Flame retardant polyolefin composition

Abstract

The invention provides a flame-retardant polyolefin composition comprising a) an ethylene-based plastomer with a density in the range of 0.850 to 0.915 g / cm3 and an MFR2 in the range of 0.5-30 g / 10 min; b) a propylene-based plastomer with a density in the range of 0.860 to 0.910 g / cm3 and an MFR2 in the range of 0.01-30 g / 10 min; and c) a flame retardant.

Description

Flame retardant polyolefin composition The present invention relates to a flame-retardant polymer composition, in particular a composition comprising a mixture of two plastomers and a flame retardant. The present invention also relates to substrates and articles coated with said polyolefin composition and to the use of said composition for coating a substrate. Background Polymer-coated textiles are used in a wide range of applications, including carpets, mattresses, pillows, and upholstery for office furniture, car interiors, and more. It is desirable that these materials possess a good degree of softness, as well as attractive abrasion and UV resistance properties. Compliance with flame retardancy regulations is also crucial. With increasing consumer demands and new legislation, the development of new systems is an ongoing process. To date, the most widely used polymer in these types of coatings is polyvinyl chloride (PVC). When PVC products are burned, hydrogen chloride gas is produced. This interferes with the combustion process in the gas phase, removing high-energy H and OH radicals, which has the effect of depriving the burning material of oxygen. However, these acrid fumes can cause additional problems such as corrosion. Perhaps most importantly, there are the environmental challenges associated with the use of PVC. PVC is not biodegradable; in fact, it is not degradable at all, and it is very difficult to recycle. Therefore, the need remains to find alternative polymers that are suitable substitutes for PVC. Polyurethane has also been used; however, its use is not always compatible with environments that use harsh cleaners or disinfectants. Cracking can also occur when exposed to excessive moisture or fluctuating temperatures. Document WO2015 / 135113 relates to a hot melt adhesive composition for filling comprising a base polymer, a wax and / or an oil, a tackifier, a stabilizer and, optionally, a filler; wherein the base polymer comprises a propylene-based elastomer, an amorylate poly-α-olefin (APAO) and, optionally, an ethylene-based or propylene-based plastomer. Document EP1862496 relates to a flame retardant polymer composition comprising (A) a polyethylene, (B) a compound containing a silicone group, (C) an inorganic filler material and (D) a polypropylene in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight with respect to the total composition, to an article comprising said flame retardant polymer composition, in particular to a wire or cable comprising a layer made of said flame retardant composition and to the use of said flame retardant polymer composition for the production of a layer of a wire or cable. Document WO2009 / 064993 relates to a coating composition, a coated article, and a method for forming such coated articles. The coating composition comprises (a) a dispersion; and (b) a crosslinking agent. The dispersion comprises at least one or more base polymers selected from the group consisting of an ethylene-based thermoplastic polymer, a propylene-based thermoplastic polymer, and mixtures thereof; at least one or more stabilizing agents; and a fluid medium. Document EP3031853 refers to a polypropylene and plastomer mixture comprising an ethylene-based plastomer which, after conversion into final articles and exposure to surface modifications such as corona treatment, apparently shows improved dyne retention behavior and a better dyne retention coefficient over time. Document EP3173443 refers to a semiconducting polyethylene composition, for use in electrical cables, with apparently improved processability compared to other available semiconducting polymer compositions. The present inventors have surprisingly discovered that a polyolefin composition comprising a mixture of an ethylene-based plastomer and a propylene-based plastomer, along with a flame retardant, possesses flame-retardant properties that meet industry standards. Ideally, the compositions also have good UV resistance and attractive mechanical properties. A polyolefin system with good recyclability, even 100%, would be especially valuable. Summary of the invention From one perspective, the invention provides a flame-retardant polyolefin composition comprising: a) an ethylene-based plastomer with a density in the range of 0.850 to 0.915 g / cm3 and an MFR2 in the range of 0.5 to 30 g / 10 min; b) a propylene-based plastomer with a density in the range of 0.860 to 0.910 g / cm3 and an MFR2 in the range of 0.0-30 g / 10 min; and c) a flame retardant Viewed from another aspect, the invention provides the use of a flame retardant polyolefin composition as defined herein to coat a substrate, preferably a fabric substrate. Viewed from another aspect, the invention provides a process for coating a substrate with a flame-retardant polyolefin composition as defined herein, said process comprising applying said composition to the surface of said substrate. Viewed from another aspect, the invention provides a substrate, preferably a fabric substrate, coated with a flame-retardant polyolefin composition as defined herein. Viewed from another aspect, the invention provides an article comprising at least one component formed from a coated substrate as previously defined. Detailed description of the invention The compositions of the invention comprise an ethylene-based plastomer and a propylene-based plastomer, together with a flame retardant. The term "ethylene-based plastomer", as used herein, refers to a plastomer comprising a majority amount of polymerized ethylene monomer (based on the weight of the plastomer) and, optionally, may contain at least one comonomer. The term "propylene-based plastomer", as used herein, refers to a plastomer comprising a majority amount of polymerized propylene monomer (based on the weight of the plastomer) and, optionally, may contain at least one comonomer. Ethylene-based plastomer The ethylene-based plastomer has a density in the range of 0.850 to 0.915 g / cm³ and an MFR² (190 °C) in the range of 0.5–30 g / 10 min. "Ethylene-based" plastomer is understood to mean a plastomer in which the majority by weight is derived from ethylene monomer units. Suitable ethylene-based plastomers may have an ethylene content of 60 to 95% by weight, preferably 65 to 90% by weight, and more preferably 70 to 88% by weight. The comonomer contribution is preferably up to 40% by weight, more preferably up to 35% by weight. The comonomer contents of conventional ethylene plastomers are familiar to those skilled in the art. The ethylene-based plastomer is preferably an ethylene-propylene copolymer or a C4-C10 alpha-olefin. Suitable C4-C10 alpha-olefins include 1-butene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene, preferably 1-butene or 1-octene, and more preferably 1-octene. Ideally, only one comonomer is present. Ethylene-1-octene copolymers are preferred. The density of the ethylene-based plastomer is in the range of 0.850 to 0.915 g / cm3, preferably in the range of 0.855 to 0.910 g / cm3, such as 0.85-0.903 g / cm3. The MFR2 (ISO 1133; 190 °C; 2.16 kg) of suitable ethylene-based plastomers is in the range of 0.5 - 30 g / 10 min, preferably in the range of 2.0 - 20 g / 10 min and more preferably in the range of 5.0 - 15.0 g / min. The melting points (measured by