SEMI-AUTOMATIC OPENING SYSTEM FOR THE MOVING PARTS OF AN EYEGLASS FRAME

Description

DESCRIPTION of the PATENT FOR INDUSTRIAL UTILITY MODEL entitled: "SEMI-AUTOMATIC OPENING SYSTEM FOR THE MOVING PARTS OF AN EYEGLASS FRAME" in the name of FONTANIVE ERALDO MARIO, with registered office in AGORDO (BL), via GARIBALDI, nl, of ITALIAN nationality, effectively domiciled for all legal purposes at FONTANIVE ERALDO MARIO, via GARIBALDI, nl, 32021 AGORDO (BL). Model author: FONTANIVE ERALDO MARIO. Deposit them 2* OCT. M9S ¢( nff ( / 0^^ li * Y This utility model concerns the eyeglass frames sector, in particular a semi-automatic opening and closing system, with or without a snap, of the moving parts of the frame itself. The aim of this invention is to provide frames with innovative ergonomic features, which facilitate their practical use in the most 1 various conditions. More precisely, it is an innovative system that allows the mobile parts of the frame, usually called "temple arms", to be brought into the open position with a single localized action. One of the solutions described in this document also provides for the possibility of returning said moving parts to the "closed" position by means of a localized action. As shown schematically (Table 1), the frame is composed, in the classic model, of a fixed part (11), which we will call "body", and of two or more moving parts (12) (12') which we will call "stains". The two st. can rotate (or rotate and translate) by means of appropriate joints. (13) (13') which we will call "pins". The innovative system of the present invention concerns the way in which the st., from t. • closed position (14), can be brought to the open position (15), with a single localized action performed with the fingers of one hand; and, if necessary, brought back to the closed position, always with a localized action. Essential parts for the characterization of the general model which is the object of this description are (Table 2): a) - a "p. button" (21) on which the localized opening action is performed and^'y' ; possible closure. The position of the p. is defined below, Cftu'f specifically depending on the type of opening and possible closure adopted; y b) - particular devices (22) which allow the sliding of the p.(s), during the opening manoeuvre and during the possible closing manoeuvre; c) - of the appropriate devices (23) which connect the oi p. to the system of transmission (see point d); d) - a movement transmission system (24), from p. to the opening system (see p. g) and vice versa, which we will call "transmission rod (at)"; e) - particular devices and restraints (25) (26) along the a.t. and / or at its ends, designed to facilitate the transmission of movement and to maintain it in the closed or open position, even during the opening and closing manoeuvre of the st.; f) - of the devices (27) that connect the a.t. to the opening system; g)- an "active" or "passive" or "neutral" st. (28) opening system, as described below, in the vicinity of the pin (29) and suitably arranged in relation to, or integrated with, it. These accessories may vary (and will be present or not) depending on the type of opening (and possible closing) foreseen: ultimately, depending on the different possible variants; all of which, however, can be traced back to the same basic model and the same ì. • basic idea. For the purposes of the following description, in order to avoid repetitions and without weighing down all the drawings to which we will refer, we describe some types of lateral pins for the rotation of the st... a) - Traditional pin. Ref. table 3. The eyepiece body has two "discs" (31) which are fixed because they are integral with it, between which there is a space; in this space a single "disc" (32) is inserted which is instead integral with the st. and therefore is mobile. All three discs are perforated, and a screw (3rd ; It acts as a pivot and connection between the two fixed and moving parts: the movement of the moving part is rotation around the pivot constituted by the screw. The st. can open or close automatically under the action of a spring (34) suitably inserted around the screw, the spring will have one end gripping the st. and the other end gripping the eye body; it will be the direction of winding of the spring that will determine whether it tends to open or close the st.. The ends 1 of the screw enter into appropriate slots of the mobile (35) and fixed (36) parts. The head of the screw (37) will retain and shield the spring from the outside. Nothing prevents construction and / or functional needs from allowing the construction of a screw with a counter screw in which one of the two parts acts as a sleeve (type table 4) which allows for effective separation between the spring and the screw. The spring can be omitted in the magnetic system, as will be seen later. b) - Ball bearings. Ref. table 4. For friction reasons, it may be necessary to convert the pin to a ball or roller bearing (47). The shape of the spring (41) and its