QUICK NUT

Abstract

According to the invention, the nut has two articulated half-jaws 1a, 1b, joined by a locking sleeve immobilized on the bodies 4 and 5 of the half-jaws in order to pivot them from a free position to a permanent screwing position, this position being ensured by the pressure of two springs 18. Applications: quick assembly and disassembly of nut fasteners.

Description

SCROURAPIDE In the main patent application filed under number 88 16304, a quick nut comprising two jaws whose edges can be spread apart or come together contact, so as to allow in the first case the free passage of a threaded rod and, In the second case, the female net comes into contact with the male net, an external constraint to the two jaws ensuring the locking of the nut in the closed position. However, for reasons that we will explain below, it is necessary to consider that the The device in question is modifiable. Indeed, this nut, intended in particular for use in construction to tighten the Formwork used for pouring concrete risks becoming contaminated by residual splashes. of concrete, these stains would then hinder the mobility of the restraint and thus the opening and the closing the jaws of the nut, which is why it was deemed advisable to immobilize the permanently locking the yoke or socket. We must also consider that with the nut of the main patent, the jaws, due to their supporting face would be more massive, therefore heavier, and consequently more expensive. returns higher. Finally, this nut in the main patent is not in permanent contact with the screw thread. The quick-release nut, depending on its modifications, is characterized by the fact that it consists of two half-jaws comprising a body and a semi-circular hollow shaft with a cross-section smaller than the body, the end of the hollow body opposite the head having a thread inteme. The two edges of the two jaw halves on the threaded side, the latter surrounded by a The locking sockets are kept in constant contact by the action of two springs, which keeps the nut's jaws in permanent contact with the screw. The Free passage of the nut onto the screw is only possible if pressure is applied to the head of both half-jaws, located at the back of each of them, which has the effect of making them to fall over. In another feature, the two jaw halves pivot reciprocally around a hinge that acts as the pivot point. The mechanism forming this pivot consists, for each jaw half, of a hemispherical groove on one edge and a hemispherical stud on the other. The two symmetrical jaw halves meet by overlapping and can pivot relative to each other. Two springs, partially embedded in the studs and partially in the edges of the jaw halves, hold them in a permanent screwing position. According to yet another feature, the locking sleeve is secured on one side by an external projection on each of the two jaw halves and on the other side by an elastic device, which can be a spring clip or any other protruding part acting as a stop. Thus secured, the sleeve maintains a tight fit by itself gripping the two jaw halves either in a permanent screwing position on the thread or in a free position for quickly moving the nut. This sleeve also serves as a drive for tightening the nut. The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to particular embodiments given by way of non-limiting examples and represented by the accompanying drawings below. Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a nut according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a nut mounted on a threaded rod in a free position Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the nut in Fig. 2. permanent screwing position. Fig. 4 is a view of a finned locking sleeve Fig. 5 is an axial section showing the nut in a free passage position on the screw. Fig. 6 is an axial cross-sectional view showing the nut in its permanent gripping position on the screw. Referring to Fig. 1, we see that the nut of the invention consists of two identical half-jaws a, lb, opposed in symmetry with respect to the axis of the screw V. Each of the two half-jaws la, lb, has on the outside of their body, from the rear face 12a, 12b, a head composed among other things of an inclined surface 3a, 3b, then of a surface 4a, 4b parallel to the axial plane of the two half-jaws, all followed by a projection Sa, 5b acting as a stop towards the front of the nut. The head, the two half-jaws joined together by their edges 6a. 6b, serving as a receptacle for a locking sleeve whose recess 8 is slightly larger than the head of the two half-jaws. The locking sleeve 2 slides until it comes fully against the edges of the projections 5a, 5b. Each of the two half-jaws la, lb has on its edges 6a, 6b, from the rear face 12a, 12b, an impression of a groove 21a, 21b extending on one side to the hemicylindrical grooves 9a, 9b and on the other side to the hemicylindrical nipples lOa, lob, the two grooves 21a, 21b, cut into each of the half-jaws, being located approximately in the middle of the thickness of the edges 6a, 6b. The semicylindrical nipples 10a, 10b themselves having a circular recess 22a, 22b located in the extension of the groove 21a, 21b, this recess serving as a receptacle for the body 20 of the springs 18. Returning to the grooves 9a, 9b and the studs 1 sua, lob, they have the effect of creating a pivot point for the two half-jaws la, lb when they are joined, opposite each other symmetrically with respect to the axis of the screw V. They can then pivot relative to each other, with the edges 6a and 6b in contact in the free position and the edges 7a, 7b in contact in the screwing position. The two half-jaws a, lb are successively traversed by a hollow half-rod It has, 11 b extended by a hollow half-rod having an impression of an internal thread 14a, 14b. Concerning the threaded end of the half-jaws, their external terminal shape having a demioenic part 13a, 13b, this shape can also have a surface with a spherical segment. Regarding the locking sleeve 2, its purpose is to hold the two half-jaws la, lb while allowing them to pivot inside the recess 8. The internal shape 8 of the locking sleeve 2 has three inclined planes 16, 16, 17, these three planes fitting with the planes 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b of the parts la, lb. Thus, when the nut is in the free position (fig. 5) or when it is in the position of permanent engagement on the screw (fig. 6), the locking sleeve 2 also serves as a drive for the nut of the invention. The external surface of the socket 2 shown in Fig. 1 is hexagonal in shape, it could be any other shape: with ears (fig. 4), square, circular, knurled. As will be described later, another method of tightening the nut is provided. Figure 2 shows, in the same embodiment as Fig. 1, the nut in the free-moving position on the threaded rod. This position is only possible if pressure is applied to the faces 3a, 3b of the jaw heads. The applied pressure is necessary to overcome, by reaction, the forces generated by the two arms 19 of the two springs 18 embedded in the edges 6a, 6b and in the points 22a, 22b of the studs 1 Oa, lob. With sufficient pressure, the jaw haa, 1b tilt relative to each other. Figure 3 shows the same nut in its permanent tightening position. The arms 19 of the springs 18 exert a constant pressure in the grooves 21a, 21b, which has the effect of separating the edges 6a and 6b; thus, via the hinge, the edges 7a and 7b are in contact. The nut, thus positioned on a threaded rod, constitutes a part of revolution. The front portion, with a conical terminal shape, or a spherical segment 13a, 13b, can bear against a conical or spherical recess 27 in a washer 26 or in any other type of bearing piece having a conical or spherical recess. The two jaw haa, lb are held captive at the front on the inner surface of the recesses 27 and, at the rear, by the locking sleeve 2. Significant tightening forces can then be applied. Figures 5 and 6 show, respectively, an axial cross-section of the nut in the free-moving position on the screw and in the permanently tightened position. The locking sleeve is shown immobilized on one side by the protruding shape 5a, 5b and on the other by the presence of a spring clip or other protruding retainer acting as a stop. It should be noted that the hinge formed by the lugs Iota, I Ob and the grooves 9a, 9b is located in the middle of the thickness of the sleeve 2. The nut's clamping faces can also be formed by the outer faces 25a, 25b of the jaw ha, lb, with the nut in the tightening position. The external shape is adapted to the dimensions of the tightening wrenches. The nut is quickly fitted onto a screw and brought against the part to be tightened, resulting in significant time savings. Thanks to its 18 springs, it is constantly tightened, and its design allows it to withstand considerable force. This nut offers numerous advantages. It can be manufactured for all types of screw and stud threads, and its design allows for rapid production in various forms: cast metals, forged metals, and injection-molded metals and plastics. Using the manufacturing methods described (though not exhaustive), the jaws can be produced in a single operation without re-drilling / tapping. The nut can be used for mixed assemblies, for example, a steel jaw with a plastic locking sleeve. It is suitable for markets where saving time is difficult due to limited industrial capacity, such as the construction industry.

