Transport vehicle waiting shelter or bus stop post, comprising a perforated wall and a seat made of a phase-change material

Abstract

A waiting shelter for a transport vehicle or a bus stop post, comprising a perforated wall (1) and a seat (4) fixed to the wall, the wall being openwork and comprising non-contiguous pieces placed at a distance from each other, the wall forming a screen or a mashrabiya, the seat being provided with a phase-change material. Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Transport vehicle waiting shelter or bus stop post, comprising a perforated wall and a seat provided with a phase-change material

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shelters used as waiting areas for transport vehicles, such as buses or trams. The invention also relates to bus stop poles, that is to say, structures placed on a roadway at which transport vehicles stop to allow passengers to board or alight.

[0002] Such shelters are sometimes called shelters. They usually include a seat, possibly with a backrest.

[0003] The main function of these shelters or stop posts is to mark the stopping area of ​​the transport vehicle. The shelters offer people protection from the elements, in particular wind and rain.

[0004] Shelters can provide communication services for people waiting for their transport vehicle, for example by displaying schedules and estimated waiting times. Display devices provide passengers with information about the transport network, for example, network maps and fares.

[0005] Shelters must provide a clean, easy-to-maintain, and well-ventilated environment. Their structure must be resistant to malicious acts or vandalism. Shelters should preferably be accessible to people with disabilities or reduced mobility, and in particular, must be wheelchair accessible and allow for wheelchair maneuvering. Shelters should also preferably be accessible to shopping trolleys and strollers. The size of the shelters must be appropriate for the anticipated number of users. Passengers inside the shelters must be visible and protected from vehicles circulating nearby.

[0006] Shelters are important elements in the landscape, and their aesthetic or architectural aspects must be carefully considered.

[0007] Shelters must more broadly ensure the comfort of people, the needs for comfort being increased by the aging of the population, and certain functional limitations that may appear with age, whether they are motor, sensory or neurological functions.

[0008] Conventional shelters often include an advertising or information panel, downstream of the direction of traffic of transport vehicles.

[0009] To achieve the expected qualities just described, conventional shelters most often include a metal frame, typically made of Galvanized steel or stainless steel, or aluminum alloy, and glass or polycarbonate walls. Document EP2893105 (Decaux, 2015) describes the use of polymer matrix composite materials for the construction of walls for a bus shelter, the shelter comprising a flat roof and three vertical walls.

[0010] Shelters made of wood or concrete are also known, but have the disadvantage of not easily allowing people to see approaching transport vehicles, and transport vehicle drivers to see people waiting in the shelters.

[0011] The invention relates more particularly to the improvement of the thermal comfort of people in shelters used as waiting areas for transport vehicles, such as buses, trams, trains.

[0012] The thermal comfort of people is particularly dependent on sunlight and wind, ambient air temperature and ambient air humidity.

[0013] Even though comfort is by nature dependent on people, and in particular on their acclimatization, it is possible, in an air temperature / air humidity diagram, to distinguish areas in which a majority of people have a feeling of heat, or a feeling of unbearable heat, or a feeling of comfort.

[0014] Human metabolism is indeed that of a homeotherm. When the human body is exposed to heat, skin temperature is sacrificed in favor of core temperature, as the human body only tolerates small variations in core temperature, from 35°C to 41°C. Cutaneous vasodilation, an increase in cardiac output, and perspiration facilitate this thermoregulation. Perspiration occurs when the air temperature exceeds 26°C. Evaporation is the only way for the body to lose heat in a hot environment.

[0015] When the ambient temperature is above 33°C, there is an increase in the core body temperature. When the ambient air has a high humidity level, sweat does not evaporate, and sweat production continues without heat dissipation, with risks of fatigue, hyperthermia (heat stroke), and dehydration.

[0016] According to IPCC forecasts, cities are likely to experience more intense and frequent heat waves during the 21st century.

