Compositions comprising (bio)-alkanediols

Abstract

The present invention relates to compositions, including cosmetic, pharmaceutical, or household care compositions, comprising at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol with a carbon chain of 5 to 13 atoms. Such compositions may further comprise at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol with a carbon chain of 5 to 13 atoms. Additionally, the present invention relates to the use of the compositions of the present invention for enhancing the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant, for improving the sensory properties (i.e., the feel on the skin) of a liquid lipophilic component, for sebum control, for odor treatment, for modulating fragrance notes, for modifying fragrance notes, for suppressing fragrance notes, for topical applications, for masking the odor of 1-octen-3-ol, for masking insect-attracting odors, or for repelling insects.

Description

Compositions comprising (bio)-alkanediols Technical field The present invention relates to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising or consisting of specific combinations of a linear 1,2-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms and at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a composition comprising or consisting of such specific mixtures of linear 1,2-alkanediols and linear 2,3-alkanediols.Additionally, the present invention relates to the use of the compositions of the present invention for improving the organoleptic properties, i.e., the feel on the skin, of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component, for sebum control, odor control, modulation of fragrance notes, modification of fragrance notes, suppression of fragrance notes, topical applications, masking the odor of 1-octen-3-ol, or masking insect-attracting odors. Finally, the present invention relates to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a composition according to the present invention. Background Art. In recent years, the cosmetics industry has been searching for a natural and biodegradable ingredient that combines multiple benefits in a single molecule, offers good profitability, and shows important properties at low concentrations. Therefore, there is a constant demand for multifunctional ingredients, whose multiple key advantages, such as their ability to enhance the antioxidant effect, solubilize lipophilic cosmetic ingredients and improve product protection in synergy with numerous preservatives, reduce the complexity of formulations while improving the properties of the final product. The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It is colonized by a variety of microorganisms, most of which are harmless or even beneficial to their host. Colonization depends on the ecology of the skin's surface, which is highly variable depending on topographic location, endogenous host factors, and exogenous environmental factors. For example, the armpits present a fairly moist and nutrient-rich habitat that provides favorable conditions for the proliferation of many microorganisms. Other habitats include those rich in sebum, such as the face, and those that are rather dry and nutrient-poor, such as most other areas of the body. Many common skin pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, are inhibited at an acidic pH, thus favoring the proliferation of coagulase-negative staphylococci and corynebacteria. However, skin occlusion leads to an elevated pH, which favors the proliferation of S. aureus and S. pyogenes. Areas with a high density of sebaceous glands, such as the face, chest, and back, promote the proliferation of lipophilic microorganisms, such as Corynebacterium spp., Propionibacterium spp., and Malassezia spp. The overproduction of sebum causes the sebaceous gland follicles to become partially or completely filled with sebum. This sebum typically has a very dense consistency and, therefore, a low capacity for spreading, meaning it can only exit the sebaceous gland follicles and spread across the skin with great difficulty. Consequently, sebum accumulates to an undesirably high degree in the sebaceous glands and creates an ideal nutrient environment for microorganisms, particularly Propionibacterium acnes, a microorganism crucially involved in the development of acne. In oily skin, the overproduction of sebum leads to an undesirable oily shine.In oily scalps, overproduction of sebum causes an undesirable greasy shine at the hair roots. In blemished skin, excessive sebum production leads to skin irregularities such as pimples and pustules. Acne is a pathologically altered skin condition resulting from blemishes. In cases of acne, which typically appears during puberty, the anaerobic microorganism Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes, recently reclassified / renamed Cutibacerium acnes) plays a crucial role in the development of the condition. It breaks down sebum into glycerin and fatty acids, which in turn stimulates the sebaceous glands to produce even more sebum. These breakdown products then attack or destroy the follicle walls, often leading to skin inflammation (pimples, pustules, nodules, cysts). These blemishes frequently heal only after leaving scars, permanently damaging the appearance of those with acne. Fungi and bacteria can cause many skin disorders and infections. Chronic wounds, which affect people with diabetes, the elderly, and those with reduced mobility, are an example where commensal skin organisms invade and become pathogenic when the skin barrier is breached. Although bacteria do not cause the initial wound, they are believed to contribute to the lack of healing and persistent inflammation associated with chronic wounds. Burn wounds are commonly infected with Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus spp., or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Another common skin commensal is Staphylococcus epidermidis. It is also the most frequent cause of nosocomial infections in internal medical devices, such as catheters or heart valves. Therefore, there is a need for products capable of controlling the skin microbiota, and in particular inhibiting the proliferation of skin pathogens. At the same time, there is a need for products capable of balancing, reducing, or inhibiting the overproduction of sebum and / or reducing dandruff, thereby controlling the colonization of the skin by specific microbial species that are lipid-dependent and feed on human sebum. WO 2008 / 046791 discloses the use of 1,2-decanediol for reducing skin sebum and a topical cosmetic or dermatological formulation comprising 1,2-decanediol. In addition to 1,2-decanediol, the formulations optionally include cleansing and antimicrobial substances. WO 2006 / 057616 A1 discloses compositions comprising at least three different diols, wherein said diols have the general structure (CH2) nH2O2, where n is the number of CH2 groups and is between 3 and 10. The composition may be a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, antimicrobial, or preservative composition. The composition is useful for inactivating microorganisms or preventing their proliferation. On the other hand, 1,2-decanediol is an established antimicrobial that is used in deodorants, antiperspirants, anti-dandruff, anti-acne, and other hygienic applications for oral or personal care. However, the formulation, and in particular 1,2-decanediol, has the drawback of an inherently unpleasant odor. Furthermore, microbes living on human skin are known to produce a variety of different compounds, such as formic acid, butyric acid, 3-hydroxy-3-methylhexanoic acid, and 3-methyl-3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol, from sweat produced by apocrine sweat glands. Several compounds produced by these microbes are responsible for an unpleasant odor; for example, butyric acid has a very strong and unpleasant smell. In this context, the important microorganisms that live on the skin or scalp of humans are microorganisms of the genera Staphylococcus, Cor and nebacterium, Anaerococcus, Finegoldia, Moraxella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Aspergillus, Candida, Malassezia, Escherichia, Peptoniphilus, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, Fannyhessea, Epidermophyton, Trichophyton, Fusobacterium, Cutibacterium, in particular, the microorganisms Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus hominis; Cor and nebacterium xerosis; Cor and nebacterium jeikeium; Anaerococcus octavius; Finegoldia magna; Moraxella osloensis; Moraxella atlantae; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Candida albicans; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Peptoniphilus lacrimalis; Streptococcus agalactiae; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Gardnerella vaginalis; Fannyhessea vaginae (Atopobium vaginae) ; Epidermophyton floccosum; Trichophyton rubrum; Streptococcus mutans; Fusobacterium nucleatum.Recently, it has been discovered that the microorganisms Anaerococcus octavius ​​and Cor and nebacterium jeikeium are responsible for the production of compounds that have an unpleasant odor from human sweat. In addition, pheromone-like compounds, such as the steroids androstenone and androsterone sulfate, which are produced directly by the apocrine sweat glands, are also responsible for unpleasant body odor or smell. For effective odor management, the formula must reduce microbial activity on the skin. Additionally, the compound or formula must mask the unpleasant odors produced by various microbes or directly by sweat glands. Furthermore, various cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations must use compounds with an inherently unpleasant odor as active ingredients or additives. Therefore, new substances are needed that can modulate, modify, or suppress different fragrance notes. In the context of modulating, modifying, or suppressing fragrance notes, there is also an ongoing search for new compounds or compositions that can be used in insect repellent products or to mask insect-attracting odors. 1-Octen-3-ol is known to attract biting insects, such as mosquitoes, and to have an unpleasant odor. To provide an effective insect repellent, a compound or composition is needed to counteract the unpleasant smell of 1-octen-3-ol. Many insect repellent products use active agents that emit a strong insect-repellent odor. In this case, the compound or composition must not mask the insect-repellent odor. It is important to note that substances used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals must meet certain requirements. Compounds must be toxicologically acceptable, easily tolerated by the skin, stable in conventional cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical formulations, inexpensive to prepare, easy to formulate, and active at various pH levels. Furthermore, the substance must not have an unpleasant odor. In addition, substances or compositions used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical products must be compatible with different media, such as water or ethanol.In the search for new useful substances in cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, there is no predictable connection between the chemical structure and other relevant physicochemical parameters in the field of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, i.e., toxicological acceptability, skin tolerability, stability, solubility and formulation properties, and the odor of a substance. In summary, the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries are constantly searching for new ingredients and compositions that can further enhance the usefulness of cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions or household care products, such as boosting the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition or in a household care product, improving the organoleptic properties, i.e., the feel on the skin, of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component, in sebum control, in odor control, in modulating fragrance notes, in modifying fragrance notes, in suppressing fragrance notes, in topical applications, in covering the bad odor of 1-octen-3-ol, to mask insect-attracting odors and to repel them. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide multifunctional compositions and multifunctional cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions that can be effectively used to enhance the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, improve the organoleptic properties, i.e., the feel on the skin, of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component, in sebum control, or in odor control, or in modulating fragrance notes, or in modifying fragrance notes, or in suppressing fragrance notes, or in topical applications, or in covering the odor of 1-octen-3-ol, or in masking insect-attracting odors, or in insect repelling. Summary of the invention To address the above problem, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising or consisting of: (a) at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol; and (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol; where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol; or where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol. Furthermore, the present invention provides in a second aspect a composition comprising or consisting of: (a) at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol; and (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol; where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol; or where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol. Furthermore, in another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of compositions according to the present invention for improving the organoleptic properties, i.e., the feel on the skin, of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component, for sebum control, or for odor control, or for modulating fragrance notes, or for modifying fragrance notes, or for suppressing fragrance notes, or for topical applications, or for covering the odor of 1-octen-3-ol, or for masking insect-attracting odors. Finally, in an additional aspect, the present invention relates to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a composition according to the present invention, wherein the product is a deodorant and / or antiperspirant, aerosol deodorant, atomizer deodorant, stick deodorant, roll-on deodorant, deodorant cream, deodorant wipes, deodorant crystals, Pickering emulsions, hydrodispersion gels, skin balms, shampoo, shower gel, bath foam, micellar water, facial cleansing solutions, cleansing wipes, intimate spray, intimate cream, intimate wash lotion, intimate wipes, foot spray, foot spray, foot bath, foot balm, soap, liquid wash product, shower and bath preparation, bath product, bath capsule, bath oil, bath bar, bath salt, bath soap, effervescent preparation, concentrated mouthwash,Ready-to-use mouthwash, repellent, insect repellent applications, in particular insect repellent lotion, spray, solution or cream, mosquito repellents, human odor masking applications, perfume compositions and toothpaste. The present invention is based on the recognition that compositions according to the present invention comprising a linear 1,2-alkanediol with a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms and at least a linear 2,3-alkanediol with a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms are multifunctional compositions that provide an excellent antioxidant-enhancing effect in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition or in a household care product, an excellent organoleptic-improving effect in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component, an excellent antimicrobial effect, an excellent odor-covering effect, and excellent effects in modulating, modifying, or suppressing fragrance notes.and an excellent sebum-reducing effect that leads to a reduction or minimization of the overproduction of sebum of the skin or scalp and / or reduces dandruff of the skin or scalp after application of the composition of the present invention. Therefore, the use of compositions according to the present invention leads to an improvement in the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant, especially in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition or a household care product. Additionally, the use of the compositions according to the present invention results in an improvement of the organoleptic properties in terms of spreadability, greasy / oily feel on the skin and absorption (residue left on the skin after application) of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component. Furthermore, the use of the compositions according to the present invention leads to a reduced production of unpleasant odor compounds from sweat by microbes on the skin or scalp, which is inhibited due to the excellent antimicrobial effect. Additionally, the unpleasant odor of the compounds contained in sweat is effectively reduced due to the odor masking provided by the composition according to the present invention (odor masking). The compositions according to the present invention provide excellent effects for modulating, modifying, or suppressing undesirable fragrance notes. In particular, the odor of 1-octen-3-ol can be effectively masked, while at the same time, the odor of insect repellents is not significantly affected.Therefore, the compositions of the present invention can be used to provide effective insect repellents and to mask insect-attracting odors. Furthermore, the compositions according to the present invention are compatible with various media, such as water, ethanol, or glycols. Therefore, the compositions according to the present invention are highly effective in enhancing the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant, improving spreadability, reducing the oily skin feel, and enhancing the absorption of a liquid lipophilic component, controlling sebum, controlling odors, modulating fragrance notes, modifying fragrance notes, suppressing fragrance notes, in topical applications, covering the odor of 1-octen-3-ol, masking insect-attracting odors, and repelling insects. Finally, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions or compounds according to the present invention are toxicologically acceptable, easily tolerated by the skin, stable, inexpensive to prepare, easy to formulate, active at different pH values, and do not have an unpleasant odor. Figures Figure 1 is a diagram showing the synergistic antimicrobial effect of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol. Figures 2a and 2b are diagrams showing the results of odor modification of C7 and C8 alkanediols according to Example B.2. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the results of odor modification of compositions containing 1-octen-3-ol according to example B.3. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the impact of different 1,2-alkanediols and 2,3-alkanediols on sebum production from sebaceous glands. Figure 5 is a diagram showing the impact of 1,2-nonanediol at different concentrations on sebum production from the sebaceous glands. Figures 6a and 6b are diagrams showing the ROS scores of different compositions comprising tocopherol and / or a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol in a lipophilic test system. Figures 7a and 7b are diagrams showing the ROS scores of different compositions comprising tocopherol and / or a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol in an aqueous / alcoholic test system. Figure 8 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol, tocopherol and 1,2-heptanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (95:5). Figure 9 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-heptanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-heptanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (98:2). Figure 10 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-heptanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-heptanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (99:1). Figure 11 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-hexanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-hexanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-hexanediol and 2,3-hexanediol (95:5) (not according to the invention). Figure 12 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-hexanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-hexanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-hexanediol and 2,3-hexanediol (50:50) (not according to the invention). Figure 13 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-octanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-octanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol (50:50). Figure 14 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-decanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-decanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-decanediol (95:5) (not according to the invention). Figure 15 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-decanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-decanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-decanediol (50:50) (not according to the invention). Figure 16 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-heptanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-hexanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-hexanediol (50:50) (not according to the invention). Figure 17 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-heptanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-octanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol (95:5). Figure 18 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of tocopherol and 1,2-nonanediol, tocopherol and 2,3-nonanediol, and tocopherol and a mixture of 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol (50:50). Figure 19 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of Symdecanox HA and 1,2-heptanediol, Symdecanox HA and 2,3-heptanediol, and Symdecanox HA and a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (95:5). Figure 20 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of Symdecanox HA and 1,2-octanediol, Symdecanox HA and 2,3-octanediol, and Symdecanox HA and a mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol (95:5). Figure 21 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate and 1,2-heptanediol, pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate and 2,3-heptanediol, and pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate and a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (95:5). Figure 22 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of hydroxyacetophenone and 1,2-heptanediol, hydroxyacetophenone and 2,3-heptanediol, and hydroxyacetophenone. Figure 23 is a diagram showing the delta IP values ​​of ascorbyl palmitate and 1,2-heptanediol, ascorbyl palmitate and 2,3-heptanediol. Figure 24 is a diagram showing the ROS scores of different compositions comprising dihydroavenanthramide D and 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol or mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol according to the present invention in an aqueous / alcoholic test system. Figure 25 is a diagram showing the ROS scores of different compositions comprising cannabidiol and 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol or a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol according to the present invention in an aqueous / alcoholic test system. Figures 26a and 26b are diagrams showing the masking effect according to example B.4 (samples A, B, C, D). Detailed description of the invention The present invention is specified in the appended claims. The invention itself, and its preferred variants, other objects, and advantages, are, however, also apparent from the following detailed description together with the accompanying examples. The present invention relates in a first aspect to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising or consisting of: (a) at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol; and (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol; where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol; or where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol. In an alternative not according to the invention, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition or the household care product comprises or consists of: (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 5 to 13 carbon atoms. Furthermore, the present invention relates in a second aspect to a composition comprising or consisting of: (a) at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol; and (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol; where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol; or where i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol. In an alternative not of the invention, the composition product comprises or consists of: (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 5 to 13 carbon atoms. Preferably, the composition comprises: (a) at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms; is a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition. The expression "comprising" means that the named components are essential, but other components may be added and it is still covered by the present invention. The expression "consisting of", as used in accordance with the present invention, means that the total amount of components (a) to (b) adds up to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, and means that the subject matter is closed and may only include the limitations expressly mentioned. Whenever reference is made to "that includes", it is intended to cover both meanings as alternatives, that is, the meaning can be "that includes" or "that consists of", unless the context dictates otherwise. The expression "at least one" means that the pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to the present invention may comprise any one or a mixture of two, three, four, five, six or even more different of the respective components following that expression. The term "optionally" means that the compound described below may, but does not necessarily, be present in the composition, and that the description includes variants in which the compound is included or variants in which the compound is absent. Alkanediols are glycols, that is, any of a class of organic compounds belonging to the alcohol family; in the molecule of a glycol, two hydroxyl groups (-OH) are attached to different carbon atoms of a carbon chain. In the context of this text, the terms "1,2-alkanediol" and "2,3-alkanediol" include both the corresponding S-configuration enantiomers and the R-configuration enantiomers, as well as arbitrary mixtures of these S- and R-configuration enantiomers, i.e., mixtures of racemates of the respective diols. The compositions according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention comprise a component (a), namely, at least a linear 1,2-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms, and a component (b), namely, at least a linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms. In a second alternative not of the invention, the compositions comprise only component (b), i.e., at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 5 to 13 carbon atoms. Component (a) The component (a) in the compositions according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention is at least a linear 1,2-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms. The compositions hereunder comprise a 1,2-alkanediol. The at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms in the compositions according to the first and second aspects of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-heptanediol, 1,2-octanediol and 1,2-nonanediol. Component (a) belongs to the category of alkanediols and are linear chain alkanediols and are represented by the following formulas: More preferably, component (a) of the composition of the invention is 1,2-heptanediol or 1,2-octanediol. Of the aforementioned linear 1,2-alkanediols, the following 1,2-alkanediol is particularly preferred according to the invention: 1,2-heptanediol. Said alkanediol is a liquid with a purity of 90 to 99%. Preferably, the composition of the present invention comprises component (a) in an amount of 0.001 to 15.0% by weight, in particular in an amount of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight, more preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, even more preferably in an amount of 0.3 to 3.0% by weight, most preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Component (b) The component (b) in the compositions according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention is at least a linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms. Preferably, the compositions according to the present comprise one or two different 2,3-alkanediols. The at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms in the compositions according to the first and second aspects of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, 2,3-nonanediol, and certain mixtures thereof. Component (b) belongs to the category of alkanediols and are linear chain alkanediols and are represented by the following formulas: More preferably, component (b) of the composition of the invention is 2,3-heptanediol or 2,3-octanediol. Of the aforementioned linear 2,3-alkanediols, the following 2,3-alkanediols are particularly preferred: 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, and 2,3-nonanediol. These alkanediols are liquids with a purity of 90 to 99%. Of the liquid alkanediols mentioned above, 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, 2,3-nonanediol, or certain mixtures of these liquid alkanediols are particularly preferred. These 2,3-alkanediols can be more easily