Use of high oleic and high stearic oils

Description

The subject of the invention is the use of sunflower oil with high oleic acid content and high stearic acid content in cologne products, The applications of oils are determined by their fatty acid composition. The main components of these oils are the TAG molecules, which normally make up more than 95% of the oil. Three fatty acids bind to a glycerol to form TAG. If these fatty acids are mainly saturated fatty acids ('saturated'5), the product is called fat and is solid at room temperature. On the other hand, if the fatty acids are mainly unsaturated, it is called oil and is liquid at room temperature. The oils obtained from the seeds grown in the temperate zone (sunflower, soy, rapeseed, etc.) mainly contain unsaturated fatty acids, such as linolenic acid and oleic acid, and are mainly used for cooking, salad dressing, etc. apply them. Fats are extracted from animals (margarine, ghee, etc.), from some tropical trees (cocoa, palm) or from chemically modified (hydrogenation and transesterification) liquid vegetable oils. They mainly contain saturated (pahnifin or stearic acid) or chemically modified fatty acids , with a high melting point. Table 1 shows the fatty acid composition and other properties of some fats and oils. Fats are mostly needed in the food industry for the production of margarine, cooking margarine, pastries, confectionary cakes, sp.ró cakes ("snacks"), etc. The food industry uses fats for these purposes because of their properties (they melt easily, they can be chewed, they stick to the hand easily) and stability (they resist oxidation at room or high temperatures). 1, Table Oil W fat Fatty acid composition (%) Oil.do amounts Other Myrlstín Falmitin Stearin Olein Linoiene Trans Teiitefi Pork fat .3 2 25 12 45 10 1 79 Butter 14 10 26 12 28 3 3 84 Margarine lö 7 dó 34 23 * Falma oil 1 45 5 39 9 18 Olive oil 1 14 3 71 10 2 Cocoa butter 26 35 35 3 4 Normal sunflower oil 7 5 30 57 1 High-fat sunflower oil § 4 88 2 1 * depending on the level of hydrogen power Our file number; 9SS14-361SA / LT £ However, currently available fats are not good. they have negative nutritional properties. The main problem is that they raise the level of the bad form of cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, LDL). This is due to a number of reasons, some of which are related to the origin of the fat and others to its manipulation. Most of the saturated fatty acids in saturated animal fats are in the 2nd position of the TAG molecule. But in most vegetable fats and oils, saturated fatty acids only have a small part in this position, and are therefore healthier. During digestion, the TAG molecule is hydrolyzed by enzymes called Hpase (Figure 1). Fatty acids in positions 1 and 3 are released as free fatty acids. When these fatty acids are saturated, they form an insoluble salt: with calcium and magnesium, and are mostly excreted. But the fatty acids in the 2nd position form detergent molecules with glycerol, which has detergent properties and is easily absorbed into the body. Saturated fatty acids from animal fats are then absorbed, thereby raising the LDL level. In order to increase the percentage of saturated fatty acids, vegetable oils are hydrogenated and / or transesterified. The hydrogenation process produces trans fatty acids, which are even worse than saturated fatty acids, as Wiílett said. W.C and Ascherio, A. ["Trans lactic acids: Áré the effects oníy margmaíT, American Journal of Public Health 84, 722-724. page (1994)]: are presented. The transesterification process randomly changes the fatty acids between the three positions, converting healthy vegetable oils with a low saturated fatty acid content in position 2 into an oil with 3(1%) saturated fatty acids, so neither of the two chemical modifications leads to a healthy product , However, not all fats are unhealthy. It has been shown that cocoa, in which about 69% saturated fatty acids are va® and the remainder is mainly oleic acid, does not raise serum cholesAerirtt. This is for two reasons. One is that only 4% of saturated fatty acids are in the .2 position, and the other is that the saturated fatty acid in is stearic acid. Stearic acid does not have a negative effect on serum cholesterol, Probably the 35% oleic acid a. cocoa butter also adds to its healthy properties. It is important to note that, with the exception of cocoa butter, Gslmitic acid is a supersaturated fatty acid found in fats. However, its fatty acid content is not a very healthy fat. Traditional breeding and genetics were not the only tools used to create seeds with different fatty acid profiles. Increasing the stearic acid content in oil-bearing plants was also targeted by introducing transgenes into the germplasm to modify the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway of vegetable oil. and contains the biosynthesis of two saturated fatty acids (cataic and linoleic). In oilseeds, the srieatw-ACP desaturase is the enzyme that incorporates the first double bond into stearoyl-ACP to form oleic-ACP. Therefore, it is an enzyme that helps to determine the unsaturation of fatty acids with a molecular weight of 18. U.S. Patent No. 5,443,974 discloses the inhibition of the stearate-ACP-desatharase enzyme in "eanola" (a canola variety). -desaturase plant enzyme inhibition in canola by Koutzon et al. proc. hiath Acad, Sci, USA 89, 2624-2628. page <1992)1 were also reported. These results showed an increase in the level of silk yield produced in the ethanol seed. Á research also showed by inhibiting it with an antisease «in honey and soybeans the -3 «** «** «** . *X * ** * ζ X * ί : *·♦»* ... . «.