Herbal compositions with Anti-bacterial or Anti-endoparasitic properties

Abstract

The present invention in a preferred embodiment provides for herbal compositions with anti- bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties. The present invention also provides for the methods of preparation and various forms of administration of the said compositions. The said compositions comprise of at least a part of Vernonia cinerea.

Description

HERBAL COMPOSITIONS WITH ANTI-BACTERIAL OR ANTI-ENDOPARASITIC PROPERTIESBACKGROUND:Bacteria are a domain of single-celled, prokaryote microorganisms. Typically a fewmicrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rodsand spirals. Certain species of bacteria are pathogenic or may cause harm to the health of asubject, leading to various kinds of diseases including cholera, anthrax, leprosy etc.An endoparasite may be any parasite that lives in and derives nutrition from its host.Endoparasites, Helminths, and Protozoa are living organisms that may enter a host by beingingested through direct transmission as cysts (larval stage of parasite), or via an intermediatecarrier (fleas, cockroaches, grain beetles, etc.) or by indirect methods through skinpenetration by blood parasites. Endoparasites derive their nutrition by feeding off the host'sblood and in the process cause damage to the host body and lead to diseases or discomfort.There are commercially available chemicals or compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties, however, they have high chemical toxicity which often adverselyaffects a subject's overall health, and mostly involve high cost and effort in manufacturing.Considering the significance of disorders caused by bacteria and endoparasites, there is acontinuous requirement for medicines or compositions for their treatment or prevention,which would be economical, easily available and may have lower side effects and lowertoxicities affecting a subject's body, which can be addressed by herbal compositions of thepresent invention.OBJECT OF THE INVENTION:The object of the invention is to provide novel herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties, which may be cost effective and easily available, and which haveless or no side effects to the health of a subject.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:The present invention in a preferred embodiment provides herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties, comprising of at least a part of Vernonia cinerea, to which parts of one or more additional complimentary herb may be optionally added, whereinthe additional complimentary herb is also a herb with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasiticproperties and is selected from but not limited to Flacourtia indica, Areca catechu,Artocarpus lokoocha, Echinaceae angustifoliae radix, Plantago major, Plantago, Hypericum,Echinacea, Baptisia, Calendula, Phytolacca, Salvia, Catechu black, Echinacea purpurea,Krameria, Rosmarinus, Glycerrhiza, Krameria, Matricaria, Propolis and Sage, or anycombination thereof. The invention also provides for methods of preparation of the herbalcompositions.DETAIL DESCRITION OF THE INVENTION:The present invention in a preferred embodiment provides herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties, comprising of at least a part of Vernonia cinerea, towhich parts of one or more additional complimentary herb may be optionally added, whereinthe additional complimentary herb is also a herb with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasiticproperties, and is selected from but not limited to Flacourtia indica, Areca catechu,Artocarpus lokoocha, Echinaceae angustifoliae radix, Plantago major, Plantago, Hypericum,Echinacea, Baptisia, Calendula, Phytolacca, Salvia, Catechu black, Echinacea purpurea,Krameria, Rosmarinus, Glycerrhiza, Krameria, Matricaria, Propolis and Sage, or anycombination thereof.Parts of Vernonia cinerea for the purpose of this invention includes the whole Vernoniacinerea, extract of Vernonia cinerea, pulverized form of Vernonia cinerea, crushed form ofVernonia cinerea, pieces cut or severed from Vernonia cinerea, chemical constituents ofVernonia cinerea along with their derivatives, or any combination thereof.In an embodiment of the invention, the parts of Vernonia cinerea are severed by differentmethods such as but not limited to cutting, slicing, pounding, grinding, mashing or mincing.The term 'herbal composition' for the purpose of this invention means a substance or mixturecomprising of at least one natural component having medicinal property, wherein the naturalcomponent shall include a component extracted or derived from a natural source such as aherb or a shrub or a tree or a plant or parts thereof. The term 'subject' for the purpose of the invention means one or more of a human or anyother animal or a plant which has acquired or may acquire a disease or irregularity of health.The herbs used for the compositions in accordance with the present invention, shall includeother herbs of their respective species or family or genus which display similar medicinalproperties.In an embodiment of the invention, a solvent may be used for preparing the herbalcompositions of the present invention, and the solvent used may be any suitable solvent suchas but not limited to one or more of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, hexane,heptane, petroleum ether, cyclohexane, diethyl ether, dusopropyl ether, ethyl acetate, methylacetate, ethyl formate, methyl formate, isobutyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methylene chloride,ethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, diisobutylketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 1,4- dioxane, toluene, ammonia solution, glacial acetic acid,ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, potassiumhydroxide, potassium carbonate, water and other solvents known by those of skilled in theart.In an embodiment of the invention, a suitable excipient is added to the herbal compositions toprepare a consumable formulation for effective therapeutic delivery.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions of the present invention may beformulated for oral administration by compounding the active ingredients with the usual non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients for tablets, pellets, granules, capsules, solutions,emulsions, suspensions, and any other form suitable for use. Formulations in accordance withthe present invention may include one or more of talc, water, glucose, lactose, gum acacia,gelatin, mannitol, starch paste, magnesium trisilicate, corn starch, keratin, colloidal silica,potato starch, urea, and other excipients suitable for use in manufacturing preparations, insolid, semisolid or liquid form, or any combination thereof. Additionally, auxiliary,stabilizing, thickening, flavoring, fragrance and coloring agents may be used.