Antimicrobial coating composition and preparation and antimicrobial method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an antimicrobial coating composition and a preparation and antibacterial method thereof. The present invention relates to an antimicrobial coating composition comprising a coating forming component, an electret polymer, and optionally, a cross-linking agent. The antimicrobial coating composition can be in sufficient contact with a substrate and form a continuous and uniform non-release physical antimicrobial coating, provides efficient and lasting antimicrobial activity, and has biocompatibility and ability to resist wiping and cleaning by a specific cleaning agent. The invention also relates to methods of making the antimicrobial coating compositions and methods of using the antimicrobial coating compositions to impart antimicrobial activity to a substrate.

Description

(19) State Intellectual Property Office (12) Invention Patent Application (10) Application Publication Number (43) Application Publication Date (21) Application Number 202610392418.4 (22) Application Date 2026.03.27 (71) Applicant: Jifu Technology Co., Ltd. Address: Hong Kong, China (72) Inventor: Shi Dongfu (74) Patent Agency: Beijing J&J Intellectual Property Agency Co., Ltd. 11227 Patent Attorneys: Zhang Shanshan, Wu Xiaojing (51) Int.Cl. C09D 133 / 00 (2006.01) C09D 133 / 04 (2006.01) C09D 5 / 14 (2006.01) C09D 125 / 14 (2006.01) C09D 127 / 06 (2006.01) (54) Title of Invention: An Antimicrobial Coating Composition and Its Preparation and Antimicrobial Method (57) Abstract: An antimicrobial coating composition and its preparation and antimicrobial method. This invention relates to an antimicrobial coating composition comprising a coating-forming component, an electret polymer, and optionally, a crosslinking agent. The antimicrobial coating composition is capable of fully contacting a substrate and forming a continuous and uniform non-release physical antimicrobial coating, providing highly efficient and durable antimicrobial activity, and possessing biocompatibility and resistance to wiping with specific cleaning agents. This invention also relates to a method for preparing an antimicrobial coating composition and a method for using the antimicrobial coating composition to impart antimicrobial activity to a substrate. Claims: 2 pages Description: 12 pages Drawings: 1 page CN 122255796 A 2026.06.23 CN 1 22 25 57 96 A 1. An antimicrobial coating composition, characterized in that it comprises: a coating-forming component, an electret polymer, and optionally, a crosslinking agent. 2. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating forming component comprises at least one base resin, including but not limited to acrylic resins, styrene, epoxy resins, alkyd resins, vinyl resins, vinyl esters, polyesters, silicones, siloxanes, polyurethanes, fluoropolymers, inorganic silicates, and any combination thereof. 3. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating forming component comprises acrylic polymers, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-acrylic resins, or any combination thereof. 4. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electret polymer is a polymer having cationic and / or positively polar portions, including but not limited to chitosan, cationic polypeptides, cationic cyclodextrins, cationic dextran, cationic cellulose-based materials, polyethyleneimine, polysaccharides, polylysine, polyethylenediamine, polyamide amine, poly(amino-co-ester), poly[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate], and any combination thereof.5. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 4, wherein the electret polymer comprises polyethyleneimine. 6. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the crosslinking agent has two or more reactive ends, one reactive end being bonded to the coating forming component or substrate surface, and the other reactive end being bonded to the electret polymer. 7. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 6, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide, acrylate, methacrylic anhydride, diglycidyl ether, epoxy glycerol ether, epoxide, imide, methacrylamide, methylstyrene, vinylbenzene, ethoxysilane, pyridine, ethylene, or any combination thereof. 8. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 6, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises methylenebisacrylamide, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, or a combination thereof. 9. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solid content percentage of each component is as follows: coating forming component, 20% to 99%; electret polymer, 1% to 80%. 10. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solid content percentage of each component is as follows: the coating forming component, 71-87%; the electret polymer, 13-29%; the crosslinking agent, 0.012-0.023%. 11. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solid content percentage of each component is as follows: the coating forming component, 42-50%; the electret polymer, 49-58%; the crosslinking agent, about 0.04%. 12. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solid content percentage of each component is as follows: the coating forming component, 83-91%; the electret polymer, 9-17%; the crosslinking agent, 0.008-0.009%. 13. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solid content percentage of each component is as follows: the coating forming component, about 83.32%; the electret polymer, about 16.67%; the crosslinking agent, about 0.01%. 14. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the content percentage of each component is as follows: the coating forming component, about 76.91%; the electret polymer, about 23.08%; the crosslinking agent, about 0.01%.15. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solid content percentages of each component are as follows: the coating forming component, about 42.84%; the electret polymer, about 57.11%; and the crosslinking agent, about 0.05%. 16. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises a solvent and / or other coating additives. 17. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the solvent includes, but is not limited to, water, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexane, toluene, xylene, acetonitrile, or mixtures thereof. 18. A method for preparing the antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it comprises: uniformly mixing the coating forming component, the electret polymer, and optionally the crosslinking agent. 19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the crosslinking agent is added as a separate component to the premix of the coating forming component and the electret polymer just before use of the antimicrobial coating composition. 20. A method for imparting antimicrobial activity to a substrate, characterized in that it comprises: applying an antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17 onto the substrate; wherein the antimicrobial coating composition is capable of curing after application to the substrate to form a water-insoluble coating having antimicrobial activity. 21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising: applying an additional coating composition before and / or after applying the antimicrobial coating composition to form an additional coating, the additional coating composition comprising or not comprising the electret polymer. 22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the application comprises brushing, spraying, blade coating, roller coating, curtain coating, spin coating, dip coating, slot coating, and any combination thereof. 23. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the substrate comprises coated and electroplated surfaces, natural and synthetic polymer materials, wood, metal, glass, glaze, enamel, ceramics, bamboo, fiber, textiles and nonwoven materials, sand, stone, inorganic powders and particles, silicone paper and cardboard, nails, toenails, skin, and any combination thereof. Claims 2 / 2 pages 3 CN 122255796 A An antimicrobial coating composition and its preparation and antibacterial method Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of surface antibacterial. Specifically, this invention relates to an antimicrobial coating composition, a method for preparing an antimicrobial coating composition, and a method for using the antimicrobial coating composition to impart antimicrobial activity to a substrate.Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global awareness of public health and the growing demand for infectious disease prevention and control, surface antimicrobial technology has become a key research direction in the fields of materials science and public health. Antimicrobial coatings can provide durable protection against viruses, bacteria, and molds for materials such as plastics, fabrics, wood, glass, metals, and even furniture, walls, and sand, making them widely applicable in multiple fields. In the healthcare field, antimicrobial coatings can be applied to medical devices, hospital furniture, and protective equipment to reduce the risk of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) and improve patient safety. In the consumer goods field, this technology can be applied to packaging, clothing, and household goods to provide additional protection for end users. In addition, industries such as architecture and interior design can also use this coating on walls, floors, and furniture to ensure cleaner and more hygienic living or working spaces. Antimicrobial coatings can also be applied to the transportation field, such as the surfaces of public transportation vehicles, aircraft, and ships, to further improve the safety of high-traffic areas.

