A modular building riser

Abstract

A modular building riser 1 comprises at least a lower pre-assembled riser sub-assembly 3a, 3b and an upper riser sub-assembly 3d, 3e. The lower and upper sub-assemblies comprise frameworks attached to

Description

Technical Field The present invention relates to a modular building riser comprising a number of pre-assembled modules (PAMs) that can be stacked on top of each other on-site and installed into a building as one. The riser is for carrying services conveyed by conveying components within a building that has two or more storeys and the conveying components include a ventilation system including looped supply ducts and looped extraction ducts. Background It is necessary to distribute conveying components throughout a building, both vertically and horizontally, in order to get services such as electrical power, water, medical gasses and ventilation to the parts of the building that need them. The services might first enter a building on the ground floor and initially pass upwardly, such as a water supply, or they might run downwardly from the roof of a building, for example, a ventilation supply duct connected to a heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) air-handling unit on a roof of a building. The conveying components spread horizontally outwardly within the building to service the different rooms within the building, typically different rooms on different floors. In conventional building methods, once a building has been constructed the service networks of conveying components are installed in a time consuming and costly way. Installing plant equipment, such as HVAC systems, electrical generators and the like, on the roof of a facility rather than inside a facility can save space, provide easier access for installation, maintenance and inspection and make it easier to reconfigure the facility by adding, removing or replacing plant equipment as needed, but it can have several disadvantages. It can increase project cost, complexity and duration by requiring a bespoke design and installation to connect plant equipment with services on the roof and to the service network inside the facility. It can also make the facility less easily reconfigurable. There is therefore a need to provide a system that addresses some or all of the above-described disadvantages. In relation to the present invention, the modular building system approach is used to provide a modular building riser. Summary of the Invention In accordance with a first aspect of the invention there is provided a modular building riser for installation in a building, comprising at least a lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly and an uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly, wherein the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly is located above the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly, the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprising a first framework and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprising a second framework and the first framework is attached to the second framework directly or indirectly, wherein a first plant room is located within the first framework and a second plant room is located within the second framework, each of the first plant room and the second plant room containing conveying components, wherein a first conveying component that is located within and attached to the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly is connected to a second conveying component that is located within and attached to the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly, the first conveying component having a first interface and the second conveying component having a second interface, the first interface and the second interface for connection to a conveying component provided in the building. A modular building riser according to the present invention is advantageous for example because the provision of a plant room within a riser sub-assembly (within a riser module) facilitates independent access to plant at each floor of the building thus enabling different tenants to have access to their plant equipment, without access to the plant equipment of other tenants. Preferably, the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module or comprises two or more riser modules. Preferably, the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module or comprises two or more riser modules. Utilisation of sub-assemblies provides flexibility to the manufacturing and assembly process. If two or more riser modules can be assembled off-site, for example at the factory prior to transportation, then this reduces the amount of assembly work that needs to be undertaken on-site. This can help to reduce the time taken to construct a building. Preferably, the modular building riser further comprises a lid pre-assembled module located above the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly, the lid pre-assembled module comprising a third conveying component which is connected to the second conveying component. Use of a lid PAM facilitates sealing of the modular building riser to the building, for example so that it is watertight. Preferably, the modular building riser further comprises an intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly located between the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly and the uppermost pre-assembled riser module, the intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly having a third framework which is attached to the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly. The provision of one or more intermediate pre-assembled riser subassemblies enables the modular