Tensile grip and tensile testing machine

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of tensile testing of materials, and discloses a tensile fixture and a tensile testing machine, including clamping components and a first baffle. Two clamping components are spaced apart along a first direction, each clamping component having a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the first direction. Each clamping component has a first cavity and a second cavity that are connected, the first cavity and the second cavity extending through one side of the clamping component along a second direction, and the second cavity extending through the first end along the first direction. Along a third direction, the first cavity has a first dimension L1, and the second cavity has a second dimension L2, where L1 > L2. The first baffle is connected to one side of each clamping component along the second direction, and the first baffle blocks part of the first cavity or part of the second cavity of each clamping component in the second direction. The tensile fixture of this utility model can improve the clamping stability of the testing machine on the specimen, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the test results. The tensile testing machine with the above-mentioned tensile fixture also has the above-mentioned advantages.

Description

1. Description of Tensile Fixture and Tensile Testing Machine Technical Field This utility model relates to the technical field of tensile testing of materials, and particularly to a tensile fixture and a tensile testing machine. Background Art In related technologies, when a testing machine clamps a specimen to perform a tensile test, the specimen may slip, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test results and reducing the testing efficiency. Summary of the Invention This utility model aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this utility model proposes a tensile fixture that can improve the clamping stability of the testing machine on the specimen, improve the accuracy of the test results and the testing efficiency. This utility model also proposes a tensile testing machine having the above-mentioned tensile fixture. The tensile fixture according to a first aspect embodiment of this utility model includes two clamping components and a first stop. Two clamping assemblies are spaced apart along the first direction. Each clamping assembly has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the first direction. Each clamping assembly has a first cavity and a second cavity that are connected. The first cavity and the second cavity extend through one side of the clamping assembly along the second direction. The second cavity extends through the first end along the first direction. The first cavity and the second cavity are used to mount a sample. At least a portion of the inner wall of the first cavity is used to abut against the sample. The second end is adapted to connect to an external device. Along the third direction, the first cavity has a first dimension L1, and the second cavity has a second dimension L2, wherein L1 > L2. A first baffle is connected to one side of each clamping assembly along the second direction. The first baffle blocks a portion of the first cavity or a portion of the second cavity of each clamping assembly in the second direction. The tensile clamp according to the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by accommodating the sample in the first cavity and the second cavity, and by having a portion of the inner wall of the first cavity abut against the sample, a portion of the sample size will be larger than the size of the first cavity, thereby preventing the sample from falling out of the first cavity and the second cavity along the first direction. Furthermore, the first baffle blocks part of the first cavity or second cavity of each clamping component in the second direction, so that the first baffle can limit the specimen in the circumferential direction, thereby improving the fixing stability of the tensile fixture on the specimen, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the test results.According to some embodiments of the present invention, each clamping assembly includes a connector and a clamping member connected together. The clamping member has a first cavity and a second cavity. Along the first direction, the first cavity extends through the side of the clamping member facing away from the connector, and the second end is located on the side of the connector facing away from the clamping member. The connector has a connecting cavity that extends through the side of the connector facing the clamping member along the first direction. A portion of the clamping member is movably disposed in the connecting cavity. The clamping member can move relative to the connector to change the distance between the clamping members of the two clamping assemblies. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the clamping member includes a limiting part and a clamping part connected together. The clamping part has a first cavity and a second cavity. The limiting part is movably disposed in the connecting cavity and can move relative to the connecting member to change the distance between the clamping parts of the two clamping assemblies. The limiting part abuts against the inner wall of the connecting cavity along the first direction. Along the third direction, the limiting part has a maximum third dimension L3, and the connecting cavity has a minimum fourth dimension L4, wherein L3 > L4. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the tension clamp further includes a second baffle. The second baffle is connected to one side of the connecting member along the second direction and covers at least a portion of the connecting cavity of the connecting member in the second direction. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second baffle extends towards the clamping member to form a protrusion. The protrusion is disposed in the connecting cavity, and the clamping member abuts against the inner wall of the connecting cavity and the protrusion on opposite sides along the second direction, respectively. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the clamping assembly further has a curved structure, which is disposed along the first direction at the communication point between the first cavity and the second cavity, and connected to the inner wall of the first cavity and the inner wall of the second cavity. The curved structure is used to abut against the sample. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the tensile clamp further includes a positioning member, which is disposed in the first cavity and used to abut against the sample. Along the second direction, the positioning member abuts against at least one of the inner wall of the first cavity and the first baffle. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the positioning member abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity and the first baffle on both sides along the second direction, respectively. The positioning member has a positioning groove, which extends along the first direction through the side of the positioning member facing the first end. The positioning groove connects the first cavity and the second cavity, and is used to accommodate the sample, abutting against the front and rear sides of the sample along the second direction.According to some embodiments of the present invention, the tensile clamp further includes a mounting member and a temperature sensor. The mounting member is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the clamping assembly, and the temperature sensor is connected to the mounting member. The temperature sensor is adapted to detect the test temperature of the clamping assembly. A tensile testing machine according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a machine body and the tensile clamp described in any of the above embodiments. The machine body has two spaced-apart mounting positions along the first direction; the tensile clamp is disposed along the first direction between the two mounting positions (HK 30137918 A 3), and the second ends of the two clamping assemblies are respectively connected to one of the mounting positions. Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, further illustrates the present invention, wherein: Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the tensile clamp in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping assembly from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view at AA in Figure 3 in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tensile clamp and the specimen in an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals: Tensile clamp 100; Clamping assembly 110; First end 111; Second end 112; First cavity 113; Second cavity 114; Connector 115; Connecting cavity 1151; Clamping member 116; Limiting part 1161; Clamping part 1162; First baffle 120; Second baffle 130; Protrusion 131; Bending structure 140; Positioning member 150; Positioning groove 151; Mounting member 160; Temperature sensor 170; First dimension L1; Second dimension L2; Third dimension L3; Fourth dimension L4; Sample 200. Detailed Description of Embodiments The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, and "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc., are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," "within," etc., are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is used in the description, it is only for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution. In the description of this utility model, the reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The tensile clamp of a first aspect embodiment and the tensile testing machine of a second aspect embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The first aspect embodiment of the present invention provides a tensile clamp 100, as shown in Figures 1 to 3. The tensile clamp 100 includes two clamping assemblies 110 and a first baffle 120. The two clamping assemblies 110 are spaced apart along a first direction. The clamping assemblies 110 are used to connect and fix a specimen 200. During the test, the two clamping assemblies 110 respectively connect the two ends of the specimen 200 along the first direction, applying tensile force to the specimen 200 to perform a tensile test. Each clamping assembly 110 has a first end 111 and a second end 112 disposed opposite to each other along the first direction. The first end 111 is the end of the clamping assembly 110 facing the specimen 200 along the first direction, and the second end 112 is the end of the clamping assembly 110 connected to an external device, which can be the body of a tensile testing machine. The clamping assembly 110 includes a first cavity 113 and a second cavity 114, which are interconnected and both penetrate one end of the clamping assembly 110 along the second direction, making one side of the clamping assembly 110 open and the other side closed. The specimen 200 and other components can be mounted and fixed to the clamping assembly 110 through the open side. Furthermore, the second cavity 114 penetrates the first end 111 along the first direction, making the opposite ends of the two clamping assemblies 110 along the first direction also open.When the sample 200 is assembled in the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114, a portion of the inner wall of the first cavity 113 will abut against the sample 200. Along a third direction, the first cavity 113 has a first dimension L1, and the second cavity 114 has a second dimension L2. The first dimension L1 is larger than the second dimension L2. Therefore, when the sample 200 abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity 113, the length of a portion of the sample 200 along the third direction will also be greater than the second dimension L2 of the second cavity 114. This causes the wall of