Random access method and random access apparatus

Abstract

The present invention relates to a random access method, wherein same is applicable to a user equipment. The method comprises: sending a preamble and an identity identifier to a base station to initiate random access; receiving a message fed back by the base station for the preamble and the identity identifier, wherein the message includes at least one information unit, and different information units are used for indicating different results of a user equipment initiating the random access; and executing, according to the results, indicated by the information units included in the message, of initiating the random access, corresponding operations. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, a user equipment and a base station can complete a random access process by means of respectively sending a message, thereby effectively reducing the time occupied by the random access process and reducing the communication delay between the user equipment and the base station.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and inparticular to a random access method, a random access apparatus, an electronic device and acomputer-readable storage medium.BACKGROUND

[0002] There are four actions required to perform a random access process in therelated art when user equipment communicates with a base station. The user equipment isrequired to perform two actions. That is, the user equipment transmits a MSG1 (a firstrandom access message) to the base station, and transmits a MSG3 (a third random accessmessage) to the base station. The base station is required to perform two actions. That is, thebase station transmits a MSG3 (a third random access message) to the user equipment, andtransmits a MSG4 (fourth random access message) to the base station.

[0003] However, a duration of performing the above four actions is too long, whichcauses a long delay in establishing a communication connection between the user equipmentand the base station.SUMMARY

[0004] According to a first aspect of the disclosure, a random access method for userequipment is provided.

[0005] The method includes initiating random access by transmitting a preamble andan identity to a base station.

[0006] The method further includes receiving a message fed back by the base stationfor the preamble and the identity, in which the message includes at least one information unit,and different information units are configured to indicate different results of initiating randomaccess through the user equipment.

[0007] The method further includes performing an operation corresponding to a resultof initiating random access indicated by the information unit in the message.

[0008] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[0009] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[0010] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity andcontention resolution information.

[0011] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[0012] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[0013] Optionally, the fourth information unit includes a backoff indicator only, andthe backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

[0014] Optionally, performing the operation corresponding to the result of initiatingrandom access indicated by the information unit in the message includes the following.

[0015] The first information unit in the message is queried.

[0016] A communication connection with the base station is established, in responsethat a preamble identity included in the first information unit is the same as a preambleidentity transmitted by the user equipment.

[0017] The second information unit in the message is queried in response that thepreamble identity included in the first information unit is different from the preamble identitytransmitted by the user equipment.

[0018] Random access re-initiated in a preset mode, in response that a preambleidentity included in the second information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by the user equipment.

[0019] The third information unit in the message is queried in response that thepreamble identity included in the second information unit is different from the preambleidentity transmitted by the user equipment.

[0020] A preset action is performed in response that a preamble identity included inthe third information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by the userequipment.

[0021] The fourth information unit in the message is queried in response that thepreamble identity included in the third information unit is different from the preambleidentity transmitted by the user equipment.

[0022] The preamble and the identity are re-transmitted to the base station based onbackoff indicator in the fourth information unit.

[0023] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are subPDUs (sub protocol data units) of aMAC (Media Access Control) layer.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the disclosure, a random access method for abase station is provided.

[0025] The method includes receiving a preamble and an identity from userequipment.

[0026] The method further includes determining a result of initiating random accessthrough the user equipment based on the preamble and the identity.

[0027] The method further includes transmitting a message to the user equipmentbased on the result, in which the message includes at least one information unit, and differentinformation units are configured to indicate different results of initiating random accessthrough the user equipment.

[0028] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[0029] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[0030] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity andcontention resolution information.

[0031] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[0032] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[0033] Optionally, the fourth information unit includes a backoff indicator only, andthe backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

[0034] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are subPDUs (sub protocol data units) of aMAC (Media Access Control) layer.

[0035] According to a third aspect of the disclosure, a random access apparatus foruser equipment is provided. The apparatus includes: a random access initiating module, amessage receiving module and an operation executing module.

[0036] The random access initiating module is configured to initiate random accessby transmitting a preamble and an identity to a base station.

[0037] The message receiving module is configured to receive a message fed back bythe base station for the preamble and the identity, in which the message includes at least oneinformation unit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results ofinitiating random access through the user equipment.

[0038] The operation executing module is configured to perform an operationcorresponding to a result of initiating random access indicated by the information unit in themessage.

[0039] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[0040] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[0041] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity andcontention resolution information.

[0042] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[0043] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[0044] Optionally, the fourth information unit includes a backoff indicator only, andthe backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

[0045] Optionally, the operation executing module includes: a querying sub-module,a connection establishing sub-module, a re-initiating sub-module, an action executingsub-module and a backoff submodule.

[0046] The querying sub-module is configured to query the first information unit inthe message; to query the second information unit in the message, in response that a preambleidentity included in the first information unit is different from a preamble identity transmittedby the user equipment; to query the third information unit in the message, in response that apreamble identity included in the second information unit is different from the preambleidentity transmitted by the user equipment; and to query the fourth information unit in themessage, in response that a preamble identity included in the third information unit isdifferent from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[0047] The connection establishing sub-module is configured to establish acommunication connection with the base station, in response that the preamble identityincluded in the first information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by theuser equipment.

