Device, systems, and methods for enhanced ionized hydrogen peroxide decontamination

Abstract

By redesigning the following aspects, the double bond breaking effect of the cleaning solution is improved. The electrode posts in the applicator are lowered and the power supply of the arc is changed from an AC voltage to a DC voltage. The lowering of the electrode column places the arc discharge in a more efficient location for activating the cleaning solution prior to dispersion of the cleaning solution into the treatment area. Modifying the power supply of the arc from an AC voltage to a DC voltage may enhance the uniform charge characteristics of the droplets. This results in greater proportions of the droplets excluding each other and seeking equilibrium. And air ionization can be increased, so that charged liquid drops can be in contact with the surface more easily.

Description

(19) State Intellectual Property Office (12) Invention Patent Application (10) Application Publication Number (43) Application Publication Date (21) Application Number 202480035902.0 (22) Application Date 2024.03.29 (30) Priority Data 63 / 492,905 2023.03.29 US 63 / 601,515 2023.11.21 US 63 / 612,560 2023.12.20 US (85) PCT International Application Entering National Phase Date 2025.11.27 (86) PCT International Application Application Data PCT / US2024 / 022404 2024.03.29 (87) PCT International Application Publication Data WO2024 / 206947 EN 2024.10.03 (71) Applicant Tommy Environmental Solutions, Inc. Address: USA (72) Inventors H.S. Sean E.J. Sean J.S. Cato (74) Patent Agency Beijing Zhucheng Law Firm 11313 Patent Attorney Wang Mo Wang Yanbo (51) Int.Cl. A61L 2 / 14 (2006.01) A61L 2 / 18 (2026.01) A61L 2 / 208 (2026.01) A61L 2 / 22 (2006.01) A61L 2 / 24 (2006.01) A61L 2 / 26 (2006.01) A61L 101 / 22 (2006.01) (54) Invention Title Apparatus, System and Method for Enhancing the Purification of Ionized Hydrogen Peroxide (57) Abstract The applicant has improved the effectiveness of its cleaning solution in breaking double bonds by redesigning the following aspects. Lowering the electrode post in the applicator and changing the arc power supply from AC to DC voltage places the arc discharge in a more effective position, activating the cleaning solution before it disperses into the treatment area. Changing the arc power supply from AC to DC enhances the uniform charge characteristics of the droplets. This results in a greater proportion of droplets repelling each other and seeking equilibrium. It also increases air ionization, making it easier for charged droplets to contact the surface. Claims (3 pages), Description (24 pages), Drawings (18 pages), CN 121419793 A, 2026.01.27, CN 1 21 41 97 93 A 1. A method for purifying an article or a generally enclosed space, comprising the steps of: shearing a cleaning liquid into a mist, the mist comprising aerosol droplets accumulating in a top chamber portion of a generally enclosed chamber, the chamber comprising a funnel-shaped top chamber portion, a bottom chamber portion, a side chamber portion, and an inner chamber portion, wherein the cleaning liquid is sheared by ultrasonic cavitation; placing the mist in a non-thermal plasma actuator to form plasma-activated ion particles, wherein...The driver has a column that generates a cold plasma arc; and contacts the article or substantially enclosed space with plasma-activated ion particles by embedding the electrodes of the column that generates the cold plasma arc within the nozzle body and enhancing purification by using a DC voltage source. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: pumping the cleaning liquid into the nozzle body; stopping the pumping of the cleaning liquid; isolating the nozzle body by using a valve; wherein closing the valve shuts off the entry of the cleaning liquid into the nozzle body; and injecting air into the nozzle body through a conduit passing through the nozzle body; wherein any residual cleaning liquid is discharged from the nozzle body. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: passing the mist through a funnel in the nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body includes the funnel, a first region A, a second region B, and a third region C; wherein the first region A has the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the funnel at its narrowest inner diameter; wherein region B follows region A and has a solid wall thicker than region A, wherein the mist flows from region A through region B, and wherein the inner diameter of region B through which the mist flows is the same as the inner diameter of region A; wherein region C receives the mist from region B, wherein the initial inner diameter of region C is the same as the inner diameter of region B, and wherein the final inner diameter of region C is greater than the inner diameter of region B; and wherein an electrode post is located within region B and adjacent to the boundary between region A and region B, and wherein there is a gap between the location of the electrode post and the starting point of region C. 4. The method of claims 1 to 3, further comprising manually operating the purification device. 5. The method of claims 1 to 3, wherein the purification device is handheld for manual operation. 6. The method of claims 1 to 3, wherein the input parameters for the small enclosed space include: the size of the small enclosed space, the position of the purification device relative to the boundary of the small enclosed space, and the air temperature, pressure, and humidity of the small enclosed space. 7. The method of claims 1 to 3, wherein the set liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid include air pressure and liquid flow rate. 8. The method of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air valve is controlled by programming the processing unit to control a potentiometer. 9. The method of claims 1 to 3, wherein the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are adjusted by the size and shape of the pipe located at the outlet of the cleaning liquid leaving the purification device. 10. The method of claims 1 to 3, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter in the range of 0.1-0.7 micrometers.Claims 1 / 3 Page 2 CN 121419793 A 11. The method of claims 1 to 10, wherein the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by reducing the air pressure and the liquid flow rate to below a predetermined standard air pressure and a predetermined standard liquid flow rate, respectively. 12. The method of claims 1 to 10, further comprising: inputting input parameters of a small enclosed space into a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is further programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the purification device. 13. The method of claims 1 to 10, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter size in the range of 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. 14. The method of claims 1 to 13, wherein the input parameters of the small enclosed space are manually input. 15. The method of claims 1 to 14, wherein the input parameters of the small enclosed space are measured by a plurality of sensors in network communication with the processing unit. 16. The method of claims 11 to 15, wherein the processing unit and the purification device communicate wirelessly. 17. A system for purifying a small enclosed space, the system comprising a purification device and a computer processor, wherein the computer processor is networked and communicates with the purification device, wherein input parameters of the small enclosed space are input to the computer processor, wherein the computer processor is programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine liquid characteristics of a cleaning liquid in the purification device, wherein the computer processor is further programmed to activate a purification cycle of the purification device, the purification cycle comprising the steps of: providing a reservoir of the cleaning liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide of the cleaning liquid; dispersing the very dry mist by high-pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles having a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers, wherein the generated very dry mist is applied to purify approximately the small enclosed space, wherein the ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water, wherein the setting of the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid is performed by controlling an air valve. The purification process is enhanced by embedding the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc within the nozzle body and using a DC voltage source. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the purification device is manually operated. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the purification device is handheld for manual operation. 20. A method for purifying a space, the method comprising the steps of:Input parameters of the space are input into the processing unit, wherein the processing unit is programmed based on the input parameters of the space containing the fresh agricultural products to determine the liquid characteristics of the purified liquid in the ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purified liquid includes hydrogen peroxide; activating the purification cycle of the ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purification cycle includes the following steps: providing a reservoir for the purified liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the purified liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide of the purified liquid, wherein the ionized / aerosolized mist of hydrogen peroxide of the purified liquid passes through a cold plasma arc, wherein the mist is ionized by the cold plasma arc such that the mist comprises ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale range with an average diameter of 40.3 nm, a mode of 33.4 nm, and a standard deviation of 30.9 nm. The very dry mist is a mist having particles with a diameter in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers; the generated very dry mist is applied to a surface within the space, wherein the ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water on the surface, and wherein, thirty minutes after the cold plasma arc enters the space containing fresh produce, the ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale range continue to exist in the space containing the fresh produce, by embedding the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc within the nozzle body and enhancing the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide using a DC voltage source. Claims 3 / 3 Page 4 CN 121419793 A Apparatus, System and Method for Enhancing Ionized Hydrogen Peroxide Purification

[0001] Cross-Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to provisional application No. 63 / 492,905, filed March 29, 2023; provisional application No. 63 / 601,515, filed November 21, 2023; and provisional application No. 63 / 612,560, filed December 20, 2023, which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application generally relates to multi-configuration systems for purifying articles, enclosed spaces and unenclosed spaces, and more specifically to microbial purification in such locations. Background Art

[0004] Microbial species are widely distributed in our environment. Most microbial species are not of particular concern because they do not harm other organisms. However, other microbial species may infect or harm humans or animals.The removal of microorganisms and the purification of objects and spaces have long been a focus of attention. Pharmaceuticals and medical devices are sterilized and packaged in sterile containers. Medical environments, such as operating rooms, wards, and examination rooms, are purified through various cleaning procedures to prevent the transmission of microorganisms of concern from one patient to another.

[0005] Many existing technologies for controlling microorganisms are valuable in the context of biological warfare and bioterrorism. Furthermore, existing purification technologies have limited effectiveness in confined environments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] An aspect of this application is a method, system, and apparatus for enhancing purification by lowering the position of the electrodes of the column that generates a cold plasma arc and using a DC voltage source with ionized hydrogen peroxide.

[0007] An aspect of this application is a method for purifying an article or a generally enclosed space, comprising the steps of: shearing a cleaning liquid into a mist, the mist comprising aerosol droplets accumulating in a top chamber portion of a generally enclosed chamber, the chamber comprising a funnel-shaped top chamber portion, a bottom chamber portion, a side chamber portion, and an inner chamber portion, wherein the cleaning liquid is sheared by ultrasonic cavitation; subjecting the mist to a non-thermal plasma actuator to form plasma-activated ion particles, wherein the actuator has a column that generates a cold plasma arc; and contacting the article or generally enclosed space with the plasma-activated ion particles by lowering the position of the electrodes of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and enhancing purification by using a DC voltage source.

[0008] An aspect of this application is a method for purifying articles, surfaces, or generally enclosed spaces, comprising the steps of: cavitating a cleaning liquid by using an ultrasonic cavitator immersed in a generally enclosed chamber comprising a cleaning liquid to shear the cleaning liquid into a mist comprising aerosol droplets; subjecting the mist to a non-thermal plasma actuator in an outlet tube extending from an opening in a top chamber portion of the generally enclosed chamber, wherein the outlet tube comprises a hollow cavity having a distal opening above the top chamber portion for discharging aerosol droplets to form plasma-activated ion particles; and contacting the articles, surfaces, or generally enclosed spaces with the plasma-activated ion particles by lowering the position of the electrodes of a column generating a cold plasma arc and enhancing purification by using a DC voltage source. Specification 1 / 24 pages 5 CN 121419793 A

[0009] An aspect of this application is a method for purifying a small enclosed space, comprising the following steps: inputting input parameters of the small enclosed space into a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the purification device, activating the purification cycle of the purification device, wherein the purification cycle comprises the following steps: providing a storage container for the cleaning liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid; generating ions including the cleaning liquid.A very dry mist of hydrogen peroxide is dispersed by high-pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles having a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers, wherein the generated very dry mist is applied to purify a generally small enclosed space, wherein ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water, wherein the liquid characteristics of the determined cleaning liquid are set by controlling an air valve, and the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by lowering the position of the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source.

[0010] In some embodiments, the purification device is operated manually by a user. In some embodiments, the purification device is handheld for manual operation. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space include: the size of the small enclosed space, the position of the purification device relative to the boundary of the small enclosed space, the air temperature, pressure, and humidity of the small enclosed space. In some embodiments, setting the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid includes air pressure and liquid flow rate. In some embodiments, the air valve is controlled by a programming processing unit to control a potentiometer. In some embodiments, the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are adjusted by the size and shape of the pipe located at the outlet of the cleaning liquid leaving the purification device. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by reducing the air pressure and liquid flow rate to below predetermined standard air pressure and predetermined standard liquid flow rate, respectively. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the purification device are determined using input parameters of a small enclosed space, wherein the processing unit is further programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are manually input. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are measured by multiple sensors that are networked and communicate with the processing unit. In some embodiments, the processing unit and the purification device communicate wirelessly.