function is completely identical to that seen in a), except that the assembly, in this case, is allowed by the fact that any one of the two fixed disks (42 and 42) is positioned at a later time (as a "lid") to the fixed part by means of a screw (43). Particularly advantageous in this case can be the use of a spring enclosed in a sleeve (44), from which only the ends suitable for attachment to the respective slots (45) (46) emerge. The spring can be omitted in the magnet system. c) - Interlocking. Ref. table 5. In this case, an appropriate shaping of the fixed (51) and mobile (52) disks allows the snap-on insert to be made, thanks to the relative shapings (55) (56), which is thus held by the elasticity of the fixed parts. Also in this case it is possible to mount a spring, however this system has been designed for opening or closing with magnetic systems, and for some particular variants of the model described, in which the shaping of the surfaces (53) and (54), both of the fixed parts and of the mobile part, is essential to the functionality of the system, as described below. Proceeding in a systematic way, for simplicity of exposition, the description of the variants, as mentioned all belonging to the same basic model, will take place in compliance with the following scheme. 0) Automatic Eyes. 0.1) Opening only. 0.1.1) Central action. 0.1.1.1) transmission of movement towards the outside. 0.1.1.1) transmission of inward movement. 0.1.2) Lateral action. OI2.1)aP.. 0.1.2.1) Without p.. 0.1.3) action on the St.. 0.1.2.1)aP.. 0.1.2.2) Without p.. 0.2) Opening and Closing. 0.2.1) Central action. 0.2.1.1) transmission of movement towards the outside (). 0.2.1.2) inward motion transmission (). 0.1.1) Automatic Eyes with Opening Only, with Central Action. Essential parts for the purposes of this description are (Rife, table 6): a) P., on which the localized action is performed, in a central position (61); b) Transmission system of the induced movement on the p., from the p. to the opening mechanism (At - 62); c) Connection system between p. and transmission rods (or rod), (63) d) Opening mechanism (64); e) Connection system between at and opening mechanism (65); f) Devices (guides, retainers, limit switches, return springs) appropriately arranged and, in principle, not essential for the purposes of this description, but indispensable for the correct design and operation of the various devices (66), which will always be present and cited only when necessary. a) P.; Ref. Table 7. Shaped to the shape of the nose pad (71), so as to conform to it in the open eye position, for any aesthetic needs. It has guides (72) that allow vertical or sub-vertical movement, within appropriate grooves on the nose (73); Limit switches (74) and return springs (75) complete the description, which does not present any difficulty in understanding the operation. b) At.; Ref. tab. 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13. Shaped to conform to the part of the frame (76) that must follow to reach the opening mechanism: various solutions are possible depending on the different geometry of the eye. The ends of the a.t., the "central" one and the "lateral" one, can be appropriately shaped in the different variants (see below). Retainers (77) (102) or special return springs (101) appropriately shielded from possible breakages, can be arranged in various ways along the rod itself, where necessary. c) P. / Asta connection system; Ref. tables 7 / 8 / 9. On the nose and on the p. it is possible to construct suitable reliefs (78) (79) which, with appropriate shaping of the central end of the at. (710), transform the vertical or sub-vertical movement of the p. (711) into axial movement of the rod (712). Retainers (77) (79) will force the rod to slide in the desired direction, sliding which can be facilitated, if necessary, with suitable devices such as small rollers or balls (e.g.: (712)). Depending on the different types of P, AT, SR, i.e. 1 Ultimately, depending on the connection system between P. and At, we can have different solutions, all of which are functionally equivalent. We will distinguish (if we refer to the direction of the movement of the rod during the opening action) i) outward movement of the rod; ii) inward movement of the rod; or (if we refer to the connection mechanism between P and AT) i) sliding connection (table 7); ii) connection with guide and flexible hose (table 8); . • iii) connection with gears; (table 8 / 9) The type of movement is determined by the relative and reciprocal shaping of the central ends of the a.t. (710) (91) (92) and of the reliefs on the p. (78) (93) (94). The sliding connection has already been described above. For the connection with guide and flexible, referring to table 8, it is obtained by replacing the insert on the nose (78) with a tooth (81) or a hollow (82) for hooking, while the end of the rod (83) (84) becomes flexible, and the transmission of the movement is determined by the particular retainers along this part of the rod (85) (86); also in this variant the movement is possible towards the inside (8A) or towards the outside (8B). For the gear connection, referring to table 8, it is obtained by building teeth on the nose inserts and on the end of the rod (87) (88) (811) (810) (103) (104). In this case, to transform the direction of motion from vertical to sub-horizontal, a small toothed roller is available (89) (812) (105) which can rotate around a fixed pin (813) (814) (106). Also in this case, movement towards the outside (8E) or towards the inside (8F) can be obtained simply by varying the mutual arrangement between the roller (89) and the rod (88); however, it is essential to observe that with this system, interference between the rod and the p. must be avoided during the movement, which can be achieved either by leaving a space between the guides of the p. (810) or by splitting the ends 1 same as the auction (103). d) Opening mechanism. Ref. tables 3 / 4 / 5. The opening mechanism, depending on the type of movement expected for the rod, will be correspondingly differentiated into: i) active opening mechanism: in which the rod, moving inward, releases the opening mechanism, which automatically opens the door; manual closing allows the rod and p. to return to the opening mechanism's locked position. This may be a traditional spring or magnet pin, or a ball pin (see). ii) neutral system, in which the opening mechanism follows the movement of the rod and vice versa. This system will be integrated with a special opening joint similar to the mechanisms already in use, with an intermediate neutral position, passive for closing at smaller angles and active for opening at larger angles. e) connection system between AT and MA. Ref. table 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15. The connection system also depends on the type of movement. The following variations are possible: i) free end of the rod: active system, with movement of the rod inwards, in which the end of the rod (111) is pressed (by a spring on the pin (75) and / or along the rod itself (101)) into a seat (112) of the mobile disk (113). This interlocking prevents the mobile disk from rotating under the action of the spring of the pin or of a system of magnets incorporated in it; by pressing the pin, the rod moves inwards and the above mentioned end comes out of the seat: the rotation of the pin (115) causes the seat (112) to move, with the consequence that, with the eyes open, the end (111) cannot return to its position, and the pin remains lowered. When, with manual movement, the pin and therefore the seat (112) is brought back in correspondence with the end (111), the spring on the pin. (75) (and / or along the rod itself (101)) pushes the end of the rod into the seat and the starting situation is obtained. The rod can be held in position by special sleeves (116) integral with the body of the eye (117) and a cover (118) can be built on the moving disk which has the purpose of holding the end of the a.t. in the rear position in the position of open eyes: in this case it will be necessary to prepare a cavity (119) in the body eyes ii) permanent grip end; neutral systems with movement indifferently inwards or outwards, in which the pin is moved and follows the movement of the outer end of the AT, for example by exploiting the action of hinge mechanisms already in use. The permanent socket can be rack or saw type or guide and flexible ;in table 12 a flexible mechanism with movement towards is shown the outside. The flexible end (121) of the rod, permanently connected to the disc mobile (122) through a suitable device (125), pushes, by pressing the p., in the direction tangential to the moving disk, causing it to rotate; the flexibility of the end of the rod makes sure that it adapts to the geometry of the disc, entering into a suitable cavity (123); the eye remains open thanks to the coupling of this system with a already known mechanism that tends to keep the st. in the open position for angles greater than a certain value, with sufficient force to overcome the force of the spring recall placed on the p. and / or along the rod itself; when it closes with manual action the eye, we return to the starting position. Even in this variation we sleeves (124) may be appropriate. In plate 13 a rack or saw system is shown, with movement always inwards: nothing changes except the permanent grip mechanism of the end of the rod (131) is made up of a double toothing on the rod itself and on the mobile disk (132). The operation is completely identical to the previous case. Trivial variations are constituted by a different reciprocal arrangement of the end of the rod and of the mobile disk: as highlighted in tables (14) and (15) with the same principle it is possible to obtain openings with movement towards the inside, as already seen (14A) (15A) or towards the inside (14B) (15B): it is only specified that in the case (15A) the end (151) of the rod may not be flexible, and that in the case (14A) always with MVE we have a different geometry, and therefore a possible aesthetic. 