Window or balcony

Abstract

A window (2) or French door with a ventilation device (3) has a ventilation duct (14) for fresh air, which is directed through a space (13) between the sash (12) and the frame (9). In addition, the window (2) has a ventilation duct (15) for exhaust air, which is directed through a gap (10) in the frame (9). At least one heat exchanger (29) between the two ventilation ducts (14, 15) allows the heat from the exhaust air to be used to heat the fresh air.

Description

Window or balcony The invention relates to a window or balcony door with a sash that moves against a frame, where the sash can be moved between a slotted ventilation position, in which the sash is separated from the window frame by a slot, and a closed position, in which the sash is within the window frame. It also includes a locking device for securing the sash in the position relative to the frame, a ventilation device, a fresh air intake duct, an exhaust air duct, and a heat exchanger for heat exchange between the exhaust air and the fresh air. A window with an exhaust air duct and a fresh air duct is known, for example, from document DE 83 37 249 U1. The exhaust air duct and the fresh air duct share a common wall made of a good thermally conductive material.The inlet and outlet openings are located in the window frame and a sash frame. The window frame and sash frame are designed as hollow chambers. The drawback of this window is that the channels are very long and have a small cross-section due to design considerations. This configuration requires high airflow velocities, resulting in very high energy consumption and annoying noise. Furthermore, a ventilation system with a ventilation unit located in the sill area below the window is known from document DE 3942017 A1. This unit has a section for exhaust air and for supplying outside air. An exhaust air inlet extends essentially across the entire width of the window. However, sufficient ventilation results in a large ventilation system in the sill area, yet it still achieves a high airflow velocity. EP 1580374 A2 discloses a window in which a sash can be locked in both the slotted ventilation position and the closed position within the window frame. In this slotted ventilation position, a space enclosed by the window can be ventilated. The slot created by this position between the sash and the window frame can have a large cross-section, thus allowing for good ventilation. However, it is not possible to recover residual heat with the slot open. Furthermore, AT 512198 A1 discloses a window with a movable sash, which describes a ventilation device for venting or evacuating air, including a heat exchanger. The invention is based on the objective of configuring a window or balcony of the type mentioned above, in such a way as to allow the use of residual heat from a space separated by the window or balcony and avoid a high flow velocity. This problem is solved according to the invention because the ventilation channels are guided at least partially by the groove formed in the slot ventilation position between the sash and the window frame, and because a sealing element is designed to release one of the ventilation channels in the slot ventilation position and to close the ventilation channel in the closed position. This configuration utilizes the gap created in the slot ventilation position between the window sash and frame for space ventilation. Since this gap can have a large cross-section, the airflow velocity is minimized. Consequently, the window or balcony door is configured in a particularly compact manner. Furthermore, the large cross-section of the gap allows for a large contact surface area for the heat exchanger, thus ensuring efficient use of waste heat. According to another advantageous refinement of the invention, the heat exchanger can be particularly large if it is arranged in an edge surrounding a window frame. This allows for high heat recovery through the heat exchanger. Such an edge could be the masonry surrounding a door frame or a frame housing a window frame. According to another improvement of the invention, the ventilation channels can be arranged in such a way as to save a lot of space in the window or balcony door, when the sealing element is arranged between the edge and the sash and when a ventilation channel in the sash slot ventilation position is guided in front of the sash and the sealing element at the level of the window frame. According to another advantageous improvement of the invention, the sealing element is configured in a particularly simple manner from a construction standpoint, when it comprises a base and an elastic skirt separate from the base. The skirt allows for controlled release of a ventilation channel. According to another advantageous refinement of the invention, costly control of the sealing element's movements can be avoided when the base is fixed to one of the sash or frame components and the elastic skirt is pre-tensioned against the opposite frame or sash component. Thanks to this configuration, the ventilation channel is controlled by the elasticity of the sealing element and the sash's movement. When the window is fully opened, for example, by moving the sash to a known pivoting opening position, the skirt moves away from the component against which it is pre-tensioned. This prevents the window from being obstructed by the sealing element. A particularly large cross-section of the ventilation channel controlled by the sealing element can be generated, according to another advantageous refinement of the invention, when the sealing element is configured so that it extends around the leaf. In another advantageous refinement of the invention, the sealing element provides reliable sealing when an elastic skirt has a thickening at its free ends. Preferably, the thickening is tensioned in the closed position between the frame and the sash, so that the window or balcony door is particularly reliably sealed in the closed position. The heat exchanger could be configured, for example, as a recuperator. However, according to another advantageous refinement of the invention, the heat exchanger is configured in a particularly economical way and can be modularly adapted to any size of the sheet and frame, if the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, in which the flows of both ventilation channels are separated by thermally conductive plates. According to another advantageous refinement of the invention, an internal load due to fine particles from the outside air can be easily avoided if an air filter is installed in the fresh air ventilation duct. This air filter is used in the ventilation duct leading to the interior space. In another advantageous refinement of the invention, fresh air can be directed particularly quickly into an interior space if a fan is arranged in at least one of the ventilation channels. Preferably, fans are arranged in both ventilation channels so that the exchanged air is directed through the heat exchanger, thereby optimizing heat exchange. According to another advantageous refinement of the invention, the window or French door can contribute to space heating if a fresh air heating system is installed in the ventilation duct. The heating system is mounted within the ventilation duct, which is directed into the interior space. This configuration combines ventilation with heating, resulting in a particularly high level of comfort. Furthermore, thanks to the invention, the heating system can be configured with a very large surface area extending around the sash, allowing for a particularly low temperature at the heating surface. This contributes to energy savings in space heating.Particularly efficient heating or cooling