Rendering method and apparatus and computing device cluster

Abstract

Provided is a rendering method, including: obtaining a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; determining a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object; selecting target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, where the plurality of pieces of digital content include different digital content corresponding to a plurality of users; performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. In this way, different digital content matches different users, and digital content matching a specific user is rendered in a three-dimensional virtual space used by the specific user, so that different users may view different digital content while using the same three-dimensional virtual space, thereby implementing personalized recommendations, making the users to be more willing to use an APP related to the three-dimensional virtual space, and improving user stickiness.

Description

(12) International application published under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (19) International Bureau of the World Intellectual Property Organization (43) International Publication Date: 31 October 2024 (31.10.2024) WIPO I PCT lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll^ (10) International Publication Number: WO 2024 / 221923 Al (51) International Patent Classification: G06T15 / 00 (2011.01) = -==- ====== ======== (21) International Application Number: PCT / CN2023 / 135516 (22) International Application Date: 30 November 2023 (30.11.2023) (25) Application Language: Chinese (26) Publication Language: Chinese (30) Priority: 202310449444.2 24 April 2023 Date (24.04.2023) CN 202310745716.3 June 21, 2023 (21.06.2023) CN (71) Applicant: Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co., Ltd. [CN / CN]; Huawei Cloud Data Center, Xinggong Road, Qianzhong Avenue, Guian New District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550025 (CN)0 (72) Inventors: Wang Nannan (W4NG, Nannan); Huawei Cloud Data Center, Xinggong Road, Qianzhong Avenue, Guian New District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550025 (CN)0 Yin Qing (YIN, Qing); China (54) Title: RENDERING METHOD AND APPARATUS AND COMPUTING DEVICE CLUSTER (54) Invention title: A rendering method, device and computing device cluster Figure 3 S301 A cloud computing platform acquires a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space S302 The cloud computing platform determines a target user currently watching the basic display object S303 The cloud computing platform screens a plurality of pieces of digital contentFor target digital content matching the target user, wherein the plurality of pieces of digital content comprise different digital content corresponding to a plurality of users S304 The cloud computing platform performs rendering on the basic display object on the basis of the target digital content to obtain a target display object S305 The cloud computing platform displays the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Guian New District, Qianzhong Avenue, Xinggong Road, Huawei Cloud Data Center, Guizhou 550025 (CN)0 (74) Agent: Beijing E-TONE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FIRM (GENERAL PARTNERSHIP); Room 707, Building 3, Zijin Digital Park, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100190 (CN)0 (81) Designated Country (unless otherwise specified, each of which is required to provide national protection): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CY CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IQ, IR, IS, IT, JM, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MU, MW, MX, MX MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM,PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, ST, SY SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, WS, ZA, ZM, ZWO (57) Abstract: A rendering method, comprising: acquiring a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; determining a target user currently watching the basic display object; screening a plurality of pieces of digital content for target digital content matching the target user, wherein the plurality of pieces of digital content comprise different digital content corresponding to a plurality of users; performing rendering on the basic display object on the basis of the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. In this way, different digital content is matched for different users, and the digital content matching a specific user is rendered in a three-dimensional virtual space used by the specific user, such that different usersUsers can watch different digital content while using the same three-dimensional virtual space. Personalized content is achieved, leading users to prefer apps related to the three-dimensional virtual space, thus improving user stickiness. [See continued page] WO 2024 / 221923 Al IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIM (84) Designated countries (unless otherwise specified, each available regional protection is required): ARIPO (BW, CV, GH, GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SC, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasia (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, TM), Europe (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, ME, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG)O This international publication includes: an international search report (Article 21(3) of the Treaty). _____________________________________________________________________ (57) Abstract: A rendering method comprising: acquiring a base display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; determining a target user currently viewing the base display object; filtering target digital content matching the target user from multiple digital contents, the multiple digital contents including different digital contents corresponding to multiple users; rendering the base display object in combination with the target digital content to obtain the target display object; and displaying the target display object in a three-dimensional virtual space. In this way, by matching different digital content for different users and displaying the target display object in a three-dimensional virtual space used by a specific user, the method achieves the desired result.This application renders user-specific digital content, allowing different users to view different digital content while using the same 3D virtual space. This achieves a personalized experience for each user, making users more enthusiastic about using the 3D virtual space-related app and increasing user stickiness. WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 1 A rendering method, apparatus, and computing device cluster This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310449444, filed on April 24, 2023, with the application number 202310745716.2, entitled "A Virtual Space Content Generation System Based on AIGC," filed on June 21, 2023, with the application number 202310745716.3, entitled "A Rendering Method, Apparatus, and Computing Device Cluster," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field This application relates to the field of information technology (IT), and more particularly to a rendering method, apparatus, and computing device cluster. Background Art With the evolution of 3D media technology and the metaverse, more and more enterprise clients hope to conduct digital marketing or digital manufacturing based on 3D virtual spaces for brand promotion and 3D media advertising. Currently, applications (APPs) related to 3D virtual spaces are often developed based on game engines to realize a 3D and virtual digital space (hereinafter referred to as "3D virtual space"). Meetings or brand pavilions can be held in this 3D virtual space. Users can access the 3D virtual space in a game-like manner, browsing exhibits and information through a digital human-like virtual exhibition hall. However, currently, each user sees the same digital content when entering the 3D virtual space, making it impossible to achieve different digital content for different users (i.e., personalized experiences), resulting in low user stickiness (retention) for 3D virtual space-related APPs. This application provides a rendering method, apparatus, computing device cluster, computer storage medium, and computer product, capable of rendering different digital content for different users within the same 3D virtual space, thereby improving user engagement with apps related to 3D virtual spaces. In a first aspect, this application provides a rendering method, comprising: acquiring a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; determining a target user currently viewing the basic display object; filtering target digital content matching the target user from multiple digital contents, wherein the multiple digital contents include different digital contents corresponding to multiple users; rendering the basic display object in combination with the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and displaying the target display object in a three-dimensional virtual space.In this way, by matching different digital content to different users and rendering the digital content adapted to that specific user within the 3D virtual space used by that user, different users can view different digital content while using the same 3D virtual space, achieving a personalized experience for each user. This makes users more inclined to use the 3D virtual space-related app, increasing user stickiness. In one possible implementation, the target digital content is rendered on top of the basic display object to obtain the target display object. Specifically, this includes: the cloud computing platform rendering the basic display object using a basic rendering engine to obtain the first display object; and the cloud computing platform rendering the target digital content on the first display object using a personalized rendering engine corresponding to the target user to obtain the target display object. This enables distributed rendering, requiring only a single rendering of the basic display object during rendering, instead of rendering the basic display object for each different user, thus improving rendering efficiency. In another possible implementation, the target digital content is rendered on top of the basic display object to obtain the target display object. Specifically, the cloud computing platform renders both the basic display object and the target digital content using a rendering engine to obtain the target display object. In this way, rendering of the basic display object and the target digital content is achieved through a single rendering engine. In one possible implementation, before rendering the target digital content, the cloud computing platform adjusts the visually relevant parameters of the target digital content to target parameters that match the preferences of the target user. This ensures that the visual effects of the rendered target digital content match the target user's preferences, making the target user more inclined to use the 3D virtual space. For example, the visually relevant parameters may include shape, material, or texture. In one possible implementation, after displaying the target display object in the 3D virtual space, the cloud computing platform sends a video stream, including the target display object, to the client used by the target user. This allows the user to view the content displayed in the 3D virtual space through their client. In one possible implementation, the digital content includes objects or content presented in a three-dimensional form. In one possible implementation, at least a portion of the digital content is created through Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) creation (WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 2). This AIGC-based digital content creation can improve the efficiency of digital content creation. In another possible implementation, the method further includes: acquiring historical behavioral data associated with a target user; analyzing the historical behavioral data to obtain the target user's preferences for digital content in a three-dimensional virtual space; and based on these preferences, obtaining relevant content from a content library associated with the target user.Digital content. In this way, the digital content selected from the content library is related to the user's preferences, ensuring that the digital content subsequently displayed in the 3D virtual space is what the user likes. In one possible implementation, acquiring historical behavioral data associated with the target user includes: acquiring the target user's operation logs on the target application, which is used to present the 3D virtual space; based on the operation logs, tracking the target user's user behavior to obtain historical behavioral data. Thus, the user's historical behavioral data can be obtained through the user's operation logs on the app. Secondly, this application provides a rendering device, including: an acquisition module, a processing module, a rendering module, and a display module. The acquisition module is used to acquire a basic display object in the 3D virtual space. The processing module is used to determine the target user currently viewing the basic display object, and to select target digital content matching the target user from multiple digital contents, including different digital contents corresponding to multiple users. The rendering module is used to render the target display object on the basic display object in combination with the target digital content. The display module is used to display the target display object in the 3D virtual space. For example, this rendering device can, but is not limited to, be deployed in a cloud computing platform. In one possible implementation, the rendering module renders the target digital content onto the basic display object to obtain the target display object. Specifically, this involves: rendering the basic display object using a basic rendering engine in the cloud computing platform to obtain a first display object; and rendering the target digital content onto the first display object using a personalized rendering engine corresponding to the target user in the cloud computing platform to obtain the target display object. In another possible implementation, the rendering module renders the target digital content onto the basic display object to obtain the target display object. Specifically, this involves: rendering both the basic display object and the target digital content using a rendering engine in the cloud computing platform to obtain the target display object. In yet another possible implementation, before rendering the target digital content, the rendering module further adjusts the visual effect-related parameters of the target digital content to target parameters, where the target parameters match the target user's preferences. In yet another possible implementation, a communication module is also included, which sends a video stream, including the target display object, to the client used by the target user after the display module displays the target display object in a three-dimensional virtual space. In yet another possible implementation, the digital content includes objects or content presented in a three-dimensional form. In one possible implementation, at least a portion of the digital content is created through AIGC (Artificial Intelligence Generated Content) creation. In another possible implementation, the acquisition module is further used to acquire historical behavioral data associated with the target user. The processing module is further used...The method involves analyzing historical behavioral data to obtain the target user's preferences for digital content in a three-dimensional virtual space, and, based on these preferences, retrieving digital content associated with the target user from a content library. In one possible implementation, the acquisition module, when acquiring historical behavioral data associated with the target user, specifically performs the following: acquiring the target user's operation logs on a target application used to present a three-dimensional virtual space; and, based on the operation logs, tracking the target user's user behavior to obtain historical behavioral data. Thirdly, this application provides a computing device cluster, including at least one computing device, each computing device including a processor and a memory; the processor of the at least one computing device is used to execute instructions stored in the memory of the at least one computing device, causing the computing device cluster to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium including computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect; or, when executed by a computing device cluster, the computing device cluster performs the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. Exemplarily, the computing device cluster may include one or more computing devices. Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof, or, when executed by a cluster of computing devices, cause the cluster of computing devices to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. Exemplarily, a cluster of computing devices may include one or more computing devices. It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second to fifth aspects described above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect above, and will not be repeated here. WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 3 Brief Description of the Drawings The drawings used in the following description of the embodiments or prior art are briefly introduced. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a rendering system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rendering engine in a cloud computing platform provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow of a rendering method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rendering device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device cluster provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another computing device cluster provided in an embodiment of this application. In this document, the term "and / or" describes an association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist, for example, A and / or B.This can represent three scenarios: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. The symbol " / " in this document indicates an "or" relationship between the related objects; for example, A / B means either A or B. The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification and claims herein are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of objects. For example, "first response message" and "second response message," etc., are used to distinguish different response messages, not to describe a specific order of response messages. In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific manner. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more; for example, multiple processing units refer to two or more processing units, etc.; multiple elements refer to two or more elements, etc. First, some technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be introduced. (1) Cloud Computing Platform A cloud computing platform refers to an internet-based computing model that provides various computing resources and services through the network, including computing power, storage space, databases, network functions, etc. A cloud computing platform can aggregate and centrally manage computing resources through virtualization technology. Users can obtain and use these resources on demand through the cloud computing platform without owning and maintaining their own physical equipment and infrastructure. Cloud computing platforms are typically composed of large data centers equipped with high-performance computing equipment (such as servers), storage devices, and network equipment, as well as reliable power and network connections. (2) Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) refers to the generation of various forms of content, such as text, images, audio, and video, using artificial intelligence technologies and algorithms. AIGC mainly utilizes machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing technologies to automatically generate content with a certain degree of creativity and expressiveness through learning from and recognizing patterns in large amounts of data. (3) Digital Content In 3D virtual space, digital content includes: objects or content presented in three-dimensional form, such as: 3D models, scenes, animations, effects, etc. Next, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application will be introduced. For example, Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the architecture of a rendering system. As shown in Figure 1, the rendering system 100 may include: a cloud computing platform 110 and a client 120. The cloud computing platform 110 may include: a 3D virtual space rendering system 111, an operation statistics system 112, and an AIGC (AI Generic Data Collection) system.The system includes a content adaptation system 113 and a content library 114. The 3D virtual space presentation system 111 is primarily used to present a 3D virtual space. This 3D virtual space presentation system 111 may include: an app 1111 related to the 3D virtual space, an AIGC content loading control layer 1112, and a rendering engine 1113. The app 1111 is an application developed by the developer. Through this app 1111, digital marketing, digital production factories, etc., can be conducted. With the consent of the target user (i.e., the user using the app 1111), and provided it complies with the laws and regulations of the target user's location and does not involve privacy data, the 3D virtual space presentation system 111 can collect historical behavioral data of the target user within the app 1111 by tracking the target user's operation logs. For example, the target user's historical behavior data on APP1111 may include various operations and / or interactions of the target user on APP1111, such as clicks, browsing, searching, dwell time at various locations, and dialogues with non-player layer characters (NPCs). Additionally, in this embodiment, developers can set the change types of objects displayed in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111 (WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 4). These change types include allowable or disallowable changes; that is, developers can set which display objects are mutable and which are immutable. For example, when the 3D virtual space displays an exhibition scene, developers can set that the exhibits themselves are not allowed to be changed, or that the size of the exhibits can be changed, but their color, shape, etc., are not allowed to be changed, or that the position of the exhibits can be changed, but their color, shape, etc., are not allowed to be changed, or that the environment style, font, special effects, and interactive content pushed to each target user are allowed to be changed, and so on. The AIGC content loading control layer 1112 primarily loads basic display objects from the content library 114 and digital content matching the target user currently viewing the basic display objects when the target user uses the APP 1111 through the client 120. The basic display objects are immutable display objects set by the developers of the APP 1111. The rendering engine 1113 is mainly used to render the target display object by combining the AIGC-loaded basic display objects with the AIGC-loaded digital content matching the target user currently viewing the basic display objects. After the rendering engine 1113 renders the target display object, the 3D virtual space rendering system 111 can display the target display object in the APP 1111. Additionally, the cloud computing platform 100 can also send a message containing the target display object to the client 120.The video stream allows the target user to view the content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111 through the client 120. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the rendering engine 1113 in the cloud computing platform 110 may include: a basic rendering engine 11131 and multiple personalized rendering engines 11132. The basic rendering engine 11131 is used to render basic display objects in the 3D virtual space, and a personalized rendering engine 11132 is used to render digital content adapted to a user's preferences. This allows the cloud computing platform 110 to render digital content adapted to different users' preferences through distributed rendering. During rendering, the basic display object can first be rendered using the basic rendering engine 11131 to obtain a display object; then, a personalized rendering engine 11132 renders the digital content adapted to a user's preferences on the obtained display object to obtain the final display object. The operation statistics system 112 is primarily used to acquire historical behavioral data of target users from the 3D virtual space presentation system 111, and to perform statistical analysis on this historical behavioral data to obtain the target user's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111. For example, it can determine what kind of digital content a target user likes. In some embodiments, the operation statistics system 112 can also acquire the target user's operation logs on the APP 1111 from the 3D virtual space presentation system 111, and use these operation logs to track the target user's user behavior to obtain historical behavioral data of the target user on the APP 1111. Specific implementation may vary depending on the actual situation and is not limited here. Additionally, provided the target user agrees to authorization, the system complies with the laws and regulations of the target user's location, does not involve privacy data, and the third-party platform agrees to authorization, the operation statistics system 112 can also acquire the target user's historical behavioral data on that third-party platform. This historical behavioral data can reflect the target user's profile and / or preferences. For example, the third-party platform can be a game platform, a shopping platform, etc. Furthermore, the operation statistics system 112 can perform statistical analysis on the target users' historical behavioral data on third-party platforms to obtain the target users' preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP 1111. In addition, the creators or brands of the digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP 1111 can also input target data related to the target users, such as profiles and analysis data of specific groups (e.g., users within a certain age group, users engaged in a certain profession, or users with certain preferences, etc.), and brand sales data, into the operation statistics system 112. Afterwards, the operation statistics system 112...Statistical analysis can be performed on target data input by digital content creators or brands to obtain the target user's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111. In this embodiment, when the operation statistics system 112 obtains data for obtaining the target user's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111 through various methods, the operation statistics system 120 can also simultaneously perform statistical analysis on the data obtained through these methods to obtain the target user's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111. The AIGC content adaptation system 113 is mainly used to generate a content matching strategy for the target user based on the target user's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111 obtained from the operation statistics system 112, and to transmit the generated content matching strategy to the 3D virtual space presentation system 111. The content matching strategy for the target user can be used to indicate what kind of digital content to generate in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111, and the content matching strategy indicates that the generated digital content matches the target user's preferences. For example, if user A's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111 are such that user A prefers antique plates, the content matching strategy for user A could be: proactively loading antique plates into subsequent content. If user B's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111 are such that user B prefers anime / manga style, the content matching strategy for user B could be: replacing the background and clothing with anime / manga style. If user C's preferences for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by APP1111 are such that user C prefers industrial style, the content matching strategy for user C could be: replacing the space and font with industrial style, and so on. Furthermore, the AIGC content adaptation system 113 can also create digital content through AIGC, such as creating digital content that matches the target user's preferences, and transmitting the created digital content to the content library 114 to populate the digital content in the content library 114. In addition, the AIGC content adaptation system 113 can also optimize the digital content in the content library 114. For example, when there is more business-style digital content in content library 114, AIGC content adaptation system 113 can convert the anime-style digital content in content library 114 into a business style, or AIGC content adaptation system 113 can convert a portion of a certain type of digital content in content library 114 into a business style and another portion into anime style, and so on. Content library 114 is mainly used to store digital content, such as: digital humans, 3D models, interactive controls, special effects, animations, mini-games, etc.For example, the digital content stored in content library 114 can be associated with multiple users, and different users can be associated with different digital content. In this embodiment, after the 3D virtual space rendering system 111 obtains the content matching strategy for the target user transmitted by the AIGC content adaptation system 113, it can load digital content matching the target user's preferences from content library 140 through its AIGC content loading control layer 1112, and then render the loaded digital content on the basic display object in the 3D virtual space through its rendering engine 1113. In addition, in order to make users more willing to use the 3D virtual space, before the rendering engine 1113 processes the digital content matching the target user's preferences, the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 can adjust the visual effect-related parameters of the digital content to the target parameters. The target parameters match the target user's preferences. The visual effect-related parameters may include shape, material, texture, or color, etc. For example, when the target user's favorite animal is a "sheep," specifically a "sheep" with black stripes, the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 can load a model of the "sheep" from the content library 140. In this case, the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 can adjust the material of the wool on the model to match sheep wool, and apply corresponding patterns to the model, coloring the patterns black. Then, the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 can input the adjusted model into the rendering engine 1113 for rendering. In this way, the target user can view a "sheep" with black stripes in a 3D virtual space. The client 120 can be a desktop application, mobile application, web application, or web-based application, etc. After receiving the video stream sent by the cloud computing platform 110, the client 120 can present the target display object contained in the video stream to the user. Thus, the user can view content in the 3D virtual space through the client 120. For example, a user can purchase cloud services provided by the cloud computing platform 110 based on the APP 1111 used to render a 3D virtual space, and log in to the cloud computing platform 110 through the client 120 to use the cloud services to view objects displayed in the 3D virtual space. Thus, the rendering system 100 can display different digital content to different users in the 3D virtual space rendered by the APP 1111, achieving personalized experiences for each user. The digital content viewed by each user matches their preferences, making users more likely to use the APP 1111 and increasing user stickiness. It should be understood that the APP 1111 in the rendering system 100 is configured on the cloud computing platform 111; of course, the APP 1111 can also...The system is configured on the user's terminal device (e.g., mobile phone or computer). When APP1111 is configured on the user's terminal device, the aforementioned 3D virtual space rendering system 111 can also be configured on the terminal device. For systems other than the 3D virtual space rendering system 111 in the aforementioned cloud computing platform 110, they can be configured on the terminal device, on the cloud computing platform m, or on the APP1111 manufacturer's own server, depending on the actual situation, and are not limited here. The above is a description of the rendering system 100 provided in this application embodiment. Next, based on the above content, a rendering method provided in this application embodiment will be described. For example, Figure 3 shows a flowchart of a rendering method. It can be understood that this method can be executed by any device, equipment, platform, or device cluster with computing and processing capabilities. For example, it can be executed through a cloud computing platform, a terminal device, or a client related to three-dimensional virtual space. For ease of description, the following description uses the aforementioned cloud computing platform 110 as an example. As shown in Figure 3, the rendering method may include the following steps: S301, The cloud computing platform obtains the basic display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. In this embodiment, when a user uses cloud services related to the three-dimensional virtual space provided by the cloud computing platform through a client, the cloud computing platform can first obtain the basic display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. The basic display object is an immutable object in the three-dimensional virtual space, which can be set by the developer of the APP used to present the three-dimensional virtual space. For example, when holding a conference through the APP, the exhibits displayed in the exhibition can be the basic display object, or the color, shape, etc. of the exhibits can be the basic display object. S302, The cloud computing platform determines the target user currently viewing the basic display object. In this embodiment, when a user uses the cloud services provided by the cloud computing platform, the cloud computing platform can identify the user currently viewing the basic display object in the three-dimensional virtual space (hereinafter referred to as the "target user") based on the user's login identifier, etc. S303, The cloud computing platform filters out target digital content that matches the target user from multiple digital contents, where the multiple digital contents include different digital contents corresponding to multiple users. In this embodiment, after identifying a target user, the cloud computing platform can filter out target digital content matching that target user from multiple digital content items contained in the content library. Different users in the content library correspond to different digital content. (WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 6) In some embodiments, the cloud computing platform can first obtain historical behavioral data associated with the target user. Then, it performs statistical analysis on this historical behavioral data to obtain the target user's preference for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space. Finally, based on this preference, it selects target digital content from the content library...The process involves obtaining digital content associated with the target user, essentially filtering out target digital content that matches the target user. For example, if the target user uses an app to present the 3D virtual space, and the target user agrees to authorization, the app complies with local laws and regulations, and does not involve privacy data, the cloud computing platform can record the target user's operation logs on the app. Then, by tracking the target user's behavior through these operation logs, historical behavioral data associated with the target user is obtained. Alternatively, if the target user agrees to authorization, the app complies with local laws and regulations, and does not involve privacy data, and the third-party platform agrees to authorization, the cloud computing platform can also obtain the target user's operation logs from the third-party platform, analyze these logs to obtain historical behavioral data associated with the target user, or directly obtain historical behavioral data associated with the target user from the third-party platform. Furthermore, the cloud computing platform can also perform statistical analysis on target data related to the target user, such as profiles and analysis data of specific groups (e.g., user groups within a certain age group, user groups engaged in a certain profession, or user groups with certain preferences, etc.) input by the creators or brands of digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space, to obtain historical behavioral data associated with the target user. S304. The cloud computing platform renders the target digital content on the basic display object to obtain the target display object. In this embodiment, the cloud computing platform can use its internally configured rendering engine to render the basic display object and the target digital content to obtain the target display object. As one possible implementation, the cloud computing platform can use its internal rendering engine to render both the basic display object and the target digital content to obtain the target display object. As another possible implementation, the rendering engine in the cloud computing platform can include a basic rendering engine and multiple personalized rendering engines, with different