«ι * increase in stearate When a plasmid containing the gene encoding sterol-ACP-desylurase was introduced into canola, this inhibition resulted in an increase in stearate, but unfortunately a decrease in oleate. However, this inhibition of soy stearate resulted in less dramatic reductions in stroke. This slower reduction in the level of oleate may be a function of the lower initial synthesis of oleate in soy. The fatty acid pathway in most oleaginous plants appears to be resistant to sustaining either oleic acid or stearic acid. ECT / ÜS97 / ÖI419. patent document no. 1 reveals an increased level of raisastearic acid and pahnitic acid in sunflower through the inhibition of the plant enzyme stearofl-ACP-desaylase. As we indicated above, the palmiin oil? however, it is not considered a very healthy oil. PC7 / ÖS96 / 0948Ö. Patent document no. Sunflower oil is liquid at room temperature. But its increased pahnifsic acid concentrations are said to enable the oil to be used in vegetable shortening and margarine with relatively little hydrogenation, leading to relatively low color irrans~2fatty acids in the resulting product. However, the commercial value is questionable due to the high level of palmitic acid So there is a demand for sunflower oil that is both healthy and useful for industrial purposes. In addition, it would be desirable to have a sunflower oil in which good saturated fatty acids and good unsaturated fatty acids are in balance, i.e. a high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids, but enough saturated fatty acids in it to be used in margarines and fats without a large amount of bidrogenation, thereby not leading to trace fatty acids in the resulting product , Fundamental! there is a need for a sunflower plant capable of producing seeds containing an oil high in oleic acid and stearic acid with reduced linolenic acid levels. Therefore, the aim of the invention is to provide a sunflower oil with a high content of sieseric acid (as a saturated fatty acid) and high oleic acid (as a saturated fatty acid) that can reduce the above-mentioned problems related to the fat used in various products. there is The invention is based on the following considerations. A series of cyclic reactions catalyzed by the FÁS I enzymatic complex creates palmitoylACP, which contains a carbon atom. A second enzymatic complex called FÁS fi elongates palmitoyl-zkCP to stearoyl-ACP (18 carbon atoms), which is further modified by stearoyl-ACP-desaturase to oleoylACP. which are cut by the thioesterase into ACPs and then exported from the piasts. Later, the oleic acid is oxidized in the oleic acid desaturator to hsolenic acid, TAG (stored oil) is produced in the cytoplasm from the pool of fatty acids in the cytoplasm. This fatty acid pool consists of the fatty acids exported from the placenta and its dosages from the linolenic acid produced in the ciliopiasma. In this way, the fatty acid composition of TAG is determined by the plastidized fatty acids and the linolenic acid produced in the cytoplasm. We planned to select a plant rich in stearin and oleic acid by combining reduced stearate-desatnrase activity (which leads to a decrease in the amount of oleoyl-ACP produced and thus to an increase in stearoyl-ACF) with good thioesterase activity on stearoyl-ACF (which leads to stearic acid degradation). · leads to its export into the cytoplasm). This gives rise to the accumulation of srtearoíl-AC'P* ♦ « ft -4rs in plastis, and the good activity of thioesterase on stearoic-ACP would provide a good source of the high stearic acid content from plastis to TAö-hyosriothesis, In addition to plastisoa, the highly oleic nature of plasma is necessary to keep the linolenic acid content at a low level. lines, the conversion pathway does not work perfectly, so oleic acid is not converted to linolenic acid. The invention is therefore based on the recognition that, on the one hand, a parental line with a high content of sleramic acid and, on the other hand, a second, high oleic acid and stearoyl-ACP high-activity tsoesterase content (.HOHT) grape line can be made such crosses. which result in seeds containing high stearic high oleic acid (HSHO) kombucha. In addition, we surprisingly found that - the zayric acid groups in the sn-2 position of the YAö-molecule in the olais have a maximum of 10 tsmeg%~& of saturated fatty acid groups Therefore, the subject of the invention is the use of sunflower oil in cosmetic or cosmetic products, which has an oleic acid content greater than 40% by mass and a fatty acid content greater than 12% by mass, based on the total fatty acid content of the oil, and the constituents of the oil About 10% of the fatty acid groups in the sn-2 position of TAG molecules are saturated fatty acid groups. Preferably, the