incorporated into semi-finished or finished products. Due to their sebum-reducing effect, 2,3-alkanediols are particularly preferred in compositions according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention. Preferably, the composition of the present invention comprises component (b) in an amount of 0.001 to 15.0% by weight, in particular in an amount of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight, more preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, even more preferably in an amount of 0.3 to 3.0% by weight, most preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the composition comprises a mixture comprising at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms and at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms, wherein the number of carbon atoms of the 1,2-alkanediol and the 2,3-alkanediol is the same or different. If both the 1,2-alkanediol and the 2,3-alkanediol have the same number of carbon atoms, such an alkanediol combination is also referred to herein as an "alkanediol homomixture" or "homocombination." For example, linear 1,2-alkanediol and linear 2,3-alkanediol have a carbon chain of 7 carbon atoms. If the 1,2-alkanediol and 2,3-alkanediol have a different number of carbon atoms, such an alkanediol combination is also referred to herein as an "alkanediol heteromixture" or "heterocombination." For example, linear 1,2-alkanediol has a carbon chain of 7 carbon atoms, and linear 2,3-alkanediol has a carbon chain of 8 carbon atoms. Therefore, compositions according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention may include one of the following combinations of component (a) and component (b): 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol; or 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol; or 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol; either 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-heptanediol; or 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol; or 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol; either 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-heptanediol; either 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-octanediol; either 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol. More preferably, the composition according to the first or second aspect of the present invention preferably comprises one of the following alkanediol heteromixtures: a mixture comprising 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol; or a mixture comprising 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol. In these preferred alkanediol heteromixtures, the 1,2-alkanediol and the 2,3-alkanediol have a different number of carbon atoms. In a further preferred embodiment, the compositions according to the first or second aspect of the present invention include an alkanediol mixture or combination wherein component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol. In a further preferred embodiment, the compositions according to the first or second aspect of the present invention include an alkanediol mixture or combination wherein component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol. In a further preferred embodiment, the compositions according to the first or second aspect of the present invention include an alkandiol mixture or combination wherein component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol. A combination is particularly favorable that includes an alkanediol combination in which component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol, or an alkanediol combination in which component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol, or an alkanediol combination in which component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol. In these preferred alkanediol homomixtures, the 1,2-alkanediol and the 2,3-alkanediol have the same number of carbon atoms. The alkanediol compositions specified above, according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, significantly enhance, even synergistically enhance, the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant, as demonstrated by the following examples. Therefore, the compositions according to the present invention are highly suitable as ingredients in compositions for use in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions susceptible to oxidation and comprising an antioxidant, since they prevent oxidative degradation in the formulation and thus extend shelf life. Additionally, these specified alkanediol compositions are capable of improving the skin feel of liquid lipophilic components in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, as demonstrated by the following examples. Therefore, the compounds are well-suited as ingredients for use in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a liquid lipophilic component that has poor inherent spreadability, causes a greasy / oily feel on the skin, or simply has poor absorption and leaves residue on the skin or scalp after application. Furthermore, the alkanediol compositions specified according to the present invention exhibit an excellent sebum-reducing effect, leading to a reduction or minimization of sebum overproduction on the skin or scalp and / or reducing dandruff on the skin or scalp after application, as demonstrated by the following examples. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention can be used as ingredients in sebum-control compositions. The alkanediol compositions specified above, according to either aspect 1 or aspect 2 of the present invention, surprisingly possess a synergistic antimicrobial effect. Furthermore, these compositions also surprisingly exhibit a synergistic odor-covering effect and an excellent effect in masking insect-attracting odors. In particular, the unpleasant odor of 1-octen-3-ol can be effectively masked by these compositions. Therefore, these compositions can be used in odor control applications, for topical applications, to mask the unpleasant odor of 1-octen-3-ol, and to mask insect-attracting odors. Moreover, the strong initial odor of insect repellents, such as citriodiol, can be reduced without significantly hindering the long-term efficacy of the insect repellent.Therefore, these compositions can be used in more effective and pleasant insect repellent products. The individual components (a) provide an excellent sebum-reducing effect, and it is believed that the combination of components (a) and (b) leads to an enhanced sebum-reducing effect, perhaps even a synergistic one. Finally, these compositions can be used to modulate, modify, or suppress fragrance notes in various compositions. In the context of the present invention, the term "odor covering" means that the unpleasant odor of one or more media or a composition is completely eliminated or reduced, but the covering is not achieved through an advantageous intrinsic odor of an added compound. Generally, the unpleasant odor of a substance or composition is improved by adding a compound that exhibits an odor-covering effect; however, the added compound does not improve the unpleasant odor of the substance or composition due to a beneficial intrinsic odor of the added compound. The added compound is a neutral-odor molecule without a beneficial intrinsic odor. Therefore, in the context of the present invention, the term "odor covering" does not refer to fragrance compounds that only cover an unpleasant odor due to a strong beneficial intrinsic odor.In the context of the present invention, the term "odor control" means the complete suppression or inhibition of the formation of an unpleasant odor and / or the complete suppression or reduction of an existing unpleasant odor. For example, the suppression or inhibition of the formation of an unpleasant odor can be achieved by suppressing or inhibiting the production of sweat and / or by suppressing or inhibiting microbial activity. The suppression or reduction of an existing unpleasant odor is achieved by masking the odor. Therefore, "odor control" can be achieved by inhibiting the development of unpleasant odors and / or by masking the odor. In the context of the present invention, the expression "topical application" means that the application takes place on a surface, or on the skin or scalp of a human or mammal. In a further preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention is a composition, wherein component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or wherein component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or wherein component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol. Compositions according to this preferred embodiment enhance the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, improve the organoleptic properties (i.e., the feel on the skin) of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component, or possess a synergistic antimicrobial effect. Furthermore, these compositions exhibit an excellent odor-masking effect, perhaps even a synergistic odor-masking effect, and an excellent effect in masking insect-attracting odors. The individual components (a) provide an excellent sebum-reducing effect, and the combination of components (a) and (b) is believed to lead to an enhanced sebum-reducing effect, perhaps even a synergistic sebum-reducing effect.Therefore, these compositions can be used for sebum control, odor management, topical applications, and to mask insect-attracting odors. Finally, these compositions can be used to modulate, modify, or suppress fragrance notes in different compositions. The compositions according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention may comprise component (a) and component (b) in a ratio in the range of 99.5:0.5 to 0.5:99.5; the ratio of compounds (a) and (b) is preferably from 99:1 to 1:99, more preferably the ratio of compounds (a) and (b) is from 98:2 to 2:98. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions according to the first or second aspect of the present invention comprise 1,2-alkanediol (component (a)) and 2,3-alkanediol (component (b)) in a ratio in the range of 50:50 to 99:0.1, preferably in a ratio in the range of 75:25 to 99:1, more preferably in a ratio in the range of 80:20 to 98:2, even more preferably in a ratio in the range of 90:10 to 95:5. In the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, the 1,2-alkanediol and the 2,3-alkanediol are preferably comprised in a ratio in the range of 98:2 to 99.9:0.1. More preferably, the 1,2-alkanediol (component (a)) and the 2,3-alkanediol (component (b)) are included in the composition according to the first or second aspect of the present invention preferably in a ratio in the range of 95:5, more preferably in a ratio of 96:4; even more preferably in a ratio of 97:3, and most preferably in a ratio of 98:2. In particular, the composition according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises 1, 2-alkanediol (component (a)) and 2, 3-alkanediol (component (b)) in a ratio in the range of 95:5, including the ratios 95, 5: 4, 5; 96: 4; 96, 5: 3, 5; 97: 3; 97, 5: 2, 5 and 98, 0: 2, 0. Even more preferably, the composition according to the first aspect of the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention comprises 1,2-alkanediol (component (a)) and 2,3-alkanediol (component (b)) in a ratio in the range of 98:2, including the ratios of 98,1:1.9; 98,2:1.8; 98,3:1.7; 98,4:1.6; 98,5:1.5; 98,6:1.4; 98,7:1.3; 98,8:1.2; 98,9:1.1; 99:1.0; 99,1:0.9; 99,2:0.8; 99, 3: 0, 7; 99, 4: 0, 6; 99, 5: 0, 5; 99, 6: 0, 4; 99, 7: 0, 3; 99, 8: 0, 2 and 99, 9: 0, 1. By using the compositions, where the ratio between component (a) and component (b) is as defined above, beneficial and even synergistic effects can be achieved, such as antioxidant enhancement, improved skin feel of liquid lipophilic components, sebum reduction, odor masking, and antimicrobial effects. Furthermore, the fragrance notes can be modulated, modified, and / or omitted. Preferably, the compositions of the present invention are compositions in which the ratio between component (a) and component (b) is 95:5 to 5:95, or 90:10 to 10:90, or 80:20 to 20:80, or 70:30 to 30:70, or 60:40 to 40:60, or the ratio is 50:50. Using compositions in which the ratio of compounds (a) and (b) is as defined above, synergistic effects such as sebum reduction, odor masking, and antimicrobial effects can be achieved. In addition, the fragrance notes can be modulated, modified, and / or suppressed. Therefore, the compositions are well-suited for sebum control, odor control, topical applications, and modulating, modifying, and suppressing fragrance notes. Furthermore, these compositions can effectively mask the bad odor of 1-octen-3-ol.Therefore, these compositions are useful for masking the unpleasant odor of 1-octen-3-ol and for disguising insect-attracting scents. Furthermore, these compositions can reduce the strong initial odor of insect repellents, such as citriodiol, without significantly compromising the long-term effectiveness of the repellent. Consequently, these compositions can be used in effective and more palatable insect repellent products. Preferably, the composition of the present invention is a composition in which the ratio between component (a) and component (b) is 99.5:0.5 to 50:50, or 99:1 to 50:50, or 98:2 to 50:50, or 95:5 to 50:50, or 90:10 to 50:50, or 80:20 to 50:50, or 70:30 to 50:50, or 60:40 to 50:50, most preferably the ratio between compounds (a) and (b) is 95:5 to 50:50. Preferably, the composition of the present invention is a composition wherein the ratio between component (a) and component (b) is 99.5:0.5, or 99:1, or 98:2, or 95:5, or 90:10, or 80:20, or 70:30, or 60:40, or 50:50, or 40:60, or 30:70, or 20:80, or 10:90, or 5:95, or 2:98, or 1:99, or 0.5:99.5, more preferably, the ratio of compounds (a) and (b) is 99:1, or 98:2, or 95:5, or 90:10, or 80:20, or 70:30, or 60:40, or 50:50. and even more preferably the ratio of compounds (a) and (b) is 95:5, or 90:10, or 80:20, or 50:50. In a more advantageous embodiment according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, in compositions comprising a combination of a 1,2-alkanediol as component (a) and the corresponding 2,3-alkanediol as component (b), such as 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol, or 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol, or 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, the 1,2-alkanediol (component (a)) and the 2,3-alkanediol (component (b)) are present in a ratio in the range of 50:50 to 99:0.1, preferably in a ratio in the range of 75:25 to 99:1, more preferably in a ratio in the range of 80:20 to 98:2, even more preferable in a ratio within a range of 90:10 to 95:5. Similarly, for such mixtures, the ratios of 1,2-alkanediol as component (a) : 2,3-alkanediol as component (b) or ratio ranges as described above are also applicable. Through these mixing ratios, the aforementioned mixtures show enhanced or even synergistic effects, as described above, in direct comparison with the corresponding individual substances, 1, 2-alkanediols or 2, 3-alkanediols. The component (a) (1,2-alkanediol) and the component (b) (2,3-alkanediol) according to the first or second aspect of the present invention may be present in the composition in an amount of 0.001 to 15.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises the component (a) (1,2-alkanediol) and the component (b) (2,3-alkanediol) in an amount of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In a more preferred embodiment, the component (a) (1,2-alkanediol) and the component (b) are advantageously used in the composition in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In an even more preferred variant, component (a) (1, 2-alkanediol) and component (b) (2, 3-alkanediol) are present in the composition in an amount of 0.3 to 3.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.Most preferably, component (a) (1, 2-alkanediol) and component (b) (2, 3-alkanediol) are advantageously used in the composition in an amount of 0.5 to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition according to the first or second aspect comprises the 2,3-alkanediol in an amount of 0.001 to 15.0% by weight, preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight, more preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, even more preferably in an amount of 0.3 to 3.0% by weight, and most preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Even more preferably, the composition according to the first or second aspect comprises the 2,3-alkanediol in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5% by weight, preferably in an amount of 0.005 to 0.1% by weight, and most preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 0.075% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. The compositions according to the present comprise one or two different 2,3-alkanediols. The at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol having a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms in the compositions according to the first and second aspects of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, 2,3-nonanediol, and certain mixtures thereof. These specified 2,3-alkanediols enhance the antioxidant effect of an antioxidant, as demonstrated by the following examples. Therefore, these compounds are highly suitable as ingredients in cosmetic or pharmaceutical formulations, or in household care products susceptible to oxidation and containing an antioxidant, as they prevent oxidative degradation within the formulation and thus extend shelf life. Additionally, these specified 2,3-alkanediols are capable of improving the skin feel of liquid lipophilic components in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, as demonstrated by the following examples. Therefore, these compounds are well-suited as ingredients for use in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a liquid lipophilic component that has poor inherent spreadability, causes a greasy / oily feel on the skin, or simply has poor absorption and leaves residues on the skin or scalp after application. Furthermore, 2,3-alkanediols exhibit an excellent sebum-reducing effect, leading to a reduction or minimization of sebum overproduction on the skin or scalp and / or reducing dandruff on the skin or scalp after application of the composition of the present invention. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention can be used for sebum control. Component (b), namely 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, and 2,3-nonanediol, exhibits an antimicrobial effect and an odor-masking effect. Therefore, these compounds are well-suited as ingredients in compositions for odor treatment and topical applications, i.e., on surfaces or on the skin or scalp of humans or mammals. Of the linear 2,3-alkanediols mentioned, the following 2,3-alkanediols are particularly preferred: 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, and 2,3-nonanediol. These alkanediols are liquids with a purity of 90 to 99%. Of the liquid alkanediols mentioned above, 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, 2,3-nonanediol, or certain mixtures of these liquid alkanediols are particularly preferred. These 2,3-alkanediols can be more easily incorporated into semi-finished or finished products. Preferably, component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol. Due to their sebum-reducing effect, 2,3-alkanediols are particularly preferred in compositions according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention. Additionally, by mixing the corresponding liquid 2,3-alkanediol, even in small quantities, with a solid 1,2-alkanediol, solid 1,2-alkanediols, such as 1,2-octanediol, 1,2-nonanediol, etc., can be dissolved, resulting in a liquid alkanediol mixture. The 2,3-alkanediol acts as a solvent for the solid 1,2-alkanediols. Such liquid mixtures have the advantage of, firstly, improving the availability of the solid 1,2-alkanediol in the mixture and, secondly, facilitating the incorporation of the solid 1,2-alkanediol into semi-finished or finished products. This effect is particularly favorable for emulsions, in which lipophilic 1,2-alkanediols having a carbon chain of 8 or more carbon atoms, when used alone, tend to migrate to the oil phase or tend to precipitate or recrystallize. By dissolving solid 1,2-octanediol in liquid 2,3-octanediol or solid 1,2-nonanediol in liquid 2,3-nonanediol, the availability of 1,2-octanediol or 1,2-nonanediol can be equally improved in end use. Therefore, with the aforementioned properties of the specified alkanediol mixtures that include a 1,2-alkanediol and the respective 2,3-alkanediol, the processability in formulations can be improved. Therefore, a good balance can be achieved when the alkanediol mixture is combined in such a way as to maintain the effects described above while simultaneously improving processability in formulations. The combinations of 1,2-alkanediol and the corresponding 2,3-alkanediol specified above resolve this balancing problem compared to the 1,2-alkanediol or 2,3-alkanediol substances alone. Combinations such as those comprising 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol, as well as 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol, exhibit this effect. The same applies to 1,2-nonanediol in combination with 2,3-nonanediol. Furthermore, cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol offer the advantage of excellent formulation properties combined with good antimicrobial activity. Preferably, these 2,3-alkanediols have a carbon chain of 7 to 9 carbon atoms. Longer chains exhibit greater antimicrobial activity, but this must be balanced with formulability in cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Additionally, a pleasant skin feel is important and can be achieved with 2,3-alkanediols, particularly those with chain lengths of C8 and C9. This balance between formulability and antimicrobial properties is achieved with the aforementioned alkanediols, particularly those with chain lengths of C8 to C10, hence C8, C9, and C10.However, longer C11 and C12 chain lengths are also possible for 2,3-alkanediols, which perform better than the corresponding higher 1,2-alkanediols of the same length. In a preferred embodiment of the second alternative composition according to either the first or second aspect of the present invention, component (b) (2,3-alkanediol) is present in the composition in an amount of 0.001 to 15.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In a preferred embodiment of the second alternative composition, the composition comprises component (b) (2,3-alkanediol) in an amount of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In a more preferred embodiment, component (b) is advantageously used in the composition in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In an even more preferred embodiment, component (b) (2,3-alkanediol) is present in the composition in an amount of 0.3 to 3.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.Most preferably, component (b) (2, 3-alkanediol) is advantageously used in the composition of the second alternative in an amount of 0.5 to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Even more preferably, the composition according to the first or second aspect comprises 2,3-alkanediol in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5% by weight, preferably in an amount of 0.005 to 0.1% by weight, and most preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 0.075% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Component (c) In a preferred embodiment, the compositions of the present invention are compositions that further comprise: (c) at least one or more insect-repellent compounds, in particular, an insect-repellent compound; selected from the group consisting of: 1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine, N,N-diethyl-metatoluamide, p-menthane-3,8-diol, ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate, 2-undecanone, as well as essential oils, such as citronella oil, lemongrass oil, lavender oil, neem oil and eucalyptus oil, in particular p-menthane-3,8-diol, essential oils, such as citronella oil, lemongrass oil, lavender oil, neem oil and eucalyptus oil. Preferably, compound (c) is at least one or more insect-repellent compounds selected from the group consisting of 1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, p-menthane-3,8-diol, ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate, 2-undecanone, and essential oils such as citronella oil, lemongrass oil, lavender oil, neem oil, and eucalyptus oil, particularly p-menthane-3,8-diol. Essential oils such as citronella oil, lemongrass oil, lavender oil, neem oil, and eucalyptus oil are more preferably selected from the group consisting of 1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, p-menthane-3,8-diol, and ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate, most preferably, the insect repellent compound is p-menthane-3,8-diol (citriodiol). Compositions comprising compound (c) are well-suited for masking insect-attracting odors and repelling insects. The combination of compounds (a) and (b) leads to a reduction in body odor and the masking of insect-attracting odors, such as the odor of 1-octen-3-ol, thus making biting insects less attractive. Furthermore, the insect-repellent compound (c) ensures the repulsion of insects from the skin of humans or mammals. These effects reinforce each other and can therefore provide excellent insect repellent application. Moreover, the use of compositions of the present invention can reduce the strong initial odor of insect repellents such as citriodiol without significantly hindering the long-term effectiveness of the insect repellent.Therefore, very pleasant insect repellent products can be provided to users. Preferably, the compositions according to the present invention are compositions comprising compound (c) in an amount of 0.1 to 50.0% by weight, in particular in an amount of 0.5 to 45.0% by weight, more particularly in an amount of 1.0 to 40% by weight, most particularly in an amount of 2.0 to 25.