[0048] The re-initiating sub-module is configured to re-initiate random access in apreset mode, in response that the preamble identity included in the second information unit isthe same as the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[0049] The step executing sub-module is configured to perform a preset action, inresponse that the preamble identity included in the third information unit is the same as thepreamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[0050] The backoff submodule is configured to re-transmit the preamble and theidentity to the base station based on backoff indicator in the fourth information unit.

[0051] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are subPDUs (sub protocol data units) of aMAC (Media Access Control) layer.

[0052] According to a fourth aspect of the disclosure, a random access apparatus for abase station is provided. The apparatus includes: a receiving module, a result determiningmodule and a message transmitting module.

[0053] The receiving module is configured to receive a preamble and an identitytransmitted by user equipment.

[0054] The result determining module is configured to determine a result of initiatingrandom access through the user equipment based on the preamble and the identity.

[0055] The message transmitting module is configured to transmit a message to theuser equipment based on the result, in which the message includes at least one informationunit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results of initiatingrandom access through the user equipment.

[0056] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[0057] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[0058] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity andcontention resolution information.

[0059] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[0060] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[0061] Optionally, the fourth information unit includes a backoff indicator only, andthe backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

[0062] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are subPDUs (sub protocol data units) of aMAC (Media Access Control) layer.

[0063] According to a fifth aspect of the disclosure, an electronic device is provided.

[0064] The electronic device includes a processor.

[0065] The electronic device further includes a memory for storing instructionsexecutable by the processor.

[0066] The processor is configured to perform the method according to any of theabove embodiments.

[0067] According to a sixth aspect of the disclosure, a computer-readable storagemedium with computer programs stored thereon is provided. When the programs areexecuted by a processor, the method according to any of the above embodiments isperformed.

[0068] According to embodiments of the disclosure, when the user equipmentintegrates the preamble and the identity into one message and transmits the message to thebase station to initiate random access, the base station generates different information units toindicate different results of initiating random access through the user equipment and transmitat least one information unit as a message to the user equipment, so that one or more userequipment may determine the result of initiating random access based on the receivedmessage, and perform the operation corresponding to the result. Therefore, the userequipment and the base station may each transmit one message to the other to complete therandom access process, which effectively reduces the duration of the random access process,and helps reduce the communication delay between the user equipment and the base station.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to clearly illustrate technical solutions of embodiments of thedisclosure, a brief description of drawings used in embodiments is given below. Obviously,the drawings in the following descriptions are only part embodiments of the disclosure, andfor those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawingswithout creative labor.FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a random access method according to embodiments of thedisclosure.FIG. 2 is a flowchart of performing an operation corresponding to a result of initiatingrandom access indicated by the information unit in the message according to embodiments ofthe disclosure.FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a protocol data unit according to embodiments of thedisclosure.FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a random access method according to embodiments of thedisclosure.FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a random access apparatus according to embodiments of thedisclosure.FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an operation executing module according to embodiments ofthe disclosure.FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a random access apparatus according to embodiments of thedisclosure.FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a random access device according to embodiments of thedisclosure.FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a random access device according to embodiments of thedisclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] Reference will be made clearly and completely to technical solutions inembodiments of the disclosure with accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodimentsdescribed herein are only part of the embodiments of the disclosure and are not allembodiments of the disclosure. Based on the embodiments of the disclosure, otherembodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within scope ofthe disclosure.

[0071] FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a random access method according to embodiments ofthe disclosure. The random access method described in the embodiments of the disclosure isapplicable to user equipment. The user equipment may communicate with a base station, forexample may communicate with the base station based on 4G (4th-Generation MobileCommunication Technology) or 5G (5th-Generation Mobile Communication Technology)technologies. The user equipment may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wearabledevice and other electronic devices.

[0072] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the random access method includes the following.

[0073] In block S1, random access is initiated by transmitting a preamble and anidentity to a base station.

[0074] In block S2, a message fed back by the base station for the preamble and theidentity is received, in which the message includes at least one information unit, and differentinformation units are configured to indicate different results of initiating random access bythe user equipment.

[0075] In block S3, an operation, corresponding to a result of initiating random accessindicated by the information unit in the message, is performed.

[0076] In the related art, the random access (the competitive random access) processbetween the user equipment and the base station includes 4 actions. Firstly, the userequipment transmits the first message MSG1 of the random access to the base station, and theMSG1 mainly includes a preamble. After receiving the MGS1, the base station transmits thesecond message MSG2 of the random access to the user equipment. The MSG2 may becalled a RAR (random access response), which mainly includes a preamble identity anduplink resource allocation information. After the user equipment receives the MSG2, the userequipment transmits the third message MSG3 of the random access to the base station, andthe MSG3 mainly includes a user identity of the user equipment. After the base stationreceives the MSG3, the base station transmits contention resolution (CR) information to theuser equipment. The user equipment determines whether the communication connectionbetween the user equipment and the base station is established based on the CR information.

[0077] After receiving the preamble and the identity, the base station determines theresult(s) of initiating random access through the user equipment based on the preamble andthe identity. For example, it is determined whether the received preamble is the same as apreset preamble, and / or whether the received identity is the same as a preset identity, and thena corresponding message is generated based on the result(s) accessed at any time.

[0078] In some embodiments, the results accessed at any time may include 4 types.

[0079] Firstly, if the random access is successful, i.e., success in competition for thecompetitive random access, the first information unit is generated and transmitted to the userequipment.

[0080] Secondly, if the random access is failed, the user equipment is required tore-initiate random access in a preset mode, for example, to re-initiate random access based onthe 4 actions of initiating random access in the related art.