saturated fatty acid groups are fatty acids. Preferably, the oil contains a maximum of 8%, more preferably a maximum of 5% of saturated fatty acids, especially stearic acid, in the sn-2 position of the TÁö molecule. With regard to other fatty acids, the ol&js&v content is preferable. between 55 and 75% by weight, the stearic acid content is between 15 and 50% by weight, in particular between 20 and 40% by weight, and the isolenic acid content. less than 20% salt, Preferably.a. the total level of saturated fatty acids is at least 20% by mass. The selection of A. parents can be achieved as follows, High stearic acid-tamalmi lines are those with a stearic acid content greater than minimum 12%, preferably greater than 20%. An example of such a high stearate (HS) parental line is mutagenized. after selection, and its stearic acid content is 26%, available as "CASriT (ATCC Deposit No. 75968, deposited on December 14, 1994), Another example is "CAS-4", which has a stearic acid content of 16.1% (ATCC Accession No. 75969, deposited 14 Dec 1994). By analyzing the oils from the seeds of other candidate lines, the practitioner can select other suitable parental lines. We have found that some of the conventional high oleic acid variants are not suitable for the purposes of this invention because they have been found to have very low thioesterase activity on stearyl-ACP. In order to overcome this, by measuring the thioesterase activity, we can select thioesterase-activating lines with srisaryl-ACP from the collections of available lines with high oleic acid content. Briefly, we first analyze the fatty acid composition of the oils of some promising lines. A suitable HOHT parental line has greater than 7-8% stearic acid content and either less than 5% linoleic acid tartabua or greater than 75% oleic acid toate. After that, the selected lines are grown and pollinated. We measure the total shoot length in the seeds 15 days after flowering (15DAF), both. on both oboll-ACP and stearotl-ACP. In the corresponding lines, the measured activity of stearosyl-ACP should be more than 10% of the measured activity of oleoyl-ACP. The ratio of the two activities determines whether a line corresponds to a parent line. or s«m. * 5 φ > In Table 2, there are two high levels of oleic acid. sunflower line fatty acid composition and thioesterase activity are presented. Table 2: Stearic acid content and thioesterase Vmax on stearoyl-ACP 15 days after flowering in two high oil:acid content sunflower lines. Sunflower line Stearisssv (%) Ti.oéazietase-:5ktivi:ás Vmax HOHT 17.8 2.93 HOLT 8.0 9.82 The HOHT-voaal high oleic acid content, more than twice higher thioesterase activity measured on sHearoti-ACP - lyoesterase-Vmax measured by stearoíKACF - (HOHT) line than a standard high oleic acid content line (HOLT). The relative activity of the enzymes was standardized by sísaroyl-ACP-a compared to oleoyl-Á€P-u It is presented in figure 3. As a result, this line contains more siaric acid 15 days after flowering (Table 2) and also more in obj obtained from mature seeds (Table 3). Table 3: Fatty acid composition of the seeds of two sunflower lines with high oleic acid content. Sunflower line Total lactic acid composition: (%) palmitin stearia lap linoein araqutn behenin HOHT 4.3 97 78.5 3.9 1.0 2.6 HOLT ................ ................................... 3.8 4.9 84.3 4.8 9.5 1.7 This HOHT grape line has been deposited. by Ámenem Type Sugar Co., Ltd. (10891 Umversiíy Boulevard, Manassas, VA 29119-2209) on September 7, 1999 and was assigned the number PTA-628. Trains of both types (HOHT and HOLT) were crossed with the CAS-3 line with high stearm content, A Figure 4 (for the HOHT line) and Figure 5 (for the HOLT line) show the segregation of the two traits (high stearic acid content and high oleic acid content) into the F2 generation. containing seeds are inside a circle. It follows from the figures that a. HOHT line with stearel-ACP high thioester activity has seeds with high oleic acid content and stearic acid content, and the line without high thioesterase activity does not have such seeds. Table 4 shows the fatty acid composition of these lines. 4, Table: Selected lines with high oleic and siaric acid content, high and low thioesterase activities on siaeroll-ACP, after crossing with CAS-3-vemd HS lines. | Sunflower line palmitia ΐ ϊ Jjí p stearin 'Tje i Fatty acid composition {%} araquín ü behenin 2.4 ölein “ 59.2 linoiéin 1 i I HOLT x CAS-3 X'.W'AWW'AWWVWASW'AW.WW 'AVAWAW.VAVAS·. 1 4.3 j 17.4 'X'.WWWAVAVAVAWW.W.SS'XW.WA'AW.VAXS'.WW'AVAV 72.1 4.0 ( 1.3 2.8 >\\\V\\ WW\VAVA,.'AW.'.'