An underground utility tunnel construction method using open-cut in the upper part and excavation machine construction in the lower part

Abstract

This invention provides a method for constructing an underground utility tunnel using an open-cut method with a tunnel boring machine (TBM) at the bottom. The method is carried out according to the following steps: (1) constructing the shield launching shaft and receiving shaft; (2) constructing the soil section of the utility tunnel; (3) constructing the upper cover of the utility tunnel using an excavator; (4) constructing the utility tunnel using precast reinforced concrete pipe sections, which are lifted into the assembly position by ground lifting equipment. After the pipe sections are installed and removed from the shield tail, backfilling material is simultaneously applied to the sides and bottom of the pipe sections. After removing from the shield tail, backfilling is carried out on the top of the pipe sections; (5) the rectangular shield tunneling machine advances along the designed route of the utility tunnel to the receiving shaft, the shield equipment is lifted out, and the structural and backfilling construction is completed, thus ending the construction. This invention combines the shield tunneling method with the open-cut method, solving the problems of large land area and slow construction speed in the open-cut construction of urban integrated utility tunnels. It has better adaptability and combines the advantages of low cost of the open-cut method and safety and efficiency of the shield tunneling method.

Description

This invention relates to a construction method for an underground utility tunnel using an open-cut method with a tunnel boring machine underneath.

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of urban underground engineering construction technology, specifically relating to a construction method for an underground utility tunnel using an open-cut method with a tunnel boring machine underneath. Background Technology

[0002] Urban underground integrated utility tunnels are a new type of urban municipal management infrastructure and one of the important symbols of modernization. They play a good demonstrative and promoting role in modernizing the urban environment and reducing repeated excavation of urban roads. The construction of underground integrated utility tunnels can meet the needs of achieving intensive urban development and comprehensive space utilization, expand urban development space, and build an efficient, ecologically low-carbon urban support system; effectively and intensively utilize the space under roads, saving land resources.

[0003] Currently, the main construction methods for integrated utility tunnels are: open-cut method and trenchless method. Open-cut excavation involves large-scale excavation, damaging the environment and significantly impacting ground infrastructure such as traffic and buildings. Noise and dust disturb the normal work and life of surrounding residents. Earthwork excavation and backfilling occupy a large amount of ground space. In cases of shallow groundwater, dewatering is required, and in cases of greater burial depth, foundation pit support is necessary. Construction has low mechanization and efficiency, and construction costs are high in special circumstances. However, its construction has low requirements for technology, equipment, and personnel, and it has a cost advantage in open suburban areas or newly built urban areas. Trenchless construction uses circular or rectangular shield tunneling equipment for underground excavation, which does not damage the surface environment, causes little disturbance to the strata, and has almost no impact on ground traffic and buildings. It has many advantages such as small construction site and high efficiency. However, its construction cost is high, and shallow overburden is not conducive to controlling strata stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art by providing a method for underground pipe gallery construction using open-cut excavation above and tunneling machine construction below. This method is highly adaptable, low-cost, safe, and efficient.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A method for constructing an underground utility tunnel with an upper open-cut excavation and a lower tunnel boring machine is carried out according to the following steps: (1) Construct a shield launching shaft and a receiving shaft so that the shield can be launched and received in these two shafts; (2) Use an open rectangular shield to construct part of the soil in the cross section of the utility tunnel. The rectangular shield tunnels along the designed route of the utility tunnel and provides forward thrust on the laid pipe sections through the action of hydraulic cylinders. Belt conveyor is used for slag removal. There are protective shields on both sides and the bottom of the shield tail to prevent the surrounding slag from entering; (3) The upper part of the utility tunnel is covered with soil by an excavator in an open-cut excavation; (4) The utility tunnel structure uses precast reinforced concrete pipe sections, which are lifted into the assembly position by a lifting device on the ground through the rear opening of the rectangular shield. When the pipe section is installed and removed from the shield tail, backfill material is simultaneously backfilled on the side and bottom of the pipe section. After the shield tail is removed, backfilling is carried out on the top of the pipe section; (5) The rectangular shield tunnels along the designed route of the utility tunnel to the receiving shaft and the shield equipment is lifted out. Construction is complete once the structure and backfilling are finished.

