Projectile

Abstract

The present invention relates to a projectile (10), with a projectile casing (12) having a projectile front (14) with a front opening (18), the front opening (18) being able to be closed by means of a closing screw (20), an explosive charge centering tube (42), within which is arranged at least one explosive charge (60, 62) limited by an explosive charge cup (64, 66), being fixed inside the projectile casing (12), a predefined rupture point (68) being made at the level of a bottom (54), opposite to the projectile front (14), of the explosive charge centering tube (42), and at least one degassing channel (70, 72) being formed at the level of the explosive charge cup (64, 66),which degassing channel creates a circulation link between a first internal space section (74) located at the bottom (54) of the explosive charge centering tube (42) and a second internal space section (76) of the explosive charge centering tube (42) which is arranged on the side of the explosive charge (60, 62) facing the front of the projectile (14). Figure for the abbreviation: Fig. 2,

Description

Title of the invention: Projectile technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a projectile comprising a projectile casing which extends along a median longitudinal axis and which has a projectile front with a front opening, in which the front opening can be closed or is closed by means of a closing screw, in which an explosive charge centering tube is fixed inside the projectile casing adjacent to the front opening and in alignment with the front opening, at least one explosive charge delimited by an explosive charge cup being arranged in the tube. Previous art

[0002] Projectiles of the type mentioned above are known from prior art and are used, for example, as high-explosive projectiles in artillery. For safety reasons, these projectiles are generally delivered unprimed (without a warhead fuse) and stored, for example, in military depots. For ease of handling, projectiles of this type are often fitted with a locking screw with a lifting ring.

[0003] These projectiles are subject to external influences during transport and storage, such as vibrations, temperature changes, or, in extreme cases, fire or bombardment. Low reactivity or low damage capacity of these (unprimed) projectiles is therefore an essential safety requirement. For example, if a fire results in a high level of thermal energy outside a projectile, the internal pressure in the projectile casing increases due to the temperature rise. The temperature increase triggers the decomposition of the explosives, which, exacerbated by high internal pressure, can, in extreme cases, lead to a reaction of the explosives inside the projectile (deflagration that can progress to detonation).Regardless, the increasing internal pressure increases the prestress acting on the projectile's casing, so that the casing can fail if its resistance limits are exceeded, potentially transferring large amounts of energy to fragments of the casing and its surroundings. This poses a potential danger to people and materials located near the projectile.

[0004] Various measures have been implemented by the prior art to relieve pressure in the event of an increase in internal pressure within the projectile (for example, due to external thermal influences). For example, the thread at the The base of the projectile, which can be screwed into the projectile casing, was designed to be weak or short so that the threads could shear off when internal pressure increases. However, this weak base thread limits the projectile's use, for example, in enhanced weapon systems. A weak (short) thread is also susceptible to assembly errors, resulting in either a failed assembly or the projectile base detaching after firing. Furthermore, the projectile's drop safety or resistance to drops is reduced when the base threads are short.

[0005] In addition, thin-walled projectile jackets or a nose cone ring have been used on the projectile jacket so that the jacket ruptures in the event of increased pressure in the nose region (upper region). This can, however, negatively affect the fragmentation effect and lead to a reduction in the damage inflicted on infrastructure. Firing resistance (resistance when the projectile is fired) can also be limited by a thin-walled projectile jacket.

[0006] Document DE 10 2013 014 811 A1 shows a projectile with a ogive that can slide axially. Thus, part of the ogive can be pushed axially forward when the internal pressure increases, so that the venting channels remain unobstructed. Document DE 10 2014 013 316 A1 shows a ogive with a fusible linking element. Thus, the ogive, including the fuze, can be released without high pressure when heating occurs, so that the explosive charge can be pushed forward and released. In the case of such removable or sliding ogives, the structure of the projectile casing—that is, the structure that must be resistant to firing—is more complex and consists of a comparatively large number of individual parts. Description of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to enable, using simple manufacturing methods, the relief of internal pressure that may exist within the projectile's casing. It is desirable that the projectile's performance not be negatively affected. Firing resistance must also be maintained.