0.2.1) Automatic opening and closing eyes, with central action. Essential parts for the purposes of this description are (Ref. table 6): what is reported in 0.1.1) at points a), b) c) d) e) f) is valid in full and substantially a) P.; Reference Table 16 / 17; Shaped to the shape of the nose pad (161) (171), so as to conform to it in the open eye position, for any aesthetic needs. It has guides (162) (172) that allow vertical or sub-vertical movement, within appropriate grooves on the nose (163) and (173). Limit switches (164) (174) and return springs (165) (175) complete the description. Compared to the case of the p. referred to in 0.1.1), this p. is characterised by the fact that it has a beak (166) (176) at the end of the guides (162) (172), a tooth which can enter into appropriate slots (167) (177). This derives from the need, in the present model, to obtain a passive opening: the closing, which is automatic, must be prevented by the insertion of this beak into the slots, the presence of a certain number of slots allows the regulation of the opening. It is evident that the opening movement will be as in 0.1.1), but with the difference that some devices (178) will cause the insertion of the beak into the slots, with a possible rotation around the fulcrum (179) and contained (this rotation) in a plane perpendicular to the Page no. 11 plan of the lowering movement of the p.. When closing, it is necessary to unlock the beak by rotating it in reverse, and the p. can rise again as in 0.1.1). Other devices (1710) have the task of maintaining the vertical movement in the presence of high rotation forces in the aforementioned plane. Note that the variant of the independent double p. (168) is presented, which is necessary when, as in the system in table 16, the independent movement of the two rods and therefore of the st. would not otherwise be permitted. b) At; Ref. tab. 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 16 / 18 / 19 / 20; What is stated in 0.1.1 applies in full. A particular variant, with a free external end (181) will be described in point e) of this paragraph. c) P. / Asta connection system; Rife, tables 7 / 8 / 9 / 17; What was said in 0.0.1) at point c) is fully valid. A variant can be represented by a free internal end of the rod (169), without the need for a return spring of the type of (75) since for the passive opening model in some cases the action of the spring placed on the opening mechanism can be sufficient (which, we recall, in passive systems tends to close the eyes): in practice in the variant with opening with outward movement, the double p. can be used to make the (sequence and the phase shift of the opening) independent. d) Opening mechanism. Ref. tables 3 / 4 / 5 The opening mechanism will be passive only: in which the rod, moving outward, forces the door to open, which would otherwise passively tend to remain closed; unlocking the central pin allows the rod and pin to return to their initial position, with automatic closing of the door: the pin spring tends to close. e) connection system between AT and MA. Ref. tables 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15 / 18 / 19 / 20. The connection system also depends on the type of movement. The following variations are possible: i) free end of the rod (Table 18): typically passive system, with movement of the rod outwards, in which the end of the rod (181) is pressed (in following the pressure on the p.) towards the st.. At first, the rod undergoes a rotation ((pos (2) - approximately 70-90 degrees) on its axis, translating relatively little, always in the direction of its axis. In a second time it translates ((pos (3)) in the direction of its axis. The resulting effect is highlighted in (18A): the first rotation moves the st. (182) away from the strictly closed position (from 18A(1) to 18A(2)); the second translation opens the st. completely (from 18A(2) to 18A(3)). Figure 18B shows the sequence of movements of the end (181) of the rod (from 18B(1) to 18B(3)). It remains to be specified that the rotation of the rod is determined by a device of the type of sleeve represented in table 20 (which does not require explanation) or with a similar effect, while in the case of at very far from the rectilinear shape, it will be necessary to allow the rotation of the external end, with respect to the internal end which must remain fixed on the connection between the rod and p., by a device such as the one represented in table (19) (or similar in effect) and which does not require further clarifications. ii) end in permanent grip; everything stated in 0.1.1 applies in full) e) ii), except that in this case the action of a "spring" must always be foreseen close", sufficiently strong and positioned indifferently to recall the rod (on the p. or along it) and / or to recall the st. (integrated in the pin): this is essential for the purposes of automatic closing once the p. is unlocked: therefore, in this