[0006] Preferably, the present invention is as follows: (1) The lower part of the integrated utility tunnel is excavated by a rectangular shield tunnel and the upper part is excavated by open excavation; (2) The pipe sections are precast reinforced concrete pipe sections; (3) After the pipe sections are assembled, the top is backfilled with slag; (4) The rectangular shield has shields on both sides of the shield tail and the bottom, and the top is open for the pipe sections to be hoisted in and installed; (5) There are retaining plates on both sides of the shield shell, and the retaining plates are inserted into the soil above and in front of the shield as temporary support for open excavation construction.

[0007] Further preferred, the present invention is as follows: (1) The rectangular shield size is designed according to the size of the integrated utility tunnel to ensure smooth assembly of the pipe sections; (2) The soil is excavated by the cutters arranged on the rectangular cutterhead; (3) It has a complete slag removal system; (4) The top of the shield tail is open, allowing the pipe sections to be hoisted in for assembly; (5) Retaining plates are set on the upper part and front of the shield machine to provide temporary support for the upper open excavation operation and pipe section installation; (6) The shield machine provides jacking force to advance the construction by means of hydraulic cylinders acting on the pipe sections. 1 HK 30137916 A

[0008] The present invention solves the problems of large land area and slow construction speed in open excavation construction of urban integrated utility tunnels. Compared with the prior art, this method has a high degree of mechanization and fast construction speed, and can complete the construction of underground utility tunnels in a small space. Compared with traditional methods, it can also greatly reduce environmental impact and construction risks, and has good economic benefits. This invention combines the shield tunneling method with the open-cut method, solving the problems of large land area and slow construction speed in open-cut construction of urban integrated pipe corridors. It has better adaptability, combining the advantages of low cost of the open-cut method and fast and efficient shield tunneling method, and has better adaptability. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the distributed excavation state of this invention.

[0011] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction process.

[0012] Wherein: 1. muck truck, 2. backhoe, 3. backfill soil, 4. transport truck, 5. crane, 6. bearing wall, 7. reaction frame, 8. backfill grouting, 9. pipe section, 10. muck discharge system, 11. shield tail, 12. cutterhead, 13. retaining plate, 14. launching shaft, 15. receiving shaft. Detailed Embodiments

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a method for constructing an underground utility tunnel with an upper open-cut excavation and a lower tunnel boring machine is carried out according to the following steps:

[0015] (1) Construct the shield launching shaft 14 and receiving shaft 15, so that the shield can complete the launching and receiving in the two vertical shafts;

[0016] (2) Use an open rectangular shield to construct part of the soil in the cross section of the utility tunnel. Depending on the geological conditions, a cutterhead 12 can be set or other cutting methods can be used. The rectangular shield tunnels along the designed route of the utility tunnel, and provides forward thrust on the laid pipe sections through the action of hydraulic cylinders. Belt conveyor is used for slag removal. The slag is discharged through the slag removal system 10 and the slag removal vehicle 1. There are protective shields on both sides and the bottom of the shield tail 11 to prevent the surrounding slag from entering;

[0017] (3) The upper part of the utility tunnel is covered with soil by an excavator in an open-cut excavation;

[0018] (4) The pipe gallery structure adopts precast reinforced concrete pipe sections 9, which are lifted into the assembly position by ground hoisting equipment through the rear opening of the rectangular shield. When the pipe section is installed and removed from the shield tail, backfill material is simultaneously backfilled on the side and bottom of the pipe section. After the shield tail is removed, earthwork backfilling is carried out on the top of the pipe section. The backfill soil 3 is filled by backfilling excavator 2 and transport truck 4.

[0019] (5) The rectangular shield tunnels along the designed line of the pipe gallery to the receiving shaft, the shield equipment is lifted out, the structure and backfilling construction are completed, and the construction is completed.

[0020] The side wall of the launching shaft 14 is a bearing wall 6, the launching shaft 6 is equipped with a reaction frame 7, and the cutterhead 12 is equipped with retaining plates 13 on both sides.

[0021] In this invention, the excavation size of the rectangular shield is consistent with the cross-sectional design size of the pipe gallery; there are protective shields on both sides and bottom of the shield tail, and the top is open for the installation of pipe sections; there are retaining plates on both sides of the shield shell, which are inserted into the soil in front of the shield as temporary support for open-cut construction.