[0008] The goal is achieved by the present invention thanks to a projectile having the characteristics below.

[0009] The projectile has a projectile envelope extending along a median longitudinal axis and having (at the front in the firing direction) a projectile nose (ogive) with a front opening (muzzle). The front opening can be closed or is closed by means of a closing screw (unprimed state).

[0010] Inside the projectile casing, an explosive charge centering tube (muzzle sleeve) is fixed adjacent to and aligned with the front opening. At least one explosive charge (amplifying charge), delimited (outwardly) by an explosive charge cup, is arranged in the tube.

[0011] A predefined rupture point is formed at the bottom of the explosive charge centering tube opposite the front of the projectile. At least one degassing channel, establishing a circulation link between a first internal space section located at the bottom of the explosive charge centering tube and a second internal space section of the explosive charge centering tube, is formed at the explosive charge cup. The second internal space section is arranged on the side of the explosive charge facing the front of the projectile (opposite the bottom of the explosive charge centering tube).

[0012] Instead of pressure relief by shearing of the projectile's base thread or a thin-walled projectile casing, the present invention provides pressure relief occurring towards the front of the projectile or the ogive through manufacturing modifications at the explosive charge level. Thus, an existing internal pressure (caused by volumetric expansion during heating and possibly by the formation of gaseous reaction products) can be reduced or dissipated if a limit value (internal pressure limit value) is exceeded via a predefined breaking point at the bottom of the explosive charge centering tube and one or more degassing channels located at the explosive charge cups.Thus, the overpressure, for example, pressurized gas, located behind the explosive charge centering tube in the firing direction, can, thanks to the predefined rupture point and at least one degassing channel, be guided forward in the firing direction into a second section of internal space and / or into a space located between the explosive charge centering tube and the closing screw. This reduces the internal pressure, which helps to minimize the risk of damage to personnel and equipment in hazardous scenarios, such as fire. Furthermore, the influence of these pressure relief measures on the projectile's effectiveness and firing safety is minimized. As stated above, the present invention fulfills its purpose when the projectile is not primed.

[0013] If, in addition to the above measures, a locking screw is used, which is configured to partially or completely yield in the event of exceeding a defined (internal) pressure limit value, for example by shearing of the thread or melting of the locking screw as a whole, complete dissipation of the internal pressure can occur through the front opening (mouth). Regardless of Therefore, the locking screw may have an eyelet section through which the projectile can be manipulated. In other words, the locking screw can be made in the form of an eyelet screw or a locking screw with a lifting ring.

[0014] The projectile may be an explosive projectile with a housing for a warhead fuze. The explosive charge(s) may respectively be an amplifier charge used to initiate a main explosive charge. The projectile may have a caliber of 105 mm, 152 mm, or 155 mm (millimeters).

[0015] The explosive charge cup delimits the explosive charge respectively outwards (radially) and preferably also forwards (towards the front side, i.e., in the firing direction) and rearwards. In other words, the explosive charge is at least partially, preferably completely, enclosed by the explosive charge cup.

[0016] The projectile casing may have, at the rear in the firing direction, an opening (base side) at which the projectile casing is provided with an internal thread. A projectile base may be provided having an external thread corresponding to the internal thread. The projectile base can be screwed into the opening and closes the opening of the projectile casing when screwed in.

[0017] The explosive charge centering tube can be screwed into the projectile casing (from the opening on the bottom side). The projectile casing may have an internal thread, and the explosive charge centering tube may have a corresponding external thread. Once screwed in, the explosive charge centering tube is fixed to the projectile casing. The explosive charge centering tube may have, after the external thread, a (radial) collar projecting outwards, onto which a seal, for example an O-ring, is fixed. A lug may be fixed to the projectile casing, against which the explosive charge centering tube rests when screwed in.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the explosive charge centering tube may have an annular groove (safety ring groove) in the second internal space section, in which a safety ring, in particular a spring ring, is arranged. Displacement of the explosive charge(s) toward the front opening can be limited by means of the safety ring. Preferably, the explosive charge(s) can bear against the safety ring, so that the safety ring immobilizes the explosive charge(s) toward the front opening. If a maximum internal or storage temperature is exceeded in the projectile casing due to heating, displacement and / or longitudinal expansion of the explosive charge may occur. This releases the safety ring from the annular groove and thus allows displacement of the explosive charge toward the front opening.In other words, as long as an internal or storage temperature. If the maximum temperature of the projectile is not exceeded, the safety ring retains the explosive charge(s) in position and allows movement of the explosive charge after exceeding the maximum storage temperature.