[0011] An aspect of this application is a system for purifying a small enclosed space, comprising a purification device and a computer processor, wherein the computer processor is networked and communicates with the purification device, wherein input parameters of the small enclosed space are input to the computer processor, wherein the computer processor is programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of a cleaning liquid in the purification device, wherein the computer processor is also programmed to activate a purification cycle of the purification device, the purification cycle comprising the steps of: providing a reservoir for the cleaning liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide of the cleaning liquid; dispersing the very dry mist by high-pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist...The substance comprises particles having a particle size ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers, wherein a very dry mist is applied to purify a generally enclosed space, wherein ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water, wherein the liquid properties of the determined cleaning liquid are set by controlling an air valve, and the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by lowering the position of the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source.

[0012] In some embodiments, the purification device is manually operated. In some embodiments, the purification device is handheld for manual operation.

[0013] An aspect of this application is a method for purifying a space, the method comprising the steps of: inputting input parameters of the space into a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is programmed based on the input parameters of the space containing the fresh agricultural products to determine the liquid characteristics of a purifying liquid in an ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purifying liquid comprises hydrogen peroxide; activating a purification cycle of the ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purification cycle comprises the steps of: providing a reservoir for the purifying liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the purifying liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide of the purifying liquid, wherein the ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide mist of the purifying liquid passes through a cold plasma arc, wherein the mist is ionized by the cold plasma arc such that the mist comprises an average diameter of 40.3 nm. Ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale range with a mode of 33.4 nm and a standard deviation of 30.9 nm, and a very dry mist having particles with a particle size diameter in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers; the generated very dry mist is applied to a surface in a space, wherein ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water on the surface, and wherein, after entering the space containing fresh produce through a cold plasma arc for thirty minutes, ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale range continue to exist in the space containing fresh produce, the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by lowering the position of the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source.

[0014] Figure 1 is a flow diagram of the overall method for biochemical agent inactivation using an activated cleaning liquid mist.

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the apparatus for biochemical agent inactivation, wherein the activator is located near the proximal end of the atomizer generator.

[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the device for bio-agent inactivation, wherein the activator is located remotely from the atomizer.

[0017] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the device for bio-agent inactivation, wherein it has proximal and distal activators.

[0018] Figure 5 illustrates a flow cytometry purification device.

[0019] Figure 6 illustrates a chamber-based purification device.

[0020] Figure 7 illustrates a purification device for purifying a room.

[0021] Figure 8 illustrates a purification device for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning duct systems.

[0022] Figure 9 illustrates a purification device for human breathing air.

[0023] Figure 10A shows a configuration for device components, wherein a clean liquid source 40 and an atomizer 42 are connected via a drive 70 with an adjustable range of rotation up to 360 degrees. Figure 10B shows a configuration for device components, wherein a clean liquid source 40 is connected to an atomizer 42, which in turn is connected to a mist delivery unit 72 via a drive 70 with an adjustable range of rotation up to 360 degrees. Figure 10C shows a configuration for device components, wherein the atomizer 42 is mounted on a drive 70 with an adjustable range of rotation up to 360 degrees. Figure 10D shows another configuration of the device components, wherein the atomizer 42 delivers a mist into the mist delivery unit 72, which is mounted on a drive unit 70 having an adjustable range of rotation up to 360 degrees.

[0024] Figure 11A illustrates an embodiment in which at least the atomizer 42 and the voltage source 52 are housed within a portable housing. The atomizer is functionally connected to the mist delivery unit 72, which may be mounted on the housing or be a remote unit. Figure 11B illustrates the atomizer 42 and voltage source 52 contained within a portable container, wherein the entire unit can be handheld, mounted on another device, or handheld / mounted by another machine or robot. Figure 11C illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which the atomizer 42 and voltage source 52 are contained within a wearable container, such as a backpack.

[0025] Figure 12A illustrates a purification device including an ultrasonic chip 78 or an ultrasonic atomizer as the atomizer. Figure 12B illustrates a system in which a mobile / wireless / remote control device 84 is functionally connected to the purification device of this disclosure, e.g., atomizer 82, as described on page 3 / 24 of specification 7 CN 121419793 A. Figure 12C illustrates an embodiment of the system in which the system includes multiple purification devices, such as atomizers, which are controlled by a control device 84 and also communicate between the atomizers 82 via wired or wireless means. Information from the individual atomizers 82 can be fed back to the control device 84 as a whole or individually. For example, the doses released by two different atomizers 82 can start or finish at different times and the data can be reported independently.

[0026] Figures 13A and 13B illustrate similar systems with a single (Figure 13A) or multiple (Figure 13B) atomizers 42.The system, in which the atomizer is controlled by a control device 84, also provides data 94 regarding the area or surface treatment to an external source.

[0027] Figure 14 illustrates the system, in which the atomizer 42, the cleaning liquid source 40, and the atomized material delivery unit 72 are also connected to a sensor 98.

[0028] Figure 15 depicts an exemplary rectifier for forming free radicals, including a voltage source 52, at least one diode / capacitor 102, the diode / capacitor interfaced with a non-thermal plasma driver 76.

[0029] Figure 16 depicts an embodiment of an ionization / aerosolization and activation device 100, which can be manually operated as a handheld device and is programmable for automated operation.

[0030] Figure 17 depicts an embodiment of a display of a programming clock 201, which regulates the liquid properties of the liquid applied by the ionization / aerosolization and activation device.

[0031] Figure 18 shows a close-up view (right) of the introduction of ionized / aerosolized H2O2 into a chamber containing tomatoes (left) and the ionization / aerosolization and activation delivery device.

[0032] Figure 19 shows the droplet size distribution after immediate introduction of ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into the chamber and after an additional 30-minute residence time.

[0033] Figure 20 shows the application of the disinfection system via a backpack.

[0034] Figure 21 shows the architecture of the disinfection system components and their relationships.

[0035] Figure 22 shows a flow chart of the disinfection system.

[0036] Figure 24 shows an applicator design for purification of enclosed spaces from an external perspective.

[0037] Figure 25A shows an applicator design for the same applicator, showing the internal arrangement.

[0038] Figure 25B shows the fittings. Figure 27 shows the process of filling the fittings to reduce the inner diameter.

[0039] Figure 26A shows a front view of the self-cleaning nozzle.

[0040] FIG26B shows a side view of the self-cleaning nozzle.

[0041] FIG27 shows the operation of the self-cleaning nozzle.

[0042] FIG28 shows an embodiment of the nozzle described herein.

[0043] FIG29 shows an embodiment of the nozzle described herein, illustrating the positioning of the electrode post after lowering.

[0044] In all the figures, unless otherwise stated, the same reference numerals and characters are used to denote the same features, elements, components or portions of the illustrated embodiments. Furthermore, while this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, this is done in conjunction with illustrative embodiments and is not limited to the specific embodiments shown in the drawings and appended claims. Detailed Description

[0045] The following detailed description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. For purposes of explanation, specific terminology is set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art should...Obviously, these specific details are not essential for practicing the invention. Reference will be made in detail to certain aspects and exemplary embodiments of this application, illustrated in the drawings and structures. Aspects of this application will be described in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments, page 4 / 24 of CN 121419793 A, including methods, materials, and examples. This description is non-limiting, and the scope of this application is intended to cover all equivalents, substitutions, and modifications generally known or incorporated herein. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. One of those skilled in the art will recognize many techniques and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein, which can be used in the practice of aspects and embodiments of this application. The aspects and embodiments described in this application are not limited to the described methods and materials.

[0046] This application describes methods, systems, and apparatus for disinfection by the use of an automated robotic device that effectively applies a mist containing activated hydroxyl ions, wherein the aerosol droplets will generate an effective surface area of ​​highly activated hydroxyl ions. The advantage of this method is that no chemical residues are left on the disinfected surface because it starts with a small amount of hydrogen peroxide as the source solution, and then activates hydroxyl ions, meaning that the dissociated activated substances recombine to form diatomic oxygen and water, which are harmless molecules.

[0047] In this application, effective disinfection by using activated hydroxyl ions depends on the surface area of ​​the droplets applied to the surface. The smaller the droplets, the larger the surface area of ​​activated hydroxyl ions in the total cloud of droplets, and thus the more effective the disinfection method. In fact, soaking the surface for disinfection weakens the effectiveness of activated hydroxyl ions because once the surface is soaked, the activated ions do not come into contact with bacteria for disinfection.

[0048] Activation of the cleaning liquid to generate activated hydroxyl ions can occur through the channels of the liquid, such as by electric arc current, electromagnetic field, or photon energy. The liquid can be generated as a spray, for example by atomization, ultrasound, pneumatic spraying, or mechanical pressure. However, a blower is not used to generate the spray in the method of this application because a blower would produce a strong flow of large droplets that would utilize the liquid to soak the surface, both of which would weaken the effect of any activated hydroxyl ions.

[0049] The method described herein requires the generation of a very dry mist (such as very small diameter aerosol particles as described herein) that carries activated hydroxyl ions through space to reach a surface for purification. The activated hydroxyl ions contact pathogens before recombination to form harmless diatomic oxygen and water (an advantage of the method described herein is that no chemical residue remains on the disinfected surface). Preferred embodiments used in this application, for example, include a cleaning liquid comprising, for example, 0.3% to 9% hydrogen peroxide as the active...The source of the substance is used for the purification of articles or generally enclosed spaces. The preferred aerosol droplets carrying activated hydroxyl ions have a diameter of 0.3 to 1.0 micrometers, with the most preferred average diameter of 0.7 micrometers. Therefore, any automated system applying this method requires strict performance parameters.

[0050] The applicant has improved the effectiveness of its cleaning fluid in breaking double bonds by redesigning the following aspects: lowering the electrode post in the applicator and changing the power supply of the arc from AC voltage to DC voltage. Lowering the electrode post allows the arc discharge to be in a more effective position to activate the cleaning fluid before the cleaning solution is dispersed into the treatment area. Changing the arc power supply from AC voltage to DC voltage enhances the uniform charge characteristics of the droplets. This results in a greater proportion of droplets repelling each other and seeking equilibrium. It also increases air ionization, making it easier for charged droplets to contact the surface.

[0051] Definitions

[0052] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the content expressly specifies otherwise.

[0053] As used herein, the term "decontaminating" or "decontamination" refers to the act of neutralizing or removing pathogens from a region or article.

[0054] As used herein, the term "microorganism" or "pathogen" includes, but is not limited to, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, protozoa, viruses, or other microorganisms. The term "pathogen" also includes targeted bioterrorism agents.

[0055] As used herein, the term "bacteria" refers to a member of a large group of single-celled microorganisms that have a cell wall but lack organelles and an organized nucleus. Synonyms for bacteria may include "microorganism," "bacteria," "pathogen," "bacillus," and "prokaryote." Exemplary bacteria include, but are not limited to, species of the genus *Mycobacterium*, including *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*; species of the genus *Staphylococcus*, including *Staphylococcus epidermidis*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, and methicillin-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus*; and species of the genus *Streptococcus*, including *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, *Streptococcus pyogenes*, *Streptococcus proteus*, *Streptococcus agalactiae*, *Streptococcus equi*, *Streptococcus canis*, and *Streptococcus bovis*. Streptococcus equi, Streptococcus pharyngitis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus pyogenes; other pathogenic streptococcal species, including Enterococcus species, such as Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium; Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas species, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas melioides, and Pseudomonas melioides; Salmonella species, including Salmonella enterocolitica, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella bungei, and Salmonella choleraesuis; Shigella species, including Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella dysenteriae, and Shigella boydii; Brucella species, including Brucella mesenteriae, Brucella suis, and Brucella swine fever.Brucella, Brucella abortus, and Brucella pertussis; Neisseria spp., including Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Escherichia coli, including enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC); Vibrio cholerae, Helicobacter pylori, Bacillus thermophilus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Clostridium difficile, Cryptococcus neoformans, Moraxella spp., including Moraxella catarrhalis, Campylobacter spp., including Campylobacter jejuni; Corynebacterium spp., including Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium ulcerans, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriae, Corynebacterium urealyticum, Corynebacterium hemolyticum, Corynebacterium horseii; Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides, Bacteroides spp., Actinomyces spp., Treponema pallidum, Leptospira spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae; Proteus spp., including Proteus vulgaris; Serratia spp., Acinetobacter spp., Yersinia spp., including Yersinia houserella and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis; Francisella tularensis, Enterobacter spp., Bacteroides spp., Legionella spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, etc. The term “targeted bioterrorism agent” as used herein includes, but is not limited to, Bacillus antracis, Yersinia pestis, and Franciscella tularensis.