Claims

DEMANDS 1 / A quick-release nut, according to claim 1 of French patent application filed under number 88 16304, characterized in that the locking sleeve or bushing 2 is held immobile in sliding motion outside the body of each of the half-jaws (1a, 1b), on one side by a stop 5a, 5b), and on the other by a stop device, whether added or not, acting as a stop. This bushing 2, immobilized straddling the face 3a, 3b and 4b, has a recess 8 with dimensions larger than those of the two heads of the two half-jaws, which are themselves held in a permanent screwing position by two springs 18. 2 / Nut according to claim 1 characterized in that the device, forming the hinge of the two half-jaws (la, lb) is composed, for each, respectively on one edge of a hemicylindrical groove (9a, 9b) and on the other edge of a hemicylindrical stud (10a 10b) having a circular recess (22a, 22b). 3 / Nut according to claim t or 2 characterized in that the elastic device comprises two springs 18 whose arms 19 are embedded in grooves (21 a, 2f b) cut into the edges (6a, 6b) and whose circular part 20 is embedded in a circular recess (22a, 22b) located in the hemicylindrical nipple (10a, lob). 4 / Nut according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the stop device rendering the locking sleeve immobile can be an elastic clamp (24) or any other type of protruding part. 51 Nut according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the outer body of each half-jaw (la, lb) presents successively from the head an inclined surface (3a, 3b) then a surface (4a, 4b) parallel to the axis of the screw. 6 / Nut according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the internal surface of the recess 8 of the locking sleeve comprises three zones (15, 16, 17). 7 / Nut according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the clamping surface of the nut is constituted by the external surface 26 of the locking sleeve 2. 8 / Nut according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the extreme surface (25a, 25b) of the two half-jaws, in screwing position, is of a shape adapted to the standardized dimensions of tightening keys. 9 / Nut according to any rune of the preceding claims characterized in that the two springs 18 fitting into the circular recesses (22a, 22b) located in the studs (lova, 10b) are made imperishable by their circular shape 20 when the half-jaws are assembled. 101 Nut according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the threaded end (14a, 14b) of each half-jaw comprises on the outside a conical terminal part (13a, 13b), or a spherical segment (13a, 13b).