[0019] Advantageously, the explosive charge centering tube is designed such that the explosive charge(s) (after the safety ring has been released) can be moved within the explosive charge centering tube towards the front opening. This not only facilitates the mounting of the explosive charge but also promotes a reduction in internal pressure by allowing the explosive charge(s) to expand lengthwise and / or move towards the front opening. Specifically, the explosive charge(s) can be adapted to the cross-section of the explosive charge centering tube. Furthermore, the explosive charge centering tube can be configured so that a certain length of (free) tube is still available between the annular groove and the front opening.

[0020] Appropriately, the predefined breaking point can be formed by one or more (geometric) notches in the bottom of the explosive charge centering tube. Such notches represent easily achievable, predefined breaking points. This allows the bottom of the explosive charge centering tube to break at the defined geometric notch(s) after exceeding the shear strength through internal pressure applied to the bottom of the projectile casing. The notches can be arranged on the side of the bottom of the explosive charge centering tube facing the projectile's front. One or more notches can be arranged circularly or define a circular shape (the circular shape can be interrupted by several notches to create individual circular sections or circular annular sections).

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the degassing channel(s) can be designed as a recess or a flat surface formed in the explosive charge chamber and open (radially outwards) towards the explosive charge centering tube. Thus, one or more venting channels can be formed in a simple manufacturing manner by simply creating a recess or a flat surface in the explosive charge chamber. The recess or flat surface is delimited inwards (radially) by the explosive charge chamber and outwards (radially) by the explosive charge centering tube. The recess or flat surface extends along a longitudinal profile direction, the longitudinal profile direction optionally being oriented parallel to the median longitudinal axis (in the assembled state).In principle, it is conceivable that the hollow or flat surface formed in the explosive charge basin has a rectangular cross-section (base and two lateral walls). A flat surface (section . A flat surface extending along the longitudinal direction of the profile at the explosive charge well (for example, a milling on a lateral surface of the explosive charge well) or a design with a negative (concave) curve in the form of a recess (a recess with a rounded concave cross-section) is preferred. Specifically, an explosive charge well may have several recesses or flat surfaces distributed around its periphery, particularly at equal angles or distances. In particular, two recesses or flat surfaces may be formed on the explosive charge well. These may be formed opposite each other on the explosive charge well.

[0022] Advantageously, two explosive charges can be arranged in the explosive charge centering tube, each being limited (outwardly) by an explosive charge cup. This increases the projectile's flexibility, as one or both explosive charges can be used as required (projectile application). Replacing an explosive charge with one suited to a particular application is also, in principle, possible.

[0023] For two explosive charges in the explosive charge centering tube, one or more recesses or flats may be formed on two explosive charge cups, as described above. For a degassing channel with sufficient flow properties, it is advantageous for the recesses or flats on the two explosive charge cups to be formed and / or aligned so as to be aligned. Optionally, a groove section (groove section on the front side) may be formed on at least one of the two explosive charges at its explosive charge cup, preferably at both explosive charge cups, which groove section connects at least two of the recesses or flats of said explosive charge cup.Consequently, a degassing channel with sufficient circulation is also provided when the recesses or flats are not aligned with each other at the explosive charge recesses of adjacent explosive charges. The groove section(s), facing the other respective explosive charge, is / are specifically formed on the front face of the explosive charge recess. Optionally, a retaining strip can be guided through the recesses or flats and the groove section, located on the front side, of an explosive charge recess. This allows for easy removal of the explosive charge from the projectile casing.

