Chopper set

Abstract

This invention provides a chopper assembly, including a grass discharge channel, a grass inlet and a grass discharge opening, which are located at both ends of the grass discharge channel, and a movable blade roller is provided inside the grass discharge channel. A plurality of movable blades are spirally distributed and movably mounted on the movable blade roller, and each of the movable blades is parallel to the cross-sectional surface of the movable blade roller, and a fixed blade holder is provided in the grass discharge channel on one side of the movable blade roller near the grass inlet. A large number of fixed blades are arranged on the fixed blade holder in the same direction and at uniform intervals. When the movable blade roller is driven to rotate to any position, it can be ensured that all the movable blades can pass through the gaps between the two sides of the fixed blades, that is, the cutting state between the movable blades and the fixed blades can always be maintained. Under the normal rotation speed of the movable blade roller, the cutting efficiency is still improved. The power output cost caused by the increase in the rotation speed is reduced. A scattering and spreading structure is located at the grass discharge opening and is suitable for uniform scattering and spreading of chopped rice straw. Chopped rice straw is evenly spread on the farmland by the scattering and spreading structure, thus preventing the accumulation of rice straw on the farmland, reducing labor and increasing efficiency.

Description

Chopper set Technical background This invention relates to the technical field of shredding devices, in particular to chopper assemblies. Background Crushing, throwing and returning the rice straw harvested by the combine to the field is an important measure that can not only prevent straw burning and air pollution, but also can be used as an organic fertilizer for land fertilization and meet environmental protection requirements. To achieve this goal, existing combines are equipped with crushing devices. If the length of straw left by the combine harvester after harvesting the crops is too long, farmers usually use the method of burning straw to clean the fields. When the straw burns, a large amount of smoke and dust is produced, which seriously pollutes the air, and the carbon dioxide released from the combustion increases the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere and aggravates the greenhouse effect, which is contrary to the environmental requirements of reducing carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. In order to avoid the above situation, the existing combine harvester adopts a method of harvesting low-stubble crops, which reduces the height of the straw remaining on the farmland and makes it impossible to burn it. At the same time, the straw cut by the combine harvester has a length and must be completely crushed by the combine harvester and spread on the farmland. When the tractor rolls on the ground, the straw and broken grass remaining on the farmland are turned into soil as fertilizer, so as to fundamentally prevent the straw from burning. The grass cutter of the existing combine harvester adopts blade combinations, each of which includes four blades to pass through a cross arrangement along the radial direction of a movable blade roller. The blade combinations are arranged in six rows at intervals in the axial direction of the movable blade roller. Each blade combination has four blades, with a total of 24 blades. The grass breaking performance is improved by increasing the rotation speed of the main shaft of the mower.Although this method achieves the effect of breaking the grass, a large part of the combine's power is consumed, and after increasing the rotation speed, the need for dynamic balance of the grass cutter also increases, which directly increases the cost of producing the grass cutter. Summary Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the disadvantage of low dispersion and spreading efficiency of shredding devices in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides a chopper assembly that includes the following: A grass discharge channel, a grass inlet and a grass discharge opening located at both ends of the grass discharge channel. A movable blade roller located in the grass discharge channel. A large number of movable blades distributed in a spiral and mounted on a movable blade roller, in which each of the movable blades is parallel to the cross-sectional surface of the movable blade roller. A fixed blade holder is placed in the grass discharge channel on one side of the movable blade roller, close to the grass inlet. A large number of fixed blades are arranged on the fixed blade holder in one direction and at uniform intervals, in which, when the movable blade roller is driven to rotate, the roller rotates the movable blades to pass through the gaps between the fixed blades and A dispersing and spreading structure is located at the grass discharge opening and is suitable for dispersing and spreading the chopped rice straw evenly. The orthographic projection of all moving blades on the plane in which the cross-section of the moving blade roller lies encloses a closed loop. The chopper set includes the following: A plurality of movable blade holders welded and fixed to the movable blade roller, wherein the movable blades are fixedly mounted in the movable blade holders in one-to-one communication. Each of the movable blade holders has a roughly C-shaped structure, and each movable blade is screwed and fixed into a roughly C-shaped mounting hole in the corresponding movable blade holder. In a square structure extending along the side surface of the cylindrical movable blade roller, a plurality of movable blade holders are arranged in rows in the longitudinal direction, and movable blade holders are arranged in several rows in the transverse direction. The movable blade holders of adjacent rows are arranged diagonally in the same direction, in the transverse direction. The movable blade holders are located in adjacent rows at one-to-one intervals in the longitudinal direction. The chopper set also has anti-coil rings, where each anti-coil ring includes: At least two annular plates, each annular