building riser to service all of the storeys within a building. Preferably, the intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module or comprises two or more riser modules. Preferably, the modular building riser further comprises a fourth conveying component which is connected to the first conveying component and the second conveying component. Preferably, the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly are each provided with an access wall having a means for accessing the first plant room and the second plant room through the first framework and the second framework. Preferably, the conveying components comprise a ventilation supply header comprising a first vertical supply header, a second vertical supply header and a horizontal supply header that connects the first vertical supply header to the second vertical supply header. Preferably, the conveying components comprise a ventilation extraction header comprising a first vertical extraction header, a second vertical extraction header and a horizontal extraction header that connects the first vertical extraction header to the second vertical extraction header. Preferably, the ventilation supply header is located on one side of the modular building riser and the ventilation extraction header is located on the opposite side of the modular building riser. Preferably, the first vertical supply header, the second vertical supply header, the first vertical extraction header and the second vertical extraction header are located adjacent to the first framework and the second framework. Preferably, the modular building riser is self-supporting. This is advantageous because it facilitates assembly of the modular building riser outside of a building, for example, so that it can be craned into a building in one piece. In accordance with a first aspect of the invention there is provided a building comprising a modular building riser, the building comprising a first storey and a second storey under a roof, the first storey having a first floorand the second storey having a second floor, a first room space located between the first floor and the second floor and a second room space located between the second floor and the roof, the first floor, the second floor and the roof each provided with a riser aperture, wherein the riser apertures are aligned with each other and the self-supporting modular building riser is located within the riser apertures, wherein the lowermost pre-assembled riser subassembly is aligned with the first room space and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly is aligned with the second room space. Preferably, the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises two riser modules and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises two riser modules and the modular building riser further comprises an intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module. Preferably, the building further comprises on its roof an AHU, an AHU supply header located above a lid PAM and a first lid PAM supply duct and a second lid PAM supply duct connected to the AHU supply header, an AHU extraction header located above the lid PAM and a first lid PAM extraction duct and a second lid PAM extraction duct connected to the AHU extraction header, wherein a first supply connection duct is connected between the AHU supply header and the AHU and a first extraction connection duct is connected between the AHU extraction header and the AHU. Brief Description of the Drawings Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings where like parts are provided with corresponding reference numerals and in which: Figure 1 is a perspective schematic view of a modular building riser according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial schematic elevation of a conventionally constructed building provided with a modular building riser, as shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a partial schematic plan view of one floor of the building of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a partial schematic plan view of the roof of the building of Figure 2; Figure 5 is a schematic elevation view of an intermediate riser module of the rise of Figure 1; Figure 6 is a schematic view of a modular building riser according to a second embodiment of the present invention shown in situ in an alternative floor arrangement of a building; and Figure 7 is a plan view of one module of the modular building riser showing the ventilation ducts and connections. Detailed Description Figure 1 is a perspective schematic view of a modular building riser 1 according to the present invention. It comprises a plurality of riser modules 3, in this case five riser modules 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and 3e, stacked vertically on top of each other so that the riser 1 takes the form of a column, with a rectangular cross-sectional profile. A lid pre-assembled module (PAM) 5 is located on top of the uppermost riser module 3e, in order to facilitate the passing of conveying components through the roof 7 of a building 9 into which the riser 1 is installed. Each riser module 3 corresponds to a floor of the building 9. The riser modules 3 have the same floor shape and dimensions as each other and thus the transverse cross-sectional profile of the riser 1 is constant over its height. The dimensions of the floor area are limited by the maximum size of a module that can be transported by road (typically a maximum width of 5m. The height of a riser module 3 is matched to the distance between the floor slabs 11 of the building 9 within which the riser 1 is to be fitted, as shown in Figure 2. The building 9 of Figure 2 is of conventional construction