case, it is not a neutral system as intended in 0.1.1 )e)ii). In plate 13 a rack or saw system is shown, with movement always inwards: nothing changes except that the permanent gripping mechanism of the end of the rod 0.1.2) Automatic opening only, with lateral action. Essential parts for the purposes of this description are (Ref. table 21): a) P., on which the localized action is performed, in a lateral position (the p. in some variants can be replaced by a simple locking system with a limit unlocking force (211)); b) 'Lack of movement transmission system from p. to the opening mechanism (212); c) Opening mechanism (213); d) Connection system between p. and opening mechanism (where present (214)); e) Devices (guides, retainers, limit switches, return springs) appropriately arranged and, in principle, not essential for the purposes of this description, but indispensable for the correct design and operation of the various devices (215). a) P.; Ref. tab. 22 / 23 / 24 / 25 / 26 / 27; . Shaped appropriately (222) with respect to the connection part of the stfe. to the body of the eyes, for any aesthetic and / or functional needs. It has various guides (221) which allow vertical or sub-vertical movement, within appropriate grooves made on the body of the eyes (223); Limit switch devices (224) and return springs (225) complete the description. Depending on the different types of P, we can have different variants, all functionally equivalent. We will distinguish between them. i) the p. directly explains the unlocking / locking of the opening mechanism; ii) the p. acts directly on the opening mechanism; iii) the p. is a simple locking system with a limit unlocking force: The basic model (Ref. table 22) is made up of a p. which slides in appropriate grooves made in the connecting part of the st. (221)(223) to the body eyes.. A tooth of the p. (226), entering (in the closed position) in a suitable shape (227) of the mobile disk (228) of the st. pin, prevents the rotation of the latter due to the effect of the spring placed on the pin (see). By acting on the p., it lowers, exiting from the shape (227), allowing the active opening of the st. due to the effect of the spring. The p. remains in the lowered position (229) because with the rotation of the st. the shape on the mobile disk moves. When, with manual action and against the action of the opening spring, the st. is closed, the shape is brought back to the initial position: the return spring pushes the p. upwards, which again prevents the opening of the st.. Following Table 23, the discussion is completely identical, except that the p. (231) (232) acts on the locking system (in this case a spring of various shapes, (233) (241) which releases a particular clip (also variously shaped). When the st. is brought back to the closed position, the shaping of the clip means that it 'open forward' the locking system, however it is not possible to open it relative to the acting springs. backwards" due to its very shape (24B) and to a calibrated play of forces <4> 7ri,, In case the system is a block with a release force limit, the p. is to be missing, and the general principle is the following: a small action of the fingers is enough in the direction of the opening (nothing takes away from the fact that it is also a short but sharp movement £ of the hand), that the locking system gives way and the opening system (active) brings the st. to the open position (Tables 25, 26, 27). Locking systems with unlocking threshold can be obtained with magnets (27), with clips (26) or, again, with a "spring and ball" system, as can be seen in Table 25. Leaving aside the (obvious) magnetic system for which it is sufficient to remember that the opening spring can (possibly) be omitted if two magnets are used (272) attractive (in addition to the two repulsive magnets (271)) which keep the open position, and the clip system (or automatic button), completely analogous to the previous one (Tables 24 and 26, where however the shape of the clip (261) must also allow for release, the "spring and ball" system remains to be described. In the various variants, the basic principle is the following: a spring (spiral (251), leaf (252), etc.) pushes an insert (253), (254), (255) (the most rational is a sphere or semi-cylinder) which is connected to the mobile disk (256) (fixed (257)) of the opening system, within a counter-shape placed on the fixed disk (258) (mobile (259)). In this way the blocking is obtained, while the release limit force, permitted by the spring and the shape of the insert, is regulated depending on the force of the spring and the shape of the shape itself. In particular, it is possible to construct systems with total "disappearance" (25B) of all the parts, in which, furthermore, the spring (251), and therefore the blocking / unlocking force, is adjustable by means of a small screw (2510). d) Opening mechanism. For this type of solution, for reasons of functionality, only the "active" opening system is envisaged, in which the opening action is carried out by a spring or by an appropriate arrangement of small magnets. (Table 27, point (272). The same applies in the case where the p. e. 1 replaced by a simple locking system with a release force limit. 