[0056] The term “virus” as used herein may include, but is not limited to, influenza virus, herpes virus, poliovirus, norovirus, and retrovirus. Examples of viruses include, but are not limited to, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), human T-cell lymphovirus types 1 and 2 (HTLV-I and HTLV-II), hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), hepatitis G virus (HGV), parvovirus B19, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis G virus, hepatitis E virus, transfusion-transmitted virus (TTV), Epstein-Barr virus, human cytomegalovirus type 1 (HCMV-1), human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6), human herpesvirus type 7 (HHV-7), human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), influenza A virus (including H1N1 and H5N1 subtypes), human metapneumovirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Coronaviruses, Hantaviruses, and RNA viruses from the Arenaviridae (e.g., Lassa fever virus (LFV)), Pneumoviridae (e.g., human metapneumovirus), and Filoviridae (e.g., Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus (MBGV), and Zika virus); Bunyaviridae (e.g., Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), and Hantavirus); yellowViral families (West Nile virus (WNV), dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), GB virus C (GBV-C; formerly known as hepatitis G virus (HGV)); Rotavirus families (e.g., rotaviruses) and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the subject was infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2. As used herein, the term "fungus" refers to any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that produce saprophytic and parasitic spores, typically filamentous, previously classified as chlorophyll-deficient plants, and includes molds, rust fungi, mildews, smut fungi, mushrooms, and yeasts. Exemplary fungi include, but are not limited to, species of the genus *Aspergillus*, dermatophytes, blastomycetes, species of the genus *Candida*, including *Candida albicans* and *Candida krusei*; *Malassezia furfur*, *Venerecium ventricosa*, *Trichophyton mentagrophytes ... *Trichophyton floccosum*, *Pseudomonas borscherion*, *Madura magna*, *Histoplasma capsulatum*, *Sporothrix schenckii*, *Histoplasma capsulatum*, *Trichophyton* species including *Trichophyton versicolor*, *Trichophyton pedis*, *Onychophyton floccosum*, *Trichophyton cruris*, *Trichophyton scalp*, *Trichophyton mentagrophytes*; *Trichophyton* species including *Trichophyton rubrum*, *Trichophyton interdigitale*, *Trichophyton tonsurans*, *Trichophyton violaceum*, *Trichophyton schoenleinii*, *Trichophyton schoenleinii*, *Trichophyton schoenleinii*, *Trichophyton erythrophyton*, *Trichophyton hedgehogii*, and *Trichophyton verrucosum*; *Mycoplasma genitalium*; *Microsporum* species including *Microsporum audouinii*, *Microsporum ferrugineum*, *Microsporum canis*, *Microsporum nanonu*, *Microsporum tortuos*, *Microsporum gypseum*, *Microsporum xanthosporum*, etc.

[0057] "Enveloped viruses" can usually be inactivated by effective surface cleaning and disinfection. Enveloped viruses have an envelope composed of a lipid layer (a lipid-like substance insoluble in water), forming a capsid. The viral envelope is essential for viral attachment to target cells. The lipid layer in the cell membrane is impermeable to most polar or charged solutes, but permeable to nonpolar compounds, such as the lipids that constitute the viral envelope. Individual enveloped viruses have different modes of transmission; however, the typical route of transmission is through indirect or direct bodily contact with infectious viral particles, such as through inhalation or contact with respiratory droplets carrying a viral load. Viruses can survive on surfaces for extended periods and remain infectious, thus requiring the decontamination of these surfaces.

[0058] "Coronaviruses" are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a helical nucleocapsid. Coronavirus virions are generally considered to have an average diameter of 80 to 120 nm, but the size range can vary from 50 nm to 200 nm. Characteristic surface spikes or thin membrane protrusions are rod-shaped, pear-shaped, or petal-shaped, protruding about 17 to 20 nm from the surface of the virion. nm, with a thinner base, expanding to about 10 nm wide at the distal end. In some coronaviruses, the second group of protruding segments is 5 to 10 nm long.nm, forming a lower vegetation layer below the main spike.

[0059] Coronavirus infection begins with the binding of the virion to the host cell receptor. Infection eventually leads to the deposition of the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm, where the viral genome becomes available for translation. The positive-strand genome actually acts as the first mRNA of viral infection, translated into a large replicase polyprotein. The replicase then uses the genome as a template to synthesize a set of new viral genome and subgenome mRNAs via negative-strand intermediates. The latter are translated into structural and accessory proteins. The membrane-bound structural proteins M, S, and E insert into the ER and then are transported from there to the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate region (ERGIC). The nucleocapsid is formed from the encapsulation of the progeny genome by N proteins, which bind to the membrane-bound components and bud into the ERGIC to form the virion. Finally, the progeny virions are exported from the infected cell by transport to the plasma membrane within smooth-walled vesicles or Golgi vesicles, which remains to be more precisely defined. In the course of infection with some coronaviruses but not others, a portion of the S protein has not yet assembled into the virion and finally reaches the plasma membrane. On the cell surface, the S protein can cause the fusion of infected cells with adjacent uninfected cells, resulting in the formation of large multinucleated syncytia. This allows the spread of infection to be independent of the action of extracellular viruses, thus providing a degree of evasion of immune surveillance.

[0060] In some embodiments, the methods and combinations of this application are used to purify environments that may be infected by any coronavirus in the Orthocoronavirus subfamily, including but not limited to those described herein. The genetically diverse Orthocoronavirus subfamily is divided into four major classes (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta coronaviruses). Human CoVs are limited to the alpha and beta subgroups. Typical human CoVs include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1.

[0061] Zoonotic CoVs have an inherent tendency to enter new host species and cause new diseases, most recently most commonly seen in humans as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (de Wit et al., 2016). Interestingly, all known human CoVs are thought to have originated from wild or domestic animals as zoonotic diseases.

[0062] Subgroup alpha coronaviruses and their Gen Bank registry numbers are notRestrictive examples include FCov .FIPV .79 .1146. VR .2202 (NV_007025), Infectious Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV) (NC_002306; Q811789 .2; DQ811786 .2; DQ811788 .1; DQ811785 .1; X52157 .1; AJ011482 .1; Instruction manual 7 / 24 pages 11 CN 121419793 A KC962433 .1; AJ271965 .2; JQ693060 .1; KC609371 .1; JQ693060 .1; JQ693059 .1; JQ693058.1; JQ693057.1; JQ693052.1; JQ693051.1; JQ693050.1); porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) (NC 001961.1; DQ811787), and any subtypes, clades, or subclades thereof, including any other now-known subgroup 1a coronavirus (e.g., those found in the GenBank® database) or coronaviruses subsequently identified in the GenBank® database.

[0063] Non-limiting examples of subgroup 1b alpha coronavirus and its GenBank registry number include HCoV.NL63. Amsterdam.I (NC_005831), BtCoV.EKU2.HK.298.2006 (EF203066), BtCoV.HKU2.HK.33.2006 (EF203067), BtCoV.HKU2.HK.46.2006 (EF203065), BtCoV.HKU2.GD.430.2006 (EF203064), BtCoV.lA.AFCD62 (NC_010437), BtCoV.lB.AFCD307 (NC_010436), BtCov.HKU8.AFCD77 (NC_010438), BtCoV.512 .2005 (DQ648858); Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (NC_003436, DQ355224.1, DQ355223.1, DQ355221.1, JN601062.1, JN601061.1, JN601060.1, JN601059.1, JN601058.1, JN601057.1, JN601056.1,JN601055.1, JN601054.1, JN601053.1, JN601052.1, JN400902.1, JN547395.1, FJ687473.1, FJ687472.1, FJ687471.1, FJ687470.1, FJ687469.1, FJ687468.1, FJ687467.1, FJ687466.1, FJ687465.1, FJ687464.1, FJ687463.1, FJ687462.1, FJ687461.1, FJ687460.1, FJ687459.1, FJ687458.1, FJ687457.1, FJ687456.1, FJ687455.1, FJ687454.1, FJ687453 FJ687452.1, FJ687451.1, FJ687450 .1, FJ687449 .1, AF500215 .1, KF476061 .1, KF476060.1, KF476059.1, KF476058.1, KF476057.1, KF476056.1, KF476055.1, KF476054.1, KF476053.1, KF476052.1, KF476051.1, KF476050.1, KF476049.1, KF476048.1, KF177258.1, KF177257.1, KF177256.1, KF177255.1), HCoV.229E (NC_002645), and any of its subtypes, clades, or subclades, including any other subgroups of lb coronaviruses currently known (e.g., found in the GenBank® database) or later identified in the GenBank® database.

[0064] Non-limiting examples of subgroup 2a beta coronaviruses and their GenBank registry numbers include HCoV.HKUl.C.N5 (DQ339101), MHV.A59 (NC_001846), PHEV.VW572 (NC_007732), HCoV.OC43.ATCC.VR.759 (NC_005147), bovine enteric coronavirus (BCoV.ENT) (NC_003045), and any of their subtypes, clades, or subclades, including any other subgroup 2a coronaviruses now known (e.g., found in the GenBank® database) or later identified in the GenBank® database.

[0065] Subgroup 2b beta coronaviruses and their GenBank...Non-limiting examples of registry numbers include human SARS-CoV-2 isolates, such as NC_045512.2, and any CoV-2 isolate containing a genomic sequence from a GenBank registry number, such as MT079851.1, MT470137.1, MT121215.1, MT438728.1, MT470115.1, MT358641.1, MT449678.1, MT438742.1, LC529905.1, MT438756.1, MT438751.1, MT460090.1, MT449643.1, MT385425.1, MT019529.1, MT449638.1, MT374105.1, MT449644.1, and MT385421. .1, MT365031.1, MT385424.1, MT334529.1, MT466071.1, MT461669.1, MT449639.1, MT415321.1, MT385430.1, MT135041.1, MT470179.1, MT470167.1, MT470143.1, MT365029.1, MT114413.1, MT192772.1, MT135043.1, MT049951.1; human SARS CoV-1 isolates, such as SARS CoV .A022 (AY686863), SARS CoV .CUHK-Wl (AY278554), SARS CoV .GDOl (AY278489), SARSCoV.HC.SZ.61.03 (AY515512), SARSCoV.SZI6 (AY304488), SARS coronavirus.Urbani (AY278741), SARS coronavirus.civet010 (AY572035), SARS coronavirus.MA.15 (DQ497008); bat SARS CoV isolates, such as BtSARS.HKU3.1 (DQ022305), BtSARS.HKU3.2 (DQ084199), (See instruction manual, page 8 / 24, CN 121419793 A), BtSARS.HKU3.3 (DQ084200), BtSARS.Rml (DQ412043), BtCoV.279.2005 (DQ648857). BtSARS.Rfl (DQ412042), BtCoV.273.2005 (DQ648856), BtSARS.Rp3 (DQ071615), and any of themSubtypes, clades, or subclades, including any other subgroups of coronavirus 2b that are now known (e.g., can be found in the GenBank® database) or later identified in the GenBank® database.