personalized rendering engines associated with different users. In this case, the cloud computing platform can first render the basic display object using the basic rendering engine to obtain the first display object. Then, the cloud computing platform renders the target digital content on the first display object using a personalized rendering engine associated with the target user, thus obtaining the target display object. S305, the cloud computing platform displays the target display object in a three-dimensional virtual space. In this embodiment, after rendering the target display object, the cloud computing platform can display it in a three-dimensional virtual space. Additionally, the cloud computing platform can also send a video stream containing the target display object to the client used by the target user, allowing the target user to view the target display object on their client. In this way, by matching different digital content to different users and displaying it in the three-dimensional virtual space used by a specific user, the platform can effectively display the target display object.The rendering of user-adapted digital content allows different users to view different digital content while using the same 3D virtual space, achieving a personalized experience for each user. This makes users more inclined to use the 3D virtual space-related app, increasing user stickiness. It should be understood that the rendering method shown in Figure 3 is described with a cloud computing platform as the execution entity. The rendering process for other devices or clients as the execution entity can refer to the execution process of the cloud computing platform, and will not be elaborated here. Furthermore, the rendering method for other devices or clients as the execution entity is still within the protection scope of this application. The above is an introduction to the rendering method provided in the embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding, the following example illustrates the concept. For instance, taking a cultural relic exhibition scene displayed in the 3D virtual space as an example, the basic display objects in the 3D virtual space can be the infrastructure of the cultural relic exhibition hall, such as: display stands, display cases, etc. Assuming user A likes vases and mini-games, when user A opens the aforementioned client 120 on their terminal device and selects to view the 3D virtual space, the aforementioned cloud computing platform 110 can first obtain the infrastructure in the text exhibition hall. Next, the cloud computing platform 110 can use user A's login information to determine that the viewer currently viewing the content in the 3D virtual space is user A. Then, the cloud computing platform 110 can filter out vases and mini-games from multiple digital content in its content library. Finally, the cloud computing platform 110 can first render the infrastructure in the cultural relics exhibition hall, then render vases on the display stands within that infrastructure, and simultaneously render mini-games along user A's travel route. Assuming user B likes plates and a certain cartoon character, when user B opens the aforementioned client 120 on their terminal device and selects to view the 3D virtual space, the aforementioned cloud computing platform 110 can similarly first obtain the infrastructure in the cultural relics exhibition hall. Then, the cloud computing platform 110 can use user B's login information to determine that the viewer currently viewing the content in the 3D virtual space is user B. Then, the cloud computing platform 110 can filter out plates and a certain cartoon character from multiple digital content in its content library. Finally, the cloud computing platform 110 can first render the infrastructure in the cultural relic exhibition hall, then render the plates on the display stands within that infrastructure, and simultaneously render the cartoon characters that user B likes along user B's driving route. In this way, user A and user B can view different digital content within the same cultural relic exhibition scene, and this digital content is matched to their respective preferences. It is understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of this application embodiment. Next, based on the methods in the above embodiments, a rendering apparatus provided by this application embodiment will be introduced.2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 7 For example, Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a rendering device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the rendering device 400 may include: an acquisition module 401, a processing module 402, a rendering module 403, and a display module 404. The acquisition module 401 is used to acquire a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space. The processing module 402 is used to determine the target user currently viewing the basic display object, and to filter out target digital content matching the target user from multiple digital contents, wherein the multiple digital contents include different digital contents corresponding to multiple users. The rendering module 403 is used to render the target display object by combining the target digital content on the basic display object. The display module 404 is used to display the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. For example, this rendering device may, but is not limited to, be deployed in a cloud computing platform. In some embodiments, when the rendering module 403 renders the target digital content on the basic display object to obtain the target display object, it is specifically used to: render the basic display object through the basic rendering engine in the cloud computing platform to obtain the first display object; and render the target digital content on the first display object through the personalized rendering engine corresponding to the target user in the cloud computing platform to obtain the target display object. In some embodiments, when the rendering module 403 renders the target digital content on the basic display object to obtain the target display object, it is specifically used to: render the basic display object and the target digital content through the rendering engine in the cloud computing platform to obtain the target display object. In some embodiments, before rendering the target digital content, the rendering module 403 is further used to: adjust the parameters related to visual effects on the target digital content to target parameters, wherein the target parameters match the preferences of the target user. In some embodiments, it also includes: a communication module, used to send a video stream, including the target display object, to the client used by the target user after the display module 404 displays the target display object in a three-dimensional virtual space. In some embodiments, the digital content includes: objects or content presented in a three-dimensional form. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the digital content is created through artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC). In some embodiments, the acquisition module 401 is further configured to acquire historical behavior data associated with the target user. The processing module 402 is further configured to analyze the historical behavior data to obtain the target user's preferences for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space, and, based on the preferences, obtain digital content associated with the target user from the content library. In some embodiments, when acquiring historical behavior data associated with the target user, the acquisition module 401 is specifically configured to: acquire the target user...The operation logs on the target application are used to present a 3D virtual space. Based on the operation logs, user behavior of the target user is recorded to obtain historical behavior data. In some embodiments, the acquisition module 401, processing module 402, rendering module 403, and display module 404 shown in Figure 4 can all be implemented in software or in hardware. For example, the implementation of the acquisition module 401 will be described below. Similarly, the implementation of the processing module 402, rendering module 403, and display module 404 can refer to the implementation of the acquisition module 401. As an example of a software functional unit, the acquisition module 401 may include code running on a computing instance. The computing instance may include at least one of a physical host (computing device), a virtual machine, and a container. Further, the above-mentioned computing instance may be one or more. For example, the acquisition module 401 may include code running on multiple hosts / virtual machines / containers. It should be noted that the multiple hosts / virtual machines / containers used to run the code may be distributed in the same region or in different regions. Furthermore, the multiple hosts / virtual machines / containers used to run the code can be distributed within the same Availability Zone (AZ) or across different AZs, each AZ comprising one or more geographically proximate data centers. Typically, a region can include multiple AZs. Similarly, the multiple hosts / virtual machines / containers used to run the code can be distributed within the same Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) or across multiple VPCs. Typically, a VPC is set up within one region. Communication between two VPCs within the same region, and between VPCs in different regions, requires a communication gateway within each VPC to interconnect the VPCs. As an example of a hardware functional unit, the acquisition module 401 can include at least one computing device, such as a server. Alternatively, the acquisition module 401 can also be a device implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD). The aforementioned PLD can be a complex programmable logical device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a general-purpose array logic device (GPIL).Array logic (GAL) or any combination thereof. The multiple computing devices included in the acquisition module 401 can be distributed in the same region or in different regions. Similarly, the multiple computing devices included in the acquisition module 401 can be distributed in the same Availability Zone (AZ) or in different AZs. Likewise, the multiple computing devices included in the acquisition module 401 (WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 8) can be distributed in the same Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) or in multiple VPCs. These multiple computing devices can be any combination of computing devices such as servers, ASICs, PLDs, CPLDs, FPGAs, and GALs. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the acquisition module 401 can be used to execute any step in the rendering method described in the above embodiments, the processing module 402 can be used to execute any step in the rendering method described in the above embodiments, the rendering module 403 can be used to execute any step in the rendering method described in the above embodiments, and the display module 404 can be used to execute any step in the rendering method described in the above embodiments. The steps implemented by the acquisition module 401, processing module 402, rendering module 403, and display module 404 can be specified as needed. By implementing different steps in the rendering method described in the above embodiments through the acquisition module 401, processing module 402, rendering module 403, and display module 404, all the functions of the rendering device 400 shown in FIG. 4 are realized. This application also provides a computing device 500. As shown in FIG. 5, the computing device 500 includes: a bus 502, a processor 504, a memory 506, and a communication interface 508. The processor 504, the memory 506, and the communication interface 508 communicate with each other through the bus 502. The computing device 500 can be a server or an electronic device. It should be understood that this application does not limit the number of processors and memories in the computing device 500. Bus 502 can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (ESA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one line is used in Figure 5, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus. Bus 504 can include pathways for transmitting information between various components of the computing device 500 (e.g., memory 506, processor 504, communication interface 508). Processor 504 can include a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), etc.The processor 504 may be any one or more processors such as GPU, microprocessor (MP), or digital signal processor (DSP). The memory 506 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM). The processor 504 may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD). The memory 506 stores executable program code, which the processor 504 executes to implement the functions of the acquisition module 401, processing module 402, rendering module 403, and display module 404 shown in FIG. 4, thereby implementing the rendering method described in the above embodiments. That is, the memory 506 stores instructions for executing the rendering method described in the above embodiments. Alternatively, the memory 506 stores executable code, and the processor 504 executes the executable code to implement the functions of the rendering apparatus 400 shown in FIG. 4, thereby implementing the rendering method described in the above embodiments. That is, the memory 506 stores instructions for executing the rendering method described in the above embodiments. The communication interface 503 uses a transceiver module, such as, but not limited to, a network interface card or transceiver, to realize communication between the computing device 500 and other devices or communication networks. This application embodiment also provides a computing device cluster. The computing device cluster includes at least one computing device. The computing device can be a server, such as a central server, an edge server, or a local server in a local data center. In some embodiments, the computing device can also be an electronic device such as a desktop computer, a laptop computer, or a smartphone. As shown in FIG. 6, the computing device cluster includes at least one computing device 500. The memory 506 of one or more computing devices 500 in the computing device cluster may store the same instructions for executing the rendering method described in the above embodiments. In some possible implementations, the memory 506 of one or more computing devices 500 in the computing device cluster may also store partial instructions for executing the rendering method described in the above embodiments. In other words, a combination of one or more computing devices 500 can jointly execute instructions for performing the rendering method described in the above embodiments. It should be noted that the memory 506 in different computing devices 500 within the computing device cluster can store different instructions, each used for...The memory 506 of different computing devices 500 stores instructions that execute some of the functions of the rendering apparatus 400 shown in Figure 4. That is, the instructions stored in the memory 506 of different computing devices 500 can implement the functions of one or more modules among the acquisition module 401, processing module 402, rendering module 403, and display module 404. In some possible implementations, one or more computing devices in a computing device cluster can be connected via a network. This network can be a wide area network (WAN) or a local area network (LAN), etc. Figure 7 illustrates one possible implementation. As shown in Figure 7, two computing devices 500A and 500B are connected via a network. Specifically, they are connected to the network through the communication interfaces in each computing device. In this type of possible implementation, the memory 506 of computing device 500A stores instructions for executing the functions of the acquisition module 401 and processing module 402. Simultaneously, the memory 506 of computing device 500B stores instructions for executing the functions of the rendering module 403 and display module 404. It should be understood that the functions of computing device 500A shown in Figure 7 can also be performed by multiple computing devices 500. Similarly, the functions of computing device 500B WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 9 can also be performed by multiple computing devices 500. This application embodiment also provides another computing device cluster. The connection relationship between the computing devices in this computing device cluster can be similarly referred to the connection method of the computing device cluster described in Figures 6 and 7. The difference is that the memory 506 of one or more computing devices 500 in this computing device cluster can store the same instructions for executing the methods in the above embodiments. In some possible implementations, the memory 506 of one or more computing devices 500 in this computing device cluster can also separately store partial instructions for executing the aforementioned data processing method. In other words, a combination of one or more computing devices 500 can jointly execute the instructions for executing the aforementioned data processing method. Based on the methods in the above embodiments, this application embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, including computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computing device, execute the methods in the above embodiments; or, when executed by a computing device cluster, the computing device cluster executes the methods in the above embodiments. For example, the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computing device can store, or a data storage device such as a data center containing one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive). Based on the methods in the above embodiments, this application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when the instructions are processed by a computing device...During runtime, the computing device executes the methods described in the above embodiments, or, when the instructions are executed by the computing device cluster, the computing device cluster executes the methods described in the above embodiments. It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented as components or by the processor executing software instructions. Software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, portable hard drives, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. In the above embodiments, implementation can be entirely or partially achieved through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented entirely or partially as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function described in the embodiments of this application is generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from a network...Websites, computers, servers, or data centers transmit data to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (e.g., DVD), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)). It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 10 Claims 1. A rendering method, characterized in that the method includes: acquiring a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; determining a target user currently viewing the basic display object; filtering target digital content matching the target user from multiple digital contents, the multiple digital contents including different digital contents corresponding to multiple users; rendering the basic display object in combination with the target digital content to obtain a target display object; displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, rendering the basic display object in combination with the target digital content to obtain the target display object specifically includes: a cloud computing platform rendering the basic display object through a basic rendering engine to obtain a first display object; the cloud computing platform rendering the target digital content on the first display object through a personalized rendering engine corresponding to the target user to obtain the target display object. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, rendering the target digital content on the basic display object to obtain the target display object specifically includes: a cloud computing platform rendering the basic display object and the target digital content through a rendering engine to obtain the target display object. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, before rendering the target digital content, it further includes:The cloud computing platform adjusts the visual effect-related parameters of the target digital content to target parameters, wherein the target parameters match the preferences of the target user. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, after displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, it further includes: the cloud computing platform sending a video stream to the client used by the target user, the video stream including the target display object. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the digital content includes: objects or content presented in a three-dimensional form. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that at least a portion of the digital content among the plurality of digital content is created through artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC). 8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the method further includes: acquiring historical behavioral data associated with the target user; analyzing the historical behavioral data to obtain the target user's preference for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space; and obtaining digital content associated with the target user from a content library based on the preference. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein acquiring historical behavior data associated with the target user comprises: acquiring operation logs of the target user on a target application, the target application being used to present the three-dimensional virtual space; and, based on the operation logs, tracking the user behavior of the target user to obtain the historical behavior data. 10. A rendering apparatus, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; a processing module for determining a target user currently viewing the basic display object, and for filtering target digital content matching the target user from a plurality of digital contents, the plurality of digital contents including different digital contents corresponding to multiple users; a rendering module for rendering the basic display object in combination with the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and a display module for displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein when the rendering module renders the target digital content on the basic display object to obtain a target display object, it is specifically used for: rendering the basic display object using a basic rendering engine in a cloud computing platform to obtain a first display object; and rendering the target digital content on the first display object using a personalized rendering engine corresponding to the target user in the cloud computing platform to obtain the target display object. 12. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein when the rendering module renders the target digital content on the basic display object to obtain a target display object, it is specifically used for: WO 2024 / 221923PCT / CN2023 / 135516 11. The target display object is obtained by rendering the basic display object and the target digital content through a rendering engine in a cloud computing platform. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein before the rendering module renders the target digital content, it is further configured to: adjust the visual effect-related parameters on the target digital content to target parameters, wherein the target parameters match the preferences of the target user. 14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10-13, further comprising: a communication module, configured to send a video stream to a client used by the target user after the display module displays the target display object in a three-dimensional virtual space, the video stream including the target display object. 15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10-14, wherein the digital content includes: an object or content presented in a three-dimensional form. 16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10-15, wherein at least a portion of the digital content is created through artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC). 17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1076, wherein the acquisition module is further configured to acquire historical behavior data associated with the target user; the processing module is further configured to analyze the historical behavior data to obtain the target user's preference for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space, and, based on the preference, obtain digital content associated with the target user from a content library. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein when acquiring historical behavior data associated with the target user, the acquisition module is specifically configured to: acquire the target user's operation logs on a target application, the target application being used to present the three-dimensional virtual space; and, based on the operation logs, track the target user's user behavior to obtain the historical behavior data. 19. A computing device cluster, comprising at least one computing device, each computing device including a processor and a memory; the processor of the at least one computing device being configured to execute instructions stored in the memory of the at least one computing device, such that the computing device cluster performs the method according to any one of claims 1-9. 20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it comprises computer program instructions, which, when executed by a cluster of computing devices, cause the cluster of computing devices to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the cluster of computing devices comprises at least one computing device. 21. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that, when executed by a cluster of computing devices, causes the cluster of computing devices to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the cluster of computing devices comprises at least one computing device.WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 Rendering System 100 Cloud Computing Platform 110 Content Library 140 Digital Human 3D Model Interactive Controls S3-2. Create digital content using AIGC and populate the content library AIGC Content Adaptation System 130 Special Effects Animation Mini-Games S4. Load educational content matching the target user based on content loading strategy S2. Obtain the target user's preference for digital content based on historical behavior data 3D Virtual Space Presentation System 111 APP related to 3D Virtual Space 1111 S1. Historical behavior data of the target user on APP111 Operation Statistics System 120 AIGC Content Loading Control Layer 1112 Rendering Engine 1113 S3-1. Obtain a content loading strategy matching the target user based on the target user's preference for digital content S5. Display object obtained by rendering engine 1113 Client 120 Figure 1 Rendering Engine 1113 Figure 2 Figure 3 1 / 2 WO 2024 / 221923 PCT / CN2023 / 135516 Rendering device 400 Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 7 2 / 2 INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT International application No. PCT / CN2023 / 135516 A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTERG06T15 / 00(2011.01)i According to International Patent Classification (IPC) or to both national classification and IPC B. FIELDS SEARCHEDMinimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols)IPC:G06T Documentation searched other than minimum documentation to the extent that such documents are included in the fields searched Electronic data base consulted during the international search (name of data base and, where practicable,search terms used)CNABS; CNTXT; DWPI; VEN; USTXT; EPTXT; CNKI; IEEE: virtual scene, virtual space, three-dimensional, rendering, preference, favorite, personalization, historical behavior, advertisement, commodity C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT Category* Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to claim No.X CN 113282182 A (SONY INTERACTIVE ENTERTAINMENT INC.) 20 August 2021 (2021-08-20)description, paragraphs 55-141, and figures 3D, 3E and 4B 1-21 X US 2017116667 A1 (WAL-MART STORES, INC.) 27 April 2017 (2017-04-27) description, paragraphs 10-41 1-21 A JP 2009122904 A (IBM) 04 June 2009 (2009-06-04) entire document 1-21 | | Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box C. | / 1 See patent family annex. * Special categories of cited documents: “T" later document published after the international filing date or priority “A" document defining the general state of the art which is not considered dateand not in conflict with the application but cited to understand the to be of paiticulai' relevance principle or theory underlying the invention "D” document cited by the applicant in the international application “χ” document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be “E” eailier application or patent but published on or after the international considered novel or cannot be considered to involve an inventive step filing date when the document is taken alone “L" document which may thi'ow doubts on priority claim(s) or which is “Y" document of paiticulai' relevance; the claimed invention cannot be cited to establish the publication date of another citation or other considered to involve an inventive step when the document is special reason (as specified) combined with one or more other such documents, such combination "O” document refen'ing to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition or other being obvious to a person skilled in the art means document member of the same patentfamily "P" document published prior to the international filing date but later than the priority date claimedDate of the actual completion of the international search 23 February 2024 Date of mailing of the international search report 27 February 2024Name and mailing address of the ISA / CN China National Intellectual Property Administration (ISA / CN) China No. 6, Xitucheng Road, Jimenqiao, Haidian District, Beijing 100088 Authorized officer Telephone No.Form PCT / ISA / 210 (second sheet) (July 2022) International application No.INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT Information on patent family members _ _____ 八八八…,人 ,,r ' PCT / CN2023 / 135516 Patent document cited in search report Publication date (day / month / year) Patent family member(s) Publication date (day / month / year)CN 113282182 A 20 August 2021 US 2023075644 A1 09 March 2023US 2020409453 A1 31 December 2020US 11442532 B2 13 September 2022WO 2016164178 A1 13 October 2016JP 2018515972 A 14 June 2018US 2016299563 A1 13 October 2016US 10775878 B2 15September 2020JP 2020036334 A 05 March 2020JP 6792044 B2 25 November 2020EP 3281127 Al 14 February 2018CN 107683449 A 09 February 2018CN 107683449 B 04 May 2021US 2017116667 Al 27 April 2017 CA 3002808 Al 27 April 2017WO 2017070286 Al 27 April 2017JP 2009122904 A 04 June 2009 JP 5160200 B2 13 March 2013 Form PCT / ISA / 210 (patent family annex) (July 2022) PCT / CN2023 / 135516 International Search Report International Application No. A. Subject Classification G06T15 / 00 (2011.01) i According to the International Patent Classification (IPC) or both national classification and IPC classification. B. Minimum Documents Searched in the Search Field (Indicate classification system and classification number) IPC:G06T Electronic databases consulted during the international search, excluding the minimum documents included in the search field (database name and search terms used, if applicable) CNABS;CNTXT;DWPI;VEN;USTXT;EPTXT;CNKI;IEEE: virtual scene, virtual space, 3D, rendering, preference, favorite, personalization, historical behavior, advertisement, commodity c. Related Document Types* Referenced documents, indicating relevant paragraphs where necessary. Relevant claims X CN 113282182 A (Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc.) August 20, 2021 (2021-08-20) Instruction manual paragraph 55-141, Figures 3D, 3E-, 4B 1-21 X US 2017116667 A1 (WAL-MART STORES, INC.) April 27, 2017 (2017-04-27) Instruction manual paragraph 10-41 1-21 A JP 2009122904 A (IBM)June 4, 2009 (2009-06-04) Full text 1-21 □ The remaining documents are listed on the continuation page in column C. *Specific types of cited documents: “A” Documents that are considered not particularly relevant and represent the general state of the prior art. “D” Documents cited by the applicant in the international application. “E” Earlier applications or patents published on or after the international filing date. “L” Documents that may raise doubt about the priority claim, or documents cited to determine the publication date of another cited document, or documents cited for other special reasons (as specifically stated). Documents involving □head disclosure, use, exhibition, or other disclosure. “P” Documents published before the international filing date but later than the claimed priority date. See the patent family appendix. "A document published after the claim date or priority date, which does not conflict with the application, but is particularly different from the subsequent document for understanding the inventive theory or principle, is considered alone and the claimed invention is deemed not novel or inventive. A document particularly related to "Y" is also considered when the document is not combined with any of the other documents of the same class and such combination is obviously inventive to those skilled in the art. The claimed invention lacks inventiveness. International search of patent family documents: Date of actual completion: February 23, 2024. Name and mailing address of ISA / CN: China National Intellectual Property Administration, No. 6, Tucheng Road, Xijimenqiao, Haidian District, Beijing, 100088, China. International search report mailing date: February 27, 2024. Authorized officer: Wang Huimin. Telephone number: (+86) 020-28958356. PCT / ISA / 210 Form (Page 2) (July 2022) International Search Report Information on Patent Families International Application No. PCT / CN2023 / 135516 Publication Dates of Patent Documents Cited in the Search Report (Year / Month / Day) Publication Dates of Patent Families (Year / Month / Day) CN 113282182 A August 20, 2021 US 2023075644 A1 March 9, 2023 US 2020409453 A1 December 31, 2020 US 11442532 B2 September 13, 2022 WO 2016164178 A1 October 13, 2016 JP 2018515972 A June 14, 2018 US 2016299563 A1 October 13, 2016 US 10775878 B2 September 15, 2020 JP 2020036334 A; March 5, 2020 JP 6792044 B2; November 25, 2020 EP 3281127 A1; February 14, 2018 CN 107683449A February 9, 2018 CN 107683449 B May 4, 2021 US 2017116667 A1 April 27, 2017 CA 3002808 A1 April 27, 2017 WO 2017070286 A1 April 27, 2017 JP 2009122904 A June 4, 2009 JP 5160200 B2 March 13, 2013 PCT / ISA / 210 Form (Appendix to Patent Family) (July 2022) (19) *EP004697277A1* (11) EP 4 697 277 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION published in accordance with Art. 153(4) EPC (43) Date of publication: 18.02.2026 Bulletin 2026 / 08 (21) Application number: 23935090.3 (22) Date of filing: 30.11.2023 (51) International Patent Classification (IPC): G06T 15 / 00 (2011.01) (52) Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC): G06T 15 / 00; G06T 17 / 00 (86) International application number: PCT / CN2023 / 135516 (87) International publication number: WO 2024 / 221923 (31.10.2024 Gazette 2024 / 44) (84) Designated Contracting States: AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR Designated Extension States: BA Designated Validation States: KH MA MD TN (30) Priority: 24.04.2023 CN202310449444 21.06.2023 CN 202310745716 (71) Applicant: Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co., Ltd. Guizhou 550025 (CN) (72) Inventors: • WANG, Nannan Gui’an New District, Guizhou, 550025 (CN) • YIN, Qing Gui’an New District, Guizhou, 550025 (CN) (74) Representative: Maiwald GmbH Elisenhof Elisenstraße 3 80335 München (DE) (54) RENDERING METHOD AND APPARATUS AND COMPUTING DEVICE CLUSTER (57) Provided is a rendering method, including: ob- taining a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; determining a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object; selecting target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, where the plurality of pieces of digital content include different digital content corre- sponding to a plurality of users; performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and dis- playing the target display object inthe three-dimensional virtual space. In this way, differentdigital content matches different users, and digital content matching a specific user is rendered in a three-dimensional virtual space used by the specific user, so that different users may view different digital content while using the same three- dimensional virtual space, thereby implementing perso- nalized recommendations, making the users to be more willing to use an APP related to the three-dimensional virtual space, and improving user stickiness. EP 4 69 7 27 7 A 1 Processed by Luminess, 75001 PARIS (FR) 2 1 EP 4 697 277 A1 2 Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Pa- tent Application No. 202310449444.2, filed with the Chi- na National Intellectual Property Administration on April 24, 2023 and entitled "AIGC-BASED VIRTUAL SPACE CONTENT GENERATION SYSTEM", and Chinese Pa- tent Application No. 202310745716.3, filed with the Chi- na National Intellectual Property Administration on June 21, 2023 andentitled "RENDERING METHOD, APPA- RATUS, AND COMPUTING DEVICE CLUSTER", which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] This application relates to the information tech- nology (information technology, IT) field, and in particular, to a rendering method, an apparatus, and a computing device cluster. BACKGROUND