[0003] Currently, most existing surface antimicrobial agents use biocidal antimicrobial agents. For example, US8124169B2 discloses compounds containing transition metal ions (especially Ag) and antimicrobial agents such as biguanides. US patent 20160032113A1 discloses antibacterial agents such as Ag nanoparticles, triclosan, and chlorhexidine. EP3907 261 A1 discloses antibacterial agents such as TiO2 and AgNO3. US patent 20230157277A1 discloses antibacterial agents such as chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacids, phenolic compounds, and essential oils. However, these biocidal antibacterial agents mainly exert their antibacterial effects through chemical or biochemical mechanisms, and have drawbacks such as poor safety and stability, easy development of drug resistance, and environmental pollution.

[0004] Furthermore, existing surface antibacterial agents mostly employ release-type bactericidal mechanisms, such as Ag-based antibacterial agents (containing Ag compounds and Ag nanoparticles), TiQ2 nanoparticles, and time-release biocides disclosed in US 8 1 2 4 1 6 9 B 2, US20160032113A1, and EP3907261A1, as well as time-release biocides in US20230157277A1. Release-type bactericidal mechanisms have immediate antibacterial effects, but they have many limitations, such as the release and exposure of antibacterial agents causing allergic or toxic reactions, the active ingredients becoming ineffective over time, and the potential for environmental pollution. Moreover, these antibacterial agents must be in the form of nanoparticles. Although nanoparticle materials have high antibacterial activity, they suffer from complex preparation processes, poor safety, environmental pollution, and long-term health hazards.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need in the art for safer, less prone to drug resistance, easy to form films, more stable over long periods, and widely applicable antibacterial agents for surface antibacterial purposes.

[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide an improved antimicrobial coating composition that solves the above problems, comprising a coating-forming component and an electret polymer. The antimicrobial coating composition, after being applied to a substrate, can form a water-insoluble coating with antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention does not use biocidal antimicrobial agents and has good biological and environmental safety. The antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention is in emulsion form, with a simple preparation process and better formulation stability and film-forming stability. The antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention does not depend on the release of active ingredients and contains a coating-forming polymer that can stably bind to the substrate surface, so that after application, it can form an antimicrobial coating with high physical stability and long-term antimicrobial activity on the substrate surface. The antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention may also contain a crosslinking agent to provide further enhanced long-term antimicrobial effects.

[0007] In some embodiments, the coating forming component comprises at least one base resin, including but not limited to acrylics, styrene, epoxy resins, alkyd resins, vinyl resins, vinyl esters, polyesters, silicones, siloxanes, polyurethanes, fluoropolymers, inorganic silicates, and any combination thereof. The base resin may be a mixture or copolymer of more than one base resin.

[0008] In some embodiments, the coating forming component comprises an acrylic polymer, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-acrylic, or any combination thereof.

[0009] In some embodiments, the coating forming component is pre-mixed with other additives to achieve certain desired performance characteristics of the coating.

[0010] In some embodiments, the electret polymer is a polymer having cationic and / or positively polar portions. In some embodiments, the electret polymer includes, but is not limited to, chitosan, cationic peptides, cationic cyclodextrin, cationic dextran, cationic cellulose-based materials, polyethyleneimine, polysaccharides, polylysine, polyethylenediamine, polyamide amine, poly(amino-co-ester), poly[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate], and any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the electret polymer includes polyethyleneimine.

[0011] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention further comprises a crosslinking agent. In some embodiments, the crosslinking agent has two or more reactive ends, one reactive end being bonded to the coating forming component or substrate surface, and the other reactive end being bonded to the electret polymer. In some embodiments, the crosslinking agent may be homofunctional or heterofunctional.In some more specific embodiments, the crosslinking agent includes, but is not limited to, acrylates, methacrylates, acrylamides, acrylates, methacrylic anhydride, diglycidyl ether, epoxy glycerol ether, epoxides, imides, methacrylamide, methylstyrene, vinylbenzene, ethoxysilanes, pyridine, vinyl groups, or any combination thereof. In some more specific embodiments, the crosslinking agent includes methylenebisacrylamide, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, or combinations thereof.