plate having a circular arc structure and all annular plates being connected end to end to form a circular annular isolated region, and At least two fastening rings, wherein the two plates are fixed to one of the two connected ring plates, and a gap is formed between the at least two fastening rings and the ring plate, and the other ring plate is arranged to be positioned and fixed in the gap. The dispersion and diffusion structure includes: A grass spreader plate fixed to the upper edge of the grass discharge opening wherein the surface of the grass spreading plate is arranged to gradually increase from the grass discharge opening towards an end remote from the grass discharge opening, and A plurality of first grass guide plates are disposed on the lower surface of the grass spreading plate at a distance in a direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharge opening, wherein the first grass guide plates are disposed perpendicular to the grass spreading plate and form an angle between the first grass guide plate and the centerline of the grass spreading plate. The first grass guide plates are located at one end near the grass discharge opening, and the dispersion and spreading structure also includes: A plurality of secondary grass guide plates are spaced apart on the lower surface of the grass spreading plate in a direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharge opening and at one end thereof is located away from the grass discharge opening, wherein the secondary grass guide plates are perpendicular to the grass spreading plate and are positioned to form an angle between each secondary grass guide plate and the centerline of the grass spreading plate, and The number of secondary grass guide plates is greater than the number of primary grass guide plates. The technical solutions of this invention have the following advantages: The chopper assembly provided by this invention includes a grass discharge channel and a grass inlet and a grass discharge opening at both ends of the grass discharge channel, and a movable blade roller is located inside the grass discharge channel. A plurality of movable blades are distributed in a spiral manner and are movably mounted on the movable blade roller, and each of the movable blades is parallel to the cross-sectional surface of the movable blade roller, and a fixed blade holder is placed in the grass discharge channel on one side of the movable blade roller, close to the grass inlet. A plurality of fixed blades are arranged on the fixed blade holder in one direction and at uniform intervals. When the movable blade roller is driven to rotate to any position, it can be ensured that all the movable blades can pass through the gaps between the fixed blades, that is, the cutting state between the movable blades and the fixed blades can be maintained at all times. Under the normal rotation speed of the moving blade roller, the cutting efficiency continues to improve, and the power output cost caused by the increase in rotation speed is reduced.The scattering and spreading structure is placed at the grass discharge opening and is suitable for evenly scattering and spreading the chopped rice straw. The chopped rice straw is evenly spread on the farmland by the scattering and spreading structure, thereby preventing the accumulation of rice straw on the farmland, reducing labor and increasing efficiency. Brief description of the shapes In order to more clearly describe the detailed description of this invention or technical solution in the prior art, the figures required for use in the detailed description or prior art are briefly introduced below. It is obvious that these figures are part of the embodiments of this invention and other figures can be obtained by considering these figures without creative work for persons of ordinary skill in the art. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chopper in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed blade holder in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable blade roller in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the distribution of movable blade holders after a movable blade roller is opened along its side surface in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of movable blade holders in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the movable blade assembly in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-coil loop in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of a dispersion and diffusion structure in embodiments of the present invention; and Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a grass spreading plate in embodiments of the present invention. Description of reference marks: 1r, movable blade roller; 2r, movable blade; 3r, fixed blade holder; 4r, fixed blade; 5r, movable blade holder; 10r, left wall; 11r, right wall; K, anti-winding ring. 1k, ring plate; 11k, bottom plate; 12k, side plate; 2k, clamping ring; 3k, slot; 4k, obstacle removal groove; and 5k, assembly hole. 1p, grass spreading plate; 11p, additional section; 2p, first grass guiding plate; 3p, second grass guiding plate; and 10p, grass discharge opening. Description with details A clear and complete explanation of the technical solution of this invention will be provided together with the figures, and it is clear that the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments that can be obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. In describing this invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" is the orientation or positional relationship based on the accompanying figures. Such terms are merely for convenience in explaining this invention and simplifying the description and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or part in question must be located in a particular orientation or must be constructed or operated in a particular direction. Therefore, these terms should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In explaining this invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected" and "connection" should be understood in their broad sense, for example, the connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a direct or indirect connection through an intermediary and a connection between two parts. For those of ordinary skill in this art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this invention can be understood with regard to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as no conflict arises between them. Visualization 1 This embodiment provides a chopper assembly. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the assembly includes a grass discharge channel and a grass inlet (not shown in the figures) and a grass discharge opening (10p) located at both ends of the grass discharge channel. Both ends of the movable blade roller 1r are rotatably fixed to the left wall 10r and the right wall 11r of the grass discharge channel, and in order to clearly show other structures, the left wall 10r and the right wall 11r are only partially shown in FIG. 1. The movable blade roller 1r is a cylindrical roller. A number of movable blades 2r are distributed in a spiral manner and are movably mounted on the movable blade roller 1r, and each of the movable blades 2r is parallel to the cross-sectional surface of the movable blade roller 1r. As shown in Figure 3, a plurality of movable blade holders 5r are welded and fixed on the movable blade roller 1r, and the movable blades 2r are fixedly mounted in the movable blade holders 5r in a one-to-one relationship. Each movable blade holder 5r has a substantially C-shaped structure, and in this embodiment, each movable blade 2r is screwed and fixed in a substantially C-shaped mounting hole of the corresponding movable blade holder. As shown in Fig. 4, in a square structure in which the movable blade roller 1r is opened and spread along a side surface of its cylindrical shape, a plurality of movable blade holders 5r are arranged diagonally in rows in the longitudinal direction. As shown in Fig. 4, six movable blade holders 5r are arranged in a row and are arranged sequentially and obliquely, with a distance from the first movable blade holder 5r from the upper left to the lower right. The movable blade holders 5r are arranged in several rows in the transverse direction. As shown in Fig. 4, in this embodiment, four rows of movable blade holders 5r are formed from top to bottom, and four rows of movable blade holders 5r are arranged diagonally in one direction.The movable blade holders 5r are arranged in adjacent rows at one-to-one intervals in the longitudinal direction, that is, the first row of movable blade holders 5r and the second row of movable blade holders 5r are staggered, the positions of the first row of movable blade holders 5r are the same as the third row of movable blade holders 5r, forming a row-to-row intersection, the distribution status of the movable blade holders 5r on the movable blade roller 1r is shown in Figure 5. In such a way that an orthographic projection of all the movable blade holders 5r in the plane where the cross-sectional surface of the movable blade roller 1r is located is in the form of a closed ring, and as shown in Figure 6, after the movable blades 2r are installed in the movable blade holders 2r, these blades can form a closed ring in the plane where the cross-sectional surface of the movable blade roller 1r is located. A fixed blade holder 3r is obliquely disposed under the movable blade roller 1r. As shown in Fig. 2, a plurality of fixed blades 4r are disposed on the fixed blade holder 3r in the same direction and at uniform intervals. A column of movable blades 2r passes through a position between two adjacent fixed blades 4r in order, for example, in Fig. 4, the first column of movable blades 2r is the movable blades 2r disposed on the first movable blade holder 5r in the first and third rows from the left. The second column of movable blades 2r is the movable blades 2r disposed on the first movable blade holder 5r in the second and fourth rows from the left, and so on. When the movable blade roller 1r rotates, the movable blade roller 1r drives the movable blades 2r to pass through the gaps between the fixed blades 4r. The movable blades 2r are distributed in a spiral on the roller surface of the movable blade roller 1r. When the movable blade roller 1r is in any rotational position, it can be ensured that all the movable blades 2r can pass through the gaps between the fixed blades 4r, that is, the cutting state between the movable blades 2r and the fixed blades 4r can be maintained at all times. Under the normal rotation speed of the movable blade roller 1r, the cutting efficiency continues to improve, the power output cost decreases with the increase of the rotation speed, while the possible safety hazard caused by the damage to the dynamic balance caused by the increase of the rotation speed is avoided. As shown in Fig. 7, the anti-coil rings K at both ends of the movable blade roller 1r cover the bearing blocks and are fixed on the left side wall 10r and the right side wall 11r. As shown in Fig. 7, each anti-coil ring K includes at least two ring plates 1k and at least two clamping rings 2k. The ring plates 1k each have a circular arc structure, and all the ring plates 1k are connected end to end to form a circular ring isolation region. The at least two clamping rings 2k are fixed to one of the two connected ring plates 1k, and a gap 3k is formed between the at least two clamping rings 2k and the ring plate 1k, and the other plate 1k is adjusted to be located and fixed in the gap 3k. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, each of the annular plates 1k includes a bottom plate 11k and a side plate 12k, the bottom plate 11k being a flat plate and arranged to be bent in a circular arc. The side plate 12k is a curved plate and arranged along an outer ring edge of the bottom plate 11k. In this embodiment, each bottom plate 11k and the corresponding side plate 12k are integrally formed. In this embodiment, two ring plates 1k are provided, each having a semicircular arcuate shape. The outer wall surface of one ring plate 1k is connected to the inner wall surface of the other ring plate 1k. Holes are formed in the two superposed lower plates 11k, and the two ring plates 1k are fixedly connected to each other by screws. Each lower plate 11k is also provided with a plurality of assembly holes 5k. Each assembly hole 5k corresponds to the size of a conventional screw, and the screws pass through the assembly holes 