DSC according to ISO 11357-3:1999) of suitable ethylene-based plastomers may be below 130 °C, preferably below 120 °C, more preferably below 110 °C, and most preferably below 100 °C. A reasonable lower limit for the melting points of suitable ethylene-based plastomers may be 30 °C. A typical melting point range is 33 to 115 °C. Furthermore, suitable ethylene-based plastomers may have a glass transition temperature Tg (measured with DMTA according to ISO 6721-7) below -40 °C, preferably below -54 °C, more preferably below -58 °C. The Mw / Mn value of the ethylene-based plastomer, which represents the molecular weight distribution (MWD) amplitude, is preferably in the range of 1.5 to 5.0, more preferably in the range of 2.0 to 4.5, even more preferably in the range of 2.5 to 4.0. The ethylene-based plastomer can be unimodal or multimodal, preferably unimodal. Preferably, the PE plastomer is a metallocene-catalyzed polymer, although Ziegler-Natta-based polyethylene plastomers are also possible. In one embodiment, the ethylene-based plastomer is a thermoplastic plastomer. While the use of a single ethylene-based plastomer is within the scope of the invention, it is also possible to use a mixture of two or more ethylene-based plastomers as defined herein. Suitable ethylene-based plastomers can be any copolymer of ethylene and propylene or ethylene and C4-C10 alpha olefin that has the properties defined above, that are commercially available, including, among others, Borealis AG (AT) under the trade name Queo, from DOW Chemical Corp (USA) under the trade name Engage or Affinity, or from Mitsui under the trade name Tafmer. Alternatively, the ethylene-based plastomer can be prepared by known processes, in a one- or two-stage polymerization process comprising solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, gas-phase polymerization, or combinations thereof, in the presence of suitable catalysts, such as vanadium oxide catalysts or single-site catalysts, e.g., metallocene or restricted-geometry catalysts, known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, these ethylene-based plastomers are prepared by a one- or two-stage solution polymerization process, especially by a high-temperature solution polymerization process at temperatures above 100 °C. These processes are essentially based on the polymerization of a monomer and a suitable comonomer in a liquid hydrocarbon solvent in which the resulting polymer is soluble. The polymerization is carried out at a temperature above the polymer's melting point, resulting in a polymer solution. This solution is evaporated to separate the polymer from the unreacted monomer and the solvent. The solvent is then recovered and recycled in the process. Preferably, the solution polymerization process is a high-temperature solution polymerization process, using a polymerization temperature above 100 °C. Preferably, the polymerization temperature is at least 110 °C, and more preferably at least 150 °C. The polymerization temperature can be up to 250 °C. The pressure in such a solution polymerization process is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 bar, preferably 15 to 100 bar, and more preferably 20 to 100 bar. The liquid hydrocarbon solvent used is preferably a C5-12 hydrocarbon that may or may not be substituted with a C1-4 alkyl group, such as pentane, methylpentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and hydrogenated naphtha. More preferably, unsubstituted C6-10 hydrocarbon solvents are used. A known solution technology suitable for the process according to the invention is Borceed technology. It will be appreciated that the ethylene-based plastomer can contain standard polymeric additives. The ethylene-based plastomer can be present in the range of 20 to 90 wt%; however, it typically constitutes 30 to 90 wt% of the polymer composition, where these wt% values ​​are relative to the total weight of the composition as a whole. In a preferred embodiment, the ethylene-based plastomer constitutes 35 to 75 wt%, or 40 to 65 wt% (relative to the total weight of the composition as a whole) of the polymer composition. propylene-based plastomer The compositions of the invention comprise a propylene-based plastomer with a density in the range of 0.860 to 0.910 g / cm³ and an MFR2 (230 °C / 2.16 kg) in the range of 0.0–30 g / 10 min. It is within the scope of the invention that the composition comprises only a single propylene-based plastomer as defined herein. Alternatively, a mixture of at least two such propylene-based plastomers may be used. Other propylene-based plastomers with properties different from those defined herein for "the propylene-based plastomer" may also be used in the compositions of the invention. The propylene-based plastomer of the invention is typically a copolymer of propylene and ethylene or a C4-C10 alphaolefin, such as a copolymer of propylene with ethylene, butene, hexene, or octene. Propylene is understood to be the major component in the propylene-based plastomer. The propylene is generally present in an amount of 55 to 95% by weight. If the comonomer is ethylene, the ethylene content is preferably 5 to 30% by weight, such as 7.5 to 20% by weight in the propylene-ethylene copolymer. In all circumstances, the propylene-based plastomer has a density in the range of 0.860 to 0.910 g / cm³. In a preferred embodiment, the density of the propylene-based plastomer is from 0.863 to 0.905 g / cm3, such as from 0.865 to 0.900 g / cm3. The propylene-based plastomer preferably has a molecular weight distribution (MWD), defined as the weight average molecular weight divided by the number average molecular weight (Mw / Mn) of 3.5 or less; or 3.0 or less; or from 1.8 to 3.0. The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the propylene-based plastomers of this invention can vary widely, but is generally between approximately 10,000 and 1,000,000 (it being understood that the only limit on the minimum or maximum Mw is that established by practical considerations). The propylene-based plastomer of this invention can be manufactured by any process and includes copolymers produced by Ziegler-Natta, CGC (constrained geometry catalysis), metallocene, and non-metallocene catalysis, metal-centered, and with a heteroaryl ligand. The propylene-based plastomers of the invention are ideally formed using metallocene-type catalysts. The propylene-based plastomer, in certain embodiments, is characterized by having substantially isotactic propylene sequences. "Substantially isotactic propylene sequences" means that the sequences have an isotactic triad (mm) measured by 13C NMR greater than 0.85; alternatively, greater than 0.90; alternatively, greater than 0.92; and alternatively, greater than 0.93. Isotactic triads are well known in the art and are described, for example, in U.S. Patent 5,504,172 and International Publication No. WO 00 / 01745, which refers to the isotactic sequence in terms of a triad unit in the copolymer molecular chain determined by 13C NMR spectra. These copolymers include random, block, and graft copolymers, although preferably the copolymers have a random configuration. In one embodiment, the propylene-based plastomer is preferably one that contains a random distribution of ethylene within the otherwise isotactic propylene chains. It can therefore be considered a random copolymer of propylene and ethylene. However, it is not a heterophasic copolymer. The propylene-based plastomers used in the invention are commercially available and can be purchased from polymer suppliers. Examples include those available from The Dow Chemical Company under the trade name VERSIFY, or from ExxonMobil Chemical Company under