A liquid herbal antibiotic and a powdered herbal antibiotic containing a herbal antibacterial formulation

Abstract

A herbal antibacterial formulation has been developed for the treatment of many infections caused by a large number of bacteria. The herbal antibacterial formulation comprises at least one substance comprising at least one phenolic component such as thymol, carvacrol or a combination thereof. The herbal antibacterial formulation is used in a liquid herbal antibiotic and a powdered herbal antibiotic, which provides better and more stable performance compared to chemical antibiotics.

Description

Description Title of the invention: A liquid herbal antibiotic and a powdered herbal antibiotic containing a herbal antibacterial formulation Technical background [1] The present disclosure relates to a herbal antibacterial formulation for treating many infections caused by a large number of bacteria, in particular a liquid herbal antibiotic and a powdered herbal antibiotic containing a herbal antibacterial formulation. Prior knowledge [2] Infection occurs when bacteria enter the body of a species and multiply, causing damage or disease to organs and tissues. Antibiotics are drugs that contain an antibacterial compound that kills or slows the growth of bacteria and prevents them from multiplying. Since the discovery of the first antimicrobial compound in 1911, several generations of chemical antibiotics, such as sulfonamides, penicillin, and cephalosporins, have been developed with the aim of effectively treating and controlling infectious diseases. [3] There are problems and challenges in the use of chemical antibiotics. One of the problems is the increase in drug resistance due to their improper use during consumption. Therefore, this leads to the use of chemical antibiotics in higher doses and longer treatment periods. Other problems with chemical antibiotics include the possibility of toxicity in chemical antibiotics, the possibility of teratogenicity and mutagenicity of chemical antibiotics, environmental pollution of harmful chemical residues of chemical antibiotics in water and soil, and the existence of restrictions on consumption, which is a serious threat to public health and food security. [4] In addition, the emergence of a similar and / or different infection after treatment with chemical antibiotics, especially in animal species such as livestock and poultry, is another issue that poses a problem for the use of chemical antibiotics. To solve the problem, the use of higher doses of chemical antibiotics over a longer treatment period is required. Furthermore, the use of chemical antibiotics is prohibited for infected species that are in reproductive mode, i.e., egg-laying poultry. [5] Therefore, developing a safe and effective herbal antibacterial formulation is essential to overcome the above-mentioned challenges to reduce the consumption of antibacterial drugs and control drug resistance during the course of use. Summary of the invention [6] This summary is intended to provide an overview of the subject matter of this disclosure, and is not intended to identify essential or key elements of the subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed implementation. The appropriate scope of this disclosure can be determined from the claims set forth below, in light of the detailed description below and the drawings. [7] In a general aspect, the present disclosure relates to an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation for treating a variety of infections caused by a variety of bacteria. The exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation may include at least one ingredient, which may include at least one phenolic component. [8] The above general aspect may have one or more of the following features. In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one phenolic component may comprise thymol, carvacrol, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one component may comprise thyme essential oil, savory essential oil, rosemary essential oil, marjoram essential oil, fennel essential oil, ajwain essential oil, or a combination thereof. [9] In another general aspect, the present disclosure relates to a liquid herbal antibiotic sample. The liquid herbal antibiotic sample may include a herbal antibacterial formulation sample, at least one solvent, and at least one emulsifier.

[10] The above general aspect may have one or more of the following features. In an exemplary embodiment, a concentration of the herbal antibacterial formulation may be in a range of 0.1%-0.20% by weight, a solvent concentration may be in a range of 0.20%-0.30% by weight, and an emulsifier concentration may be in a range of 0.50%-0.60% by weight. In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one solvent may comprise propylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol, sorbitol, dextrose, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary implementation, the at least one emulsifier may comprise polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the liquid herbal antibiotic may be used in a hygienic form such that the hygienic form may comprise a tablet, syrup, solution, balm, cream, skin patch, and wound dressing.