0.1.3) Automatic Opening Only Eyes, with action on the St.. Essential parts for the purposes of this description are: a) P., on which the localized action is performed, positioned on the st. (281) (the p. in « 'Q some variants can be replaced by a simple force locking system limit of, or relative movement necessary for, unlocking); b) Movement transmission mechanism (where present (282)); c) Opening mechanism (283); d) Connection system between p. and opening mechanism (where present (284)); e) Devices (guides, retainers, limit switches, return springs) appropriately arranged and, in principle, not essential for the purposes of this description, but indispensable for the correct design and operation of the various devices (285). a) P.; Reference Table 29 / 30; 11 p. in these variants and 1 positioned either at the intersection of the st. (291), or at one end of one of the two st. (301) (the one that is "above", i.e. the one that is closed last). Depending on the different types of P, we can have different solutions, all of which are functionally equivalent. We will distinguish: i) the p. is positioned at the intersection of the st.; ii) the p. is positioned at the end of a st.; The variants, all attributable to the same functional model, are represented in Tables 29 and 30. The basic model consists of a p. positioned at the intersection of the two st.. A tooth (292) of the p. (291), entering (in the closed position) in a suitable shape (293) of the external st. (294), prevents the relative rotation of both under the action of the opening mechanism. By acting on the p., it moves, exiting from the above-mentioned shape, allowing the active opening of the st.. The p. rises under the effect of a contrast spring. When, with manual action and against the action of the opening springs, the st. are closed in the same order as before, the p. snaps back into the shape (293), reconstituting the block. Following Table 30, the discussion is completely identical, except that the p. is in an extreme position with respect to the external st., and acts on a flexible a.t. (302) which activates the locking system (in this case the end (303) of the a.t. itself, which enters into a hole (304) or into any hook integral with the internal st. (305). When the st. is brought back to the closed position, the relative shaping of the end of the rod and its hooking seat determines the release of the p. which brings the situation back to the starting position, under the action of a contrast spring (306). In the case where the system is a locking system with a maximum unlocking force, the general principle is completely analogous to that of lateral opening: a small finger action in the opening direction is sufficient (even a brief but sharp movement of the hand does not change the possibility) for the locking system to yield and the opening system to bring the door to the open position. Locking systems with release threshold can be obtained with magnets (29B and 29C) or with clips (29D and 29E). Several variants are presented, among which a system with magnets (29B) (29C) and with clips (or automatic button) (29D) (29E) are completely obvious. Leaving aside the magnetic system (obvious), and the clip system (or automatic button), completely analogous to the previous one for lateral opening, it remains to describe the principle according to which the unlocking occurs not through the effect of a force, but through the effect of an "anomalous" movement of the st... In the various variants, the basic principle is the following: unlocking is made possible only by a relative lowering (or raising) of the external st. with respect to the internal one. Ref. Table 31. The two st. (311) (312) are held in the closed position by a hook (313) (314) which, entering into a suitable seat (315) prevents their relative movement in the direction of opening. By lowering or raising one or the other of the two st. (this is permitted by their natural elasticity) the hook is allowed to come out of the seat, and the st. open by the effect of the (active) opening mechanism placed on both pins. A variant of certain interest can be obtained by entrusting the release movement of the st. not to their elasticity, but rather to a suitable joint (318) (319), with pin (316) and springs (317) to contrast the rotation, as can be seen in Table 31, which does not require clarification. Obviously the arrangement of the springs and pins can be such as to obtain, if desired, only anti-clockwise, clockwise rotation, or both. d) Opening mechanism. For this type of solution, for functional reasons, only the "active" opening system is envisaged, in which the opening action is performed by a spring or by an appropriate arrangement of small magnets or, as seen, by an appropriate geometry of the rotation pin.

