 4% fiber (21g of available CHO with GI 71), 15% whole wheat flour with 8.6% fiber (10.5g of available CHO with GI 71), 14% red lentils with 11% fiber (8.2g of available CHO with GI 26), 15% skimmed milk (8.4g of CHO, GI 32), 15% fat (no GI), 4% prebiotic (no GI), 4% lactose (GI 46), 8% dehydrated apple with 15% fiber (5.8g of available CHO with GI 29), 1% vitamins and minerals (no GI). (Serving size = 50 g of powder + 150 ml of water). Total sugar content: 19% w / w The calculation of the glycemic load (50g portion size) yields: CG=15.4 [CG= ( (21 / 2 x 71) + (10, 5 / 2 x 71) + (8, 2 / 2 x 26) + (8, 4 / 2 x 32) + (4 / 2 x 46) + (5, 8 / 2 x 29) ) / 100] Reference example 6 Infant cereal product to be prepared with water (% by weight) A traditional infant cereal product that is reconstituted in water is prepared according to the following recipe: 52% refined wheat flour with 4% fiber (43% available carbohydrates, GI 70), 26% skimmed milk (14.6g available carbohydrates, GI 36), 6% fat (no GI), 15% sucrose (GI 68), vitamins and minerals 1% (no GI). (Serving size = 50g powder + 150ml water). Total sugar content: 30% w / w. The glycemic load calculation yields: CG = 22.7 CG= ( (43 / 2 x 71) + (14, 6 / 2 x 32) + (15 / 2 x 68) ) / 100 Example 7 Infant cereal product to be prepared with water (% by weight) A reconstituted infant cereal product is prepared according to the following recipe: 27% refined wheat flour with 4% fiber (24g of available carbohydrates with GI 71), 20% whole wheat flour with 8.6% fiber (14g of available carbohydrates with GI 71), 14% red lentils with 11% fiber (8.2g of available carbohydrates with GI 26), 15% skimmed milk (8.4g of carbohydrates, GI 32), 12% fat (no GI), 11% sucrose (GI 68), 1% vitamins and minerals (no GI). (Serving size = 50g of powder + 150ml of water). Total sugar content: 20% w / w. The calculation of the glycemic load (portion size 50 g) yields: CG=19.6 [CG= ( (24 / 2 x 71) + (14 / 2 x 71) + (8, 2 / 2 x 26) + (8, 4 / 2 x 32) + (11 / 2 x 68) ) / 100] Example 8 Infant cereal product to be prepared with water (% by weight) A reconstituted infant cereal product is prepared according to the following recipe: 28% refined wheat flour with 4% fiber (25g of available CHO with GI 71), 15% whole wheat flour with 8.6% fiber (10.5g of available CHO with GI 71), 14% red lentils with 11% fiber (8.2g of available CHO with GI 26), 15% skimmed milk (8.4g of CHO, GI 32), 15% fat (no GI), 4% lactose (GI 46), 8% dehydrated apple with 15% fiber (5.8g of available CHO with GI 29), 1% vitamins and minerals (no GI). (Serving size = 50g of powder + 150ml of water). Total sugar content: 19% w / w. The glycemic load calculation yields: CG=16.8 [CG= ( (25 / 2 x 71) + (10, 5 / 2 x 71) + (8, 2 / 2 x 26) + (8, 4 / 2 x 32) + (4 / 2 x 46) + (5, 8 / 2 x 29) ) / 100] Although the absolute values ​​of SGL and CG differ due to interspecies differences, it should be noted that the decrease in CG results in a reduction of 18.5% and 33% when comparing reference example 6 with examples 4 and 5, respectively. Thus, this demonstrates a reduction in CG comparable at least to that observed in rats with SGL when switching from traditional products to products in accordance with the invention. Example 9 (Reference example) Two complete infant cereal compositions according to the present invention (prototype 1 and prototype 2) were compared in a clinical trial with an existing reference complete infant cereal product. The study design was a randomized, single-center, double-blind, crossover trial with three test meals (existing infant cereal as a control and two infant cereal prototypes). Table 2 below shows the composition of the infant cereal products. Table 2 - Composition of main macronutrients of the infant cereals analyzed (g / 100 g of potency) The total sugar content (including lactose from milk and fruit sugars) of the tested meals is: 38% in the reference diet, 27.3% in prototype 1 and 27% in prototype 2. Twenty healthy men aged 21–45 years with a BMI of 22.3 ± 2.03 kg / m² consumed three infant cereals after an overnight fast, in a randomized order with at least three days between trials. The study was conducted according to the international standard ISO 26642:2010.10.01 for the glycemic index. The study meals were prepared with 75 g of infant cereal powder diluted in 225 ml of previously boiled warm water (40 °C) and consumed within 10 minutes, followed by 250 ml of water. Capillary blood samples taken with the fingers were taken while fasting (-10 and 0 minutes before the test meals) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes after the start of the test meal intake. Capillary blood glucose was analyzed using Cobas with a Roche GLUC2 (04657527, Switzerland). Serum insulin was analyzed using the AlphaLISA® Human Insulin Immunoassay Kit, PerkinElmer Inc. The incremental area under the glucose curve (AIBC) for postprandial glucose and insulin at 2 hours was calculated using the trapezoidal rule. The results for the postprandial increase in glucose and insulin responses are presented in Figures 6-7, and those for AIBC at 2 hours relative to reference are shown in Figures 8-9. The results of the clinical trial clearly demonstrate the benefit of the reformulated infant cereal prototypes (which have CG below 20 and 17 respectively) in reducing postprandial glucose and insulin responses relative to the reference product (which has a high CG of 26). In relation to the reference product, the AIBC at 2 hours of glucose and insulin were 15% and 22% lower in response to prototype 1 and 25% and 35% lower in response to prototype 2, respectively (p<0.05 in all cases).