[0024] In principle, it is conceivable that the cross-section of the explosive charges coincide and / or that the explosive charge centering tube has, in particular continuously, a portion of uniform cross-section for the (appropriate) reception of the explosive charges. Thus, explosive charges with a matching cross-section can be used in the charge centering tube. explosive, whether they are arranged in the explosive charge centering tube at the front in the firing direction or at the rear in the firing direction.

[0025] Appropriately, the explosive charges may differ in their cross-section and / or the explosive charge centering tube may have two sections (receiving sections) of different cross-sections for the (appropriate) reception of an explosive charge. This contributes to increased projectile flexibility, as it is possible to use explosive charges of different dimensions that may (appropriately) be accommodated in the explosive charge centering tube. Interchangeability is also possible. Preferably, the explosive charge or the corresponding receiving section has, at the front in the firing direction, larger external dimensions, in particular a larger external diameter, than the explosive charge or the corresponding receiving section at the rear in the firing direction.

[0026] Specifically, a main charge can be arranged inside the projectile casing on the side of the explosive charge centering tube located opposite the front of the projectile. The main charge allows for a corresponding effect to be achieved on the target. The main charge can, in particular, be an explosive charge. The main charge can be pushed or poured into the projectile casing. As mentioned above, the projectile casing (at the rear in the firing direction) can have an opening that can be closed by means of a screw-on projectile base. The main charge can therefore be introduced through this opening (when the projectile base is removed).

[0027] In principle, it is conceivable that the explosive charge centering tube be surrounded at least axially outwards (radially) by a gas, for example, air. This simplifies the projectile design, particularly in the case of a poured main charge or a poured explosive charge. Alternatively, the explosive charge centering tube can be surrounded at least axially outwards (radially) by the main charge (explosive charge). This can be easily implemented, particularly in the case of a poured main charge or a poured explosive charge. A cavity between the main charge and the explosive charge centering tube can thus be reduced or avoided.

[0028] Advantageously, the explosive charge centering tube can be surrounded, at least axially in sections, by a filling material, in particular a silicone material. In this way, any cavity that may be present in the projectile casing at the explosive charge centering tube can be easily filled, regardless of the design of the main charge (poured or driven in). Optionally, the filling material can cover the explosive charge centering tube towards the main charge and, if necessary, present a surface of a flat end. A defined counter-surface, possibly flat, is then created for the main load.

[0029] As mentioned above, a locking screw can be used as a locking screw, which is configured to partially or completely fail if a defined (internal) pressure limit value is exceeded, for example, by shearing of the thread or by melting of the locking screw as a whole (for example, due to a plastic design). Because the locking screw fails, the front opening (mouth) is at least partially left open. Thus, the internal pressure within the projectile casing can be dissipated outwards (without a pressure relief element).

[0030] Alternatively, the closing screw may have a passage in which a pressure-relieving element is arranged. Preferably, the pressure-relieving element is configured such that it gives way or releases at least partially if a defined (internal) pressure limit value is exceeded (for example, due to the plastic design). The passage within the closing screw is thus at least partially unobstructed, so that the internal pressure within the projectile casing can be dissipated outwards.

[0031] Alternatively, it is conceivable that the closing screw could be made as described in US document 2017 / 016705 AL Brief description of the drawings

[0032] The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures, identical or functionally identical elements being designated by identical numerical references, where appropriate only once. It can be seen that:

[0033] [Fig. 1] an embodiment of a projectile in longitudinal section;

[0034] [Fig.2] a partial enlarged view of the projectile of [Fig.1] in the region of the front opening;

[0035] [Fig.3] a further enlarged partial view of the projectile of [Fig.1] according to section III of the [Fig.2];

[0036] [Fig.4] the explosive charge cups of the projectile of [Fig.1] according to a view in from this perspective, the explosive charge chambers are adjacent to each other; and

[0037] [Fig.5] the explosive charge cups of the projectile of the [Fig.1] according to a view in perspective in a state spaced apart from each other Detailed description of the invention

[0038] Fig. 1 shows, in longitudinal section, an embodiment of a projectile, the projectile being designated as a whole by the numerical reference 10.