[0003] With evolution of 3-dimensional (3-dimen- sional, 3D) media technologies and the Metaverse, an increasing number of enterprise customers hope to make digital marketing or digital twin factories based on a 3D virtual space for brand promotion and 3D media adver- tisement. Currently, an application (application, APP) related to the 3D virtual space is usually developed based on a game engine, to implement a 3D virtual digital space (referred to as a "3D virtual space" for short). Exhibitions, brand pavilions, or the like may be carried out in the 3D virtual space. A user may access the 3D virtual space in a game-like manner, and browseexhibits and information by visiting a virtual exhibition hall as a digital human. However, currently, digital content viewed by users in the 3D virtual space is the same, and there is no way for different users to see different digital content (namely, personalized recommendations). Consequently, user stickiness (retention) of the APP related to the 3D virtual space is relatively low. SUMMARY

[0004] This application provides a rendering method, an apparatus, a computing device cluster, a computer storage medium, and a computer product, so that differ- ent digital content may be rendered for different users in a same 3D virtual space, thereby improving user stickiness of an APP related to the 3D virtual space.

[0005] According to a first aspect, this application pro- vides a rendering method, including: obtaining a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; de- termining a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object; selecting target digital contentthat matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, where the plurality of pieces of digital content include different digital content corresponding to a plur- ality of users; performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space.

[0006] In this way, different digital content matches different users, and digital content matching a specific user is rendered in a three-dimensional virtual space used by the specific user, so that different users may view different digital content while using the same three- dimensional virtual space, thereby implementing perso- nalized recommendations, making the users to be more willing to use an APP related to the three-dimensional virtual space, and improving user stickiness.

[0007] In a possible implementation, performing ren- dering on the basic display object with referenceto the target digital content to obtain the target display object specifically includes: A cloud computing platform renders the basic display object by using a basic rendering en- gine, to obtain a first display object; and the cloud com- puting platform renders the target digital content on the first display object by using a personalized rendering engine corresponding to the target user, to obtain the target display object. In this way, distributed rendering may be implemented. During rendering, the basic display object needs to be rendered only once, and the basic display object does not need to be rendered once for each of different users, thereby improving rendering efficiency.

[0008] In a possible implementation, performing ren- dering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object specifically includes: A cloud computing platform renders the basic display object and the target digital content by using a renderingengine, to obtain the target display object. In this way, rendering of the basic display object and the target digital content is implemented by using one rendering engine.

[0009] In a possible implementation, before rendering the target digital content, the method further includes: The cloud computing platform adjusts a parameter that is in the target digital content and that is related to a visual effect to a target parameter, where the target parameter matches a preference of the target user. In this way, the visual effect presented by the rendered target digital content can match the preference of the target user, so that the target user is more willing to use the three- dimensional virtual space. For example, the parameter related to the visual effect may include a shape, a materi- al, a chartlet, or the like.

[0010] In a possible implementation, after displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, the method further includes: The cloud computingplatform sends a video stream to a client used by the target user, where the video stream includes the target display object. In this way, the user may view, through the client used by the user, content displayed in the 3D virtual space.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the digital content 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 3 3 EP 4 697 277 A1 4 includes an object or content presented in a three-dimen- sional form.

[0012] In a possible implementation, at least a portion of the plurality of pieces of digital content is obtained through artificial intelligence-generated content AIGC creation. In this way, the digital content is created through AIDC, thereby improving efficiency of creating the digital content.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: obtaining historical behavior data asso- ciated with the target user; analyzing the historical be- havior data to obtain the preference of the target user for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space;and obtaining, based on the preference, digital content asso- ciated with the target user from a content library. In this way, the digital content selected from the content library is related to the preference of the user, so that digital con- tent to be subsequently presented in the 3D virtual space is what the user likes.

[0014] In a possible implementation, obtaining the his- torical behavior data associated with the target user includes: obtaining an operation log of the target user on a target application, where the target application is used to present the three-dimensional virtual space; and tracking a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data. In this way, the historical behavior data of the user may be obtained through the operation log of the user on the APP.

[0015] According to a second aspect, this application provides a rendering apparatus, including an obtaining module, a processing module, a rendering module, anda display module. The obtaining module is configured to obtain a basic display object in a three-dimensional vir- tual space. The processing module is configured to de- termine a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object, and select target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, where the plurality of pieces of digital content include different digital content corresponding to a plur- ality of users. The rendering module is configured to perform rendering on the basic display object with refer- ence to the target digital content to obtain a target display object. The display module is configured to display the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space. For example, the rendering apparatus may be, including but not limited to, deployed on a cloud comput- ing platform.

[0016] In a possible implementation, when performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digitalcontent to obtain the target display object, the rendering module is specifically configured to: render the basic display object by using a basic rendering engine of a cloud computing platform, to obtain a first display object; and render the target digital content on the first display object by using a personalized rendering engine of the cloud computing platform that corresponds to the target user, to obtain the target display object.

[0017] In a possible implementation, when performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object, the rendering module is specifically configured to: render the basic display object and the target digital content by using a rendering engine of a cloud computing platform, to obtain the target display object.

[0018] In a possible implementation, before rendering the target digital content, the rendering module is further configured to: adjust a parameter that is in the targetdigital content and that is related to a visual effect to a target parameter, where the target parameter matches a preference of the target user.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a communication module, configured to: after the display module displays the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, send a video stream to a client used by the target user, where the video stream includes the target display object.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the digital content includes an object or content presented in a three-dimen- sional form.

[0021] In a possible implementation, at least a portion of the plurality of pieces of digital content is obtained through artificial intelligence-generated content AIGC creation.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the obtaining module is further configured to obtain historical behavior data associated with the target user; and the processing module is further configured to: analyze the historicalbehavior data to obtain the preference of the target user for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space; and obtain, based on the preference, digital content associated with the target user from a content library.

[0023] In a possible implementation, when obtaining the historical behavior data associated with the target user, the obtaining module is specifically configured to: obtain an operation log of the target user on a target application, where the target application is used to pre- sent the three-dimensional virtual space; and track a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data.

[0024] According to a third aspect, this application provides a computing device cluster, including at least one computing device, where each computing device includes a processor and a memory; and the processor of the at least one computing device is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory of the at least one computingdevice, so that the computing device cluster performs the method according to any one of the first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0025] According to a fourth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium, includ- ing computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by a computing de- vice, the computing device is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect; or when the 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 4 5 EP 4 697 277 A1 6 computer program instructions are executed by a com- puting device cluster, the computing device cluster is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect. For example, the computing device cluster may include one or more computing devices.

[0026] According to a fifth aspect, this application pro- vides a computer program productincluding instructions. When the instructions are run by a computing device, the computing device is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect; or when the instruc- tions are run by a computing device cluster, the comput- ing device cluster is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect. For example, the computing device cluster may include one or more com- puting devices.

[0027] It may be understood that, for beneficial effects of the second aspect to the fifth aspect, reference may be made to related descriptions in the first aspect. Details are not described herein again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The following briefly describes accompanying drawings to be used in descriptions of embodiments or a conventional technology. FIG. 1 is a diagram of an architecture of a rendering system according to an embodiment of thisapplica- tion; FIG. 2 is a diagram of a structure of a rendering engine of a cloud computing platform according to an embodiment of this application; FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a rendering method according to an embodiment of this application; FIG. 4 is a diagram of a structure of a rendering apparatus according to an embodiment of this ap- plication. FIG. 5 is a diagram of a structure of a computing device according to an embodiment of this applica- tion; FIG. 6 is a diagram of a structure of a computing device cluster according to an embodiment of this application; and FIG. 7 is a diagram of a structure of another comput- ing device cluster according to an embodiment of this application. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The term "and / or" in this specification describes an association relationship between associated objects and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, andonly B exists. The character " / " in this specification indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects. For example, A / B indicates A or B.

[0030] In the specification and claims of this applica- tion, the terms "first", "second", and the like are intended to distinguish between different objects, but do not in- dicate a particular order of the objects. For example, a first response message, a second response message, and the like are used to distinguish between different response messages, but do not indicate a particular order of the response messages.

[0031] In addition, in embodiments of this application, the word "example" or "for example" is used to represent giving an example, an illustration, or a description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as an "exam- ple" or "for example" in embodiments of this application should not be explained as being more preferred or having more advantages than another embodiment or design scheme. Exactly, use of the word"example", "for example", or the like is intended to present a related concept in a specific manner.

[0032] In the descriptions of embodiments of this ap- plication, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more. For example, a plurality of proces- sing units are two or more processing units, and a plur- ality of elements are two or more elements.

[0033] First, technical terms used in embodiments of this application are described. (1) Cloud computing platform

[0034] A cloud computing platform is a computing model based on the Internet. It provides various comput- ing resources and services through a network, including computing capabilities, storage space, a database, and network functions. The cloud computing platform aggre- gates computing resources and manages these comput- ing resources in a centralized manner by using a virtua- lization technology. A user may obtain and use these resources on the cloud computing platform according to a requirement, and does notneed to own and maintain a physical device and infrastructure of the user. The cloud computing platform usually includes large data centers. These data centers have high-performance computing devices (such as servers), storage devices, and network devices, and reliable electric power and network connec- tions. (2) Artificial intelligence generated content

[0035] Artificial intelligence generated content (artifi- cial intelligence generated content, AIGC) means gen- erating content in various forms, such as text, an image, audio, and a video, by using artificial intelligence tech- nologies and algorithms. AIGC mainly uses technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing to automatically generate content that is creative and expressive to some extent by learning a large amount of data and performing pattern recogni- 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 5 7 EP 4 697 277 A1 8 tion. (3) Digital content

[0036] In a 3D virtual space, digital content includes anobject or content presented in a three-dimensional form, for example, a 3D model, a scene, an animation, and an effect.

[0037] The following describes the technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application.

[0038] For example, FIG. 1 is a diagram of an archi- tecture of a rendering system. As shown in FIG. 1, the rendering system 100 may include a cloud computing platform 110 and a client 120. The cloud computing platform 110 may include: a 3D virtual space presentation system 111, an operation statistics system 112, an AIGC content adaptation system 113, and a content library 114.