.' - 6 The selected F2'V©xss.lafcat ·$-ό generation .through eoporozmk under isolated conditions to avoid contamination. We can analyze doeststrazskfivita to help. in the selection process. Similarly, we also use marker-assisted breeding to follow any or all of the three characteristics to speed up the selection process. Various rssarkers, as an example! SSR microcrystals, ASO, RF'LP and the like are used. The use of markers is not necessary, as standard tests are known for the determination of elaic acid, stearic acid and thioesterase activity. However, the -identified markers follow the characteristics: they make it easier and earlier in the life of the plant. The real cultivated plants produce an oil whose fatty acid composition is similar to that of the selected saturated fatty acids E2 in the 2nd position of the TAG molecule (Table 5); Table 5: Fatty acid composition, TAG and sn positions of the oil of selected real llSHO cultivars. o.d. not detected. Sunflower line Fatty acid composition (in moles) paimitin siaearin. ölein linóiéin araqnin beken in Total oil 5.5 24.9 57.8 8.2 1 n Λ, Λ i,8 TAG 5.6 26, i 57.6 7.4 1.6 1.7 sn-2 position 1.7 1.9 87.4 9.1) n.d. n.d. sn-1 and ss-3 positions 7.2 33.1 4ö.3 73 2.7 2.9 Plants and seeds that produce oil for use according to the invention can be produced by the following process: a) based on the total fatty acid content of the oil, we provide seeds that taste at least 12 wt. b) the oil: based on its total fatty acid content, we ensure seeds containing at least 40% oleic acid oil, whose thioesterase activity on stearoyl-ACP is at least 10% of our thioesterase activity measured on oleyl-ACP; e) cross the plants grown from seeds obtained in steps a) and b); d) we harvest the Fl progeny. Preferably, the procedure also includes the following steps: e) we plant the Fl-nton seeds and grow plants; I) I fertilize the plants grown in this way, creating F2 seeds; g) test the seeds for a stearic acid content of at least 12% by weight. and at least 40% oleic acid content. to its presence in the oil, and that the esterase activity produced stearoyl-ACP! at least KS% of the thioesterase concentration measured on oleoyl-ACP; h) plant the desired sHearic acid-containing, oleic acid-containing and lioesterase-activating seeds to grow plants; i) the plants grown in this way are self-pollinated, creating F3 seeds; j) if appropriate, repeat steps g), b) and i) until: the desired srtearinssv content, oleic acid, damage and thioesterase activity are fixed The steinic acid content is preferably at least 15% by weight, preferably 20% by weight. The sunflower oil for use according to the invention, with a stearic acid content of more than 40% by volume and a stearic acid content of more than 12% by weight based on the total fatty acid content of the oil, can be produced by extracting the oil from the seeds. The process preferably includes an extraction process, during which the (sunflower) oil is not significantly modified. Preferably, during the process of extracting the oil from the seeds, there is no significant chemical or physical modification, no enzymatic rearrangement, and preferably no significant degradation of the oil. The application according to the invention includes the use of the oil in the food industry. Food industry products that are particularly useful for this type of oil include spreads, margarines, phosfoaargarm, sauces, ice cream, soups, pastries, confectionery, and the like. In these food industry products, the level of (sunflower) oil is preferably between 3 and 10 parts by weight in relation to the total weight of the oil in the product. When it is used according to the invention to prepare "spreaz", the (sunflower) oil is preferably used as a starch material in an amount between 5 and 20% by weight. The application of the oil in food industry products includes the use of sunflower seeds in the application of the invention includes the use of the oil in cosmetic products. The level of (sunflower) oil in these cosmetic products is preferably between 3 and 10% by weight. Some examples of these cosmetic products would include creams, lotions, lipsticks, soaps, and skin or oil oils. The steps of the process for selecting a tfeiiaetfiiis plant that produces seeds containing the desired oil for the application according to the invention are as follows: (a) select some . 18% by weight of stearic acid content based on total fatty acid content; (b) select a number of anoate plants and collect seeds from them that have at least 40% by weight of oleic acid based on the oil in the seed, and the thioesterase-activating stearoll-ACP- At least 18% of the oleoresinase activation of oleoyl-ACf: (c) cross the plants grown from the seeds of steps (a) and (b) and harvest the Flint seeds, Additional steps may include: (d) sowing the seeds or using embryos from the embryos of the resulting male progeny to form segregating seeds in the F2 generation; (e) in the P2 generation, we select the seeds from which plants producing seeds developed, the steadic acid content of seeds is greater than 40% by weight and the stearic acid content is greater than 12% by weight based on the total fatty acid content of the oil, and, where applicable, we self-pollinate the selected plants to obtain real nursery plants for saponification. The oil for serial application of the invention can also be produced from fibrinogens. The steps of the procedure for the production of such seeds are as follows: a) we plant the seeds of two inbred plants with a high oleic acid content of at least 40% by weight, and the thioesterase activity of stearoyl-ACf is the thioesterase measured on aleoyl-ACP. of activation at least lö%~&, and one of which can be himstenl, b) cross a. two inbred plants, and e) harvest the FI seeds, which are capable of producing F2 seeds with at least 40% by