[0017] However, for several decades, there has been a strong trend toward the concentration of populations in cities worldwide. In 2020, in France, one in six people lived in the Paris urban area, and one in four in an urban area with more than 200,000 inhabitants, excluding Paris. It is estimated that in 2020, 55% of the world's population lived in cities, a proportion expected to reach 7 out of 10 by 2050. Cities are particularly vulnerable to heat waves due to the urban heat island effect.

[0018] Population aging leads to increased health risks during heat waves. In older adults, there is a physiological decrease in blood flow, resulting in a reduced capacity to dissipate heat. In France, in 2020, people over 65 years of age represented 20% of the population, and it is estimated that this proportion will reach one in four by 2040. Population aging is observed more broadly within the European Union and internationally. It is estimated that by 2050, one in six people worldwide will be over 65, compared to one in eleven in 2019.

[0019] Conventional shelters, typically those with a steel frame on which glass panels are mounted, do not allow for thermal comfort of people in the event of a heat wave.

[0020] Various methods have been proposed to try to cool the space of a traveller shelter.

[0021] According to a first approach, a misting system propels humid air. Reference can be made, for example, to documents FR3070175 (Climespace, 2019), CN108843052 (Ping, 2018), and WO2004083566 (Domano, 2004). Such an approach has several drawbacks. There is a risk of spreading pathogens, such as viruses or Legionella. To limit these risks, the misting system can be supplied with potable water from the mains or equipped with a disinfection device, for example, using ultraviolet light, with the resulting complexity and costs. To limit the risks of spreading pathogens, near-continuous water circulation must be ensured, as well as regular water quality analyses, with the associated costs. Water consumption is significant, around 100 liters per day per misting system.The installation of misting systems can convey an image of water waste, which is incompatible with a message of water conservation, especially during heat waves. Misting systems usually require an electrical power supply to operate.

[0022] According to a second approach, the shelters are planted with vegetation. Reference can be made, for example, to documents CN110469152 (Ting, 2019), FR3081731 (JCDecaux, 2019).

[0023] According to a third approach, the shelter is equipped with an adiabatic evaporative air cooling system. The principle of evaporative air cooling is presented, for example, in documents WO2019 / 180737 (Siripurapu, 2019) and WO2005 / 045332 (Univ. Nottingham, 2005).

[0024] Document FR3106879 (JCDecaux, 2021) describes a waiting shelter for public transport users, the shelter comprising a rainwater tank and an air cooling system. A pump connected to the rainwater tank sends water to a humidifier placed in an evaporator. The rainwater flows vertically by gravity into the humidifier. A fan draws in ambient air. The system draws in hot, dry air and blows it horizontally through a water-filled evaporator, from which it emerges as a stream of cooled and humidified air. The shelter described in document FR3106879 has several drawbacks. The electrical components (particularly fans and pumps) require either a power supply from the public grid or a rechargeable battery, for example, powered by photovoltaic panels.

[0025] According to a fourth approach, the shelter is cooled by geothermal energy. See, for example, document KR20200113955 (Cse, 2020).

[0026] The diversity of approaches considered in the prior art for attempting to cool passenger shelters shows that no approach has met users' expectations, so the shelters remain largely of conventional structure, based on a metal frame and glass panels. The approaches proposed in the prior art for cooling shelters each have their drawbacks, and are limited by the requirement for a connection to an electrical power supply or a battery.

[0027] The invention relates in particular to the comfort of persons using a seat or a sit-stand.

[0028] The term "sit-stand" here refers to means that allow a seated position with support. Sit-stand systems help prevent pain associated with prolonged standing. Sit-stand systems have been known for a long time and are described, for example, in documents KR101393068 (Gu, 2014), GB2442873 (Ness Furniture, 2008), and FR2569964 (Gianni, 1986).

[0029] Commercially available sit-stand chairs are most often made of steel, particularly galvanized steel or steel coated with epoxy varnish. Sit-stand chairs with coated aluminum alloy seats or wooden seats are also known.