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions can be administered in a solidform such as but not limited to tablets, capsules, pills, pellets, granules, boluses or powder.For preparing the solid form, the herbal compositions may be mixed with a pharmaceutical excipient such as but not limited to corn starch, lactose, sucrose, sorbitol, talc, stearic acid,magnesium stearate, dicalcium phosphate or gums, along with other pharmaceutical diluents.The solid compositions may be further subdivided into unit dosage forms containing aneffective amount of compositions of the present invention.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions can be administered in a liquidform such as but not limited to aqueous solution, suitably flavored syrups, aqueoussuspensions, oil suspensions, tinctures, tisanes, macerates and flavored emulsions with edibleoils as well as elixirs or similar pharmaceutical carriers. The liquid form may include suitabledispersing or suspending agents for aqueous suspensions such as but not limited totragacanth, acacia, alginate, dextran, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose,polyvinylpyrrolidone or gelatin. Liquid preparations for oral administration may take theform of, for example, solutions, syrups or suspensions, or they may be presented as a dryproduct for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicles before use.In an embodiment of the invention, a process for preparing herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties, comprise the steps of,a) washing a part of Vernonia cinerea;b) sieving the part of Vernonia cinerea; andc) preparing pharmaceutically acceptable formulation thereof.In an embodiment of the invention, a process for preparing herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties comprise the steps of,a) washing a part of Vernonia cinerea and a part of an additional herb;b) sieving the part of Vernonia cinerea and the part of the additional herb;c) mixing a part of Vernonia cinerea and the part of the additional herb; andd) preparing pharmaceutically acceptable formulation thereof.In an embodiment of the invention, a process for preparing herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties comprise the steps of,a) washing a part of leaves of Vernonia cinerea and a part of leaves of Flacourtiaindica;b) sieving a part of leaves of Vernonia cinerea and a part of leaves of Flacourtiaindica; c) mixing 40 to 60% of leaves of Vernonia cinerea and a 50 to 60% of leaves ofFlacourtia indica;d) heating the above mixture in a vessel containing a solvent, ande) preparing pharmaceutically acceptable formulation thereof.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions may be delivered as a semi-solidform or gelatinous solid, such as but not limited to paste, jelly, gel or chutney.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions may be delivered as a gaseousform or in form of aerosols which includes but not limited to spray, fumes, inhalers or mist.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions may also be formulated forparenteral administration by injection, which includes but is not limited to, usingconventional catheterization techniques or infusion.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions may also be formulated fortopical administration, in the form of solution, cream, gel, ointment, powder, paste, gum orlozenge, using techniques known to those skilled in the formulation field. As used herein,topical administration includes delivery of the compositions to mucosal tissue of the mouth,nose and throat by, for example, spray or mist application.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions as an active ingredient may beused alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents.In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions of the present invention may bein the form of a decoction or may be prepared using a decoction process.In an embodiment of the invention, the parts of Vernonia cinerea can be given chemicaltreatment or made to react with other chemical reagents to form mixtures or herbalcompositions which have anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties.In an embodiment of the invention, the desirable dose of the compositions may varydepending on the condition and the weight of the subject, severity, drug form, route andperiod of administration. In an embodiment of the invention, the herbal compositions of the invention are used forpreventing or treating Gastrointestinal(GI) Disorders such as but not limitedto, gastrointestinal dysfunction, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, GI bleeding, gastric and peptic ulcer,anorectal disorders, malabsorption syndromes, diverticular disease, tumors of GI tract,bezoars, dysentery, cholera, flatulence, or any combination thereof.In an embodiment of the invention, herbal compositions comprising Vernonia cinerea eitheras the only herb or in combination of other herbs can be used for prevention or treatment ofendoparasites existing in the GI tract.In an embodiment of the invention, herbal compositions comprising Vernonia cinerea incombination of other herbs, but not as the only herb, can be used for prevention or treatmentof diarrhea.It is observed that when more than one herbs are used in the herbal compositions of thepresent invention, there is enhanced efficacy and the combination of herbs lead to synergisticeffect.The aim of this specification is to describe the invention without limiting the invention to anyone embodiment or specific collection of features. A person skilled in the relevant art mayrealize the variations from the specific embodiments that will nonetheless fall within thescope of the invention, and such variations are deemed to be within the scope of the currentinvention.It may be appreciated that various other modifications and changes may be made to theembodiment described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.Example 1:10 gm leaves of Vernonia cinerea mixed and 15 gm of leaves of Flacourtia indica aregrinded together to make a paste. This paste was given to the subject suffering fromendoparasitic infestation to eat after which the intensity of infestation reduced considerablyand the subject was in better medical condition.

Claims

I CLAIM:1) Herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasitic properties, the herbalcompositions comprising at least a part of Vernonia cinerea.2) Herbal compositions as claimed in claim 1, wherein said herbal compositions isselected from a group comprising whole Vernonia cinerea, extracts of Vernoniacinerea, crushed Vernonia cinerea, pulverized Vernonia cinerea, severed Vernoniacinerea, chemical constituents of Vernonia cinerea, and any combination thereof.3) Herbal compositions as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said herbalcompositions further comprise additional herbs.4) Herbal compositions as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said herbalcompositions further comprise additional herbs selected from Flacourtia indica,Areca catechu, Artocarpus lokoocha, Echinaceae angustifoliae radix, Plantagomajor, Plantago, Hypericum, Echinacea, Baptisia, Calendula, Phytolacca, Salvia,Catechu black, Echinacea purpurea, Krameria, Rosmarinus, Glycerrhiza, Krameria,Matricaria, Propolis and Sage, and any combination thereof5) Herbal compositions as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the herbalcompositions of the invention further comprises one or more of solvents, excipients,auxiliary agents, stabilizing agents, thickening agents, flavoring agents, fragrance,preservatives, fillers, coloring agents, and any combination thereof.6) Herbal compositions as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the herbalcompositions of the invention treats or prevents Gastrointestinal(GI) Disordersselected from gastrointestinal dysfunction, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, GI bleeding,gastric and peptic ulcer, anorectal disorders, malabsorption syndromes, diverticulardisease, tumors of GI tract, bezoars, dysentery, cholera, flatulence, and any7) Herbal compositions as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the herbalcompositions is in forms selected from a group comprising of injectable forms; solidtablets, pellets, granules, capsules, forms; oral usage form; topical application form;semi-solid form; gaseous form; and any combination thereof.8) A process for preparing herbal compositions with anti-bacterial or anti-endoparasiticproperties, comprise the steps of,a) washing a part of Vernonia cinerea;b) sieving the part of Vernonia cinerea; andc) preparing pharmaceutically acceptable formulation thereof.9) A process for preparing herbal compositions as claimed in any of the precedingclaims, comprise the steps of,a) washing a part of Vernonia cinerea and a part of an additional herb;b) sieving the part of Vernonia cinerea and the part of the additional herb;c) mixing the part of Vernonia cinerea and the part of the additional herb; andd) preparing pharmaceutically acceptable formulation thereof.10) A process for preparing herbal compositions as claimed in any of the precedinga) washing a part of leaves of Vernonia cinerea and a part of leaves ofFlacourtia indica;b) sieving the part of leaves of Vernonia cinerea and the part of leaves ofc) mixing 40 to 60% of leaves of Vernonia cinerea and 50 to 60% of leaves ofd) heating the above mixture in a vessel containing a solvent, ande) preparing pharmaceutically acceptable formulation thereof.