[0066] Non-limiting examples of subgroup 2c beta coronaviruses and their GenBank registry numbers include Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS) isolates, such as Riyadh 22012 (KF600652.1), Al-Hasa_18_2013 (KF600651.1), Al-Hasa_17_2013 (KF600647.1), Al-Hasa_152013 (KF600645.1), Al-Hasa_16_2013 (KF600644.1), Al-Hasa_21_2013 (KF600634), Al-Hasa 19 2013 (KF600632), Bulaida_1_2013 (KF600630.1), and Haf-al-Batin_1_2013. (KF600628.1), Al-Hasa_122013 (KF600627.1), Bisha.ltoreq.1 2012 (KF600620.1), Riyadh_3_2013 (KF600613.1), Riyadh_l_2012 (KF600612.1), Al-Hasa_3_2013 (KF186565.1), Al-Hasa_l_2013 (KF186567.1), Al-Hasa_2_2013 (KF186566.1), Al-Hasa_4_2013 (KF186564.1); beta coronavirus England 1-N1 (NC_019843), SA-N1 (KC667074); Human beta coronavirus 2c Jordan-N3 / 2012 (KC776174.1); Human beta coronavirus 2c EMC / 2012 (JX869059.2); Any bat coronavirus subgroup 2c isolates, such as bat coronavirus Taper / CII_KSA_287 / Bisha / Saudi Arabia (KF493885.1), bat coronavirus Rhhar / CII KSA 003 / Bisha / Saudi Arabia / 2013 (KF493888.1), bat coronavirus Pikuh / CII_KSA_001 / Riyadh / Saudi Arabia / 2013 (KF493887.1), bat coronavirus Rhhar / CII KSA 002 / Bisha / Saudi Arabia / 2013 (KF493886.1), bat coronavirusRhhar / CII_KSA_004 / Bisha / Saudi Arabia / 2013 (KF493884.1), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU4.2 (EF065506), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU4.1 (NC 009019), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU4.3 (EF065507), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU4.4 (EF065508), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV133.2005 (NC_008315), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU5.5 (EF065512), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU5.1 (NC 009020), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU5.2 (EF065510), Bat Coronavirus BtCoV.HKU5.3 (EF065511) And bat coronavirus HKU5 isolate (KC522089.1); any other subgroup 2c, such as KF192507.1, KF600656.1, KF600655.1, KF600654.1, KF600649.1, KF600648.1, KF600646.1, KF600643.1, KF600642.1, KF600640.1, KF600639.1, KF600638.1, KF600637.1, KF600636.1, KF600635.1, KF600631.1, KF600626.1, KF600625.1, KF600624. .1, KF600623 .1, KF600622 .1, KF600621 .1, KF600619 .1, KF600618.1, KF600616.1, KF600615.1, KF600614.1, KF600641.1, KF600633.1, KF600629.1, KF600617.1, KC869678.2; KC522088 .1, KC522087 .1, KC522086 .1, KC522085 .1, KC522084.1, KC522083.1, KC522082.1, KC522081.1, KC522080.1, KC522079.1, KC522078.1, KC522077.1, KC522076.1, KC522075.1, KC522104.1, KC522104.1, KC522103.1, KC522102.1, KC522101.1, KC522100.1, KC522099 .1. KC522098.1, KC522097 .1, KC522096 .1, KC522095.1, KC522094.1, KC522093.1, KC522092.1, KC522091.1, KC522090.1, KC522119.1, KC522118.1, KC522117.1, KC522116.1, KC522115.1, KC522114.1, KC522113.1, KC522112.1, KC522111.1, KC522110.1, KC522109 .1, KC522108 .1,,KC522107 .1, KC522106.1, KC522105.1); HKU4 isolates of the bat coronavirus (KC522048.1, KC522047.1, KC522046.1, KC522045.1, KC522044.1, KC522043.1, KC522042.1, KC522041.1, KC522040.1, KC522039.1, KC522038.1, KC522037.1, KC522036.1, KC522048.1, KC522047.1, KC522046.1, KC522045.1, (Instructions 9 / 24 pages, 13 CN) 121419793 A KC522044.1, KC522043.1, KC522042.1, KC522041.1, KC522040, 1, KC522039.1, KC522038.1, KC522037.1, KC522036.1, KC522061.1, KC522060.1, KC522059.1, KC522058.1, KC522057.1, KC522056.1, KC522055.1, KC522054.1, KC522053 .1 , KC522052.1, KC522051.1, KC522050.1, KC522049.1, KC522074.1, KC522073.1, KC522072.1, KC522071.1, KC522070.1, KC522069.1, KC522068.1, KC522067.1, KC522066.1, KC522065.1, KC522064.1, KC522063.1, KC522062.1), and any of its subtypes and clades.Or subclades, including any other subgroup 2c coronaviruses now known (e.g., those found in the GenBank® database) or later identified in the GenBank® database.

[0067] Non-limiting examples of subgroup 2d beta coronaviruses and their GenBank registry numbers include BtCoV.HKU9.2 (EF065514), BtCoV.HKU9.1 (NC_009021), BtCoV.HKU9.3 (EF065515), BtCoV.HKU9.4 (EF065516), and any of their subtypes, clades, or subclades, including any other subgroup 2d coronaviruses now known (e.g., those found in the GenBank® database) or later identified in the GenBank® database.

[0068] Non-limiting examples of subgroup 3 gamma coronaviruses include IBV.Beaudette.IBV.p65 (DQ001339) or any other subgroup 3 coronaviruses now known (e.g., available in the GenBank® database) or later identified in the GenBank® database.

[0069] Purification can be carried out according to the methods and combinations of this application against coronaviruses arbitrarily defined in isolates or genomic sequences from the above subgroups 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and 3.

[0070] Following the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), coronaviruses are generally considered to cause respiratory and intestinal infections in humans. SARS was caused by SARS-CoV, followed by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) caused by MERS-CoV. The COVID-19 outbreak was caused by a coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 (due to its similarity to SARS-CoV). SARS-CoV infects ciliated bronchial epithelial cells and type II alveolar cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor; the mechanism of action for SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation.

[0071] It should be estimated that the environmental stability of SARS-CoV-2 can be maintained for up to 3 hours in aerosolized air, up to 4 hours on copper, up to 24 hours on cardboard, and up to 2 to 3 days on plastic and stainless steel. These findings are similar to those obtained for the environmental stability of SARS-CoV-1.

[0072] SARS-CoV-2 was detected in environmental samples from COVID-19-dedicated intensive care units (ICUs) in hospitals. Varying levels of environmental contamination were detected in the rooms of COVID-19 patients, and the seropositivity rate for SARS-CoV-2 was high in 13 samples prior to cleaning.Of the 15 samples collected, 13 were positive. One sample taken from an exhaust vent was positive, indicating that viral particles may have been replaced by air and deposited on surfaces, although no direct air samples tested positive. SARS-CoV-2 was also detected on objects such as self-service printers used by patients to print out their test results, desktop keyboards, and doorknobs. The virus was most commonly found on gloves and even rarely on goggles. Evidence suggests the threat of SARS-CoV-2 contamination in the environment of COVID-19 patients, thus highlighting the necessity of decontamination of these environments. The decontamination methods described herein provide an effective solution.

[0073] As used herein, the term “protozoa” refers to any member of the different groups of eukaryotes, which are primarily unicellular, exist alone or in clusters, generally do not photosynthesize, and are often further grouped according to their locomotion and manner, such as by pseudopodia, flagella, or cilia. Exemplary protozoa include, but are not limited to, malaria species, including *Plasmodium falciparum*, *Plasmodium vivax*, *Plasmodium ovale*, and *Plasmodium malariae*; leishmania species, including *Leishmania macrocarpa*, *Leishmania tropicalis*, *Leishmania donovali*, *Leishmania infantis*, *Leishmania chagassi*, *Leishmania mexicana*, *Leishmania panamaensis*, *Leishmania brasiliensis*, and *Leishmania guianaensis*; cryptosporidia, *Bailey's spores*, *Toxoplasma gondii*, *Trichomonas vaginalis*, and *Cyclospora* species.

[0074] As used herein, the term “article” means any solid article or object that may be susceptible to contamination by pathogens. As used herein, the term “generally enclosed space” means a room, tent, building, or any generally enclosed man-made structure that may be susceptible to contamination by pathogens. The term “generally enclosed space” is not limited to man-made structures (e.g., caves or natural tunnels are also generally enclosed spaces), although the embodiments shown herein may be preferably intended for the decontamination of such structures.

[0075] As used herein, the term “sensor” can refer to any type of sensor suitable for detecting contamination in a device, surface, or generally enclosed space. Examples of sensors include, but are not limited to, light sensors, current sensors, weight sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, or any type of biosensor.

[0076] As used herein, “enclosed space” refers to any chamber, container, or space that can be decontaminated using the systems of this disclosure. Examples of enclosed spaces include, but are not limited to, any room, hygiene room (e.g., gynecological probe cabinet), biosafety cabinet, glove box, research hood, and clinical space routinely used for highly controlled research projects / spaces.

[0077] As used herein, “computer” can be a general-purpose computer or a dedicated device constructed solely for performing one or more specific purposes.

[0078] As used herein, an “applier” can be any form of device capable of performing a purification process. In a particular embodiment, the applicator applies the purification process by spraying into a generally enclosed space.

[0079] As used herein, the term “article” means any solid article or object that may be susceptible to contamination by pathogens. As used herein, the term “generally enclosed space” means a room, tent, building, or any generally enclosed and potentially susceptible man-made structure. The term “generally enclosed space” is not limited to man-made structures, although the embodiments shown herein may be preferably intended for the purification of such structures.

[0080] As used herein, the term “sensor” can refer to any type of sensor suitable for detecting contamination in a device, surface, or generally enclosed space. Examples of sensors include, but are not limited to, light sensors, current sensors, weight sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, or any type of biosensor.

[0081] As used herein, the term “shear” refers to the process of using force to break liquid particles into discrete groups that move and flow as charged, independent subgroups of sheared particles until the groups of particles are transformed into a mist in the liquid phase. As used herein, the term “mist” refers to a clump of aerosol droplets. As used herein, the term "aerosol" is a colloid of fine droplets with a diameter of about 1 to about 20 micrometers.

[0082] As used herein, the terms "cleaning liquid" or "purifying liquid" refer to the use of a source of active material to purify articles or substantially enclosed spaces. Preferred active materials are hydroxyl ions, and preferred sources are hydrogen peroxide. Sources may be more complex substances that generate hydroxyl ions upon reaction or decomposition. Examples of such more complex substances include peracetic acid (CH2COO-OH H2O), sodium percarbonate (2Na2CO3 3H2O2), and glutaraldehyde (CH8O2). Cleaning liquids may also include promoters that help the active material complete its attack on biological microorganisms. Examples of such promoters include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, isopropanol, enzymes, fatty acids, and acids. Cleaning liquids can be of any operable type. Cleaning liquids must contain an activatable substance. Preferred cleaning liquids include a source of hydroxyl ions (OH-) for subsequent activation. This source may be hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or a precursor substance that generates hydroxyl ions. Other sources of hydroxyl ions may be used as needed. Examples of other operable sources of hydroxyl ions include peracetic acid (CH2COO-OH H2O), sodium percarbonate (2Na2CO3+3H2O2), and glutaraldehyde (CH8O2). Other activatable substances and sources of such other activatable substances may also be used.

[0083] The cleaning liquid may also contain promoters that are not themselves sources of activatable substances such as hydroxyl ions, but rather modify the purification reaction in a beneficial way. For example, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) may be used in conjunction with metal instructions.Page 11 / 24 15 CN 121419793 A Ions and allow activated substances to more easily disrupt cell walls; for example, alcohols such as isopropanol can improve the wettability of the mist to cells; enzymes can accelerate or enhance the redox reaction of activated substances attacking the cell wall; fatty acids can act as auxiliary antimicrobial agents and may combine with free radicals to produce residual antimicrobial activity; acids such as citric acid, lactic acid or oxalic acid can accelerate or enhance redox reactions and may act as auxiliary antimicrobial agents for pH-sensitive organisms. Mixtures of various activatable substances and various promoting substances can also be used. The cleaning liquid is preferably an aqueous solution, but can also be an organic solution such as alcohol. The source of the cleaning liquid can be the cleaning liquid itself or a source of cleaning liquid precursors that undergo chemical reactions or decomposition to produce the cleaning liquid.

[0084] As used herein, the term “non-thermal plasma actuator” or “applier” refers to an actuator that activates the cleaning liquid to an activated state, such as an ionized, plasma or free radical state, which returns to an inactivated state over time (a process referred to as “reorganization”). To complete activation, the activator generates activation energy, such as electrical energy or photon energy. Photon energy can be generated by a laser. Examples of activators include AC electric fields, AC arcs, DC electric fields, pulsed DC electric fields, DC arcs, electron beams, ion beams, microwave beams, radio frequency beams, and ultraviolet beams. The activator may include a tuner that adjusts the amplitude, frequency, waveform, or other characteristics of the activation energy to achieve the desired, typically maximum, recombination time of the activated clean liquid mist. As used herein, the term "plasma-activated ion particles" refers to activated OH- ions.