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Component (d) Preferably, the compositions according to the present invention are compositions that further comprise: (d) at least one cosmetically or pharmaceutically active substance and / or additive. Within the context of the present invention, it is also possible, and in some advantageous cases, to combine the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention with other active substances, adjuvants, or additives. The at least one cosmetic or pharmaceutically active substance and / or additive according to the present invention may be any cosmetic or pharmaceutically active substance and / or additive known in the art. Preferably, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises at least one cosmetically or pharmaceutically active substance and / or additive. Optionally, other conventional cosmetic and / or pharmaceutically active substances, adjuvants or additives, as further described below, may be added as component (d), i.e. to obtain a ready-to-use composition or formulation. The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can be advantageously combined with other cosmetically or pharmaceutically active agents and / or adjuvants and / or additives or auxiliaries, such as those commonly used in such compositions, such as, for example, abrasives, anti-acne agents, skin-aging agents, anti-cellulite agents, anti-dandruff agents, anti-inflammatory agents, antimicrobial agents, irritation-preventing agents, irritation-inhibiting agents, antioxidants, astringents, odor absorbers, perspiration-inhibiting agents, antiseptic agents, antistatic agents, binders, buffers, carrier materials, chelating agents, cell stimulants, cleansing agents, depilatory agents, surfactants, deodorizing agents, antiperspirants, softeners, emulsifiers, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, essential oils, fibers, film-forming agents,fixatives, foaming agents, foam stabilizers, antifoaming agents, foam boosters, gelling agents, gel-forming agents, hair care agents, hair fixing agents, hair straightening agents, moisturizing agents, humectants, moisture-retaining substances, bleaching agents, strengthening agents, stain removers, optical brighteners, impregnating agents, soil-repellent agents, colorants, friction-reducing agents, lubricants, moisturizers, ointments, opacifying agents, plasticizing agents, coating agents, polishes, preservatives, glossing agents, ecological and synthetic polymers, powders, proteins, re-greasing agents, abrasive agents, silicones, skin-soothing agents, skin-cleansing agents, skin care agents, skin-healing agentsskin-lightening agents, skin-protecting agents, skin-softening agents, hair-stimulating agents, cooling agents, skin-cooling agents, warming agents, skin-warming agents, stabilizers, surfactants, UV-absorbing agents, UV filters, primary sun protection factors, secondary sun protection factors, detergents, tissue-conditioning agents, suspending agents, skin-tanning agents, skin or hair pigmentation modulating agents, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, skin-wetting agents, glycosaminoglycan stimulators, TRPV1 antagonists, desquamating agents, anti-cellulite or fat-enhancing agents, hair growth activators or inhibitors, thickeners, rheological additives, vitamins, oils, waxes, pearlescent waxes, fats, phospholipids, saturated fatty acids,monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids, β-hydroxy acids, polyhydroxylated fatty acids, liquefying agents, coloring agents, color protectants, pigments, anticorrosives, fragrances or perfume oils, aromas, saporiferous substances, odoriferous substances, polyols, electrolytes, organic solvents and mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned substances, as described below. Preferably, at least one cosmetic or pharmaceutically active substance and / or additive is selected from the group consisting of antimicrobial compounds, cooling agents, skin anti-aging agents, antioxidants, chelating agents, emulsifiers, preservatives, ecological and synthetic polymers, rheological additives, oils, fragrances or perfume oils, polyols and mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned substances. In some cases, cosmetically or pharmaceutically active agents and / or adjuvants and / or additives may provide one or more of a benefit or act through more than one mode of action. Since dermatological conditions or diseases are often associated with dry skin, cracked skin, skin lesions, or even inflammation, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention advantageously contains anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, or antifungal substances, substances that have an action to relieve redness or to relieve itching, soothing substances, moisturizers and / or cooling agents, osmolytes, keratolytic substances, nourishing substances, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, or antifungal substances, substances that have an action to relieve redness or to relieve itching, soothing substances, anti-dandruff substances, or other active compounds, such as solvents, fragrances, antioxidants, preservatives, chelating agents (of metals), penetration enhancers, or mixtures of two or more of the agents specified above, as described below. Anti-aging active ingredients: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably contains one or more anti-aging active ingredients. In the context of the invention, the anti-aging or biogenic agents are, for example, antioxidants, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs), skin moisturizers, glycosaminoglycan stimulators, anti-inflammatory agents, TRPV1 antagonists, and plant extracts. Antioxidants: A preferred cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises one or more antioxidants. Suitable antioxidants include amino acids (preferably glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (preferably urocanic acid) and their derivatives, peptides, preferably D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and their derivatives (preferably anserine), carnitine, creatine, matrikine peptides (preferably lysyl-threonine-threonine-lysylserine) and palmitoylated pentapeptides, carotenoids, carotenes (preferably alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene) and their derivatives, lipoic acid and its derivatives (preferably dihydrolipoic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (preferably thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and glucosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl,gamma-linoleyl, cholesteryl, glyceryl and oligoglyceryl esters thereof) and salts thereof, dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and derivatives thereof (preferably esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and sulfoximine compounds (preferably butyronine sulfoximines, homocysteine ​​sulfoximine, butyronine sulfones, penta, hexa, heptathionine sulfoximine) at very low tolerated doses (e.g., from pmol / kg to µmol / kg), also metal chelators (preferably alpha-hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin, alpha-hydroxy acids (preferably citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, tannins, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and derivatives thereof), unsaturated fatty acids and derivatives thereof (preferably gamma-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid),folic acid and derivatives thereof, ubiquinone and derivatives thereof, ubiquinol and derivatives thereof, vitamin C and derivatives (preferably ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbyl glucoside), tocopherols and derivatives (preferably vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) and coniferyl benzoate of benzoin resin, rutinic acid and derivatives thereof, flavonoids and glycosylated precursors thereof, in particular quercetin and derivatives thereof, preferably alpha-glucosyl rutin, rosmarinic acid, carnosol, carnosolic acid, resveratrol, caffeic acid and derivatives thereof, sinapic acid and derivatives thereof, ferulic acid and derivatives thereof, curcuminoids, chlorogenic acid and derivatives thereof, retinoids, preferably retinyl palmitate, retinol or tretinoin, acid ursolic acid, levulinic acid, butyl hydroxytoluene, butyl hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguaiacic acid,nordihydroguaiaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and derivatives thereof, mannose and derivatives thereof, zinc and derivatives thereof (preferably ZnO, ZnSO4), selenium and derivatives thereof (preferably selenium methionine), superoxide dismutase, stilbenes and derivatives thereof (preferably stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and derivatives (salts, esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of these aforementioned active ingredients that are suitable according to the invention, or extracts or fractions of plants with an antioxidant effect, preferably green tea, rooibos, honeybush, grape, rosemary, sage, lemon balm, thyme, lavender, olive, oats, cocoa, ginkgo, ginseng, licorice, honeysuckle, sophora, pueraria, pine, citrus fruits, Phyllanthus emblica or St. John's wort, grape seeds, wheat germ, Phyllanthus emblica, coenzymes, preferably coenzyme Q10,Plastoquinone and menaquinone. The preferred antioxidants are selected from the group consisting of vitamin A and derivatives, vitamin C and derivatives, tocopherol and derivatives, preferably tocopheryl acetate, and ubiquinone. If vitamin E and / or derivatives thereof are used as one or more antioxidants, it is advantageous to select their concentrations from the range of approximately 0.001 to approximately 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. If vitamin A or vitamin A derivatives, or carotenes or derivatives thereof, are used as one or more antioxidants, it is advantageous to select their concentrations from the range of approximately 0.001 to approximately 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs): A preferred cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises one or more matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, especially those that inhibit matrix metalloproteinases that enzymatically cleave collagen, selected from the group consisting of: ursolic acid, retinyl palmitate, propyl gallate, precocenes, 6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1(2H)-benzopyran, 3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1(2H)-benzopyran, benzamidine hydrochloride, the cysteine ​​protease inhibitors N-ethylmalemide and epsilon-amino-n-caproic acid, and the erynprotease inhibitors: phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, colhibin (Pentapharm company; INCI: hydrolyzed rice protein). , oenotherol (Soliance company;INCI: Propylene glycol, water, Oenothera biennis root extract, ellagic acid and ellagitannins (e.g., from pomegranate), phosphoramidone hinokitiol, EDTA, galardin, EquiStat (Collaborative Group company; apple extract, soy seed extract, ursolic acid, soy isoflavones and soy proteins), sage extracts, MDI (Atrium company; INCI: glycosaminoglycans), fermiskin (Silab / Mawi company; INCI: water and Lentinus edodes extract), actimp 1.9.3 (Expanscience / Rahn company; INCI: hydrolyzed lupin protein), Lipobelle soy aglycone (Mibelle company;INCI: alcohol, polysorbate 80, soy lecithin and isoflavones), green and black tea extracts and additional plant extracts, soy proteins or glycoproteins, hydrolyzed rice, pea or lupin proteins, plant extracts that inhibit MMPs, preferably shiitake mushroom extracts, leaf extracts from the Rosaceae family, subfamily Rosoideae, in particular, blackberry leaf extracts, such as, e.g., SymMatrix (Symrise company, INCI: maltodextrin, Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) leaf extract). The preferred active ingredients are selected from the group consisting of retinyl palmitate, ursolic acid, leaf extracts from the Rosaceae family, subfamily Rosoideae, genistein and daidzein. Skin moisturizing agents: A preferred cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises one or more skin moisturizing agents. The preferred skin moisturizing agents are selected from the group consisting of alkanediols or alkanethriols comprising 3 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably C3-C10 alkanediols and C3-C10 alkanethriols. More preferably, the skin moisturizing agents are selected from the group consisting of: glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, and 1,2-decanediol. Glycosaminoglycan stimulators: A preferred cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises one or more substances that stimulate the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid and derivatives or salts, Subliskin (Sederma, INCI: Sinorhizobium Meliloti ferment filtrate, cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose, lecithin), Hyalufix (BASF, INCI: water, butylene glycol, Alpinia galanga leaf extract, xanthan gum, caprylic / capric triglycerides), Stimulhyal (Soliance, INCI: calcium ketoglutonate), Syn-Glycan (DSM, INCI: tetradecyl aminobutyroylvalylaminobutyrourea trifluoroacetate, glycerin, magnesium chloride), Kalpariane (Biotech Marine), DC Upregulex (Distinctive Cosmetic Ingredients, INCI: water, butylene glycol, phospholipids, hydrolyzed sericin), glucosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine, retinoids, preferably retinol and vitamin A, Arctium lappa fruit extract,Eriobotrya japonica extract, Genkwanin, N-Methyl-L-serine, (-)-alpha-bisabolol or synthetic alpha-bisabolol, such as, for example, Dragosantol and Dragosantol 100 from Symrise, oat glucan, Echinacea purpurea extract, and soy protein hydrolysate. The preferred active ingredients are selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid and derivatives or salts, retinol and derivatives, (-)-alpha-bisabolol or synthetic alpha-bisabolol, such as, for example, Dragosantol and Dragosantol 100 from Symrise, oat glucan, Echinacea purpurea extract, Sinorhizobium melilot ferment filtrate, calcium ketogluconate, Alpinia galanga leaf extract, and tetradecyl aminobutyroylvalylaminobutyric acid trifluoroacetate urea. TRPV1 antagonists: A preferred cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises one or more TRPV1 antagonists. Suitable compounds that reduce cutaneous nerve hypersensitivity based on their action as TRPV1 antagonists include, for example, trans-4-tert-butylcyclohexanol, or indirect modulators of TRPV1 by activation of the µ receptor, for example, acetyl tetrapeptide-15, are preferred. Plant Extracts: A preferred cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises one or more plant extracts. Plant extracts, special highly active fractions of plant extracts, and highly pure active substances isolated from plant extracts may also be used in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention. Extracts, fractions, and active substances from chamomile, aloe vera, Commiphora species, Rubia species, willows, epilobium, ginger, marigold, arnica, Glycyrrhiza species, Echinacea species, Rubus species, and pure substances such as, among others, bisabolol, apigenin, apigenin-7-glucoside, gingerols such as [6]-gingerol, paradols such as [6]-paradol, boswellic acid, phytosterols, glycyrrhizin, glabridin, or licochalcone A are particularly preferred. Anti-inflammatory agents: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably also contains anti-inflammatory and / or redness-relieving and / or itching-reducing ingredients, in particular steroidal substances of the corticosteroid type, selected from the group consisting of hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, dexamethasone phosphate, methylprednisolone, or cortisone. These are advantageously used as anti-inflammatory active ingredients or for relieving redness and itching, and the list may be expanded by adding other steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may also be used. More specifically: (i) steroidal anti-inflammatory substances of the corticosteroid type, in particular hydrocortisone, hydrocortisone derivatives such as hydrocortisone 17-butyrate, dexamethasone, dexamethasone phosphate, methylprednisolone or cortisone, (ii) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory substances, in particular oxicams such as piroxicam or tenoxicam, salicylates such as aspirin, disalcid, solprin or fendosal, acetic acid derivatives such as diclofenac, fenclofenac, indomethacin, sulindac, tolmetin or clindac, fenamates such as mefenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, flufenamic acid or niflumic acid, propionic acid derivatives such as ibuprofen, naproxen or benoxaprofen, pyrazoles such as phenylbutazone, oxyphenylbutazone, febrazone or azapropazone, (iii) natural or naturally derived anti-inflammatory substances or substances that relieve redness and / or itching, in particular extracts or fractions of chamomile, aloe vera, Commiphora species, Rubia species, willow, epilobium, oats, calendula, arnica, St. John's wort, honeysuckle, rosemary, Passiflora incarnata, witch hazel, ginger or echinacea, or individual active compounds thereof, (iv) histamine receptor antagonists, serine protease inhibitors (e.g., from soy extracts), TRPV1 antagonists (e.g., 4-t-Butylcyclohexanol), NK1 antagonists (e.g., aprepitant, Hydroxyphenyl Propamidobenzoic Acid), cannabinoid receptor agonists (e.g., Palmitoyl Ethanolamine) and TRPV3 antagonists. Examples that can be mentioned in this case include oxicams, such as piroxicam or tenoxicam; salicylates, such as aspirin, Disalcid, Solprin, or Fendosal; acetic acid derivatives, such as diclofenac, fenclofenac, indomethacin, sulindac, tolmetin, or clindac; fenamates, such as mefenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, flufenamic acid, or niflumic acid; propionic acid derivatives, such as ibuprofen, naproxen, benoxaprofen; or pyrazoles, such as phenylbutazone, oxyphenylbutazone, febrazone, or azapropazone. Anthranilic acid derivatives are preferred anti-itch ingredients in a composition according to the present invention. Also useful are mixtures of natural or naturally derived anti-inflammatory substances or mixtures of substances that relieve redness and / or itching, in particular extracts or fractions of chamomile, aloe vera, Commiphora species, Rubia species, willow, epilobium, oats, calendula, arnica, St. John's wort, honeysuckle, rosemary, Passiflora incarnata, witch hazel, ginger or echinacea;preferably selected from the group consisting of extracts or fractions of chamomile, aloe vera, oats, calendula, arnica, honeysuckle, rosemary, witch hazel, ginger or echinacea, and / or pure substances, preferably alpha-bisabolol, apigenin, apigenin-7-glucoside, gingerols, shogaols, gingerdiols, dehydrogingerdiones, paradoles, natural or naturally derived avenanthramides, preferably tranilast, avenanthramide A, avenanthramide B, avenanthramide C, non-natural or non-naturally derived avenanthramides, preferably dihydroavenanthramide D, dihydroavenanthramide E, avenanthramide D, avenanthramide E, avenanthramide F, boswellic acid, phytosterols, glycyrrhizin, glabridin and licochalcone A;preferably selected from the group consisting of alpha-bisabolol, natural avenanthramides, non-natural avenanthramides, preferably dihydroavenanthramide D (as described in WO 2004047833 A1), boswellic acid, phytosterols, glycyrrhizin, licochalcone A and / or allantoin, panthenol, lanolin, (pseudo-)ceramides [preferably Ceramide 2, hydroxypropyl bispalmitamide MEA, cetyloxypropyl glyceryl methoxypropyl myristamide, N-(1-hexadecanoyl)-4-hydroxy-L-proline (1-hexadecyl) ester, hydroxyethyl palmityl oxyhydroxypropyl palmitamide], glycosphingolipids, phytosterols, chitosan, mannose, lactose and β-glucans, in particular 1,3->1,4-β-glucan from oats. When bisabolol is used in the context of the present invention, it may be of natural or synthetic origin, and preferably is "alpha-bisabolol". Preferably, the bisabolol used is synthetically prepared (-)-alpha-bisabolol or natural and / or a synthetic mixed isomer alpha-bisabolol. If natural (-)-alpha-bisabolol is used, it may also be employed as a component of an essential oil or a plant extract or a fraction thereof, for example, as a constituent of chamomile or Vanillosmopsis oil or extracts (in particular Vanillosmopsis er. and tropappa or Vanillosmopsis arborea). Synthetic alpha-bisabolol may be obtained, for example, under the name "Dragosantol" from Symrise. When using ginger extract in the context of the present invention, extracts of fresh or dried ginger root are preferably used, prepared by extraction with methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, carbon dioxide (CO2), hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, or other solvents or solvent mixtures of comparable polarity. The extracts are characterized by the presence of active amounts of constituents that reduce skin irritation, such as, for example, gingerols, shogaols, gingerdiols, dehydrogingerdiones, and / or paradols. Physiological cooling agents: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can be advantageously combined with one or more physiological cooling agents. The use of cooling agents can relieve itching. The preferred individual cooling agents for use within the scope of the present invention are listed below. Many other cooling agents can be added to this list by those skilled in the art. The listed cooling agents may also be used in conjunction with others, preferably selected in this case from the following list: menthol and menthol derivatives (e.g., L-menthol, D-menthol, racemic menthol, isomenthol, neoisomenthol, neomenthol), menthol ethers (e.g., (l-mentoxy)-1,2-propanediol, (l-mentoxy)-2-methyl-1,2-propanediol, l-methyl methyl ether), menthone glyceryl acetal, methone glyceryl acetal, or mixtures of both, methyl esters (e.g., menthyl formate, menthyl acetate,menthyl isobutyrate, menthihydroxyisobutyrate, menthyl lactates, L-menthyl L-lactate, L-menthyl D-lactate, (2-methoxy)menthyl acetate, (2-methoxyethoxy)menthyl acetate, menthyl pyroglutamate), menthyl carbonates (e.g., menthyl propylene glycol carbonate, menthyl ethylene glycol carbonate, menthyl glycerol carbonate, or mixtures thereof), menthol hemiesters with a dicarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof (e.g., mono-menthylsuccinate, monomethylglutarate, monomentylmalonate, N,N-(dimethyl)amide of O-menthylsuccinic acid, O-menthylsuccinic acid ester amide, menthanecarboxylic acid amides (in this case, preferably N-ethylamide of the acid methanecarboxylic acid [WS3] or N-(menthanecarbonyl) glycineethyl ester [WS5], N-(4-cyanophenyl) amide of methanecarboxylic acid or N-(4-cyanomethylphenyl) amide of methanecarboxylic acid, N-(alkoxyalkyl) amides of methanecarboxylic acid),menthone and menthone derivatives (e.g., L-menthone glycerol ketal), 2,3-dimethyl-2-(2-propyl)-butyric acid derivatives (e.g., N-methylamide of 2,3-dimethyl-2-(2-propyl)-butyric acid [WS23]), isopulegol or its esters (l-(-)-isopulegol, l-(-)-isopulegolacetate), menthane derivatives (e.g., p-menthane-3,8-diol), cubebol or synthetic or natural mixtures containing cubebol, pyrrolidone derivatives of cycloalkyldione derivatives (e.g., 3-methyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-cyclopentene-1-one) or tetrahydropyrimidin-2-one (e.g., icilin or related compounds, as described in WO 2004 / 026840), additional carboxamides (e.g., N-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl)-3-pmentanecarboxamide or related compounds), (1R, 2S, 5R)-N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-2-(1-isopropyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide [WS12], oxamates and 2-(ethylamino)-2-oxo-acetate of [(1R, 2S,5R) -2-isopropyl-5-methyl-cyclohexyl] (X Cool) . The cooling agents that are preferred due to their particular synergistic effect are l-menthol, d-menthol, racemic menthol, menthone glycerol acetal (trade name: Frescolat® MGA), menthyl lactate (preferably l-mentyl lactate, in particular l-mentyl lactate (trade name: Frescolat® ML)), substituted menthyl 3-carboxamides (such as N-ethylamide of menthyl-3-carboxylic acid), 2-isopropyl-N-2, 3-trimethylbutanamide, substituted cyclohexane carboxamides, 3-mentoxypropane-1, 2-diol, 2-hydroxyethylmentyl carbonate, 2-hydroxypropylmentyl carbonate and isopulegol. The particularly preferred cooling agents are l-menthol, racemic menthol, menthone glycerol acetal (trade name: Frescolat® MGA), menthyl lactate (preferably l-mentyl lactate, in particular l-mentyl lactate (trade name: Frescolat® ML)), 3-mentoxypropane-1,2-diol,2-hydroxyethylmentyl carbonate and 2-hydroxypropylmentyl carbonate. Highly preferred cooling agents in particular are menthol, menthone glycerol acetal (trade name: Frescolat® MGA) and menthyl lactate (preferably l-mentyl lactate, in particular l-mentyl lactate (trade name: Frescolat® ML)). Moisturizing and / or moisture-retaining substances: Itching is especially intense when the skin is dry. Using substances that moisturize the skin and / or retain moisture can significantly relieve itching.Therefore, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may also advantageously contain one or more of the following humectant and / or moisture-retaining substances: sodium lactate, urea, urea derivatives, alcohols, glycerol, diols such as propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid, diacyl adipates, petrolatum, urocanic acid, lecithin, panthenol, phytantriol, lycopene, (pseudo)ceramides, glycosphingolipids, cholesterol, phytosterols, chitosan, chondroitin sulfate, lanolin, lanolin esters, amino acids, alpha hydroxy acids (such as citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid) and their derivatives, mono-, di- and oligosaccharides such as glucose, galactose, fructose, mannose, and lactose, polysaccharides such as R-glucans, in particular 1,3-1,4-β-glucan from oats, alpha-hydroxy fatty acids, triterpenic acids such as betulinic acid or ursolic acid, and seaweed extracts. Soothing substances: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may also advantageously contain one or more soothing substances, wherein any soothing substance that is suitable or customary in cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications may be used, such as alpha-bisabolol, azulene, guaiazulene, 18-beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, allantoin, aloe vera juice or gel, extracts of Hamamelis virginiana (witch hazel), Echinacea species, Centella asiatica, chamomile, Arnica monatana, Glycyrrhiza species, algae, seaweed and Calendula officinalis, and vegetable oils, such as sweet almond oil, baobab oil, olive oil and panthenol, Laureth-9, Trideceth-9 and 4-t-butylcyclohexanol. Antibacterial or antifungal active substances: Antibacterial or antifungal active substances may also be advantageously used in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention, wherein any antibacterial or antifungal active substance suitable or commonly used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications, particularly dermatological applications, may be used. In addition to the broad group of conventional antibiotics, other products that are advantageous in this case include those relevant to cosmetics such as, in particular, triclosan, climbazole, octoxyglycerin, Octopirox® (2-aminoethanol salt of 1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2(1H)-pyridone), chitosan, farnesol, glycerol monolaurate, or combinations of such substances, which are used, among other things, against underarm odor, foot odor, or dandruff. Antimicrobial agents: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably contains one or more antimicrobial agents.Suitable antimicrobial agents are, in principle, all substances effective against gram-positive bacteria, such as, for example, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and its salts and esters, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (triclosan), 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylenebis(6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, chlorhexidine, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), antibacterial fragrances, thymol, thyme oil, eugenol, clove essential oil, menthol, peppermint oil, farnesol, phenoxyethanol, glycerol monocaprate, glycerol monocaprylate, glycerol monolaurate (MLG), diglycerol monocaprate (MCD), N-alkylamides of salicylic acid, such as, for example, n-octylsalicylamide or n-decylsalicylamide. Exfoliating agents: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably contains one or more exfoliating agents. The term "exfoliating agent" is understood to mean any compound capable of acting: - directly on the scaling, promoting exfoliation, such as β-hydroxy acids, in particular allicylic acid and its derivatives (including 5-n-octanoylsalicylic acid); -hydroxy acids, such as glycolic, citric, lactic, tartaric, malic or mandelic acid; urea; gentisic acid; oligofucoses; cinnamic acid; Sophora japonica extract; resveratrol and some jasmonic acid derivatives; - or on the enzymes involved in the desquamation or degradation of corneodesmosomes, glycosidases, the stratum corneum chymotrypsin enzyme (SCCE) or other proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin-like).Chelating agents of inorganic salts may be mentioned: EDTA; N-acyl-N,N',N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid; aminosulfonic compounds and in particular (N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazin-N-2-ethane) sulfonic acid (HEPES); 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives (procistein); alpha-amino acid derivatives of the glycine type (as described in document EP-0852949, and sodium methylglycine diacetate marketed by BASF under the trade name TRILON M); honey; sugar derivatives, such as O-octanyl-6-D-maltose and N-acetylglucosamine; chestnut extracts, such as those marketed by SILAB under the name Recoverine®, prickly pear extracts, such as those marketed under the name Exfolactive® by SILAB; or Phytosphingosine SLC® (phytosphingosine grafted with salicylic acid), marketed by the company Degussa. The suitable desquamating agents for the invention may be selected, in particular, from the group comprising sulfonic acids, calcium chelating agents, β-hydroxy acids, such as glycolic, citric, lactic, tartaric, malic or mandelic acid; ascorbic acid and its derivatives, such as ascorbyl glucoside and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate; nicotinamide; urea; (N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazin-N-2-ethane) sulfonic acid (HEPES), β-hydroxy acids, such as salicylic acid and its derivatives, retinoids, such as retinol and its esters, retinal, retinoic acid and its derivatives, extracts of chestnut or prickly pear, in particular marketed by SILAB; reducing compounds, such as cysteine ​​or cysteine ​​precursors. The exfoliating agents that can be used are also nicotinic acid and its esters and nicotinamide, also called vitamin B3 or vitamin PP, and ascorbic acid and its precursors. Anti-dandruff substances: In addition, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can also be advantageously used in conjunction with one or more anti-dandruff substances, including triclosan, climbazole, octoxyglycerin, Octopirox® (2-aminoethanol salt of 1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2(1H)-pyridone), chitosan, farnesol, glycerol monolaurate, propanediol monocaprylate, or combinations of such substances, which are used, among others, against dandruff. Additional suitable anti-dandruff agents include Pirocton Olamin (1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2-(1H)-pyridinone monoethanolamine salt), Baypival® (Climbazole), Ketoconazole® (4-acetyl-1-{4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)r-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxylan-c-4-ylmethoxyphenyl}piperazine, ketoconazole, elubiol, selenium disulfide, colloidal sulfur, polyethylene glycol monooleate, sulfur sorbitan, ricinol-polyethoxylate sulfur, sulfur tar distillate, salicylic acid (or together with hexachlorophene), undecylenic acid, monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate, sodium salt, Lamepon® UD (undecylenic acid and protein condensate), zinc pyrithione, aluminum pyrithione and magnesium sulfate pyrithione / dipyrithione-magnesium. Chelating Agents (of Metals): A combination of one or more chelating agents (of metals) may also be advantageously used in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention, wherein any metal chelating agent that is suitable or customary in cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications may be used. Preferred chelating agents (of metals) include fatty hydroxy acids, phytic acid, lactoferrin, hydroxy acids such as, but not limited to, gluconic acid, glyceric acid, glycolic acid, isocitric acid, citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, tartaric acid, as well as humic acids, bile acids, bile extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, or EDTA, EGTA, and their derivatives. The use of one or more chelating agents improves the stability of the composition according to the present invention. Emulsifiers: In addition, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may also advantageously contain one or more emulsifiers, including, for example: - products of the addition of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide to linear C8-22 fatty alcohols, to C12-22 fatty acids and alkyl phenols containing 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; - monoesters and diesters of C12 / 18 fatty acids from addition products of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide in glycerol; - glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms and ethylene oxide addition products thereof; - Addition products of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide in castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil; - Polyol esters and, in particular, polyglycerol esters, such as, for example, polyglycerol polyricinoleate, polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearate, or polyglycerol isostearate dimerate. Mixtures of compounds from several of these classes are also suitable; - addition products of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide in castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil; - partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C6 / 22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (e.g. sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (e.g. methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) and polyglucosides (e.g. cellulose); - mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates, and mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and salts thereof; - wool wax alcohols; - polysiloxane / polyalkyl polyether copolymers and corresponding derivatives; - mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol and / or mixed esters of C6-22 fatty acids, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol or polyglycerol; - polyalkylene glycols; and - glycerol carbonate. Ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide addition products in fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters, and sorbitan fatty acid mono- and diesters, or in castor oil, are commercially available products. They are homologous mixtures whose average degree of alkoxylation corresponds to the ratio between the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and the substrate with which the addition reaction takes place. C12 / 18 fatty acid monoesters and diesters of ethylene oxide addition products on glycerol are known as lipid layer enhancers for cosmetic formulations. Preferred emulsifiers are described in more detail as follows: Partial glycerides: Typical examples of suitable partial glycerides are hydroxystearic acid monoglyceride, hydroxystearic acid diglyceride, isostearic acid monoglyceride, isostearic acid diglyceride, oleic acid monoglyceride, oleic acid diglyceride, ricinoleic acid monoglyceride, ricinoleic acid diglyceride, linoleic acid monoglyceride, linoleic acid diglyceride, linolenic acid monoglyceride, linolenic acid diglyceride, erucic acid monoglyceride, erucic acid diglyceride, tartaric acid monoglyceride, tartaric acid diglyceride, citric acid monoglyceride, citric acid diglyceride, malic acid monoglyceride, malic acid diglyceride, and technical mixtures of the which may still contain small amounts of triglycerides from the production process.Also suitable are addition products of 1 to 30 and preferably 5 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide in the aforementioned partial glycerides. Sorbitan esters: Suitable sorbitan esters are sorbitan monoisostearate, sorbitan sesquiisostearate, sorbitan diisostearate, sorbitan triisostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monoerucate, sorbitan sesquierucate, sorbitan dierucate, sorbitan trierucate, sorbitan monoricinoleate, sorbitan sesquirricinoleate, sorbitan diricinoleate, sorbitan triricinoleate, sorbitan monohydroxystearate, sorbitan sesquihydroxystearate, sorbitan dihydroxystearate, sorbitan trihydroxystearate, sorbitan monotartrate, sorbitan sesquitartrate, sorbitan ditartrate, sorbitan tritartrate, sorbitan monocitrate, sorbitan sesquicitrate, sorbitan dicitrate, sorbitan tricitrate, sorbitan monomaleate, sorbitan sesquimaleate, sorbitan dimaleate, sorbitan trimaleate and technical mixtures thereof.The addition products of 1 to 30 and preferably 5 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide in the aforementioned sorbitan esters are also suitable. Polyglycerol Esters: Typical examples of suitable polyglycerol esters are Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (Dehymuls® PGPH), Polyglycerin-3-Diisostearate (Lameform® TGI), Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate (Isolan® GI 34), Polyglyceryl-3 Oleate, Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate. Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearoyl (Isolan® PDI), Methylglucose polyglyceryl-3 distearate (Tego Care® 450), Polyglyceryl-3 beeswax (Cera Bellina®), Polyglyceryl-4 caprate (Polyglycerol caprate T2010 / 90), Polyglyceryl-3 cetyl ether (Chimexane® NL), Polyglyceryl-3 distearate (Cremophor® GS 32) and polyglyceryl polyricinoleate (Admul® WOL 1403), Polyglyceryl Dimerate Isostearate, and mixtures thereof.Some examples of other suitable polyol esters are the mono-, di- and triesters of trimethylol propane or pentaerythritol with lauric acid, coconut fatty acid, tallow fatty acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid and the like, which react optionally with 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide. Anionic emulsifiers: Typical anionic emulsifiers are C12 to C22 aliphatic fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid, for example, and C12 to C22 dicarboxylic acids, such as azelaic acid or sebacic acid. Amphoteric emulsifiers: Other suitable emulsifiers are amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants. Zwitterionic surfactants are surfactant compounds that contain at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines, such as N-alkyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium glycinates, for example, cocoalkyl dimethyl ammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium glycinates, for example, cocoacylaminopropyl dimethyl ammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethyl imidazolines containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group, and cocoacylaminoethyl hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl glycinate. The fatty acid amide derivative known as CTFA, cocamidopropyl betaine, is particularly preferred. Ampholytic surfactants are also suitable emulsifiers.Ampholytic surfactants are surfactants that, in addition to a C8 / 18 alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SOsH- group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants include N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids, and alkylaminoacetic acids containing approximately 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-coco-alkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate, and C12 / 18 acylsarcosine. Surfactants: For the preparation of solid surfactant compositions, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more commonly used surfactants. Suitable surfactants include sodium lauryl ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, glycol distearate, coco-glucoside, sodium coco-sulfate, sodium cocoate, coco-betaine, cocamide MEA, lauryl glucoside, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate, decyl glucoside, potassium lauryl sulfate, sodium palmate, sodium palm kernelate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, caprylyl / capric glucoside, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, and sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate. PPG-5-cetet-20, Polyglyceryl laurate-4, Sodium lauryl sulfoacetate,Sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, sodium myristyl glutamate, alpha olefin sulfonate, sodium diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl sarcosinate, ammonium cocoyl sarcosinate, or mixtures of one or more of the aforementioned surfactants. The preferred surfactants for the preparation of solid surfactant compositions according to the present invention are selected from the group consisting of sodium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, coco-glucoside, sodium cocosulfate, sodium cocoate, coco-betaine, lauryl glucoside, decyl glucoside, potassium lauryl sulfate, sodium palmate, sodium palm kernelate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, caprylyl / capric glucoside, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, and mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned surfactants. Preservatives: For preservation purposes, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more preservatives suitable or commonly used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions. Suitable and advantageous preservatives include, for example, phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol, or sorbic acid. Ecological and synthetic polymers: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more ecological or synthetic polymers. Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives such as, for example, quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose, which can be obtained from Amerchol under the name Polymer JR 400®, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazole polymers such as, for example, Luviquat® (BASF), condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides such as, for example, Lauryldimonium Hydroxypropyl Collagen Hydrolysate (Lamequat® L, Grünau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers such as, for example, amodimethicone, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine (Cartaretine®, Sandoz),acrylic acid copolymers with dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (Merquat® 550, Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides and water-soluble crosslinked polymers thereof, cationic chitin derivatives such as, for example, quaternized chitosan, optionally in microcrystalline distribution, condensation products of dihaloalkyls, for example, dibromobutane, with bisdialkylamines, for example, bis-dimethylamino-1,3-propane, cationic guar gum such as, for example, Jaguar®CBS, Jaguar®C-17, Jaguar®C-16 from Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers such as, for example, Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol® AZ-1 from Miranol, and the various types of polyquaternium (for example, 6, 7, 32, or 37) that may be found on the market under the trade names Rheocare® CC or Ultragel® 300. Some suitable anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and non-ionic polymers are, for example, vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers,vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / isobornyl acrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and esters thereof, non-crosslinked and polyol-crosslinked polyacrylic acids, trimethylammonium chloride / acrylate copolymers, octylacrylamide / methyl methacrylate / tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymer, vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam terpolymers and, optionally, cellulose ethers and derivatized silicones. In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes a non-crosslinked or polyol-crosslinked polyacrylic acid as a polymeric component. Thickening agents and / or rheological additives: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more thickening agents and / or rheological additives. Suitable thickeners include polymeric thickeners such as Aerosil® types (hydrophilic silicas), polysaccharides, more especially xanthan gum, guar-guar, agar-agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethylcellulose and hydroxymethylcellulose, also relatively high molecular weight polyethylene glycol monoesters and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates (e.g. Carbopols® [Goodrich] or Synthalens® [Sigma]), polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, surfactants such as, for example, ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, fatty acid esters with polyols, for example pentaerythritol or trimethylol propane, narrow range fatty alcohol ethoxylates and electrolytes such as sodium chloride and ammonium chloride. Perfume oils and / or fragrances: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more perfume oils and / or fragrances. Suitable perfume oils are mixtures of natural and synthetic perfumes. Natural perfumes include extracts of flowers (lily, lavender, rose, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, caraway, juniper), fruit peels (bergamot, lemon, orange), roots (nutmeg, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, calendula), woods (pine, sandalwood, guaiac wood, cedarwood, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, fir, pine, dwarf pine), resins and balsams (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax). Raw materials of animal origin, such as civet and beaver, may also be used.Typical synthetic compounds in perfumes are ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol, and hydrocarbon compounds. Examples of ester-type perfume compounds include benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethylmethylphenyl glycinate, allylcyclohexyl propionate, styralyl propionate, and benzyl salicylate. Ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, while aldehydes include, for example, linear alkanes containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronelloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial, and bourgeonal. Suitable ketone examples are ionones, alpha-isomethyl ionone, and methyl cedryl ketone. Suitable alcohols include anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, and terpineol.Hydrocarbons primarily include terpenes and balsams. However, mixtures of different perfume compounds are preferred, as they combine to produce a pleasant fragrance. Other suitable perfume oils are relatively low-volatility essential oils, which are most commonly used as fragrance components. Examples include sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, peppermint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, lime blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, frankincense oil, galbanum oil, labdanum oil, and lavandin oil.The following are preferably used individually or in mixtures: bergamot oil, dihydromyrcenol, lilial, liral, citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol, hexylcinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzyl acetone, cyclamen aldehyde, linalool, Boisambrene Forte, Ambroxan, indole, hedione, sandelice, citrus oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, allylamyl glycolate, cyclovertal, lavandin oil, sage oil, apricot, bourbon geranium oil, cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, fixolide NP, evernil, iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romilat, irotil, and floramat. Anti-cellulite agent: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more anti-cellulite agents. The anti-cellulite and lipolytic agents are preferably selected from the group consisting of beta-adrenergic receptor agonists, such as synephrine and its derivatives, and cyclohexyl carbamates. The agents that potentiate or intensify the activity of the anti-cellulite agents, in particular the agents that stimulate and / or depolarize C nerve fibers, are preferably selected from the group consisting of capsaicin and its derivatives, vanillylnonilamide and its derivatives, L-carnitine, coenzyme A, isoflavonoids, soybean extract, pineapple extract, and conjugated linoleic acid. Fat-enhancing agents: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more fat-enhancing agents and / or adipogenic agents, as well as agents that enhance or intensify the activity of the fat-enhancing agents. One example of a fat-enhancing agent is hydroxymethoxyphenyl propylmethylmethoxybenzofuran (trade name: Sym3D®). Oily bodies: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more oily bodies. Suitable oily bodies, which are constituents of O / W emulsions, are, for example, Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms, esters of linear C5-C22 fatty acids with linear or branched C5-C22 fatty alcohols, or esters of branched C1-C13 carboxylic acids with linear or branched C6-C22 fatty alcohols, such as, for example, myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, myristyl isostearate, myristyl oleate, myristyl behenate, myristyl erucate, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl isostearate, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, cetyl erucate, stearyl myristate, stearyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, stearyl isostearate,stearyl oleate, stearyl behenate, stearyl erucate, isostearyl myristate, isostearyl palmitate, isostearyl stearate, isostearyl isostearate, isostearyl oleate, isostearyl behenate, isostearyl oleate, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, oleyl behenate, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl stearate, behenyl isostearate, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl palmitate, stearate erucillin, erucillin isostearate, erucillin oleate, erucillin behenate, and erucillin erucate. Also suitable are esters of linear C6-C22 fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of C18-C38 alkylhydroxy carboxylic acids with linear or branched C6-C22 fatty alcohols, in particular dioctyl malate,Esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as, for example, propylene glycol, dimerdiol, or trimertriol) and / or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C6-C10 fatty acids, liquid mixtures of mono / di / triglycerides based on C6-C18 fatty acids, esters of C6-C22 fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, in particular, benzoic acid, esters of C2-C12 dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, carbonates of linear and branched C6-C22 fatty alcohols, such as, for example, carbonate of dicaprylyl (Cetiol® CC), Guerbet carbonates, based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms,benzoic acid esters with linear and / or branched C6-C22 alcohols (e.g., Finsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetric or asymmetric dialkyl ethers having 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, such as, for example, dicaprylyl ether (Cetiol® OE), ring-opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols, silicone oils (cyclomethicones, methicone silicone grades, etc.) and / or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons, such as, for example, squalane, squalene, or dialkylcyclohexanes. Superfatting agents and / or consistency factors: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more superfatting agents and / or consistency factors. The superfatting agents may be selected from substances such as, for example, lanolin and lecithin, and also polyethoxylated or acylated derivatives of lanolin and lecithin, fatty acid esters of polyols, monoglycerides, and fatty acid alkanolamides. The fatty acid alkanolamides also serve as foam stabilizers. The main consistency factors used are fatty alcohols or hydroxyfatty alcohols containing 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms, and also partial glycerides, fatty acids, or hydroxyfatty acids.A combination of these substances is preferably used with alkyloligoglucosides and / or N-methylglucamides of fatty acids of the same chain length and / or poly-12-hydroxystearates of polyglycerol. Pearlescent waxes: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more pearlescent waxes. Suitable pearlescent waxes include, for example, alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol distearate; fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; partial glycerides, especially stearic acid monoglyceride; polybasic carboxylic acid esters, optionally hydroxy-substituted with fatty alcohols containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain tartaric acid esters; fatty compounds, such as, for example, fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers, and fatty carbonates containing at least 24 carbon atoms in total, especially laurone and distearyl ether;fatty acids, such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic acid, ring-opening products of olefin epoxides containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols containing 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups, and mixtures thereof.; Silicones: To impart a silky, spreadable, and luxurious texture and make the skin look and feel smoother, and additionally to improve processability (antifoaming), the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more silicones or silicone derivatives. Suitable silicones can be selected from the group consisting of Acephyllin Methylsilanol Mannuronate, Acetylmethionyl Methylsilanol Elastinate / Behenyl Acrylates, Acrylate / Dimethicone Methacrylate Copolymer, Acrylates / Behenyl Methacrylate / Dimethicone Methacrylate Copolymer, Acrylates / Bis-Hydroxypropyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Acrylates / Dimethicone Copolymer, Acrylates / Dimethicone Methacrylate / Ethylhexyl Acrylate Copolymer, Acrylates / Dimethiconol Acrylate Copolymer, Acrylates / Ethylhexyl Acrylate / Dimethicone Methacrylate Copolymer, Acrylates / Octylacrylamide / Diphenyl Amodimethicone Copolymer, Acrylates / Polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate Copolymer,Copolymer of Acrylates / Propyl Trimeticona Methacrylate, Copolymer of Acrilates / Estearyl Acrylate / Dimeticona Methacrylate, Copolymer of Acrylates / Trifluoropropyl Acrylate / Triethoxysilylpropyl Methacrylate / Dimeticona Methacrylate, Copolymer of Acrylates / Trifluoropropyl methacrylate / Polytrimethyl Siloxymethacrylate, Amino Bispropyl Dimethicona, Aminoethylaminopropyl Dimeticona, Aminopropyl Dimethicona, Aminopropyl Phenyl Trimeticona, Aminopropyl Triethoxysilane, Dimeticona PEG-7 Sulfato de Amonio, Amodimeticona, Amodimeticona Hidroxiestearato, Copolímero de Amodimeticona / Silsesquioxano, Ascorbil Carboxidecil Trisiloxano, Ascorbil Methilsilanol Pectinate, Behenoxi Dimethicon, Behentrimonio Dimethicon PEG-8 Phthalate, Behenyl Dimethicon, Bisamino PEG / PPG-41 / 3 Aminoethyl PG-Propyl Dimethicon, Bis-Aminopropyl / Ethoxy Aminopropyl Dimethicon, Bis (Butylbenzoate) Diaminotriazine Aminopropyltrisiloxane, Bis-Butyldimethicon Polyglyceryl-3, Copolymer of Bis-Butyloxiamodimethicon / PEG-60,Bis (C13-15 Alkoxy) Hydroxybutamidoamodimethicone, Bis (C13-15 Alkoxy) PG-Amodimethicone, Bis- (C1-8 Alkyl Lauroyl Lysine Decylcarboxamide) Dimethicone, Bis-Cethyl Cetyl Dimethicone, Bis-Cethyl / PEG-8 Cetyl PEG-8 Dimethicone, Bis-Diphenylethyl Disiloxane, Bis-Ethyl Ethyl Methicone, Bis-Gluconamidoethylaminopropyl Dimethicone, Bis-Hydrogen Dimethicone, Bis-Hydroxyethoxypropyl Dimethicone Bis-Hydroxylauryl, Dimethicone / IPDI Copolymer, Bis-Hydroxy / Methoxy Amodimethicone, Bis-Hydroxypropyl Dimethicone Behenate, Bis-Hydroxypropyl Copolymer Dimethicone / SMDI, Bis-Isobutyl PEG-14 / Amodimethicone Copolymer, Bis-Isobutyl PEG-15 / Amodimethicone Copolymer, Bis-Isobutyl PEG / PPG-20 / 35 / Amodimethicone Copolymer, Bis-Isobutyl PEG / PPG-10 / 7 / Dimethicone Copolymer, Bis-Isobutyl PEG-24 / PPG-7 / Dimethicone Copolymer, Bis-PEG-1 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG-4 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG-8 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG-12 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG-20 Dimethicone, Beeswax Bis-PEG-12 DimethiconeBis-PEG-12 Candelilla Wax Dimethicone, Bis-PEG-15 Dimethicone / IPDI Copolymer, Bis-PEG-15 Methyl Ether Dimethicone, Bis-PEG-18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane, Bis-PEG / PPG-14 / 14 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG / PPG-15 / 5 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG / PPG-18 / 6 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG / PPG-20 / 20 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG / PPG- 16 / 16 PEG / PPG-16 / 16 Dimethicone, Bis-PEG / PPG-20 / 5 PEG / PPG-20 / 5 Dimethicone, Bisphenylhexamethicone, Bis-Phenylpropyl Dimethicone, Bispolilethylen Dimethicone, Bis- (Polyglyceryl-3 Oxyphenylpropyl) Dimethicone, Bis-(Polyglyceryl-7 Oxyphenylpropyl) Dimethicone, Bis-PPG-15 Dimethicone / IPDI Copolymer, Bis(PPG-7 Undeceneth-21) Dimethicone, Bis-Stearyl Dimethicone, Bis-Trimethoxysilylethyl Tetramethyldisyloxyethyl Dimethicone, Bis-Vinyldimethicone, Bis-Vinyl Dimethicone / Dimethicone Copolymer, PEG-7 Rubber Seed Oil Esters Dimethicone, Butyl Acrylate / Perfluoroalkylethyl C6-14 Acrylate / Mercaptopropyl Dimethicone Copolymer, Butyl Acrylate / Hydroxypropyl Dimethicone Acrylate CopolymerButyl Dimethicone Acrylate / Cyclohexyl Methacrylate / Ethylhexyl Acrylate Copolymer, Butyl Dimethicone Methacrylate / Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, t-Butyl Dimethyl Silyl Grape Seed Extract, Butyl Polydimethylsiloxyl Ethylene / Propylene / Vinylnorbornene Copolymer, C6-8 Alkyl C3-6 Alkyl Dimethicone Glucoside, C20-24 Alkyl Dimethicone, C24-28 Alkyl Dimethicone, C26-28 Alkyl Dimethicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone, C30-60 Alkyl Dimethicone, C32 Alkyl Dimethicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone / Polycyclohexene Oxide Crosspolymer, C26-28 Alkyl Dimethylsilyl Polypropylsilsesquioxane Alkyldimethylsilyl C30-45 Polypropylsilsesquioxane, Alkyl C20-24 Methicone, Alkyl C24-28 Methicone, Alkyl C26-28 Methicone, Alkyl C30-45 Methicone, Alkyl C20-28 Perfluorodecylethoxy Dimethicone, Alkyl C26-54 Tetradecyl Dimethicone, Capryl Dimethicone, Caprylyl Dimethicone Ethoxy Glucoside, Caprylyl Methicone, Caprylyl Trimethicone, Carboxideyl TrisiloxaneBis-Hydroxypropyl Dimeticon Castor Oil Éthers Cerotil Dimeticona, Polímero cruzado de Cetearil Dimeticona, Polímero cruzado de Cetearil Dimeticona / Vinil Dimeticona, Cetearil Meticona, Cetrimonio Carboxidecil PEG-8 Dimeticona, Cetrimonio Dimeticona PEG-7 Phthalate, Cetil Behenil Dimeticona, Cetil Dimeticona, Polímero cruzado de Cetil Dimeticona / Bis-Vinildimeticona, Cetil Hexacosil Dimeticona, Cetiloxi Dimeticona, Cetil PEG-8 Dimeticona, Cetil PEG / PPG-15 / 15 Butil Éter Dimeticona, Cetil PEG / PPG-7 / 3 Dimeticona, Cetil PEG / PPG-10 / 1 Dimeticona, Cetil Trietilmonio Dimeticona PEG-8 Phthalate, Cetyl Triethylmonium Dimethicone PEG-8 Succinate, Acetyl Tyrosinate Methylsilanol de Cobre, PCA Methylsilanol de Cobre, Perfluoroalquiletoxi C4-14 Dimethicone, Cycloethoxymethicone, Cycloheptasiloxane, Cyclohexasiloxane, Cyclomethicone, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclophenylmethicone, Cyclotetrasiloxane, mCyclovinylmethicone, Cystine Bis-PG-Propyl Silanotriol, DEA PG-Propyl PEG / PPG-18 / 21 Dimethicone,Diisoestearoyl Trimethylolpropane Siloxy Silicate, Dilauroyl Trimethylolpropane Siloxy Silicate, Dilinoleamidopropyl Dimethylamine Dimethicone PEG-7 Phosphate, Dimethicone, Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Dimethicone-3 Crosspolymer, Dimethicone / Divinyldimethicone / Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer, Dimethicone Ethoxy Glucoside, Dimethicone Hydroxypropyl Trimonium Chloride, Dimethicone / Mercaptopropyl Methicone Copolymer, Dimethicone PEG-15 Acetate, Dimethicone PEG-8 Adipate, Avocado PEG-7 Dimethicone, Avocado PEG-8 Dimethicone, Beeswax PEG-8 Dimethicone, Dimethicone PEG-8 Benzoate, Dimethicone PEG-8 Borageate, Dimethicone PEG-7 Cocoate, Dimethicone / PEG-10 Crosspolymer Dimethicone / PEG-10 / 15 crosspolymer, Dimethicone / PEG-15 crosspolymer, PEG-7 dimethicone isostearate, PEG-8 dimethicone isostearate, PEG-7 dimethicone lactate, PEG-8 dimethicone lanolate, PEG-8 dimethicone laureate, PEG-8 dimethicone meadowfoamate, PEG-7 dimethicone octyldodecyl citrateDimethicone PEG-7 Olivate, Dimethicone PEG-8 Olivate, Dimethicone PEG-7 Phosphate, Dimethicone PEG-8 Phosphate, Dimethicone PEG-10 Phosphate, Dimethicone PEG-7 Phthalate, Dimethicone PEG-8 Phthalate, Dimethicone PEG-8 Polyacrylate, Dimethicone PEG / PPG-20 / 23 Benzoate, Dimethicone PEG / PPG-7 / 4 Phosphate, Dimethicone PEG / PPG-12 / 4 Phosphate, Dimethicone PEG-7 Succinate, Dimethicone PEG-8 Succinate, Dimethicone PEG-7 Sulfate, Dimethicone PEG-7 Undecylenate, Dimethicone PG-Diethylmonium Chloride, Dimethicone / Phenyl Crosspolymer Vinyl Dimethicone, Dimethicone / Polyglycerin-3 Crosspolymer, Dimethicone / PPG-20, Dimethicone Propylenediamine Behenate, Dimethicone Propyl PG-Betaine, Dimethicone / Silsesquioxane Copolymer, Dimethicone Silylate, Dimethicone / Vinyldimethicone Crosspolymer, Dimethicone / Vinyltrimethylsiloxysilicate Crosspolymer, Dimethiconol, Dimethiconol Arginine, Dimethiconol Beeswax, Dimethiconol Behenate, Dimethiconol Borageate, Dimethiconol CandelilateDimethiconol Carnaubate, Dimethiconol Cysteine, Dimethiconol Dhupa Buterate, Dimethiconol Fluoroalcohol Dilinoleic Acid, Dimethiconol Hydroxystearate, Dimethiconol llipa Buterate, Dimethiconol / IPDI Copolymer, Dimethiconol Isostearate, Dimethiconol Kokum Butterate, Dimethiconol Lactate, Dimethiconol Meadowfoamate, Dimethiconol Methionine, Dimethiconol / Methylsilanol / Silicate Crosspolymer, Dimethiconol Mohwa Buterate, Dimethiconol Panthenol, Dimethiconol Sal Butterate, Dimethiconol / Silice Crosspolymer, Dimethiconol / Silsesquioxane Copolymer, Dimethiconol Stearate, Dimethiconol / Stearyl Copolymer Methicone / Phenyl Trimethicone, Dimethoxysilyl Ethylendiaminopropyl Dimethicone, Dimethylaminopropylamido PCA Dimethicone, Dimethyl Oxobenzo Dioxasilane, Dimethylsilanol Hyaluronate, Dioleyl Tocopheryl Methylsilanol, Diphenyl Amodimethicone, Diphenyl Dimethicone, Diphenyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer Diphenyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer Vinyl Diphenyl Dimethicone / Silsesquioxane,Diphenylethyl Benzyloxy Dilsiloxane, Diphenylisopropyl Dimethicone, Diphenylsiloxy Phenyl / Propyl Trimethicone, Diphenylsiloxy Phenyl Trimethicone Disiloxane, Amodimethicone Disuccinamide Disodium, PEG-12 Dimethicone Sulfosuccinate Disodium, PEG-8 Lauryl Dimethicone Sulfosuccinate Disodium, Copolymer Divinyldimeticone / Dimethicone, Divinyldimeticone / Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Drometrizole Trisiloxane, Ethylhexyl Acrylate / VP / Dimethicone Methacrylate Copolymer, Ethyl Methicone, Ethyl Trisiloxane, C2-8 Fluoro Alkyldimethicone, Gluconamidopropyl Aminopropyl Dimethicone, 4- (2-Beta-Glucopyranosiloxy) Propoxy-2-Hydroxybenzophenone, Glyceryl