[0030] Cooling methods for waiting shelter seats in transport vehicles have sometimes been proposed. Reference may be made, for example, to documents KR102036713 (Air Ind, 2019), KR102648398 (Sik, 2024), and CN103960895 (Ke, 2014). Document EP2338380 (Sapje, 2013) proposes an autonomous temperature control system for street furniture, where the temperature of a heating fluid is obtained using solar thermal panels, while cooling is achieved by means of a geothermal heat exchanger.

[0031] The means of cooling shelter seats known in the prior art present many disadvantages.

[0032] Firstly, these known cooling methods are expensive to manufacture and install.

[0033] Secondly, these known cooling methods require a power supply and their maintenance can prove complicated, requiring the intervention of experienced personnel with specific tools.

[0034] The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of prior art shelters.

[0035] A first object of the invention is to provide a waiting shelter for transport vehicles or a stop post offering increased comfort to travelers, in particular increased thermal comfort, especially during the hottest hours of the day, this comfort being obtained without requiring a connection to an energy source.

[0036] A second object of the invention is to provide a waiting shelter for transport vehicles or a stop post preserving a certain privacy for travelers while maintaining a feeling of security.

[0037] A third object of the invention is to provide a waiting shelter for transport vehicles or a stop post that meets at least one of the above objects, and whose environmental footprint is reduced, the shelter also being able to be easily stored, transported or moved.

[0038] For these purposes, the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a waiting shelter for a transport vehicle or stop post, comprising a perforated wall and a seat fixed to the wall, advantageously a sit-stand whose height can vary to adapt to different morphologies, the wall being openwork and comprising non-contiguous pieces, placed at a distance from each other, the wall forming a screen or a moucharabieh, the seat being provided with a phase-change material.

[0039] The construction of a screen or a mashrabiya provides relative privacy for passengers, while preserving the possibility of looking through the partition, maintaining a sense of security, and allowing them to see the approaching transport vehicle. The construction of a screen or a mashrabiya allows air to circulate freely through the partition, facilitating thermoregulation, with reduced wind resistance.

[0040] The presence of a phase change material increases the thermal comfort of people using the seat, this comfort being obtained without resorting to an energy supply, in particular electrical.

[0041] The shelter can thus be installed or moved quickly, for example temporarily. Advantageously, the wall is thin and narrow, thus forming a module.

[0042] Advantageously, the non-contiguous parts comprise parallel vertical uprights, preferably of rectangular or elliptical cross-section.

[0043] Advantageously, the non-contiguous parts are assembled on a lower frame forming a chassis. The chassis can form a solid base or a large bearing surface. on the ground, ensuring the stability of the wall. Preferably, the frame is equipped with means of anchoring to the ground, for example ground anchor screws.

[0044] Advantageously, the frame is U-shaped, comprising a base for support on the ground and two lateral wings. The presence of the frame thus does not obstruct the passage of air in the spaces between the non-contiguous parts of the wall, preferably along the entire height of the wall.

[0045] In certain embodiments, the non-contiguous parts are fixed to the base of the frame by attachment brackets forming a stirrup with an internal core. The fixing of the non-contiguous parts, in particular the vertical wooden uprights, to the frame is thus discreet and resistant to damage or malicious attempts at dismantling.

[0046] In various implementations, the phase-change material is of the solid-liquid or solid-solid type.

[0047] Advantageously, the phase-change material is contained in a pouch placed in a recess in the seat. People using the shelter thus have no direct contact with the phase-change material, which is protected by its containment in a pouch, for example a flexible pouch made of polymer material, this pouch being placed in a recess in the seat.

[0048] In certain embodiments, the base comprises a block of porous material, the block having at least one recess in which a pocket containing the phase-change material is placed. For example, the block is in the form of a hollow brick.

[0049] In some implementations, the seat includes a standing seat.