[0039] The projectile 10 has a projectile envelope 12 which extends along a median longitudinal axis M and which (at the front in the firing direction S) has a front of projectile 14. The envelope of projectile 12 delimits an interior of projectile 16 and is made in the example with a rotational symmetry.

[0040] The projectile casing 12 narrows towards the front of the projectile 14. A front opening 18 (mouth) closed by means of a closing screw 20 is formed at the front of the projectile 14. In the example, the closing screw 20 has an eyelet section 22 through which the projectile 10 can be manipulated. In other words, the closing screw 20 is made in the form of a closing screw with a lifting ring.

[0041] In the rear region of the projectile casing 12, guide and / or sealing rings 24 are arranged. On the side opposite the front of the projectile 14, a rear projectile portion 26 is provided and is screwed to the projectile casing 12. The rear projectile portion 26 forms a rear projectile section. Optionally, the rear projectile section 26 may have an integrated gas generator 27.

[0042] The projectile casing 12 has along the central longitudinal axis M, opposite (at the rear in the firing direction S) the front of the projectile 14, an opening 30 at the level of which the projectile casing 12 is provided with an internal thread 32. On the rear side towards the internal thread 32 (at the rear in the firing direction S) is another internal thread 34 for fixing the rear part of the projectile 26.

[0043] A projectile base insert 36 is provided having an external thread 38 which corresponds to the internal thread 32 of the projectile casing 12. The projectile base insert 36 is according to the present invention screwed into the internal thread 32 and closes the opening 30.

[0044] The additional structure of the projectile is described using Figures 2 to 5.

[0045] Inside the projectile casing 16 is arranged a main charge 40 acting as a payload, which may, for example, be an explosive charge. An explosive charge centering tube 42 (muzzle sleeve) is further fixed inside the projectile casing 12, in the immediate vicinity of the front opening 18 and in alignment with the front opening 18.

[0046] In the example, the explosive charge centering tube 42 (before the introduction of the main charge 40 and any coating mass) is inserted into the internal space of the projectile 16 through the opening 30 and screwed into the projectile casing 12. Thus, the projectile casing 12 has an internal thread 44 and the explosive charge centering tube 42 has a corresponding external thread 46. When screwed in, the explosive charge centering tube 42 is fixed to the projectile casing 12.

[0047] In the example, the explosive charge centering tube 42 has, following the external thread 46, a collar 48 projecting outwards (radially) at the level into which a seal 49, for example an O-ring, is fitted. A heel 50, against which the explosive charge centering tube 42 rests when screwed in, is fitted against the projectile casing 12.

[0048] In the example, the explosive charge centering tube 42 is surrounded by the filling mass 52, in particular by a silicone mass, according to the present invention including from the bottom 54 of the explosive charge centering tube 42 to the collar 48. The filling mass 52 covers the explosive charge centering tube 42 towards the main charge 40 and optionally has a flat end surface 56.

[0049] Two explosive charges 60, 62 are arranged by way of example in the explosive charge centering tube 42, each being delimited, both laterally outwards (envelope side) and at the ends (front side) by an explosive charge cup 64, 66. In other words, the explosive charges 60, 62 are completely enveloped by their explosive charge cup 64, 66. The explosive charges 60, 62 represent an amplification charge enabling the initiation of the main charge 40.

[0050] As indicated above, the explosive charge centering tube 42 has the bottom 54 opposite the front of the projectile 14. A predefined breaking point 68 is formed at the bottom 54.

[0051] In the example, two degassing channels 70, 72 are made at the level of the explosive charge bowls 64, 66, which create a circulation link between a first section of internal space 74 located at the level of the bottom 54 of the explosive charge centering tube 42 and a second section of internal space 76 of the explosive charge centering tube 42 arranged on the side of the explosive charges 60, 62 which is turned towards the front of the projectile 14 (opposite the bottom 54).