with the floor slabs 5 supported by a steel framework 13 (not shown for clarity). The building 9 is covered on its external sides by cladding 15 and at the top by the roof 7. A riser aperture 17 is provided in the roof 7 and in each of the floor slabs 11. The riser apertures 17 can be holes bounded on all sides by the roof 7 or by a floor slab 11, for example if the riser 1 is located centrally within the building 9, or can be a cut-out in the roof 7 or in the floor slab 11, for example if the riser 1 is located against one side of the building 9. The riser 1 can be located in any suitable location in the building 9, for example to one side, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, or located more centrally within the building 9 (not shown). Each floor has a ceiling 19 located between adjacent upper and lower floor slabs 11. A room space 21 is created between the lower floor slab 11 and the ceiling 19 and that room space 21 can be divided into rooms 23 using partitions 25. A services void 27 is created between the upper floor slab 11 and the ceiling 19. Laterally positioned service pre-assembled modules (PAMs) 29 are located within the services void 27 and the service PAMs 29 carry the conveying components required by the building 9, for example, supply and extraction ventilation ducts, water pipes and electrical cables carried in an electrical cable tray. Figure 3 shows in a plan view a schematic layout the services void 27 of a part of one floor of the building 9. The riser aperture 17 is located to the right-hand side of the building 9 and on its centreline. The room space 21 on the floor is divided into four rooms 23a,b,c,d, two on one half of the floor and two on the other half of the floor. Service PAMs 29 are located within the services void 27 and carry conveying components between the riser 1 and the rooms 23a,b,c,d. The conveying components shown in Figure 3 are ducts of the HVAC system of the building 9. There are ventilation supply ducts 31 and ventilation extraction ducts 33 which run horizontally to supply the rooms 23a,b,c,d. Supply inlets 35 and extraction outlets 37 are located within the ceilings 19 and are connected to the ventilation supply ducts 31 and ventilation extraction ducts 33 respectively, in order to facilitate the supply of air to the rooms 23a,b,c,d and the extraction of air from the rooms 23a,b,c,d. The conveying components can also comprise those associated with other services, such as water pipes and electrical cables. The ventilation supply ducts 31 and the ventilation extraction ducts 33 are connected to a ventilation supply header 39 and a ventilation extraction header 41, which are shown in Figure 3 and in more detail in Figure 1. The ventilation supply header 39 is located adjacent to one side of the riser 1 and the ventilation extraction header 41 is located adjacent to the opposite side of the riser 1. The ventilation supply header 39 comprises a first vertical supply header 43, a second vertical supply header 45 and a horizontal supply header 47 which connects the bottom ends of the first and second vertical supply headers 43, 45 so that the ventilation supply header 39 is in the form of a U-shaped duct, or looped duct. The first vertical supply header 43 is connected at its upper end to a first lid PAM supply duct 49 of the lid PAM 5. The second vertical supply header 45 is connected at its upper end to a second lid PAM supply duct 51. The first and second lid PAM supply ducts 49,51 are connected to an air handling unit (AHU) 53 (shown in Figure 4), which is located on the roof 7 of the building 9, by AHU supply ducts 54. First air supply outlets 55 are located on short supply duct extensions 56 running perpendicularly outwardly from the first and second vertical supply headers 43,45. The supply duct extensions 56 can be short because the first and second vertical supply headers 43,45 are located adjacent to the outside of the riser 1. The first air supply outlets 55 are positioned so that when the riser 1 is installed in the building 9 they are located within the services void 27 on each floor of the building 9 for connection to the supply ducts 31 carried by the service PAMs 29. The first air supply outlets 55 are all located so that they face outwardly from an access wall 57 of the riser 1. The access wall 57 provides access to the interior of the riser 1, for example to facilitate installation and maintenance of conveying components and / or plant equipment located within each of the riser modules 3a,b,c,d,e of the riser 1. The ventilation supply header 39 also comprises horizontal supply ducts 59 which are connected to and run perpendicularly from the first and second vertical supply headers 43,45 to a second air supply outlet 61. Figure 1 shows only one horizontal supply duct 59, in order to aid the clarity of the drawings (Figure 7 shows two horizontal supply ducts 59). However, each riser module 3a,b,c,d,e can be provided with at least one horizontal supply duct 59 and, where required to supply the building 9, two horizontal supply ducts 59 can be provided for each riser module 3a,b,c,d,e, on opposed sides of the riser 1. The second air supply outlet 61 is thus located adjacent to one of the walls that runs perpendicularly to the access wall 57. The ventilation extraction header 41 comprises a first vertical extraction header 63, a second vertical extraction header 65 and a horizontal extraction header 67 which connects the bottom ends of the first and second vertical extraction headers 63, 65 so that the ventilation extraction header 41 is in the form of a U-shaped duct, or looped duct. The first vertical extraction header 63 is connected at its upper end to a first lid PAM