[11] In another general aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method of producing an exemplary liquid herbal antibiotic using an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation. The exemplary method of producing a liquid herbal antibiotic may include preparing at least two essential oils by distilling at least two herbs, preparing an herbal antibacterial formulation by mixing at least two essential oils, preparing an antibacterial solution by adding at least one solvent to the herbal antibacterial formulation, and adding at least one emulsifier to the antibacterial solution and mixing the at least one emulsifier and the antibacterial solution to form a liquid herbal antibiotic.

[12] In another general aspect, the present disclosure relates to a powdered herbal antibiotic sample. The powdered herbal antibiotic sample may include a herbal antibacterial formulation sample, a phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide, and at least one herbal resin.

[13] The above general aspect may have one or more of the following features. In an exemplary embodiment, a concentration of the herbal antibacterial formulation may be in a range of 0.10% - 0.28% by weight, a concentration of phospholipid may be in a range of 0.5% - 0.8% by weight, a concentration of polysaccharide may be in a range of 0.20% - 0.40% by weight, and a concentration of herbal resin may be in a range of 0.10% - 0.40% by weight. In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one polysaccharide may comprise a starch, an alginate, pectin, a carrageenan, a chitosan, a cyclodextrin, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the starch may comprise a modified starch. In an exemplary embodiment, the herbal resin may comprise beeswax, lecithin, medium chain triglycerides, glyceryl behenate, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the exemplary herbal powder antibiotic may be administered in a sanitary form, such that the sanitary form may include a tablet, syrup, a solution, a balm, a cream, a skin patch, and a wound dressing.

[14] In another general aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a method of producing an exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic using an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation. The exemplary method of producing a powdered herbal antibiotic may include preparing at least two essential oils by distilling at least two herbs, preparing an herbal antibacterial formulation by mixing the at least two essential oils, preparing an antibacterial suspension by adding at least one phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide, and at least one herbal resin to the herbal antibacterial formulation and agitating the at least one phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide, at least one herbal resin, and the herbal antibacterial formulation, preparing a filtered solution by filtering the suspension using a means for filtering, and drying the filtered solution to form a powdered herbal antibiotic. Brief description of the maps

[15] The drawing illustrates one or more embodiments in accordance with the present teaching, by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Therefore, the drawing does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Also, like reference numerals throughout the figures indicate like or identical elements. Fig. 1

[16] [[Figure 1] illustrates a flowchart of an implementation of a general representation of a liquid plant antibiotic production method consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 [17[[Figure 2] A flowchart of one embodiment of a general representation of a method for producing a powdered herbal antibiotic consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3

[18] Bar chart showing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of a thyme essential oil, a savory essential oil, a herbal antibacterial formulation based on thyme essential oil, and an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation based on savory essential oil against a large number of bacteria, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 [19[[Figure 4] A bar graph shows a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of a thyme essential oil, a savory essential oil, an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation based on thyme essential oil, and an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation based on savory essential oil against a large number of bacteria, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 [20[[Figure 5] shows a disk diffusion test result of a sample of a herbal antibacterial formulation compared to common chemical antibiotics used to treat E. coli O157 bacteria, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6 ]21[[Figure 6] illustrates an accelerated stability test report based on the scientific guidelines of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for a liquid herbal antibiotic sample, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 7 [22[[Figure 7] shows a curve of the number of deaths of a poultry farm before, during and after a treatment period of an exemplary liquid herbal antibiotic compared to enrofloxacin and colistin as a chemical antibiotic, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 8 [23[[Figure 8] shows a bar graph of the average body weight, FCR and mortality percentage of a broiler farm during a treatment period with a liquid herbal antibiotic sample compared to doxycycline and colistin as a chemical antibiotic, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 9 ]24[[Figure 9] illustrates an accelerated stability test report based on the scientific guidelines of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for a powdered herbal antibiotic sample, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 10 [25[[Figure 10] Curves showing feed conversion ratio (FCR), percentage mortality and percentage production of a laying hen farm before, during and after a treatment period of a powdered herbal antibiotic sample, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Description of the visualizations

[26] In the following detailed description, numerous details are set forth by way of example in order to provide a thorough understanding of the teachings. However, it should be apparent that the present teachings may be practiced without such details. In other instances, well-known processes, procedures, components, and / or circuits are described at a relatively high level and without such details in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the present teachings. Therefore, the following detailed description is not intended to be limiting, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined only by the appended claims.