the trade name VISTAMAXX. The propylene-based plastomer typically constitutes 5 to 45 wt% of the polymer composition, where these wt% values ​​are relative to the total weight of the composition as a whole. In a preferred embodiment, the propylene-based plastomer constitutes 8 to 40 wt%, as well as 10 to 35 wt% (relative to the total weight of the composition as a whole) of the polymer composition. Flame retardant The polyolefin composition comprises a flame retardant. For the purposes of this invention, "flame retardant" means a substance that is activated by the presence of an ignition source and that prevents or delays the further development of ignition through a variety of different physical and chemical methods. Any suitable flame retardant known in the art may be used. A single flame retardant may be used, or a mixture of two or more flame retardants may be used. Examples of flame retardants include boron phosphate flame retardants; magnesium oxide; dipentaerythritol; polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymers; phosphate ester flame retardants (e.g., tricresyl phosphate); minerals such as aluminum hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), huntite and hydromagnesite, antimony trioxide, alumina trihydrate, red phosphorus, and boron compounds, e.g., borates; inorganic phosphinates and / or metallic phosphinates such as salts of phosphinic acids and / or diphosphinic acids or polymeric derivatives thereof; organohalogen compounds such as organochlorines such as hydrochloric acid derivatives and chlorinated paraffins;organobromines such as deca-bromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE), decabromodiphenyl ethane, brominated polymeric compounds such as brominated polystyrenes, brominated carbon oligomers (BCO), brominated epoxy oligomers (BEO), decabromodiphenyl oxide, ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide), tetradecabromodiphenoxybenzene, ethylene bis(dibromonorbornanedicarboximide), tetrabromophthalic nhydride, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD); flame retardants of phosphate salts, such as metallic salts of phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, amine phosphate, melamine phosphate, dimelamine phosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, dimelamine pyrophosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate, ethylenediamine phosphate, melamine nitrilotrisphosphonate or a combination thereof;Organophosphorus compounds, particularly aromatic phosphates, including monophosphates with aromatic groups, diphosphates with aromatic groups, triphosphates with aromatic groups, or any combination thereof. Other organophosphates include triphenyl phosphate (TPP), resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP), bisphenol A diphenyl phosphate (BADP), and tricresyl phosphate (TCP); phosphonates such as dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP); and phosphinates such as aluminum diethylphosphinate. In an important class of flame retardants, the compounds contain both phosphorus and a halogen. Such compounds include tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (brominated tris) and chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (chlorinated tris or TDCPP) and tetrakis(2-chloroethyl)dichloroisopentyldiphosphate (V6). Other known flame retardants that can be used include halogenated and / or melamine-based flame retardants, as well as those comprising ammonium polyphosphate. Melamine derivatives include melamine polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, and melamine cyanurate, and mixtures of two or more of these materials. The halogenated flame retardants useful in the compositions of the present invention may be selected from organic aromatic halogenated compounds such as halogenated benzenes, biphenyls, phenols, ethers or esters thereof, bisphenols, diphenyloxides, aromatic carboxylic acids or polyacids, anhydrides, amides, or imides thereof; halogenated organic cycloaliphatic or polycycloaliphatic compounds; and halogenated organic aliphatic compounds such as halogenated paraffins, oligo- or polymers, alkyl phosphates, or alkyl isocyanurates. These components are widely known in the art. The flame retardant will generally be present in an amount of approximately 1.5 to 30% by weight, preferably 2.0 to 30% by weight, more preferably 5.0 to 30% by weight, especially 10 to 30% by weight, such as 15 to 20% by weight, in relation to the total weight of the composition as a whole. The flame retardant can be added alone or as part of a polymer masterbatch. A polymer masterbatch may contain the flame retardant at a concentration of, for example, approximately 2.5% to approximately 60% by weight. Ideally, the flame retardant does not contain halogens. Preferably, the flame retardant comprises ammonium polyphosphate. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the flame retardant comprises a mixture of an ammonium polyphosphate and a silane-functionalized ethylene copolymer. The weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to silane-functionalized ethylene copolymer may be in the range of 9:1 to 1:9, preferably 5:1 to 1:5, even more preferably 3:1 to 1:3, such as 1:1. Ammonium polyphosphate can be any inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia. Ammonium polyphosphates are typically represented by the formula [NH4PO3]n. The chain length (n) of this polymeric compound is variable and branched, and can exceed 1000. Short-chain, linear APPs (n < 100) are more sensitive to water (hydrolysis) and less thermally stable than longer-chain APPs (n > 1000), which exhibit very low water solubility (< 0.1 g / 100 ml). Ammonium polyphosphates are stable and non-volatile compounds. Ammonium polyphosphates for use in the flame retardants of the invention are commercially available and can be purchased from many suppliers. Examples include the ADK STAB f P-2000 series of flame retardants available from Adeka Polymer Additive Europe or IC FR5110 available from Into Chemicals. The silane-functionalized ethylene copolymer is an ethylene copolymer (a) comprising units containing silane group(s). The units containing silane group(s) may be present as a comonomer of the ethylene copolymer or as a compound chemically grafted onto the polymer. Therefore, in cases where the units containing silane group(s) are incorporated into the polymer (a) as a comonomer, the units containing silane group(s) copolymerize as a comonomer with ethylene monomer during the polymerization process of polymer (a). If the units containing silane group(s) are incorporated into the polymer by grafting, the units containing silane group(s) are chemically reacted (also called grafting) with polymer (a) after polymerization of polymer (a). The chemical reaction, i.e., the grafting, is normally carried out using a radical-forming agent such as peroxide. Such a chemical reaction may take place before or during the lamination process of the invention.In general, copolymerization and grafting of silane groups containing ethylene units are well-known and documented techniques in the field of polymers and fall within the skill set of an expert. Example technologies include the Sioplas and Monosil processes. In one embodiment, the silane-functionalized ethylene copolymer is preferably an ethylene polymer (a) selected from: - (a1) a copolymer of ethylene and a comonomer containing silane group(s); - (a2) an ethylene copolymer with one or more polar comonomer(s) selected from alkyl-(C1-C6) acrylate or alkyl-(C1-C6) acrylate comonomer(s), wherein the copolymer (a2) carries units containing silane group(s) and wherein the copolymer (a2) is different from the