[0050] Advantageously, the non-contiguous pieces forming the openwork wall comprise uprights of a wood selected from the group comprising teak (in particular Tectona grandis), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), camaru (Dipteryx odorata), itauba (Mezilaurus itauba), acacia, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacid), pine (Pinus), larch (Larix decidua), oak (Quercus), ash (Fraxinus), chestnut (Castanea), bamboo (Bambousa).

[0051] Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments given below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0052] [Fig. 1] is a perspective view of a waiting shelter wall for a transport vehicle, the base being omitted in order to show the wall uprights more fully;

[0053] [Fig.2] is a perspective view of the lower part of the wall shown in [Fig.1], the base being in place, some wall uprights and the base being omitted;

[0054] [Fig.3] is a perspective view of the frame of the wall shown in [Fig.1].

[0055] In the embodiment shown, the wall 1 comprises a front face 2 and a rear face 3, a seat 4 for one person being arranged on the front face 2.

[0056] In the remainder of this description, the term height is used in reference to the vertical direction, perpendicular to the ground on which the wall 1 is placed, and the term thickness is used in reference to the horizontal direction perpendicular to the front and rear face of the wall.

[0057] By wall, we mean here the fact that a separation, a barrier, a fence, a palisade, a partition, separates two front and rear sides of a structure.

[0058] Advantageously, the wall 1 is in the form of a module, that is, a simple element of a repeating structure. It is thus possible to create assemblies for dividing spaces in shelters used as waiting areas for transport vehicles, these assemblies being of a length and appearance adapted to the requirements. In particular, it is possible to separate at least two waiting areas with a set of juxtaposed walls 1, the walls 1 being able to be aligned or forming angles with each other.

[0059] In certain embodiments, the walls 1 are provided with means for assembling each other.

[0060] The walls 1 are advantageously available in the form of compact, lightweight modules that are easy to transport and store. This allows the walls 1 to be installed in existing shelters or quickly set up in temporary shelters for transport vehicles. The walls 1 can therefore be installed in various settings, for example, in city centers, industrial or commercial zones, or residential areas.

[0061] In certain implementations, a range of walls is offered, including walls extending in a plane and curved walls, of different widths and / or heights.

[0062] The wall 1 is advantageously perforated, allowing air to pass through while providing shade for at least one person, in particular a person using the seat 4.

[0063] The wall 1 is advantageously openwork, and comprises unjoined pieces, placed at a distance from each other, the space between the pieces allowing the passage of air.

[0064] The wall 1 is advantageously non-opaque, in particular when the view is oriented perpendicularly to the front face 2 or to the rear face 3.

[0065] The wall 1 is advantageously opaque to a view directed at an angle greater than a predetermined threshold value, relative to the front face 2 or the rear face 3.

[0066] The wall thus advantageously forms a moucharabieh or a claustra.

[0067] By claustra we mean here a partition comprising non-contiguous or hollow elements, a claustra being distinguished from a solid, blackout partition commonly used as a screen.

[0068] A screen or a moucharabieh allows one to guess what is happening behind it.

[0069] Wall 1 thus preserves relative privacy, while maintaining a feeling of security for people.

[0070] In some embodiments, not shown, the wall further includes a grid or a mesh, for example made of welded wire mesh.

[0071] In other, unrepresented embodiments, the wall further comprises a trellis, i.e., an assembly of crossed slats, for example in squares or diamonds, the slats being, for example, made of wood. In particular embodiments, the trellis supports climbing plants.

[0072] In other, unrepresented embodiments, the wall comprises bars, in particular metal bars, forming stringers assembled together for example by welding, bolting or riveting.

[0073] In the embodiment shown, the wall 1 is substantially vertical, and extends perpendicularly to the ground.

[0074] In other embodiments, not shown, the wall is curved, for example in the shape of a C or an S when viewed from above.

[0075] In the embodiment shown, the wall 1 comprises vertical uprights 5 and horizontal crossbeams 6.

[0076] The terms “upright” and “cross member” here refer in particular to a piece of substantially constant or profiled section, the piece being able to be made of steel, of metallic alloy such as aluminium alloy, of solid or reconstituted wood, of polymer material or of composite material.