[27] The following detailed description is provided to enable one skilled in the art to make and use the processes and devices disclosed in exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is provided to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required to practice the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments are provided as illustrative examples only. Various modifications to the exemplary implementations will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other implementations and applications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to the illustrated implementations, but should be considered to be as broadly as possible consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

[28] The present disclosure describes an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation that may be used in a powdered or liquid antibiotic formulation that can treat a wide range of infections caused by a wide range of bacteria. Some of the advantages of using the herbal antibacterial formulation for a liquid herbal antibiotic and an exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic described in the present disclosure may include, but are not limited to, reduced antibacterial drug consumption, no development of drug resistance during use, no need for repeated courses of treatment, no toxicity, permitted for use in infected ovipositor species, no possibility of teratogenicity and mutagenicity, environmental friendliness, and a wider zone of inhibition than chemical antibiotics in the disk diffusion test.

[29] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments, a liquid herbal antibiotic example and a powdered herbal antibiotic example containing an antibacterial herbal formulation example may comprise at least one carrier. In one or more exemplary embodiments, the at least one carrier may comprise at least one polymeric carrier. The term "polymeric" may refer to a hydrocarbon component of a synthetic and / or natural macromolecule of suitable molecular weight. The term "suitable molecular weight" may refer to a molecular weight in the range of 500,000 to 150,000 grams per mole.

[30] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments, the present disclosure describes an exemplary method for producing a liquid herbal antibiotic. In an exemplary embodiment, the exemplary method for producing a liquid herbal antibiotic may include at least two major steps. A first step may include providing a sample herbal antibacterial formulation, and a second step may include placing a sample herbal antibacterial formulation into at least one suitable carrier. The term "suitable carrier" may refer to a polymeric carrier that is compatible with a liquid herbal antibiotic sample.

[31] Also, in one or more exemplary embodiments, the present disclosure describes an exemplary method for producing a powdered herbal antibiotic. In an exemplary embodiment, the method for producing a powdered herbal antibiotic may include at least three major steps. A first step may include providing a powdered herbal antibacterial formulation, and a second step may include placing the powdered herbal antibacterial formulation into a suitable carrier. A third step may include filtering and drying a product of the second step. The term "suitable carrier" may refer to a polymeric carrier that is compatible with a powdered herbal antibiotic.

[32] In an exemplary embodiment, aspects and features of an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation, an exemplary liquid herbal antibiotic, an exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic, a method of producing the exemplary liquid herbal antibiotic, and a method of producing the exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic will be described in further detail below.

[33] An antibacterial herbal formulation for the treatment of infections caused by a type of bacteria

[34] Thyme and savory essential oils, due to their phenolic compounds, especially thymol and carvacrol, have some microbiological properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, fungicidal, and insecticidal activities. In fact, thymol and carvacrol exert their antimicrobial activity through the following steps: 1) disruption of the bacterial cell membrane by increasing membrane permeability and disrupting the flow and placement of outer membrane proteins, 2) reduction of the bacterial cell energy level by disrupting the cell membrane potential, disrupting proton pumps, and reducing ATP levels, 3) disruption of the metabolism and function of bacterial cells by inhibiting efflux pump systems, inhibiting flagellin synthesis, reducing the production and secretion of toxins, disrupting metabolic pathways, reducing the activity of lipase and coagulation enzymes, 4) inhibition of the communication between bacterial cells (Quorum sensing phenomenon), and as a result, 5) prevention of the formation of microbial biofilms and drug resistance. Therefore, the above mechanism of antimicrobial activities leads to solving the problems of chemical antibiotics such as toxicity, environmental pollution, drug resistance, as well as the need for a longer period of drug use.

[35] In an exemplary embodiment, for treating a large number of infections caused by a large number of bacteria, a herbal antibacterial formulation is developed to overcome the problems mentioned above.