[0012] In some embodiments, the solid content percentages of the components in the antimicrobial coating composition are as follows: the coating forming component, about 20% to 99%; the electret polymer, about 1% to 80%. In some embodiments, the sum of the percentages of the two is 100%.

[0013] In some embodiments, the solid content percentages of the components in the antimicrobial coating composition are as follows: the coating forming component, about 71-87%; the electret polymer, about 13-29%; the crosslinking agent, about 0.012-0.023%. In some embodiments, the sum of the percentages of the aforementioned three components is 100%.

[0014] In some embodiments, the solid content percentages of each component in the antimicrobial coating composition are as follows: the coating forming component, about 42-50%; the electret polymer, about 49-58%; the crosslinking agent, about 0.04%. In some embodiments, the sum of the percentages of the aforementioned three components is 100%.

[0015] In some embodiments, the solid content percentages of each component in the antimicrobial coating composition are as follows: the coating forming component, about 83-91%; the electret polymer, about 9-17%; the crosslinking agent, about 0.008-0.009%. In some embodiments, the sum of the percentages of the aforementioned three components is 100%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the solid content percentages of each component in the antimicrobial coating composition are as follows: the coating forming component, about 83.32%; the electret polymer, about 16.67%; the crosslinking agent, about 0.01%; in some embodiments, the sum of the percentages of the aforementioned three components is 100%.

[0017] In some embodiments, the solid content percentages of each component in the antimicrobial coating composition are as follows: The coating-forming component, approximately 76.91%; the electret polymer, approximately 23.08%; the crosslinking agent, approximately 0.01%. In some embodiments, the sum of the percentages of the foregoing three is 100%.

[0018] In some embodiments, the solid content percentages of each component in the antimicrobial coating composition are as follows: The coating-forming component, approximately 42.84%; the electret polymer, approximately 57.11%; the crosslinking agent, approximately 0.05%.In some embodiments, the sum of the percentages of the aforementioned three is 100%.

[0019] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention further comprises a solvent. The solvent may be any solvent conventionally used in coating compositions in the art, as long as it can dissolve and uniformly disperse the coating-forming components, electret polymers, etc. In some specific embodiments, suitable solvents are water, organic solvents or mixtures thereof, such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexane, toluene, xylene, acetonitrile or mixtures thereof.

[0020] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention further comprises other coating additives to achieve desired specific functions and properties, such as adding color, increasing viscosity, reducing surface tension, enhancing adhesion, adjusting pH, and providing sun protection.

[0021] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention, after curing and forming a coating, exhibits an antimicrobial activity of at least 4.0 and at most 7.0 or higher against different strains or viruses.

[0022] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention exhibits a reduction rate of at least 99% against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria after curing and forming a coating, as tested according to ISO 20743 or ISO 22196.

[0023] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention exhibits a reduction rate of at least 99% against viruses after curing and forming a coating, as tested according to ISO 21702 or ISO 18184.

[0024] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention exhibits a reduction rate of at least 99% against fungi after curing and forming a coating, as tested according to ISO 13629-2.

[0025] In some embodiments, no cytotoxic effect was observed when the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention was tested according to ISO 10993-5 in vitro cytotoxicity test after curing and forming a coating.

[0026] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention is resistant to wiping after curing and forming a coating. In one specific embodiment, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention retains at least 99% reduction in microorganisms after curing and forming a coating surface and wiping the coating surface with moderate force 1000 times.

[0027] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention can maintain its quality for at least about 1, 2, 3, 4 and / or 5 years after curing and forming a coating. In some specific embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention retains at least 99% reduction in microorganisms in a 5-year accelerated aging test after curing and forming a coating.

[0028] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an antimicrobial coating composition, comprising: uniformly mixing a coating forming component, an electret polymer, and optionally a crosslinking agent. In some embodiments, the crosslinking agent is added as a separate component to the premix of the coating forming component and the electret polymer just before the antimicrobial coating composition is used. In some embodiments, the method further includes adding other coating additives. In some specific embodiments, the coating additives may be added just before the use of the antimicrobial coating composition to prevent the antimicrobial coating composition from curing before application.

[0029] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for imparting antimicrobial activity to a substrate, comprising applying the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention to the substrate, the antimicrobial coating composition being capable of forming a water-insoluble coating with antimicrobial activity after application to the substrate. In some embodiments, the method further includes applying an additional coating composition before and / or after applying the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention, the additional coating composition comprising or not comprising an electret polymer. In some embodiments, a two-layer and multi-layer design is used, wherein the coating composition used in each layer may use different suitable solvent compositions to achieve the desired coating effect.

[0030] In some embodiments, the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention can be applied to a substrate in any manner. In some specific embodiments, the application includes, but is not limited to, brushing, spraying, blade coating, roller coating, curtain coating, spin coating, dip coating, slot coating, and any combination thereof.

[0031] In some embodiments, after the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention is applied to the substrate, the solvent is removed to allow the coating composition to cure and form a coating. In some specific embodiments, the curing can be carried out at room temperature or at an elevated temperature of 20–200°C. In some embodiments, the curing temperature and time depend on the thermal stability of the components in the coating composition solution and the surface finish of the resulting coating. In some embodiments, light energy is provided to the coating composition solution to promote coating curing and / or to generate a crosslinking reaction. In some embodiments, the coating composition is air-dried to promote solvent removal.

[0032] In some embodiments, the substrate includes coated and electroplated surfaces, natural and synthetic polymers, wood, metals, glass, glazes, enamels, ceramics, bamboo, fibers, textiles and nonwovens, sand, stone, inorganic powders and particles, silicone paper and cardboard, nails and toenails, skin, and any combination thereof.