supply duct 69 of the lid PAM 5. The second vertical extraction header 65 is connected at its upper end to a second lid PAM extraction duct 71. The first and second lid PAM extraction ducts 69,71 are connected to the air handling unit (AHU) 53 by AHU extraction ducts 72. First air extraction inlets 73 are located adjacent to the first air supply outlets 55 so that they also face outwardly from the access wall 57 of the riser 1. The first air extraction inlets 73 are provided at the end of relatively long extraction duct extensions 75 running perpendicularly outwardly from the first and second vertical extraction headers 63,65. The supply duct extensions 75 are relatively long because the first and second vertical extraction headers 63,65 are located on the opposite side of the riser 1 to the access wall 57. The first air extraction inlets 73 are positioned so that when the riser 1 is installed in the building 9 they are located within the services void 27 on each floor of the building 9 for connection to the supply ducts 31 carried by the service PAMs 29. Figure 1 shows the supply duct extensions 75 and the first air extraction inlets 73 on the first floor of the building only, i.e. in riser module 3a, for the clarity of the drawing. Supply duct extensions 75 and first air extraction inlets 73 can be provided on each riser module 3a,b,c,d,e. The ventilation extraction header 41 also comprises short extraction duct extensions 77 that are connected to and run perpendicularly from the first and second vertical extraction headers 63, 65 to a second air extraction inlet 79. The second air extraction inlets 79 are located adjacent to the second air supply outlets 61. Each riser module 3a,b,c,d,e is provided with a short extraction duct extension 77 and a second air extraction inlet 79. Figure 1 illustrates the riser 1 with first air supply outlets 55 and first air extraction inlets 73 on a first side of the riser 1, i.e. the access wall 57, and with second air supply outlets 61 and second air extraction inlets 79 on a second, perpendicular, side of the riser 1. The present invention envisages that third air supply outlets and third air extraction inlets can be located on a third side of the riser 1 that side also being perpendicular to the access wall 57, as shown in Figure 7. Consequently, there is the potential to locate eight connections to the ventilation supply and extraction system on each floor of the building 9. There can be four connections on the first side of the riser 1, i.e. the access wall 57, for example two first air supply outlets 55 and two first air extraction outlets 73. There can be one second air supply outlet 61 and one second air extraction outlet 79 on a first side perpendicular to the access wall 57 and there can be one second air supply outlet 61 and one second air extraction outlet 79 on a second side perpendicular to the access wall 57. It is typically the case that an air supply outlet 55,61 will be provided in a pair with an air extraction inlet 73,79. However, this is not essential, a single air supply outlet 55,61 can be provided, or a single air extraction inlet 73,79 can be provided. If a floor of the building is not in use, or does not require ventilation, then all of the air supply outlets 55,61 and air extraction inlets 73,79 can be blanked off. It is more usual for somewhere between two and eight air supply outlets 55,61 and air extraction inlets 73,79 to be utilised, with the others being blanked off. There are no air supply outlets 55,61 and air extraction inlets 73,79 provided on the side of the riser modules 3 opposite to the side that acts as the access wall 57. The ventilation supply header 39 and the ventilation extraction header 41 are located adjacent to the walls of the riser modules 3 to create a central space within the riser modules 3 and to facilitate the running of other conveying components within the modular building riser 1. Figure 7 shows that all of the air supply outlets 55,61 and air extraction inlets 73,79 are located inside the steel framework 92 of the riser module 3a. The riser modules 3a,b,c,d,e have a plant room 81 within them that is allocated to plant equipment associated with the provision of services. Figure 5 is a schematic elevation view of riser module 3b and part of the adjoining riser modules 3a and 3c. The plant room 81 is accessed via doors 83. The doors 83 (shown in dotted lines) are located in the access wall 57 of the riser 1. Plant equipment such as building management service (BMS) panels, fire alarm panels, busbar tapoffs, energy management system (EMS) panels, data cabinets and pipework valve sets 85 and are located within the plant room 81. Water supply pipes 89 are suspended from the top of the riser module 3b and electrical cables 91 run within an electrical cable tray 93. The water supply pipes 89 and the electrical cables 91 can pass vertically through the riser 1 through the height of the building 9. Electrical busbars 96 run vertically within the riser 1 facilitating the connection of electrical equipment on each floor. Each plant room 81 therefore also contains an electrical panel. The first vertical supply header 43 and the first vertical extraction header 63 are positioned on one side of the riser modules 3a,b,c,d,e and the second vertical supply header 45 and the second vertical extraction header 65 are positioned on an opposite side of the riser modules 3a,b,c,d,e in order to create space for the plant room 81. Figure 5 shows that the riser modules 3 have a steel framework 92 made from hot rolled steel. Cladding 94 is placed on the external side of the steel framework 92 to enclose the space within the riser modules 3 and provide protection, insulation etc. The protection may include fire protection, or the building 9 can be constructed to provide a riser shaft around the riser apertures 17 that is a fireproof compartment. Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the AHU 53 and its ductwork on the roof 7 of the building 9. An AHU supply header 95 is located above the lid PAM 5 and the first and second lid PAM supply ducts 49,51 are connected to it. An AHU extraction header 97 is located above the lid PAM 5 and the first and second lid PAM extraction ducts 69,71 are connected to it. A first supply connection duct 99 is connected between the AHU supply header 95 and the AHU 53 and a first extraction connection duct 101 is connected between the AHU extraction header 97 and the AHU 53. Figure 4 also illustrates in dotted lines a second AHU 103 which could be added to the building 9 after its initial construction, for example if additional air handling capacity is needed. The second AHU 103 is connected to the AHU supply header 95 by a second supply connection duct 105 and is connected to the AHU extraction header 97 by a second extraction connection duct 107. In relation to the method of manufacture and assembly of the riser 1 this is carried out both off-site and on-site. The individual riser modules 3 are manufactured off-site in a factory. The riser modules 3 are equipped with all of the conveying components that have been specified and which can be fitted off-site. The riser modules 3 are then transported to site and off-loaded. The riser modules 3 can be transported separately, or two or more riser modules 3 can be connected together prior to transportation and transported as a sub-assembly. For example, riser module 3c could be transported on its own, and riser modules 3a and 3b could be connected together and transported as one sub-assembly and riser modules 3d and 3e could be connected together and transported as another sub-assembly. The modular building riser 1 would then be transported in three parts for a five storey building. If the modular building riser 1 has a height that is less than the maximum allowable transport length, then the modular building riser 1 can be built up from the riser modules 3 prior to transportation and transported in one piece. If the modular building riser 1 is transported in at least two pieces then the riser modules 3 are stacked on-site using a crane into the columnar modular building riser 1, with riser module 3a at the bottom followed by riser modules 3b,c,d,e in that order. The lid PAM 5 (which has also been manufactured off-site) is then attached to riser module 3e. The riser modules 3 and the lid PAM 5 are attached by bolts passed through their steel frameworks 92. The entire assembly is installed into the building 9 by lifting it with a crane and lowering it vertically through the riser apertures 17 provided in the roof 7 and in each of the floor slabs 11. The lowermost riser module 3a rest on the lowest slab of the building. The riser modules 3 are then attached to the building 9 by bolting their steel framework 92 to the steel framework 13 of the building 9. Alternatively, the riser modules 3 can be lowered into the building 9 individually, or in groups and then bolted together and bolted to the building 9. The first vertical supply header 43, the second vertical supply header 45, the first vertical extraction header 63 and the second vertical extraction header 65 are each formed from separate parts which are associated with the separate riser modules 3 and which separate parts are connected to each other when the modular building riser 1 is assembled on site. The ventilation duct work that is provided within the riser 1 is sized so that it can meet the air supply and air extraction requirements for the building 9 when the building 9 is fully occupied. It may be the case that the building 9 is not fully occupied when it first comes into use and providing capacity for future expansion at the time of manufacture simplifies the provision of that additional capacity when it is needed, for example when compared to having to introduce new conveying components into the building once it has come into use. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 to 5 and described above the access walls 57 and the doors 83 face into the occupied room spaces 21 of the building. Therefore, access to the plant rooms 81 is obtained from the room spaces 21. It may be desired for the plant rooms 81 to be accessed from a location other than a room space, for example from a stairwell of the building, as shown in Figure 6, which illustrates a modular building riser 201 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. A stairwell 109 with stairs 111 is located within the building 9 in a generally central location and the modular building riser 201 is located adjacent to the stairwell 109. The access wall 257 of the riser 201 is located adjacent to the stairwell 109 and the plant room 281 can be accessed via the doors 283. In this second embodiment the first air supply outlets 55 and the first air extraction inlets 73 are on the opposite side of the riser 201 to the access wall 57. In use of the building 9, each floor can be operated independently of the other floors, as a result of the structure and function of the modular building risers 1,201. The plant room 81 on each floor can also be accessed separately for the purposes of maintaining plant equipment located within it. 5 It is envisaged that more than one modular building riser 1,201 could be used within a building. Two or more risers 1,201 might be needed if the service requirements for the building cannot be accommodated within the maximum size of a riser 1,201 that can be transported to site. 10