[0052] The explosive charge centering tube 42 has in the second internal space section 76 an annular groove 78 in which is arranged a safety ring 79, in particular an elastic ring.

[0053] The explosive charge 62 (front) rests against the safety ring 79, so that the safety ring 79 immobilizes the explosive charges 60, 62 towards the front opening 18. As long as an internal or maximum storage temperature of the projectile 10 is not exceeded, the safety ring 79 retains the explosive charges 60, 62 in position and allows a movement of the explosive charges 60, 62 after exceeding the maximum storage temperature (the safety ring 79 is released out of the annular groove 78).

[0054] The explosive charge centering tube 42 is designed such that the explosive charges 60, 62 (after release of the safety ring 79) can slide within the explosive charge centering tube 42 towards the front opening 18. According to the present invention, the explosive charges 60, 62 are adapted to the cross-section of the explosive charge centering tube 42. Furthermore, the tube of explosive charge centering 42 is configured in such a way that a certain length of tube (free) is still available from the annular groove 78 in the direction of the front opening 18.

[0055] The predefined breaking point 68 is formed by one or more notches located at the bottom 54 of the explosive charge centering tube 42 and arranged in the example on the side of the bottom 54 of the explosive charge centering tube 42 which is turned towards the front of the projectile 14. One or more notches may be arranged in a circular manner or define a circular shape, as explained above.

[0056] In the example, the degassing channels 70, 72 are respectively designed as recesses 80, 81 formed in the explosive charge well 64, 66 and open (radially outwards) towards the explosive charge centering tube 42. A design of the degassing channels 70, 72 with flats is also conceivable. The recesses 80, 81 are delimited inwards (radially) respectively by the appropriate explosive charge well 64, 66 and outwards (radially) by the explosive charge centering tube 42.

[0057] The recesses 80, 81 extend respectively along a longitudinal direction of profile N, the longitudinal direction of profile N being in the example oriented parallel to the median longitudinal axis M. According to the present invention, the recesses 80, 81 are provided with a negative (concave) rounding (rounded concave section groove).

[0058] In the example, respectively two recesses 80, 81 arranged opposite each other at the level of the explosive charge cup are made at the level of the explosive charge cup 64, 66 (in figures 4 and 5, the "lower" recesses are masked and are not shown for reasons of clarity).

[0059] With regard to proper flow properties, the recesses 80, 81 located at the level of the two explosive charge wells 64, 66 are formed and / or oriented so as to be aligned with each other (see [Fig. 4]). In the example, a groove section 82 (groove section 82 on the front side) connecting the recesses of said explosive charge well 66 is formed on the explosive charge 62 at the level of its explosive charge well 66.

[0060] According to the present invention, the explosive charges 60, 62 differ in their cross-section. The explosive charge centering tube 42 has two receiving sections (without numerical references) of different cross-sections, allowing for the reception of an explosive charge 60, 62 respectively. The explosive charge 62 or the corresponding receiving section has, at the front in the firing direction S, external dimensions greater than those of the explosive charge 60 or the corresponding receiving section at the rear in the firing direction S.

[0061] In principle, a closing screw configured to yield partially or completely in the event of exceeding a defined (internal) pressure limit value in the internal space of projectile 16 can be used as a closing screw 20.

[0062] In the example, the closing screw 20 has a passage 84 in which a pressure relief element 86 is arranged (see [Fig. 2]). The pressure relief element 86 is designed such that it yields or releases at least partially if a defined (internal) pressure limit value is exceeded. Internal pressure within the projectile casing 12 can then be dissipated outwards.

[0063] The projectile 10 and the proposed pressure relief measures function as follows:

[0064] If the internal or storage temperature of the projectile 10 increases, the projectile 10 and the components within the projectile casing 12 heat up. The explosive charges 60, 62 undergo longitudinal expansion as a result of heating, so that the safety ring 79 is expelled or released from the annular groove 78 if the maximum internal or storage temperature of the projectile 10 is exceeded.