Undecyl Dimethicone, Glycidoxy Dimethicone, Hexadecyl Methicone, Hexyl Dimethicone, Hexyl Methicone, Hexyltrimethoxysilane, Hydrogen Dimethicone, Hydrogen Dimethicone / Octyl Silsesquioxane Copolymer, Hydrolyzed Collagen PG-Propyl Dimethiconol, Hydrolyzed Collagen PG-Propyl Methylsilanediol, Hydrolyzed Collagen PG-Propyl SilanetriolHydrolyzed Keratin PG-propyl Methylsilanediol, Hydrolyzed Sesame Protein PG-propyl Methylsilanediol, Hydrolyzed Silk PG-propyl Methylsilanediol, Hydrolyzed Silk Crosspolymer PG-propyl Methylsilanediol, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein / PEG-7 Dimethicone Acetate, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein PG-propyl Methylsilanediol, Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein PG-propyl Silanetriol, Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein / Bis-PG-propyl Silanetriol Cystine Copolymer, Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein / PEG-7 Dimethicone Acetate, Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein / PEG-7 Dimethicone Phosphate Copolymer, Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein PG-propyl Methylsilanediol, Protein Hydrolyzed Wheat PG-Propyl Silanetriol, Hydroxyethyl Acetamonium PG-Dimethicone, Hydroxypropyldimethicone, Hydroxypropyl Dimethicone Behenate, Hydroxypropyl Dimethicone Isostearate, Hydroxypropyl Dimethicone Stearate, Isobutyl Methacrylate / Bis-Hydroxypropyl Dimethicone Acrylate CopolymerCopolímero de Isobutylmethacrylate / Trifluoroethylmethacrylate / Bis-Hidroxypropyl Dimethicon Acrylate, Isopentyl Trimethoxycinamate Trisiloxane, Isopoligliceryl-3 Dimethicon, Isopoligliceryl-3 Dimethicon, Isopropyl Titanium Triisoestearate / Triethoxysilylethyl, Polímero cruzado de Polidimetilsiloxietil Dimethicon, Isostearyl Carboxidecil PEG-8 Dimethicon, Lactoyl Methylsilanol Elastinate, Lauryl Dimethicon, Polímero cruzado de Lauryl Dimethicon PEG-15, Lauryl Dimethicon PEG-10 Phosphate, Polímero cruzado de Lauryl Dimethicon / Polyglycerin-3, Lauryl Methicon, Lauryl PEG-8 Dimethicon, Lauryl PEG-10 Methyl Ether Dimethicone, Lauril PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Lauril PEG / PPG-18 / 18 Methicone, Lauril Phenylisopropyl Methicone, Lauril Phenylpropyl Methicone, Polímero cruzado de Lauril olidimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone / Bis-Vinildimethicone, Lauril Poligliceryl-3 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Lauril Trimethicone, Dimethicone de Fosfato de Cloruro de Linoleamidopropyl PG-Dimonium,Methacryloyl Propyltrimethoxysilane, Methicone, Methoxy Amodimethicone / Silsesquioxane Copolymer, Methoxycinnamidopropyl Polysilsesquioxane, Methoxycinnamoylpropyl Silsesquioxane Silicate, Methoxy PEG-13 Ethyl Polysilsesquioxane, Methoxy PEG / PPG-7 / 3 Aminopropyl Dimethicone, Methoxy PEG / PPG-25 / 4 Dimethicone, Methoxy PEG-10 Propyltrimethoxysilane, Methyleugenyl PEG-8 Dimethicone, Methylpolysiloxane Emulsion, Methylsilanol Acetylmethionate, Methylsilanol Acetyltyrosine, Methylsilanol Ascorbate, Methylsilanol Carboxymethyl Theophylline, Methylsilanol Carboxymethyl Theophylline Alginate, Methylsilanol Elastinate, Methylsilanol Glycyrrhizinate, Methylsilanol Hydroxyproline, Methylsilanol Hydroxyproline Aspartate, Methylsilanol Mannuronate, Methylsilanol PCA, Methylsilanol PEG-7 Glyceril Cocoato, Polímero cruzado de Methylsilanol / Silicato, Methylsilanol Espirulinato, Methylsilanol Tri-PEG-8 Glyceril Cocoato, Methyl Trimeticona, Methyltrimetoxysilano, Miristilamidopropil Dimetilamina Dimeticona PEG-7 Fosfato, Miristil Meticona,Myristyl Trisiloxane, Nylon-611 / Dimethicone Copolymer, PCA Dimethicone, PEG-7 Amodimethicone, PEG-8 Amodimethicone, PEG-8 Cetyl Dimethicone, PEG-3 Dimethicone, PEG-6 Dimethicone, PEG-7 Dimethicone, PEG-8 Dimethicone, PEG-9 Dimethicone, PEG-10 Dimethicone, PEG-12 Dimethicone, PEG-14 Dimethicone, PEG-17 Dimethicone, PEG-10 Dimethicone Crosspolymer, PEG-12 Dimethicone Crosspolymer, PEG-8 Dimethicone Dimer Dilinoleate, PEG-8 Dimethicone / Dilinoleic Acid Copolymer, PEG-10 Dimethicone / Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Disterammonium Chloride PEG-8 PG-Dimethicone, PEG-10 / Lauryl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, PEG-15 / Lauryl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, PEG-15 / Lauryl Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, PEG-8 Methicone, PEG-6 Methicone Acetate, PEG-6 Methyl Ether Dimethicone, PEG-7 Methyl Ether Dimethicone, PEG-8 Methyl Ether Dimethicone, PEG-9 Methyl Ether Dimethicone, PEG-10 Methyl Ether Dimethicone,PEG-11 Methyl Ether Dimeticona, PEG-32 Methyl Eter Dimeticona, PEG-8 Methyl Eter Triethoxysilane, Copolímero de PEG-10 Nonafluorohexil Dimeticona, PEG-4 PEG-12 Dimeticona, PEG-8 PG-Coco-Glucósido Dimeticona, PEG-9 Polidimethylsiloxyethyl Dimeticona, PEG / PPG-20 / 22 Butyl Eter Dimethico, PEG / PPG-22 / 22 Butyl Eter Dimethico, PEG / PPG-23 / 23 Butyl Eter Dimethico, PEG / PPG-24 / 18 Butyl Eter Dimethico, PEG / PPG-27 / 9 Butyl Eter Dimethico, Dimethico de PEG / PPG-3 / 10, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-4 / 12, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-6 / 4, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-6 / 11, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-8 / 14, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-8 / 26, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-10 / 2, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-12 / 16, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-12 / 18, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-14 / 4, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-15 / 5, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-15 / 15, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-16 / 2, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-16 / 8, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-17 / 18, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-18 / 6, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-18 / 12, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-18 / 18, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-19 / 19, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-20 / 6,Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-20 / 15, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-20 / 20, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-20 / 23, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-20 / 29, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-22 / 23, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-22 / 24, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-23 / 6, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-25 / 25, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-27 / 27, Dimeticona de PEG / PPG-30 / 10, Copolímero de PEG / PPG-25 / 25 Dimeticona / Acrilatos, PEG / PPG-20 / 22 Methyl Eter Dimethylicona, PEG / PPG-24 / 24 Methyl Eter Glicidoxy Dimethicona, PEG / PPG-10 / 3 Oleil Éter Dimetilicona, PEG / PPG-5 / 3 Trisiloxano, Copolímero de PEG-4 Trifluoropropil Dimeticona, Copolímero de PEG-8 Trifluoropropil Dimeticona, Copolímero de PEG-10 Trifluoropropil Dimeticona, PEG-8 Trisiloxano, Perfluorocaprylyl Triethoxysilyletyl Methicon, Perfluorononil Dimeticona, Polímero cruzado de Perfluorononil Dimeticona / Meticona / Amodimeticona, Perfluorononilethyl Carboxidecil Behenil Dimeticona, Perfluorononilethyl Carboxidecil Hexacosil Dimeticona, Perfluorononilethyl Carboxidecil Lauril / Behenil Dimeticona,Perfluorononylethyl Carboxidecil Lauryl Dimethicone, Perfluorononylethyl Carboxidecil PEG-8 Dimethicone, Perfluorononylethyl Carboxidecil PEG-10 Dimethicone, Perfluorononylethyl Dimethicone / Methicone Copolymer, Perfluorononylethyl PEG-8 Dimethicone, Perfluorononylethyl Estearyl Dimethicone, Perfluorooctylethyl / Diphenyl Dimethicone Copolymer, Perfluorooctylethyl Triethoxysilane, Perfluorooctylethyl Trimethoxysilane, Perfluorooctylethyl Trisiloxane, Perfluorooctylethyl Triethoxysilane, PG-Amodimethicone, Phenethyl Dimethicone, Phenethyl Disiloxane, Phenyl Dimethicone, Phenylisopropyl Dimethicone, Phenyl Methicone, Phenyl Methiconol, Phenylpropyldimethylsiloxysilicate, Phenylpropyl Ethyl Methicone, Phenylpropyl Trimeticona, Phenylpropyl Trimeticona / Diphenylmethicona, Phenyl Trimeticona, Platinum Divinyldisiloxane, Polyacrylate-6, Polydiethylsiloxane, Polymer cross-linked Polydimethylsiloxietil Dimeticona / Bis-Vinildimeticona, Copolymer of Polydimethylsiloxietil Dimeticona / Meticona,Polydimethylsiloxy PEG / PPG-24 / 19 Butyl Ether Silsesquioxane, Polydimethylsiloxy PPG- 13 Butyl Ether Silsesquioxane, Polyglyceryl-3 Disiloxane Dimethicone, Polyglyceryl-3 / Lauryl Crosspolymer Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Polyglyceryl-3 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Poly Copolymer (Glycol Adipate) / Bis-Hydroxyethoxypropyl Dimethicone, Polymethylsilsesquioxane, Polymethylsilsesquioxane / Trimethylsiloxysilicate, Polyphenylsilsesquioxane, Polypropylsilsesquioxane, Polysilicone-1, Polysilicone-2, Polysilicone-3, Polysilicone-4, Polysilicone-5, Polysilicone-6, Polysilicone-7, Polysilicone-8, Polysilicone-9, Polysilicone-10, Polysilicone-11, Polysilicone-12, Polysilicone-13, Polysilicone-14, Polysilicone-15, Polysilicone-16, Polysilicone-17, Polysilicone-18, Polysilicone-19, Polysilicone-20, Polysilicone-21, Polysilicone-18 Cetyl Phosphate, Polysilicone-1 Crosspolymer, Polysilicone-18 Stearate, Polyurethane-10, Potassium Dimethicone PEG-7 Panthenyl PhosphatePotassium Dimethicone PEG-7 Phosphate, PPG-12 Butyl Ether Dimethicone, PPG-2 Dimethicone, PPG-12 Dimethicone, PPG-27 Dimethicone, PPG-4 Oleth-10 Dimethicone, Propoxytetramethyl Piperidinyl Dimethicone, Propyl Trimethicone, Quaternium-80, Retinoxytrimethylsilane, Silanediol Salicylate, Silanetriol, Silanetriol Arginate, Silanetriol Glutamate, Silanetriol Lysinate, Silanetriol Melanin, Silanetriol Trehalose Ether, Silica, Dimethicone Silica Silylate, Dimethyl Silica Silylate, Silica Silylate, Silicon Carbide, Silicone Quaternium-1, Silicone Quaternium-2, Panthenol Silicone Quaternium-2 Succinate, Silicone Quaternium-3, Silicone Quaternium-4, Silicone Quaternium-5, Silicone Quaternium-6, Silicone Quaternium-7, Silicone Quaternium-8, Silicone Quaternium-9, Silicone Quaternium-10, Silicone Quaternium-11, Silicone Quaternium-12, Silicone Quaternium-15, Silicone Quaternium-16, Silicone Quaternium-16 / Glycidoxy Dimethicone CrosspolymerSilicone Quaternium-17, Silicone Quaternium-18, Silicone Quaternium-19, Silicone Quaternium-20, Silicone Quaternium-21, Silicone Quaternium-22, Silicone Quaternium-24, Silicone Quaternium-25, Siloxanetriol Alginate, Siloxanetriol Phytate, Simethicone, Sodium PEG-8 Dimethicone Carboxideyl, Sodium PEG-7 Dimethicone Acetyl Methyltaurate, Sodium Dimethylsilanol Hyaluronate, Sodium Methylsilanol Lactate, Sodium Methylsilanol Mannuronate, Sodium Methylsilanol PCA, PG-Propyldimethicone Thiosulfate Copolymer, PG-Propyl Dimethicone Thiosulfate, Sodium Propoxyhydroxypropyl Thiosulfate Silica, Sorbityl Silanediol, Soybean Triethoxysilylpropyldimonium Chloride, Stearalkonium Phthalate Dimethicone PEG-8, Stearamidopropyl Dimethicone, Steardimonium Chloride Hydroxypropyl Panthenyl PEG-7 Dimethicone Phosphate, Steardimonium Chloride Hydroxypropyl PEG-7 Dimethicone Phosphate, Stearoxy Dimethicone, Copolymer Stearoxymethicone / Dimethicone, Stearoxytrimethylsilane,Estearyl Aminopropyl Methicona, Estearyl Dimeticona, Crossed Polymer of Stearyl / Methacrylate of Lauryl, Estearyl Meticona, Estearyl Triethoxysilane, Estearyl Trimeticona, Crossed Polymer of Stearyl / Acrilates / Dimeticona Acrylate, Copolymer of Steryl / Acrilates / Dimeticona, TEA-Dimeticona PEG-7 Phosphate, Tetrabutoxypropyl Trisiloxane, Tetramethylhexaphenyl Tetrasiloxane, Tetramethyltetraphenyl Trisiloxane, Tocopheryloxypropyl Trisiloxane, Trideceth-9 PG-Amodimeticona, Trietoxicaprilylsilane, Copolímero de Trietoxisililetil Dimeticona / Meticona, Trietoxisililetil Polidimethylsiloxietil Dimethicone, Triethoxysilylethyl Polidimethylsiloxietil Hexil Dimethicona, Triethoxysilylpropylcarbamoyl Etoxipropyl Butyl Dimethicona, Trifluoromethyl Alquil C1-4 Dimethicona, Trifluoropropyl Cyclopentasyloxane, Trifluoropropyl Cyclotetrasiloxane, Trifluoropropyl Dimeticona, Polymer cruzado de Trifluoropropyl Dimethicona / PEG-10, Polymer cruzado de Trifluoropropyl Dimethico / Trifluoropropyl Divinyldimethico,Trifluoropropyl Dimethicone / Vinyl Trifluoropropyl, Dimethicone / Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer, Trifluoropropyl Dimethiconol, Trifluoropropyl Dimethyl / Trimethylsiloxysilicate, Trifluoropropyl Methicone, Trimethoxycaprylylsilane, Trimethoxysilyl Dimethicone, Trimethyl Pentaphenyl Trisiloxane, Trimethylsiloxyamodimethicone, Trimethylsiloxyphenyl Dimethicone, Trimethylsiloxysilicate, Trimethylsiloxysilicate / Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Trimethylsiloxysilicate / Dimethiconol Crosspolymer, Trimethylsiloxysilylcarbamoyl Pullulan, Trimethylsilyl Hydrolyzed Conchiolin Protein Crosspolymer, PG-Propyl Methylsilanediol, Trimethylsilyl Hydrolyzed Silk Crosspolymer, PG-Propyl Methylsilanediol, Trimethylsilyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein Crosspolymer PG-Propyl Methylsilanediol, Trimethylsilyl Pullulan, Trimethylsilyl Trimethylsiloxy Glycolate, Trimethylsilyl Trimethylsiloxy Lactate, Trimethylsilyl Trimethylsiloxy Salicylate, Triphenyl Trimethicone, Trisiloxane, Tris-Tributoxysiloxymethylsilane,Undecylcrylene Dimethicone, Vinyl Dimethicone, Vinyl Dimethicone / Lauryl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Vinyl Dimethicone / Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer, Vinylmethyl / Trimethylsiloxysilicate Stearyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, VP / Dimethicone Acrylate / Polycarbamyl / Polyglycol Ester, Zinc Carboxidecyl Trisiloxane, and Zinc PEG-8 Dimethicone Succinate, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the silicones to be contained in the mixture according to the inventions are Dimethicone, Cyclomethicone, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclotetrasiloxane, Phenyl Trimethicone, and Cyclohexasiloxane. Waxes and / or stabilizers: In addition to the natural oils used, one or more waxes may also be present in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention, more especially natural waxes such as, for example, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japanese wax, esparto grass wax, cork wax, Guaruma wax, rice oil wax, sugar cane wax, ouricuri wax, montana wax, beeswax, shellac wax, spermaceti, lanolin (wool wax), uropygia fat, ceresin, ozokerite (earth wax), petrolatum, paraffin waxes and microwaxes; chemically modified waxes (hard waxes) such as, for example, montana ester waxes, sasol waxes, hydrogenated jojoba waxes and synthetic waxes such as, for example, polyalkylene waxes and polyethylene glycol waxes. Metallic salts of fatty acids such as, for example, magnesium, aluminum and / or zinc stearate or ricinoleate can be used as stabilizers. Primary sun protection factors: In addition to the liquid UV filters disclosed above, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention preferably includes one or more primary sun protection factors to optimize the sun protection factor (SPF) of the formulation, i.e., to obtain a high SPF of 5 to 50, or even 5 to 60, and to cover a broad range of UVA and UVB rays. In the context of the invention, the primary sun protection factors are, for example, organic substances (light filters) that are liquid or crystalline at room temperature and are capable of absorbing ultraviolet radiation and releasing the absorbed energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, e.g., heat. The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention advantageously contains at least one UV-A filter and / or at least one UV-B filter and / or a broad-spectrum filter and / or at least one inorganic pigment. The compositions according to the invention preferably contain at least one UV-B filter or a broad-spectrum filter, and more particularly, preferably at least one UV-A filter and at least one UV-B filter.The preferred cosmetic compositions, preferably topical compositions according to the present invention, comprise one, two, three or more sun protection factors selected from the group consisting of 4-aminobenzoic acid and derivatives, salicylic acid derivatives, benzophenone derivatives, dibenzoylmethane derivatives, diphenyl acrylates, 3-imidazol-4-yl acrylate and esters thereof, benzofuran derivatives, benzylidene malonate derivatives, polymeric UV absorbers containing one or more organosilicate radicals, cinnamic acid derivatives, camphor derivatives, trianilino-s-triazine derivatives, 2-hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole derivatives, phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid derivatives and salts thereof, menthol esters of anthranilic acid, benzotriazole derivatives and indole derivatives. Furthermore, a combination with active ingredients that penetrate the skin, protect skin cells from within against sun damage, and reduce the level of metalloproteinases in the skin matrix is ​​advantageous. The preferred ingredients are the so-called arylhydrocarbon receptor antagonists. The preferred one is 2-benzylidene-5,6-dimethoxy-3,3-dimethylindan-1-one. The UV filters listed below that can be used in the context of the present invention are preferred but are naturally not limiting. The UV filters that are preferably used are selected from the group consisting of - p-aminobenzoic acid - ethyl ester of p-aminobenzoic acid (25 mol) ethoxylated (INCI name: PEG-25 PABA) - 2-ethylhexyl ester of p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid - ethyl ester of p-aminobenzoic acid (2 mol) N-propoxylated - glycerol ester of p-aminobenzoic acid - homomenthydric ester of salicylic acid (homosalates) (Neo Heliopan®HMS) - 2-ethylhexyl ester of salicylic acid (Neo Heliopan®OS) - triethanolamine salicylate - 4-isopropyl benzyl salicylate - menthyl ester of anthranilic acid (Neo Heliopan®MA) - ethyl ester of diisopropyl cinnamic acid - 2-ethylhexyl ester of p-methoxycinnamic acid (Neo Heliopan®AV) - methyl ester of diisopropyl cinnamic acid - p-methoxycinnamic acid isoamyl ester (Neo Heliopan®E 1000) - diethanolamine salt of p-methoxycinnamic acid - isopropyl ester of p-methoxycinnamic acid - 2-phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid and salts (Neo Heliopan®Hydro) - 3-(4'-trimethylammonium)benzylidene bornan-2-one methyl sulfate - beta-imidazole-4 (5) -acrylic acid (urocanic acid) - 3- (4'-sulfo) benzylidene-bornan-2-one and salts - 3- (4'-methylbenzylidene) -D, L-camphor (Neo Heliopan®MBC) - 3-benzylidene-D, L-camphor - N-[(2 and 4)-[2-(oxoborn-3-ylidene)methyl]benzyl]-acrylamide polymer - 4, 4'-[ (6-[4- (1, 1-dimethyl) aminocarbonyl) phenylamino]-1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4-diyl) diimino]-bis- (2-ethylhexyl ester of benzoic acid) (Uvasorb®HEB) - benzylidene malonate polysiloxane (Parsol®SLX) - glyceryl ethylhexanoate dimethoxycinnamate - dipropylene glycol salicylate - tris (2-ethylhexyl) -4, 4', 4"- (1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4, 6-triyltriimino) tribenzoate (= 2, 4, 6-trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethylhexyl-1'-oxy) -1, 3, 5-triazine) (Uvinul®T150). In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises a combination with one or more broad-spectrum filters selected from the group consisting of - of 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyan-3,3-diphenyl acrylate (Neo Heliopan®303) - ethyl-2-cyan-3, 3'-diphenyl acrylate - 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (Neo Heliopan®BB) - 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid - dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone - 2, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone - tetrahydroxybenzophenone - 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone - 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone - 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methyl benzophenone - hydroxymethoxybenzophenone sulphonato de sodio - 2, 2'-dihydroxy-4, 4'-dimethoxy-5, 5'-disulfobenzofenona disódica - phenol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-metil-6-(2-metil-3 (1, 3, 3, 3-tetrametil-1-(trimetilsilyl)-oxi)-disiloxianil)-propilo) (Mexor yl®XL) - 2, 2'-methylene bis-(6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-1, 1, 3, 3-tetrametilbutil) phenol) (Tinosorb®M) - 2, 4-bis-[4-(2-etilhexyloxi)-2-hidroxifenil]-1, 3, 5-triazine - 2, 4-bis-[{ (4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2-hydroxy}-phenyl]-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3, 5-triazine (Tinosorb®S) - 2, 4-bis-[{ (4-(3-sulfonato)-2-hydroxypropyloxy)-2-hydroxy}phenyl]-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3, 5-triazine, sodium salt - 2, 4-bis-[{ (3-(2-propyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyloxy)-2-hydroxy}phenyl]-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3, 5-triazine - 2, 4-bis-[{4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2-hydroxy}-phenyl]-6-[4-(2-methoxyethylcarbonyl)-phenylamino]-1, 3, 5-triazine - 2, 4-bis-[{4- (3- (2-propyloxi) -2-hidroxipropiloxi) -2-hidroxi}fenil]-6-[4-(2-etilcarboxil) fenilamino]-1, 3, 5-triazine - 2, 4-bis-[{4-(2-etilhexyloxi) -2-hidroxi}fenil]-6-(1-metilpyrrol-2-yl)-1, 3, 5-triazine - 2, 4-bis-[{4-tris-(trimethylsiloxysilylpropyloxi)-2-hydroxy}phenyl]-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3, 5-triazine - 2, 4-bis-[{4-(2'-methylpropenyloxy)-2-hydroxy}-phenyl]-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3, 5-triazine - 2, 4-bis-[{4- (1', 1', 1', 3', 5', 5', 5'-heptamethylsiloxy-2"-methylpropyloxy) -2-hydroxy}phenyl]-6- (4-methoxyphenyl) -1, 3, 5-triazine. In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises a combination with one or more UV-A filters selected from the group consisting of - 4-isopropyl dibenzoyl methane - terephthalylidene-dibornan sulfonic acid and salts (Mexor yl®SX) - 4-t-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (avobenzone) / (Neo Heliopan®357) - disodium salt of phenylene-bis-benzimidacyl-tetrasulfonic acid (Neo Heliopan®AP) - 2, 2'- (1, 4-phenylene) -bis- (1H-benzimidazol-4, 6-disulfonic acid) , monosodium salt - hexyl ester of 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid (Uvinul® A Plus) - indanilidene compounds. In a more preferred embodiment, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises a combination with one or more UV filters selected from the group consisting of - p-aminobenzoic acid - 3-(4'-trimethylammonium)benzylidene bornan-2-one methyl sulfate - homomenthydric ester of salicylic acid (Neo Heliopan®HMS) - 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (Neo Heliopan®BB) - 2-phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid (Neo Heliopan®Hydro) - terephthalylidene-dibornan sulfonic acid and salts (Mexor yl®SX) - 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Neo Heliopan®357) - 3- (4'-sulfo) benzylidene-bornan-2-one and salts - of 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyan-3,3-diphenyl acrylate (Neo Heliopan®303) - N-[(2 and 4)-[2-(oxoborn-3-ylidene)methyl]benzyl]-acrylamide polymer - 2-ethylhexyl ester of p-methoxycinnamic acid (Neo Heliopan®AV) - ethyl ester of p-aminobenzoic acid (25 mol) ethoxylated (INCI name: PEG-25 PABA) - isoamyl ester of p-methoxycinnamic acid (Neo Heliopan®E1000) - 2, 4, 6-trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethylhexyl-1'-oxy) -1, 3, 5-triazine (Uvinul®T150) - phenol, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methyl-3 (1, 3, 3, 3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyl) -oxy) -disiloxyanyl) -propyl) (Mexor yl®XL) - 4, 4'-[ (6-[4- (1, 1-dimethyl) aminocarbonyl) phenylamino]-1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4-diyl) diimino]-bis- (2-ethylhexyl ester of benzoic acid) (Uvasorb HEB) - 3- (4'-methylbenzylidene) -D, L-camphor (Neo Heliopan®MBC) - 3-benzylidene camphor - 2-ethylhexyl ester of salicylic acid (Neo Heliopan®OS) - 2-ethylhexyl ester of 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid (Padimato O) - ácido hidroxi-4-metoxibenzophenona-5-sulfonic and salt de Na - 2, 2'-methylene bis-(6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-il)-4-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol) (Tinosorb®M) - sal disódica del ácido fenilen-bis-bencimidacil-tetrasulfónico (Neo Heliopan®AP) - 2, 4-bis-[{(4-(2-ethylhexyloxi)-2-hidroxy}-phenyl]-6-(4-metoxifenil)-1, 3, 5-triazina (Tinosorb®S) - benciliden malonate polysiloxane (Parsol®SLX) - anthranilate of mentilo (Neo Heliopan®MA) - ester of hexyl acid 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoil) benzoic (Uvinul® A Plus) - compuestos de indanilideno. In another preferred embodiment, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention contains a total amount of sun protection agents, i.e., in particular UV filters and / or inorganic pigments (UV filtering pigments) such that the composition according to the invention has a light protection factor greater than or equal to 5. Such compositions according to the invention are particularly suitable for protecting the skin and hair. Secondary Sun Protection Factors: In addition to the liquid UV filters disclosed above and the groups of primary sun protection factors mentioned above, secondary sun protection factors of an antioxidant type may also be advantageously used in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention. These secondary sun protection factors of an antioxidant type interrupt the chain of photochemical reactions that begins when UV rays penetrate the skin. Typical examples include amino acids (e.g., glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (e.g., urocanic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and their derivatives (e.g., anserine), carotenoids, carotenes (e.g., alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene), phytoene, phytofluene and their derivatives.chlorogenic acid and derivatives thereof, liponic acid and derivatives thereof (e.g., dihydroliponic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (e.g., thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and glucosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, alpha-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters thereof) and their salts, dilaurylthiodipropionate, distearylthiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and derivatives thereof (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and sulfoximine compounds (e.g., butyronine sulfoximines, homocysteine ​​sulfoximine, butyronine sulfones, penta-, hexa- and hepta-thionine sulfoximine) in very small compatible dosages, also chelating agents (of metals) (e.g. alpha-hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin), alpha-hydroxy acids (e.g. citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid,Bile extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and derivatives thereof, unsaturated fatty acids and derivatives thereof (e.g., linoleic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and derivatives thereof, ubiquinone and ubiquinol and derivatives thereof, vitamin C and derivatives thereof (e.g., ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate), tocopherols and derivatives thereof (e.g., vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) and coniferyl benzoate from benzoin resin, rutinic acid and derivatives thereof, glycosyl rutin, ferulic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, carnosine, butyl hydroxytoluene, butyl hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguaia resin acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and derivatives thereof, mannose and derivatives of the same, superoxide dismutase, titanium dioxide (e.g., dispersions in ethanol), zinc and its derivatives (e.g., ZnO, ZnSO4),selenium and derivatives thereof (e.g. selenium methionine), stilbenes and derivatives thereof (e.g. stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and derivatives of these active substances suitable for the purposes of the invention (salts, esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids). Advantageous secondary inorganic light-protecting pigments are finely dispersed metal oxides and metal salts. The total amount of inorganic pigments, in particular hydrophobic inorganic micropigments, in the finished cosmetic preparation according to the present invention is advantageously from 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 10.0% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the preparation. Particulate UV filters or inorganic pigments, which can optionally be hydrophobic, can also be used, such as titanium oxides (TiO2), zinc (ZnO), iron (Fe2O3), zirconium (ZrO2), silicon (SiO2), manganese (e.g., MnO), aluminum (Al2O3), cerium (e.g., Ce2O3) and / or mixtures thereof. Active ingredients that modulate skin and / or hair pigmentation: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may include active ingredients for lightening the skin and / or hair. The preferred active ingredients for lightening skin and / or hair are selected from the group consisting of kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4-pyranone), kojic acid derivatives, preferably kojic acid dipalmitate, arbutin, ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid derivatives, preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, hydroquinone, hydroquinone derivatives, resorcinol, resorcinol derivatives, preferably 4-alkylresorcinols and 4-(1-phenylethyl)-1,3-dihydroxybenzene (phenylethyl resorcinol), cyclohexylcarbamates, sulfur-containing molecules, preferably glutathione or cysteine, alpha-hydroxy acids (preferably citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), salts and esters thereof, N-acetyl tyrosine and derivatives, undecenoyl phenylalanine,gluconic acid, chromone derivatives, preferably aloesin, flavonoids, 