ethylene polymer (a1); or - (a3) ​​an ethylene copolymer with one or more alpha-olefin comonomers- (C3-C10) that is different from the ethylene polymer (a1) and the ethylene polymer (a2) and to which units containing silane group(s) have been grafted. It is known that the use of peroxide in grafting decreases the melt flow rate (MFR) of an ethylene polymer due to a simultaneous crosslinking reaction. As a result, grafting can limit the selection of the MFR of polymer (a) as the starting polymer, and this selection can adversely impact the polymer's quality in the end-use application. Furthermore, byproducts formed from peroxide during the grafting process can adversely affect the shelf life of the polymer composition in the end-use application. Copolymerization of the comonomer-containing silane group(s) in the polymer structure provides more uniform incorporation of units compared to unit grafting. Furthermore, unlike grafting, copolymerization does not require the addition of peroxide after polymerization. Therefore, the units containing silane group(s) are preferably present in polymer (a) as a comonomer, i.e., incorporated into polymer (a1) as a comonomer with the ethylene monomer, and in the case of polymer (a2), as a comonomer together with the polar comonomer and the ethylene monomer. Thus, polymer (a2) contains two different comonomers: the comonomer containing silane group(s) and the polar comonomer, as defined above; i.e., polymer (a2) is a terpolymer. However, it is understood that in polymer (a2), the units containing silane group(s) may also be present as units grafted onto a copolymer of ethylene and one or more polar comonomers.In the preceding, following, or in the claims, the expression "comonomer containing silane group(s)" means herein that the units containing silane group(s) are present as a comonomer. The unit containing silane group(s) or, preferably, the comonomer containing silane group(s), of the ethylene polymer (a), is preferably a hydrolyzable unsaturated silane compound represented by formula (I):. where R1 is an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy or (meth) acryloxy hydrocarbyl group, each R2 is independently a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbyl group, And that it can be the same or different, it is a hydrolyzable organic group and q is 0, 1 or 2; Other suitable silane group(s) containing comonomer(s) are, for example, gamma-(meth) acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-(meth) acryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltriacetoxysilane, or combinations of two or more of the same. A suitable subgroup of the compound of formula (I) is an unsaturated silane compound or, preferably, a comonomer of formula (II) where each A is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, properly from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The unit containing silane group(s), or preferably the comonomer, of the invention, is preferably the compound of formula (II) which is vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylbismethoxyethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, more preferably vinyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltriethoxysilane, more preferably vinyltrimethoxysilane. The amount (mole percent) of the units present containing silane group(s), preferably present as a comonomer, in the polymer (a) is preferably from 0.01 to 2.0 mol percent, preferably from 0.01 to 1.00 mol percent, appropriately from 0.05 to 0.80 mol percent, appropriately from 0.10 to 0.60 mol percent, appropriately from 0.10 to 0.50 mol percent, when determined according to the "comonomer contents" as described below in "methods of determination". In embodiment (A1), the polymer (a) is an ethylene polymer carrying a silane-containing comonomer (a1). In this embodiment A1, the polymer (a1) does not contain, i.e., is without, a polar comonomer as defined for polymer (a2). Preferably, the comonomer containing silane group(s) is the only comonomer present in polymer (a1). Accordingly, polymer (a1) is preferably produced by copolymerization of the ethylene monomer in a high-pressure polymerization process in the presence of a comonomer containing silane group(s) using a radical initiator. Preferably, the comonomer containing silane group(s) is the only comonomer present in the ethylene polymer (a1). In said preferred embodiment (A1), the polymer (a1) is preferably an ethylene copolymer with a comonomer containing silane group(s) according to formula (I), more preferably with a comonomer containing silane group(s) according to formula (II), more preferably with a comonomer containing silane group(s) according to formula (II) selected from vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylbismethoxyethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer, as defined above or in the claims. Most preferably, the polymer (a1) is an ethylene copolymer with vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylbismethoxyethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer, preferably with vinyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltriethoxysilane comonomer, most preferably vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer. In another embodiment (A2), the polymer (a) is an ethylene polymer with one or more polar comonomers selected from (C1-C6) alkyl acrylate or (C1-C6) alkyl acrylate comonomers (a2), the copolymer (a2) of which carries units containing silane group(s). In this embodiment (A2), the polymer (a2) is an ethylene copolymer with one or more, preferably one, polar comonomers selected from (C1-C6) alkyl acrylate or (C1-C6) alkyl acrylate comonomers and a comonomer containing silane group(s). Preferably, the polar comonomer of the ethylene polymer (a2) is selected from one of the alkyl-(C1-C6) acrylate comonomers, preferably from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate comonomer.More preferably, polymer (a2) is a copolymer of ethylene with a polar comonomer selected from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, or butyl acrylate and with a comonomer containing silane group(s). Polymer (a2), most preferably, is a copolymer of ethylene with a polar comonomer selected from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, or butyl acrylate and with a comonomer containing silane group(s) of the compound of formula (I). Preferably, in this embodiment, the polar comonomer and preferably the comonomer containing silane group(s) are the only comonomers present in the ethylene copolymer (a2). The content of the polar comonomer present in the polymer (a2) is preferably from 0.5 to 30.0 mol%, from 2.5 to 20.0 mol%, preferably from 4.5 to 18 mol%, preferably from 5.0 to 18.0 mol%, preferably from 6.0 to 18.0 mol%, preferably from 6.0 to 16.5 mol%, more preferably from 6.8 to 15.0 mol%, more preferably from 7.0 to 13.5 mol%, when measured according to the "comonomer contents" as described below in "methods of determination". In said other preferred embodiment (A2), the polymer (a2) is preferably an ethylene copolymer with the polar comonomer, as defined above, below or in the claims, and with a comonomer containing silane group(s) according to formula (I), more preferably with a comonomer containing silane group(s) according to formula (II), more preferably with a comonomer containing silane group(s) according to formula (II) selected from vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylbismethoxyethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer, as defined above or in the claims. Preferably, the polymer (a2) is a copolymer of ethylene with methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate comonomer and with vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylbismethoxyethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer, preferably with vinyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltriethoxysilane comonomer.More preferably, polymer (a2) is a copolymer of ethylene with methyl acrylate comonomer and with vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylbismethoxyethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, or vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer, preferably with vinyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltriethoxysilane comonomer. Accordingly, most preferably polymer (a2) is a copolymer of ethylene with methyl acrylate comonomer together with a comonomer containing silane group(s) as defined above, more preferably a copolymer of ethylene with methyl acrylate comonomer and with vinyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltriethoxysilane comonomer, preferably with methyl acrylate comonomer and with vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer. Without limiting ourselves to any particular theory, methyl acrylate (MA) is the only acrylate that cannot undergo ester pyrolysis because it lacks this reaction pathway. Therefore, the (a2) polymer with MA comonomer does not form harmful free acid (acrylic acid) degradation products at high temperatures. Consequently, the (a2) polymer of ethylene and methyl acrylate comonomer contributes to the good quality and lifespan of the final product. This is not the case, for example, with vinyl acetate units in EVA, as EVA forms harmful acetic acid degradation products at high temperatures. Furthermore, other acrylates such as ethyl acrylate (EA) or butyl acrylate (BA) can undergo ester pyrolysis and, if they degrade, could form volatile olefinic byproducts. In another embodiment (A3), the polymer (a) is the polymer (a3) ​​which is a copolymer of ethylene with one or more alpha-olefin-(C3-C10) comonomers, distinct from the ethylene polymer (a1) and the ethylene polymer (a2), and grafted with units containing silane group(s). Preferably, the polymer (a3) ​​is an ethylene polymer with one or more, preferably one, comonomer(s) selected from alpha-olefin-(C3-C8) comonomers. In such embodiments, the polymer (a3) ​​may be further defined by any of the embodiments described above for the ethylene-based plastomer. With maximum preference, the polymer (a) is selected from the polymer (a1) or (a2). The melt flow index, MFR2, of the polymer (a), is preferably less than 20 g / 10 min, preferably less than 15 g / 10 min, preferably from 0.1 to 13 g / 10 min, preferably from 0.2 to 10 g / 10 min, preferably from 0.3 to 8 g / 10 min, most preferably from 0.4 to 6 g / 10 min (according to ISO 1133 at 190 °C and with a load of 2.16 kg). The polymer (a) preferably has a melting point of 120 °C or less, preferably 110 °C or less, more preferably 100 °C or less, and most preferably 95 °C or less, when measured in accordance with ASTM D3418. Preferably, the melting point of the polymer (a) is 70 °C or more, more preferably 75 °C or more, even more preferably 78 °C or more. Normally, the density of the ethylene polymer (a) is greater than 855 kg / m3. Preferably, the density is not greater than 970 kg / m3, and preferably is from 920 to 960 kg / m3, according to ISO 1183:1987. The preferred polymer (a) is an ethylene polymer (a1) with vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer or an ethylene copolymer (a2) with methyl acrylate comonomer and vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer. The most preferred polymer (a) is an ethylene copolymer (a2) with methyl acrylate comonomer and vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer. The polymer (a) of the composition may be commercially available, for example, or may be prepared according to or analogously to known polymerization processes described in the chemical literature. In a preferred embodiment, polymer (a), i.e., polymer (a1) or (a2), is produced by the appropriate polymerization of ethylene with comonomer-containing silane group(s) (units containing silane group(s) present as comonomers) as defined above, and in the case of polymer (a2) also with the polar comonomer(s), in a high-pressure (HP) process using free-radical polymerization in the presence of one or more initiators and optionally using a chain transfer agent (CTA) to control the polymer's melt flow rate (MFR). The HP reactor can be, for example, a well-known tubular reactor or autoclave, or a mixture thereof, preferably a tubular reactor.High-pressure (HP) polymerization and the adjustment of process conditions to further tailor other polymer properties, depending on the desired end application, are well-established and described in the literature, and can be easily implemented by a skilled professional. Suitable polymerization temperatures range up to 400 °C, and pressures from 70 MPa, to 100 to 400 MPa. High-pressure polymerization is generally carried out at pressures of 100 to 400 MPa and temperatures of 80 to 350 °C. These processes are well-known and documented in the literature and will be described in more detail below. The incorporation of comonomer(s), when present, including the preferred form of units containing silane group(s) as a comonomer, into the ethylene monomer and the control of the comonomer feed to obtain the desired final content of said comonomer(s) can be carried out in a well-known manner and is within the skills of an expert. Further details on the production of ethylene (co)polymers by high-pressure radical polymerization can be found, among others, in the Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 6 (1986), pp. 383-410 and in the Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.: "Polyethylene: High-pressure, R.Klimesch, D.Littmann and F.-O. Mahling pp. 7181-7184. Such HP polymerization results in what is known as low-density polyethylene (LDPE), herein resulting in polymer (a1) or polymer (a2). The term LDPE has a well-known meaning in the field of polymers and describes the nature of polyethylene produced by HP, that is, the typical characteristics, such as a different branching architecture, that distinguish LDPE from PE produced in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst (also known as a coordination catalyst). Although the term LDPE is an abbreviation for low-density polyethylene, it is understood that the term does not limit the density range, but rather encompasses LDPE-like HP polyethylenes with low, medium, and high densities. The polymer (a3) ​​may be commercially available or produced in a polymerization process using a coordination catalyst, typically Ziegler-Natta or a single-site catalyst, as documented in the literature. The choice of process, process conditions, and catalyst is within the expertise of a specialist. Alternatively, the polymer (a3) ​​may be prepared by a method such as that described above for the ethylene-based plastomer. Composition It is understood that, in addition to the ethylene-based plastomer and the propylene-based plastomer, the composition of the invention may comprise other polymeric components. These may be added to improve the properties of the composition. Examples of additional polymers include polymers and copolymers based on ethylene, propylene, or butylene, ethylene-acrylic copolymers, ethylene-acrylic ester copolymers, and rubbers such as silicone rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber, and butyl rubber. It is preferred that any additional polymers be chlorine-free; that is, the composition should not contain any chlorine-containing polymers. Typically, additional polymeric components are added