[0033] The inventors of this application unexpectedly discovered that when electret polymers are used for surface antibacterial purposes, the material itself generates continuous polarity, thereby physically (i.e., non-biocidal) destroying the surface structure of microorganisms, achieving a long-lasting and non-drug-resistant antibacterial effect, thus solving the defects of traditional technologies. Furthermore, the inventors of this application also unexpectedly discovered that electret polymers, through cross-linking and fixation in the coating matrix, can form a uniform coating and maintain a more durable and stable surface electrostatic field, improving the wear resistance of the coating, thereby ensuring that the antibacterial efficacy does not decay over a long period of time. This structure allows the antibacterial agent to exert its antibacterial effect without being released from the coating, and also prevents the migration of active ingredients, ensuring safety in use, and enhancing the coating's resistance to temperature, humidity, and chemical cleaning agents, achieving efficient, durable, and safe antibacterial protection, becoming a core breakthrough of the next generation of antibacterial technology. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Non-limiting embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and not intended to be drawn to scale.

[0035] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the antimicrobial coating formed after applying the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention to a substrate, demonstrating its antimicrobial properties.

[0036] Figure 2 shows another schematic diagram of the antimicrobial coating formed after applying the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention to a substrate, demonstrating its antimicrobial properties, wherein the surface of the non-release physical antimicrobial coating formed using the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention generates continuous polarity, which can attract and destroy the cell membrane structure of microorganisms, causing the microorganisms to lyse and die, thereby achieving an antimicrobial effect. Detailed Description

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing or explaining particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. All patents and publications referenced in this application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0038] The term "coating-forming component" as used herein refers to the substance described in the specification 4 / 12 page 7 CN 122255796 A, which is capable of forming a complete coating that is stably adhered to the substrate. The coating forming components can be selected based on the substrate to which they are applied. These include adhesion to the substrate, resin particle size, resistance to water and cleaning solvents, weather resistance (for outdoor use), compatibility with electret polymers and other components used, other chemical and physical properties of the final coating (e.g., flame retardancy), strength and durability after wiping and abrasion, biocompatibility, and biosafety.The coating forming component can be a material conventionally applied to the corresponding substrate, for example, it may contain at least one base resin, including but not limited to acrylics, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-acrylics, styrene, epoxy resins, alkyd resins, vinyl resins, vinyl esters, polyesters, silicones, siloxanes, polyurethanes, fluoropolymers, inorganic silicates, and any combination thereof. The coating forming component may be pre-mixed with other additives to achieve certain desired performance characteristics of the coating.

[0039] As used herein, the term “electret” refers to a dielectric material that carries its own charge or molecular dipole.

[0040] As used herein, the term “electret polymer” refers to a polymer with ionic and / or polar portions. Electret polymers generate sustained polarity through the material itself, thereby physically (i.e., non-biocidal) disrupting the surface structure of microorganisms. Electret polymers include, but are not limited to, chitosan, ionic peptides, ionic cyclodextrins, ionic dextran, ionic cellulose-based materials, polyethyleneimine, polysaccharides, polyethylenediamine, polyurethanes, and poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]. The structure of electret polymers can be chemically modified to alter their ionic strength, polarity, flowability, or solubility. Electret polymers can form chemical bonds with any component in the composition and / or with the substrate. One or more electret polymers can be mixed and / or copolymerized in proportions from 0% to 100% to form the active ingredient. The average molecular weight of the electret polymer can be adjusted according to its solubility in the solvent and its compatibility with other components in the coating composition and / or the substrate. The electret polymer is present on the coating surface at a sufficient surface concentration or with adequate accessibility. When the antimicrobial composition forms a coating on the substrate, the negatively charged surfaces of microorganisms (including bacteria, viruses, and / or fungi) attach to the positively charged or molecular dipole portions of the coating surface active ingredient through electrostatic interactions, thereby weakening the surface of the microorganisms and ultimately leading to microbial lysis.

[0041] As used herein, the term "crosslinking agent" refers to a molecule containing two or more reactive ends that can form chemical bonds with any component in the composition and / or with specific functional groups on the substrate. Crosslinking agents can bind electret polymers to coating components and / or substrates, thereby enhancing the durability of the electret polymer on the coating. Crosslinking agents can be homofunctional or heterofunctional, and the length of the spacer arms between their reactive ends can be adjusted. The selection of a crosslinking agent must consider its chemical specificity to the electret polymer and coating components and / or substrate, and whether the crosslinking reaction will affect the antimicrobial activity of the electret polymer. The concentration of the crosslinking agent used in the antimicrobial coating composition should be as low as possible, while maintaining a sufficient surface concentration of the electret polymer on the coating surface and / or substrate without compromising the antimicrobial activity of the coating. In other words, the aim is to provide adequate access to the electret polymer on the coating surface.

[0042] As used herein, the term “substrate” means any substrate, including but not limited to coated, electroplated surfaces, natural and synthetic polymer materials, wood, metal, glass, glazes, enamels, ceramics, bamboo, fibers, textiles and nonwovens, sand, stone, inorganic powders and particles, silicone, paper and cardboard, nails and toenails, and skin. The electret polymer agent may be embedded within the substrate during substrate production; or applied to the substrate as a single composition or in a two- or multi-layer design.

[0043] As used herein, the terms “two-layer design,” “multi-layer design,” or “multi-layer configuration” refer to an antimicrobial coating design in which more than one set of coating compositions are distributed in two or more layers. The layers may be arranged adjacent to each other. Other configurations may also be adopted, such as one or more layers coated on a first side of the substrate, while other layers are coated on the other side of the substrate. Furthermore, the active ingredient may be present in one or more layers of the coating.