[0081] Thirdly, if the random access is failed, the user equipment needs to perform apreset action, such as transmitting a request to the base station to obtain a system message, orimmediately retransmitting the preamble and the identity to the base station to re-initiaterandom access.

[0082] Fourthly, if the random access is failed, the user equipment needs to wait for aperiod of time before re-initiating random access.

[0083] With respect to the foregoing four types of results, the base station maygenerate the message corresponding to the results, and the message may include at least oneinformation unit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results ofthe user equipment initiating random access.

[0084] It should be noted that the base station transmits the message by broadcasting,and the message may be scrambled by a preset scrambling mode, so that when one or moreuser equipment receives the message, only the user equipment that descrambles the messagethrough a preset descrambling mode (corresponding to the preset scrambling mode), mayobtain the content indicated by the information unit included in the message.

[0085] In addition, the information unit may include indication information andidentification information of the user equipment. The indication information indicates theresult of initiating random access through the user equipment. The identification informationof the user equipment indicates the user equipment corresponding to the indicationinformation in the same information unit as the identification information of the userequipment. The identification information may include the identity of the user equipment,and the identities (index numbers) of all preambles transmitted by the user equipment.

[0086] For example, the first information unit may include identification informationof user equipment A and CR information. When both user equipment A and user equipment Bdescramble the message through the preset descrambling mode, the identification informationand the CR information in the first information unit included in the message are obtained byuser equipment A and user equipment B; then it is further determined which user equipmentthe CR information is for based on the identification information in the first information unit.Since the identification information is the identification information of user equipment A,user equipment A determines that the identification information matches its ownidentification information, and user equipment B determines that the identificationinformation does not match its own identification information, so that user equipment Adetermines that the random access competition is successful, and user equipment B determinethat the random access competition is failed.

[0087] After receiving the message transmitted by the base station, the userequipment may determine the result of random access based on the content indicated by theinformation unit included in the message, and then perform the operation corresponding tothe result. For example, in a case of successful random access, the communication connectionbetween the user equipment and the base station is established. In a case that random accessneeds to be re-initiated in a preset mode, the random access is re-initiated in the preset mode.In a case that a preset action needs to be executed, the preset action is executed. In a case thatthe random access is re-initiated after a period of time, the random access is re-initiated afterthe period of time.

[0088] According to embodiments of the disclosure, when the user equipmentintegrates the preamble and the identity into one message and transmits the message to thebase station to initiate random access, the base station generates different information units toindicate different results of initiating random access through the user equipment and transmitat least one information unit as a message to the user equipment, so that one or more userequipment may determine the result of initiating random access based on the receivedmessage, and perform the operation corresponding to the result. Therefore, the userequipment and the base station may each transmit one message to the other to complete therandom access process, which effectively reduces the duration of the random access process,and helps reduce the communication delay between the user equipment and the base station.

[0089] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[0090] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[0091] In some embodiments, there may be multiple results of random access, and thebase station generates the corresponding information unit for each type of results of randomaccess. For example, for 4 types of results of random access, the base station generates thefirst information unit to indicate that the user equipment has succeeded in random access, thesecond information unit to indicate that the user equipment re-initiates random access in thepreset mode, the third information unit to indicate that the user equipment performs the presetaction, and the fourth information unit to indicate the backoff duration of the user equipment.

[0092] It should be noted that the message may include one or more information unitof the above 4 information units.

[0093] When the message includes one information unit of the above fourinformation units, the user equipment may determine the result of random access based onthe information unit. When the message includes multiple information units of the above 4information units, the user equipment queries the information units based on priorities, anddetermines the result of random access based on the information unit with the highest priority.When the information unit includes the identification information of the user equipment, theuser equipment may also determine the result of random access based on the information unitincluding the same identification information as its own identification information in themultiple information units.

[0094] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity (RAPID,Random Access Preamble Identifier) and CR information.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first information unit may include the preambleidentity and CR information, and the user equipment may determine whether the preambleidentity in the first information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by itself.If the preamble identity in the first information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself, it is determined that the CR information is for itself, and it is furtherdetermined that the random access competition is successful, and the communicationconnection between the user equipment and the base station is established.

[0096] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[0097] In some embodiments, the second information unit may include the preambleidentity and the indication information. The user equipment may determine whether thepreamble identity in the second information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself. If the preamble identity in the second information unit is the same as thepreamble identity transmitted by itself, it is determined that the indication information is foritself, and random access is re-initiated in the preset mode, for example, random access isre-initiated based on the 4 actions of initiating random access in the related art.

[0098] The indication information may be a random access response, which mayinclude time adjustment information of uplink synchronization, and uplink resourceinformation.

[0099] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[00100] In some embodiments, the third information unit may only include thepreamble identity, and the user equipment may determine whether the preamble identity inthe third information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by itself. If thepreamble identity in the third information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself, there is no other content in the information unit except the preambleidentity, and the preset action may be performed, such as transmitting a request to the basestation to obtain a system message, or immediately retransmitting the preamble and theidentity to the base station to re-initiate random access.

[00101] The preset action includes but is not limited to the above two cases, whichmay be set as required.

[00102] Optionally, the fourth information unit only includes a backoff indicatorassociated with the backoff duration.