in an amount of 0.5 to 20% by weight, such as 1 to 10% by weight, for example, 3% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition as a whole. "Polymeric component(s)" excludes herein any carrier polymer(s) of the flame retardant and / or optional additive(s), for example, carrier polymer(s) used in master batch(es) of the flame retardant or optional additive(s) present in the composition. In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the ethylene-based plastomer and the propylene-based plastomer as defined above, the composition further comprises a high melt flux index propylene-based plastomer. By "high melt flux index" we normally mean an MFR2 (230 °C) greater than 5000 g / cm3, such as greater than 7000 g / cm3. The high melt flow index propylene-based plastomer of the invention is typically a copolymer of propylene and ethylene or a C4-C10 alpha-olefin, more preferably a copolymer of propylene with ethylene. Propylene is understood to be the main component in the high melt flow index propylene-based plastomer. The propylene is typically present in an amount of 55 to 95% by weight, where ethylene is the comonomer, the ethylene content being preferably 5 to 30% by weight, such as 7.5 to 20% by weight. In all circumstances, the high melt flow index propylene-based plastomer preferably has a density in the range of 0.860 to 0.910 g / cm³. In a preferred embodiment, the density of the high melt flow index propylene-based plastomer is from 0.865 to 0.905 g / cm3, such as from 0.870 to 0.900 g / cm3. A high melt flow index plastomer is preferably one that contains a random distribution of ethylene with the other isotactic propylene chains. Therefore, it can be considered a random copolymer of propylene and ethylene. Examples of commercially available high melt flow index propylene-based plastomers include ExxonMobil's Vistamaxx 8880. Without wishing to limit ourselves to theory, it is believed that the high melt flow index propylene-based plastomer acts as a compatibilizer, helping to generate a more homogeneous composition. In another embodiment, the composition of the invention further comprises a propylene copolymer that is different from the propylene-based plastomer and the high melt flow index propylene-based plastomer as defined above. Such a copolymer may be a propylene-ethylene copolymer or a C4-C10 alpha-olefin. In one embodiment, this propylene copolymer may be a heterophasic propylene copolymer comprising a matrix (M) that is a random propylene copolymer (R-PP) and an elastomeric propylene copolymer (E) dispersed in said matrix (M). The heterophasic propylene copolymer typically comprises 60.0 to 85.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the heterophasic propylene copolymer, of random propylene copolymer (R-PP) and 15.0 to 40.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the heterophasic propylene copolymer, of elastomeric propylene copolymer (E). The comonomers of the random propylene copolymer (R-PP) and / or the comonomers of the elastomeric propylene copolymer (E) may be ethylene and / or C4 to C8 α-olefins. Suitable commercially available heterophasic propylene copolymers comprising a random propylene copolymer as the matrix phase include Bormed™ SC876CF, available from Borealis Polyolefine GmbH (Austria). It will be noted that one or more additives commonly used in polymer processing techniques may also be included in the composition. Suitable additives include fillers, lubricants, and processing aids. Antioxidants, for example, phenolic antioxidants such as Lowinox TBM-6 marketed by Addivant and IRGANOX 1010 which is pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate or IRGANOX 1035 which is octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate marketed by BASF or amine antioxidants such as Vulcanox HS and Flectol H which are polymerized 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, metal deactivators and / or copper inhibitors, for example, hydrazides such as oxalic acid benzoylhydrazide (OABH) or Irganox 1024 which is 2,3-bis-((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl) ) propionohydrazide; UV absorbers, for example Tinuvin or HALS-type UV absorbers, light stabilizers;nucleating agents; foaming or expanding agents that can be endothermic or exothermic, for example, p-oxybisbenzenesulfonylhydrazide, azo-isobutyronitrile and azodicarbonamide; processing and / or thermal stabilizers, for example, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (phosphite-based), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate), octadecyl-3(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 3,3',3',5,5',5'-hexa-tert-butyl-a,a',a'-(mesitylene-2,4,6-triyl)tri-p-cresol (phenolic-based) and dioctadecyl-3,3'-thiodipropionate (thioester-based); and pigments, for example, inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide and carbon black and organic pigments. Additives may be present in quantities ranging from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition as a whole. In all embodiments, it is preferred that the composition be halogen-free, i.e., that it does not contain any halogen-containing components, especially chlorine. The composition of the invention can be prepared by any suitable method. Ideally, a method is used that produces a homogeneous mixture of the various components. Typically, composition is employed. Composition generally involves mixing and / or combining the various components in a molten state, often by extrusion. Such methods will be well known to those skilled in the art. Applications The compositions of the invention have flame-retardant properties and can therefore be used in a range of applications where flame retardancy is desired. In particular, the compositions of the invention can be used to coat a substrate, such as a fabric substrate. Therefore, in a further embodiment, the invention provides for the use of a flame-retardant polyolefin composition as defined above for coating a substrate, preferably a fabric substrate. The invention also relates to a substrate, preferably a fabric substrate, coated with a flame-retardant polyolefin composition as defined above. The substrate can comprise any natural and / or synthetic material. Substrates may include textiles, paper, aluminum foil, and polymeric paper (e.g., biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET)). Typically, the substrate is a fabric substrate. Synthetic materials include, for example, various polyolefin-based synthetics (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), nylon, jersey, polyester, polyurethane (e.g., a spandex material), and blends or combinations thereof. Natural materials include, for example, cotton, linen, hemp, silk, leather, or blends thereof. In one embodiment, the fabric substrate may be a nonwoven material. A "nonwoven" fabric is a fabric or similar material made of fibers bonded together by chemical, mechanical, thermal, or solvent treatment. The term is used to designate fabrics, such as felt, that are neither knitted nor woven. In an alternative embodiment, the fabric substrate layer is a woven material. Woven fabrics include knitted fabrics, particularly polypropylene knitted fabrics. In one embodiment, the fabric substrate comprises a material weighing from 100 to 500 grams per square meter (g / m²), more typically from 150 to 400 grams per square meter, and even more typically from 200 to 350 grams per square meter (g / m²). In one embodiment, the fabric substrate is prepared from polyester, polyethylene, or polypropylene. It is within the scope of the invention that the substrate, such as the fabric substrates defined above, comprises a flame retardant. Such