the first cavity 113 to limit the sample 200 along the first direction, preventing the sample 200 from sliding out of the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114 along the first direction, thus improving the clamping stability of the clamping assembly 110 for the sample 200. HK 30137918 A 5 A first baffle 120 is connected to one side of each clamping assembly 110 along the second direction. The first baffle 120 shields a portion of the first cavity 113 or a portion of the second cavity 114 of each clamping assembly 110 in the second direction. In this embodiment, each clamping assembly 110 is connected to a first baffle 120. The first baffle 120 shields the first cavity 113 and / or the second cavity 114 of each clamping assembly 110 in the second direction, thereby preventing the sample 200 from sliding out of the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114 along the second direction, thus further improving the clamping stability of the clamping assembly 110 on the sample 200. In another embodiment, two clamping assemblies 110 may also be connected to the same first baffle 120. The first baffle 120 extends along the first direction to shield the first cavity 113 and / or the second cavity 114 of the two clamping assemblies 110. The tensile clamp 100 of this embodiment accommodates the specimen 200 through a first cavity 113 and a second cavity 114, with a portion of the inner wall of the first cavity 113 abutting against the specimen 200. This causes a portion of the specimen 200's dimensions to be larger than the dimensions of the second cavity 114, thereby preventing the specimen 200 from detaching from the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114 along the first direction. Furthermore, a first baffle 120 blocks portions of the first cavity 113 or the second cavity 114 of each clamping assembly 110 in the second direction to limit the specimen 200, thereby improving the stability of the tensile clamp 100 in fixing the specimen 200 and increasing the accuracy and efficiency of the test results.As can be understood, referring to Figures 1 and 2, each clamping assembly 110 includes a connecting member 115 and a clamping member 116 connected together. The clamping member 116 has the aforementioned first cavity 113 and second cavity 114. Along the first direction, the first cavity 113 penetrates the side of the clamping member 116 facing away from the connecting member 115, that is, the first end 111 is located on the side of the clamping member 116 facing away from the connecting member 115, and the second end 112 is located on the side of the connecting member 115 facing away from the clamping member 116. The connecting member 115 has a connecting cavity 1151 inside, which penetrates the side of the connecting member 115 facing the clamping member 116 along the first direction, and part of the clamping member 116 is movably disposed within the connecting cavity 1151. The clamping member 116 is movable relative to the connecting member 115 to change the spacing between the clamping members 116 of the two clamping assemblies 110. Specifically, the connecting cavity 1151 has an upper inner wall and a lower inner wall along a first direction, and the spacing between the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall along the first direction is greater than the height of the portion of the clamping member 116 housed within the connecting cavity 1151, allowing the clamping member 116 to move between the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall relative to the connecting member 115. Along the first direction, since the spacing between the two clamping members 116 needs to be adapted to the length of the test specimen 200, the movement of the clamping member 116 relative to the connecting member 115 can change the spacing between the two clamping members 116, thereby allowing the clamping distance between the two clamping members 116 to be adjusted according to specimens 200 of different lengths, increasing the applicability of the tensile clamp 100. Furthermore, by adjusting the distance between the two clamping members 116, the clamping members 116 can prevent them from exerting additional tension on the specimen 200 before the test begins, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the tensile test on the specimen 200 by the tensile fixture 100. In some technical solutions, referring to FIG2, the clamping member 116 includes a limiting part 1161 and a clamping part 1162 connected to each other. The clamping part 1162 has the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114 described above. The limiting part 1161 is movably disposed within the connecting cavity HK 30137918 A 6 1151. The limiting part 1161 can move relative to the connecting member 115 within the connecting cavity 1151 to change the distance between the clamping parts 1162 of the two clamping assemblies 110. The limiting part 1161 abuts against the inner wall of the connecting cavity 1151 along a first direction.Along the third direction, the limiting portion 1161 has a maximum third dimension L3, and the connecting cavity 1151 has a minimum fourth dimension L4. The third dimension L3 is greater than the fourth dimension L4, meaning that a portion of the limiting portion 1161 is greater than a portion of the inner wall dimension of the connecting cavity 1151. Specifically, the connecting cavity 1151 has an upper assembly cavity and a lower assembly cavity that communicate with each other. Along the third direction, the size of the upper assembly cavity is greater than the size of the lower assembly cavity, and the minimum fourth dimension L4 is a portion of the size in the lower assembly cavity. The lower assembly cavity is connected to the side of the connecting member 115 facing the clamping member 116, and the upper assembly cavity is located between the second end 112 and the lower assembly cavity along the first direction. The limiting portion 1161 includes a first part and a second