Manufacturing a hybrid solar cell from semiconductors CdS and NiPcTs organic nano-semiconductors

Abstract

In this study, organic semiconductor films (nickel phthalocyanin tetrasulfonic acid tetrasulfonic acid sodium tetrasalt) were prepared and deposited. At a temperature of (200±50 nm) and with a thickness of (NiPcTs) Inorganic semiconductor films °C 70 Prepared by two methods from CdS cadmium sulfide Thiourea CdCl2 cadmium chloride solution (Cd(COOH)3 and cadmium acetate solution At a temperature of (150 nm) and thiourea and with a thickness Using the twist coating technique at (200°C) To study the properties (FTO) of glass bases and Structural, optical, and electrical components were also developed. Additionally, six hybrid solar cell prototypes were fabricated using the deposition of an organic-inorganic heterojunction mixture. Using the FTO method on (BHJ) NiPcTs / CdS rules Torsion coating using the layering technique (Layer by Layer) as in the hybrid junction The separator was manufactured (FTO / PEDOT:PSS / BHJ / Al) Hybrid layer technology (FTO / CdS / NiPcTs / Al) Also, the use of the (Sandwich) laminar technology In the deposition of the by-layer (bi-layers) And with your (FTO / CdS / NiPcTs / FTO) hybrid Results of electron microscopy technique (200±50nm) It has been shown that all scanning membranes (SEM) The prepared product is well homogeneous and has a nanostructure. (NiPcTs:CdS) Heterogeneous junction mixture membrane structure These are homogeneous nanotubes, the results of which include electrical measurements such as electrical conductivity measurement. (303-423)K continuous within the thermal range NiPcTs and measuring the effect of continuous conductivity of membranes Thin and heterogeneous CdS membrane The electrical resistance (CdS / NiPcTs) was observed. For all membranes, the energy decreases with increasing temperature, with two activation energies, meaning there are two mechanisms for electrical conduction, one at higher temperatures. The other is at low temperatures (30-90°C). The results of measuring the high impact of (90-150°C) also showed Positive conductivity (NiPcTs) gives Hall effect to membranes The remaining prepared membranes were (p-type) When performing measurements, negative (n-type) conductivity The optical properties of CdS and NiPcTs show that the films The thin membrane and the heterogeneous separating mixture High absorbance in the (CdS:NiPcTs) wavelength range The wavelength was (400-700nm) for the visible region. The absorption coefficient is greater than (a ≥ 10⁴)cm⁻¹ All the membranes possessed a direct energy gap ranging from (3.5 – 3) electron volts. Meanwhile, the gap showed (NiPcTs) Optical energy of organic membrane The presence of two fundamental peaks at the optical absorption edge. The illumination-current-voltage characteristics of the prepared hybrid junctions showed that the best junction To manufacture a solar cell, Al Mafraq Prepared using (FTO / PEDOT:PSS / BHJ / Al) technology The efficiency reached (Layer by Layer) layers The conversion rate is 13.2% and 10% for the junction that A product of (CdS) containing a cadmium sulfide membrane The solutions used were cadmium chloride and cadmium acetate, respectively. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the solar cell reached... The (FTO / CdS / NiPcTs / Al) hybrid separator (9.5%), (8.67%) (Layer by Layer) technology (CdS) The difference that contains a cadmium sulfide membrane Produced from solutions of cadmium chloride and cadmium acetate respectively, the hybrid junction solar cell (FTO / CdS / NiPcTs / FTO) Its efficiency is (1.5%) and (0.16%) for the separator. Produced from (CdS) containing a cadmium sulfide membrane Cadmium chloride and cadmium acetate solutions respectively