1-aminoethylphosphinic acid, thiourea derivatives, ellagic acid, nicotinamide (niacinamide), zinc salts, preferably zinc chloride or zinc gluconate, tuyaplicin and derivatives, triterpenes, preferably maslinic acid, sterols, preferably ergosterol, benzofuranones, preferably senkyunolide, vinyl guaiacol, ethyl guaiacol, dionic acids, preferably octodecenedionic acid and / or azelaic acid, nitric oxide synthesis inhibitors, preferably L-nitroarginine and derivatives thereof, 2,7-dinitroindazole or thiocitrulline, metal chelators (preferably alpha-hydroxy fatty acids, phytic acid, humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, EDTA, EGTA and derivatives thereof), retinoids, milk and soy extract, serine protease inhibitors or lipoic acid or other synthetic or natural active ingredients for skin and hair lightening,These latter are preferably used in the form of a plant extract, preferably bearberry extract, rice extract, papaya extract, turmeric extract, mulberry extract, bengkoang extract, sedge extract, licorice root extract or concentrated or isolated constituents thereof, preferably glabridin or licochalcone A, artocarpus extract, extract of Rumex and Ramulus species, extracts of pine (Pinus) species, extracts of Vitis species or stilbene derivatives isolated or concentrated therefrom, saxifrage extract, Scutellaria extract, grape extract and / or microalgae extract, in particular Tetraselmis suecica extract. The preferred skin lighteners are kojic acid and phenylethyl resorcinol as tyrosinase inhibitors, beta- and alpha-arbutin, hydroquinone, nicotinamide, dioic acid, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and vitamin C and its derivatives, mulberry extract, Bengkoang extract, papaya extract, turmeric extract, sedge extract, licorice extract (containing glycyrrhizin), alpha-hydroxy acids, 4-alkylresorcinols, and 4-hydroxyanisole. These skin lighteners are preferred due to their excellent activity, particularly in conjunction with sclareolide according to the present invention. Furthermore, these preferred skin lighteners are readily available. The active ingredients that tan the skin and hair in this respect are tyrosinase substrates or substrate analogues such as L-tyrosine, N-acetyl tyrosine, L-DOPA or L-dihydroxyphenylalanine, xanthine alkaloids such as caffeine, theobromine and theophylline and derivatives thereof, proopiomelanocortin peptides such as ACTH, alpha-MSH, peptide analogues thereof and other substances that bind to the melanocortin receptor, peptides such as Val-Gly-Val-Ala-Pro-Gly, Lys-lle-Gly-Arg-Lys or Leu-lle-Gly-Lys, purines, pyrimidines, folic acid, copper salts such as copper gluconate, chloride or pyrrolidonate, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiols such as 5-pyrazin-2-yl-1,3, 4-oxadiazol-2-thiol, curcumin, zinc diglycinate (Zn(Gly)2), manganese(II) bicarbonate complexes ("pseudocatalases"), tetrasubstituted cyclohexene derivatives, isoprenoids, melanin derivatives such as Melasyn-100 and MelanZe, diacylglycerols,aliphatic or cyclic diols, psoralens, prostaglandins and analogues thereof, adenylate cyclase activators and compounds that activate the transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes, such as serine proteases or PAR-2 ​​receptor agonists, plant extracts and parts of plants of the chrysanthemum species, sanguisorba species, walnut extracts, urucum extracts, rhubarb extracts, microalgae extracts, in particular Isochr and sis galbana, trehalose, erythrulose and dihydroxyacetone. Flavonoids that stain or darken the skin and hair (e.g., quercetin, rhamnetin, kaempferol, fisetin, genistein, daidzein, chrysin and apigenin, epicatechin, diosmin and diosmetin, morin, quercitrin, naringenin, hesperidin, phloridzin and phloretin). Hair growth activators or inhibitors: Cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention may also comprise one or more hair growth activators, i.e., agents for stimulating hair growth. Hair growth activators are preferably selected from the group consisting of pyrimidine derivatives such as 2,4-diaminopyrimidine 3-oxide (Aminexil), 2,4-diamino-6-piperidinopyrimidine 3-oxide (Minoxidil) and derivatives thereof, 6-amino-1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-imino-4-piperidinopyrimidine and its derivatives, xanthine alkaloids such as caffeine, theobromine and theophylline and derivatives thereof, quercetin and derivatives, dihydroquercetin (taxifolin) and derivatives, potassium channel openers, antiandrogenic agents, synthetic or natural 5-reductase inhibitors, nicotinic acid esters such as tocopheryl nicotinate,benzyl nicotinate and C1-C6 alkyl nicotinate, proteins such as, for example, the tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val, diphenciprene, hormones, finasteride, dutasteride, flutamide, bicalutamide, pregnane derivatives, progesterone and its derivatives, cyproterone acetate, spironolactone and other diuretics, calcineurin inhibitors such as FK506 (Tacrolimus, Fujimycin) and its derivatives, Cyclosporine A and its derivatives, zinc and zinc salts, polyphenols, procyanidins, proanthocyanidins, phytosterols such as, for example, beta-sitosterol, biotin, eugenol, (±)-beta-citronellol, panthenol, glycogen, for example, from mussels, extracts of microorganisms, algae, plants and parts of plants, for example, from the dandelion genus (Leontodon). or Taraxacum), Orthosiphon, Vitex, Coffea, Paullinia, Theobroma, Asiasarum, Cucurbita or Styphnolobium, Serenoa repens (saw palmetto), Sophora flavescens, Pygeum africanum, Panicum miliaceum, Cimicifuga racemosa, Glycine max,Eugenia cary ophyllata, Cotinus coggygria, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Camellia sinensis, Ilex paraguariensis, Isochr sis galbana, licorice, grape, apple, barley or hops and / or hydrolysates of rice or wheat. Alternatively, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may include one or more hair growth inhibitors (as described above), i.e., agents for reducing or preventing hair growth. The hair growth inhibitors are preferably selected from the group consisting of activin, activin derivatives or activin agonists, ornithine decarboxylase inhibitors such as alpha-difluoromethylornithine or pentacyclic triterpenes such as, for example, ursolic acid, betulin, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and derivatives thereof, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, androgen receptor antagonists, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibitors, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibitors, transglutaminase inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors derived from soybeans, extracts of microorganisms, algae, various microalgae, or plants and plant parts of, for example,the families Leguminosae, Solanaceae, Graminae, Asclepiadaceae or Cucurbitaceae, the genera Chondrus, Gloiopeltis, Ceramium, Durvillea, Glycine max, Sanguisorba officinalis, Calendula officinalis, Hamamelis virginiana, Arnica montana, Salix alba, Hypericum perforatum or Gymnema sylvestre., Enzyme inhibitors: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may contain one or more enzyme inhibitors. Suitable enzyme inhibitors are, for example, esterase inhibitors. These are preferably trialkyl citrates, such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate, and, in particular, triethyl citrate (Hydagen CAT). The substances inhibit enzyme activity, thereby reducing odor formation.Other substances that are suitable esterase inhibitors are sterol sulfates or phosphates, such as, for example, lanosterol, cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and esters thereof, such as, for example, glutaric acid, monoethyl glutarate, diethyl glutarate, adipic acid, monoethyl adipate, diethyl adipate, malonic acid and diethyl malonate, hydroxycarboxylic acids and esters thereof, such as, for example, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or diethyl tartrate, and zinc glycinate. Odor Absorbers and / or Antiperspirant Active Agents: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may include one or more odor absorbers and / or antiperspirant active agents (antiperspirants). Suitable odor absorbers are substances that can absorb and largely retain odor-forming compounds. They reduce the partial pressure of the individual components, thereby also reducing their diffusion rate. It is important that the perfumes remain intact in this process. Odor absorbers are not effective against bacteria. They comprise, for example, as a main constituent, a complex zinc salt of ricinoleic acid or specific, largely odorless fragrances known to those skilled in the art as "fixatives," such as, for example, extracts of labdanum or styrax or certain abietic acid derivatives.Odor-masking agents are fragrances or perfume oils, which, in addition to their function as odor-masking agents, provide deodorants with their respective fragrance notes. Examples of perfume oils include blends of natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers, stems and leaves, fruits, fruit peels, roots, woods, herbs and grasses, needles and twigs, and resins and balsams. Animal products, such as civet and castoreum, are also suitable. Typical synthetic fragrance compounds are esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and hydrocarbons. Ester-type fragrance compounds include, for example, benzyl acetate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, allyl cyclohexylpropionate, styralyl propionate, and benzyl salicylate.Ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, and aldehydes include, for example, linear alkanes with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronelloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial, and bourgeonal. Ketones include, for example, ionones and methyl cedryl ketone. Alcohols include anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, and terpineol. Hydrocarbons primarily include terpenes and balsams. However, preference is given to using blends of different fragrances that together produce a pleasant fragrance note.Essential oils of relatively low volatility, which are mainly used as aromatic components, are also suitable as perfume oils, for example, sage oil, chamomile oil, clove essential oil, lemon balm oil, peppermint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden flower oil, juniper oil, vetiver oil, frankincense oil, galbanum oil, labdanum oil, and lavandin oil.Preference is given to the use of bergamot oil, dihydromyrcenol, lilial, liral, citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol, hexylcinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzylacetone, cyclamen aldehyde, linalool, boisambrene forte, ambroxan, indole, hedione, sandelice, lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, allyl amyl glycolate, cyclovertal, lavandin oil, sage oil, β-damascone, bourbon geranium oil, cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix coeur, iso-E-super, fixolide NP, evernil, iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romylate, irotil and floramat alone or in mixtures. Suitable astringent antiperspirant active ingredients are primarily aluminum, zirconium, or zinc salts. Such suitable antihidrotic active ingredients include, for example, aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum dichloride, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate, and complex compounds thereof, for example, with 1,2-propylene glycol, aluminum hydroxyallantoinate, aluminum chloride tartrate, aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate, and complex compounds thereof, for example, with amino acids such as glycine. Film-forming agents: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may include one or more film-forming agents. Standard film-forming agents are preferably chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymer, polymers of the acrylic acid series, quaternary cellulose derivatives, collagen, hyaluronic acid and salts thereof, and similar compounds. Carriers and Hydrotropes: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may comprise a carrier or a mixture of different carriers. Preferred cosmetic carrier materials are solids or liquids at 25°C and 1013 mbar (including high-viscosity substances), such as, for example, glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, ethanol, water, and mixtures of two or more of these liquid carrier materials with water. Optionally, these preparations according to the invention may be formulated using preservatives or solubilizers. Other preferred liquid carrier substances, which may form part of a preparation according to the invention, are selected from the group consisting of oils such as vegetable oil, neutral oil, and mineral oil. The preferred solid carrier materials, which may be a component of the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention, are hydrocolloids, such as starches, degraded starches, chemically or physically modified starches, dextrins, maltodextrins (powdered) (preferably with a dextrose equivalent value of 5 to 25, preferably 1-20), lactose, silicon dioxide, glucose, modified celluloses, gum arabic, ghatti gum, tragacanth, karaya, carrageenan, pullulan, curdlan, xanthan gum, gellan gum, guar flour, locust bean flour, alginates, agar, pectin, inulin, and mixtures of two or more of these solids, in particular maltodextrins (preferably with a dextrose equivalent value of 15-20), lactose, silicon dioxide, and / or glucose. In addition, hydrotropes, such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, or polyols, can be used to improve flow behavior. Suitable polyols preferably contain 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. Polyols may contain other functional groups, most notably amino groups, or may be modified with nitrogen. Typical examples are - glycerol; - alkylene glycols, such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 100 to 1000 Dalton; - technical mixtures of oligoglycerol with a degree of self-condensation of 1.5 to 10, such as, for example, technical mixtures of diglycerol with a diglycerol content of 40 to 50% by weight; - methylol compounds, such as, in particular, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol; - lower alkyl glycosides, in particular those containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, for example, methyl butyl glycoside; - sugar alcohols containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms, for example, sorbitol or mannitol, - sugars that have 5 to 12 carbon atoms, for example, glucose or sucrose; - amino sugars, for example, glucamine; - dialcoholamines, such as diethanolamine or 2-aminopropane-1, 3-diol. Colorants: The cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may comprise one or more colorants. Suitable colorants are any substances suitable and approved for cosmetic purposes. Examples include cochineal red A (CI.16255), patent blue V (CI.42051), indigotine (CI. 73015), chlorophyllin (CI. 75810), quinoline yellow (CI. 47005), titanium dioxide (CI. 77891), indanthrene blue RS (CI. 69800), and Madder lake (CI. 58000). Luminol may also be present as a luminescent colorant. Advantageous colored pigments include, for example, titanium dioxide, mica, iron oxides (e.g., Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, FeO(OH)₂), and / or tin oxide. Advantageous colorants include, for example, carmine, Berlin blue, chromium oxide green, ultramarine blue, and / or manganese violet. In addition to the substances described above, other ingredients commonly used in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical industry, which are suitable or common in the compositions of the present invention, may be used. Preferably, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition described herein is an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solution, preferably aqueous-ethanolic or aqueous-glycolic. The aqueous / alcoholic or aqueous / glycolic base solution comprises an aliphatic alcohol or a glycol in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the solution. The aliphatic alcohol is preferably selected from the group consisting of ethanol, isopropanol, and n-propanol. The glycol is preferably selected from the group consisting of glycerin, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, or dipropylene glycol. Preferably, the overall water content in the final composition of such compositions can be 60%, more preferably 70%, more preferably 80%, and more preferably 90%. Newer applications, such as those involving wet wipe solutions, have a high water content.In one particular variant, the compositions of the invention can be used for such wet wipe applications. They can then most preferably contain 95% water, or even 98% water. The higher the water content in a formulation of this type, the lower the solubility of the liquid lipophilic components. Such aqueous-based, or aqueous / alcoholic or aqueous / glycolic solutions include, for example, deodorant / antiperspirant preparations, aftershave products, cleansing preparations, anti-acne preparations or wet wipe solutions. In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is as defined herein, advantageously an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion comprising an oily phase dispersed in an aqueous phase in the presence of an O / W emulsifier or is a water-free formulation or a solid surfactant composition. These formulas or compositions are prepared according to usual and known methods. Preferably, the cosmetic composition according to the present invention is a preparation for cosmetic and / or non-therapeutic use for personal care, preferably for skin protection, skin care, scalp protection, scalp care, hair care, nail care, in particular for the prevention and / or treatment of skin conditions, intolerant or sensitive skin, skin irritation, skin redness, rosacea, hives, pruritus (itching), skin aging, wrinkle formation, loss of skin volume, loss of skin elasticity, pigmentation spots, pigmentation abnormalities, dryness, peeling, oiliness, hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation of the skin; or it is a functional preparation or a preparation for animal care. Examples of personal care products are, preferably, anti-aging preparations, skin care emulsions, body oils, body lotions, cleansing lotions, facial or body balms, aftershave balms, after-sun balms, deodorant emulsions, cationic emulsions, body gels, treatment creams, skin-protecting ointments, moisturizing gels, facial and / or body moisturizers, light-protective preparations (sunscreens), micellar water, hair spray, color-protecting hair products, skin-lightening products, anti-blemish preparations, etc. The present invention provides, in another aspect, a cosmetic product comprising a composition according to the present invention, wherein the product is a deodorant and / or antiperspirant, aerosol deodorant, spray deodorant, stick deodorant, roll-on deodorant, deodorant cream, deodorant wipes, deodorant crystals, Pickering emulsions, hydrodispersion gels, skin balms, shampoo, shower gel, bath foam, micellar water, facial cleansing solutions, cleansing wipes, intimate spray, intimate cream, intimate wash lotion, intimate wipes, foot spray, foot spray, foot bath, foot balm, soap, liquid wash product, shower and bath preparation, bath product, bath capsule, bath oil, bath bar, bath salt, bath soap, effervescent preparation, concentrated mouthwash, ready-to-use mouthwash, repellent, insect repellent applications,in particular insect repellent lotion, spray, solution or cream, mosquito repellents, human odor masking applications, perfume compositions and toothpaste. Alternatively, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation comprising a composition according to the present invention. Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition according to the first and second aspects of the present invention is used to prevent and / or treat dysfunctions of human hair, skin and / or nails, in particular dermatological or keratological diseases, wherein the dermatological or keratological diseases are selected from the group consisting of atopic dermatitis (neurodermatitis), psoriasis, acneiform exanthema, sebostasis, xerosis, eczema, hyperseborrhea and hyposeborrhea, dermatitis, rosacea, erythema, wheals, pruritus (itching), inflammation, irritation, fibrosis, lichen planus, pityriasis rosea, pityriasis versicolor, autoimmune blistering diseases, urticaria, angioedema, allergic skin reactions, wound healing, tissue regeneration and in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In order to be usable, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, particularly dermatological, according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, is applied to the skin, hair, scalp and / or nails in an appropriate amount, in the usual way in cosmetic and dermatological products. As an additional alternative (not according to the invention), a household care product comprising a composition according to the present invention is provided. Household care products according to the present invention are predominantly detergent formulations, typically liquids, powders, sprays, granules, or tablets, used to remove dirt, including dust, stains, odors, and mess from surfaces, or other types of household or laundry detergents, which are added to laundry detergents or liquid soaps.Typical household care products include multipurpose cleaners, dishwashing liquids, floor and hard surface cleaners, glass cleaners, carpet cleaners, oven cleaners, laundry detergents, fabric softeners, laundry fragrances, scented lotions, car shampoo, tire gel, car shampoo, furniture wax, all of the above products also in encapsulated form or air fresheners. The present invention provides in another aspect for using the composition according to the first or second aspect of the present invention to improve the organoleptic properties, i.e., the feel on the skin, of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising a liquid lipophilic component, for sebum control, or for odor control, or for modulating fragrance notes, or for modifying fragrance notes, or for suppressing fragrance notes, or for topical applications, or for covering the odor of 1-octen-3-ol, or for masking insect-attracting odors. Furthermore, the present invention provides for the use of a composition according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, as defined above, to produce a cosmetic or pharmaceutical product according to the present invention. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are merely illustrative of the present invention, so that the content of the present invention is not limited by or to the following examples. Examples A) Antimicrobial activity: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) Methods The MIC test is a proliferation inhibition test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is estimated in 96-well plates. By comparing bacterial proliferation with positive and negative controls using optical density (OD), different concentrations of specific test substances are evaluated. The bacteria were cultured under conditions adjusted according to information from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ) and stored in 50% glycerol before use. The following method was then applied: Add culture medium (according to the microorganism) to each well of the microplate. Add the assay substances at different concentrations, positive controls (water controls with medium only), and negative controls (references according to the organism). Add the microorganism at a concentration of 10⁶ CFU / ml (CFU = colony-forming units). Incubate the microplates under appropriate conditions. Based on the resulting proliferation, the concentrations of the substances are classified as inhibitory or non-inhibitory, and the MIC is defined as the lowest concentration at which complete inhibition of growth is observed. Experiments at concentration limits (the highest concentration being called the proliferation concentration and the lowest, the inhibitory concentration) are performed at least twice. Results Example A.1: Antimicrobial properties of alkanediols against microorganisms naturally associated with human skin Table 1: Antimicrobial properties of 1,2-heptanediol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,2-nonanediol, 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol against microorganisms naturally associated with human skin: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration MIC in m. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are expressed in ppm. ">5000" indicates that 5000 ppm was tested and no inhibition of proliferation was observed; higher values ​​were not investigated. As can be seen from these results, all the alkanediols tested exhibited an excellent antimicrobial effect against the microorganisms naturally associated with human skin. The best antimicrobial effect was achieved with 1,2-nonanediol. In addition, 2,3-nonanediol showed a remarkably strong antimicrobial effect. It has only recently been discovered that the microorganism Cor and Nebacterium jeikeium is one of those responsible for producing compounds that have an unpleasant odor from human sweat. Inhibiting the microbial activity of Cor and Nebacterium jeikeium is difficult. Surprisingly, 1,2-heptanediol, 1,2-nonanediol, and 2,3-nonanediol have been found to have an antimicrobial effect against Cor and Nebacterium jeikeium. In particular, the nonanediols tested showed a remarkably strong antimicrobial effect against Cor and Nebacterium jeikeium.Therefore, all the tested alkanediols are especially useful for treating unpleasant odors, for topical applications, and for masking insect-attracting odors, since insects are attracted, for example, to the scent of compounds produced by microbes in sweat. 