[36] In an exemplary embodiment, an antibacterial herbal formulation may comprise at least one ingredient, which may comprise at least one phenolic component. In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one phenolic component may comprise thymol, carvacrol, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one ingredient may comprise, for example, but not limited to, a thyme essential oil, a savory essential oil, a rosemary essential oil, a marjoram essential oil, a fennel essential oil, an agarwood essential oil, or a combination thereof. In one or more exemplary embodiments, the antibacterial herbal formulation may comprise a thyme essential oil and a savory essential oil.

[37] In some exemplary embodiments, thyme essential oil may further comprise multiple active ingredients. In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of active ingredients may comprise autogen at a concentration of 0.2% to 1.5% by weight, p-myrune at a concentration of 0.1% to 0.3% by weight, rx-terpinene at a concentration of 0.9% to 2.6% by weight, jH;ymene at a concentration of 0.14% to 0.28% by weight, y-terpinene at a concentration of 0.4% to 0.12% by weight, linalool at a concentration of 1.5% to 6.5% by weight, terpinen-4-ol at a concentration of 0.1% to 2.5% by weight, and ooroaaolmelhyl ether at a concentration of 0.05% to 1.5% by weight. In an exemplary embodiment, the carvacrol concentration of savory essential oil may be at a concentration of 0.90% to 0.98% by weight.

[38] In an exemplary embodiment, the ratio of the combination of savory essential oil and thyme essential oil may be in the range of 1:1.5 to 1:6, preferably 1:3 by weight.

[39] In an exemplary embodiment, the savory essential oil may be a satureja khuzestanica essential oil.

[40] In an exemplary embodiment, the thyme essential oil may be a Thymus vulgaris essential oil.

[41] In an exemplary embodiment, the bacterial population may include a plurality of gram-negative bacteria, a plurality of gram-positive bacteria, and a plurality of non-gram-positive bacteria. The term "non-gram-positive bacteria" may refer to a plurality of bacteria that are not grouped into gram-negative bacteria or gram-positive bacteria.

[42] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of gram-negative bacteria may include Escherichia alberti, Salmonella bogusonii, Escherichia coli, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, Escherichia hermannii, Escherichia vulneris, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enterica, Salmonella bunguri, Salmonella typhus, Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella gallinarum, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Borrelia anserine, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis, Avibacterium paragallinarum, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter foetus, Campylobacter pylori, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Klebsiella pneumonia.

[43] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of gram-positive bacteria may include Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus obris, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus phasalis, Streptococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium septicum, Clostridium botulinum, and Clostridium coliform.

[44] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of non-gram bacteria may include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synovia, and Mycoplasma melagridis.

[45] A liquid herbal antibiotic

[46] Furthermore, the present disclosure describes a liquid herbal antibiotic sample. In an exemplary embodiment, the liquid herbal antibiotic sample may include a herbal antibacterial formulation sample, at least one solvent, and at least one emulsifier.

[47] In an exemplary embodiment, a concentration of the herbal antibacterial formulation may be in a range of 0.1 to 0.20 wt%, a solvent concentration may be in a range of 0.20 to 0.30 wt%, and an emulsifier concentration may be in a range of 0.50 to 0.60 wt%. The concentration range affects the stability as well as the uniformity of the liquid herbal antibiotic sample.

[48] ​​In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one solvent may include propylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol, sorbitol, dextrose, or a combination thereof.

[49] In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one emulsifier may comprise polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, or a combination thereof.

[50] In an exemplary embodiment, the liquid herbal antibiotic may be used in a sanitary form, such that the sanitary form may include, but is not limited to, a tablet, a syrup, a solution, a balm, a cream, a skin patch, and a wound dressing. The exemplary liquid herbal antibiotic of the present disclosure is useful for use in various industries such as pharmaceutical, medical, healthcare, livestock and poultry, and pet industries.