part. The first part is accommodated in the upper assembly cavity, and the second part is accommodated in the lower assembly cavity. The maximum third dimension L3 is a portion of the size of the first part. When the connecting member 115 and the clamping member 116 are assembled, the first part abuts against the inner wall of the upper assembly cavity. Because the third dimension L3 is larger than the fourth dimension L4, the inner wall of the upper assembly cavity will limit the first part, preventing it from moving into the lower assembly cavity and avoiding it from sliding out of the lower assembly cavity through the opening of the first end 111. This improves the assembly stability of the clamping member 116 and the connecting member 115. Further, referring to Figures 1 and 4, in one possible embodiment, the tension clamp 100 further includes a second baffle 130. The second baffle 130 is connected to one side of the connecting member 115 of each clamping assembly 110 along the second direction, and the second baffle 130 blocks at least a portion of the connecting cavity 1151 of the connecting member 115 in the second direction. Specifically, in one example, the clamping member 116 includes a connected limiting portion 1161 and a clamping portion 1162. Each clamping assembly 110's connecting member 115 is connected to a second baffle 130. The second baffle 130 blocks at least a portion of the connecting cavity 1151 of the connecting member 115 in the second direction, thereby preventing the limiting portion 1161, housed within the connecting cavity 1151, from sliding out of the connecting cavity 1151 along the second direction. This further improves the assembly stability of the connecting member 115 and the clamping member 116. Simultaneously, since the clamping member 116 is used to clamp and fix the sample 200, the second baffle 130 also improves the clamping stability of the tensile jig 100 on the sample 200. In another embodiment, the connecting members 115 of the two clamping assemblies 110 can also be connected to the same second baffle 130, which extends along the first direction to block the connecting cavities 1151 of the two clamping assemblies 110.Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the second baffle 130 extends towards the clamping member 116 and forms a protrusion. The protrusion is disposed within the connecting cavity 1151. The clamping member 116 abuts against the inner wall of the connecting cavity 1151 and the protrusion on opposite sides along the second direction. In a specific embodiment, the clamping member 116 includes a limiting part 1161 and a clamping part 1162 connected together. The limiting part 1161 is accommodated within the connecting cavity 1151, and the clamping part 1162 is disposed outside the connecting cavity 1151 to clamp and fix the sample 200. The protrusion is disposed on the side of the second baffle 130 facing the connecting cavity 1151. When the second baffle 130 is connected to the connecting member 115, a portion of the second baffle 130 is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting member 115 by fasteners such as bolts, and the protrusion is accommodated within the connecting cavity 1151. Since the connecting cavity 1151 is closed on one side and open on the other side along the second direction, when the limiting part 1161 is assembled in the connecting cavity 1151, one outer wall of the limiting part 1161 will abut against the inner wall of the closed side of the connecting cavity 1151, and the other side will abut against the protrusion. The inner wall of the connecting cavity 1151 and the protrusion will jointly clamp the limiting part 1161 to prevent the limiting part 1161 from moving along the second direction in the connecting cavity 1151, thereby improving the assembly stability of the connector 115 and the clamping part 116. In some technical solutions, referring to Figure 2, the clamping assembly 110 further includes a curved structure 140. The curved structure 140 is disposed along a first direction at the connection between the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114, and the curved structure 140 is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity 113 and the inner wall of the second cavity 114. During the tensile test, the specimen 200 is assembled in the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114, and the peripheral wall of the specimen 200 abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity 113, the inner wall of the second cavity 114, and the curved structure 140. During the tensile process, the specimen 200 is subjected to a tensile force from the clamping assembly 110. Under the action of the tensile force, the interaction force between the specimen 200 and the inner walls of the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114 will increase. This allows the specimen 200 to abut against the curved structure 140, avoiding sharp parts at the connection between the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114 that could generate local stress on the specimen 200. This prevents the specimen 200 from breaking due to local stress, thereby improving the tensile stability of the tensile fixture 100 on the specimen 200 and promoting the accuracy of the tensile test results.It is understood that, referring to Figures 3 to 5, the tensile clamp 100 also includes a positioning element 150. The positioning element 150 is disposed within the first cavity 113 and abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity 113. The positioning element 150 is used to abut against the specimen 200 to restrict the movement of the specimen 200 within the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114. Along a second direction, the positioning element 150 abuts against at least one of the inner wall of the first cavity 113 and the first baffle 120. Specifically, one side of the first cavity 113 along the second direction is open, and the other side is closed. The positioning element 150 