weight of oleic acid and at least 12% by weight of stearic acid. -8« *·« * ♦· The subject of the invention is the use of vegetable oil with a new and unique fatty acid composition, produced in sunflower. The preferred crop is sunflower. This plant was used for the preparation of taláteáay, Amis® motsol is used for the production of one of the parents or mmdfceöjfifet, the crop must be sensitive to fetmie motageoeissei induced oil changes. The sunflower fulfills all these requirements. This crop is currently the most useful crop for the production of oil and unique fatty acid primary oils in its region. Below is a brief description of the figures belonging to the description: In Fig. 1, the food hydrolysis of triacylglycerols by lipase is shown. In Figure 2, we show a diagram of the fatty acid biosynthesis of oil seeds. Figure 3 shows our thioesterase activation patterns compared to the thioesterase activity of HÖHT and HOLT measured on síearoH-ACP and oleoylACP, The F2-generation segregation of stearic acid and oleic acid in Figure 4 was observed in the cross between the high oleic acid and stearic ACP high thioester active salt (HOLIT) and high stearic acid (LIS) lines. In Fig. 5, the F2-separation segregation of sialic acid and oleic acid is shown. in the cross between lines with high oleic acid content and stearoyl-ACL with low lioterester activity (HOLT) and high stearic acid content (KS). Below is a brief description of the definitions used in the description: Under "SUNFLOWER" we guard .ffe&anffats 4mmm*t. « By PLANT we mean the whole plant and all plant and cellular parts, including pollen, kernel, oil, embryo, stem, head, roots, cells, meristems, cotyledons, anthers, srdcrospores, embryos, DNA, RNA , petals, seeds, and the like, and protoplasts, calluses, or suspensions of any of the photos. By "I5ÖAF" we mean "15 days flowering different", The term "TOTAL FATTY ACID" of sunflower oil means CIO, 1O, 18:1, ;B:2 , 2ö:Ð, 22:0 and other fatty acids, click here as total*, determined at the same time from the seed. By "DEAD" we mean normal wild-type safflower seed oil (with a high to medium (4%~9%) oleic acid content relative to 7%-2% oleic acid content, which has "LOW THIOESTERASE ACTIVITY". A TJOLT-VÖNAL' the HOLT characteristic line, preferably a sunflower line. By .,,ΗΟϊΊΤ" we mean an oil with a high to medium (4Ö%-9Ö%) oleic acid content compared to the wild-type aapmoí oil (17%-2ö% oleic acid content), which has a "HIGH TfOESTERASE ACTIVITY". A "HDKT-LINE" is a HONT-specific line, preferably a sunflower line. "HIGH THIOESTERASE ACTIVITY: we mean a thioesterase activity measured on stearin-ACP (measured by 25DAF) which is at least 10% of the thioesterase activity measured on oleoyl-ACP. Consequently, "LOW THIOESTERASE ACTIVITY" means " We mean the level under HIGH TK3ÉSTERÁZ-AKTIY1TÁS. ~9~ By "HS" we mean the stearic acid content of the oil of at least 12% by volume, preferably at least 15% by weight, more preferably at least IS% by weight, or even at least 20% by weight of the total fatty acid content, "HIGH STEARIC ACID CONTENT LINE" or By "HS-LINE" we mean a line with HS characteristics, preferably a solar-rotating line. By "HOHS" we mean more than 40% stearic acid sulfate and at least 1.2%, preferably at least 15%, more preferably at least 1.8% or even at least 29% of stearic acid in the oil. A "HOHS-LINE" means a line with the characteristic HÖHS shape. Patent examples INTRODUCTION A lack of HMM In order to obtain the HS filter, we apply a process for the production of sunflower seeds with increased siaric* acid and oleic acid content compared to wild-type seeds. According to this method, the parent seed is treated with a mutagenic agent for a period of time at a concentration sufficient to produce one or more mutations in the stearic acid and. in a genetic feature involved in oleic acid-bphosin synthesis. This results in increased production of stearic acid and / or increased levels of oleic acid. Among these mutagenic agents are agents such as nathumazib, or alkylating agent, inlat ethyl methyl sulfonate, and of course any other mutagenic agent having the same or similar effect can be used. Treated seeds may contain heritable genetic changes. The fertilized seeds are then germinated and transplanted into offspring plants. To increase the specifics; the offspring can be crossed or onísrméhenyúheSj. The samples are collected and analyzed. The I. in this example, sodium azide and methyl methanesulfeoate were used as mutagenic agents. Several sunflower lines with between 12 and 45% sialic acid content were obtained. In all cases, the original parental sunflower line R.DF-1-532' (Sunower Collection of Tosntuto de.Agrleoltura Sostenible, CSÍC, Cordoba, Spain) was used to produce the high:satoric acid sustaining line, which has 4-7% stoaric acid contains s in oil. AiOSrSzaló, sectioning In principle, it is sufficient to screen lines with high sialic acid content for the HOHT phenotype and use this line to transform or cross a line with high siaric acid content. ®O! University Botdevard, Manassas, VA 20119-2209), and was assigned the number FTA-62S. ÁHQ· 1 S-bed ready: Seeds with the MOHT trait or the siaric acid trait were then crossed with