[0077] In certain embodiments, the uprights and crossbars are made of metallic material, for example steel, stainless steel, or a light alloy such as aluminum alloy. The uprights and crossbars may be coated, for example lacquered. The uprights and crossbars are obtained, for example, by cold drawing or cold rolling.

[0078] In some embodiments, the uprights and crossbars are made of polymer material or composite material, and are obtained for example by molding, extrusion, or pultrusion.

[0079] By way of example, the profiles are made of composite material reinforced with glass fiber, flax fiber, or carbon fiber.

[0080] The uprights and cross members can be made of polymer material, optionally reinforced with short or long fibers, for example carbon fiber, the polymer material being for example polyethylene, in particular high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), epoxy resin, or a copolymer or a mixture of these polymers.

[0081] Advantageously, the 5 uprights are made of wood, preferably from sustainably managed forests, for example guaranteed by the FSC (Forest Stewardship Council ®) label or the PEFC (Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification) label.

[0082] The uprights 5 are for example made of a wood chosen from the group comprising teak (in particular Tectona grandis), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), camaru (Dipteryx odorata), itauba (Mezilaurus itauba), acacia, black locust or false acacia (Robinia pseudoacacid), pine (Pinus), larch (Larix decidua), oak (Quercus), ash (Fraxinus), chestnut (Castanea), bamboo (Bambousa).

[0083] In the embodiment shown, the wall 1 comprises nine vertical uprights 5, parallel to each other, and spaced from each other by the same distance.

[0084] It is understood that the number of uprights 5 may be smaller or larger, the wall 1 may be of different widths.

[0085] It is also understood that the spacing between the vertical 5 uprights can be constant or variable, depending in particular on the desired visual effect.

[0086] In the embodiment shown, the uprights are of two types, namely two end uprights 5a, 5b and intermediate uprights 5c. The end uprights 5a, 5b are fixed to a reinforcing plate 7 and are provided for this purpose with a receiving notch for this reinforcing plate 7.

[0087] In other embodiments, not shown, the wall uprights are substantially identical.

[0088] In the embodiment shown, the uprights 5 are of different heights, the wall 1 thus presenting an irregular upper part, evoking a festoon.

[0089] In other, more economical embodiments, the uprights 5 are of the same height, the resulting wall having a more irregular upper edge.

[0090] In other embodiments, not shown, the uprights are provided with a curved upper part, covering the space placed on the front face 2, the uprights forming a shade for a person using the seat 4.

[0091] The wall 1 is advantageously stable on a flat surface, without additional support or fixing to the ground. To this end, the wall 1 is provided with a lower frame forming a chassis 8.

[0092] In the embodiment shown, the chassis 8 is in the shape of a U-shaped sheet metal comprising a base 9 and two wings 10.

[0093] The installation of the frame 8 thus leaves the spaces located between the uprights 5, in the lower part of the wall 1, free, allowing air to circulate through the wall 1 over its entire height.

[0094] The chassis 8 is, for example, made of steel, galvanized steel or stainless steel (in particular 304L or 316L), or even of aluminum alloy (for example aluminum alloy of the 6000 series, notably 6082), and is produced by folding or bending.

[0095] The frame 8 advantageously has a thickness greater than that of the uprights 5. The stability of the wall 1 is obtained by the large thickness of the frame 8, as well as by the mass of the frame 8.

[0096] In certain embodiments, a weighted body, such as a cast iron ingot, is fixed or placed on the base of the frame and forms ballast, reinforcing the stability of the wall 1. The weighted body is advantageously removable, allowing after its removal the wall 1 to be moved easily.

[0097] If necessary, the chassis 8 can be fixed to the ground, for example by anchoring means, the base 9 being provided with screw holes 11 for this purpose.

[0098] In the embodiment shown, the uprights 5 are in the form of slats, advantageously made of wood, with a rectangular cross-section, the thickness of the slats being greater than their width.