and the specimen 200 are jointly housed within the first cavity 113. The positioning element 150 abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity 113 and / or the first baffle 120. The positioning element 150 and the specimen 200 fill the first cavity 113. For example, in one example, the inner wall of the first cavity 113 abuts against the sample 200. Along the second direction, the positioning element 150 is positioned on the side of the sample 200 facing away from the inner wall of the first cavity 113. The inner wall of the first cavity 113, the sample 200, the positioning element 150, and the first baffle 120 are arranged and abut against each other sequentially along the second direction. The inner wall of the first cavity 113 and the first baffle 120 can limit the movement of the sample 200 and the positioning element 150 along the second direction, preventing them from sliding out of the first cavity 113. Furthermore, by having the positioning element 150 and the sample 200 jointly fill the first cavity 113, the positioning element 150 can position the sample 200, preventing movement of the sample 200 within the first cavity 113, thereby improving the installation stability and testing accuracy of the sample 200. In another embodiment, the sample 200 may also be disposed between the positioning member 150 and the first baffle 120, that is, the inner wall of the first cavity 113, the positioning member 150, the sample 200, and the first baffle 120 are arranged and abutted in sequence along the second direction. Further, in one possible embodiment, referring to Figures 4 and 5, the positioning member 150 abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity 113 and the first baffle 120 on both sides along the second direction, respectively. The positioning member 150 has a positioning groove 151 inside, which penetrates the side of the positioning member 150 facing the first end 111 along the first direction, and the positioning groove 151 connects the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 114. When the sample 200 is assembled, the sample 200 will be housed in the positioning groove 151, and the two sides of the sample 200 along the second direction will respectively abut against the two inner walls of the positioning groove 151 along the second direction.In this embodiment, the sample 200 is limited by the positioning groove 151 along the inner wall of the second direction, thereby restricting the movement of the sample 200 within the first cavity 113, which improves the clamping stability of the tensile jig 100 on the sample 200. The positioning member 150 is limited by the first baffle 120 and the inner wall of the first cavity 113, thus restricting its movement within the first cavity 113 and preventing the positioning member 150 from moving and causing the sample 200 to move, further promoting the clamping stability of the tensile jig 100 on the sample 200. In some technical solutions, referring to FIG5, the tensile jig 100 also includes a mounting member 160 and a temperature sensor 170. The mounting member 160 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the clamping assembly 110. The temperature sensor 170 is connected to the mounting member 160. When the tensile fixture 100 performs a tensile test on the specimen 200, the temperature sensor 170 is used to monitor the test temperature of the clamping assembly 110. Specifically, the two clamping assemblies 110 include a connector 115 and a clamping member 116. Each connector 115 and clamping member 116 of each clamping assembly 110 is connected to a mounting member 160, and each mounting member 160 is equipped with a temperature sensor 170. The tensile fixture 100 of this invention is applied in a high-temperature furnace. During the test, the tensile fixture 100 performs tensile and creep tests on the specimen 200 within a temperature range of 300℃ to 1100℃. Therefore, the temperature sensor 170 can detect the test temperature of the connector 115, the clamping member 116, and the specimen 200, thereby preventing the specimen 200 from being tensile and broken due to high temperature and improving the stability of the tensile test. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the mounting directions of the connector 115 and the mounting member 160 of the clamping assembly 110 are opposite, i.e., the mounting members 160 face opposite directions. This allows the temperature sensor 170 to be assembled in opposite directions when mounted on the connector 115 and the clamping member 116, avoiding assembly interference between the temperature sensor 170 on the connector 115 and the clamping member 116. A second aspect of this utility model provides a tensile testing machine, which includes a machine body and a tensile clamp 100 as described in any of the above embodiments. The machine body has two spaced-apart mounting positions along a first direction, each used to mount and fix the tensile clamp 100. The tensile clamp 100 is positioned between the two mounting positions along the first direction, and the second ends 112 of the two clamping assemblies 110 are respectively connected to one mounting position.Specifically, during assembly, two clamping components 110 are respectively mounted on two mounting positions of the machine body, with the two clamping components 110 spaced apart. The specimen 200 is positioned between the two clamping components 110, and both ends of the specimen 200 along the first direction are connected to the two clamping components 110 respectively. During the tensile test, the machine body drives the two clamping components 110 to move in opposite directions along the first direction to tensile the specimen 200, thereby realizing the tensile test of the specimen 200 by the tensile testing machine. In this embodiment of the present invention, the tensile testing machine performs a tensile test on the specimen 200 through the tensile clamp 100, which can improve the clamping stability of the tensile