each other in the HOHS line: created. If appropriate, we can carry out further wetting, breeding and self-pollination cycles to record the homogeneity of the characteristics in the lines and cross and collect seeds. MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES Sunflower (Heilietttfots· ö«»hu? L.) seeds with a modified fatty acid composition derived from high oleic acid tarialma lines were used to test the thioesterase activity measured on storosyl-ACP. The plants were grown in rhizomes at a temperature of 25 / 15°C (day / night), with a photoperiod of 1 hour and 309 with a photocurrent density of Ιopmol m2s'! For wet analysis, seeds were harvested 15 days after flowering and stored at -2°C. B§ák^íY..re.w^ I~:<íC-oleic acid with a specific activity of 2.1 GBq / mm and (9,l(n)-''H)stearic acid with a specific activity of 1.9 öBq / mm are from Amcan Radmlabmed Chemicals, iac, (St. Louis, MO, USA). For the preparation of the fatty acid extract, a suitable volume of fatty acid solution was transferred to a glass tube, the solvent was evaporated under nitrogen, and the residue l.ö% Triloa X-ISÖ, ö,ö mM It was dissolved in NaOH solution. This solution was kept at 55°C for 1 hour to ensure homogeneity. Acyl-ACPs were described by Rock, C.O. and others. [Methítods Eazytnology 72,397-403. who is he. (1981)) was prepared by modifying the enzymatic synthesis procedure. The test procedure consisted of 0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 0.4 M LiCi, 5 tnM ÁTP, 10 ®M MgCL-ζ 130 gM sodium chloride, 0.27 mM' .It contains ACE-SH and 1,8' mu syl-ACF-synfilase (the two latter components were purchased from Sígma-Aldrich Quitnica S.A., Madrid, Spain), in 110 µl end space bags. The reactions were incubated for 3 hours at 37Τ'- οη, After the end of the time, the pH was acidified to 6.0 by the addition of 1 pl of 3.0 M HCÍ, and the mixture was purified from free fatty acids Manóba, M. et al., (Attak Biochem. 68, ŐÖ0 (1975)], according to which an equal volume of isopropanol was added to the mixture and washed three times with isoisopropanol (kh V / V) saturated with hexane, Frozen seeds were peeled and lysed in extekios buffer containing 20 mM Tris-fiCl (p.B 8.5), 2 mM FTT and 5% (V / V) glycerol (Dünnann, P, et al. , Siochím. Biophys. Aota 1212, p. 134136, (1994))-- 1 g tissue per 10 sd paSer ratio. Protein concentrations were measured using Brofofo.iomy O (SloRad) according to the manufacturer's instructions, using BSA as a standard. Ss / im«k.yi^álatl.^aras The aeyl-zkCP-thioesrierase activity was measured in 1.70 pl of the final extract using 339 pl of crude extract. The crude extract was omitted from the controls. The reactions contained 20 mM Tris-BCi (p.H 8.5), 5% glycerol and 2'mM diethyl threitol (GTT), and different concentrations of substrates (stearoyl-ACP and oleoyl-ACP). The incubation was carried out at 25*0-08 for 29 minutes. The reactions were stopped by adding 170 µl of 1 M acetic acid dissolved in isopropanoe containing 1 mM oleic acid. The flies were then washed three times with hexane-saturated water / isopropane (1:1, V / V). The acih / kCP-thioesterase activity was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the aqueous solution containing the non-hydrolyzed substrates. Then 3 ml of ophthalmic fluid (National Diagnostics, Bessle, England) was added to the mmts, and radioactivity was measured with a cephalic counter (Raekbeta Π; LKB, Stveden). The data of the acii-ACB-thioesterase test procedures were fitted to the Michaelis-Menten equation by non-linear least squares regression analysis, using the .AíteromK éfoigm 4. / program, and were correlated to a value of P<0.05, which was determined by the paired Student's test . Vmax and Km values ​​were calculated from these curves. Example L HSrWigi.sWHtation 1. Mutation BMS-sgl -π *·* « β *»:« φ * X «# ) The seeds were treated with the aqueous side of 70 mM eul-metho-sulfonate (ΕΜΕ). The treatment was carried out at room temperature for 2 hours with cross shaking (high rpm). After the rsutagesis, the EMS site was discarded and the seeds were washed with tap water for 16 hours. The treated seeds were germinated and the plants were self-pollinated. The seeds collected from these hedges were used for the selection of open-rotating voulae with a modified fatty acid composition. Gare's. R.. and Máncba, M. [Anal. Biochem, 211, 139-143. page (1993)]: the fatty acid composition of the seed was determined by gas-liquid chromatography, after the fatty acids were converted into the corresponding fatty acids. We selected a first plant with 9-17% stearate in the oil. The offspring were grown for one generation, during which the stearic acid content increased, and the new genetic characteristic became stably fixed in the genetic material of the seed. This train is called CAS-3. The minimum and maximum stearic acid content of the line was 1:9 and 35%, respectively. The azteartnssv content of the oil extracted from the seeds of these cell lines can therefore be between 19 and 35%, He dissolved sunflower seeds in water. I use sodium chloride with a concentration of 2 tAM. Treatment: at room temperature for 2 hours with exposure (SÖ rpm). After that, the metagenesis solution was discarded