[0099] The dimensions below are given as an indicative example. The thickness of the slats is, for example, approximately 25 mm, and the width of the slats is, for example, approximately 50 mm. The spacing between the slats is, for example, 28 mm, the width of a wall 1 as shown being, for example, 500 mm, and its height approximately 2000 mm. The thickness of the base 9 of the frame 8 is, for example, 156 mm. The height of the seat 4 is, for example, approximately 50 cm or 70 cm.

[0100] In the embodiment shown, the seat 4 is an inclined plane defining a sitting-standing position, the angle of inclination of the support plane being approximately 65° with respect to the vertical.

[0101] The term "sitting / standing" here refers to means enabling a seated position with support. Sitting / standing helps prevent the onset of pain associated with prolonged standing.

[0102] In other, unrepresented embodiments, the wall includes a seat.

[0103] The cross members 6 are for example formed of a threaded rod passing through the uprights 5, with spacers placed on this rod, between the uprights 5. In the embodiment shown, two spacers are placed in the upper part of the wall 1.

[0104] The fixing of the uprights 5 on the chassis 8 is ensured by means which will now be described.

[0105] In the embodiment shown, the base 9 of the frame 8 comprises projecting vertical attachment lugs 12, each attachment lug 12 having a through hole for an assembly means such as a bolt or a threaded rod. Each attachment lug 12 forms a visible fitting or stirrup with an internal web that fits into a slot 13 formed in the lower extreme part of each upright 5. The assembly The attachment of the upright 5 to the mounting bracket 12 is ensured, for example, by screwing, a threaded rod being mounted in a hole 14 through the upright 5. The resulting attachment is barely visible.

[0106] An upper support 15 provides a second level of assembly of the uprights 5 on the chassis 8. The upper support 15 is fixed to the wings 10 of the chassis 8, for example by screwing, riveting or welding, and includes vertical attachment tabs 16.

[0107] Each attachment bracket 16 fits into a slot provided on each upright 5. In the embodiment shown, each attachment bracket 16 includes two through holes for an assembly means such as a bolt or a threaded rod. Each attachment bracket 16 forms a visible fitting or stirrup with an internal web.

[0108] The seat 4 is advantageously provided with a phase change material.

[0109] In some embodiments, the base comprises a hollow block in which a phase-change material is placed. The hollow block is preferably made of a porous material such as terracotta.

[0110] Phase change materials (hereafter referred to as PCMs) can be classified according to their chemical nature: organic PCMs (e.g. paraffins, fatty acids, polyalcohols), inorganic PCMs (e.g. salt hydrates, mineral salts, metals such as potassium or lithium), eutectic PCMs.

[0111] PCMs can be classified by the type of phase change they undergo during a temperature variation: gas-liquid PCM, solid-liquid PCM, solid-gas PCM, solid-solid PCM.

[0112] In some implementations, thermal energy storage is achieved by an organic PCM of the solid-liquid or solid-solid type.

[0113] The use of MCPs for the seat 4 makes it possible to limit the increase in temperature, during full sunlight, and to provide heat at a less hot period of the day.

[0114] In some embodiments, the PCM is of the solid-liquid type, for example based on paraffin or hydrated salts. Paraffin waxes (for example tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, elicosane) have thermal conductivities on the order of 0.15 W / mK and enthalpies of fusion between 140 and 250 kJ / kg.

[0115] In other embodiments, the MCP is liquid (paraffin, salts) and is impregnated in a matrix, in particular in plaster.

[0116] In other implementations, the MCP is paraffin-based and encapsulated, particularly for incorporation into plaster.

[0117] In particular embodiments, the MCP is of the solid-liquid type and is macro-encapsulated, i.e., conditioned in containers whose volume can vary from milliliters to several liters. These containers are, for example, bags, plates or sheets of polymer material.