testing machine on the specimen 200, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the test results. The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, without conflict, embodiments of this utility model and features thereof can be combined with each other. HK 30137918 A 1 Claim 1. A tensile clamp having a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that are mutually perpendicular, characterized in that the tensile clamp comprises: two clamping components, spaced apart along the first direction, each clamping component having a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the first direction, each clamping component having a first cavity and a second cavity that are connected, the first cavity and the second cavity penetrating one side of the clamping component along the second direction, the second cavity penetrating the first end along the first direction, the first cavity and the second cavity being used to mount a sample, at least a portion of the inner wall of the first cavity being used to abut against the sample, the second end being adapted to connect to an external device; along the third direction, the first cavity having a first dimension L1, the second cavity having a second dimension L2, wherein L1 > L2; a first baffle connected to one side of each clamping component along the second direction, the first baffle blocking a portion of the first cavity or a portion of the second cavity of each clamping component in the second direction.2. The tension clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that each clamping assembly includes a connecting member and a clamping member connected together, the clamping member having a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity penetrating the side of the clamping member opposite to the connecting member along the first direction, and the second end being located on the side of the connecting member opposite to the clamping member; the connecting member has a connecting cavity penetrating the side of the connecting member facing the clamping member along the first direction, a portion of the clamping member being movably disposed in the connecting cavity, the clamping member being movable relative to the connecting member to change the spacing between the clamping members of the two clamping assemblies. 3. The tension clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that the clamping member includes a limiting part and a clamping part connected together, the clamping part having a first cavity and a second cavity, the limiting part being movably disposed in the connecting cavity, the limiting part being movable relative to the connecting member to change the distance between the clamping parts of the two clamping assemblies; the limiting part abuts against the inner wall of the connecting cavity along the first direction, and along the third direction, the limiting part has a maximum third dimension L3, and the connecting cavity has a minimum fourth dimension L4, wherein L3 > L4. 4. The tension clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that the tension clamp further includes a second baffle, the second baffle being connected to one side of the connecting member along the second direction, the second baffle obscuring at least a portion of the connecting cavity of the connecting member in the second direction. 5. The tensile clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the second baffle extends toward one side of the clamping member to form a protrusion, the protrusion being disposed in the connecting cavity, and the clamping member abutting against the inner wall of the connecting cavity and the protrusion on opposite sides along the second direction. 6. The tensile clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping assembly further has a curved structure, the curved structure being disposed along the first direction at the communication point between the first cavity and the second cavity, and connected to the inner wall of the first cavity and the inner wall of the second cavity, the curved structure being used to abut the specimen. 7. The tensile clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensile clamp further includes a positioning member, the positioning member being disposed in the first cavity and used to abut the specimen, the positioning member abutting against at least one of the inner wall of the first cavity and the first baffle along the second direction.8. The tensile clamp according to claim 7, characterized in that the positioning member abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity and the first baffle on both sides along the second direction, the positioning member having a positioning groove, the positioning groove penetrating the side of the positioning member facing the first end along the first direction, the positioning groove connecting the first cavity and the second cavity, the positioning groove being used to accommodate the specimen and abutting against the front and rear sides of the specimen along the second direction. 9. The tensile clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensile clamp further includes a mounting member and a temperature sensor, the mounting member being connected to the outer peripheral wall of the clamping assembly, the temperature sensor being connected to the mounting member, the temperature sensor being adapted to detect the test temperature of the clamping assembly. 10. A tensile testing machine, characterized in that it comprises: a machine body having two spaced-apart mounting positions along the first direction; the tensile clamp according to any one of claims 1 to 9, disposed between the two mounting positions along the first direction, the second ends of the two clamping assemblies respectively connected to one of the mounting positions. HK 30137918 A 1 Instruction Manual Attachments Figure 1 HK 30137918 A 2 Figure 2 HK 30137918 A 3 Figure 3 HK 30137918 A 4 Figure 4 HK 30137918 A 5 Figure 5 HK 30137918 A.