[00103] In some embodiments, the fourth information unit may only include thebackoff indicator, and the user equipment may re-transmit the preamble and the identity tothe base station based on the backoff indicator to re-initiate the random access. The backoffindicator may be a value associated with the back-off duration, and the user equipment maydetermine the back-off duration based on the backoff indicator, and the back-off duration isdelayed before retransmitting the preamble and identity to the base station.

[00104] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of performing an operation corresponding to a result ofinitiating random access indicated by the information unit in the message according toembodiments of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 2, performing the operationcorresponding to the result of initiating random access indicated by the information unit inthe message includes the following.

[00105] In block S31, the first information unit in the message is queried.

[00106] In block S32, a communication connection between the user equipment andthe base station is established, in response that the preamble identity included in the firstinformation unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00107] In some embodiments, since the first information unit is configured to indicatewhether random access of the user equipment is succeeded, the user equipment determineswhether the random access is successful based on the first information unit when the firstinformation unit is queried. For example, it is determined whether the preamble identity inthe first information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by itself. If thepreamble identity in the first information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmittedby itself, it is determined that the CR information is for itself, to determine that the randomaccess competition is successful. Then, the communication connection between the userequipment and the base station is established and querying other information units issuspended.

[00108] Generally, when the base station indicates that random access of certain userequipment is succeeded, it may not indicate that the user equipment has failed random accessat the same time. Therefore, once the user equipment determines that the random access issuccessful based on the first information unit, the communication connection between theuser equipment and the base station is established. Only when it is determined based on thefirst information unit that the random access is failed, other information units are required todetermine which operation to perform. Therefore, the user equipment is set to query the firstinformation unit in the message after receiving the message transmitted by the base station, todetermine whether the random access is successful based on the first information unit, so asto avoid the problem of delay in determining the success of random access when the userequipment first inquires other information units, when the base station indicates the successof the random access of the user equipment through the first information unit.

[00109] In block S33, the second information unit in the message is queried, inresponse that the preamble identity included in the first information unit is different from thepreamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00110] In block S34, random access is re-initiated in a preset mode, in response thatthe preamble identity included in the second information unit is the same as the preambleidentity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00111] Further, if the preamble identity included in the first information unit that isqueried is different from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment, the secondinformation unit is queried first. Since the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the random access is re-initiated in the preset mode, the user equipment determineswhether the random access is successful based on the second information unit when thesecond information unit is queried, for example, determines whether the preamble identity inthe second information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by itself. If thepreamble identity in the second information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself, it is determined that the indication information is for the user equipment,so that random access is re-initiated in the preset mode and querying other information unitsis suspended.

[00112] Generally, when the user equipment and the base station try to complete therandom access process by transmitting one message to each other, and the random access isfailed, the first information unit included in the message transmitted by the base station maynot include the identity of the user equipment. In this case, if the base station still wants theuser equipment to complete the random access, the base station transmits the secondinformation unit including the identity of the user equipment in the message. When thepreamble identity included in the first information unit queried is different from the preambleidentity transmitted by the user equipment, the user equipment may first query the secondinformation unit in the message. It is determined based on the second information unitwhether to re-initiate the random access in the preset mode, so as to avoid the problem ofdelay in determining the success of random access when the user equipment first queriesother information units but the base station instructs the user equipment to re-initiate therandom access in the preset mode through the second information unit.

[00113] In block S35, the third information unit in the message is queried, in responsethat the preamble identity included in the second information unit is different from thepreamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00114] In block S36, a preset action is performed, in response that the preambleidentity included in the third information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmittedby the user equipment.

[00115] Further, if the preamble identity included in the second information unit that isqueried is different from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment, the thirdinformation unit may be queried first. Since the third information unit is configured toindicate whether the user equipment performs the preset action, the user equipmentdetermines whether the random access is successful based on the third information unit whenthe third information unit is queried, for example, it is determined whether the preambleidentity in the third information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by itself.If the preamble identity in the third information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself, the preset action is performed and querying on other information units issuspended.

[00116] Generally, when the user equipment and the base station try to complete therandom access process by transmitting one message to each other, and the random access isfailed, the base station wants the user equipment to be able to perform the preset action, soneither the first information unit nor the second information unit included in the messagetransmitted by the base station includes the identity of the user equipment. In this case, theuser equipment is set to query the third information unit in the message first, to determinewhether to perform the preset action based on the third information unit, to avoid the problemof delay in executing the preset action when the base station instructs the user equipment toperform the preset action through the second information unit but the user equipment firstqueries other information units.

[00117] In block S37, the fourth information unit in the message is queried, inresponse that the preamble identity included in the third information unit is different from thepreamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00118] In block S38, the preamble and the identity are re-transmitted to the basestation based on the backoff indicator in the fourth information unit.

[00119] Further, if the preamble identity included in the queried third information unitis different from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment, the fourthinformation unit may continue to be queried, and the fourth information unit is generallycarried in the message transmitted to the user equipment by the base station. For example, forcertain user equipment, if the first information unit, the second information unit, and the thirdinformation unit in the message transmitted by the base station may not include the identityof the user equipment, the user equipment queries the fourth information unit. The preambleand the identity are re-transmitted to the base station based on the backoff indicator in thefourth information unit, for example, the back-off duration is determined based on thebackoff indicator, and the back-off duration is delayed before re-transmitting the preambleand the identity to the base station to initiate the random access.