[0065] If additional heating occurs, the bottom 54 of the explosive charge centering tube 42 breaks at the predefined breaking point 68 (defined geometric notches) after exceeding the shear strength by the applied (internal) pressure (the internal pressure is represented by the arrows in [Fig.2]).

[0066] The internal pressure of the main charge 40 (explosive charge) is dissipated by means of the expansion towards the open bottom 54 of the explosive charge centering tube 42. The reaction products in the form of gases propagate towards the open bottom 54 of the explosive charge centering tube 42.

[0067] The degassing channels 70, 72 (recesses 80) located at the level of the explosive charge cup 64 allow the first reaction products to escape towards the explosive charge cup 66 forward in the firing direction S. The degassing channels 70, 72 (recesses 81) located at the level of the explosive charge cup 64 allow the first reaction products to escape forward of projectile 14 forward in the firing direction S.

[0068] The explosive charges 64, 66 are compressed towards the front opening 18 or the closing screw 20 due to internal pressure. The recesses 80, 81 (in addition to establishing a circulation connection) prevent the explosive charge cups 64, 66 from becoming blocked in the explosive charge centering tube 42 during the (radial) crushing of the explosive charge centering tube 42 by the applied pressure (see the lateral arrows on [Fig.2]).

[0069] Pressure relief or expulsion of the explosive occurs inside the explosive charges 60, 62 through the front opening 18, for example through the passage 84 of the closing screw 20, as described above.

Claims

Demands

1. Projectile (10), comprising a projectile casing (12) extending along a median longitudinal axis (M) and having a projectile nose (14) with a front opening (18), wherein the front opening (18) can be closed or is closed by means of a closing screw (20), wherein an explosive charge centering tube (42) is fixed inside the projectile casing (12) adjacent to and aligned with the front opening (18), at least one explosive charge (60, 62) delimited by an explosive charge cup (64, 66) being arranged in the tube, characterized in that a predefined rupture point (68) is made at the level of a bottom (54), opposite the projectile nose (14), of the explosive charge centering tube (42) and in that at least one channel of degassing (70, 72) is carried out at the level of the explosive charge pit (64, 66),which degassing channel creates a circulation link between a first internal space section (74) located at the bottom (54) of the explosive charge centering tube (42) and a second internal space section (76) of the explosive charge centering tube (42) which is arranged on the side of the explosive charge (60, 62) facing the front of the projectile (14).

2. Projectile (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive charge centering tube (42) has in the second internal space section (76) an annular groove (78) in which a safety ring (79) is arranged.

3. Projectile (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the explosive charge centering tube (42) is made in such a way that the explosive charge(s) (60, 62) can be moved in the explosive charge centering tube (42) in the direction of the front opening (18).

4. Projectile (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predefined breaking point (68, 26) is achieved at the bottom (54) of the explosive charge centering tube (42) by means of one or more notch(s).

5. Projectile (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the degassing channel or channels (70, 72) are respectively made in the form of a obviously or a flat (80, 81) which is made in the explosive charge cup (64, 66) and is open towards the explosive charge centering tube (42).

6. Projectile (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two explosive charges (60, 62), respectively limited by an explosive charge cup (64, 66), are arranged in the explosive charge centering tube (42).

7. Projectile (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross-section of the explosive charges (60, 62) coincide and / or in that the explosive charge centering tube (42) has a part whose uniform cross-section allows to accommodate the explosive charges (60, 62).

8. Projectile (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the explosive charges (60, 62) differ in their cross-section and / or in that the explosive charge centering tube (42) has two parts whose different cross-section allows to accommodate respectively an explosive charge (60, 62).

9. Projectile (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a main charge (40) is arranged inside the projectile casing (12) on the side of the explosive charge centering tube (42) that is opposite the front of the projectile (14).

10. Projectile (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the explosive charge centering tube (42) is enclosed in sections at least axially by a filling mass (52).

11. Projectile (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing screw (20) has a passage (84) in which a pressure relief element (86) is arranged.

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