FLAT BAR USED WITH ANCHOR BOLTS FOR ATTACHING MESH TO MINE WALLS OR SLOPES

Abstract

Flat bar used with anchor bolts for securing mesh to mine walls or slopes. The flat bar consists of an octagonal metal plate with ribbed edges that reinforce the upper surface. It also has vertical edges with folds facing the underside, allowing the plate to be embedded in the ground. This provides greater stability, prevents slippage, and creates a gap between the plate and the tunnel wall to accommodate the mesh wires. This proposed flat bar is an excellent alternative for securing and reinforcing mesh on mine walls, tunnels, and civil engineering projects where slope stabilization is required.

Description

[0001] PLATE USED WITH ANCHOR BOLTS FOR FASTENING

[0002] PREVIOUS ART

[0003] The use of slabs, plates, or similar materials has been widely used in civil works for tunnel construction, as well as in mining operations, preferably underground, all of which require supporting, fortifying, or containing the walls of slopes or tunnels. It is very common to observe on roads and highways that, at the entrance to tunnels, slopes or walls are formed that visibly have meshes incorporated into them. These meshes are held and anchored with slabs, through which bolts pass, penetrating the wall that must be supported or contained. There are a variety of slabs and plates that work in conjunction with meshes, as well as those that incorporate mechanical anchor bolts.In addition to the use of mesh, slabs, and bolts for the purposes described above, cement spraying (shortcrete) is often used to stabilize the ground supported by the mesh, slab, and bolt. The use of shortcrete increases the contact area between the slab and mesh.

[0004] In mine fortification, planches are primarily designed to fulfill three functions: to provide confinement of the fractured surface and therefore support the area between bolts while maintaining the integrity of the rock mass; to distribute the load on the bolt head evenly into the adjacent rock; and to maintain the elasticity and direction of the load.

[0005] Document CN2644513Y discloses a protective mesh anchor plate fixed on the slope and embankment surface, comprising a plate body and a fitting hole arranged in the middle of the plate body, wherein the plate is of a diamond-shaped flat structure. A transverse fixing block and a vertical fixing block are arranged on the bottom surface of the anchor plate, so that the protective mesh can be closely fastened to the ground surface and can tension the protective mesh. The anchor plate is provided with a concave continuous support that is used to hold and tension the peripheral cable of the protective mesh and prevent the cable from coming off.The practical function area of ​​the anchor plate is larger than the current circular anchor plate, the direction distribution of the longest side can be adjusted as needed, and because the contour boundary is a straight line, the material can be effectively utilized and easy to produce while blank production.

[0006] Document W02015062905A1 describes a protective mesh, particularly for securing slopes, which is placed on an earth surface and secured thereto by a plurality of spaced-apart fixing means. These fixing means consist of longitudinal elements anchored in the ground and dowel plates that can be placed on the protective mesh. These plates are sized and designed so as to reduce the number of fixing means per unit area and increase the rigidity of the protective mesh in place.

[0007] US4095430A teaches a generally planar rectangular support plate particularly adapted to cooperate with a plurality of other such plates to support the roof of an underground mine. One face of the plate defines a support or bearing surface and a major embossed area extends outwardly from and generally longitudinally along the other face so as to increase the support strength of the plate. The upper or outermost wall of the embossed major area tapers outwardly with respect to the face from a minimum height at opposite end areas adjacent the longitudinal ends of the plate to a maximum height adjacent the midpoint of the plate. Opposite side walls of the major embossed areas diverge outwardly from each other from each of the opposite end areas toward the transverse axis of the plate.A recessed area is provided having a generally planar bottom wall at substantially the midpoint of the plate and said recessed area extends inwardly from the major area of ​​the top wall of the embossed area toward the support or bearing surface.

[0008] The bottom wall is recessed inward a sufficient distance to conceal the head of an elongated bolt member received through an opening in the bottom wall, in order to rigidly attach the bearing plate to a mine roof. A smaller embossed area may also be included extending outward from the main embossed area and surrounding the recessed area to further add structural strength to the plate.

[0009] US5445477A is directed to a bearing plate with side walls longer than end walls, the bearing plate having a rectangular configuration and a continuous elliptical relief extending along the side walls and end walls of the plate. An opening is concentrically positioned at the midpoint of the plate. The plate has a bearing surface and an opposing surface, and the continuous elliptical relief extends from the opposing surface continuously along and inwardly around the perimeter of the bearing plate. The embossed interior areas may extend from the opposing surface to either side of the opening along the longitudinal axis.

[0010] Document CL202101864 teaches a plate for a bolt for reinforcing and stabilizing rocky ground in slopes and tunnels, to be used in combination with a containment mesh, which prevents a concentration of shear stresses in the filaments of the mesh, with a square outer contour with four corners, comprising a central plane and having in its central area a central protuberance with a central perforation that interrupts the central plane and is oriented towards a nut with which the bolt is tensioned, which also comprises four inclined planes in a similar shape to bevels, following its central plane, which extend to the square outer contour, which give it an improvement in its resistance and torsional and flexural rigidities of its complete perimeter, especially in its corners, thus allowing the application of a substantially homogeneous compressive force of the plate on the ground,even after a possible collapse of the central protuberance; where additionally, between the central plane and each of the inclined planes of the plate, there are lower curved encounters, tangent to both the central plane and the inclined planes, which allow a softened contact of the plate with the filaments of the mesh, avoiding concentrations of stress on them, so as to increase the mesh's containment capacity.