[00120] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are subPDUs (sub protocol data units) of aMAC (Media Access Control) layer.

[00121] In some embodiments, the message transmitted by the base station mayinclude a PDU (Protocol Data Unit), the protocol data unit may include multiple subPDUs,and may also include multiple paddings.

[00122] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a protocol data unit according to embodiments ofthe disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the PDU includes n subPDUs, and may include oneoptional padding.

[00123] In FIG. 3, subPDU1 is the foregoing fourth information unit, which onlyincludes a BI (backoff indicator), and subPDU1 is used as an E / T / R / R / BI sub-header.

[00124] subPDU2 is the aforementioned third information unit, which only includesRAPID (i.e., the preamble identity), and subPDU2 is used as the E / T / RAPID sub-header.

[00125] subPDU3 is the above-mentioned second information unit, which includesRAPID and indication information, the indication information may be RAR, and subPDU3may be used as the E / T / RAPID sub-header and RAR.

[00126] subPDU4 is the above-mentioned first information unit, which includesRAPID and CR information, and subPDU4 may be used as E / T / RAPID sub-header and RARCR.

[00127] It should be noted that the subPDUs corresponding to the four informationunits in the protocol data unit are not limited to the situation in FIG. 3, which may be adjustedas needed.

[00128] In some embodiments, the four information units may be set in the preset subprotocol data units, so that after the user equipment receives the message transmitted by thebase station, the sub protocol data unit including the first information unit, the sub protocolunit including the second information unit, the sub protocol unit including the thirdinformation unit, and the sub protocol unit including the fourth information unit are queriedsequentially.

[00129] In this case, it is possible to make the user equipment preferentially query thefirst information unit and determine whether random access is successful based on the firstinformation unit. The second information unit may firstly be queried when the preambleidentity included in the first information unit is different from the preamble identitytransmitted by the user equipment, and it is determined whether to re-initiate random accessin the preset mode based on the second information unit. The third information unit is firstlyqueried when the preamble identity included in the second information unit is different fromthe preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment, and it is determined whether toperform the preset action based on the third information unit. When the preamble identityincluded in the third information unit is different from the preamble identity transmitted bythe user equipment, the fourth information unit is queried last.

[00130] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a random access method according to embodiments ofthe disclosure. The random access method in the embodiments of the disclosure is applicableto the base station. The base station communicates with the user equipment, for example, thebase station communicates with the user equipment based on 4G or 5G technologies. Theuser equipment may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, wearable devices and otherelectronic devices.

[00131] As illustrated in FIG. 4, the random access method includes the following.

[00132] In block S1', a preamble and an identity transmitted by user equipment arereceived.

[00133] In block S2', a result of initiating random access through the user equipment isdetermined based on the preamble and the identity.

[00134] In block S3', a message is transmitted to the user equipment based on theresult, in which the message includes at least one information unit, and different informationunits are configured to indicate different results of initiating random access through the userequipment.

[00135] According to embodiments of the disclosure, when the user equipmentintegrates the preamble and the identity into one message and transmits the message to thebase station to initiate random access, the base station generates different information units toindicate different results of initiating random access through the user equipment and transmitat least one information unit as a message to the user equipment, so that one or more userequipment may determine the result of initiating random access based on the receivedmessage, and perform the operation corresponding to the result. Therefore, the userequipment and the base station may each transmit one message to the other to complete therandom access process, which effectively reduces the duration of the random access process,and helps reduce the communication delay between the user equipment and the base station.

[00136] In some embodiments, the user equipment may integrate MSG1 and MSG3into message X and transmit message X to the base station. Message X includes the preamblefor random access and the identity of the user equipment. The base station may receive all ofmessage X, that is, MSG1 and MSG3 are received, or receive only part of message X, forexample, only MSG1 may be received, or may not receive message X. In these cases, theresults of random access determined by the base station may be different or partly the same.

[00137] For example, when the base station receives MSG1 and MSG3, the firstinformation unit may be transmitted to indicate that the user equipment has succeeded inrandom access. For example, if the base station only receives MSG1, the second informationunit may be transmitted to instruct the user equipment to re-initiate random access in thepreset mode, or the third information unit may be transmitted to instruct the user equipmentto perform the preset action. If the base station does not receive MSG1 or MSG3, the fourthinformation unit may be transmitted to indicate the user equipment's back-off duration.

[00138] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[00139] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[00140] In some embodiments, there may be multiple results of random access, and thebase station generates the corresponding information unit for each type of results of randomaccess. For example, for 4 types of results of random access, the base station generates thefirst information unit to indicate that the user equipment has succeeded in random access, thesecond information unit to indicate that the user equipment re-initiates random access in thepreset mode, the third information unit to indicate that the user equipment performs the presetaction, and the fourth information unit to indicate the backoff duration of the user equipment.

[00141] It should be noted that the message may include one or more information unitof the above 4 information units.

[00142] When the message includes one information unit of the above fourinformation units, the user equipment may determine the result of random access based onthe information unit. When the message includes multiple information units of the above 4information units, the user equipment queries the information units based on priorities, anddetermines the result of random access based on the information unit with the highest priority.When the information unit includes the identification information of the user equipment, theuser equipment may also determine the result of random access based on the information unitincluding the same identification information as its own identification information in themultiple information units.

[00143] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity and CRinformation.