of fresh air can be achieved, according to another advantageous refinement of the invention, when the heating system is designed as a heat pump and when each of the ventilation ducts has a heat exchanger, and when the heat exchangers are part of the heat pump designed as a heating system. By connecting it accordingly, the heat pump can also be used as an air conditioner and can also cool fresh air, if required. According to another advantageous refinement of the invention, particularly comfortable ventilation of a space can be achieved if an actuator is designed to move the sash between the closed and ventilation positions. In this respect, the actuator can be arranged on the sash or, preferably, on the frame. Preferably, the actuator, or an additional actuator, controls a fitting for locking and unlocking the sash in the frame. According to another advantageous refinement of the invention, ventilation of the space enclosed by the window or balcony door can be easily controlled when a control unit is connected to at least one of the actuator components of the at least one fan and the heating system. A control panel for the control unit can be located directly next to the window or balcony door or connected to a smartphone. Furthermore, such a control system can be connected to a smart home and managed with additional data, such as weather information or an alarm system. The circulation of exhaust and fresh air between the ventilation channels can be prevented, according to another advantageous refinement of the invention, if the air inlets of the ventilation channels are located farther from the leaf than the air outlets. Thanks to this configuration, the exhaust air is distributed away from the leaf, thus preventing unwanted direct suction of the exhaust air. Furthermore, the incoming fresh air reaches close to the leaf within the space, preventing the formation of mold. Further reduction of potential mold growth occurs in another advantageous improvement of the invention when the fresh air ventilation outlet is located on the inside of the window. This allows the fresh air outlet to be positioned at the edge of the window frame. Since mold often forms at this point, this location is particularly well ventilated due to the outlet's placement. The invention allows for numerous embodiments. To better illustrate its basic principle, several of these are shown in the drawing and described below. Thus, the figures show in Fig. 1 shows a view of a house wall with several windows, Fig. 2 is a window of Figure 1 in an enlarged representation, Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional representation through a partial section of the window of Figure 2 along line III-III in a slotted ventilation position, Fig. 4 shows a partial section of the window in Figure 3 in a closed position. Fig. 5 shows a window heat exchanger with a heating system. Fig. 6 shows another way of implementing window heat exchangers with a heat pump. Figure 1 shows a wall 1 of a house with several windows 2. Each window 2 has a ventilation device 3 and is connected to a control unit 4. The control unit 4 is also connected to a control panel 5 and a transmitter / receiver unit 6. The control unit 4 can control the ventilation devices 3 and actuators 7 shown in Figure 2, in order to control the window 2 locking devices 8 shown schematically. Control can be implemented, as in the case of an online smart home, via the transmitter / receiver unit 6 or via the control panel 5. Figure 2 shows one of the windows 2 of Figure 1 in an enlarged perspective view. The window 2 has a frame 9 with a window frame 11 fixed to an edge 10 designed as a truss and a sash 12 that can be moved against the window frame 11. The sash 12 is in a slotted ventilation position away from the window frame 11, where the sash 12 is set back one slot 13 from the window frame 11, and the space separated from the window 2 is ventilated. The slot 13 of the sash 2 is circular in the depicted embodiment. In another, unshown embodiment, the slot 2 can also be wedge-shaped, because the sash 12 is slightly hinged against the window frame 11. The ventilation device 3 has a ventilation channel 14 for fresh air and a ventilation channel 15 for exhaust air.On the inner surface 16 of the window, an air outlet 17 is provided for the ventilation channel 14, supplying fresh air. On the front side of the edge 10, the ventilation channel 15 has an air inlet 16 for exhaust air. For clarity, the possible airflow paths are indicated with arrows. The air outlet 17 and the air inlet 16 are shown as round openings in the example embodiment. In an unillustrated embodiment, the air outlet 17 and the air inlet 18 may also be designed as a slot, encircling the frame 9 around the sash 12 along its entire length, thereby maintaining a low airflow velocity. Figure 2 schematically shows the locking device 8. The locking device 8 is designed as a conventional connecting rod fitting, where the leaf 12, in the slotted ventilation position shown, is locked to the frame 9 due to the corresponding configuration of the strike plates. The actuator 7 is designed as an electric motor to operate the locking device 8. Figure 3 shows an enlarged cross-sectional representation of the partial section of window 2 featuring the ventilation device 3. The exhaust air duct 15 is guided essentially from the air inlet 18 along the edge to an air outlet 19, while the fresh air duct 14 is guided from an air inlet 20 formed by the slot 13 between the sash 12 and the frame 9 in the ventilation device 3, and from there to the fresh air outlet 17. A heat exchanger 21 is arranged in the ventilation device 3 between the exhaust air duct 15 and the fresh air duct 14. To guide fresh air through slot 13, the ventilation device 3 features a sealing element 22 with a base 23 fixed to the frame 9. An elastic skirt 24 projects from the base 23 and is supported by a thickening 25 against the leaf 12. Fresh air is directed in this skirt 24 towards the device 21 through an opening 26 for heat exchange. The thickening 25 is pre-tensioned against the leaf 12 due to the elasticity of the skirt 24. If leaf 12 is pressed against frame 9 from the position shown in Figure 3, the sealing element 22 and other sealing devices 27, 28 cause leaf 12 to become airtight within the frame 9. This marks the closed position shown in Figure 4. In this closed position, no exchange occurs through the fresh air vent 14. The exhaust air vent 15 is closed by means of retaining flaps (not shown) or active valves (not shown). Figure 5 schematically shows a cross-section of the device 21 for heat exchange between the fresh air intake duct 14 and the exhaust air intake duct 15. The device 21 includes a heat exchanger 29 designed as a plate heat exchanger with thermally conductive plates 30, which separate the two intake ducts 14 and 15. Fans 31 and 32 are arranged in both intake ducts 14 and 15. The fresh air intake duct 14 also includes a heating system 33 and an air filter 34 with pre-filtration and fine filtration. The exhaust air intake duct 15 also features a primary air filter 35. Figure 6 schematically shows a cross-section of another embodiment of a device 121 for heat exchange between a fresh air intake duct 114 and an exhaust air intake duct 115. This embodiment differs from that of Figure 5 in that a heating system 133 is designed as a heat pump. Both intake ducts 114 and 115 each have a heat pump heat exchanger 129 and 129', and each has a fan 131 and 132. Between the heat exchangers 129 and 129' are a compressor 136, shown schematically for refrigerant, and a butterfly valve 137. The heat exchangers 129 and 129' of the intake ducts 114 and 115 exchange heat with the heat pump refrigerant.