[0044] As used herein, the term “microorganism” refers to viral, bacterial, and fungal species. Therefore, the use of "antimicrobial" or "antimicrobial activity" encompasses antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal compositions and their corresponding activities. This term refers to the neutralization or elimination of the adverse effects of microorganisms by applying a coating composition to a suitable substrate, thereby preventing contact with microorganisms and eliminating their activity upon contact with bodily fluids and / or skin. In some cases, this term refers to a coating design that effectively prevents the spread of microorganisms and other viral and bacterial infections. The terms "antimicrobial" or "antimicrobial activity" are used interchangeably with "antimicrobial" or "antimicrobial activity."

[0045] As used herein, the terms "biocidal" and "non-biocidal" have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, as defined in EU Regulation 528 / 2012. In particular, "biocidal" antimicrobial agents refer to substances that exert their antimicrobial effect through chemical or physicochemical means. "Non-biocidal" antimicrobial agents refer to substances that exert their antimicrobial effect through physical or mechanical action.

[0046] When referring to electret polymers, the terms “fully accessible,” “fully accessible,” or “sufficient surface concentration” herein mean that, when the coating is tested according to relevant standards, the electret polymer in the coating reduces the tested microorganisms by at least 99%.

[0047] The term “solvent” as used herein means any solvent commonly used in coating compositions in the art, provided that it can dissolve and uniformly disperse the coating-forming components, electret polymers, etc. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, water, organic solvents, or mixtures thereof, including, but not limited to, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexane, toluene, xylene, acetonitrile, or mixtures thereof.The electret polymer, coating-forming components, and optionally other coating additives can be mixed in a mixer using a suitable solvent to form a homogeneous antimicrobial coating composition. For two- or multi-layer designs, different suitable solvents can be used for each coating composition to achieve the desired coating effect.

[0048] The term "coating additive" as used herein refers to any additive commonly used in coating compositions in the art. This includes, for example, those used in the art to achieve specific functions and properties, such as adding color, increasing viscosity, reducing surface tension, enhancing adhesion, adjusting pH, and providing sun protection. The selection of coating additives and their concentration depends primarily on the characteristics of the substrate, the coating method, the desired function, or a combination of these factors. The final coating must be tested for antimicrobial activity according to relevant standards, i.e., a reduction rate of at least 99% against the microorganisms used in the test.

[0049] To test whether the coating provides durable antimicrobial protection without the removal of surface-active components by routine cleaning, the coating formed by the coating composition is wiped clean to test whether the coating still retains its antimicrobial properties. Specifically, the coating surface was wiped 1000 times with moderate force using a towel or cotton wool with a specific cleaning agent (e.g., water, 70% ethanol, diluted household cleaner aqueous solution, 1000 ppm sodium hypochlorite solution), and then the antimicrobial properties of the coating were tested. The inventors of this application unexpectedly discovered that the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention retained its antimicrobial properties after being cured and formed into a coating, i.e., a reduction rate of at least 99% against the microorganisms used in the test.

[0050] To test the shelf life of the antimicrobial coating, accelerated aging tests were performed on the coating samples according to the temperature rise method of ASTM F1980 "Standard Guidelines for Accelerated Aging of Sterile Barrier Systems and Medical Devices". The samples were incubated in a circulating oven at 65°C (ambient room temperature 20°C) for 17, 33, 49, 65, and / or 81 days to simulate actual lifespans equivalent to approximately 1, 2, 3, 4, and / or 5 years for the coating. Specifically, after completing a 5-year simulated accelerated aging process, the antimicrobial properties of the coating were tested. The inventors of this application unexpectedly discovered that although the coating showed a slight yellowing after the 5-year simulated accelerated aging process, it still maintained its antimicrobial properties, i.e., a reduction rate of at least 99% against the microorganisms used in the test.

[0051] Regarding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the active ingredient and potential resistance issues, the method was tested in accordance with ISO 20776-1 "Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro diagnostic testing systems – Performance evaluation of infectious media susceptibility testing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing devices – Part 1: Reference method for in vitro activity testing of antimicrobial agents against rapidly growing aerobic bacteria involved in infectious diseases".The active ingredient on the coating surface was altered using a dilution method to determine the MIC (Minimum Ingredient). The MIC value was defined as the lowest concentration (in g / m²) of active ingredient that the coating could prevent the presence of the test strain during a 24-hour incubation period.

[0052] To determine whether resistant bacteria were generated, visible colonies (suspected to be insensitive strains) were picked from samples with active ingredients below the MIC in the above studies and cultured in a suitable medium. The resulting strains were used as test species, and the antibacterial activity of the coating containing the active ingredient at the MIC concentration was used to determine whether the test species could be inactivated. The results showed that no resistance was observed in the test species when exposed to the electret polymer used.

[0053] When range descriptions are used in this application, such as physical or chemical properties, like molecular weight or chemical formulas, all combinations and sub-combinations of the range and specific embodiments thereof are included. The use of the term "about" when referring to a number or numerical range means that the number or numerical range referred to is an approximation within experimental variation (or within statistical experimental error), and therefore the number or numerical range may vary. The variation is typically from 0% to 15% of the stated number or numerical range, preferably from 0% to 10%, and more preferably from 0% to 5%.

[0054] When used in conjunction with the term “comprising / including,” the use of a noun not limited by a quantifier may mean “one / kind,” but it also corresponds to “one / kind or more / kinds,” “at least one / kind,” and “one / kind or more than one / kind.”