[0022] In this invention, the cross-section of the pipe gallery is excavated using an open rectangular shield; the upper part of the pipe gallery is covered with soil using open-cut construction; the pipe sections are hoisted into the shield tail from the upper opening of the shield using lifting equipment to complete the assembly; the shield provides forward propulsion force through jacks acting on the pipe sections. 2 HK 30137916 A

[0023] The process principle of this invention:

[0024] 1. Stable strata during excavation: the shield construction relies on the thrust of the cutterhead to maintain a basic balance with the soil at the face; the open-cut construction relies on the retaining plates of the shield to maintain the basic stability of the soil on both sides.

[0025] 2. Grouting 8 behind the pipe section 9 to ensure ground stability: After the pipe section is installed inside the shield tail of the open shield machine, grouting material is used to perform a first grouting in the gap between the pipe section and the shield tail of the shield machine; along with the shield tail gap generated by the tunneling of the shield machine (equivalent to the thickness of the shield side plate and bottom plate), a second grouting is performed synchronously with the tunneling.

[0026] The construction sequence of the present invention is as follows: construct the launching shaft and receiving shaft → start tunneling through the launching shaft → shield excavation of the pipe gallery section, open excavation of the upper soil → pipe section installation → earthwork backfilling → shield tunneling continues to complete the next cycle → tunneling is completed and the shield arrives at the receiving position → complete the construction of the entire pipe gallery.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention also has the following advantages:

[0028] 1) It combines the economy of open-cut method with the safety of shield tunneling method, while avoiding the large-scale environmental interference of open-cut method. When the burial depth is large, it avoids the need for foundation pit support and the construction speed is faster;

[0029] 2) It can carry out construction with small turning radius;

[0030] 3) It can be constructed near residential buildings and other buildings;

[0031] 4) It can be constructed under complex geological conditions such as soft strata, aquifers, and isolated rock strata;

[0032] 5) Low noise and vibration;

[0033] 6) Small construction width range, less excavated soil, and environmentally friendly;

[0034] 7) It can treat the foundation of the pipe gallery;

[0035] 8) The equipment has good expandability and can be applied to fully mechanized tunneling construction after expansion.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. 3 HK 30137916 A Claim 1. A method for constructing an underground utility tunnel with an upper open-cut excavation and a lower tunnel boring machine, characterized by the following steps: (1) Constructing a shield launching shaft and a receiving shaft, so that the shield can launch and receive in these two shafts; (2) Using an open rectangular shield to construct part of the soil in the cross section of the utility tunnel, the rectangular shield excavates along the designed route of the utility tunnel, and provides forward thrust on the laid pipe sections through the action of hydraulic cylinders, using belt conveyor for slag removal, and having protective shields on both sides and bottom of the shield tail to prevent surrounding slag from entering; (3) The upper part of the utility tunnel is covered with soil by an excavator in an open-cut excavation; (4) The utility tunnel structure uses precast reinforced concrete pipe sections, which are lifted into the assembly position by ground lifting equipment through the rear opening of the rectangular shield. When the pipe section is installed and removed from the shield tail, backfilling material is simultaneously backfilled on the side and bottom of the pipe section. After removing from the shield tail, earthwork backfilling is carried out on the top of the pipe section; (5) The rectangular shield tunnel advances along the designed route of the utility tunnel to the receiving shaft, the shield equipment is lifted out, the structural and backfilling construction is completed, and the construction ends.2. The underground utility tunnel construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: (1) the lower part of the utility tunnel is excavated by a rectangular shield and the upper part is excavated by open excavation; (2) the pipe sections are precast reinforced concrete pipe sections; (3) after the pipe sections are assembled, the top is backfilled with slag; (4) the rectangular shield has shields on both sides and bottom, and the top is open for the installation of pipe sections; (5) there are retaining plates on both sides of the shield shell, and the retaining plates are inserted into the soil above and in front of the shield as temporary support for open excavation construction. 3. The underground utility tunnel construction method of the upper open-cut and lower tunneling machine construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: (1) the rectangular shield size is designed according to the integrated utility tunnel size to ensure smooth assembly of pipe sections; (2) the soil is excavated by the cutters arranged on the rectangular cutterhead; (3) it has a complete slag removal system; (4) the top of the shield tail is open, allowing pipe sections to be hoisted in for assembly; (5) retaining plates are set on the upper part and front of the shield machine to provide temporary support for the upper open-cut operation and pipe section installation; (6) the shield machine provides jacking force to advance forward through the hydraulic cylinders acting on the pipe sections. 1 HK 30137916 A Specification Drawings Figure 1 1 HK 30137916 A Figure 2 2 HK 30137916 A.

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