[00144] In some embodiments, the first information unit may include the preambleidentity and CR information, and the user equipment may determine whether the preambleidentity in the first information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by itself.If the preamble identity in the first information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself, it is determined that the CR information is for itself, and it is furtherdetermined that the random access competition is successful, and the communicationconnection between the user equipment and the base station is established.

[00145] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[00146] In some embodiments, the second information unit may include the preambleidentity and the indication information. The user equipment may determine whether thepreamble identity in the second information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself. If the preamble identity in the second information unit is the same as thepreamble identity transmitted by itself, it is determined that the indication information is foritself, and random access is re-initiated in the preset mode, for example, random access isre-initiated based on the 4 actions of initiating random access in the related art.

[00147] The indication information may be a random access response, which mayinclude time adjustment information of uplink synchronization, and uplink resourceinformation.

[00148] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[00149] In some embodiments, the third information unit may only include thepreamble identity, and the user equipment may determine whether the preamble identity inthe third information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by itself. If thepreamble identity in the third information unit is the same as the preamble identitytransmitted by itself, there is no other content in the information unit except the preambleidentity, and the preset action may be performed, such as transmitting a request to the basestation to obtain a system message, or immediately retransmitting the preamble and theidentity to the base station to re-initiate random access

[00150] The preset action includes but is not limited to the above two cases, and maybe set as required.

[00151] Optionally, the fourth information unit only includes a backoff indicatorassociated with the backoff duration.

[00152] In some embodiments, the fourth information unit may only include thebackoff indicator, and the user equipment may re-transmit the preamble and the identity tothe base station based on the backoff indicator to re-initiate the random access. The backoffindicator may be a value associated with the back-off duration, and the user equipment maydetermine the back-off duration based on the backoff indicator, and the back-off duration isdelayed before retransmitting the preamble and identity to the base station.

[00153] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are sub protocol data units of a MAC layer.

[00154] Corresponding to the above embodiments of the random access method, thedisclosure also provides embodiments of a random access apparatus.

[00155] FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a random access apparatus according toembodiments of the disclosure. The random access apparatus described in the embodimentsof the disclosure is applicable to user equipment. The user equipment may communicate witha base station, for example may communicate with the base station based on 4G or 5Gtechnologies. The user equipment may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wearabledevice and other electronic devices.

[00156] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the random access apparatus includes: a randomaccess initiating module 1, a message receiving module 2 and an operation executing module3.

[00157] The random access initiating module 1 is configured to initiate random accessby transmitting a preamble and an identity to a base station.

[00158] The message receiving module 2 is configured to receive a message fed backby the base station for the preamble and the identity. The message includes at least oneinformation unit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results ofinitiating random access through the user equipment.

[00159] The operation executing module 3 is configured to perform an operationcorresponding to a result of initiating random access indicated by the information unit in themessage.

[00160] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[00161] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[00162] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity and CRinformation.

[00163] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[00164] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[00165] Optionally, the fourth information unit includes a backoff indicator only, andthe backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

[00166] FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an operation executing module accordingto embodiments of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the operation executing module 3includes: a querying sub-module 31, a connection establishing sub-module 32, a re-initiatingsub-module 33, an action executing sub-module 34 and a backoff submodule 35.

[00167] The querying sub-module 31 is configured to query the first information unitin the message; to query the second information unit in the message, in response that apreamble identity included in the first information unit is different from a preamble identitytransmitted by the user equipment; to query the third information unit in the message, inresponse that a preamble identity included in the second information unit is different from thepreamble identity transmitted by the user equipment; and to query the fourth information unitin the message, in response that a preamble identity included in the third information unit isdifferent from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00168] The connection establishing sub-module 32 is configured to establish acommunication connection with the base station, in response that the preamble identityincluded in the first information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by theuser equipment.

[00169] The re-initiating sub-module 33 is configured to re-initiate random access in apreset mode, in response that the preamble identity included in the second information unit isthe same as the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00170] The step executing sub-module 34 is configured to perform a preset action, inresponse that the preamble identity included in the third information unit is the same as thepreamble identity transmitted by the user equipment.

[00171] The backoff submodule 35 is configured to re-transmit the preamble and theidentity to the base station based on backoff indicator in the fourth information unit.

[00172] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are sub protocol data units of a MAC layer.

[00173] FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a random access apparatus according toembodiments of the disclosure. The random access apparatus in the embodiments of thedisclosure may be applicable to a base station. The base station may communicate with userequipment, for example, the base station may communicate with the user equipment based on4G and 5G technologies. The user equipment may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer,wearable devices and other electronic devices.

[00174] As illustrated in FIG. 7, the random access apparatus includes: a receivingmodule 1', a result determining module 2' and a message transmitting module 3'.

[00175] The receiving module 1' is configured to receive a preamble and an identitytransmitted by user equipment.

[00176] The result determining module 2' is configured to determine a result ofinitiating random access through the user equipment based on the preamble and the identity.

[00177] The message transmitting module 3' is configured to transmit a message to theuser equipment based on the result. The message includes at least one information unit, anddifferent information units are configured to indicate different results of initiating randomaccess through the user equipment.

[00178] Optionally, the message includes a first information unit, and / or a secondinformation unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit.

[00179] The first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipmenthas succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicatewhether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third informationunit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and thefourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

[00180] Optionally, the first information unit includes a preamble identity and CRinformation.