Claims

1. A window (1) or balcony door with a sash (12) that can be moved against a frame (9) having a window frame (11), wherein the sash (12) can be moved between a slotted ventilation position, in which the sash (12) is separated by a slot (13) from a window frame (11), and a closed position, in which the sash (12) is within the window frame (11), and with a locking device (8) for locking the position of the sash (12) with the frame (9), with a ventilation device (3), having a fresh air ventilation channel (14, 114) and an exhaust air ventilation channel (15, 115), and a heat exchanger (29, 129, 129') for exchanging heat between the exhaust air and the fresh air, characterized in that the channels (14, 114, 15,115) ventilation channels are guided at least partially through the slot (13) formed in the slot ventilation position between the window sash (12) and the window frame (11), and a sealing element (22) is designed to release one of the ventilation channels (14) in the slot ventilation position and to close the ventilation channel (14) in the closed position.

2. Window or balcony door according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (29, 129, 129') is arranged in an edge (10) of the frame (9) surrounding a window frame (11).

3. Window or balcony door according to claim 2, characterized in that the sealing element (22) is arranged between the edge (10) and the sash (12), and in that, in the slot ventilation position of the sash (12),A ventilation channel (14) is guided in front of the sash (12) and the sealing element (22) is at the level of the window frame (11).

4. A window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sealing element (22) has a base (23) and an elastic skirt (24) projecting from the base (23).

5. A window or balcony door according to claim 4, characterized in that the base (23) is fixed to one of the components of the sash (12) or the frame (9) and the elastic skirt (24) is pre-tensioned against the opposite component of the frame (9) or the sash (12).

6. A window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sealing element (22) is configured surrounding the sash (12).

7. Window or balcony according to at least one of claims 4 to 6,characterized in that the elastic skirt (24) has a thickening (25) at its free end.

8. Window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heat exchanger (29) is a plate heat exchanger, in which the flows of both ventilation channels (14, 15) are separated by the heat-conducting plates (30).

9. Window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an air filter (34) for fresh air is arranged in the ventilation channel (14, 114).

10. Window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a fan (31, 32) is arranged in at least one of the ventilation channels (14, 114, 15, 115).

11. Window or balcony according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a heating system (33, 114) is arranged in the ventilation channel (14, 114).133) for fresh air.

12. Window or balcony door according to claim 11, characterized in that the heating system (133) is designed as a heat pump and in that each of the ventilation channels (114, 115) has a heat exchanger (129, 129') and in that the heat exchangers (129, 129') are part of the heat pump designed as a heating system (133).

13. Window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that an actuator (7) is designed to move the sash (12) between the closed position and the ventilation position.

14. A window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a control unit (4) is connected to at least one of the components of the actuator (7), the at least one fan (31, 32, 131, 132), and the heating system (33, 133).

15. A window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 14.characterized in that the air inlets (18, 20) of the ventilation channels (14, 15, 114, 115) are further from the sash (12) than the air outlets (17, 19).

16. Window or balcony door according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the air outlet (17) of the ventilation channel (14, 114) for fresh air is arranged on the inner surface (16) of a window.

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