[51] A method for producing liquid herbal antibiotics

[52] Figure 1 shows a flowchart of an implementation of a general representation of a method for producing a liquid herbal antibiotic 100 using an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the method for producing a liquid herbal antibiotic 100 may include preparing at least two essential oils by distilling at least two herbs 102, preparing an herbal antibacterial formulation by mixing at least two essential oils 104, preparing an antibacterial solution by adding at least one solvent to the herbal antibacterial formulation 106, and making a liquid herbal antibiotic by adding at least one emulsifier to the antibacterial solution and mixing the at least one emulsifier and the antibacterial solution 108.

[53] In an exemplary embodiment, the stirring time period may be in the range of 45-70 minutes. This time period has a favorable effect on the formation of a uniform solution.

[54] A powdered herbal antibiotic

[55] Furthermore, the present disclosure describes an exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic. In an exemplary embodiment, the exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic may include an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation, a phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide, and at least one herbal resin.

[56] In an exemplary embodiment, the concentration of the herbal antibacterial formulation may be in the range of 0.10% - 0.28% by weight, a phospholipid concentration may be in the range of 0.5% - 0.8% by weight, a polysaccharide concentration may be in the range of 0.20% - 0.40% by weight, and a concentration of at least one herbal resin may be in the range of 0.10% - 0.40% by weight. The concentration range affects the stability as well as the uniformity of the exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic.

[57] In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one polysaccharide may comprise starch, alginate, pectin, carrageenan, chitosan, cyclodextrin, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the starch may comprise a modified starch.

[58] In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one plant resin may include beeswax, lecithin, triglycerides, glyceryl behenate, or a combination thereof.

[59] In an exemplary embodiment, the herbal antibiotic powder may be used in a sanitary form, such that the sanitary form may include, but is not limited to, a tablet, syrup, solution, ointment, cream, skin patch, and wound dressing.

[60] A method for producing powdered herbal antibiotics

[61] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a general implementation of a method for producing a powdered herbal antibiotic 200 using an exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the method for producing a powdered herbal antibiotic 200 may include preparing at least two essential oils by distilling at least two herbs 202, preparing an herbal antibacterial formulation by mixing at least two essential oils 204, preparing an antibacterial suspension by adding at least one phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide, and at least one herbal resin to the herbal antibacterial formulation and agitating the at least one phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide, at least one herbal resin, and the herbal antibacterial formulation 206, preparing a filtered solution by filtering the suspension using a means for filtering 208, and making a herbal antibiotic powder by drying the filtered solution 210.

[62] In an exemplary embodiment, the stirring time period may be in the range of 90-140 minutes. This time period is effective in forming a uniform suspension.

[63] In an exemplary embodiment, the means for filtering may include a filter press.

[64] In an exemplary embodiment, the size of the filtered solution is in the range of 100 nm to 200 nm.

[65] The following examples are presented in such a way as to provide those of ordinary skill in the art with complete information and description of how to make and use the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of what the inventors consider to be their invention or whether they intend to indicate that the following tests are all or only tests performed. In addition, the performance as well as the stability characteristics were evaluated using various test methods described in the examples below. Examples

[66] Example 1: Preparation of a herbal antibacterial formulation

[67] In Example 1, a preparation of a sample herbal antibacterial formulation for use in a liquid herbal antibiotic sample or a powdered antibiotic sample was carried out in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In this example, the sample herbal antibacterial formulation was obtained by mixing 5 grams of satureja khuzestanica essential oil with 15 grams of thymus vulgaris essential oil at room temperature for 10 minutes.

[68] The results of the MIC and MBC tests of the antibacterial herbal sample formulation, Satureja khuzestanica essential oil, and Thymus vulgaris essential oil are shown in Figures 3 and 4. These test results indicate that the synergistic effect of the combination of thyme and savory essential oil in the antibacterial herbal sample formulation resulted in better performance compared to Satureja khuzestanica essential oil and Thymus vulgaris essential oil.

[69] Furthermore, the disk diffusion test result of the herbal antibacterial sample formulation, compared with enrofloxacin, doxycycline, florfenicol, colistin and neomycin as common chemical antibiotics used to treat E. coli O157 bacteria, is shown in Figure 5. A larger inhibition zone of the herbal antibacterial sample formulation was observed compared to other chemical antibiotics, indicating the better performance of the herbal antibacterial formulation.