[0039] The 3D virtual space presentation system 111 is mainly configured to present a 3D virtual space. The 3D virtual space presentation system 111 may include: an APP 1111 related to the 3D virtual space, an AIGC con- tent loading control layer 1112, and a rendering engine 1113. The APP 1111 is an application developed by a developer. Digital marketing, digital twin factories, and the like maybe made through the APP 1111. The 3D virtual space presentation system 111 may track, upon authorization from a target user (namely, a user who uses the APP 1111) and complying with laws and regulations of a place in which the target user resides without involving privacy data, a user behavior of the target user by using an operation log of the target user on the APP 1111, to collect historical behavior data of the target user on the APP 1111. For example, the historical behavior data of the target user on the APP 1111 may include: various operations and / or interaction information of the target user on the APP 1111, such as clicking, browsing, search- ing, duration of staying at each location, and a conversa- tion with a non-player character (non-player character, NPC). In addition, in this embodiment, the developer may set a change type of a display object in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111. The change type includes that a change is allowed or that a change is notallowed. In other words, the developer may set dis- play objects that can be changed and display objects that cannot be changed. For example, when an exhibition scene is presented in the 3D virtual space, the developer may perform setting so that an exhibit itself is not allowed to be changed; or a size of an exhibit can be changed, but a color, a form, and the like are not allowed to be changed; or a location of an exhibit can be changed, but a color, a form, and the like of the exhibit itself are not allowed to be changed; or an environment style, a font, a special effect, interactive content to be pushed to each target user, and the like are allowed to be changed. The AIGC content loading control layer 1112 is mainly configured to load, from the content library 114 when the target user uses the APP 1111 through the client 120, a basic display object in the 3D virtual space and digital content that matches the target user who is currently viewing the basic display object. The basicdisplay object is an immutable display object set by the developer of the APP 1111. The render- ing engine 1113 is mainly configured to perform render- ing, with reference to the digital content that is loaded by the AIGC and that matches the target user who is cur- rently viewing the basic display object, on the basic dis- play object loaded by the AIGC, to obtain a target display object. After the rendering engine 1113 obtains the target display object through rendering, the 3D virtual space presentation system 111 may display the target display object on the APP 1111. In addition, the cloud computing platform 100 may send a video stream including the target display object to the client 120. In this way, the target user may view, through the client 120, content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111.

[0040] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the rendering engine 1113 of the cloud computing platform 110 may include a basic rendering engine 11131 and a plurality ofpersonalized rendering engines 11132. The basic rendering engine 11131 may be configured to render the basic display object in the 3D virtual space, and one personalized rendering engine 11132 is config- ured to render digital content that adapts to a preference of a user. In this way, the cloud computing platform 110 can render digital content that adapts to preferences of different users through distributed rendering. In this case, during rendering, the basic display object may be first rendered through the basic rendering engine 11131, to obtain a display object; and then, digital content that adapts to a preference of a user is rendered on the obtained display object by using a personalized render- ing engine 11132, to obtain a final display object.

[0041] The operation statistics system 112 is mainly configured to obtain the historical behavior data of the target user from the 3D virtual space presentation system 111, and perform statistical analysis on the historical behaviordata, to obtain the preference of the target user for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111. For example, a specific type and the like of digital content that the target user likes may be learned. In some embodiments, the operation statistics system 112 may alternatively obtain the operation log of the target user on the APP 1111 from the 3D virtual space presenta- tion system 111, and track the user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data of the target user on the APP 1111. This may specifically be determined based on an actual situa- tion, and is not limited herein.

[0042] In addition, upon authorization from the target user, complying with the laws and regulations of the place in which the target user resides without involving privacy data, and authorization from a third-party platform, the operation statistics system 112 may obtain historical behavior data of the target user on the third-partyplatform from the third-party platform. The historical behavior data may reflect a target user profile and / or the preference of the target user. For example, the third-party platform may 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 6 9 EP 4 697 277 A1 10 be a game platform, a shopping platform, or the like. Further, the operation statistics system 112 may perform statistical analysis on the historical behavior data of the target user on the third-party platform, to obtain the preference of the target user for the digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111.

[0043] In addition, a producer or brand owner of the digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111 may input, into the operation statistics system 112, target data related to the target user, such as profile and analysis data of a specific group (for example, a group of users in a specific age group, or a group of users engaged in a specific profession, or a group of users having a specific preference)and sales data of a brand. Then, the operation statistics system 112 may perform statistical analysis on the target data input by the producer or brand owner of the digital content, to obtain the preference of the target user for the digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the operation statis- tics system 112 obtains, in a plurality of manners, the data used to obtain the preference of the target user for the digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111, the operation statistics system 120 may further perform statistical analysis simultaneously on the data obtained in the plurality of manners, to obtain the preference of the target user for the digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111.

[0045] The AIGC content adaptation system 113 is mainly configured to generate a content matching policy for the target user based on the preference of the target user, which is obtained from theoperation statistics sys- tem 112, for the digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111, and transmit the generated content matching policy to the 3D virtual space presenta- tion system 111. The content matching policy for the target user may indicate a specific type of digital content to be generated in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111, and the content matching policy indicates that the digital content to be generated matches the prefer- ence of the target user. For example, when it is learned, based on a preference of a user A for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111, that the user A prefers antique plates, a content matching policy for the user A may be: proactively loading an antique plate in subsequent content. When it is learned, based on a preference of a user B for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111, that the user B prefers anime, comics, and games, a content matching policy for theuser B may be: replacing a background and clothing with an anime, comics, and games style. When it is learned, based on a preference of a user C for digital content in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111, that the user C prefers an industrial style, a content matching policy for the user C may be: replacing a space and an information font with the industrial style or the like.

[0046] In addition, the AIGCcontent adaptation system 113 may further create digital content through AIGC, for example, create digital content or the like that matches the preference of the target user based on the preference of the target user, and transmit the created digital content to the content library 114, to enrich digital content in the content library 114. In addition, the AIGC content adapta- tion system 113 may optimize the digital content in the content library 114. For example, when there is more digital content of a business style in the content library 114, the AIGC content adaptationsystem 113 may con- vert digital content of the anime, comics, and games style in the content library 114 into the business style; or the AIGC content adaptation system 113 may convert a portion of digital content of a specific type in the content library 114 into the business style, and convert another portion into the anime, comics, and games style or the like.

[0047] The content library 114 is mainly configured to store digital content, for example, a digital human, a 3D model, an interactive control, a special effect, an anima- tion, and a mini-game. For example, the digital content stored in the content library 114 may be associated with a plurality of users, and different users may be associated with different digital content.

[0048] In this embodiment, after obtaining the content matching policy for the target user transmitted by the AIGC content adaptation system 113, the 3D virtual space presentation system 111 may load digital content that matches the preference of the targetuser from the content library 140 by using the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 in the 3D virtual space presentation system 111; and perform rendering on the basic display object in the 3D virtual space with reference to the loaded digital content by using the rendering engine 1113 in the 3D virtual space presentation system 111. In addition, for the user to be even more willing to use the 3D virtual space, before the rendering engine 1113 renders the digital content that matches the preference of the target user, the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 may further adjust a parameter that is in the digital content and that is related to a visual effect to a target parameter. The target parameter matches the preference of the target user. The parameter related to the visual effect may include a shape, a material, a chartlet, a color, or the like. For example,when an animal that the target user likes is a "sheep" and is further a "sheep" with a black pattern, the digitalcontent loaded by the AIGC content loading con- trol layer 1112 from the content library 140 may be a model of the "sheep". In this case, the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 may adjust a material of wool in the model to be the same as that of wool of the sheep, attach the corresponding pattern to the model, and color the pattern with black. Then, the AIGC content loading control layer 1112 may input the adjusted model into the rendering engine 1113 for rendering. In this way, the target user may view the "sheep" with the black pattern in the three-dimensional virtual space.

[0049] The client 120 may be a desktop application, a 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 7 11 EP 4 697 277 A1 12 mobile application, a web application, a web-based ap- plication, or the like. After obtaining the video stream sent by the cloud computing platform 110, the client 120 may present, to the user, the target display object included in the video stream. In this way, the user may view the content in the3D virtual space through the client 120. For example, the user may purchase, on the cloud com- puting platform 110, acloud service that is provided by the cloud computing platform 110 based on the APP 1111 used to present the 3D virtual space, and log in to the cloud computing platform 110 through the client 120 to use the cloud service, to view an object displayed in the 3D virtual space.

[0050] In this way, the rendering system 100 may pre- sent different digital content to different users in the 3D virtual space presented by the APP 1111, thereby imple- menting personalized recommendations. In addition, all of the digital content viewed by the user matches the preference of the user, so that the user is more willing to use the APP 1111, thereby improving user stickiness of the APP 1111.

[0051] It should be understood that the APP 1111 in the rendering system 100 is arranged on the cloud comput- ing platform 111. Certainly, the APP 1111 may alterna- tively be arranged on a terminaldevice (for example, a mobile phone or a computer) used by the user. When the APP 1111 is arranged on the terminal device used by the user, the 3D virtual space presentation system 111 may be arranged on the terminal device. A system or the like other than the 3D virtual space presentation system 111 of the cloud computing platform 110 may be arranged on the terminal device, or may be arranged on the cloud computing platform 111, or may be arranged on a server of a vendor of the APP 1111. This may specifically be determined based on an actual situation, and is not limited herein.

[0052] The foregoing is a related description of the rendering system 100 provided in this embodiment of this application. The following describes, based on the foregoing description, a rendering method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0053] For example, FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a rendering method. It may be understood that this meth- od may be performed by using any apparatus,device, platform, or device cluster that has computing and pro- cessing capabilities, for example, performed by using a cloud computing platform, a terminal device, or a client related to a three-dimensional virtual space. For ease of description, the following uses the foregoing cloud com- puting platform 110 as an example for description. As shown in FIG. 3, the rendering method may include the following steps.

[0054] S301: A cloud computing platform obtains a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space.

[0055] In this embodiment, when a user uses, through a client, a cloud service that is provided by the cloud computing platform and that is related to the three-dimen- sional virtual space, the cloud computing platform may first obtain the basic display object in the three-dimen- sional virtual space. The basic display object is an im- mutable object in the three-dimensional virtual space, and may be set by a developer of an APP used to present the three-dimensionalvirtual space. For example, when an exhibition is held by using the APP, an exhibit pre- sented in the exhibition may be the basic display object; or a color, a form, or the like of the exhibit may be the basic display object.

[0056] S302: The cloud computing platform deter- mines a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the user uses the cloud service provided by the cloud computing platform, the cloud computing platform may identify, based on an identifier and the like that are used by the user to log in to the cloud computing platform, the user (referred to as the "target user") that is currently viewing the basic display object in the three-dimensional virtual space.

[0058] S303: The cloud computing platform selects target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, where the plurality of pieces of digital content include different digital content corresponding to a plurality ofusers.

[0059] In this embodiment, after determining the target user, the cloud computing platform may select the target digital content that matches the target user from the plurality of pieces of digital content included in a content library. In the content library, different digital content corresponds to different users.

[0060] In some embodiments, the cloud computing platform may first obtain historical behavior data asso- ciated with the target user; then perform statistical ana- lysis on the historical behavior data to obtain a preference of the target user for digital content in the three-dimen- sional virtual space; and finally, obtain, based on the preference, the digital content associated with the target user from the content library, that is, select the target digital content matching the target user. For example, when the target user uses the APP that is used to present the three-dimensional virtual space, upon authorization from the target user and complying with laws andregula- tions of a place in which the target user resides without involving privacy data, the cloud computing platform may record an operation log of the target user on the APP, and then track a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data as- sociated with the target user. In addition, upon authoriza- tion from the target user, complying with the laws and regulations of the place in which the target user resides without involving privacy data, andauthorization from a third-party platform, the cloud computing platform may obtain an operation log and the like of the target user on the third-party platform from the third-party platform, and analyze the operation log to obtain historical behavior data associated with the target user; or directly obtain the historical behavior data associated with the target user from the third-party platform. In addition, the cloud com- 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 8 13 EP 4 697 277 A1 14 putingplatform may perform statistical analysis on target data that is input by a producer or brand owner of the digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space and is related to the target user, such as profile and analysis data of a specific group (for example, a group of users in a specific age group, or a group of users engaged in a specific profession, or a group of users having a specific preference) and sales data of a brand, to obtain the historical behavior data associated with the target user.

[0061] S304: The cloud computing platform performs rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content, to obtain a target display object.

[0062] In this embodiment, the cloud computing plat- form may perform rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content by using a rendering engine that is arranged in the cloud computing platform, to obtain the target display object. In a possible implementation, the cloud computingplatform may ren- der the basic display object and the target digital content by using a rendering engine of the cloud computing platform, to obtain the target display object.

[0063] In another possible implementation, the render- ing engine of the cloud computing platform may include one basic rendering engine and a plurality of persona- lized rendering engines, and different personalized ren- dering engines are associated with different users. In this case, the cloud computing platform may first render the basic display object by using the basic rendering engine, to obtain a first display object. Then, the cloud computing platform renders the target digital content on the first display object by using a personalized rendering engine associated with the target user, to obtain the target dis- play object.