[00181] Optionally, the second information unit includes a preamble identity andindication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the presetmode.

[00182] Optionally, the third information unit includes a preamble identity only.

[00183] Optionally, the fourth information unit only includes a backoff indicator, andthe backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

[00184] Optionally, the first information unit, the second information unit, the thirdinformation unit, and the fourth information unit are sub protocol data units of a MAC layer.

[00185] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner inwhich each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiments ofthe related method, which will not be repeated herein.

[00186] With respect to the apparatus embodiments, since they basically correspond tothe method embodiments, relevant parts of the apparatus embodiments may refer to parts ofthe description of the method embodiments. The apparatus embodiments described above aremerely illustrative. The units described above as separate components may or may not bephysically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units,that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or allof the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of thesolutions of the disclosure. Those of ordinary skill in the art may understand and implement itwithout creative work.

[00187] The embodiments of the disclosure provide an electronic device.

[00188] The electronic device includes a processor.

[00189] The electronic device further includes a memory for storing instructionsexecutable by the processor.

[00190] The processor is configured to perform the method described in any of theabove embodiments.

[00191] The embodiments of the disclosure also provide a computer-readable storagemedium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by aprocessor, the actions in the method described in any of the above embodiments areperformed.

[00192] As illustrated in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a random accessdevice 800 according to embodiments of the disclosure. The device 800 may be provided as abase station. With reference to FIG. 8, the device 800 includes a processing component 822, awireless transmitting / receiving component 824, an antenna component 826, and a signalprocessing portion specific to a wireless interface. The processing component 822 mayfurther include one or more processors. One of the processors in the processing component822 may be configured to perform the method in the embodiments in FIG. 4.

[00193] FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a random access device 900 according toembodiments of the disclosure. For example, the device 900 may be a mobile phone, acomputer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a messaging device, a gaming console, a tablet, amedical device, exercise equipment, a personal digital assistant, and the like.

[00194] As illustrated in FIG. 9, the device 900 may include one or more of thefollowing components: a processing component 902, a memory 904, a power component 906,a multimedia component 908, an audio component 910, an input / output (I / O) interface 912, asensor component 914, and a communication component 916.

[00195] The processing component 902 typically controls overall operations of thedevice 900, such as the operations associated with display, telephone calls, datacommunications, camera operations, and recording operations. The processing component902 may include one or more processors 920 to execute instructions to perform all or part ofthe actions in the above described method illustrated in FIG. 1. Moreover, the processingcomponent 902 may include one or more modules which facilitate the interaction between theprocessing component 902 and other components. For instance, the processing component902 may include a multimedia module to facilitate the interaction between the multimediacomponent 908 and the processing component 902.28

[00196] The memory 904 is configured to store various types of data to support theoperation of the device 900. Examples of such data include instructions for any applicationsor methods operated on the device 900, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures,video, etc. The memory 904 may be implemented using any type of volatile or non-volatilememory devices, or a combination thereof, such as a static random access memory (SRAM),an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an erasableprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), aread-only memory (ROM), a magnetic memory, a flash memory, a magnetic or optical disk.

[00197] The power component 906 provides power to various components of thedevice 900. The power component 906 may include a power management system, one ormore power sources, and any other components associated with the generation, management,and distribution of power in the device 900.

[00198] The multimedia component 908 includes a screen providing an outputinterface between the device 900 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may includea liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes the touch panel,the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from the user. Thetouch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on thetouch panel. The touch sensors may not only sense a boundary of a touch or swipe action, butalso sense a period of time and a pressure associated with the touch or swipe action. In someembodiments, the multimedia component 908 includes a front-facing camera and / or arear-facing camera. When the device 900 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode ora video mode, the front-facing camera and / or the rear-facing camera can receive externalmultimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera may be a fixed optical lenssystem or has focal length and optical zoom capability.

[00199] The audio component 910 is configured to output and / or input audio signals.For example, the audio component 910 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receivean external audio signal when the device 900 is in an operation mode, such as a call mode, arecording mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio signal may be furtherstored in the memory 904 or transmitted via the communication component 916. In someembodiments, the audio component 910 further includes a speaker to output audio signals.

[00200] The I / O interface 912 provides an interface between the processing component902 and peripheral interface modules, such as a keyboard, a click wheel, buttons, and the like.The buttons may include, but are not limited to, a home button, a volume button, a startingbutton, and a locking button.

[00201] The sensor component 914 includes one or more sensors to provide statusassessments of various aspects of the device 900. For instance, the sensor component 914may detect an open / closed status of the device 900, relative positioning of components, e.g.,the display and the keypad, of the device 900, a change in position of the device 900 or acomponent of the device 900, a presence or absence of user contact with the device 900, anorientation or an acceleration / deceleration of the device 900, and a change in temperature ofthe device 900. The sensor component 914 may include a proximity sensor configured todetect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. The sensor component914 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use inimaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor component 914 may also include anaccelerometer sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or atemperature sensor.

[00202] The communication component 916 is configured to facilitate communication,wired or wirelessly, between the device 900 and other devices. The device 900 can access awireless network based on a communication standard, such as Wi-Fi, 2G (2nd-GenerationMobile Communication Technology), or 3G (3rd-Generation Mobile CommunicationTechnology), 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution), 5G NR (New Radio) or a combination thereof.In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 916 receives a broadcast signalor broadcast associated information from an external broadcast management system via abroadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 916 furtherincludes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communications.For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on a radio frequency identity(RFID) technology, an infrared data association (IrDA) technology, an ultra-wideband (UWB)technology, a Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[00203] In exemplary embodiments, the device 900 may be implemented with one ormore application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digitalsignal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmablegate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, or other electroniccomponents, for performing the above described method illustrated in FIG. 1.