Claims

1. A modular building riser (1,201) for installation in a building, comprising at least a lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly and an uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly, wherein the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly is located above the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly, the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprising a first framework (92) and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprising a second framework (92) and the first framework (92) is attached to the second framework (92) directly or indirectly, wherein a first plant room (81) is located within the first framework (92) and a second plant room (81) is located within the second framework (92), each of the first plant room (81) and the second plant room (81) containing conveying components (39,41), wherein a first conveying component (39,41) that is located within and attached to the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly is connected to a second conveying component (39,41) that is located within and attached to the uppermost pre-assembled riser subassembly, the first conveying component (39,41) having a first interface (55,73) and the second conveying component (39,41) having a second interface (55,73), the first interface (55,73) and the second interface (55,73) for connection to a conveying component provided in the building.

2. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module (3a) or comprises two or more riser modules (3a,3b).

3. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module (3e) or comprises two or more riser modules (3d,3e).

4. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, further comprising a lid pre-assembled module (15) located above the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly (3b), the lid pre-assembled module (15) comprising a third conveying component (49,51,69,71) which is connected to the second conveying component (39,41).

5. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprising an intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly located between the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly (3a) and the uppermost pre-assembled riser module (3e), the intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly having a third framework (92) which is attached to the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly.

6. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in claim 5, wherein the intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module (3b,3c,3d) or comprises two or more riser modules (3b,3c,3d).

7. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, comprising a fourth conveying component (39,41) which is connected to the first conveying component (39,41) and the second conveying component (39,41).

8. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly (3a) and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly (3e) are each provided with an access wall (57) having a means (83) for accessing the first plant room (81) and the second plant room (81) through the first framework (92) and the second framework (92).

9. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the conveying components (39,41) comprise a ventilation supply header (39) comprising a first vertical supply header (43), a second vertical supply header (45) and a horizontal supply header (47) that connects the first vertical supply header (43) to the second vertical supply header (45).

10. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the conveying components (39,41) comprise a ventilation extraction header (41) comprising a first vertical extraction header (63), a second vertical extraction header (65) and a horizontal extraction header (67) that connects the first vertical extraction header (63) to the second vertical extraction header (65).

11. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in claim 9 and claim 10, wherein the ventilation supply header (39) is located on one side of the modular building riser(1,201) and the ventilation extraction header (41) is located on the opposite side of the modular building riser (1,201).

12. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first vertical supply header (43), the second vertical supply header (45), the first vertical extraction header (63) and the second vertical extraction header (65) are located adjacent to the first framework (92) and the second framework (92).

13. A modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of the preceding claims which is self-supporting.

14. A building (9) comprising a modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 13, the building (9) comprising a first storey and a second storey under a roof (7), the first storey having a first floor (11) and the second storey having a second floor (11), a first room space (21) located between the first floor (11) and the second floor (11) and a second room space (21) located between the second floor (11) and the roof (7), the first floor (11), the second floor (11) and the roof (7) each provided with a riser aperture (17), wherein the riser apertures (17) are aligned with each other and the self-supporting modular building riser (1,201) is located within the riser apertures (17), wherein the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly (3a) is aligned with the first room space (21) and the uppermost pre-assembled riser subassembly (3e) is aligned with the second room space (21).

15. A building (9) comprising a modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in claim 14, wherein the lowermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises two riser modules (3a,3b) and the uppermost pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises two riser modules (3d,3e) and the modular building riser (1,201) further comprises an intermediate pre-assembled riser sub-assembly comprises a single riser module (3c).

16. A building (9) comprising a modular building riser (1,201) as claimed in claim 14 or claim 15, further comprising on the roof (7) of the building (9) an AHU (53), an AHU supply header (95) located above a lid PAM (5) and a first lid PAM supply duct (49) and a second lid PAM supply duct (51) connected to the AHU supply header (95), an AHU extraction header (97) located above the lid PAM (5) and a first lid PAM extraction duct (69) and a second lid PAM extraction duct (71) connected to the AHU extractionheader (97), wherein a first supply connection duct (99) is connected between the AHU supply header (95) and the AHU (53) and a first extraction connection duct (101) is connected between the AHU extraction header (97) and the AHU (53).IntellectualPropertyOfficeApplication GB2500450.8Search report under Section 17 of the Patents Act 1977Date search completed: 21 July 2025Claims searched: 1-16International classificationSubclass and subgroup Valid from E04B1 / 343 01 / 01 / 2006 E04B1 / 348 01 / 01 / 2006 E04C2 / 52 01 / 01 / 2006 H02G3 / 22 01 / 01 / 2006Field of searchWorldwide search of patent documents classified in the following areas of the IPC:E04B, E04F, H02G, F16L, E04CDatabases used in the preparation of this search report:SEARCH-PATENTDocuments considered to be relevantPatent literatureCategory Relevant Document of relevanceclaimsX 1-16 GB 2537375 A (E-RISER LTD), See Figures 7F-7L, 11 and 16, noting a building with utilities modules 58, conveying components 58 and interfaces 227 for connection into the building. X 1-16 US 2019 / 0136509 A1 (BINDER BETEILIGUNGS), See Figures 3 and 4 especially, noting a building formed from modules 100 with plant rooms 150, 160, conveying components 162 and branches 163 conveying utilities into the building. X 1-16 US 2014 / 0069035 A1 (INNOVATIVE BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES), See Figures, noting riser modules 101 for use in a building, the modules including utility conveying components 110, 111 with interfaces for supply into the building. X 1-13 CN 119123191 A (CHINA CONSTRUCTION SHENZHEN DECORATION), See Figures, noting building formed from modules 1 with plant rooms 11 and conveying components 2, 3 with connections 4, 5 between modules.CategoriesLetter or symbol Description X Document indicating lack of novelty or inventive step. Y Document indicating lack of inventive step, if combined with another document of the same category. & Member of the same patent family. A Document indicating technological background. P Document published on or after the priority date but before the filing date of the present application. E Earlier application published on or after the filing date of the present application.

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