[0085] Aspects of this application relate to a multi-configuration system for purification, comprising: one or more sensors, one or more applicators, and a system controller, wherein when one or more sensors detect the presence of microorganisms, the system controller commands one or more applicators to initiate the purification process.

[0086] Method Used

[0087] Aspects of this application relate to a method for controlling the purification of a generally enclosed space, comprising: detecting the presence of microorganisms in the generally enclosed space, wherein the presence of microorganisms is sensed by one or more sensors present in the generally enclosed space; alerting a system controller to the presence of microorganisms in the generally enclosed space, wherein the system controller is networked with one or more sensors; notifying an operator device of the presence of microorganisms in the generally enclosed space, wherein the operator device is networked with the system controller; initiating a purification process to remove the presence of microorganisms in the generally enclosed space, wherein the purification process is applied by one or more applicators networked with the system controller, and wherein one or more applicators are present in the generally enclosed space; and wherein the system controller initiates the purification process via one or more applicators after the following steps: (1) commanding from the operatorInitiation of a purification process in the device; or (2) command to initiate a purification process via an event subsystem, wherein the event subsystem is a non-transitory, touchable, computer-readable medium comprising instructions to purify a generally enclosed space.

[0088] In some embodiments, the control system uses a general-purpose computer to execute instructions for repeating a purification cycle of the purification device, the instructions including: sensing the presence of a pathogen in a generally enclosed space; communicating the presence of the pathogen to a computer database; identifying the pathogen sensed in the generally enclosed space using the computer database; selecting a procedure for the purification cycle from the computer database based on the identity of the pathogen; communicating the selected procedure to the purification device, wherein the purification device is networked to automatically follow the procedure; and executing the purification cycle according to the procedure.

[0089] Some examples of embodiments of the purification device, system, or method of this disclosure include shipping containers. For example, a shipping container may be equipped with a purification system that can sense pathogen load inside or on the surface of the container. Exemplary systems may provide information about the pathogen load to parties equipped to receive data. In some embodiments, the system may print or record the data.

[0090] Other examples of embodiments of the purification device, system, or method of this disclosure include import, export, travel quarantine zones, or checkpoints. In some embodiments, the system includes a pedestrian space or tunnel, a conveyor system, a moving walkway, or any other suitable means for allowing moving persons or objects to pass through a mist generated by the purification system. Specification 12 / 24 pages 16 CN 121419793 A

[0091] Other examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include vehicles. In some embodiments, a vehicle is an automobile, truck, bus, train, airplane, or any other form of transport intended for the movement of goods or passengers. In a further embodiment, the vehicle is an autonomous vehicle.

[0092] Other examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include space travel, space isolation, or structures that do not exist on Earth.

[0093] Some examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include food processing / preparation systems. In some embodiments, the system includes sensors, such as photodetectors, to activate the device. In some embodiments, the system includes sensors for detecting pathogen load.

[0094] Other examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include autonomous robots wirelessly networked with a custom-engineered system. For example, autonomous robots equipped with purification systems can move around spaces or facilities, detecting contamination through single or multiple sensors of the same or different types, and responding to instructions received from custom-engineered systems. Autonomous robots equipped with purification systems and networked with custom-engineered systems can treat contaminated surfaces or spaces until the bioburden in the target area is reduced.

[0095] Other examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include rapid deployment rooms for emergency biocontamination.

[0096] Other examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include farms, ranches, livestock facilities, or slaughterhouses. As a non-limiting example, purification apparatus or systems may be installed in poultry facilities such as chicken coops or dairy collection facilities.

[0097] Other examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include, but are not limited to, gyms, studios, training facilities, or bathrooms.

[0098] Other examples of embodiments using the purification apparatus, system, or method of this disclosure include buildings with purification systems integrated into building systems for purifying the entire building or specific areas of a building. In some embodiments, the system is integrated into a new building. In other embodiments, the system is integrated into an existing building's automation or ventilation system. In some embodiments, the purification system or apparatus of this disclosure is programmable or automated.

[0099] In this application, effective disinfection using activated hydroxyl ions depends on the surface area of ​​the droplets applied to the surface; that is, the smaller the droplets, the larger the surface area of ​​activated hydroxyl ions across the cloud of droplets, and therefore the more effective the disinfection method. In fact, immersing the surface for disinfection weakens the effectiveness of activated hydroxyl ions because once the surface is immersed, the activated ions do not come into contact with bacteria for disinfection.

[0100] Activation of the cleaning liquid to generate activated hydroxyl ions can occur through the channels of the liquid, such as by electric arc current, electromagnetic field, or photon energy. The liquid can be generated as a spray, for example by atomization, ultrasound, pneumatic spraying, or mechanical pressure. However, a blower is not used to generate the spray in the method of this application because a blower would produce a powerful flow of large droplets that would utilize the liquid to penetrate the surface, both of which would weaken the effect of any activated hydroxyl ions.

[0101] The method of this application requires the generation of a very dry mist (such as very small diameter aerosol particles as described herein) that carries activated hydroxyl ions through space to the surface for purification. Before recombination, the activated hydroxyl ions come into contact with the pathogen to form harmless diatomic oxygen and water (an advantage of the method described herein is that no chemical residue remains on the disinfected surface). Preferred embodiments used in this application, for example, include a cleaning liquid comprising 0.3% to 9% hydrogen peroxide as the source of the active substance for the decontamination of articles or substantially enclosed spaces. The preferred aerosol droplets carrying the activated hydroxyl ions have a diameter of 0.3 to 1.0 micrometers, with a most preferred average diameter of 0.7 micrometers. Therefore, any automated system applying this method requires stringent performance parameters. Specification 13 / 24 pages 17 CN 121419793 A

[0102] US Patent No. 10,391,188Preferred methods and techniques suitable for purification processes are discussed, and this patent is incorporated herein by reference. Activation of a purification liquid mist produces an activated purification liquid mist. Activation generates activated substances of the purification liquid material within the mist, such as purification liquid material in an ionized, plasma, or radical state. At least a portion of the activatable substances is activated, and in some cases, some of the promoting substances (if any) are activated. To improve the efficiency of the purification process, a high yield of activated substances is required, but it is not necessary for all or even most of the activatable substances to achieve an activated state. Any operable activator can be used. The activation field or beam can be an electric field or an optical field. Examples include AC electric fields, AC arcs, DC electric fields, DC arcs, electron beams, ion beams, microwave beams, radio frequency beams, and ultraviolet beams generated by lasers or other sources. The activator excites at least some of the activatable substances of the purification liquid in the purification liquid mist into an ionized, plasma, or radical state, thereby achieving "activation." These activated substances undergo redox reactions with the cell walls of microorganisms, thereby destroying the cells or at least preventing their reproduction and growth. In the case of hydrogen peroxide, at least some of the H2O2 molecules decompose to produce hydroxyl (OH-) and monatomic oxygen (O-) ion-activated substances. These activated substances remain in a dissociated state for a period of time, typically a few seconds or longer, during which time they attack and destroy biological microorganisms. The activator is preferably adjustable in terms of the frequency, waveform, amplitude, or other characteristics of the activation field or beam to optimize it for maximum recombination time for biological microbial action. In the case of hydrogen peroxide, the dissociated activated substances recombine to form diatomic oxygen and water, i.e., harmless molecules.

[0103] The exemplary purification device / system of this disclosure includes an applicator with a cold plasma arc that splits a hydrogen peroxide-based solution into reactive oxygen species, including hydroxyl radicals, which seek out, kill, and inactivate pathogens. The activated particles generated by the applicator kill or inactivate a variety of pathogens and are safe for sensitive equipment. Overall, the purification device / system of this disclosure allows for the effective treatment of an exemplary space of 104 square meters in about 75 minutes, including application time, contact time, and ventilation time. The purification device / system disclosed herein is scalable and configurable to be effective in any size or volume of a space / room / chamber / container. Scalability can be achieved by the size of the device, by manual control of the purification liquid, or by programming the device's air pressure and the resulting liquid flow rate as a function of input space / room / chamber / container parameters.

[0104] Conventional purification methods are less effective in purifying enclosed spaces. This application discloses purification using a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide in small enclosed spaces, semi-enclosed spaces, and enclosed areas (small enclosed space refers to 12" xAreas of 12" x 12" or smaller; semi-enclosed spaces refer to areas of a small enclosed space that are partially open to other areas; enclosed areas refer to areas of a small enclosed space that are not open to other areas at all. These provide unexpectedly high kill rates against pathogens (including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, or viruses) such as Candida auris.

[0105] The very dry mist is in which the particles have particle diameters of approximately 0.1 to 0.2 micrometers, 0.1 to 0.3 micrometers, 0.1 to 0.4 micrometers, 0.1 to 0.5 micrometers, 0.1 to 0.6 micrometers, 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers, 0.1 to 0.8 micrometers, 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers, 0.1 to 1 micrometers, 1 to 1.1 micrometers, 1 to 1.2 micrometers, 1 to 1.3 micrometers, 1 to 1.4 micrometers, 1 to 1.5 micrometers, 1 to 1.6 micrometers, 1 to 1.7 micrometers, 1 to 1.8 micrometers, 1 to 1.9 micrometers, 1 to 2 micrometers, 0.5 to 0.6 micrometers, 0.5 to 0.7 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, etc. A mist with a diameter of 0.8 micrometers, 0.5 to 0.9 micrometers, 0.5 to 1 micrometer, 0.5 to 1.1 micrometers, 0.5 to 1.2 micrometers, 0.5 to 1.3 micrometers, 0.5 to 1.4 micrometers, 0.5 to 1.6 micrometers, 0.5 to 1.7 micrometers, 0.5 to 1.8 micrometers, 0.5 to 1.9 micrometers, 0.5 to 2 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.1 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.2 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.3 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.4 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.5 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.6 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.7 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.8 micrometers, 0.5 to 2.9 micrometers, 0.5 to 3 micrometers, 0.5 to 3.1 micrometers, 0.5 to 3.2 micrometers, 0.5 to 3.3 micrometers, 0.5 to 3.4 micrometers, or 0.5 to 3.5 micrometers. In some embodiments, the very dry mist has particles with a diameter ranging from about 0.5 to 3 micrometers, preferably averaging 0.7 micrometers.

[0106] In some embodiments, the custom-engineered system described herein monitors the size of the generated aerosol droplets such that aerosol droplets carrying activated hydroxyl ions form the very dry mist described herein. In a preferred embodiment, at least 80%, 90%, 95%, and 100% of the aerosol droplets have a diameter ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 micrometers. In a specific embodiment, the size of the aerosol droplets is monitored by using laser scanning of the aerosol droplet size. Optical measurements can be performed using a sensor or particle detector placed in a detection zone after the activation point of the hydroxyl ions on the aerosol droplets; the sensor can be an optical particle counter (OPC), a laser particle counter (LPC), or a condensed particle counter (CPC). The OPC or LPC can detect droplets larger than 0.1 micrometers.Micrometer-sized particles. The custom engineering system is equipped with the computer processor described herein, which receives data on the size range of aerosol droplets carrying activated hydroxyl ions. The custom engineering system is programmed to adjust control parameters that control the size of particles in a very dry mist to maintain the number of aerosol droplet sizes within the desired range.

[0107] The custom engineering system includes a programming clock and provides pressure control and liquid flow control through the use of one or more potentiometers. The programming clock can provide the ability to automate cycles of purification in small, enclosed spaces. A purification cycle controlled by the programming clock can include, for example, spraying a very dry mist for thirty seconds, stopping spraying for ten seconds, and then restarting spraying for thirty seconds, repeating such cycles within fixed time intervals. The programming clock can be manually set by the user or remotely controlled by the user wirelessly, or controlled by the computer processor using pre-programmed purification cycles that can be transmitted to the device for deployment.

[0108] In some embodiments, the time period during spraying may be 10 to 1800 seconds, 10 to 1200 seconds, 10 to 900 seconds, 10 to 600 seconds, 10 to 300 seconds, 10 to 180 seconds, 10 to 150 seconds, 10 to 120 seconds, 10 to 90 seconds, 10 to 60 seconds, 10 to 45 seconds, 10 to 30 seconds, 30 to 1800 seconds, 30 to 1200 seconds, 30 to 900 seconds, 30 to 600 seconds, 30 to 300 seconds, 30 to 180 seconds, 30 to 150 seconds, 30 to 120 seconds, 30 to 90 seconds, 30 to 60 seconds, 30 to 45 seconds, 60 to 1800 seconds, 60 to 1200 seconds, 60 to 900 seconds, 60 to 600 seconds, 60 to 300 seconds. 60 to 180 seconds, 60 to 150 seconds, 60 to 120 seconds, 60 to 90 seconds, 90 to 1800 seconds, 90 to 1200 seconds, 90 to 900 seconds, 90 to 600 seconds, 90 to 300 seconds, 90 to 180 seconds, 90 to 150 seconds, 90 to 120 seconds, 120 to 1800 seconds, 120 to 1200 seconds, 120 to 900 seconds, 120 to 600 seconds, 120 to 300 seconds, 120 to 180 seconds, 120 to 150 seconds, 150 to 1800 seconds, 150 to 1200 seconds, 150 to 900 seconds, 150 to 600 seconds. 150 to 300 seconds, 150 to 180 seconds, 180 to 1800 seconds, 180 to 1200 seconds, 180 to 900 seconds, 180 to 600 seconds, 180 to 300 seconds, 300 to 1800 seconds, 300 to 1200 seconds, 300 to 900 seconds, 300 to 600 seconds, 600 to 1800 seconds, 600 to 1200 seconds, 600 to 900 seconds, 900 to 1800 seconds, 900 to 1200 seconds, or 1200 to 1800 seconds.

[0109] In some embodiments, the time interval between two consecutive sprays can be 1 to 600 seconds, 1 to 300 seconds, 1 to 180 seconds, 1 to 150 seconds, 1 to 120 seconds, 1 to 90 seconds, 1 to 60 seconds, 1 to 45 seconds, 1 to 30 seconds, 1 to 15 seconds, 10 to 600 seconds, 10 to 300 seconds, 10 to 180 seconds, 10 to 150 seconds, 10 to 120 seconds, 10 to 90 seconds, 10 to 60 seconds, 10 to 45 seconds, 10 to 30 seconds, 30 to 600 seconds, 30 to 300 seconds, 30 to 180 seconds, 30 to 150 seconds, 30 to 120 seconds, 30 to 90 seconds, 30 to 60 seconds, 30 to 45 seconds, 60 Up to 600 seconds, 60 to 300 seconds, 60 to 180 seconds, 60 to 150 seconds, 60 to 120 seconds, 60 to 90 seconds, 90 to 600 seconds, 90 to 300 seconds, 90 to 180 seconds, 90 to 150 seconds, 90 to 120 seconds, 120 to 600 seconds, 120 to 300 seconds, 120 to 180 seconds, 120 to 150 seconds, 150 to 600 seconds, 150 to 300 seconds, 150 to 180 seconds, 180 to 600 seconds, 180 to 300 seconds, or 300 to 600 seconds. In one example, the time interval between two consecutive sprays is 60 seconds.

[0110] In some cases, the time during spraying is 90 seconds, and the interval between sprays is 60 seconds. In some embodiments, the spray cycle includes spray time and interruption time, and the complete purification process includes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 spray cycles. (Spray cycle = spray + interval to the total number of cycles.)

[0111] In some embodiments, the custom engineering system will have a computer processor that can calculate appropriate settings (e.g., flow rate, air pressure, number and length of purification cycles) to produce a very dry mist including ionized hydrogen peroxide, thereby effectively purifying enclosed spaces. In such embodiments, the user can manually input parameters of a small enclosed space into the device or remotely via a wireless connection. The operation of the system can be fully automatic, completely remotely controlled, or semi-automatic (e.g., using purification cycles executed automatically based on manually input parameters).

[0112] A common problem with conventional techniques is that excessively reducing air pressure can cause mist particles to be too large to achieve the desired mist / fog profile. Furthermore, enclosed spaces often require significantly reduced air pressure. These opposing limitations of purification systems are addressed through certain embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, by programming a processor to control a potentiometer based on input parameters from a small, enclosed space, the user can adjust the liquid flow rate in sync with the air pressure. Therefore, reducing the liquid flow rate while simultaneously reducing the air pressure keeps the mist / particle size small, while limiting the distance the spray can reach. In this way, through custom engineering...The system's mist remains within the boundaries of the enclosed space without creating an overly humid or dense mist. Therefore, the programmable balance between air pressure and liquid flow rate prevents surface saturation opposite the sprayer, increased moisture buildup due to condensation, false negatives in validation results, or increased ventilation time in the enclosed space.

[0113] Backpack for Purifying Items

[0114] An aspect of this application is a backpack for purifying items or a generally enclosed space, comprising the following features: an applicator for spraying; shearing a cleaning liquid into a mist comprising aerosol droplets accumulating in a top chamber portion of a generally enclosed chamber comprising a funnel-shaped top chamber portion, a bottom chamber portion, a side chamber portion, and an inner chamber portion, wherein the cleaning liquid is sheared by ultrasonic cavitation; subjecting the mist to a non-thermal plasma actuator to form plasma-activated ion particles, wherein the actuator has a column that generates a cold plasma arc; and contacting the items or generally enclosed space with the plasma-activated ion particles by lowering the position of the electrodes of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and enhancing purification by using a DC voltage source.

[0115] An aspect of this application is a backpack for purifying articles, surfaces, or generally enclosed spaces, comprising the following features: a spray-oriented applicator; cavitation of the cleaning liquid by using an ultrasonic cavitator immersed in a generally enclosed chamber comprising a cleaning liquid, shearing the cleaning liquid into a mist comprising aerosol droplets; subjecting the mist to a non-thermal plasma actuator in an outlet tube extending from an opening in a top chamber portion of the generally enclosed chamber, wherein the outlet tube comprises a hollow cavity having a distal opening above the top chamber portion for discharging aerosol droplets to form plasma-activated ionic particles; and contacting the articles, surfaces, or generally enclosed spaces with the plasma-activated ionic particles by lowering the position of the electrodes of a column that generates a cold plasma arc and enhancing purification by using a DC voltage source.

[0116] An aspect of this application is a backpack for purifying small enclosed spaces, comprising the following features: an applicator for spraying; input parameters of the small enclosed space are input into a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of a cleaning liquid in the backpack, activating a purification cycle of the backpack, wherein the purification cycle comprises the following features: providing a reservoir for the cleaning liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide of the cleaning liquid; dispersing the very dry mist by high-pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles having a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers; wherein the generated very dry mist is applied to purify a generally small enclosed space; wherein the ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water; wherein the...The liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by controlling the air valve, and the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by lowering the electrode position of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source.

[0117] An aspect of this application is a system for purifying a small enclosed space, including a backpack; a spray applicator; and a computer processor, wherein the computer processor is networked and communicates with the backpack, wherein input parameters of the small enclosed space are input to the computer processor, and wherein the computer processor is programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the cleaning liquid in the backpack. (Specification 16 / 24 pages 20 CN 121419793 A) The liquid properties of the cleaning liquid, wherein a computer processor is programmed to activate a purification cycle of the backpack, the purification cycle comprising: providing a reservoir of the cleaning liquid; setting determined liquid properties of the cleaning liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide of the cleaning liquid; dispersing the very dry mist by high pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles having a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers; applying the generated very dry mist to purify a generally small enclosed space; wherein the ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water; wherein the determined liquid properties of the cleaning liquid are set by controlling an air valve; and wherein the purification of the ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by lowering the position of the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source.

[0118] In some embodiments, the user is manually operating the backpack. In some embodiments, the backpack is handheld for manual operation. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space include: the size of the small enclosed space, the position of the backpack relative to the boundary of the small enclosed space, and the air temperature, pressure, and humidity of the small enclosed space. In some embodiments, setting the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid includes air pressure and liquid flow rate. In some embodiments, a programming processing unit controls a potentiometer, thereby controlling an air valve. In some embodiments, the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are adjusted by the size and shape of the tube located at the outlet where the cleaning liquid leaves the backpack. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter size in the range of 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by reducing the air pressure and liquid flow rate to below a predetermined standard air pressure and a predetermined standard liquid flow rate, respectively. In some embodiments, the user inputs input parameters of a small enclosed space into the processing unit, wherein the processing unit is further programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the backpack. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter size in the range of 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are manually input. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are determined by...Multiple sensor measurements are networked to the processing unit. In some embodiments, the processing unit and the backpack communicate wirelessly.

[0119] Low-flow nozzle body for purifying articles

[0120] An aspect of this application is a low-flow nozzle body for purifying articles or generally enclosed spaces, comprising the following features: a general-purpose applicator; shearing a cleaning liquid into a mist comprising aerosol droplets accumulating in a top chamber portion of a generally enclosed chamber, the chamber comprising a funnel-shaped top chamber portion, a bottom chamber portion, a side chamber portion, and an inner chamber portion, wherein the cleaning liquid is sheared by ultrasonic cavitation; subjecting the mist to a non-thermal plasma actuator to form plasma-activated ion particles, wherein the actuator has a column that generates a cold plasma arc; and contacting the article or generally enclosed space with the plasma-activated ion particles by lowering the electrode position of the column that generates the cold plasma arc and enhancing the purification of ionized hydrogen peroxide by using a DC voltage source.

[0121] An aspect of this application is a low-flow nozzle body for purifying articles, surfaces, or generally enclosed spaces, comprising the following features: a general-purpose applicator; cavitation of the cleaning liquid by using an ultrasonic cavitator immersed in a generally enclosed chamber comprising a cleaning liquid, shearing the cleaning liquid into a mist comprising aerosol droplets; subjecting the mist to a non-thermal plasma actuator in an outlet tube extending from an opening in a top chamber portion of the generally enclosed chamber, wherein the outlet tube comprises a hollow cavity having a distal opening above the top chamber portion for discharging aerosol droplets to form plasma-activated ion particles; and contacting the article, surface, or generally enclosed space with the plasma-activated ion particles by lowering the position of the electrodes of the column that generates a cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source to enhance purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide.

[0122] An aspect of this application is a low-flow nozzle body for purifying small enclosed spaces, comprising the following features: a 90-degree applicator; inputting input parameters of the small enclosed space into a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the low-flow nozzle body, activating a purification cycle of the low-flow nozzle body, wherein the purification cycle comprises the following features: providing a reservoir for the cleaning liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide of the cleaning liquid, dispersing the very dry mist by high-pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles having a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers, wherein the generated very dry mist is applied to purify a generally small enclosed space, wherein the ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water, wherein the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by controlling an air valve, by...The position of the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc is lowered and the purification of ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by using a DC voltage source.

[0123] An aspect of this application is a system for purifying a small, enclosed space, comprising a low-flow nozzle body; a general-purpose applicator; and a computer processor, wherein the computer processor is networked and communicates with the low-flow nozzle body, wherein input parameters of the small, enclosed space are input to the computer processor, wherein the computer processor is programmed based on the input parameters of the small, enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of a cleaning liquid in the low-flow nozzle body, wherein the computer processor is also programmed to activate a purification cycle of the low-flow nozzle body, the purification cycle comprising: providing a reservoir of cleaning liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide of the cleaning liquid; dispersing the very dry mist by high-pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist has particles with a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers; applying the generated very dry mist to purify a generally small, enclosed space; wherein the ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water; wherein the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by controlling an air valve; and wherein the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by lowering the position of the electrode of the column that generates a cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source.

[0124] An aspect of this application is a low-flow nozzle body for purifying a space, the low-flow nozzle body comprising the following features: a general-purpose applicator; input parameters of the space to a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is programmed based on the input parameters of the space containing the fresh produce to determine the liquid characteristics of a purifying liquid in an ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purifying liquid comprises hydrogen peroxide; activating a purification cycle of the ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purification cycle comprises the following features: providing a reservoir for the purifying liquid; setting the determined liquid characteristics of the purifying liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide of the purifying liquid, wherein the ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide mist of the purifying liquid passes through a cold plasma arc, wherein the mist is ionized by the cold plasma arc such that the mist comprises ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale range with an average diameter of 40.3 nm, a mode of 33.4 nm, and a standard deviation of 30.9 nm, and the very dry mist has a particle size diameter of 0.1 to 0. A mist in the range of 0.9 micrometers; the generated very dry mist is applied to the surface within the space, where ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water on the surface, and where, thirty minutes after entering the space containing fresh produce via a cold plasma arc, ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale remain in the space containing fresh produce, by lowering the position of the electrodes of the column generating the cold plasma arc and by using a DC voltage source to enhance the effect of ionized hydrogen peroxide.Purification of hydrogen sulfide.