and the seeds were washed with tap water for 16 hours. The treated seeds were germinated on soil and the plants were pollinated. Seeds were collected from these plants and their fatty acid composition was determined using the gas-liquid tomography described in example 1, while fatty acids were converted into the corresponding methyl esters. The mtigs of the first plant with approximately 10% stearic acid content in the oil were selected and grown for five generations. In the process, the saceric acid tartarforn increased and the new genetic feature became stably fixed. This line is called CAS-4. A selected sample of this line was analyzed, which resulted in a stearic acid content of 1.1%. The minimum and maximum values ​​were 12 and 19%, respectively. he, footsore: Fatty acid composition (%)· Line palm stearin olein lino CAS-3 5.1 26.9 13.8 55.1 CAS-4 5.5 shoot, · 24.3 54.1 Lines CAS-3 and CAS-4 are deposited at the Amertcao Type Culture Collection under ÁTCC accession numbers 75968 and 75969, respectively. ÖMrVSSölAióesa Sunflower plants were grown from the seeds of HÖHT-vonai sunflowers (deposited at ATCC under number PTA-628). We also grew sunflower plants from CAS-3 sunflower seeds. We crossed the lines. We assisted the plants with artificial pollination in order to ensure that proper pollination took place. The P l-cores were punched through the ΙΚΙΙΠ'-οόνες, cut·’ * »·*♦ Λ -12· conversely,. and harvested them The seeds with more than 28% sterol content and more than 40% oleáí-tariahná seeds were selected. Although this produces an oil suitable for use in accordance with the invention, the level of production is limited. Therefore, fixed inbred lines producing seeds with this Italian profile are important. These homozygous inbred HSHO lines can then be crossed to create hybrid seeds, which produce P2 seeds showing the desirable characteristics for use according to the invention. For this purpose, the Fl-seeds were planted, and the resulting seeds were self-pollinated under isolated conditions, and an F2~msg was created. The F2 seed was tested for the three characteristics of high stearic acid content, high oleic acid content, and high thioesterase activity. We used the surviving parts of these traits to grow plants, creating F'3 seeds. It is: sport; and the screening and selection process was repeated to create the homozygous HSHO line from Röghet, which has the following fatty acid profile. there are: C: 16 5.4, C118.Ö 24.8 ¢:18.1 58.5 ¢:18.2 7.2. Once the trait is established, a similar HSHO line can be crossed to produce hybrid seeds carrying both traits. The sunflower plants and seeds, from which the oil for use according to the invention can be extracted, are produced by a biotechnological process. A high content of stearic acid is an attractive characteristic and is completely independent of the growing conditions, 2- blsócrossing Sunflower plants were grown from sunflower seeds of the HOHT line with 10.7% by weight of stearic acid and 76.4% by weight of oleic acid. We also grew sunflower plants from CAS-3 sunflower seeds. The plants were crossed. We assisted the plants with artificial pollination in order to ensure that proper seed formation took place. FI-seeds were produced on HOHT-rfo lines or vice versa and harvested. We selected Fl seeds with 9.8% by weight steadic acid content and 80.7% olive oil content. This FI seed was planted, and the resulting plant was five-pollinated under isolated conditions, and its F2 seeds were staked. We tested these F2 seeds for oleic acid and stearic acid content, and selected seeds with 23.6% by weight of stearic acid and 65.5% by weight of oleic acid. This F2 seed was planted and the resulting plant was self-pollinated under isolated conditions, and several 1.5DA.F seeds were collected and analyzed for steacoyl-ACP methylase activity. We selected plants that yielded seeds with more than 1% thioesterase activity on siaeroyl-ACP compared to the thioesterase activity of the same plant. The plants selected in the previous step with a higher than 211% stearic acid content and higher than 40% oleic acid content were self-pollinated, screened and selected to develop fixed homozygous lines with high stearic acid content and high oleic acid content, whose oil the following is its fatty acid profile: palmitic acid; 7.8 of capital»; stearic acid: 24 by weight; oleic acid; 57.7% by weight; Imolensv: 5.9% by weight; araquinic acid: 1.9% by weight; behenic acid:: 2.7%; -13 Once the characteristic has been fixed, we can cross a train with a similar high stearic acid content and high l^acid content to produce hybrid seeds bearing the above selected characteristics. The analysis of the TAG-mclefada ss-2 and stt-1,3 positions in the oil shows the following fatty acid distribution chart (in % by weight): sn-2: Psyllinic acid: 3.3%; stearic acid: 3.4%; oleic acid: 80%; linolenic acid: 4.5%; araquic acid: 0%; babenmic acid:. She%; stt-1.3: pateitic acid: 9%; meariic acid; 29.9%; oleic acid: Ss.1%; Imolenic acid. 4.7%; aramic acid; 2.3%; behenmic acid: 3%; So the total amount of saturated fatty acid groups in the sn-2 position of the TAG molecule in the oil is 6.7 wt.*. 