[00204] In exemplary embodiments, there is also provided a non-transitory computerreadable storage medium including instructions, such as included in the memory 904,executable by the processor 920 in the device 900, for performing the above method. Forexample, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, a RAM, aCD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disc, an optical data storage device, and the like.

[00205] Those skilled in the art easily think of other embodiments of the disclosureafter considering the description and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. Thisdisclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptive changes that follow thegeneral principles of this disclosure and include common general knowledge or customarytechnical means in the technical field not disclosed in this disclosure. The description andexamples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosureare disclosed by the claims.

[00206] It should be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the precisestructure that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modificationsand changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of thedisclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[00207] It should be noted that the relational terms herein, such as "first" and "second",are used only for differentiating one entity or operation, from another entity or operation,which, however do not necessarily require or imply that there should be any real relationshipor sequence. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variations thereof aremeant to cover non-exclusive including, so that the process, method, article or devicecomprising a series of elements do not only comprise those elements, but also comprise otherelements that are not explicitly listed or also comprise the inherent elements of the process,method, article or device. In the case that there are no more restrictions, an element qualifiedby the statement "comprises a …" does not exclude the presence of additional identicalelements in the process, method, article or device that comprises the said element.

[00208] The method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the disclosure aredescribed in detail. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles andimplementations of the disclosure. The description of the above embodiments is only used tohelp understand the method and its core idea of the disclosure. Meanwhile, for those skilledin the art, according to the idea of the disclosure, there will be changes in the specificimplementation and the scope of the disclosure. In conclusion, the content of the disclosureshould not be construed as reference limitation of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A random access method, for user equipment, comprising: initiating random access by transmitting a preamble and an identity to a base station; receiving a message fed back by the base station for the preamble and the identity, wherein the message comprises at least one information unit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results of initiating random access through the user equipment; and performing an operation corresponding to a result of initiating random access indicated by the information unit in the message.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the message comprises a first information unit, and / or a second information unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit; and the first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment has succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and the fourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first information unit comprises a preamble identity and contention resolution information.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second information unit comprises a preamble identity and indication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the preset mode.

5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the third information unit comprises a preamble identity only.

6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fourth information unit comprises a backoff indicator only, and the backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

7. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein performing the operation corresponding to the result of initiating random access indicated by the information unit in the message comprises: querying the first information unit in the message; establishing a communication connection with the base station, in response that a preamble identity comprised in the first information unit is the same as a preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment; querying the second information unit in the message, in response that the preamble identity comprised in the first information unit is different from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment; re-initiating random access in a preset mode, in response that a preamble identity comprised in the second information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment; querying the third information unit in the message, in response that the preamble identity comprised in the second information unit is different from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment; performing a preset action, in response that a preamble identity comprised in the third information unit is the same as the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment; querying the fourth information unit in the message, in response that the preamble identity comprised in the third information unit is different from the preamble identity transmitted by the user equipment; and re-transmitting the preamble and the identity to the base station based on backoff indicator in the fourth information unit.

8. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first information unit, the second information unit, the third information unit, and the fourth information unit are subPDUs (sub protocol data units) of a MAC (Media Access Control) layer.

9. A random access method, for a base station, comprising: receiving a preamble and an identity from user equipment; determining a result of initiating random access through the user equipment based on the preamble and the identity; and transmitting a message to the user equipment based on the result, wherein the message comprises at least one information unit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results of initiating random access through the user equipment.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the message comprises a first information unit, and / or a second information unit, and / or a third information unit, and / or a fourth information unit; and the first information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment has succeeded in random access, the second information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment re-initiates random access in a preset mode, the third information unit is configured to indicate whether the user equipment performs a preset action, and the fourth information unit is configured to indicate a backoff duration of the user equipment.

11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the first information unit comprises a preamble identity and contention resolution information.

12. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the second information unit comprises a preamble identity and indication information, and the indication information is configured to indicate the preset mode.

13. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the third information unit comprises a preamble identity only.

14. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the fourth information unit comprises a backoff indicator only, and the backoff indicator is associated with the backoff duration.

15. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the first information unit, the second information unit, the third information unit, and the fourth information unit are subPDUs (sub protocol data units) of a MAC (Media Access Control) layer.

16. A random access apparatus, for user equipment, comprising: a random access initiating module, configured to initiate random access by transmitting a preamble and an identity to a base station; a message receiving module, configured to receive a message fed back by the base station for the preamble and the identity, wherein the message comprises at least one information unit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results of initiating random access through the user equipment; and an operation executing module, configured to perform an operation corresponding to a result of initiating random access indicated by the information unit in the message.

17. A random access apparatus, for a base station, comprising: a receiving module, configured to receive a preamble and an identity from user equipment; a result determining module, configured to determine a result of initiating random access through the user equipment based on the preamble and the identity; and a message transmitting module, configured to transmit a message to the user equipment based on the result, wherein the message comprises at least one information unit, and different information units are configured to indicate different results of initiating random access through the user equipment.