flame retardants may be any of those defined above and may be the same as or different from the flame retardants present in the composition of the invention. The composition of the invention can be applied to the substrate in any suitable manner known in the art, for example, by extrusion, calendering using, for example, a roller system, lamination, and knife coating (after dissolving the composition in water with additives). One example coating method employs the calendering coating equipment shown in Figure 1, which consists of two heated rollers onto which the raw material or polymer composite, in granular form, is placed. The rollers mix the polymer into a homogeneous mixture; the front roller then transfers the molten coating onto the backing fabric at a specified thickness (total thickness of backing and coating together), and a surface texture is applied with a water-cooled embossing roller before the fabric is re-wound onto a roller. Alternatively, when using dry mixes (separate, uncombined components), these do not mix sufficiently to form a homogeneous coating. Therefore, these mixes can first be combined using a twin-screw extruder and, where possible, passed through a water bath into a granulator to create composite granules. These granules can then be applied to heated coating rollers. More flexible mixes may be too soft to be cut into granules. For these coatings, the compound can be extruded directly onto a metal spatula and then transferred to the rollers. After application to the substrate, the composition of the invention can be coated with one or more additional materials, such as a lacquer (e.g., a polyurethane lacquer) to increase scratch resistance and reduce the transfer of coatings to clothing, for example. The invention also relates to an article comprising at least one component formed from a coated substrate as previously defined. Examples of articles include office furniture, vehicle interiors, seat cushions, back cushions, pillows, upholstered furniture, bed mattresses, wall coverings, shoes (e.g., tongue, instep, heel counter, quarters), sports bags, ski boot inlays, sports equipment (e.g., boxing gloves, boxing balls), carpets, rubber boats, PVC swimming pools, life jackets, handbags, purses, table coverings, tablecloths, stationery (e.g., books and wood inlays), saddlebags, and tool bags. The invention will now be described with reference to the following non-limiting figures and examples. Figure 1: Calendering coating roller equipment Testing methods: Density The density of the materials was measured according to ISO 1183-1:2012, using isopropanol-water as the gradient liquid. The cooling rate of the plates during sample crystallization was 15 °C / min. The conditioning time was 16 hours. Melting flux index (MFR) or melting index (MI) The melt flow rate (MFR) is determined according to ISO 1133 and is expressed in g / 10 min. The MFR is an indication of the polymer's melt viscosity. The MFR is determined at 190 °C for PE and 230 °C for PP. The load under which the melt flow rate is determined is usually indicated as a subscript; for example, MFR2 is measured with a load of 2.16 kg, MFR5 with a load of 5 kg, or MFR21 with a load of 21.6 kg. Molecular weights, molecular weight distribution, Mn, Mw, MWD The weight average molecular weight Mw and molecular weight distribution (MWD = Mw / Mn where Mn is the number average molecular weight and Mw is the weight average molecular weight) is measured using a method based on ISO 16014-4:2003. Comonomer content Comonomer content (wt.% and mol.%) was determined using 13C NMR. 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a 400 MHz Bruker spectrometer at 130 °C from samples dissolved in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene / benzene-d6 (90 / 10 w / w). Conversion between wt.% and mol.% can be performed by calculation. Cigarette test A flammability assessment was carried out in accordance with the BS EN 1021-1:2006 smoking cigarette test. Flame retardant The flame retardant behavior was evaluated using an FTT R1771 double cone calorimeter in accordance with ISO 5660:2015. Tensile strength Tensile strength was measured in accordance with BS EN ISO 1421:2016 Schildknect Flexion Measured according to Schildknect bending ISO 7854:1997 METHOD B UV measurements Colorfastness to UV light was evaluated in accordance with ASTM G155-05a. The test was conducted for 200 hours using a xenon arc lamp; compliance is achieved if there is no appreciable color change. Experimental Materials Propylene-based plastomer (PP plast.): a random metallocene plastomer of propylene and ethylene, density = 0.862 g / cm3, MFR2 (230 °C, 2.16 kg) = 20 g / 10 min Ethylene-based plastomer (1) (plast. PE 1): an ethylene octene metallocene plastomer, density = 0.870 g / cm3, MFR2 (190 °C / 2.16 kg) = 6.6 g / 10 min Ethylene-based plastomer (2) (plast. PE 2): an ethylene octene metallocene plastomer, density = 0.902 g / cm3, MFR2 (190 °C / 2.16 kg) = 10 g / 10 min Ethylene-based plastomer (3) (plast. PE 3): an ethylene octene metallocene plastomer, density = 0.902 g / cm3, MFR2 (190 °C / 2.16 kg) = 3 g / 10 min High MFR PP plastomer (1): a random metallocene propylene and ethylene plastomer, density = 0.879 g / cm3, MFR2 (230 °C, 2.16 kg) = 7715 g / 10 min Polypropylene copolymer (PP copolymer): random heterophasic copolymer of propylene and ethylene, density = 890 g / cm3, MFR2 (230 °C, 2.16 kg) = 3.8 g / 10 min Flame retardant 1 (FR1): ammonium polyphosphate (commercially available as ADKSTAB FP2500S) Flame retardant 2 (FR2): ethylene, methyl acrylate and vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) copolymer, density = 0.946 g / cm3, MFR2 (190 °C / 2.16 kg) = 3 g / 10 min Flame retardant 3 (FR3): ammonium polyphosphate (commercially available IC FR5110) Preparation of compositions: Twenty-two inventive compositions were prepared by gravitmetric feeding of several components to a twin-screw extruder. Production of coated substrates and cigarette test results: Five additional inventive compositions (IE23 to IE27) were prepared in the same manner as for IE1 to IE22 and coated onto fabric substrates using the following methods. A laboratory-scale calendering coating unit (Figure 1) was employed, consisting of two heated rollers onto which the raw material or composite polymer, in granular form, was placed. The rollers mixed the polymer to a homogeneous mixture; the front roller then transferred the molten coating onto the support fabric to a predetermined thickness (total thickness of the support and coating together), and a surface texture was applied with a water-cooled embossing roller before the fabric was re-wound onto a roller. Dry blends (the separate, uncombined components) were not mixed sufficiently to form a homogeneous layer.Therefore, these mixtures were first combined using a twin-screw extruder and, where possible, drawn through a water bath into a pelletizer to make compound granules. These granules were then applied to heated rollers for coating. The more flexible mixtures were too soft to be cut into granules. For these coatings, the compound was extruded directly onto a metal spatula and then transferred to the rollers. A polyurethane lacquer was also added, and the materials were subjected to the cigarette test. The formulations used and the test results are shown in Table 2. Tables 3 to 7 show flame retardant, flexural, tensile strength, and UV data for selected compositions. Table 3: Flame retardant results Table 4: Flame retardant test results (test performed only on the composition, not on the fabric) Table 5: Tensile strength data continuation Table 6: UV Data Table 6: Schildknecht bending data

Claims

1. A flame-retardant polyolefin composition comprising: a) an ethylene-based plastomer having a density measured according to ISO 1183-1:2012 in the range of 0.850 to 0.915 g / cm3 and an MFR2 determined according to ISO 1133 in the range of 0.5 - 30 g / 10 min; b) a propylene-based plastomer having a density measured according to ISO 1183-1:2012 in the range of 0.860 to 0.910 g / cm3 and an MFR2 determined according to ISO 1133 in the range of 0.0 - 30 g / 10 min; and c) a flame retardant.

2. A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to claim 1, wherein the ethylene-based plastomer is a copolymer of ethylene and at least one C3-C10 alpha-olefin.

3. A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the propylene-based plastomer is a copolymer of propylene and ethylene or a C4-C10 alpha-olefin. 4.A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising 20 to 90% by weight of the ethylene-based plastomer, with respect to the total weight of the composition as a whole.

5. A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising 5 to 45% by weight of the propylene-based plastomer, with respect to the total weight of the composition as a whole.

6. A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flame retardant is present in an amount of 1.5 to 30% by weight, preferably 2.0 to 30% by weight, more preferably 5.0 to 30% by weight, especially 10 to 30% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition as a whole. 7.A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a high melt-flow index propylene-based plastomer.

8. A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the flame retardant comprises a mixture of an ammonium polyphosphate and a silane-functionalized ethylene copolymer.

9. A flame-retardant polyolefin composition according to claim 8, wherein the silane-functionalized ethylene copolymer is an ethylene copolymer with a methyl acrylate comonomer and a vinyltrimethoxysilane comonomer.

10. Use of a flame-retardant polyolefin composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9 for coating a substrate, preferably a fabric substrate. 11.A process for coating a substrate with a flame-retardant polyolefin composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, said process comprising applying said composition to the surface of said substrate.

12. A substrate, preferably a fabric substrate, coated with a flame-retardant polyolefin composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9.

13. A substrate according to claim 12, wherein the fabric substrate is a woven or non-woven fabric, preferably a knitted fabric.

14. An article comprising at least one component formed from the coated substrate as defined in claim 12 or 13. 15.An article according to claim 14 selected from the group consisting of office furniture, vehicle interiors, seat cushions, back cushions, pillows, upholstered furniture, bed mattresses, wall coverings, shoes (e.g., tongue, instep, heel, quarters), sports bags, ski boot inlays, sports equipment (e.g., boxing gloves, boxing balls), carpets, rubber boats, PVC swimming pools, life jackets, handbags, purses, table coverings, tablecloths, stationery (e.g., books and wood inlays), saddlebags, tool bags.

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