5k to install and fix the anti-winding rings on the left wall 10r and the right wall 11r. Of course, the number of 1k ring plates may also be three or four or so, which are connected end-to-end to form a circular ring isolation region, and the specific number of 1k ring plates depends on the specific situations. In this embodiment, the side plate 12k of each of the ring plates 1k is perpendicular to the corresponding bottom plate 11k. Each clamping ring 2k is bent into an L shape; the short side of the L shape is welded and fixed to the outer wall surface of a side plate 12k and is located at both ends of the side plate 12k, the long side of the L shape is located parallel to the side plate 12k, and a gap 3k is formed between the clamping rings 2k and the side plates 12k, and the other two ends of the side plate 12k are respectively placed in the gap 3k. As shown in FIG. 7, each bottom plate 11k is also provided with at least one obstruction removal port for viewing or extending to other equipment. In this embodiment, each obstruction removal port is an obstruction removal groove 4k that is recessed from the inner ring edge of the arcuate bottom plate 11k toward the outer ring edge. Each obstruction removal groove 4k is generally in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, and the width of the opening of each groove is larger than the width of the bottom of that groove. The openings of the grooves are located on the inner rings of the bottom plates 11k, and the holes enclosed by the bottom plates 11k are used to cover and fix the anti-winding rings in the bearing blocks. Therefore, the openings of the grooves are bent on the surfaces of the bearing blocks, and the opening of each groove is large in size, which is more convenient for viewing the internal state. In this embodiment, each of the lower plates 11k of the annular plate 1k is provided with two obstacle removal grooves 4k, and the four obstacle removal grooves 4k are spaced evenly on the periphery. A circular ring-shaped isolation area is enclosed by ring plates 1k adapted to cover and fix on the drive shaft. This area is blocked in the gap to prevent weeds or straw from wrapping around the drive shaft. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, a spreading and spreading structure comprises a grass spreading plate 1p, a number of primary grass guiding plates 2p and a number of secondary grass guiding plates 3p. As shown in Figure 9, the grass spreading plate 1p is provided with an additional section 11p. The width of this section is the same as the grass discharge opening 10p, its edge is flanged and this additional section 11p is fixed by flanging onto the upper edge of the grass discharge opening 10p. The grass spreading plate 1p is generally inclined downwards. The planar surface of the grass spreading plate 1p is arranged to gradually increase from the grass discharge opening 10p toward an end far from the grass discharge opening 10p. A plurality of first grass guiding plates 2p are arranged on the lower surface of the grass spreading plate 1p at intervals in a direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharge opening 10p and close to one end of the grass discharge opening 10p. The first grass guiding plates 2p are perpendicular to the grass spreading plate 1p and are arranged to form an angle between the first grass guiding plate 2p and the center line of the grass spreading plate 1p. In this embodiment, the three first grass guiding plates 2p are arranged at different angles on the grass spreading plate 1p and are suitable for guiding chopped rice straw in different directions. Depending on specific needs, four or five initial 2p grass guide plates or the like may also be provided, and the first 2p grass guide plates are symmetrically positioned with respect to the centerline of the 1p grass spreader plate. As shown in Figure 9, a plurality of secondary grass guide plates 3p are arranged on one side away from the grass discharge opening 10p of the grass spreading plate 1p, and these plates are on the lower surface of the grass spreading plate 1p with a distance in a direction parallel to the edge of the grass discharge opening 10p. Similarly, the second grass guide plates 3p are perpendicular to the grass spreading plate 1p and are arranged so as to form an angle between each secondary grass guide plate 3p and the center line of the grass spreading plate 1p. In this embodiment, the number of secondary grass guide plates 3p is greater than the number of primary grass guide plates 2p, for example, seven secondary grass guide plates 3p are arranged at uniform intervals and symmetrically with respect to the center line of the grass spreading plate 1p. The angle between each secondary grass guide plate 3p and the centerline of the grass spreading plate 1p gradually increases from the second grass guide plate 3p close to the centerline of the grass spreading plate 1p to the second grass guide plate 3p far from the centerline of the grass spreading plate 1p.In this embodiment, except for the second grass guide plate 3p located on the center line of the grass spreading plate 1p, the other secondary grass guide plates 3p are curved plates, so that all the secondary grass guide plates 3p are generally fan-shaped. The first grass guide plates 2p and the second grass guide plates 3p form a trapezoidal structure. The chopped rice straw is first guided and dispersed from the grass discharge opening 10p through the first grass guide plates 2p, and then dispersed and spread in a wide range and at multiple angles through the second grass guide plates 3p, so that the rice straw is cut and crushed by the movable blades 2r, and the fixed blades 4r evenly spread them in the field, and as a result, in-line accumulation in the field is prevented and the distribution efficiency is improved. It is obvious that the above embodiment is only an example for clear explanation, not a limitation of this embodiment. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various other forms of changes or developments can be made based on the above figures. It is unnecessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments here. The obvious changes or developments resulting therefrom are still within the scope of the protection of this invention.