[0118] In other embodiments, the MCP is of the solid-liquid type and is microencapsulated, the size of the microcapsules typically ranging from one micron to one millimeter. The microcapsules are, for example, made of polymer material, of natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic origin. Microencapsulation is achieved, for example, by interfacial polymerization or by spray drying.

[0119] Wall 1 has many advantages.

[0120] The presence of a seat or a sit-stand unit as close as possible to the wall improves user comfort, allowing them to rest and benefit from the thermal comfort provided by air circulation through the wall. The seat is positioned at different heights and is adapted to different body types.

[0121] The uprights provide offset shading, and leave free spaces between them for the passage of air currents.

[0122] Offset shading provides thermal comfort for people over a long period of time, particularly in the late afternoon, after the sun has passed its zenith, as these are often the hottest hours of the day. The vertical wall maximizes the offset shade close to the waiting area.

[0123] The vertical posts form a barrier against the sun's rays, even when grazing.

[0124] The presence of a phase change material in the seat improves user comfort. The use of an encapsulated solid-liquid phase change material increases the thermal inertia of the seat. The phase change temperature of the PCM is advantageously around 29°C, and its latent heat of phase change is high.

[0125] The use of a porous material such as terracotta for the seat increases the comfort of the shelter's users, the porous terracotta absorbing moisture from the air at night, the seat being cooled during the day by adiabatic cooling.

[0126] The openwork walls, advantageously in the form of a screen or moucharabieh, allow a feeling of security to be maintained for the people present in the shelter, who can in particular see the parking area of ​​the transport vehicle, while preserving a certain privacy.

[0127] The presence of parallel vertical uprights spaced apart from each other results, when the sun's rays hit the wall, in the appearance of lit areas and shaded areas, and therefore areas with temperature differences.

[0128] These temperature differences create upward convective airflows.

[0129] The vertical convective flows created by the temperature differentials between the shaded and sunny areas of the wall contribute to the thermoregulation of the shelter used as a waiting area for a transport vehicle, increasing the thermal comfort of people.

[0130] The environmental footprint of the wall is reduced by using local materials, in particular wooden uprights, and a phase change material (advantageously a bio-based vegetable fat).

[0131] The wall is in the form of a module, that is to say, a simple element of a repeating structure. It is thus possible to create assemblies for dividing spaces in shelters used as waiting areas for transport vehicles, these assemblies being of a length and appearance adapted to the needs. In particular, it is possible to arrange several walls, in alignment or not, depending on the desired level of shade.

Claims

Demands

1. A structure placed on a roadway for the waiting or stopping of a transport vehicle, the structure, comprising a perforated wall (1) and a seat (4) fixed to the wall (1), characterized in that the wall (1) is openwork and comprises non-contiguous pieces, placed at a distance from each other, the wall (1) forming a screen or a mashrabiya, the seat (4) being advantageously provided with a phase change material.

2. Layout according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-contiguous parts comprise parallel vertical uprights (5), preferably of rectangular cross-section.

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the non-contiguous parts are assembled on a lower frame forming a chassis (8).

4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the chassis (5) is in the form of a U-shaped sheet metal comprising a base (9) for ground support, and two lateral wings (10).

5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the non-contiguous parts are fixed to the base (9) of the chassis (8) by attachment tabs (12) forming a stirrup with an internal core.

6. Arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the phase-change material is of the solid-liquid or solid-solid type.

7. Arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the phase change material is conditioned in a pocket placed in a seat recess (4).

8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the seat (4) comprises a block of porous material, the block being provided with at least one recess in which is placed a pocket containing the phase change material.

9. Arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat (4) comprises a sit-stand.

10. An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-contiguous pieces forming the openwork wall comprise uprights (5) of a selected wood in the group including teak (especially Tectona grandis), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), camaru (Dipteryx odorata), itauba (Mezilaurus itauba), acacia, robin or false acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia), pine (Pinlèus), chestnut deciduous (Quercus), ash (Fraxinus), chestnut (Castanea), bamboo (Bambousa).

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