[0125] In some embodiments, the user manually operates the low-flow nozzle body. In some embodiments, the low-flow nozzle body is handheld for manual operation.

[0126] In some embodiments, the input parameters for the small enclosed space include: the size of the small enclosed space, the position of the low-flow nozzle body relative to the boundary of the small enclosed space, and the air temperature, pressure, and humidity of the small enclosed space.

[0127] In some embodiments, the user manually operates the low-flow nozzle body. In some embodiments, the low-flow nozzle body is handheld for manual operation. In some embodiments, the input parameters for the small enclosed space include: the size of the small enclosed space, the position of the low-flow nozzle body relative to the boundary of the small enclosed space, and the air temperature, pressure, and humidity of the small enclosed space. In some embodiments, setting the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid includes air pressure and liquid flow rate. In some embodiments, the air valve is controlled by a programming processing unit to control a potentiometer. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are adjusted by the size and shape of the tube located at the cleaning liquid outlet exiting the low-flow nozzle body. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by reducing the air pressure and liquid flow rate to below predetermined standard air pressure and predetermined standard liquid flow rate, respectively. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the low-flow nozzle body are determined using input parameters of a small enclosed space, wherein the processing unit is further programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are manually entered. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are measured by multiple sensors networked with the processing unit. In some embodiments, setting the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid includes air pressure and liquid flow rate. In some embodiments, the processing unit is programmed to control a potentiometer, thereby controlling an air valve. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are adjusted by the size and shape of the tube located at the cleaning liquid outlet away from the low-flow nozzle body. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by reducing the air pressure and liquid flow rate to below predetermined standard air pressure and predetermined standard liquid flow rate, respectively. In some embodiments, the processing unit is further programmed based on input parameters of a small enclosed space to determine the low flow rate.Liquid properties of the cleaning fluid in the nozzle body. In some embodiments, the very dry mist comprises particles with diameters ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are manually entered. In some embodiments, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are measured by multiple sensors networked with the processing unit.

[0128] The present application is further illustrated by the following embodiments, but these embodiments should not be construed as limiting. All references, patents and published patent applications cited in this application, as well as the contents of the drawings and tables, are incorporated herein by reference.

[0129] Examples

[0130] Example 1.

[0131] In a first test series, the same culture of Serratia marcescens was prepared by inoculation on filter paper. One sample was incubated in air at 30°C for 24 hours as a control. Significant growth of the bacterial culture was observed. The second sample was exposed to a 3% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution mist (unactivated) for 60 seconds in air at one atmosphere, followed by incubation in air at 30°C for 24 hours. Significant growth of bacterial cultures was observed. The third sample was exposed to a 3% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution mist activated by a 10.5 kV AC arc, placed in air at one atmosphere for 60 seconds, and then incubated in air at 30°C for 24 hours. This sample did not show growth of bacterial cultures because the bacterial cultures were killed by the treatment. After demonstrating that activation treatment inhibited growth with the 3% hydrogen peroxide mist, other corresponding samples were tested using hydrogen peroxide mists at concentrations of 1.5%, 0.75%, 0.3%, and 0% ("activated" water vapor only), exposed in air at one atmosphere for 60 seconds, and incubated as described. Samples exposed to 1.5% and 0.75% hydrogen peroxide mist showed no growth. Samples exposed to 0.3% hydrogen peroxide mist showed very slight growth. Samples exposed to 0% hydrogen peroxide mist showed significant growth of bacterial cultures.

[0132] Example 2.

[0133] For the second and third test series, a pipe simulation structure was established. The pipe simulation structure was a vertically placed pipe approximately 10 inches in diameter and 10 feet long. A nebulizer and activator were located at the top of the pipe, and a fan operating at an airflow of approximately 350 to 400 cubic feet per minute was located at the bottom of the pipe to induce airflow downward through the pipe. Test ports were located 1 foot, 2 feet, 4 feet, and 6 feet from the top of the pipe, and the samples to be tested were inserted into the respective ports.

[0134] In the second test series, bacterial spore strips (each approximately 3 / 4 inch long and 1 / 4 inch wide) were used.Each test port of the simulated pipe structure was filled with approximately 10⁶ thermophilic bacillus spores (1 inch wide). After testing, the samples were incubated at 50°C for seven days. In the first test sample series, only air (without hydrogen peroxide) flowed over the sample for 15 seconds. Significant growth of bacterial cultures was observed at all test ports after incubation. In the second sample series, a 6% (v / v) hydrogen peroxide mist was generated but not activated and flowed over the sample for 15 seconds. Similar to the first test sample series, significant growth of bacterial cultures was observed at all test ports. In the third sample series, this process was repeated, but the 6% hydrogen peroxide mist was activated by a 15 kV AC arc. No growth of bacterial cultures was observed at any test port. These results for *Bacillus stearothermophilus* are significant because this bacterium is known to be resistant to growth control using conventional low-percentage, inactive hydrogen peroxide treatment.

[0135] Example 3.

[0136] In the third test series, bacterial spore strips similar to those described above were used, except that the bacteria were *Bacillus subtilis* var. *niger*. *Bacillus subtilis* var. *niger* is a recognized alternative to *Bacillus anthracis*, both belonging to the same genus and causing anthrax. Because of its similarity to *Bacillus anthracis*, *Bacillus subtilis* var. *niger* was used in laboratory tests to study the growth and control of anthrax without the risk of infection or transmission of anthrax. In the first test sample series, only air (without hydrogen peroxide) flowed through the sample for 15 seconds. Significant growth of bacterial cultures was observed after incubation of samples from all ports. In the second sample series, a 6% (v / v) hydrogen peroxide mist was produced but not activated and flowed over the sample for 15 seconds. As with the first test sample series, the same significant growth of bacterial cultures was observed at all ports. In the third sample series, this process was repeated, but the 6% hydrogen peroxide mist was activated by a 15 kV AC arc. No bacterial culture growth was observed at any port. This test confirms that this method can control the growth of anthrax surrogates in the pipe-simulated structure.

[0137] Example 4.

[0138] In further testing, ultrasonic cavitation of the cleaning liquid produced a low-pressure, low-flow mist, resulting in better killing effect.

[0139] For this test, a 16x16x16 inch box was constructed, with the nozzle of the purification device passing through the bottom of the box in the center of the bottom panel.

[0140] 6 to Log biological (Bacillus thermophilus) and chemical (iodine H2O2) indicators were placed in the center of all vertical panels. The biological and chemical indicators were also placed on the bottom panel of the box, adjacent to the nozzle.

[0141] The activated mist was injected into the box for one minute and allowed to remain for five minutes.

[0142] The biological indicator was then removed from the box and incubated for 7 days. After incubation, the biological indicator was examined and the results showed that the bacterial kill rate was 6 log.

[0143] Although specific embodiments have been described in detail for illustrative purposes, various modifications and enhancements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0144] Example 5.

[0145] In efficacy testing, the purification device / system of this disclosure was tested against a variety of bacterial spores and Gram-negative bacteria (including a variety of drug-resistant bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, molds and viruses). Using the steps described in this disclosure, the log10 reduction of organisms in the following table was determined:

[0146]

[0147] The results in the table show that the purification device / system of this disclosure is an effective broad-spectrum surface and air disinfectant / purifier. It is effective against bacterial spores, Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, multidrug-resistant bacteria, molds, and viruses. The purification device / system is effective for the mitigation and remediation of bacteria and viruses, as well as their elimination.

[0148] The purification cycle discussed herein involves the process of converting hydrogen peroxide solution into ionized hydrogen peroxide after passing through an atmospheric cold plasma arc. Ionized hydrogen peroxide contains a high concentration of reactive oxides, primarily composed of hydroxyl radicals. 21 / 24 pages 25 CN 121419793 A Reactive oxides damage pathogenic organisms through the oxidation of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. This leads to cell damage and / or dysfunction and allows for disinfection / purification in target areas, including large spaces.

[0149] In some embodiments used for direct application to surfaces, the ionized hydrogen peroxide has a particle size of 0.5 to 3 micrometers, a flow rate of 50 ml per minute, a dosage application of 1 ml per square foot, an application time of 5 seconds per square foot of treated area, and a contact time of 7 minutes to disinfect / purify high-contact surfaces. In a specific embodiment, the solution used is formulated to be free of silver, chlorine, and peracetic acid, thereby maximizing the compatibility of the material with rubber, metal, and other surfaces. In other embodiments, effective whole-room treatment can be achieved within 45 minutes for rooms exceeding 3500 cubic feet. In such embodiments, the flow rate can be 25 ml per minute per applicator (depending on room size), and the dosage application is 0.5 ml per cubic foot. Once the hydrogen peroxide concentration is below 0.2 ppm, the room can be safely entered. Treatment time, dosage, residence time, etc., can be adjusted according to the user's desired purification goals.

[0150] Example 6.

[0151] In one example, applied directly to a surface, it purifies a small, enclosed space. The small container used for treatment measures 12” x 12” x 12”. One of the objectives of this example is to keep the particle size of the atomized mist / fume small enough (e.g., 0.5 to 3 micrometers) to avoid excessively dense mist leading to moisture buildup and increased aeration time, which could result in false negative validation results. In this example, four injections were performed, with a 60-second interval between each two consecutive injections, and a pulsed program running for approximately 90 seconds during each injection. Due to the reduced container size, the air pressure within the purification device is reduced to well below the standard pressure range (e.g., 25 to 50 psi) to 15 psi. To prevent the pressure reduction from producing undesirable large sizes of the mist / mist particles, the liquid flow rate is also reduced to well below the standard range (e.g., 25 to 50 ml per minute) to 10 to 12 ml per minute. Treatment time, dosage, residence time, etc., can be adjusted according to the user's desired purification goals. This very dry mist unexpectedly improved the kill rate of pathogens on surfaces in small, enclosed spaces.

[0152] Example 7.

[0153] The applicant improved the effectiveness of its cleaning fluid in breaking double bonds by redesigning the following aspects: lowering the electrode post in the applicator and changing the arc power supply from AC voltage to DC voltage. Lowering the electrode post allows the arc discharge to be positioned more effectively to activate the cleaning fluid before the cleaning solution is dispersed into the treatment area. Changing the arc power supply from AC voltage to DC voltage enhances the uniform charge characteristics of the droplets. This results in a larger proportion of droplets repelling each other and seeking equilibrium. It also increases air ionization, making it easier for charged droplets to contact the surface.

[0154] Lowering the electrode post position allows the electrodes to be closer to the cleaning fluid solution, which, when the cleaning fluid solution flows out of the nozzle in the form of a stream, becomes a mist in the atmosphere and forms a fan shape before the stream fully combines with the air. In one embodiment, the user allows the mist of the cleaning fluid solution to flow through a funnel in the nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body includes a funnel; a first region A, a second region B, and a third region C, wherein the first region A has the same inner diameter as the funnel at the narrowest inner diameter of the funnel; wherein region B follows region A and has a larger inner diameter than region A. A thicker solid wall (creating an external stepped pattern between regions A and B, and optionally between regions B and C), wherein the mist flows from region A through region B, and wherein the inner diameter of region B through which the mist flows is the same as the inner diameter of region A; wherein region C receives the mist from region B, wherein the initial inner diameter of region C is the same as the inner diameter of region B, and wherein the final inner diameter of region C is larger than the inner diameter of region B; and wherein the electrode post is located within region B and between regions A and B.The location near the boundary between them, and there is a gap between the position of the electrode post and the starting point of region C (see Figures 28 and 29). The lowering of the electrode post, combined with the use of a DC voltage transformer to generate a cold plasma arc, has been shown to convert more cleaning liquid solution into hydroxyl radicals and reactant oxides by measuring the PPM level of residual H2O2 content in the cleaning liquid solution during aeration. Under the same conditions, injecting the same volume of cleaning liquid solution into the same space with the same cubic volume for multiple cycles consistently showed unexpected improvement within the + / - 5% error range of the system.