[0064] S305: The cloud computing platform displays the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space.

[0065] In this embodiment, after obtaining the target displayobject through rendering, the cloud computing platform may display the target displayobject in the three- dimensional virtual space. In addition, the cloud comput- ing platform may send a video stream including the target display object to the client used by the target user, so that the target user may view the target display object on the client used by the target user.

[0066] In this way, different digital content matches different users, and digital content matching a specific user is rendered in a three-dimensional virtual space used by the specific user, so that different users may view different digital content while using the same three- dimensional virtual space, thereby implementing perso- nalized recommendations, making the users to be more willing to use an APP related to the three-dimensional virtual space, and improving user stickiness.

[0067] It should be understood that the rendering method shown in FIG. 3 is described by using a cloud computing platform as an executionbody. For a process of a rendering method in which another device or client is the execution body, refer to the execution process of the cloud computing platform. Details are not described herein again. In addition, the rendering method in which the another device or client is the execution body still falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0068] The foregoing describes the technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding, the following uses examples for descrip- tion.

[0069] For example, a cultural relics exhibition scene is presented in the 3D virtual space. In this scene, the basic display object in the 3D virtual space may be infrastruc- ture in a cultural relics exhibition hall, for example, a booth or a showcase. It is assumed that a user A likes a vase and a mini-game. When the user A starts the client 120 described previously on a terminal device of the user A and chooses to view the 3D virtual space, the cloud computingplatform 110 described previously may first obtain the infrastructure in the cultural relics exhibition hall. Then, the cloud computing platform 110 may learn, based on login information of the user A, that a viewer who is currently viewing content in the 3D virtual space is the user A. The cloud computing platform 110 may then select a vase and a mini-game from a plurality of digital content in a content library of the cloud computing plat- form 110. Finally, the cloud computing platform 110 may first perform rendering to obtain the infrastructure in the cultural relics exhibition hall, then perform rendering on a booth in the infrastructure to obtain the vase, and at the same time perform rendering on a driving route of the user A to obtain the mini-game.

[0070] It is assumed that a user B likes a plate and a specific cartoon image. When the user B starts the client 120 described previously on a terminal device of the user B, and chooses to view the 3D virtual space, the cloudcomputing platform 110 described previously may also first obtain the infrastructure in the cultural relics exhibi- tion hall. Then, the cloud computing platform 110 may learn, based on login information of the user B, that a viewer who is currently viewing content in the 3D virtual space is the user B. Then, the cloud computing platform 110 may select a plate and a cartoon image from a plurality of digital content in a content library of the cloud computing platform 110. Finally, the cloud computing platform 110 may first perform rendering to obtain the infrastructure in the cultural relics exhibition hall, then perform rendering on a booth in the infrastructure to obtain the plate, and at the same time perform rendering on a driving route of the user B to obtain the cartoon image that the user B likes. In this way, the user A and the user B can view different digital content in the same cultural relics exhibition scene, and the digital content matches their respective preferences.

[0071] It may be understood that sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiment do not mean an execution sequence. The execution sequences of the processes should be determined based on functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not be con- strued as any limitation on implementation processes of 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 9 15 EP 4 697 277 A1 16 embodiments of this application.

[0072] The following describes, based on the method in the foregoing embodiment, a rendering apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0073] For example, FIG. 4 is a diagram of a structure of a rendering apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 4, the rendering appa- ratus 400 may include an obtaining module 401, a pro- cessing module 402, a rendering module 403, and a display module 404. The obtaining module 401 is con- figured to obtain a basic display object in a three-dimen- sional virtual space. The processing module 402 iscon- figured to determine a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object, and select target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, where the plurality of pieces of digital content include different digital content corresponding to a plurality of users. The rendering module 403 is configured to perform rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object. The display module 404 is con- figured to display the target display object in the three- dimensional virtual space. For example, the rendering apparatus may be, including but not limited to, deployed on a cloud computing platform.

[0074] In some embodiments, when performing ren- dering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object, the rendering module 403 is specifically configured to: render the basic display object by using a basicrendering engine of a cloud computing platform, to obtain a first display object; and render the target digital content on the first display object by using a personalized rendering engine of the cloud computing platform that corresponds to the target user, to obtain the target display object.

[0075] In some embodiments, when performing ren- dering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object, the rendering module 403 is specifically configured to: render the basic display object and the target digital content by using a rendering engine of a cloud computing platform, to obtain the target display object.

[0076] In some embodiments, before rendering the target digital content, the rendering module 403 is further configured to: adjust a parameter that is in the target digital content and that is related to a visual effect to a target parameter, where the target parameter matches a preference of the target user.

[0077] Insome embodiments, the apparatus further includes a communication module, configured to: after the display module 404 displays the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, send a video stream to a client used by the target user, where the video stream includes the target display object.

[0078] In some embodiments, the digital content in- cludes an object or content presented in a three-dimen- sional form.

[0079] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the plurality of pieces of digital content is obtained through artificial intelligence-generated content AIGC creation.

[0080] In some embodiments, the obtaining module 401 is further configured to obtain historical behavior data associated with the target user; and the processing module 402 is further configured to: analyze the historical behavior data to obtain the preference of the target user for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space; and obtain, based on the preference, digital contentassociated with the target user from a content library.

[0081] In some embodiments, when obtaining the his- torical behavior data associated with the target user, the obtaining module 401 is specifically configured to: obtain an operation log of the target user on a target application, where the target application is used to present the three- dimensional virtual space; and track a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data.

[0082] In some embodiments, the obtaining module 401, the processing module 402, the rendering module 403, and the display module 404 shown in FIG. 4 may all be implemented by using software or implemented by using hardware. For example, the following uses the obtaining module 401 as an example to describe an implementation of the obtaining module 401. Similarly, for implementations of the processing module 402, the rendering module 403, and the display module 404, refer to the implementation of the obtainingmodule 401.

[0083] The module is used as an example of a software functional unit, and the obtaining module 401 may in- clude code run on a computing instance. The computing instance may include at least one of a physical host (a computing device), a virtual machine, and a container. Further, there may be one or more computing instances. For example, the obtaining module 401 may include code run on a plurality of hosts / virtual machines / containers. It should be noted that the plurality of hosts / virtual machi- nes / containers configured to run the code may be dis- tributed in a same region (region), or may be distributed in different regions. Further, the plurality of hosts / virtual machines / containers configured to run the code may be distributed in a same availability zone (availability zone, AZ), or may be distributed in different AZs. Each AZ includes one data center or a plurality of data centers that are geographically close to each other. Usually, one region may include a pluralityof AZs.

[0084] Similarly, the plurality of hosts / virtual machi- nes / containers configured to run the code may be dis- tributed in a same virtual private cloud (virtual private cloud, VPC), or may be distributed in a plurality of VPCs. Usually, one VPC is arranged in one region. For cross- region communication between two VPCs in a same region and between VPCs in different regions, a com- munication gateway needs to be arranged in each of the VPCs, and interconnection between the VPCs is imple- mented through the communication gateway.

[0085] The module is used as an example of a hard- ware functional unit, and the obtaining module 401 may 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 10 17 EP 4 697 277 A1 18 include at least one computing device, for example, a server. Alternatively, the obtaining module 401 may be a device implemented by using an application-specific in- tegrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC), a programmable logic device (programmable lo- gic device, PLD),or the like. The PLD may be implemen- ted by a complex programmable logic device (complex programmable logic device, CPLD), a field-programma- ble gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA), generic array logic (generic array logic, GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0086] A plurality of computing devices included in the obtaining module 401 may be distributed in a same region, or may be distributed in different regions. The plurality of computing devices included in the obtaining module 401 may be distributed in a same AZ, or may be distributed in different AZs. Similarly, the plurality of computing devices included in the obtaining module 401 may be distributed in a same VPC, or may be dis- tributed in a plurality of VPCs. The plurality of computing devices may be any combination of computing devices such as a server, an ASIC, a PLD, a CPLD, an FPGA, and a GAL.

[0087] It should be noted that, in another embodiment, the obtaining module 401 may be configured to perform any stepin the rendering method described in the fore- going embodiment, the processing module 402 may be configured to perform any step in the rendering method described in the foregoing embodiment, the rendering module 403 may be configured to perform any step in the rendering method described in the foregoing embodi- ment, and the display module 404 may be configured to perform any step in the rendering method described in the foregoing embodiment. Steps to be implemented by the obtaining module 401, the processing module 402, the rendering module 403, and the display module 404 may be specified according to a requirement. The obtain- ing module 401, the processing module 402, the render- ing module 403, and the display module 404 separately implement different steps in the rendering method de- scribed in the foregoing embodiment, to implement all functions of the rendering apparatus 400 shown in FIG. 4.

[0088] This application further provides a computing device 500. As shown in FIG. 5,the computing device 500 includes a bus 502, a processor 504, a memory 506, and a communication interface 508. The processor 504, the memory 506, and the communication interface 508 communicate with each other via the bus 502. The com- puting device 500 may be a server or an electronic device. It should be understood that quantities of proces- sors and memories of the computing device 500 are not limited in this application.

[0089] The bus 502 may be a peripheral component interconnect (peripheral component interconnect, PCI) bus, an extended industry standard architecture (ex- tended industry standard architecture, EISA) bus, or the like. Buses may be classified into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one line is used for representation in FIG. 5, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus. The bus 504 may include a path for information transmission between components (for example, the memory 506,the processor 504, and the communication interface 508) of the computing device 500.

[0090] The processor 504 may include any one ormore of processors such as a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a graphics processing unit (gra- phics processing unit, GPU), a microprocessor (micro- processor, MP), or a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP).

[0091] The memory 506 may include a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example, a random access mem- ory (random access memory, RAM). The processor 504 may further include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), for example, a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (hard disk drive, HDD), or a solid-state drive (solid-state drive, SSD).

[0092] The memory 506 stores executable program code, and the processor 504 executes the executable program code to separately implement functions of the obtaining module 401, the processing module 402, the rendering module 403, andthe display module 404 shown in FIG. 4, thereby implementing the rendering method described in the foregoing embodiment. In other words, the memory 506 stores instructions used to per- form the rendering method described in the foregoing embodiment.

[0093] Alternatively, the memory 506 stores executa- ble code, and the processor 504 executes the executable code to separately implement functions of the rendering apparatus 400 shown in FIG. 4, thereby implementing the rendering method described in the foregoing embodi- ment. In other words, the memory 506 stores instructions used to perform the rendering method described in the foregoing embodiment.

[0094] The communication interface 503 uses a trans- ceiver module, for example, including but not limited to, a network interface card or a transceiver, to implement communication between the computing device 500 and another device or a communication network.

[0095] An embodiment of this application further pro- vides a computing devicecluster. The computing device cluster includes at least one computing device. The computing device may be a server, for example, a central server, an edge server, or a local server in a local data center. In some embodiments, the computing device may alternatively be an electronic device, for example, a desk- top computer, a notebook computer, or a smartphone.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 6, the computing device clus- ter includes at least one computing device 500. Mem- ories 506 in the one or more computing devices 500 in the computing device cluster may store same instructions used to perform the rendering method described in the foregoing embodiment. 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 11 19 EP 4 697 277 A1 20

[0097] In some possible implementations, alterna- tively, the memories 506 in the one or more computing devices 500 in the computing device cluster may sepa- rately store some of the instructions used to perform the rendering method described in the foregoing embodi- ments. In otherwords, a combination of the one or more computing devices 500 may collectively execute the instructions used to perform the rendering method de- scribed in the foregoing embodiment.

[0098] It should be noted that the memories 506 in different computing devices 500 in the computing device cluster may store different instructions, which are sepa- rately used to perform some functions of the rendering apparatus 400 shown in FIG. 4. In other words, the instructions stored in the memories 506 in different com- puting devices 500 may implement functions of one or more of the obtaining module 401, the processing mod- ule 402, the rendering module 403, and the display module 404.

[0099] In some possible implementations, the one or more computing devices in the computing device cluster may be connected through a network. The network may be a wide area network, a local area network, or the like. FIG. 7 shows a possible implementation. As shown in FIG. 7, two computing devices 500A and 500B arecon- nected through a network. Specifically, each computing device is connected to the network via a communication interface in the computing device. In this type of possible implementation, a memory 506 in the computing device 500A stores instructions used to perform functions of the obtaining module 401 and the processing module 402; and a memory 506 in the computing device 500B stores instructions used to perform functions of the rendering module 403 and the display module 404.