Claims

1. A supplemental nutrient composition characterized by a low glycemic load for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life, wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity, particularly central obesity, and microalbuminuria, wherein the composition is characterized by a low glycemic index and / or comprises an ingredient characterized by a low glycemic index, wherein a low glycemic load is defined as having a glycemic load equal to or less than 20, and a low glycemic index is defined as having a glycemic index equal to or less than 70.where "later in life" refers to the period of time after infancy, i.e., after 12 years of age, where the composition comprises at least one carbohydrate-based ingredient with a low glycemic index selected from the group consisting of: resistant starches, lactose, isomaltulose, galactose, and fructose, where the composition is administered to an infant or young child at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder, and where the composition comprises an amount of added sugars with a low glycemic index ranging from 1 to 30% w / w.

2. The supplementary composition according to any of the preceding claims, where the composition comprises an amount of added sugars with a low glycemic index ranging from 1 to 20% w / w.

3. The supplementary nutrient composition for use according to claim 1 or 2,wherein the composition comprises added fiber in an amount in the range of 1 to 8% w / w.

4. The supplemental nutrient composition for use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 90% w / w.

5. The supplemental nutrient composition for use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises sugars in an amount in the range of 5 to 18% w / w.

6. The supplemental nutrient composition for use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 1 to 25% w / w.

7. The supplemental nutrient composition for use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is administered to an infant or young child between 4 months and 5 years of age, for example,between 6 months and 3 years.

8. The supplemental nutrient composition for use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is administered in the context of a diet with a low glycemic load and / or index to an infant or young child between 6 months and 5 years of age, preferably between 6 months and 2 years of age.

9. The supplemental nutrient composition for use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is an infant cereal product, a follow-on formula or growing-up milk, a purée, or a biscuit adapted for infants and young children, preferably wherein the composition is an infant cereal product.

10. A supplemental nutrient composition characterized by a low glycemic load for use in the treatment, prevention, and / or risk reduction of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life.comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 90% w / w; - sugar in an amount in the range of 5 to 30% w / w, for example, 5 to 20% w / w, for example, between 5 and 18% w / w; - added sugar with a low glycemic index in an amount in the range of 1 to 30% w / w, for example, 1 to 20% w / w, for example, 5 to 15% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 25% w / w, preferably 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 20% w / w, preferably 1.5 to 7% w / w; - pulses in an amount in the range of 0 to 40% w / w, preferably 5 to 40% w / w; - fruit in an amount in the range of 0 to 25% w / w, for example, 1 to 18% w / w, where it is indicated that a low glycemic load has a glycemic load equal to or less than 20, and where it is indicated that a low glycemic index has a glycemic index equal to or less than 70,where "later in life" refers to the period of time after infancy, i.e., after 12 years of age, where the composition is administered to an infant or young child at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder.

11. A supplementary nutrient composition for use according to claim 10, comprising: - cereal flour in an amount in the range of 20 to 70% w / w or 30 to 55% w / w, preferably 33 to 50% w / w; - fat in an amount in the range of 8 to 20% w / w of the composition, preferably 10 to 17% w / w; - total amount of dietary fiber in an amount in the range of 2 to 12% w / w, preferably 6 to 10% w / w; - added fiber in an amount in the range of 0 to 10% w / w, for example, 1 to 8% w / w, for example, 1.5% to 7% w / w; - milk-based ingredient in an amount in the range of 0 to 35% w / w,preferably from 5 to 25% w / w - pulses in an amount in the range of 5 to 40% w / w, for example, from 8 to 30% w / w.

12. A complementary nutrient set comprising a complementary nutrient composition as described in any of claims 1 to 11 for use in the treatment, prevention and / or risk reduction of the development of a metabolic syndrome disorder later in life, wherein the composition is administered to an infant or young child at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome disorder.

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