3. Milking others A sunflower plant was grown from 8.4% stearin and 78.5% oleic acid. We also grew sunflower plants from CAS-3 sunflower seeds. The plants were crossed. The plants were assisted by artificial pollination in order to ensure proper seed production. The i-Ί seeds were produced on the HOHT plants, or vice versa, and harvested. 7.1% stearin-based and 84.6% by weight oil-based F-ntagoí selections. These Fi seeds were planted, and the resulting hedge was self-pollinated under isolated conditions, and F2 seeds were created. These F2 seeds were tested for oleic acid and stearic acid levels. We selected seeds containing 22.8% stearic acid and 64.8% oleic acid by weight. This. the F2 seed was planted and the resulting plant was self-pollinated under isolated conditions, and 1SDAF several seeds were analyzed for hsbtL and stearoyl / kCF-thioesterase activity. Compared to the thioesterase activity measured on the stearoyl-ACP of the same plant, we selected plants that yielded seeds with a thioesterase activity of more than 10% stearoyl-ACP. The seeds of the hedges selected in the previous step, matured to 2% stearic acid content and higher than 40% oleic acid content, were repeatedly self-pollinated, screened and selected to develop a fixed homozygous high stearic acid and high oleic acid line. whose oil has the following fatty acid profile: palmitic acid: 5.8 wt!®; stearic acid: 24.7% by mass; -Η0*0 0 κ * ♦ φ 0« oleic acid: 57.8% by weight; lysolenic acid: 8.2% by weight; amquiic acid: i.8% by weight; behenhteav:. 1.8 percent; Once the characteristic is fixed, a similar line with high stearic acid content and high oleic acid can be crossed to produce isbdfeags bearing the above selected characteristics. Analysis of the sn-2 and sa-1,3 positions of rAö-motekola in the oil shows the following fatty acid distribution (in % by mass): sn-2: palmitic acid: 1.7%; stearic acid: ί .9%; oleic acid: 87.5%; unolenic acid;. 8.9%; araquisic acid: 079; hehenylic acid: 0%; st?-3,3: palmitic acid; 7.2%; steachic acid; 33.2%; oleic acid: 48.9%; unolenic acid: 7.3%; stranginic acid: 2.6%; behenic acid: 2.8%; So the total amount of saturated fatty acid groups. TAG-mofokuia at the sn-2 position in the oil is 3.6 vol.meg%. 4. Htowdik.kcrossing Spruce plants were grown in a spruce forest with 9.9 wt% stearic acid content and 1.2 wt% fatty acid content of HÖHT. We also grew sunflower plants from CAS-2 sunflower seeds. The plants were crossed. I helped the plants with artificial pollination in order to secure them. the occurrence of proper seed formation. FI seeds were produced on HOOT plants or vice versa and harvested, F I seeds with 8.9 wt% stearic acid grain flour and 8.2.3 wt% oleic acid content were selected. These F seeds were planted, and the resulting plant was self-pollinated between isolated circles, and F2 seeds were produced as cosms. These F2 seeds were tested for oleic acid content and sialic acid content, 23.9 wt% stemic acid content and 64. we selected seeds with oleic acid content by weight This F2 seed was planted and the resulting plant was pollinated under isolated conditions and 15DAF several seeds were collected and analyzed for stearoyl-ACP thioesterase activity. We selected plants that yielded seeds with 10% stoaroyl-ACPm measured thioesterase dilution. The hedges selected in the previous step were higher ΦΦ '45' was repeatedly self-pollinated, screened and selected to be recorded as mature tendons with 20 t$.Ti5«g% sdeariric acid content and higher than 4Ö weight* oleic acid content. develop a homozygous high stearic acid lartakna and high oleic acid content line, whose oil has the following sulfuric acid profile; pahfeic acid: 5.4% by volume; steanic acid: 24.2. weight%>; oleic acid:: 62.1% by weight; lysolenic acid: 4.7 vol.g%; araquiic acid: 1% by mass; behenic acid: 2.8 vol%; Once the characteristic is established, similar high stearic acid levels and high oleic acid levels. we cross a selection to produce hybrid seeds with the above selected characteristics. The analysis of the sn-2 and s-1,3 positions of the TAG molecule in the oil shows the following fatty acid distribution (% by mass; sn-2: palmic acid: 1.8%; stearic acid: 3.3%; oleic acid', S9.é%; linolenic acid: 5.3%; ardqux acid: 0%; behemchic acid; 9%; sn-1,3-palmitic acid: 9.5%; stearic acid: 33.5%; oleic acid; 48.2%; Ihöl.sv: 4.3%; aramic acid; 2.2%; behenic acid: 2.3%; So the total amount of saturated fatty acid groups in the sn-2 position of the TAG molecule in the oil is 5.1

Claims

Use of safflower oil in a food or cosmetic product, which oil has, based on the total fatty acid content, more than 40% by weight of oleic acid and more than 20% by weight of stearic acid, and a maximum of 10% by weight of the fatty acid groups in the 2-position of the fatty acid molecules constituting the oil are saturated fatty acid groups.

2. The use according to Claim t, wherein the food product is any of creams, sauces, ice cream, soups, bakery products or confectionery products, 3. Use according to claim 2, wherein the food-grade cream comprises sunflower oil as a thickener in a proportion of between 5 and 20% by weight.

4. Use according to claim 1, wherein the cosmetic product is a cream, wash, lip balm, soap or skin or hair oil which: