Portable electronic device for accessing a space, associated system and processes

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable electronic access device (100) for a space, associated with a unique identifier. Such a portable electronic device essentially consists of a body (110), identifier storage means (120), presence signal transmission means (130), a self-contained power supply (140), and an electronic circuit (150) connecting the storage means, the transmission means, and the power supply. The presence signal, comprising the identifier, is transmitted to a terminal (160) of an access control system for said space. The invention also relates to a space access control system (200) and an associated control method (300). Figure 1 (for the abstract)

Description

Description Title of the invention: Portable electronic device for accessing a space, system and associated processes technical field

[0001] The field of the invention is that of ticketing.

[0002] = More specifically, the invention relates to a portable electronic device for accessing a space, system and associated processes.

[0003] — The invention finds particular applications in the field of public transport, particularly to control access to a vehicle, or even to control the presence of individuals on board the vehicle during, for example, a school bus route. Previous technique

[0004] To date, there are a number of techniques for validating titles of transport or to authorize access to spaces.

[0005] — These existing techniques are based on solutions relying on the one hand on a passive module, magnetic card type, NFC badge (acronym for the English term " Near Field Communication”) or a smartphone display, plus known by the term derived from the English "smartphone", in which is inscribed a information, usually an identifier, and on the other hand on va- terminals facilities such as ticketing terminals, access or check-in terminals, allowing the reading of information contained in the passive module.

[0006] The major drawback of these techniques is that they require a vo- action lontrative and manual access for users wishing to access the restricted area, consisting of affix the passive module they possess to one of the validation terminals.

[0007] — Furthermore, access to the restricted area generally requires numerous modifications improvements by equipping spaces with terminals, often fixed, and by channeling the flows individuals towards these validation terminals.

[0008] — Furthermore, validations are generally performed when accessing the space restricted, but very rarely at the exit, which makes it impossible to establish statistics precise information on the occupation or use of the restricted space, nor to establish plans load in the case of a transport network.

[0009] = In the case where the passive module is dematerialized in a smartphone, this does not provide There is no change in the validation method where the smartphone must be brought close to the user. of a validation terminal. However, the autonomy of this technique is limited by the battery life of the smartphone which rarely exceeds a few dozen hours. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

[0010] — The present invention aims to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the state of the technique mentioned above. One of the main objectives of the invention is to propose a ticketing technique whose validation is carried out automatically, without requiring any specific action from the user wishing to access the restricted area. Another objective of the invention is to offer a ticketing technique with a very high degree of autonomy, on the order of a year. Another important objective of the invention is to propose a ticketing technique using an open communication protocol, compatible with different types of terminals. Another objective of the invention is to offer a ticketing technique that is secure. Another objective of the invention is to provide a ticketing technique that can be used in any environment, regardless of the existence of a standard communications network such as GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) or Wi-Fi, or geolocation coverage such as GPS (Global Positioning System). Such an environment could be an underground area, a wetland, a desert, mountainous or forested area, the inside of a building, or a protected area such as a hospital. Another objective of the invention is to propose a ticketing technique that allows for the easy generation of dynamic statistics on occupancy rates, visitor numbers or load plans. Finally, one objective of the invention is to offer a ticketing technique that is simple to implement. Description of the invention These objectives, as well as others that will appear later, are achieved using a portable electronic device for accessing a space, associated with a unique identifier. The term "space" generally refers to a means of transport, such as a coach, bus, or tram, or to an access point for a means of transport, such as a platform or pier providing access to a subway or train. The term "space" can also refer to a location inside a building, such as an exhibition hall or concert hall, or outdoors, such as a festival, ski resort, etc. According to the invention, the portable electronic access device for a space essentially consists of a body, means for storing the identifier, means for emitting a presence signal, an autonomous power supply for said emitting means, and an electronic circuit linking the storage means, the means of transmission and power source, the presence signal including the identifier emitted to a terminal of an access control system for said space. Thus, the electronic device is automatically validated when the signal is received by the access control system terminal for that space. The terminal may also be referred to as the control terminal. It is important to note that the terminal typically passively receives signals emitted by the portable electronic device(s) located within its detection range. In other words, the portable electronic device does not emit a presence signal in response to a signal from the control system's terminal. The transmission means generally include an antenna configured to transmit the presence signal according to a predefined standard. The self-contained power source can be a battery or a cell. The body may include an access hatch for the self-contained power source so that it can be replaced when it no longer holds power. The battery can be recharged by any existing means, including induction. In particular embodiments of the invention, the means for emitting a signal include wireless communication means having a range greater than twenty centimeters. Thus, the portable electronic device is detected when it passes near the terminal, within a radius of at least twenty centimeters of the latter, without it being necessary to place it on the control terminal. Advantageously, the range of the presence signal is on the order of one to two meters, or even on the order of five meters, which makes it possible to detect the portable electronic device at a significant distance from the control terminal. It should be noted, however, that an optimal range can be established depending on the use case, particularly to ensure sufficient battery life for the portable electronic device, as the energy consumption of signal transmission increases with signal range. For example, when a control terminal is installed in a bus with only one entrance, the range of the portable electronic device can be set to a few tens of centimeters to cover the bus entrance, or to a meter or ten meters to cover the entire bus. In particular embodiments of the invention, the means for emitting a signal include wireless communication means according to the Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE) standard. Thus, the range of the presence signal is a maximum of fifty meters. In particular embodiments of the invention, the means for emitting a presence signal include a clock configured to regulate the emission of the presence signal at regular intervals. The time interval between two transmissions can be set to five seconds, ten seconds, thirty seconds, one minute or any other time interval suitable for good detection of the portable electronic device. It is worth noting that optimal settings ensure both reliable detection of the portable electronic device and good battery life. Since signal transmission consumes energy, it is preferable to space out the time between transmissions to maximize the portable electronic device's battery life. In particular embodiments of the invention, the portable electronic device also includes means for managing the power supply of said device. Thus, the device's autonomy is extended. These power management methods can, in particular, suspend emissions for a period of time or increase the time interval between two emissions. In particular embodiments of the invention, the power management means include an accelerometer. Thus, the accelerometer allows the portable electronic device to detect movement, and the presence signal emissions can resume as soon as movement is detected. In other words, emissions can be suspended while the portable electronic device is stationary and resume when the portable electronic device is in motion. A delay can also be scheduled after the last detection of device movement before transmissions are suspended. Conversely, when movement of the portable electronic device is detected, transmissions generally resume as soon as possible or within a very short time so that the portable electronic device can be detected by the control system terminal. In particular embodiments of the invention, the portable electronic device also includes means for generating and storing a secondary identifier authenticable by a private key associated with the unique identifier, the secondary identifier being transmitted instead of the unique identifier. Thus, the identifier of the portable electronic device is secure. Furthermore, through authentication via a private key, only portable electronic devices associated with the control system are recognized by the latter. The control system thus has the ability to deny access to the space to an individual whose device contains an identifier that is not authentic. authenticated by the control system. In particular embodiments of the invention, the portable electronic device also includes a clock for changing the secondary identifier at regular intervals. Thus, the spatial evolution of the portable electronic device cannot be tracked without knowing the private key associated with the unique identifier of the portable electronic device, which makes it possible to guarantee the confidentiality of the movements of the individual carrying the portable electronic device. Advantageously, the portable electronic device is screenless in order to preserve its battery life. The portable electronic device may advantageously include a light-emitting diode, of the LED type (acronym for the English "Light-Emitting Diode") which lights up for example with each emission or when the autonomy of the autonomous source is low. In particular embodiments of the invention, the portable electronic device also includes means for pairing said device with said access control system for a space. These pairing methods may, for example, include an NFC chip (English acronym for "Near Field Communication") enabling the communication of the unique identifier, such as a serial number or a MAC number, as well as the private key associated with the unique identifier of the portable electronic device to a server of the control system. In particular embodiments of the invention, the autonomous power source includes a battery with a capacity greater than one hundred mAh. Thus, with good management of the energy consumption of the portable electronic device, the autonomy of the portable electronic device can be on the order of several tens of months. In particular embodiments of the invention, the maximum size of the portable electronic device is less than one hundred millimeters. Thus, the portable electronic device can easily be carried and placed in a pocket of an individual's clothing. In particular embodiments of the invention, the body includes attachment means. Such attachment methods include, for example, a metal loop to attach the portable electronic device to a key ring or a bracelet to keep the portable electronic device on an individual's wrist. In particular embodiments of the invention, the body is substantially flat and has a thickness of less than two millimeters. Thus, the portable electronic device can be inserted into an individual's wallet. Preferably, the body of the portable electronic device is the size of a credit card. According to a second aspect, the invention also relates to a system for controlling access to a space, comprising: - at least one portable electronic device according to one of the preceding embodiments; - at least one access control terminal for a wearer of a portable electronic device, comprising means for receiving and processing a signal emitted by at least one of said electronic devices; - a computer server comprising a database storing a means of authentication of an identifier transmitted by a portable electronic device. In particular embodiments of the invention, a control terminal is a portable electronic terminal. Such a portable electronic terminal can be, for example, a smart mobile phone, more commonly called by the English term "smartphone", or a tablet, on which runs an application detecting presence signals emitted near the control terminal by at least one portable electronic device. In particular embodiments of the invention, at least one control terminal includes geolocation means. Such geolocation means may, for example, include a receiver of a satellite positioning system such as GPS (English acronym for "Global Positioning System"), GLONASS or Galileo, allowing the geographical position of the control terminal to be determined. In particular embodiments of the invention, at least one control terminal is installed in a means of public transport. The terminal can be installed, for example, at the entrance to a bus, coach or tram. In particular embodiments of the invention, the control system also includes means for pairing a portable device. According to a third aspect, the invention also relates to a method for controlling access to a space comprising a control terminal of a control system according to any one of the preceding embodiments, of a wearer of a portable electronic device according to any one of the preceding embodiments, said method comprising the steps of: - reception by the terminal of a signal emitted by the portable electronic device; - identification of the portable electronic device by authenticating the identifier transmitted by the signal emitted by the electronic device. In particular embodiments of the invention, the control method also includes the following steps: - recording with timestamp of each detected and authenticated portable electronic device identification; - association audit recording, of the coordinates of the geographical position of the terminal detecting the electronic device; - for each registered identifier, computer processing of the records according to the movements of the terminal(s) relative to the movements of the electronic device associated with the identifier. The computer processing of data may include a step analyzing the movements of the electronic device associated with the identifier in relation to the movements of the terminal(s) of the control system. This analysis is used, for example, to determine, in the context of installing a terminal on a bus, whether the individual carrying the portable electronic device was potentially present on the bus at the time the device was detected or if they were outside the bus. In this specific case, if only one identifier record is linked to the control terminal, this record is generally not included in the bus occupancy statistics. In particular embodiments of the invention, the management process also includes a step of statistical analysis of identifiers in correlation with a movement plan. Thus, it is possible to automatically generate a precise and comprehensive passenger load plan for transportation vehicles, as it retrieves occupancy data from within the vehicle by determining the entry and exit times of individuals wearing portable electronic devices. These load plans eliminate the need for surveys, which are often conducted at specific times of day at precise locations that generally correspond to key hubs in the transportation network. In particular embodiments of the invention, the management process also includes a step of comparing the identifiers recorded since a predetermined time with a pre-established list of identifiers. Thus, it is possible, for example, to verify the presence of the individuals scheduled to be present. This is particularly useful in the case of school transport or school bus services to check that the children who boarded the bus were present against a list of the children they were supposed to transport. Finally, according to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a method for pairing a portable electronic device according to any one of the embodiments previous ones with a control system according to any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising steps of: - reading the unique identifier of the portable electronic device; - association of the unique identifier with a user; - recording of the association by the control system server; and - publication of the association to at least one terminal. The association registration process generally includes a sub-step of synchronizing the association with the server and validating the association by the server. Brief description of the drawings Other advantages, purposes and special features of the present invention will become apparent from the following non-limiting description of at least one particular embodiment of the devices covered by the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [fig.1] - Figure 1 represents a schematic view of a portable electronic device according to the invention: [fig.1B] - Figure 1B represents a simplified schematic view of the electronic circuit of the portable electronic device in Figure 1; [fig.2] - Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an access control system for a space of a portable electronic device from Figure 1; [fig.3] - Figure 3 is a synoptic diagram of a control process implemented by the control system of Figure 2; [fig.4] - Figure 4 is a block diagram of a method for pairing the portable electronic device of Figure 1 with the control system of Figure 2. Description of embodiments The present description is given by way of non-limiting attribution, each feature of an embodiment being able to be advantageously combined with any other feature of any other embodiment. It should be noted from the outset that the figures are not to scale. Example of a specific realization of the invention Figure | represents a schematic view of a portable electronic device 100 according to the invention, emitting at regular intervals a presence signal comprising a identifier associated with the portable electronic device 100 intended for a terminal 160 of a system controlling access to a space. The portable electronic device 100 essentially consists of a body 110, means 120 for storing a unique identifier of the portable electronic device 100, means 130 for emitting the presence signal, an independent power source 140, and an electronic circuit 150, which is generally a printed circuit board or PCB (Printed Circuit Board). The electronic circuit 150 connects, in particular, the storage means 120, the emission means 130, and the power source 140. In other words, the portable electronic device 100 comprises a minimum of components in order to minimize its energy consumption and maximize the autonomy of the power source 140, which is generally a battery with a capacity between 100 mAh and 460 mAh. The electronic device thus includes a body 110, means 120 for storing a unique identifier of the portable electronic device 100, means 130 for emitting a presence signal, an independent power source 140, and an electronic circuit 150, but notably lacks a screen, a camera, or a tactile interaction device such as a keyboard or button. The source 140 supplies the means 130 for emitting a presence signal which advantageously include an electronic chip 132 and wireless communication means 131 having a range greater than twenty centimeters. Such means of communication, which generally include a modem, can be, for example, based on the Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE) standard, the range of which can reach up to fifty meters. Generally, an optimum range is configured for the means 131 of communication so that the portable electronic device 100 is detectable within a radius suitable for the application case, while having sufficient autonomy of the portable electronic device 100. It should indeed be emphasized that the detection radius is a function of the strength of the presence signal emitted and that the energy consumption of the emission of a signal is a function of the intensity of this signal. For example, in the case of use of the device in a public transport vehicle, the means 131 of communication are generally configured so that the signal emitted can be detected within a detection radius of approximately 20 to 30 meters. The electronic circuit 150 may also include a clock 170 configured to regulate the emission of the presence signal at regular intervals, the interval being for example equal to 1.5 to 3 seconds. In order to further improve the battery life of the portable electronic device 100, the portable electronic device 100 also includes power management means 180 connected to the transmission means 130 via the electronic circuit 150. The power management means 180 generally include an accelerometer 181 and an electronic chip 182 that processes the data from the accelerometer 181 in order to determine, through algorithms, a state of the electronic device 100. This state generally indicates that the electronic device 100 is "in motion" when an acceleration has been detected recently, for example, less than a minute ago. The rest of the time, the state of the electronic device is "not moving", that is to say that the device is considered immobile, and the emission of the presence signal is advantageously put on standby in order to reduce the energy consumption of the portable electronic device 100 and increase its autonomy. To ensure the confidentiality of movements of the wearer of the portable electronic device 100, the portable electronic device 100 generally does not transmit its unique identifier but a secondary identifier that can be authenticated by a private key associated with the unique identifier. For this purpose, the portable electronic device 100 includes means 185 for generating and storing a secondary identifier. The secondary identifier is generally changed at regular intervals by means of the clock 170 included in the electronic circuit 150. The interval for changing the secondary identifier is generally on the order of one minute. Thus, it is not possible to trace the portable electronic device 100 without knowing the private key associated with the unique identifier. In addition, the space access control system, knowing the private key associated with the unique identifier, can verify if a right of access to the space is associated with the portable electronic device 100. Furthermore, if the access control system for the space does not recognize the unique identifier of the portable electronic device 100, access to the space may be refused to the bearer of the portable electronic device 100. In order for the access control system to recognize the portable electronic device 100, the portable electronic device 100 is generally pre-paired to the access control system which records in a server the key associated with the unique identifier of the portable electronic device 100. For this purpose, the portable electronic device 100 also includes, in this non-limiting example of the invention, means 165 for pairing the device 100 with the access control system. The pairing means 165 generally include wireless communication means according to the NFC standard, the signals of which are transmitted to complementary pairing means of the space access control system. To verify that the portable electronic device 100 is still operational, the portable electronic device 100 generally includes a light-emitting diode 190 that emits, for example, a light signal each time the presence signal is triggered. Thus, if the power supply 140 of the portable electronic device 100 stores sufficient energy to power the device, the diode 190 emits a light signal each time the presence signal is triggered. Furthermore, the portable electronic device 100 includes attachment means in the form of a bracelet 195 allowing the portable electronic device 100 to be attached to the wrists of an individual. In variations of this particular embodiment of the invention, the attachment means include a metal ring allowing, for example, the portable electronic device 100 to be attached to a key ring. The body 110 is here in the form of a roughly cylindrical case, with a radius of about thirty millimeters and a thickness of about five to ten millimeters. In variations of this particular embodiment of the invention, the portable electronic device 100 is the size of a credit card. The body 110 is substantially flat and less than two millimeters thick. In this credit card format, the portable electronic device 100 may not include any attachment means to facilitate its insertion into a wallet. Figure 1B is a simplified diagram of the electronic circuit 150 of the portable electronic device 100. The electronic circuit 150 includes a microcontroller 155, noted MCU for the acronym of the English term "Microcontroller Unit", connected to the accelerometer 181, the BLE modem of the communication means 131, the battery 140 and the NFC antenna of the pairing means 165. It should be emphasized that the microcontroller 155, associated with the memory 156 and the clock 170, is generally unique within the portable electronic device 100, and allows for the management of signal emissions, power management from accelerometer data 181, modification of secondary identifiers at regular intervals, etc. It is worth highlighting the simple design of the electronic device 100, whose internal software is entirely dedicated to managing energy consumption and encrypting transmitted data. Furthermore, no radio connection with the portable electronic device 100 is possible. In summary, the portable electronic device 100 is simply configured to emit presence signals at regular intervals for a period of time after the last detected movement. Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a 200 access control system for a space. In this non-limiting example of the invention, the controlled space is a bus 210 comprising an input 215 located at the front of the bus 210 and an output 216 located at the rear of the bus 210. The control system 200 includes a terminal 220 installed at the front of the bus 210, near the input 215. Terminal 220 is represented here by a mobile phone, more commonly known as a "smartphone." The detection range of terminal 220 is shown in Figure 2 by the circle 225 centered on terminal 220. It should be noted that the detection range advantageously covers the entire bus 210. Terminal 220 detects the presence of portable electronic devices 100 located near terminal 220, within its detection range. Each portable electronic device 100 is carried by an individual 230. This detection is performed at regular intervals, for example every minute or every five minutes. At each detection of the portable electronic device 100, the terminal 220 records the received identifier by associating it with a timestamp and transmits it to a computer server 240 of the control system 200. The computer server 240, which stores in a database 245 the private keys associated with previously paired portable electronic devices, includes means for authenticating the received identifier. When none of the private keys stored in the memory of the computer server 240 matches the identifier issued by a portable electronic device, access to the bus 210 may be denied. When the portable electronic device 100 is authenticated by the computer server 240, the computer server 240 can also verify the existence of a valid transport ticket such as a ticket or a subscription associated with the portable electronic device 100. When the computer server 240 has processed the received identifier, the computer server 240 transmits to terminal 220 an indication associated with the portable electronic device 100. A message can then be displayed on terminal 220 indicating whether access to bus 210 is validated or refused. It should be noted that terminal 220 automatically detects all portable electronic devices 100 located near terminal 220, whether inside or outside bus 210, without an individual 230 needing to make any special gesture. In order to consider only the 100 portable electronic devices located inside the 210 bus, a geographic position is associated with each record of an identifier detected by terminal 220. For this purpose, terminal 220 includes 226 means of geolocation such as a GPS-type satellite geolocation chip. Information processing of records corresponding to a particular identifier is carried out in order to determine if the portable electronic device associated with that identifier is transported by bus 210, Thanks to this processing, it may also be possible to determine when and / or where the wearer of the electronic device boarded and / or disembarked bus 210. More broadly, it is therefore possible to establish a load statistic for a means of transport over a given period corresponding to all or part of the day, by correlating boarding and alighting with a travel plan for the means of transport. This means of transport can, in particular, be a vehicle (bus, metro, tram) of a public transport service. From the recordings, it is also possible to establish a list of the people present on bus 210 and to compare it to a pre-established list, which is particularly useful in the case of a school bus to check the presence of the children to be transported. Figure 3 is a block diagram of a method 300 for controlling access to bus 210 including terminal 220 of system 200. The process 300 includes a first step 310 of receiving by terminal 220 a presence signal emitted by a portable electronic device 100. The process 300 then identifies the portable electronic device 100, in a second step 320, by authenticating the identifier transmitted by the presence signal. This authentication is performed using the private key stored in the database 245 of the computer server 240. The process 300 can then, during a third step 330, transmit to terminal 220 a validation status of access to the bearer of the electronic device 100. Each detection of the portable electronic device 100 is generally recorded, during a fourth step 340, when it is authenticated by the computer server 240. The coordinates of the geographical position of terminal 220 at the time of detection of the presence signal are also recorded in this non-limiting example of the invention during a fifth step 350 of the process 300. The records are then processed in a sixth step, 360°, based on the movements of the terminal 220 associated with the records. It should be noted that this processing is performed both by identifier and by terminal. This data processing can, in particular, determine whether the device is or was actually inside the controlled area. Recordings that do not correspond to the beacon's movements, for example, a single recording, are considered false positives and are not included in the analysis of authenticated recordings. Such an analysis, carried out during substep 361, might, for example, involve compiling statistics on the load on the transport network at a given time or over a period. This analysis notably takes into account the presence of portable electronic devices 100 within a means of transport on the transport network, determining at which location or station they were boarded and / or disembarked. It should be emphasized that this analysis of the transport network load rate can be carried out and returned in real time. Another type of analysis of the records, carried out during a sub-step 362, can also make it possible to determine a list of people present inside bus 210 and to compare it to a list of expected or pre-established people. Figure 4 is a block diagram of a method 400 for pairing the portable electronic device 100 with the control system 200. The process 400 includes a first step 410 of reading the unique identifier which is usually the serial number of the portable electronic device 100. This identifier is then associated with a user during step 420. The association of the unique identifier and the user is then synchronized with the remote server 240 of the control system 200 during step 430. The remote server 240 validates the association during step 440 and publishes this association to terminals 220 during step 250. isfi ionnell 'inventi A non-exhaustive list of use cases for the invention is as follows: School transport: child-friendly electronic device that can be attached to schoolbags, keys, anonymized and with limited radio broadcasts, to very long battery life; the control terminal is a smartphone or a dedicated tablet, allowing validation even in the absence temporary connection to a telecom network, and ensuring regular pointing children (getting on board, during the journey, getting off the vehicle). In a building (e.g., a school) wishing to monitor its staff in real time present, control access to their school space and better manage their cycles of school catering). The choice, the type (fixed terminal, mobile terminal) and the The number of control terminals will take into account the configuration of the spaces, their extent, and strategic access points. The points are continuously performed by each of the pointing terminals and analyzed to provide readable and usable data: present, absent, entries, exits, crowded places… Urban transport (e.g., bus service) requires the use of Near Field Contact (NFC) transmission in addition to the BLE protocol integrated into the electronic device. This ensures compatibility with existing systems while enabling automatic and dynamic ticketing via a control terminal (e.g., the driver's smartphone). Bus passengers are therefore validated upon boarding, counted inside the bus, and devalidated upon disembarking. This allows for real-time monitoring of passenger flow and vehicle occupancy rates, enabling rapid adjustments to the service. The validation system is lightweight and therefore inexpensive, while offering a wide range of services.

Claims

Demands

1. A portable electronic device (100) for accessing a space, associated with a unique identifier, characterized in that it is essentially made up of of a body (110), of means (120) for storing the identifier, of means (130) of emitting a presence signal, from a source (140) autonomous power supply and an electronic circuit (150) connecting the storage means, emission means and power source, the presence signal including the identifier emitted to a terminal (160) of an access control system for said space.

2. A portable electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the means for emitting a signal include means (131) of com- wireless communication having a range greater than twenty centimeters.

3. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims indications 1 to 2, in which the means of emitting a com- signal take means (131) of wireless communication according to the standard Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE).

4. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims instructions 1 to 3, in which the electronic circuit includes a clock (170) configured to regulate the emission of the presence signal at in- regular intervals.

5. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims indications 1 to 4, also including means (180) of management of the power supply of said device.

6. A portable electronic device according to claim 5, wherein the power management methods include an accelerometer (181).

7. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims indications 1 to 6, also including means (185) of generation and the storage of a secondary identifier authenticable by a key private associated with the unique identifier, the secondary identifier being transmitted instead of the unique identifier.

8. A portable electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the The electronic circuit includes a clock allowing modification the secondary identifier at regular intervals.

9. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims Indications 1 to 8, also including a light-emitting diode {190).

10. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims indications 1 to 9, also including means (165) of pairing said device, said access control system for a space.

11. | Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims indications 1 to 10, in which the autonomous power source (140) includes a battery with a capacity exceeding one hundred mAh.

12. | Portable electronic device according to any of the claims indications 1 to 11, characterized in that the maximum size of the device portable electronics is less than one hundred millimeters.

13. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims indications 1 to 12, in which the body includes means hanging (195).

14. Portable electronic device according to any one of the claims indications 1 to 13, in which the body is substantially flat and presents a thickness of less than two millimeters.

15. System (200) for controlling access to a space, comprising: - at least one portable electronic device (100) according to one any of the claims | to 14; - at least one terminal (220) for controlling access to a carrier (230) of a portable electronic device, comprising means of reception and processing of a signal emitted by at least one of said dis- positive electronics; - a computer server (240) comprising a database (245) storing a means of authentication for an identifier transmitted by a portable electronic device.

16. | Access control system according to claim 15, wherein at minus one control terminal (220) is a portable electronic terminal.

17. | Control system according to any one of claims 15 to 16, in which at least one control terminal includes means (225) geolocation.

18. Access control system according to any one of the claims 15 to 17, in which at least one control terminal (220) is installed in a means (210) of public transport.

19. Access control system according to any one of the claims 15 to 18, also including means (165) for pairing a portable electronic device (100) according to any one of the following claims indications 10 to 14.

20. Method (300) of controlling access to a space comprising a terminal control (220) of an access control system (200) according to one any of claims 15 to 19, of a device holder portable electronic (100) according to any one of claims 1 at 14, said process comprising the steps of: - reception (310) by terminal (220) of a signal emitted by the device portable electronics (100); - identification (320) of the portable electronic device (100) in au- authenticating the identifier transmitted by the signal emitted by the electronic device tronique.

21. An access control method according to claim 20, comprising also steps of: - recording (340) with timestamp of each identification of portable electronic device (100) detected and authenticated; - association (350) audit registration, coordinates of the position geographical location of the terminal (220) detecting the electronic device portable (100); - for each registered identifier, computer processing (360) of recordings based on the movements of the terminal(s) (220) with respect to the movements of the portable electronic device {200) associated with the identifier.

22. Access control method according to any one of the claims 20 to 21, also including a step (361) of statistical analysis of the identifiers correlated with a travel plan.

23. Access control method according to any one of the claims 20 to 22, also including a step (362) of comparison of the identifiers saved from a predetermined time with a list of pre-established identifiers.

24. Method (400) for pairing a portable electronic device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 14 with a system of control (200) according to any one of claims 15 to 19, ca- characterized in that it includes stages of: - reading (410) the unique identifier of the portable electronic device (100); - association (420) of the unique identifier with a user; - registration of the association by the server (240) of the system control (200); and - publication of the association towards at least one terminal (220).