[0155] Example 8.

[0156] The backpack format provides ionic hydrogen peroxide (iHP) technology in the most compact form. The backpack format is designed with a custom backpack form feature for ultimate comfort, direct and battery-powered operation and smaller cartridge size, designed to facilitate all work from disinfection facility surfaces to isolation sites. The backpack format features comfortable, height-adjustable padded shoulder straps, a compact 32-ounce BIT solution cartridge, a rechargeable battery, and a simplified interface including simple analog switches for turning the power on and off and selecting the start or spray mode.

[0157] As with each purification unit, iHP technology simulates natural disinfection by ionizing the BIT solution through a cold plasma arc, generating a mist of 360° microparticles that kill upon contact, thus achieving rapid six-log surface purification.

[0158] The backpack format reduces microbial numbers by six-log and more, while generating particles with diameters between submicron and three micrometers, applied at a rate of five seconds per square foot. The backpack operates on a 110 to 230V or 12V battery with a 75-minute runtime and features a separate applicator integrated into the backpack. The cartridge capacity is 32 ounces, the total weight is approximately 16.2 pounds, and the dimensions are 20.5 x 15 x 6.5 inches with a four-foot cable length.

[0159] Example 9.

[0160] A custom-designed enclosed space was created for a 90-degree applicator (see Figure 23). The housing includes a Keyence flow meter. The Keyence flow meter has a much wider range. Typical McMillian flow meters can only reduce flow rates down to 13 ml / min. Keyence's range can be as low as 2 ml / min.

[0161] When injecting into a smaller space, a low flow rate is required. When using earlier nozzle bodies, intermediate pulsations were observed at low flow rates due to cavities in the nozzle and nozzle body. To address this issue, the cavities must be eliminated to...The liquid flows directly into the nozzle. Eliminating all cavities except those through which very dry mist flows results in a stable flow rate as low as 2 ml / min.

[0162] A Diener pump is used to achieve these lower flow rates within the system. This also allows for a reduction in air pressure, thus keeping the pressure within the enclosed space neutral. Compared to the KNF pump, the Diener pump also offers a greater reduction range, with a minimum reduction of 2 ml / min, while the KNF pump offers an even greater reduction range.

[0163] Early nozzle bodies used “1 / 4” tubing / fittings, while the self-cleaning nozzle body fittings are 1 / 8”. The smaller size allows for stable liquid flow at low flow rates. This improvement is beneficial for low-flow applications to eliminate cavities, thereby improving spray consistency when the flow rate is reduced to 2 to 3 ml / min. Previous tubing sizes were suitable for higher flow rates, with an average flow rate of 25 ml / min. Another change to the nozzle body is the potting of the fitting to reduce its inner diameter (see Figure 25A). This modification involves potting the fitting together with the tubing using epoxy resin (see Figure 25B). To further improve efficiency, smaller droplet sizes are achieved by using 1050 or 850 nozzles instead of 1450 nozzles. Previously, 1050 (pm) or 850 nozzles were unsuitable for this application due to clogging issues. To address this, self-cleaning nozzles were used. The threaded bore of the self-cleaning nozzle was changed to .0625 (see Figures 26A and 26B). At the end of the injection cycle, the pump is turned off, and the valve is closed to isolate the nozzle. Air is then injected into the line to blow out any residual solution (see Figure 27). This allows the nozzle to self-clean and eliminate any blockages that may occur in nozzles of sizes 1050 or even 850. The inner diameter of the barbed liquid fittings for the base nozzle body and the 1450 nozzle has been adjusted from 1 / 4 inch to 1 / 16 inch to address the pulsation issues that occurred during low flow rate settings in the past. With these improvements, a stable spray can be maintained even at flow rates as low as 3 ml / min or less. Instruction manual 23 / 24 pages 27 CN 121419793 A

[0164] Example 10.

[0165] A small pulse jet technique is employed for the application, allowing the mist to diffuse freely and to contact the surface more reliably at non-nominal temperatures. For cold-region applications, a 1050 nozzle (droplet size may range from 30 to 60 micrometers in diameter depending on the air pressure) is used with a flow rate of 9 ml / min or less and an air pressure ranging from 25 to 35 psi. The spray is applied in three cycles, each lasting between 30 and 45 seconds, with a one-minute interval between each spray to allow the mist to disperse onto the surface. In cold regions, the temperature range is between 5°C and 20°C.

[0166] The foregoing description is intended to teach those skilled in the art how to practice the invention and is not intended to enumerate all obvious modifications and variations that a person skilled in the art would understand upon reading this description. However, all such obvious modifications and variations should be included within the scope of the invention, which is defined by the following claims. The claims are intended to cover any sequence of components and steps that effectively achieve their intended purpose, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Instruction manual, page 24 / 24; 28 CN 121419793 A, Figure 1; Instruction manual drawing 1 / 18, page 29 CN 121419793 A, Figure 2; Figure 3; Instruction manual drawing 2 / 18, page 30 CN 121419793 A, Figure 4; Figure 5; Instruction manual drawing 3 / 18, page 31 CN 121419793 A, Figure 6; Figure 7; Instruction manual drawing 4 / 18, page 32 CN 121419793 A, Figure 8; Figure 9; Figure 10A; Instruction manual drawing 5 / 18, page 33 CN 121419793 A, Figure 10B; Figure 10C; Figure 10D; Figure 11A; Instruction manual drawing 6 / 18, page 34 CN 121419793 A, Figure 11B; Figure 11C; Figure 12A; Instruction manual drawing 7 / 18, page 35 CN 121419793 A, Figure 12B; Figure 12C; Figure 13A; Figure 13B Instruction manual figures 8 / 18, page 36, CN 121419793 A, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16; Instruction manual figures 9 / 18, page 37, CN 121419793 A, Figure 17, Figure 18; Instruction manual figures 10 / 18, page 38, CN 121419793 A, Figure 19, Figure 20; Instruction manual figures 11 / 18, page 39, CN 121419793 A, Figure 21; Instruction manual figures 12 / 18, page 40, CN 121419793 A, Figure 22; Instruction manual figures 13 / 18, page 41, CN 121419793 A, Figure 23; Instruction manual figures 14 / 18, page 42, CN 121419793 A, Figure 24, Figure 25A; Instruction manual figures 15 / 18, page 43, CN 121419793 A, Figure 25B, Figure 26A; Instruction manual figures 16 / 18, page 44, CN 121419793 A Figure 26B Figure 27 Instruction Manual Drawings 17 / 18 Page 45 CN 121419793 A Figure 2829. Instruction manual, figures 18 / 18, page 46, CN 121419793 A

Claims

1. A method for purifying an object or a substantially enclosed space, comprising the following steps: The cleaning liquid is sheared into a mist, the mist comprising aerosol droplets accumulating in the top chamber portion of a generally enclosed chamber, the chamber comprising a funnel-shaped top chamber portion, a bottom chamber portion, a side chamber portion, and an inner chamber portion, wherein the cleaning liquid is sheared by ultrasonic cavitation; The mist is placed in a non-thermal plasma actuator to form plasma-activated ion particles, wherein the actuator has a column that generates a cold plasma arc; and The article or substantially enclosed space is brought into contact with the plasma-activated ion particles. The position of the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc is built into the nozzle body and the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by using a DC voltage source.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The cleaning liquid is pumped into the nozzle body; Stop the pump injection of the cleaning fluid; The nozzle body is isolated by the use of a valve; wherein closing the valve prevents the cleaning liquid from entering the nozzle body. Air is injected into the nozzle body through a conduit that passes through the nozzle body; any residual cleaning liquid is discharged from the nozzle body.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The atomized material is passed through a funnel in a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body includes the funnel, a first region A, a second region B, and a third region C; wherein the first region A has the same inner diameter as the funnel at its narrowest inner diameter; wherein region B follows region A and has a solid wall thicker than region A, wherein the atomized material flows from region A through region B, and wherein the inner diameter of region B through which the atomized material flows is the same as the inner diameter of region A; wherein region C receives the atomized material from region B, wherein the initial inner diameter of region C is the same as the inner diameter of region B, and wherein the final inner diameter of region C is greater than the inner diameter of region B; and wherein an electrode post is located within region B and adjacent to the boundary between region A and region B, and wherein there is a gap between the location of the electrode post and the starting point of region C.

4. The method according to claims 1 to 3 further includes manually operating the purification device.

5. The method according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the purification device is handheld for manual operation.

6. The method according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the input parameters for the small enclosed space include: The dimensions of the small enclosed space, the position of the purification device relative to the boundary of the small enclosed space, and the air temperature, pressure, and humidity of the small enclosed space.

7. The method according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid include air pressure and liquid flow rate.

8. The method according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the air valve is controlled by programming the processing unit to control the potentiometer.

9. The method according to claims 1 to 3, wherein, The determined liquid properties of the cleaning liquid are adjusted by the size and shape of the pipe located at the outlet of the cleaning liquid leaving the purification device.

10. The method according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter size in the range of 0.1-0.7 micrometers.

11. The method according to claims 1 to 10, wherein the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by reducing the air pressure and the liquid flow rate to below a predetermined standard air pressure and a predetermined standard liquid flow rate, respectively.

12. The method according to claims 1 to 10, further comprising: Input parameters from a small, enclosed space are input into a processing unit, which is further programmed based on the input parameters of the small, enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the purification device.

13. The method according to claims 1 to 10, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles with a diameter size in the range of 0.1 to 0.7 micrometers.

14. The method according to claims 1 to 13, wherein the input parameters for the small enclosed space are manually input.

15. The method according to claims 1 to 14, wherein the input parameters of the small enclosed space are measured by a plurality of sensors in network communication with the processing unit.

16. The method according to claims 11 to 15, wherein the processing unit and the purification device are wirelessly connected.

17. A system for purifying small, enclosed spaces, the system comprising a purification device and a computer processor, wherein, The computer processor communicates with the purification device via a network. Specifically, the input parameters of the small enclosed space are input into the computer processor. The computer processor is programmed based on the input parameters of the small enclosed space to determine the liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid in the purification device. The computer processor is further programmed to activate a purification cycle of the purification device, the purification cycle comprising the following steps: providing a reservoir for the cleaning liquid; setting the determined liquid properties of the cleaning liquid; generating a very dry mist comprising ionized hydrogen peroxide of the cleaning liquid; and dispersing the very dry mist by high-pressure drive, wherein the very dry mist comprises particles having a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers. The application of the generated very dry mist purifies the small, enclosed space, wherein the ionized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water. Specifically, the determined liquid characteristics of the cleaning liquid are set by controlling the air valve. The purification process using ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by embedding the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc within the nozzle body and using a DC voltage source.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the purification device is manually operated.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the purification device is handheld for manual operation.

20. A method for purifying a space, the method comprising the following steps: Input parameters of the space are input to the processing unit, wherein the processing unit is programmed based on the input parameters of the space containing the fresh agricultural products to determine the liquid characteristics of the purified liquid in the ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purified liquid includes hydrogen peroxide. Activate the purification cycle of the ionization / aerosolization and activation device, wherein the purification cycle includes the following steps: Provide a storage container for the purified liquid; The liquid properties of the purified liquid are set as determined; A very dry mist comprising ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide of the purified liquid is generated, wherein the ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide mist of the purified liquid is passed through a cold plasma arc, wherein the mist is ionized by the cold plasma arc, such that the mist comprises ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale range with an average diameter of 40.3 nm, a mode of 33.4 nm, and a standard deviation of 30.9 nm. as well as The very dry mist is a mist having particles with a particle size diameter in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 micrometers; The resulting very dry mist is applied to the surface within the space, wherein the ionized / aerosolized hydrogen peroxide decomposes to form diatomic oxygen and water on the surface, and Thirty minutes after the cold plasma arc enters the space containing fresh agricultural products, the ionized / aerosolized particles in the nanoscale range continue to exist in the space containing the fresh agricultural products. The position of the electrode of the column that generates the cold plasma arc is built into the nozzle body and the purification by ionized hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by using a DC voltage source.

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