[0100] It should be understood that functions of the computing device 500A shown in FIG. 7 may alternatively be completed by a plurality of computing devices 500. Similarly, functions of the computing device 500B may alternatively be completed by a plurality of computing devices 500.

[0101] An embodiment of this application further pro- vides another computing device cluster. For a connection relationship between computing devices in the comput- ing device cluster, refer to the connection manners of thecomputing device clusters in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. A differ- ence lies in that, memories 506 in one or more computing devices 500 in the computing device cluster may store same instructions used to perform the method provided in the foregoing embodiment.

[0102] In some possible implementations, the mem- ories 506 in the one or more computing devices 500 in the computing device cluster may separately store some of the instructions used to perform the data processing method. In other words, a combination of the one or more computing devices 500 may collectively execute the instructions used to perform the data processing method.

[0103] Based on the method in the foregoing embodi- ment, an embodiment of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including computer program instructions. When the computer program in- structions are executed by a computing device, the com- puting device performs the method in the foregoing em- bodiment; or when the computer programinstructions are executed by a computing device cluster, the comput- ing device cluster performs the method in the foregoing embodiment. For example, the computer-readable sto- rage medium may be any usable medium that can be stored in a computing device, or a data storage device such as a data center, including one or more usable media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, or a mag- netic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid-state drive), or the like.

[0104] Based on the method in the foregoing embodi- ment, an embodiment of this application provides a computer program product including instructions. When the instructions are run by a computing device, the com- puting device is enabled to perform the method in the foregoing embodiment; or when the instructions are run by a computing device cluster, the computing device cluster is enabled to perform the method in the foregoingembodiment.

[0105] It may be understood that the processor in embodiments of this application may be a central proces- sing unit (central processing unit, CPU), or may be an- other general-purpose processor, a digital signal proces- sor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application-spe- cific integrated circuit (application-specific integrated cir- cuit, ASIC), a field programmable gate array (field pro- grammable gate array, FPGA) or another programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware com- ponent, or any combination thereof. The general-pur- pose processor may be a microprocessor or any regular processor.

[0106] The method steps in embodiments of this ap- plication may be implemented in a hardware manner, or may be implemented in a manner of executing software instructions by the processor. The software instructions may include corresponding software modules. The soft- ware modules may be stored in a random access mem- ory (random access memory, RAM), a flashmemory, a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), a pro- grammable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), an electrically erasable pro- grammable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EE- PROM), a register, a hard disk, a removable hard disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well- known in the art. For example, a storage medium is coupled to a processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write informa- tion into the storage medium. Certainly, the storage med- ium may be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be disposed in an ASIC.

[0107] All or some of the foregoing embodiments may 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 12 21 EP 4 697 277 A1 22 be implemented by using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to implement the embodiments, all or a part of the embodi- ments may be implemented in a formof a computer program product. The computer program product in- cludes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the procedure or functions according to embodiments of this application are all or partially gen- erated. The computer may be a general-purpose com- puter, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or another programmable apparatus. The computer in- structions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or may be transmitted by using the computer- readable storage medium. The computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired (for example, a coaxial cable, an optical fiber, or a digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (for example, infrared, radio, or microwave) manner. The computer-readable storage medium may be any usable medium accessible to the computer, or a data storage device, forexample, a server or a data center, integrating one or more usable media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid- state drive (solid-state drive, SSD)), or the like.

[0108] It may be understood that various numbers in embodiments of this application are merely used for differentiation for ease of description, and are not in- tended to limit the scope of embodiments of this applica- tion.

[0109] Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely intended for describing the technical solutions of this application, but not for limiting this application. Although this application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that modifications may still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalentreplacements may be made to some technical features thereof, without departing from the protection scope of the technical solutions in embodiments of this applica- tion. Claims 1. A rendering method, wherein the method comprises: obtaining a basic display object in a three-di- mensional virtual space; determining a target user who is currently view- ing the basic display object; selecting target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, wherein the plurality of pieces of digital content comprise different digital content corre- sponding to a plurality of users; performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and displaying the target display object in the three- dimensional virtual space. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein perform- ing rendering on the basic display object with refer- ence to the target digital content to obtain the target displayobject specifically comprises: rendering, by a cloud computing platform, the basic display object by using a basic rendering engine, to obtain a first display object; and rendering, by the cloud computing platform, the target digital content on the first display object by using a personalized rendering engine corre- sponding to the target user, to obtain the target display object. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein perform- ing rendering on the basic display object with refer- ence to the target digital content to obtain the target display object specifically comprises: rendering, by a cloud computing platform, the basic display object and the target digital content by using a rendering engine, to obtain the target display ob- ject. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein before rendering the target digital content, the method further comprises: adjusting, by the cloud computing platform, a para- meter that is in the target digital content and that is related to avisual effect to a target parameter, where- in the target parameter matches a preference of the target user. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, the method further comprises: sending, by the cloud computing platform, a video stream to a client used by the target user, wherein the video stream comprises the target display object. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the digital content comprises an object or content presented in a three-dimensional form. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pieces of digital content is obtained through artificial intelli- gence-generated content AIGC creation. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 13 23 EP 4 697 277 A1 24 wherein the method further comprises: obtaining historical behavior data associated with thetarget user; analyzing the historical behavior data to obtain the preference of the target user for digital con- tent in the three-dimensional virtual space; and obtaining, based on the preference, digital con- tent associated with the target user from a con- tent library. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein obtaining the historical behavior data associated with the tar- get user comprises: obtaining an operation log of the target user on a target application, wherein the target application is used to present the three-dimensional virtual space; and tracking a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data. 10. A rendering apparatus, comprising: an obtaining module, configured to obtain a basic display object in a three-dimensional vir- tual space; a processing module, configured to determine a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object, and select target digital content that matches the target user from aplurality of pieces of digital content, wherein the plurality of pieces of digital content comprise different digi- tal content corresponding to a plurality of users; a rendering module, configured to perform ren- dering on the basic display t with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and a display module, configured to display the tar- get display object in the three-dimensional vir- tual space. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein when performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object, the rendering module is spe- cifically configured to: render the basic display object by using a basic rendering engine of a cloud computing platform, to obtain a first display object; and render the target digital content on the first dis- play object by using a personalized rendering engine of the cloud computing platform that corresponds to the target user, to obtain thetarget display object. 12. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein when performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object, the rendering module is spe- cifically configured to: render the basic display object and the target digital content by using a rendering engine of a cloud com- puting platform, to obtain the target display object. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein before rendering the target digital content, the ren- dering module is further configured to: adjust a parameter that is in the target digital content and that is related to a visual effect to a target para- meter, wherein the target parameter matches a pre- ference of the target user. 14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising: a communication module, configured to: after the display module displays the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, send a videostream to a client used by the target user, wherein the video stream comprises the target display object. 15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the digital content comprises an object or content presented in a three-dimensional form. 16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pieces of digital content is obtained through artificial intelli- gence-generated content AIGC creation. 17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the obtaining module is further configured to obtain historical behavior data associated with the target user; and the processing module is further configured to: analyze the historical behavior data to obtain the preference of the target user for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space; and obtain, based on the preference, digital content asso- ciated with the target user from a content library. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17,wherein when obtaining the historical behavior data associated with the target user, the obtaining module is speci- fically configured to: obtain an operation log of the target user on a target application, wherein the target application is used to present the three-dimensional virtual space; and track a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical beha- 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 14 25 EP 4 697 277 A1 26 vior data. 19. A computing device cluster, comprising at least one computing device, wherein each computing device comprises a processor and a memory; and the processor of the at least one computing device is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory of the at least one computing device, so that the computing device cluster performs the meth- od according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 20. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising computer program instructions, wherein when the instructions are run by a computing devicecluster, the computing device cluster is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the computing device cluster comprises at least one computing device. 21. A computer program product comprising instruc- tions, wherein when the instructions are run by a computing device cluster, the computing device cluster is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the computing device cluster comprises at least one computing device. 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 15 EP 4 697 277 A1 16 EP 4 697 277 A1 17 EP 4 697 277 A1 18 EP 4 697 277 A1 19 EP 4 697 277 A1 20 EP 4 697 277 A1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 21 EP 4 697 277 A1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 22 EP 4 697 277 A1 REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader’s convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissionscannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard. Patent documents cited in the description • CN 202310449444

[0001] • CN 202310745716

[0001]

Claims

1. A rendering method, wherein the method comprises: obtaining a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; determining a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object; selecting target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, wherein the plurality of pieces of digital content comprise different digital content corresponding to a plurality of users; performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object specifically comprises: rendering, by a cloud computing platform, the basic display object by using a basic rendering engine, to obtain a first display object; and rendering, by the cloud computing platform, the target digital content on the first display object by using a personalized rendering engine corresponding to the target user, to obtain the target display object.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object specifically comprises: rendering, by a cloud computing platform, the basic display object and the target digital content by using a rendering engine, to obtain the target display object.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein before rendering the target digital content, the method further comprises: adjusting, by the cloud computing platform, a parameter that is in the target digital content and that is related to a visual effect to a target parameter, wherein the target parameter matches a preference of the target user.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after displaying the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, the method further comprises: sending, by the cloud computing platform, a video stream to a client used by the target user, wherein the video stream comprises the target display object.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the digital content comprises an object or content presented in a three-dimensional form.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pieces of digital content is obtained through artificial intelligence-generated content AIGC creation.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method further comprises: obtaining historical behavior data associated with the target user; analyzing the historical behavior data to obtain the preference of the target user for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space; and obtaining, based on the preference, digital content associated with the target user from a content library.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein obtaining the historical behavior data associated with the target user comprises: obtaining an operation log of the target user on a target application, wherein the target application is used to present the three-dimensional virtual space; and tracking a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data.

10. A rendering apparatus, comprising: an obtaining module, configured to obtain a basic display object in a three-dimensional virtual space; a processing module, configured to determine a target user who is currently viewing the basic display object, and select target digital content that matches the target user from a plurality of pieces of digital content, wherein the plurality of pieces of digital content comprise different digital content corresponding to a plurality of users; a rendering module, configured to perform rendering on the basic display t with reference to the target digital content to obtain a target display object; and a display module, configured to display the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein when performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object, the rendering module is specifically configured to: render the basic display object by using a basic rendering engine of a cloud computing platform, to obtain a first display object; and render the target digital content on the first display object by using a personalized rendering engine of the cloud computing platform that corresponds to the target user, to obtain the target display object.

12. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein when performing rendering on the basic display object with reference to the target digital content to obtain the target display object, the rendering module is specifically configured to: render the basic display object and the target digital content by using a rendering engine of a cloud computing platform, to obtain the target display object.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein before rendering the target digital content, the rendering module is further configured to: adjust a parameter that is in the target digital content and that is related to a visual effect to a target parameter, wherein the target parameter matches a preference of the target user.

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising: a communication module, configured to: after the display module displays the target display object in the three-dimensional virtual space, send a video stream to a client used by the target user, wherein the video stream comprises the target display object.

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the digital content comprises an object or content presented in a three-dimensional form.

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pieces of digital content is obtained through artificial intelligence-generated content AIGC creation.

17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the obtaining module is further configured to obtain historical behavior data associated with the target user; and the processing module is further configured to: analyze the historical behavior data to obtain the preference of the target user for digital content in the three-dimensional virtual space; and obtain, based on the preference, digital content associated with the target user from a content library.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein when obtaining the historical behavior data associated with the target user, the obtaining module is specifically configured to: obtain an operation log of the target user on a target application, wherein the target application is used to present the three-dimensional virtual space; and track a user behavior of the target user based on the operation log, to obtain the historical behavior data.

19. A computing device cluster, comprising at least one computing device, wherein each computing device comprises a processor and a memory; and the processor of the at least one computing device is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory of the at least one computing device, so that the computing device cluster performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising computer program instructions, wherein when the instructions are run by a computing device cluster, the computing device cluster is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the computing device cluster comprises at least one computing device.

21. A computer program product comprising instructions, wherein when the instructions are run by a computing device cluster, the computing device cluster is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the computing device cluster comprises at least one computing device.

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