[70] Example 2: Preparation of a liquid herbal antibiotic

[71] In Example 2, a liquid herbal antibiotic sample containing the herbal antibacterial formulation (obtained in Example 1) for treating a large number of infections caused by a large number of bacteria was prepared in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In this example, in accordance with an exemplary method of producing a liquid herbal antibiotic, 50 grams of polysorbate 20 and 30 grams of propylene glycol were added to the sample herbal antibacterial formulation. The polysorbate 20, propylene glycol, and the sample herbal antibacterial formulation mixture were then stirred at room temperature for 50 minutes to obtain a liquid herbal antibiotic sample.

[72] The accelerated stability test report based on the scientific guidelines of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the liquid herbal antibiotic is shown in Figure 6. The test was conducted at a temperature of 40±2°C and a humidity of 75±5%. The test report shows that the liquid herbal antibiotic sample maintains its microbial, physicochemical and efficacy properties for at least 2 years.

[73] The mortality curves of a poultry farm before, during and after the treatment period of the liquid herbal antibiotic compared to enrofloxacin and colistin as a chemical antibiotic are shown in Figure 7. This comparison shows that the mortality decreases during the liquid herbal antibiotic treatment and remains almost constant after the treatment period of the liquid herbal antibiotic. In contrast, although the mortality decreases during the chemical antibiotic treatment, the mortality increases over time after the chemical antibiotic treatment. This indicates that, unlike chemical antibiotics, there is no need to repeat any treatment period for the liquid herbal antibiotic treatment.

[74] A bar graph of the average body weight, FCR and mortality percentage of a broiler farm during a treatment period with a liquid herbal antibiotic sample compared to doxycycline and colistin as a chemical antibiotic is shown in Figure 8. This graph shows that the liquid herbal antibiotic sample has better and more stable performance than chemical antibiotics in various poultry breeds, including broilers.

[75] Example 3: Preparation of a powdered herbal antibiotic

[76] In Example 3, a powdered herbal antibiotic containing the exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation (obtained in Example 1) for treating a large number of infections caused by a large number of bacteria was prepared according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In this example, according to the exemplary method for producing a powdered herbal antibiotic, 5 g of phospholipid, 35 g of modified starch and 40 g of lecithin were added to the exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation and mixed with stirring at room temperature for 120 minutes. Then, the suspension obtained from the phospholipid, lecithin, modified starch and exemplary herbal antibacterial formulation was filtered by a filter press. Finally, the filtered solution was dried by a spray dryer to obtain the exemplary powdered herbal antibiotic.

[77] The accelerated stability test report based on the scientific guidelines of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the sample herbal powder antibiotic is shown in Figure 9. The test was conducted at a temperature of 40±2°C and a humidity of 75±5%. The test report shows that the sample herbal powder antibiotic maintains its microbial, physicochemical and efficacy properties for at least 2 years.

[78] The curves of feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality rate and production rate of a chemical antibiotic resistant laying hen before, during and after the treatment period of a powdered herbal antibiotic sample are shown in Figure 10. These curves show that compared to chemical antibiotics that are prohibited for laying hens during the production period, the use of the powdered herbal antibiotic sample not only has no effect on production rate but also reduces mortality rate. The results also show that there is no need to repeat any treatment period of the powdered herbal antibiotic sample.

[79] While certain aspects of the present subject matter described herein have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made in light of the teachings herein without departing from the subject matter described herein and its broader aspects, and therefore, the appended claims are intended to embrace within their scope all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the invention is defined solely by the appended claims. It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that if a specific number of recitations of a claimed subject matter are intended, such intention is expressly recited in the claim and that in the absence of such recitations, such intention is not present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the appended claims below may include the use of the introductory phrase "at least one" to introduce the recitation of the claim.However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to mean that the introduction of a claimed claim by the indefinite phrase "a" limits any particular claim containing such an introduced claimed claim to inventions that contain only one such claim, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrase "at least one" and an indefinite phrase such as "a" (e.g., "a" should generally be construed to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same is true of the use of definite phrases used to introduce claimed claims. Furthermore, even if a specific number of introduced claimed claims is expressly cited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such a citation should generally be construed to mean at least the number cited (e.g., the bare citation "two citations," without other modifiers, generally means at least two or two citations).