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol are particularly useful. Table 2: Antimicrobial properties of 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, 2,3-nonanediol and 2,3-undecanediol compared to 1,2-decanediol against microorganisms naturally associated with human skin: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) in m Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are expressed in ppm. ">5000" indicates that 5000 ppm was tested and no inhibition of proliferation was observed; higher values ​​were not investigated. As shown in Table 2, 2,3-undecanediol exhibits the lowest MIC values ​​against all the microorganisms tested. This means that smaller quantities of 2,3-undecanediol are needed to inhibit the proliferation of these microorganisms. Furthermore, 2,3-undecanediol has similar MIC values ​​to 1,2-decanediol, which, however, has an inherently unpleasant odor. The antimicrobial performance of 2,3-undecanediol against C. jeikeium is even better than that of 1,2-decanediol. Example A.2: Synergistic activity of combinations including a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2,3-alkanediol against Staphylococcus aureus The synergistic activity of mixtures containing a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2,3-alkanediol was determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) according to the method described above in the Methods section. To verify that the tested combinations act synergistically against microorganisms of the natural skin microbiota of mammals, corresponding experiments were conducted with Staphylococcus aureus, a known skin pathogen. The synergistic activities of different alkanediol mixtures containing a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2,3-alkanediol in the proportions specified in Table 3 below were determined by measuring the MIC of the mixture as described in the Methods section. To calculate the synergy index with the MIC values, Kull's equation (I) was used: SI = (CMImix x PA) / CMIA + (CMImix x PB) / CMIB (I) where SI is the Synergy Index according to Kull CMIA is the CMI value of component A CMIB is the CMI value of component B CMImezcla is the CMI value for the mixture of components A and B PA is the proportion of Component A in the mixture PB is the proportion of Component B in the mixture Table 3: MIC values ​​and synergy index of different alkanediol mixtures including a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2-lnilmmnn nimi rin nr A r ill r ili ni For all tested mixtures of 1,2-alkanediol and 2,3-alkanediol according to the present invention, synergistic effects were found in terms of antimicrobial efficacy with SI values ​​less than 1. Furthermore, a synergistic antimicrobial efficacy was observed for an alkanediol mixture including 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (90:10) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Synergy Index for this alkanediol mixture was 0.50. Example A.3: Other antimicrobial properties of 1,2-nonanediol Table 4: Antimicrobial properties of 12-nonanediol: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) in m Furthermore, as shown in Table 4, 1,2-nonanediol exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against other microorganisms naturally associated with human skin. It was only recently discovered that the microorganism Anaerococcus octavius ​​is responsible for producing unpleasant-smelling compounds from human sweat. Inhibiting the microbial activity of Anaerococcus octavius ​​is challenging. Surprisingly, 1,2-nonanediol was found to have an antimicrobial effect against Anaerococcus octavius. Therefore, 1,2-nonanediol is particularly useful for treating unpleasant odors, topical applications, and masking insect-attracting odors. Example A.4: Synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of mixtures of 1,2-alkanediol and 2,3-alkanediol (according to the invention) and of 2,3-alkanediols (not according to the invention) The following preservation efficacy tests (PET) were performed to demonstrate the antimicrobial efficacy of the compositions according to the present invention and, in particular, to demonstrate potentiation, i.e., the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of said compositions. The preservation efficacy test (PET) was performed in accordance with section 5.1.3 of the European Pharmacopoeia: This test is a European Pharmacopoeia reference method used to evaluate the preservation system of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparation. The test consists of exposing the preparation to be tested to prescribed inocula of suitable microorganisms. The preservation properties of the preparation are adequate if, under the test conditions, a significant decrease or absence of increase, as appropriate, is observed in the number of microorganisms in the inoculated preparations after the prescribed time. The test microorganisms used are as follows: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) (bacteria); Staphylococcus aureus (SA) (bacteria); Escherichia coli (EC) (bacteria); Candida albicans (CA) (yeast); and Aspergillus brasiliensis (AB) (fungus). Table 5: Results of the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol against bacteria, yeasts, fungi / molds in o / w emulsion The synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol against yeasts is shown in Figure 1. The synergistic antimicrobial effect of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol, as shown in Table 5, demonstrates that compositions according to the present invention comprising at least one 1,2-alkanediol and at least one 2,3-alkanediol, as defined above, are useful in effective odor control products, in topical products, and in products intended to mask odors that attract insects. Table 6: Results of the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of 1,2-heptanediol, 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol and 23-nonanediol in shampoo From Table 6 above, it is clear that 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-octanediol, and 2,3-nonanediol also have antimicrobial efficacy against different bacteria (represented by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Escherichia coli (EC)), yeasts (represented by Candida albicans (CA)), and fungi (represented by Aspergillus brasiliensis (AB)) when used in a shampoo formulation. Table 7: Results of the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol against yeasts and fungi / molds in o / w emulsion Table 7 above shows that a mixture of 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol also has antimicrobial efficacy against different yeasts (represented by Candida albicans (CA)) and fungi (represented by Aspergillus brasiliensis (AB)). Table 8: Results of the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol (in wet wipes against yeast in solution for wet wipes) Table 8 above shows that a mixture of 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol also has antimicrobial efficacy against yeast (represented by Candida albicans (CA)). Table 9: Results of the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol against fungi in o / w emulsion Table 9 above shows that a mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol also has antimicrobial efficacy against fungi (represented by Aspergillus brasiliensis (AB)). Table 10: Results of the synergistic antimicrobial efficacy of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol against fungi in o / w emulsion Table 10 above shows that a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol also has antimicrobial efficacy against fungi (represented by Aspergillus brasiliensis (AB)). B) Covering up bad odors Example B.1: Coverage of bad sweat odor using 1,2-heptanediol Method The odor coverage was tested in a set configuration with a trained panel (n=8-9). For this sensory test, a defined amount of the material was applied to filter paper along with a defined amount of sweat odor. For evaluation, panelists were asked to rate the individual samples on a scale of 0 to 10 (0: odorless; 10: strongest imaginable). A significant reduction in the bad odor of 1,2-alkanediols was observed in the tested example 1,2-heptanediol after 6 h. The initial bad odor value was reduced from 5.6 to 4.8 after 6 h. Table 11: Odor coverage effect of 12-he tanodiol 1,2-Heptanediol does not possess a recognizable intrinsic odor. Therefore, the odor-masking effect of 1,2-heptanediol is not based on an odor that cancels out the odor of sweat. The reason or mechanism of the odor-masking effect of alkanediols according to the present invention is still unknown. However, the odor-masking effect is remarkably high. Consequently, the alkanediols of the present invention, particularly 1,2-heptanediol, are useful for effective odor control, topical applications, and in products for masking insect-attracting odors. Table 12: Results of odor coverage experiments for the test compositions based on hetanodiol C7 after 6 h 24 h Classification: 1 = most odor to 6 = least odor) Table 12 shows the results of the odor coverage experiments for the heptanediol (C7)-based samples. The results above show that combining 1,2-heptanediol with 2,3-heptanediol in different proportions allows for a significant improvement in odor elimination, thanks to the effective neutralization of odors, compared to using 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol separately. The combination of the isomeric heptanediols produces a synergistic effect superior to that of the individual substances. Further combining these isomeric mixtures with additional cooling agents results in even greater synergy. Therefore, only small amounts of compound 2,3 are needed to achieve a noticeable beneficial effect. Table 13: Results of odor coverage experiments for C8 octanediol-based test compositions after 6 h 24 h Classification: 1 = most odor, 6 = least odor As can be seen from the previous results, the pure alkanediol compounds exhibit an odor index of 2.8 and 3.2 after 24 hours. Consequently, the corresponding mixtures of both compounds should exhibit an expected odor index between 2.8 and 3.2 measured after 24 hours. However, in fact, mixtures of both compounds in different proportions exhibit an odor index ranging from 3.6 to 4.2 after 24 hours, indicating a beneficial synergy between the isomeric octanediol compounds. Therefore, mixtures of both isomeric forms, i.e., compositions comprising a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2,3-alkanediol according to the present invention, show a synergistic odor-covering effect after 24 hours. Thus, small quantities of the 2,3-alkanediol compound are sufficient to achieve a noticeable beneficial effect.Table 14: Results of odor coverage experiments for test compositions based on combinations of heptanediols (C7) and octanediols (C8) after 6 h and 24 h (Ranking: 1 = most odor to 6 = least odor. As shown in the previous results, pure alkanediol compounds differing in chain length exhibit an odor index of 3.1 and 3.4 after 24 h. Consequently, corresponding mixtures of both compounds should exhibit an expected odor index between 3.2 and 3.4 measured after 24 h. However, in fact, mixtures of both compounds in different proportions exhibit an odor index ranging from 3.4 to 4.1 after 24 h, indicating a beneficial synergy between 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol, which have different chain lengths. Therefore, mixtures of said different alkanediols in different proportions, i.e. compositions comprising a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2,3-alkanediol that differ in their chain lengths (heterocombination) according to the present invention, show a synergistic odor-covering effect after 24 h.Thus, small amounts of compound 2, 3 are sufficient to achieve a noticeable beneficial effect and effectively neutralize bad odors. Example B.2: Effect of the elimination of unpleasant odors on fragrance ingredients Method Test conditions: The fragrance ingredients (1% w / w) in aqueous / ethanolic solution (7:3) were sprayed onto paper strips and compared to solutions containing alkanediols after 10 min and 25 min, respectively. Test substances: Table 15: Stolen Alkanediols Table 16: Stolen Fragrance Mixture: Preparation of the fragrance blend ("FRA blend"): The fragrance ingredients listed above in Table 13 were mixed by stirring at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer for 5 minutes at 350 rpm. Table 17: Stolen ethanolic / aqueous solution he tanodiols octanediols Preparation of fragrance solutions: The FRA mixture specified above was pre-dissolved in the alkanediol mixture according to Table 14, and ethanol was added. The solution was vortexed for 15 seconds. Water was then added, and the resulting solution was vortexed again for another 15 seconds. To evaluate the sensory behavior of alkanediols in combination with various odor compounds, the odor compounds were mixed with the alkanediol mixtures and dissolved in an EtOH / water solution. These mixtures were then evaluated by untrained panelists and compared to corresponding samples prepared without the addition of alkanediol (placebo). Odor intensity was assigned a corresponding value between 1 and 5 (rating: 1 = weak odor; 5 = strong odor / high odor intensity). T l 1 : Ev lin 1 min lnil: hnil Table 19: Evaluation after 25 minutes alkanediol: he tandiol The results of the evaluation are further shown in Figure 2a. Table 20: Evaluation after 10 minutes alkanediol: octanediol Table 21: Evaluation after 25 minutes alkanediol: octanediol The results of the evaluation are further shown in Figure 2b. As can be seen from the data in Tables 18 to 21 and Figures 2a and 2b, there is a synergistic odor-masking effect for samples 4 and 8 comprising compositions according to the present invention that include a mixture of 1,2-alkanediols and 2,3-alkanediols. A clear reduction in fragrance intensity was observed after 10 min and 25 min, respectively, with the addition of 1,2-alkanediols, 2,3-alkanediols, and mixtures thereof. Furthermore, all panelists identified a reduction in pungent / sharp odor notes. In particular, C12 NMA aldehyde has a strong pungent / sharp odor note, which is typically difficult to suppress or mask.Therefore, the effective suppression or masking of the undesirable fragrance note of C12 NMA aldehydes by incorporating 1,2-alkanediols, 2,3-alkanediols, and mixtures thereof is noteworthy. Significant improvements were observed when using 1,2-alkanediols or 2,3-alkanediols as is. The particularly noticeable masking of the aforementioned unpleasant odor note was especially effective in compositions containing 1,2-heptanediols in combination with 2,3-heptanediol and 1,2-octanediols in combination with 2,3-octanediol. No other effects of pure ethanol as a fragrance carrier were found, and thus the compositions achieve excellent odor masking in various media or media combinations.As these results show, the compositions according to the present invention can be used effectively to reduce unpleasant odors and control body odor. In particular, the compositions comprising 1,2-heptanediol, 2,3-heptanediol, 1,2-octanediol, and / or 2,3-octanediol provide excellent effects for reducing unpleasant odors and controlling body odor. Example B.3: Coverage effect against bad odors and insect-attracting compounds Method Test conditions: The ingredients (1% w / w) in an aqueous / ethanolic (7:3) solution were sprayed onto paper strips and compared to solutions containing alkanediols directly and after 5 min, respectively. Test substances: Table 22: Stolen Alkanediols Table 23: Malodorous compound / insect attractant that is a compound normally found in human sweat Table 24: Stolen ethanolic / aqueous solution Preparation of fragrance solutions: 1-Octen-3-ol was pre-dissolved in the alkanediol mixtures as specified in Table 21, ethanol was added, and the solutions were vortexed for 15 seconds. Subsequently, water was added, and the resulting solutions were vortexed again for a further 15 seconds. Table 25: Evaluation after 0 minutes 1-octen-3-ol Table 26: Evaluation after 5 minutes 1-octen-3-ol The results of the experiment are shown in Figure 3. A clear reduction in the intensity of the compound was observed immediately and after 5 minutes, respectively, upon adding the alkanediol mixtures specified in Table 24. All panelists (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6) identified a significant reduction in the unpleasant earthy / rotten note. Therefore, a strong impact on the odor reduction of 1-octen-3-ol was observed. The excellent suppression of 1-octen-3-ol odor achieved by the compositions according to the present invention demonstrates that the compositions of the present invention are useful for effectively masking insect-attracting odors and sweat odors. No other effects of pure ethanol as a carrier were found; therefore, the compositions achieve an excellent odor-covering and insect-masking effect in different media or media compositions.These results demonstrate that the compositions according to the present invention can be used to significantly reduce bad odors, for body odor control, and to mask insect-attracting odors. Example B.4: Enhancing / masking effect of alkanediols on fragrance ingredients Test conditions: The paper strips were immersed in the fragrance solution (1% w / w; aqueous / ethanolic (7:3) ; see example 5) and compared with solutions containing alkanediols after 10 and 30 minutes, respectively. To evaluate the sensory behavior of alkanediols together with various odor compounds, the odor compounds were mixed with the alkanediol (mixture) and analyzed according to the method described in Example B.2 in comparison with corresponding samples prepared without the addition of alkanediol(s) (placebo sample). The test conditions, as well as the FRA mixture, correspond to those used in Example B.2. Preparation of fragrance solutions: The FRA mixture specified above (according to Table 13) was pre-dissolved in the alkanediol mixture according to Table 24, and ethanol was added. The solution was stirred for 3 min using a magnetic stirrer. Subsequently, water was added, and the resulting solution was stirred again for another 3 min. To evaluate the sensory behavior of alkanediols together with different odor compounds, the odor compounds were mixed with the alkanediol (mixture) and dissolved in an EtOH / water solution and were evaluated by untrained panelists (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7) compared to corresponding samples that were prepared without adding alkanediol(s) (placebo sample). The odor intensity was assigned a corresponding value between 1 and 5 (Rating: 1 = weak odor; 5 = strong odor / high odor intensity). Table 27: Stolen ethanolic / aqueous solutions The intensity of the odor was assigned a corresponding value between 1 and 5 (Classification: 1 = weak odor; 5 = strong odor / high odor intensity). Table 28: Evaluation after 10 and 30 minutes respectively. Table 29: Evaluation after 10 and 30 minutes, respectively: results ordered according to the effect of masking The results of the evaluation are further shown in Figures 26a and 26b, respectively. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that both alkanediols alone and mixtures of 1,2-alkanediols with 2,3-alkanediols effectively mask the fragrance mixture. Therefore, 1,2-heptanediol masks the fragrance most effectively, followed by the mixture of the two diols that differ in chain length (heterocombination). 2,3-octanediol alone exhibits the least masking effect in this test. Sebum control Example C.1: Sebum control Further tests were conducted on human sebaceous glands to assess the modulating activity of various 1,2-alkanediols and 2,3-alkanediols on sebum secretion. Several skin microbial species are lipid-dependent and feed on human sebum (i.e., Cor. nebacterium, Propionibacterium). Therefore, reducing sebum may indirectly reduce the number of microorganisms on the skin and thus indirectly contribute to, for example, reducing dandruff or acne. For these experiments, sebaceous glands were microdissected and cultured in a medium. The medium without any supplementation served as an untreated control. The medium containing 5 µM capsaicin served as a positive control. Additionally, the culture medium was supplemented with different concentrations of alkanediols. After six days, the sebaceous glands were harvested, and the lipids and proteins were quantified. The total amount of lipids representative of sebum production was obtained by normalizing the quantified lipids to the quantified proteins (i.e., mg of lipids / mg of proteins). The results are shown in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 4, all the 1,2-alkanediols analyzed showed a reduction in sebum compared to an untreated control group. This demonstrates the sebum-reducing action of 1,2-alkanediols. In the case of 2,3-alkanediols, the sebum-reducing effect is even greater, particularly for 2,3-heptanediol, 2,3-nonanediol, and 2,3-decanediol. 1,2-heptanediol shows a 22% reduction in sebum, while 2,3-heptanediol shows a 30% reduction. 1,2-nonanediol reduces sebum secretion by 28%, while 2,3-nonanediol reduces it by 41%. The greatest reduction in sebum was observed with 1,2-undecanediol, at 44%, while 2,3-undecanediol resulted in a sebum reduction exceeding 50%. Therefore, 2,3-alkanediol substances have a distinct effect on sebum reduction compared to their corresponding 1,2-alkanediol counterparts.However, no linear correlation was found between molecule length and activity. The highest yield of the 1,2-alkanediols was 1,2-undecanediol, and the highest yield of the 2,3-alkanediols was 2,3-nonanediol and 2,3-undecanediol. All results shown in this figure come from a single experiment with human sebaceous glands from the same human donor. For 1,2-nonanediol, the concentration dependence was further investigated and experimentally confirmed. The results are shown in Figure 5. All the results shown in this figure are from a single experiment using human sebaceous glands from the same human donor and differ from the experimental results shown previously. Based on these results, it is hypothesized that 1,2-alkanediols, particularly 1,2-undecanediol, and 2,3-alkanediols, particularly 2,3-nonanediol and 2,3-undecanediol, have microbiota-balancing or reducing properties indirectly through sebum reduction. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention can be used for sebum control, odor control, and topical applications. D) Antioxidant boosting effect To evaluate the influence of 1,2-alkanediols and / or 2,3-alkanediols on the antioxidant capacity of antioxidants, two different tests were performed: (1) Treatment with Oxipres to simulate product protection; and (2) Evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for skin protection. The following tests were performed with sunflower oil + / - antioxidant and + / - alkanediols. Sunflower oil was used because it is composed mainly of less stable polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Treating it with heat and oxygen readily triggers and accelerates oxidation. Example D.1: Oxipres test to simulate product protection An Oxipres test was performed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of different test samples, as described below. Test samples: Sample 1: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 2: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample 3: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 4: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% of a 95% alkanediol mixture of 1,2-heptanediol plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol** Sample 5: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 6: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 7: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol Sample 8: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol Sample 9: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% 1,2-decanediol Sample 10: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.1% 1,2-decanediol Sample 11: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 12: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 13: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 14: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample 15: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 16: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 17: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol; ratio 98:2 ** Sample 18: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol; ratio 99:1** Sample 19: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 20: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample 21: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-hexanediol Sample 22: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-hexanediol Sample 23: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-hexanediol and 2,3-hexanediol; ratio 95:5 Sample 24: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-hexanediol and 2,3-hexanediol; 50:50 ratio Sample 25: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-octanediol Sample 26: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 27: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol; 50:50 ratio ** Sample 28: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-decanediol Sample 29: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-decanediol Sample 30: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-decanediol; ratio 95:5 Sample 31: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-decanediol; 50:50 ratio Sample 32: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 33: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample 34: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 35: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-hexanediol Sample 36: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-hexanediol; 50:50 ratio Sample 37: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 38: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol; ratio 95:5 ** Sample 39: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 40: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample 41: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol Sample 42: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-nonanediol Sample 43: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol; 50:50 ratio ** Sample 44: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 45: Sunflower oil plus 2.0% Symdecanox HA* Sample 46: Sunflower oil plus 2.0% Symdecanox HA plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 47: Sunflower oil plus 2.0% Symdecanox HA plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 48: Sunflower oil plus 2.0% Symdecanox HA plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol; ratio 95:5** Sample 49: Sunflower oil plus 2.0% Symdecanox HA plus 0.5% 1,2-octanediol Sample 50: Sunflower oil plus 2.0% Symdecanox HA plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 51: Sunflower oil plus 2.0% Symdecanox HA plus 0.5% mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol; ratio 95:5** Sample 52: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 53: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate (Tinogard Sample TT) Sample 54: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate (Tinogard TT) plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 55: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate (Tinogard TT) plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 56: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% pentaerythrityl tetra-di-t-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate (Tinogard TT) plus a 0.5% mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol; ratio 95:5 ** Sample 57: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 58: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% hydroxyacetophenone Sample 59: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% hydroxyacetophenone plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 60: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% hydroxyacetophenone plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 61: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 62: Sunflower oil plus 0.05% ascorbyl palmitate Sample 63: Sunflower oil plus 0.05% ascorbyl palmitate plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 64: Sunflower oil plus 0.05% ascorbyl palmitate plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol ** according to the invention * INCI Symdecanox HA: Caprylic / Capric Triglyceride, Hydroxymethoxyphenyl Decanonenone Test Procedure: To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the samples described above, an Oxipres test was performed. The Oxipres method is based on oxygen consumption at high temperatures and pressures and allows for the determination of oxidation resistance (shelf life) of, for example, oils. The test is performed under elevated pressure and temperature, which accelerates the process. In the Oxipres test, the sample is placed inside a hermetically sealed iron container that is subjected to high oxygen pressures and temperatures of 90 to 120 °C. The samples described above were treated in the Oxipres device for 48 hours at 80 °C and 5 bar pressure, and the induction period was determined. Oxygen consumption causes a pressure drop in the container during the test. A greater pressure drop indicates higher oxygen consumption and greater oxidation of the product under test.Oils with a high degree of unsaturation are the most prone to auto-oxidation. The induction period is the time during which a fat or oil exhibits stability against oxidation due to its naturally occurring or added antioxidant content. In the test, the antioxidants oxidize preferentially before the oxidizable fat or oil. Therefore, the antioxidants protect the fat or oil from oxidation. Afterward, a sudden and large consumption of oxygen occurs, and the fat becomes rancid. This period can be defined by the induction period (IP) in hours. A shorter IP correlates with faster oxidation. Equipment: The tests were performed using an Oxipres device from Mikrolab. This is a modification of the pump method (ASTM D941 standard), which is based on oxidation with oxygen. Before and after the Oxipres treatment, an odor assessment of the samples was also performed, and the acidity value of the samples was determined before and after the Oxipres treatment. The principle of the acidity determination is based on the neutralization of free acids by titration with ethanolic or aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. The value indicates the number of milligrams (mg) of KOH required to neutralize the free acids in 1 g of the test substance. The titration, in accordance with the instructions for use and Article 64 of the LFGB (formerly Article 35 of the LMBG), is carried out by titration with a potassium hydroxide solution until a pH value of 8.1 is reached. The following table provides an overview of the samples, antioxidants, alkanediols, and the resulting induction period (IP) value. Table 30: Overview of alkanediol antioxidants Induction period IP Table 31: Results of the IP induction period of the acid value after treatment with Oxires The results in Table 31 clearly show that sample 3 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol), sample 4 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% of an alkanediol mixture of 95% 1,2-heptanediol and 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol), sample 8 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol), sample 10 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.1% 1,2-decanediol), and sample 12 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.2% 2,3-octanediol) 5%), meaning that samples containing an antioxidant along with a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol or a mixture thereof have prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the samples are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Samples with 1,2-alkanediol or 2,3-alkanediol alone have no antioxidant effect. The favorable results mentioned above are confirmed by a lower acidity value. The acid value is defined as the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free fatty acids present in one gram of fat. It is a relative measure of rancidity, since free fatty acids are normally formed during the breakdown of triglycerides. Consequently, the acid value correlates with the degree of rancidity of an oil. In comparison, comparative sample 1 (sunflower oil without antioxidant or alkanediol), comparative sample 2 (sunflower oil with tocopherol), and comparative samples 5 and 6 (sunflower oil with alkanediol but without tocopherol) had a shorter induction period (IP) (indicating a shorter shelf life), meaning that oxidative degradation begins earlier compared to the samples containing an antioxidant plus an alkanediol.The comparative samples also showed higher acidity values. In addition, the delta values ​​of the IP points were calculated for the above samples against the corresponding IP points of sunflower oil without additives, as shown in Table 28. The ROS test results are summarized in the following tables: Table 32: The results are shown in Figure 8. As can be seen in Figure 8, both sample 3 and sample 4 have prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that these media are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 33: The results are shown in Figure 9. As can be seen in Figure 9, a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (98:2) results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 34: The results are shown in Figure 10. As can be seen in Figure 10, a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (99:1) results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 35: The results are shown in Figure 11. As can be seen in Figure 11, 2,3-hexanediol results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator sample. Table 36: The results are shown in Figure 12. As can be seen in Figure 12, both sample 22 and sample 24 result in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 37: The results are shown in Figure 13. As can be seen in Figure 13, a mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol (50:50) results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 38: The results are shown in Figure 14. As can be seen in Figure 14, a mixture of 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-decanediol (95:5) results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 39: The results are shown in Figure 15. As can be seen in Figure 15, a mixture of 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-decanediol (50:50) results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. The induction period is even longer compared to a mixture of 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-decanediol (95:5). Table 40: The results are shown in Figure 16. As can be seen in Figure 16, a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-hexanediol (50:50) results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the sample is more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 41: The results are shown in Figure 17. Table 42: The results are shown in Figure 18. As can be seen in Figure 18, sample 41 and sample 5 resulted in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). However, a mixture of 1,2-nonanediol and 2,3-nonanediol considerably prolonged the induction period. This means that the samples are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 43: The results are shown in Figure 19. As can be seen in Figure 19, sample 47 resulted in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). However, a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (95:5) considerably prolonged the induction period. This means that the samples are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 44: The results are shown in Figure 20. As can be seen in Figure 20, sample 51 results in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the samples are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 45: The results are shown in Figure 21. As can be seen in Figure 21, both sample 54 and sample 55 resulted in prolonged induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). However, a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (95:5) considerably prolonged the induction period. This means that the samples are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 46: The results are shown in Figure 22. As can be seen in Figure 22, both 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol, together with hydroxyacetophenone, result in remarkably long induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the samples are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. Table 47: The results are shown in Figure 23. As can be seen in Figure 23, both 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol, together with ascorbyl palmitate, result in remarkably long induction periods (indicating a longer shelf life). This means that the samples are more stable against oxidative degradation than the comparator samples. As demonstrated in the previous example, the induction period of the samples can be prolonged with an antioxidant (tocopherol) and can be further enhanced, i.e., synergistically, by combining an antioxidant with an alkanediol. Therefore, the oxidation process of the sample containing an oil can be slowed down with the concurrent use of an antioxidant and an alkanediol. Example D.2: Evaluation of the odor of samples 1 to 12 from example D.1 A sensory evaluation of the samples from example D.1 was performed after the Oxipres treatment with 12 untrained panelists. The panelists evaluated the rancid odor of each sample on a scale of 1 to 5 (5 = strong rancid odor; 1 = no rancid odor). Test samples: Sample 1: Sunflower oil without additives Sample 2: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample 3: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol and 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 4: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% and 0.5% tocopherol from a 95% alkanediol mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol* Sample 5: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 6: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 7: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol Sample 8: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol and 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol Sample 9: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% 1,2-decanediol Sample 10: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol and 0.1% 1,2-decanediol Sample 11: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 12: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol and 0.5% 2,3-octanediol * according to the invention The results of the sensory evaluation of samples 1 to 12 are summarized in Table 46. Table 48: Sensory evaluation results The values ​​in Table 48 clearly show that sample 3 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol), sample 4 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% of an alkanediol mixture of 95% 1,2-heptanediol and 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol), sample 8 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol), sample 10 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.1% 1,2-decanediol), and sample 12 (sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.2% 2,3-octanediol) 5%), that is, the samples containing an antioxidant along with 1,2-heptanediol and / or 2,3-heptanediol have a better smell, that is, the samples showed less rancid smell than the comparative examples.Comparative sample 1 (sunflower oil without antioxidant or alkanediol), comparative sample 2 (sunflower oil with tocopherol) and comparative samples 5 and 6 (sunflower oil with alkanediol without tocopherol) had a stronger rancid smell. As the above tests demonstrate, oxidative degradation can be reduced or minimized with an antioxidant (tocopherol) and can be further reduced, i.e., strengthened, by adding an antioxidant along with an alkanediol. A remarkable effectiveness in enhancing antioxidant activity (prolonged induction time, less rancidity and reduced acidity index) has been demonstrated for 1,2-heptanediol, 1,2-nonanediol, 1,2-decanediol and 2,3-octanediol. The above results allow us to conclude that the samples comprising an antioxidant together with an alkanediol have an antioxidant effect that is clearly above that provided with an antioxidant alone. Example D.3: Antioxidant potential in ex vivo skin biopsies (lipophilic or aqueous / alcoholic (ethanolic) test samples) A dichlorofluorescein (DCF) assay was performed to determine the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ex vivo skin treated with different test samples in a lipophilic or aqueous / alcoholic system, as described below. DCF assay - assay principle: Ex vivo skin was incubated with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate at 37 °C, 5% CO2. After washing with PBS, the samples were either exposed or not exposed to cumene hydroperoxide. Immediately after exposure, ex vivo skin samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen, and 5 µm cryostatic sections were prepared and fixed with acetone to allow visualization of the fluorescence generated by ROS in the cells of the reconstructed skin. The resulting fluorescence was measured at 504 / 524 nm EX / EM. Green fluorescence in the ex vivo skin was quantified using ImageJ software. The depth of immunostaining was measured as follows: cells positive for green DCFH-DE were automatically detected using Histolab software, and the distance between the dermoepidermal junction and the deepest positive cells was measured in each condition. Means were compared using a Student's t-test. Two means were considered statistically different when p < 0.005. Image acquisition was performed using an Olympus BX51 microscope and an Olympus DP70 camera. Two skin sections were taken from each skin sample, and the corresponding fluorescence images were acquired and analyzed. Therefore, for each test condition, 12 images (i.e., 12 data points) were acquired and analyzed. Fluorescence analysis was performed within the dermis. In each image, the upper dermis was analyzed by evaluating fluorescence using a modified Image-J application (NIH, USA). The analyzed area was selected from the upper part, following the perimeter of the basal lamina, into the deep dermis, carefully avoiding the inclusion of irregularities and clusters, such as blood vessels, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles. The resulting value was normalized according to the size of the selected area.In addition, an AOX mixture is always tested concurrently as a positive control, i.e., as a reference for the ROS analysis. The AOX mixture is a blend of the following antioxidants: 15% vitamin C, 1% vitamin E, and 0.5% ferulic acid in a 50:50 EtOH / H2O mixture. Description of the ROS scoring method: The pigmentation scoring is based on the following process steps: (1) Image analysis based on pixel gray intensities; (2) Selection of an informative area excluding the uncovered pixel area from the fabric; (3) Transformation of pixel gray intensities into degrees of L*; (4) Normalization of the values ​​obtained in the ratio between the selected area and the area of ​​the slide. A higher level of ROS (reactive oxygen species) led to an increase in the amount of fluorescence. The chemical principle of the dichlorofluorescein (DCF) assay is described below: The chemical equation illustrates the conversion of 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) by esterases in the intracellular medium and its subsequent two-step oxidation in the presence of radical species (mainly ROS). Example D.3.1: DCF assay in biopsy antioxidant test: 1,2-alkanediols or 2,3-alkanediols plus / minus tocopherol for lipophilic test samples The dichlorofluorescein (DCF) test, as described above, was performed with different test samples in a lipophilic test system, as described below: Test samples: (not in accordance with the invention) Sample A: Vehicle: sunflower oil without additives Sample B: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample C: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.3% 1,2-pentanediol Sample D: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.3% 1,2-hexanediol Sample E: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.3% 1,2-heptanediol Sample F: Sunflower oil plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.3% 2,3-heptanediol Sample K: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-pentanediol Sample L: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-hexanediol Sample M: ​​Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample O: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample P: Sunflower oil plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol The ROS scores of the samples specified above are summarized in Table 49. Table 49: ROS scoring results Table 49: ROS scoring results cont. The ROS score results from Table 49 are visualized in Figures 6a and 6b. The results in Table 49 and Figures 6a and 6b clearly demonstrate that the addition of 1,2-alkanediols and / or 2,3-alkanediols to a sample (C, D, E, or F) containing sunflower oil plus an antioxidant (tocopherol) results in a reduction of more than 60% in ROS scores compared to a sunflower oil sample containing only tocopherol and without the addition of a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol. Samples K, L, M, O, and P, containing only a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol without an antioxidant, have no antioxidant efficacy. From the above, it can be concluded that adding a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol to a composition comprising an antioxidant results in a considerable reduction in ROS scores. In other words, combining an antioxidant with a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol demonstrates improved ROS scavenging efficiency. Example D.3.2: DCF assay in biopsy antioxidant test: 1,2-alkanediols or 2,3-alkanediols plus / minus tocopherol for aqueous / alcoholic test samples The dichlorofluorescein (DCF) test, as described above, was performed with different test samples in an aqueous / alcoholic (ethanolic) test system, as described below: Test samples: Sample 1: Vehicle (EtOH / H2O) Sample 2: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol Sample 3: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 4: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 5: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus alkanediol mixture (0.5% 1,2-heptanediol and 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol) * Sample 6: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-octanediol Sample 7: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 8: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus alkanediol mixture (0.5% 1,2-octanediol and 0.5% 2,3-octanediol) * Sample 10: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol Sample 11: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 1,2-undecanediol Sample 12: Vehicle plus 0.1% tocopherol plus 0.5% 2,3-undecanediol Sample 13: Vehicle plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 14: Vehicle plus 2,3-heptanediol at 0.5% Sample 15: Vehicle plus 0.5% 1,2-octanediol Sample 16: Vehicle plus 0.5% 2,3-octanediol Sample 17: Vehicle plus 0.5% 1,2-nonanediol Sample 18: Vehicle plus 0.5% 1,2-undecanediol Sample 19: Vehicle plus 0.5% 2,3-undecanediol * according to the invention The ROS scores are summarized in Table 50. Table 50: ROS scoring results Table 50: ROS scoring results cont. The ROS score results from Table 50 are displayed in Figures 7a and 7b. The results in Table 50 and Figures 7a and 7b clearly demonstrate that the addition of 1,2-alkanediols and / or 2,3-alkanediols to a sample containing an aqueous alcoholic vehicle plus an antioxidant (tocopherol) leads to a reduction of more than 80% in ROS scores compared to an aqueous / alcoholic vehicle sample containing only tocopherol and without the addition of a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol. Samples containing only the vehicle and a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol have no antioxidant efficacy. From the above, it can be concluded that the addition of a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol to a composition comprising an antioxidant results in a considerable reduction of ROS scores. In other words, the combination of an antioxidant with a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol demonstrates an improvement in ROS scavenging efficiency. Example D.3.3: DCF assay in biopsy antioxidant test: 1,2-alkanediols or 2,3-alkanediols plus / minus Dihydroavenanthramide D for aqueous / alcoholic test samples The dichlorofluorescein (DCF) test, as described above, was performed with different test samples in an aqueous / alcoholic (ethanolic) test system, as described below: Test samples: Sample 1: Vehicle (EtOH / H2O) Sample 2: Vehicle plus 50 ppm of dihydroavenanthramide D Sample 3: Vehicle plus 50 ppm of dihydroavenanthramide D plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 4: Vehicle plus 50 ppm of dihydroavenanthramide D plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 5: Vehicle plus 50 ppm of dihydroavenanthramide D plus 0.5% alkanediol mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (95:5 ratio) [according to the invention]. The ROS scores are summarized in Table 50. Table 51: ROS scoring results The ROS score results from Table 51 are displayed in Figure 24. The results in Table 51 and Figure 24 clearly demonstrate that the addition of 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol, or an alkanediol mixture including 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol, to a sample containing an aqueous alcoholic vehicle plus an antioxidant (Dihydroavenanthramide D) leads to a reduction of more than 60% in ROS scores compared to an aqueous / alcoholic vehicle sample containing only Dihydroavenanthramide and without the addition of 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol. Samples containing only the vehicle and either 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol have no antioxidant efficacy. From the above, it can be concluded that the addition of a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol to a composition comprising an antioxidant results in a considerable reduction of ROS scores. In other words, the combination of an antioxidant with a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol demonstrates an improvement in ROS scavenging efficiency. Example D.3.4: DCF assay in biopsy antioxidant test: 1,2-alkanediols or 2,3-alkanediols plus / minus cannabidiol for aqueous / alcoholic test samples The dichlorofluorescein (DCF) test, as described above, was performed with different test samples in an aqueous / alcoholic (ethanolic) test system, as described below: Test samples: Sample 1: Vehicle (EtOH / H2O) Sample 2: Vehicle plus 5 ppm of cannabidiol Sample 3: Vehicle plus 5 ppm of cannabidiol plus 0.5% 1,2-heptanediol Sample 4 Vehicle plus 5 ppm of cannabidiol plus 0.5% 2,3-heptanediol Sample 5: Vehicle plus 5 ppm of cannabidiol plus 0.5% alkandiol mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol (95:5 ratio) [according to the invention]. The ROS scores are summarized in Table 52. Table 52: ROS scoring results The ROS score results from Table 52 are displayed in Figure 25. The results in Table 52 and Figure 25 clearly demonstrate that the addition of 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol or an alkanediol mixture including 1,2-heptanediol and / or 2,3-heptanediol to a sample including an aqueous alcoholic vehicle plus an antioxidant (Cannabidiol) reduces ROS scores by more than 70% compared to a sample of an aqueous / alcoholic vehicle with an antioxidant (Cannabidiol). 3-heptanediol to a sample including an aqueous alcoholic vehicle plus an antioxidant (Cannabidiol) leads to a reduction of more than 70% in ROS scores compared to a sample of an aqueous / alcoholic vehicle with only Cannabidiol and without the addition of 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol. Samples that include only the vehicle and 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol do not have antioxidant efficacy. From the above, it can be concluded that the addition of a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol to a composition comprising an antioxidant results in a considerable reduction of ROS scores. In other words, the combination of an antioxidant with a 1,2-alkanediol and / or a 2,3-alkanediol demonstrates an improvement in ROS scavenging efficiency. E) Improvement of the sensory properties of topical formulations containing liquid lipophilic components To evaluate sensory behavior, the liquid lipophilic components specified in the table below were mixed with 1,2-heptanediol or 2,3-heptanediol or a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol or 1,2-octanediol or 2,3-octanediol or a mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol (formulation) in an 85:15 ratio and evaluated by untrained panelists compared to the liquid lipophilic component without the addition of the specified alkanediols (placebo). The test procedure was carried out as follows: To evaluate the sensory behavior of 1,2-alkanediols and / or 2,3-alkanediols in combination with different liquid lipophilic components, the oily components specified in the following table were mixed with a 1,2-alkanediol or a 2,3-alkanediol, or with a mixture including a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2,3-alkanediol, in the proportions indicated in Table 53, and were evaluated by a group of untrained tasters compared to the liquid lipophilic component without the addition of 1,2-alkanediol or 2,3-alkanediol or the mixture including a 1,2-alkanediol and a 2,3-alkanediol (placebo). Testing procedure: • The hands were previously washed with liquid soap following an established procedure; 30 µl of the corresponding sample was applied to the back of each hand (randomly); After 30 seconds, the spreadability of each formulation on the skin was evaluated in comparison with the corresponding oily component without 1,2-heptanediol, on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = low spread; 5 = high spread); The samples were distributed using the tips of the middle and index fingers in 2 series of 5 cycles; After 2 minutes, the oily / greasy skin sensation was assessed on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = low oily / greasy skin sensation; 5 = very oily / greasy skin sensation); In addition, applicants were asked to rate absorption, i.e., the impression of the amount of residue left on the skin on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = low absorption; 5 = high absorption). Table 53: It was discovered that the use of 2,3-heptanediol or a mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol or 2,3-octanediol or a mixture of 1,2-octanediol and 2,3-octanediol improves spreadability and / or significantly reduces the greasy / oily feel on the skin of the oily ingredients. In parallel, absorption was also improved (less residue was left). In particular, lipophilic liquid components, which are inherently poor dispersors and whose initial diffusion score (i.e., without the addition of an alkanediol component) was <2, showed a marked improvement in spreading for both the single alkanediol compound analyzed and the alkanediol mixture analyzed. A mixture of 1,2-heptanediol and 2,3-heptanediol yielded the best results. F) Examples of formulation The following formulation examples refer to the following applications: • Spray deodorant • Spray deodorant with AcH • Roll-on deodorant • Cool Relief Deo Plus • Sport Fit Deodorant • Roll-on antiperspirant / deodorant • Deodorant formula in roll-on gel form • Transparent roll-on antiperspirant deodorant • Aerosol deodorant • Deodorant stick • Antiperspirant stick • Sensi-Gel intimate • Gentle feminine wash • Mosquito and tick repellent spray • Insect Repellent Spray, aqueous / ethanolic • Insect repellent solution for wipes • Sunscreen antiperspirant lotion with repellent • Cologne / Perfume Water • Syndet antimicrobial soap bar • Syndet soap bar • Ice Crystal Soap • Antimicrobial toilet soap bar The perfumed oils PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, or PO5 in the following examples were prepared separately in each case in the formulations presented. Table 54: Composition of perfumed oil 1 PO1 quantities in .a.) Table 55: Composition of perfumed oil 2 PO2 quantities in pa) Table 56: Composition of perfumed oil 3 PO3 quantities in .a.) Table 57: m ii nli rf m 4 P 4 ni in pa) Table 58: Composition of perfumed oil 5 PO5 (amounts in pa) Cosmetic formulations (compositions): Amounts are indicated as % by weight for all formulations. Table 59: Deodorant in spray bottle Table 60: Deodorant in S ra with AcH Table 61: Roll-on deodorant Table 62: Cool Relief Deo Plus Table 63: S ort Fit Deodorant Table 64: Roll-on antiperspirant / deodorant Table 65: Deodorant formulation in roll-on form Table 66: Transparent antiperspirant deodorant in roll-on Table 67: Aerosol Deodorant Table 68: Deodorant stick not according to the invention Table 69: Antitrans irant stick T l 7: ni- l ínim nrnl inv ni n Table 71: Gentle feminine wash Table 72: Re elente de mosuitos arraatas en ulverizador Table 73: Aqueous / Ethanolic Insect Repellent Sprayer Table 74: Insect repellent solution for wipes Table 75: Antiperspirant sunscreen lotion with repellent Table 76: Eau de Parfum / Eau de Cologne T l 77: Pill n nimir inn T l 7 : Pill nn T l 7 : P ill nr nimir innrnl inv ni n Table 80: Ice Crystal Soap Table 81: Water-based air freshener according to the invention Table 82: Multipurpose cleaner not in accordance with the invention Table 83: Multipurpose cleaner Table 84: Alkaline APC (not according to the invention) No. Ingredients Quantity Table 85: Liquid citric acid cleaner not according to the invention Table 86: Liquid citric acid cleaner Table 87: Light-use liquid detergent Table 88: Light-use liquid detergent T l : Lí ilvv ill mnlnrnl invni n T l : viz ninrnl inv ni n Table 91: Concentrated encapsulated textile softener not used in the invention Table 92: Concentrated encapsulated textile softener Table 93: Liquid hand soap not according to the invention Table 94: Tire locking gel not in accordance with the invention Table 95: Perfumed lotion with capsules not in accordance with the invention Table 96: Liquid lactic acid cleaner not according to the invention Table 97: Liquid citric acid cleaner not according to the invention

Claims

1. A composition comprising: (a) at least one linear 1,2-alkanediol; and (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol; wherein i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol; or wherein i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, comprising or consisting of: (a) at least one 1,(a) a linear 2-alkanediol; and (b) at least one linear 2,3-alkanediol; wherein i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is 2,3-heptanediol, or ii. component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is 2,3-octanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is 2,3-nonanediol; or wherein i. component (a) is 1,2-heptanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-octanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or ii. Component (a) is 1,2-octanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-nonanediol, or iii. component (a) is 1,2-nonanediol and component (b) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-heptanediol and 2,3-octanediol.

3. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising component (a) and component (b) in an amount of 0.001 to 15.0% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10.0% by weight,based on the total weight of the composition.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: (c) at least one or more insect repellent compound(s), in particular, an insect repellent compound selected from the group consisting of 1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine, N,N-diethyl-metatoluamide, p-menthane-3,8-diol, ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate, 2-undecanone, and essential oils such as citronella oil, lemongrass oil, lavender oil, neem oil and eucalyptus oil, and particularly p-menthane-3,8-diol, as well as essential oils such as citronella oil, lemongrass oil, lavender oil, neem oil and eucalyptus oil.

5. The composition according to claim 4, comprising component (c) in an amount of 0.1 to 50.0% by weight, in particular in an amount of 0.5 to 45.0% by weight,more particularly in an amount of 1.0 to 40% by weight, and most particularly in an amount of 2.0 to 25.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: (d) at least one cosmetic or pharmaceutically active substance and / or additive, wherein at least one cosmetic or pharmaceutically active substance and / or additive is selected from the group consisting of antimicrobial compounds, cooling agents, skin-aging agents, antioxidants, chelating agents, emulsifiers, preservatives, ecological and synthetic polymers, rheological additives, oils, fragrances or perfume oils, organic solvents and mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned substances, wherein the antimicrobial compounds are selected from the group consisting of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and its salts and esters, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea,2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (triclosan), 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylene-bis(6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, chlorhexidine, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), antibacterial fragrances, thymol, thyme oil, eugenol, clove essential oil, menthol, peppermint oil, farnesol, phenoxyethanol, glyceryl monocaprate, glyceryl monocaprylate, glyceryl monolaurate (MLG), monocaprate of diglycerol (MCD), salicylic acid N-alkylamides, N-octylsalicylamide, N-decylsalicylamide, and any mixture thereof.

7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 or 3 to 6, wherein the composition is a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition.

8. Non-therapeutic use of the composition, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, for improving organoleptic properties, i.e.,The sensation on the skin of a liquid lipophilic component, for sebum control, for odor control, for modulating fragrance notes, for modifying fragrance notes, for suppressing fragrance notes, or for topical applications, to cover the bad smell of 1-octen-3-ol, or to mask insect-attracting odors.

9. A cosmetic product comprising a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the product is selected from the group consisting of a deodorant and / or an antiperspirant, an aerosol deodorant, a spray deodorant, a stick deodorant, a roll-on deodorant, a deodorant cream, deodorant wipes, deodorant crystals, Pickering emulsions, hydrodispersion gels, skin balms, shampoo, shower gel, bath foam, micellar water, facial cleansing solutions, cleansing wipes, intimate spray, intimate cream, intimate wash lotion, intimate wipes,foot spray, foot mist, foot bath, foot balm, soap, liquid wash product, shower and bath preparation, bath product, bath capsule, bath oil, bath bar, bath salt, bath soap, effervescent preparation, concentrated mouthwash, ready-to-use mouthwash, repellent, insect repellent application, in particular insect repellent lotion, spray, solution or cream, mosquito repellent, human odor masking application, perfume composition and toothpaste.

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