Claims

Amended Claims 1. A chopper assembly, comprising: a grass discharge channel, and a grass inlet and a grass discharge opening (10p) which are located at both ends of the grass discharge channel; a movable blade roller (1r), arranged within the grass discharge channel; a plurality of movable blades (2r), distributed in a helical arrangement and removably mounted on the movable blade roller (1r); wherein any one of the movable blades (2r) is parallel to a cross section of the movable blade roller (1r); a fixed blade holder (3r), arranged in the grass discharge channel at one side, close to the grass inlet, of the movable blade roller (1r); a plurality of fixed blades (4r), arranged on the fixed blade holder (3r) in a same direction and at uniform intervals; wherein the movable blade roller (1r) drives the movable blades (2r) to rotate to pass through gaps between the fixed blades (4r) when the movable blade roller (1r) is driven to rotate; and a dispersing and spreading structure, arranged in the grass discharge opening (10p) and suitable for uniformly dispersing and spreading crushed rice straw, orthographic projections of all the movable blades (2r) on a plane where the cross section of the movable blade roller (1r) is located enclose a closed ring, in a square structure unfolded along a generatrix of the cylindrical movable blade roller (1r), the plurality of the movable blade holders (5r) are arranged in rows in a length direction; and the movable blade holders (5r) are arranged in a plurality of rows in a width direction, in the width direction, the movable blade holders (5r) of adjacent rows are arranged obliquely in a same direction, the movable blade holders (5r) in the adjacent rows are staggered in such a way that row-by-row intersection is formed.

2. The chopper assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of movable blade holders (5r), welded and fixed on the movable blade roller (1r); wherein the movable blades (2r) are fixedly mounted in the movable blade holders (5r) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

3. The chopper assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that any one of the movable blade holders (5r) is of an approximately C-shaped structure; and each movable blade (2r) is bolted and fixed in an approximately C-shaped mounting cavity of the corresponding movable blade holder (5r).

4. The chopper assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising anti-winding rings (K); wherein each anti-winding ring (K) comprises: at least two ring plates (1k), wherein each ring plate has a circular arc-shaped structure; and all of the ring plates (1k) are connected end to end to form a circular ring-shaped isolation zone; and at least two clamping plates (2k), wherein the at least two clamping plates (2k) are fixed to one of the two connected ring plates (1k), and a slot (3k) is formed between the at least two clamping plates (2k) and the ring plate (1k); and the other of the ring plates (1k) is adapted to be inserted and fixed in the slot (3k).

5. The chopper assembly according to claim 4, wherein the dispersing and spreading structure comprises: a grass dispersing plate (1p), fixed to an upper edge of the grass discharge opening (10p); wherein a plate surface of the grass dispersing plate (1p) is arranged to be gradually enlarged from the grass discharge opening (10p) towards one end away from the grass discharge opening (10p); and a plurality of first grass guide plates (2p), arranged on a lower surface of the grass dispersing plate (1p) at intervals in a direction parallel to an edge of the grass discharge opening (10p); wherein the first grass guide plates (2p) are arranged perpendicular to the grass dispersing plate (1p) and are arranged to form an angle between each first grass guide plate (2p) and the center line of the grass dispersing plate (1p).

6. The chopper assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the first grass guide plates (2p) are arranged at one end close to the grass discharge opening (10p); and the dispersing and spreading structure further comprises: a plurality of second grass guide plates (3p), arranged on a lower surface of the grass dispersing plate (1p) at intervals in a direction parallel to an edge of the grass discharge opening (10p) and located at one end away from the grass discharge opening (10p); wherein the second grass guide plates (3p) are arranged perpendicular to the grass dispersing plate (1p) and are arranged to form an angle between each second grass guide plate (3p) and the center line of the grass dispersing plate (1p); and the number of the second grass guide plates (3p) is greater than the number of the first grass guide plates (2p).

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