[0055] The terms “or” and “and / or” as used herein are used to describe multiple components that are combined with or exclude each other. For example, “x, y, and / or z” may refer to a single “x,” a single “y,” a single “z,” “x, y, and z,” “(x and y) or z,” “x or (y and z),” or “x or y or z.” In particular, it is contemplated that x, y, or z may be specifically excluded from an embodiment or aspect.

[0056] The terms “comprising” (and any variations thereof), “having” (and any variations thereof), “including” (and any variations thereof), or “containing” (and any variations thereof) are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional undescribed elements or method steps.

[0057] Examples

[0058] The invention will be described in more detail by way of the following examples. These examples are merely exemplary and intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the invention, as those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and variations can be made within the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, all amounts, percentages, and proportions mentioned in the following examples are by weight.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A premixed acrylic polymer emulsion (solid content 50 ± 1%; pH 8 ± 1; particle size 0.1–0.2 μm; alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-free), methylenebisacrylamide, and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of an antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0061] Premixed acrylic polymer emulsion 71–87%

[0062] Methylenebisacrylamide 0.012–0.023%

[0063] Polyethyleneimine 13–29%

[0064] The sum of the above percentages is 100%.

[0065] The prepared coating composition is applied to the surface of substrates such as paint, plastic, wood, metal, glass, glaze, enamel, ceramic, bamboo, sand, or stone by brushing, spraying, or dipping, and is naturally air-dried or dried with warm air at room temperature to form a transparent and smooth antimicrobial coating.

[0066] The antimicrobial activity of the resulting antimicrobial coating is tested according to relevant standard test methods. The microorganisms include viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The bacteria include some drug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. The specific results are shown in Table 1 below: Specification 7 / 12 pages 10 CN 122255796 A

[0067] Table 1: Antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial coating of Example 1

[0068]

[0069] As can be seen from the above results, the antimicrobial activity of the resulting coating against different strains or viruses can reach at least 4.0 and at most 7.0 or above. This indicates that the resulting coating has a very strong ability to resist viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

[0070] To assess the shelf life of the resulting coating, an accelerated aging test was conducted on the coating. After completing a simulated 5-year accelerated aging, the coating changed from its original transparency to a slight yellowing, but the reduction rate of microorganisms against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae was at least 99%, indicating that it still maintained its antimicrobial properties. This result indicates that the antimicrobial coating composition of the present invention can maintain its quality for at least about 5 years after curing and forming a coating.

[0071] The resulting coating was also subjected to a MIC test. The results showed that the MIC of the active ingredient was about 1.60 g / m2.

[0072] In addition, to assess the antimicrobial durability of the resulting coating, an anti-routine cleaning test was conducted on it. The coating surface was wiped 1000 times with moderate force using a specific cleaning agent (e.g., water, 70% ethanol, diluted household cleaner aqueous solution, or 1000 ppm sodium hypochlorite solution) using a towel or cotton, and then the coating was tested for antimicrobial activity.The results showed that the coating reduced the number of microorganisms used in the test by at least 99%, i.e., it still maintained its antimicrobial properties.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] A premixed acrylic polymer emulsion (solid content 50 ± 1%; pH 8 ± 1; particle size 0.1–0.2 μm; alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-free), methylenebisacrylamide and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0075] Premixed acrylic polymer emulsion 83.32%

[0076] Methylenebisacrylamide 0.01%

[0077] Polyethyleneimine 16.67%

[0078] The sum of the above percentages is 100%.

[0079] In this example, two sets of coating composition solutions were used to form a two-layer antimicrobial coating. A premixed colored latex paint, as the first group of coating compositions (non-antimicrobial coating compositions), is applied to the surface of indoor stone (including concrete) by brushing or spraying and allowed to air dry at room temperature to form a first coating layer, which is used to pretreat and decorate the surface of the indoor stone. Then, the antimicrobial coating composition prepared above is applied as the second group of coating compositions to cover the cured first coating layer by brushing or spraying and allowed to air dry at room temperature to form a transparent and smooth antimicrobial coating layer, i.e., the second coating layer. The coating layer formed by the first group of coating compositions can improve the adhesion of the second group of coating compositions (i.e., the antimicrobial coating composition). At the same time, the two-layer antimicrobial coating formed by covering the first coating layer with the second group of coating compositions (i.e., the antimicrobial coating composition) can provide durable antimicrobial protection to the substrate.

[0080] The antimicrobial activity of the resulting two-layer antimicrobial coating is tested according to relevant standard test methods. The results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0081] Table 2: Antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial coating of Example 2

[0082]

[0083] The results show that the resulting coating has very strong antimicrobial ability.

[0084] In addition, the MIC test results show that the MIC of the active ingredient is about 2.67-4.00 g / m2.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] A premixed acrylic polymer emulsion (solid content 50 ± 1%; pH 8 ± 1; particle size 0.1–0.2 μm; alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-free), methylenebisacrylamide and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of antimicrobial coating composition.The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0087] Premixed acrylic polymer emulsion 83.32%

[0088] Methylenebisacrylamide 0.01%

[0089] Polyethyleneimine 16.67%

[0090] The total percentages are 100%.

[0091] The prepared coating composition is applied to the surface of an aluminum substrate by brushing, spraying or dipping, and air-dried at room temperature to form a transparent and smooth antimicrobial coating.

[0092] The antimicrobial activity of the resulting antimicrobial coating is tested according to relevant standard test methods. The results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0093] Table 3: Antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial coating of Example 3

[0094]

[0095] The results show that the resulting coating has a very strong antimicrobial ability.