[80] It is understood that the terms and expressions used herein have the ordinary meaning given to such terms and expressions in the context of the relevant field of study to which they relate, except where specific meanings are indicated herein. Relational terms such as first, second, third, and the like may be used merely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. The term "comprising" or any variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, device, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but may also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent in such process, method, apparatus, device, or apparatus. An element following "a" does not, without further limitation, preclude the presence of additional similar elements in the process, method, apparatus, device, or apparatus that constitutes the element.Additionally, "may" and other permitted terms are used herein to describe optional features of various embodiments. These terms also generally describe selectable or adjustable features, unless the context dictates otherwise.

Claims

What is claimed:

1. A liquid herbal antibiotic containing: Herbal antibacterial cream; At least one solvent; At least one emulsifier; Wherein a herbal antibacterial formulation comprises at least one phenolic component, wherein the phenolic component comprises thymol, carvacrol, or a combination thereof; Wherein an herbal antibacterial formulation comprises at least one ingredient including a thyme essential oil, a savory essential oil, a rosemary essential oil, a marjoram essential oil, a fennel essential oil, an ajwain essential oil or a combination thereof; Where a concentration of herbal antibacterial formulation is in a range of 0.1% -0.20% by weight, a solvent concentration is in a range of 0.20% -0.30% by weight, and an emulsifier concentration is in a range of 0.50 to 0.60% by weight; wherein at least one solvent comprises propylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol, sorbitol, dextrose or a combination thereof; Wherein at least one emulsifier comprises polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60 or a combination thereof.

2. A powdered herbal antibiotic containing: A herbal antibacterial formulation; A phospholipid; at least one polysaccharide; and At least one plant resin; Wherein a herbal antibacterial formulation comprises at least one phenolic component, wherein the phenolic component comprises thymol, carvacrol, or a combination thereof; Wherein an herbal antibacterial formulation comprises at least one ingredient including a thyme essential oil, a savory essential oil, a rosemary essential oil, a marjoram essential oil, a fennel essential oil, an ajwain essential oil or a combination thereof; Wherein a concentration of the herbal antibacterial formulation is in a range of 0.10% - 0.28% by weight, a phospholipid concentration is in a range of 0.5% - 0.8% by weight, a polysaccharide concentration is in a range of 0.20% - 0.40% by weight, and a herbal resin concentration is in a range of 0.10% - 0.40% by weight.

3. A method of producing powdered herbal antibiotics using a herbal antibacterial formulation comprising: Preparation of at least two essential oils by distilling at least two plants; Preparing a herbal antibacterial formulation by mixing at least two essential oils; preparing an antibacterial suspension by adding at least one phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide and at least one plant resin to the plant antibacterial formulation and stirring the at least one phospholipid, at least one polysaccharide, at least one plant resin and the plant antibacterial formulation; preparing a filtered solution by filtering the suspension using a means for filtering; Making a powdered herbal antibiotic by drying the filtered solution; wherein a herbal antibacterial formulation comprises at least one phenolic component, wherein the phenolic component comprises thymol, carvacrol, or a combination thereof; wherein at least one element comprises a thyme essential oil, a savory essential oil, a rosemary essential oil, a marjoram essential oil, a fennel essential oil, an ajwain essential oil, or a combination thereof; wherein the plant resin comprises beeswax, lecithin, medium chain triglycerides, glyceryl behenate, or a combination thereof; Wherein a concentration of the herbal antibacterial formulation is in a range of 0.10% - 0.28% by weight, a phospholipid concentration is in a range of 0.5% - 0.8% by weight, a polysaccharide concentration is in a range of 0.20% - 0.40% by weight, and a herbal resin concentration is in a range of 0.10% - 0.40% by weight.

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