[0011] Unlike the solutions of the prior art, the present application does not have rectangular perforations and has ribs bent upwards and a curved truncated conical relief with an elliptical base, in the center of which is the perforation for the passage of the anchor bolt and has an octagonal shape, all characteristics that give the present plate greater resistance so that they can withstand the load they receive from the wire meshes placed on the walls of tunnels and / or slopes.

[0012] BR EV ED ESC RI PC IONDE THE FIGURES

[0013] Figure 1: corresponds to a top plan view of the application sheet.

[0014] Figure 2: An elevation view of the application plate. Figure 3: A top plan view illustrating the plate installed on a mesh.

[0015] Figure 4: corresponds to a symmetrical view of the template of the present application.

[0016] DE SC RI PCI ONGENE RA LDELMODE LO

[0017] The small plate used with anchor bolts for securing mesh to mine walls or slopes in the present application consists of an octagonal plate with horizontal faces of variable length, thereby giving its diagonal faces variable angles with respect to the horizontal faces. The latter have perpendicular folds on their edges oriented toward the upper face of the plate, such that ribs are formed to give strength to said edges. The vertical edges of the plate have second perpendicular folds oriented toward the lower face of the plate, such that the plate is embedded in the ground, providing greater support, preventing slippage, and leaving a gap between the plate and the wall of a tunnel, wall, or slope, to accommodate the wires of a mesh.The upper surface of the plate has a curved, truncated cone-shaped relief with an elliptical base to provide rigidity to the octagonal plate. The center of the plate has a perforation for the passage of an anchor bolt, which is inserted through the plate into the wall of a tunnel or slope, securing both the plate and the support, retaining, or supporting mesh to said wall. The plate must be made of a corrosion-resistant metal, such as galvanized iron or similar.

[0018] DE SC RI PCI OND ETA L LA DA DELMODE LO

[0019] In a detail of the embodiment of the model, the plate is made up of an octagonal plate (1) whose horizontal faces (3) have variable length (L1) thus giving variable angles (a and 0) to its diagonal faces (8) with respect to the horizontal faces (3) and vertical faces (4), respectively. The diagonal faces (8), when their angle changes, are also susceptible to varying their length (L2). The horizontal faces (3) have perpendicular folds on their edges oriented towards the upper face (2) of the plate (1) such that ribs (10) are formed to give strength to said edges.On the edges of the vertical faces (4) of the plate, second perpendicular folds (9) have been incorporated ( / ) oriented towards the lower face (7) of the plate, in such a way that the plate is embedded in the ground, providing greater support, avoiding slipping and leaving a gap between the plate and the wall of a tunnel, wall or slope, to accommodate the wires of a mesh (11 ). The plate (1 ) has on the upper face (2) a curved truncated conical relief (5) with an elliptical base to give rigidity to any octagonal plate (1 ) and in its center there is a perforation (6) for the passage of an anchor bolt that is inserted through the plate, inserting itself into the wall of a tunnel or slope, managing to leave both the plate and the fastening, containment or support mesh tight to said wall.

[0020] Figure 5 shows a type of execution of the plate in which the length (L3) of the horizontal faces (3) is variable, so that the length (L4) of the diagonal faces (8) also varies, as well as the angles (a1 and 01) with respect to the horizontal faces (3) and vertical faces (4), respectively.

Claims

RE I VI N D I CAC I O N E S 1. Plate used with anchor bolts for fastening meshes to the walls of mines or slopes, which offers great resistance to hold and fortify meshes of mine walls, tunnels and civil works where it is necessary to contain slopes, CHARACTERIZED because it is made up of an octagonal plate (1) whose horizontal faces (3) have variable length (L1) thus giving variable angles (ay 0) to its diagonal faces (8) with respect to the horizontal faces (3) and vertical faces (4), respectively;wherein its horizontal faces (3) have perpendicular folds on their edges oriented towards the upper face (2) of said small plate such that ribs (10) are formed to give robustness to said edges, in which in the vertical edges (4) of the plate second perpendicular folds (9) have been incorporated ( / ) oriented towards the lower face (7) of the plate, in such a way that the plate is embedded in the ground, providing greater support, avoiding slippage and leaving a gap between the plate and the wall of a tunnel, wall or slope, to house the wires of a mesh (11); wherein the plate (1) has on the upper face (2) a curved truncated conical relief (5) with an elliptical base to give rigidity to any octagonal plate (1); and in its center there is a perforation (6) for the passage of an anchor bolt.; 2. Plate used with anchor bolts for fastening meshes according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that it also comprises that the diagonal faces (8) comprise a length (L4) less than said length (L2).

3. Plate used with anchor bolts for fastening meshes according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that it also comprises that the length (L3) of the horizontal faces (3) is less than said length (L1).

4. Plate used with anchor bolts for fastening meshes according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that it also comprises that the angles (ay 0) with respect to the horizontal faces (3) and vertical faces (4), respectively, are (a1 and 01) when the horizontal faces (3) and diagonals (8) have lengths (L3 and L4) respectively.

5. Plate used with anchor bolts for fastening meshes according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises being made of corrosion-resistant metal, such as galvanized iron.

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