[0096] In addition, the MIC test results show that the MIC of the active ingredient is about 4.00 g / m2.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] A premixed acrylic polymer emulsion (solid content 50 ± 1%; pH 8 ± 1; particle size 0.1–0.2 μm; alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-free), methylenebisacrylamide, and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of an antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0099] Premixed acrylic polymer emulsion 76.91%

[0100] Methylenebisacrylamide 0.01%

[0101] Polyethyleneimine 23.08%

[0102] The sum of the above percentages is 100%.

[0103] The prepared antimicrobial coating composition was mixed with a river sand substrate at a weight ratio of 1:5 and mechanically stirred. The antimicrobial coating composition in the mixture was allowed to air dry and cure naturally at room temperature to form a transparent antimicrobial coating on the surface of the river sand substrate. The MIC test results showed that the MIC of the active ingredient was about 8.00 g / kg.

[0104] The river sand with the antimicrobial coating was used as filter material and filled into a 10 mL pipette to form a packed column. Then, 1 mL of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) culture medium (concentration of about 6 × 10⁵ colony-forming units per mL) was added to the top of the packed column, and 9 mL of peptone water medium was added as the eluent. The culture medium and eluent were filtered through the packed column by gravity, and the filtrate was cultured at 37°C using plate counting culture. No colonies were found in the filtrate, confirming that the antimicrobial activity of the river sand substrate packed column with the antimicrobial coating was greater than 4.7.

[0105] Example 5

[0106] A premixed pure acrylic polymer emulsion (solid content 48 ± 1%; pH 8.5 ± 1.5; particle size 0.1–0.2 micrometers; free of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), methylenebisacrylamide, and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of an antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0107] Premixed pure acrylic polymer emulsion 42–50%

[0108] Methylenebisacrylamide 0.04%

[0109] Polyethyleneimine 49–58%

[0110] The total percentages are 100%.

[0111] The prepared coating composition was applied to the surface of substrates such as fibers, textiles, and nonwoven materials by roller coating, curtain coating, or dip coating, and was air-dried at room temperature or rapidly dried with hot air at 120–140 degrees Celsius to form an antimicrobial coating. The resulting antimicrobial coating is not easily detected on the fiber surface using a conventional optical microscope, or may slightly alter the softness of the substrate.

[0112] The antimicrobial activity of the resulting antimicrobial coating was tested according to relevant standard test methods. The results are shown in Table 4 below:

[0113] Table 4: Antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial coating of Example 5

[0114] Specification 10 / 12 pages 13 CN 122255796 A

[0115] The results show that the resulting coating has a very strong ability to resist viruses, bacteria and fungi.

[0116] Example 6

[0117] A premixed pure acrylic polymer emulsion (solid content 48 ± 1%; pH 8.5 ± 1.5; particle size 0.1–0.2 microns; free of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), methylenebisacrylamide and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0118] Premixed pure acrylic polymer emulsion 42.84%

[0119] Methylenebisacrylamide 0.05%

[0120] Polyethyleneimine 57.11%

[0121] The total percentages above are 100%.

[0122] The prepared coating composition was applied to the surface of a high-efficiency air particulate filter fiber (polypropylene) substrate of H14 grade by dip coating, and placed in an oven at a set temperature not exceeding 130 degrees Celsius to accelerate drying, forming a high-efficiency air particulate filter with an antimicrobial coating. The MIC test results showed that the MIC of the active ingredient was about 3.15 g / m2.Referring to the national standard GB / T 6165-2021, the performance test method for high-efficiency air filters, the above-mentioned high-efficiency air particulate filter with antimicrobial coating has a filtration efficiency of 99.9975 ± 0.0007% and a resistance of 47.3 ± 1.29 Pa for particles larger than 0.3 micrometers. Compared with the control group (untreated H14-level high-efficiency air particulate filter) with filtration efficiency (99.9957 ± 0.0007%) and resistance (47.7 ± 0.55 Pa), the filter with antimicrobial coating has a significantly improved filtration efficiency (t-test, p value 0.009), while the resistance has not increased significantly.

[0123] Using Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4352) as strains, the antimicrobial activity of the coating was confirmed to be greater than 5.0 according to the ISO 20743 standard test.

[0124] Example 7

[0125] Premixed styrene-acrylic emulsion, polyethylene glycol diacrylate and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0126] Premixed styrene-acrylic emulsion 71-87%

[0127] Polyethylene glycol diacrylate 0.012-0.023%

[0128] Polyethyleneimine 13-29%

[0129] The total percentages are 100%.

[0130] The prepared coating composition was applied to the surface of coating and electroplating surfaces, plastics, wood, metals, glass, glazes, enamels, ceramics, bamboo, sand, stone, paper and cardboard and other substrates by brushing, spraying or dipping, and air-dried at room temperature or with warm air to form a transparent and smooth antimicrobial coating.

[0131] According to relevant standard test methods, the resulting antimicrobial coating has a very strong ability to resist viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and the antimicrobial activity against different strains or viruses can reach at least 3.0.

[0132] Example 8

[0133] Premixed polyvinyl chloride waterborne coating, methylene bisacrylamide, and polyethyleneimine were dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0134] Premixed polyvinyl chloride waterborne coating 71-87%

[0135] Methylene bisacrylamide 0.012-0.023% Specification 11 / 12 pages 14 CN 122255796 A

[0136] Polyethyleneimine 13-29%

[0137] The sum of the above percentages is 100%.

[0138] The prepared coating composition is applied to the surface of substrates such as coatings, plastics, and silicones by brushing, spraying, or dipping, and then air-dried at room temperature or dried with warm air to form a transparent and smooth antimicrobial coating.

[0139] According to relevant standard test methods, the resulting antimicrobial coating has a very strong ability to resist viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and the antimicrobial activity against different strains or viruses can reach at least 3.0.

[0140] Example 9

[0141] Premixed transparent waterborne styrene-acrylic nail polish, methylenebisacrylamide, and polyethyleneimine are dissolved in deionized water and mechanically stirred at room temperature to form a homogeneous solution of antimicrobial coating composition. The solid content of each component in the coating composition is as follows:

[0142] Premixed transparent water-based styrene-acrylic nail polish 83-91%

[0143] Methylenebisacrylamide 0.008-0.009%

[0144] Polyethyleneimine 9-17%

[0145] The sum of the above percentages is 100%.

[0146] In this embodiment, one or more sets of coating composition solutions are used to form a single or multi-layer antimicrobial coating. The antimicrobial coating composition prepared above is applied as the first set of coating compositions to the surface of the nail or toenail by brushing and air-drying at room temperature or with warm air to form a transparent and smooth antimicrobial coating (bottom layer).

[0147] Premixed colored water-based or oil-based nail polish is used as the second set of coating compositions (if applicable). The second set of coating compositions is applied over the cured bottom layer of antimicrobial coating to form a colored coating (second layer) to decorate the antimicrobial coating on the surface of the nail or toenail. Then, the first group of coating compositions is applied to the second layer surface (if applicable) to form the third layer (top layer), thereby providing antimicrobial protection to the colored nail polish surface.

[0148] According to relevant standard test methods, the resulting antimicrobial coating has very strong antifungal ability, with an antimicrobial activity of at least 5.0 against different strains. Specification 12 / 12 pages 15 CN 122255796 A Figure 1 Figure 2 Specification Drawings 1 / 1 page 16 CN 122255796 A.

Claims

1. An antimicrobial coating composition, characterized in that, Include: Coating forming components, electret polymers, and Optionally, a crosslinking agent.

2. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating forming component comprises at least one base resin, including but not limited to acrylic resins, styrene, epoxy resins, alkyd resins, vinyl resins, vinyl esters, polyesters, silicones, siloxanes, polyurethanes, fluoropolymers, inorganic silicates, and any combination thereof.

3. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating forming components include acrylic polymers, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-acrylic compounds, or any combination thereof.

4. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electret polymer is a polymer having cationic and / or positive polar portions, including but not limited to chitosan, cationic polypeptides, cationic cyclodextrins, cationic dextran, cationic cellulose-based materials, polyethyleneimine, polysaccharides, polylysine, polyethylenediamine, polyamide amine, poly(amino-co-ester), poly[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate], and any combination thereof.

5. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electret polymer contains polyethyleneimine.

6. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The crosslinking agent has two or more reactive ends, one of which is bonded to the coating forming component or the substrate surface, and the other reactive end is bonded to the electret polymer.

7. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 6, characterized in that, The crosslinking agent comprises acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide, acrylate, methacrylic anhydride, diepoxyglycerol ether, epoxyglycerol ether, epoxide, imide, methacrylamide, methylstyrene, vinylbenzene, ethoxysilane, pyridine, ethylene, or any combination thereof.

8. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 6, characterized in that, The crosslinking agent comprises methylene bisacrylamide, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, or a combination thereof.

9. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solid content percentages of each component are as follows: the coating forming component, 20% to 99%; the electret polymer, 1% to 80%.

10. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solid content percentages of each component are as follows: coating forming component, 71-87%; electret polymer, 13-29%; crosslinking agent, 0.012-0.023%.

11. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solid content percentages of each component are as follows: coating forming component, 42-50%; electret polymer, 49-58%; crosslinking agent, approximately 0.04%.

12. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solid content percentages of each component are as follows: coating forming component, 83-91%; electret polymer, 9-17%; crosslinking agent, 0.008-0.009%.

13. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solid content percentages of each component are as follows: the coating forming component, approximately 83.32%; the electret polymer, approximately 16.67%; and the crosslinking agent, approximately 0.01%.

14. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solid content percentages of each component are as follows: the coating forming component, approximately 76.91%; the electret polymer, approximately 23.08%; and the crosslinking agent, approximately 0.01%.

15. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The solid content percentages of each component are as follows: the coating forming component, approximately 42.84%; the electret polymer, approximately 57.11%; and the crosslinking agent, approximately 0.05%.

16. The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also contains solvents and / or other coating additives.

17. The antimicrobial coating composition according to claim 16, characterized in that, The solvents include, but are not limited to, water, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexane, toluene, xylene, acetonitrile, or mixtures thereof.

18. A method for preparing the antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, include: The coating forming components, electret polymer, and optionally crosslinking agent are uniformly mixed.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The crosslinking agent is added as a separate component to the premix of the coating forming component and the electret polymer just before the antimicrobial coating composition is used.

20. A method for imparting antimicrobial activity to a substrate, characterized in that, include: The antimicrobial coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17 is applied to the substrate; The antimicrobial coating composition can cure after being applied to the substrate to form a water-insoluble coating with antimicrobial activity.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, Also includes: An additional coating composition may be applied before and / or after the application of the antimicrobial coating composition to form an additional coating, the additional coating composition comprising or not comprising the electret polymer.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The application methods include brush coating, spray coating, blade coating, roller coating, curtain coating, spin coating, dip coating, slot coating, and any combination thereof.

23. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The substrates include coated and electroplated surfaces, natural and synthetic polymers, wood, metals, glass, glazes, enamels, ceramics, bamboo, fibers, textiles and nonwovens, sand, stone, inorganic powders and granules, silicone, paper and cardboard, nails, toenails, skin, and any combination thereof.

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