Claims

CLAIMS 1) System for the automatic opening of the moving parts of a mount (st.) by means of localized actions in one or more 1 points (p.). 2) Automatic opening and closing system of the st. by means of localized actions in one or more 1 p.. 3) Semi-automatic opening system of the moving parts of a frame (st.) by means of unlocking movements of one or more locking systems. 4) Opening system for the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 1), wherein the position of the p. is at or near the central nosepiece. 5) System for opening the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 1), wherein the position of the p. is in correspondence with or near the lateral pins between the st. and the eyeglass body. and the st. open by the effect of the (active) opening mechanism placed on both pins. A variant of certain interest can be obtained by entrusting the release movement of the st. not to their elasticity, but rather to a suitable joint (318) (319), with pin (316) and springs (317) to contrast the rotation, as can be seen in Table 31, which does not require clarification. Obviously the arrangement of the springs and pins can be such as to obtain, if desired, only anti-clockwise, clockwise rotation, or both. d) Opening mechanism. For this type of solution, for functional reasons, only the "active" opening system is envisaged, in which the opening action is performed by a spring or by an appropriate arrangement of small magnets or, as seen, by an appropriate geometry of the rotation pin. CLAIMS 1) System for the automatic opening of the moving parts of a mount (st.) by means of localized actions in one or more 1 points (p.). 2) Automatic opening and closing system of the st. by means of localized actions in one or more 1 p.. 3) Semi-automatic opening system of the moving parts of a frame (st.) by means of unlocking movements of one or more locking systems. 4) Opening system for the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 1), wherein the position of the p. is at or near the central nosepiece. 5) System for opening the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 1), wherein the position of the p. is in correspondence with or near the lateral pins between the st. and the eyeglass body. Page No. 19 6) System for opening the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 1), wherein the position of the p. is in correspondence with the st. same. 7) System for opening and closing the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 2), wherein the position of the p. is at or near the central nosepiece. 8) Semi-automatic opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 3), wherein the position of the locking system(s) is at or near the pins. 9) Semi-automatic opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 3), wherein the position of the locking system(s) is in correspondence with the st. themselves. 10) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 4), wherein the induced movement on the p. is transmitted to the mechanism opening by means of an at, with an outward opening movement. II) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the Claim 4), wherein the movement induced on the p. is transmitted to the opening mechanism by means of an at, with an inward opening movement. 12) System for opening and closing the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 7), wherein the movement induced on the p. is transmitted to the opening mechanism by means of an at, with an outward opening movement. 13) System of opening and closing of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 7), wherein the induced movement on the p. is transmitted to the mechanism opening by means of an at, with an inward opening movement. 14) System for opening and closing the doors, according to the claim 10), 11), 12), 13) in which the connection between at and p. occurs by sliding. 15) System for opening and possibly closing the st., according to claim 10), 11), 12), 13) in which the connection between at and p. occurs by means of the end flexible a.t. and a sliding guide. 16) System for opening and possibly closing the st., according to claim 10), 11), 12), 13) in which the connection between at and p. occurs by means of teeth on the at. and on the guides of the p. and appropriate toothed wheels. 17) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 10), wherein the type of opening is neutral, according to the present description, and the outer end of the a.t. is in permanent grip. 18) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 11), wherein the opening type is active, according to the present description, and the outer end of the a.t. is free. 19) System for opening and closing the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 12, 13), wherein the type of opening is passive, according to the present description, and the outer end of the a.t. is free. 20) Opening system for the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 12, 13), wherein the type of opening is passive, according to the present description, and the external end of the a.t. is in permanent grip. 21) Opening and possible closing system of the st., according to claim 17), 18, 19), 20), with any type of relative arrangement of pin, external end of the a.t., eye body. 22) Opening and possible closing system of the st., according to claim 17), 20), with any type of connection between the external end of the h.t. and the opening mechanism, i.e. rack or saw or with flexible end of the h.t. and guide. 23) Opening system of moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 5), where the p. (of any shape and orientation) explains directly the blocking action of the st.. 24) Opening system of moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 5), where the p. (of any shape and orientation) acts on the system of blocking the st.. 25) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 8), wherein the p. (of any shape and orientation) is made of a simple locking system with limit force to unlock the st.. 26) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 6), where the p. (of any shape and orientation) placed in correspondence of the intersection of the st. directly explains the blocking action of the st.. 27) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 6), where the p. (of any shape and orientation) placed at a end of the blocking st., acts on the blocking system of the st. itself. 28) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to V|à claim 9), where the p. (of any shape and orientation) placed in at the intersection of the st. it consists of a simple blocking system with unlocking limit force. 29) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 25), 28) wherein the locking system with a limit unlocking force of the st. is obtained with particular arrangements of magnets or clips and springs. 30) Opening system of the moving parts of a frame, according to the claim 25), wherein the locking system with a limiting force for unlocking the st. is obtained with particular arrangements of inserts, ball or cylinder or any appropriate shape and integral respectively with the fixed or mobile parts of the eye, pressed by adjustable leaf or spiral springs, within appropriate seats obtained respectively on the mobile or fixed parts of the eye. 31) Opening system for the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 28), wherein the locking system with a limit unlocking force and 1 obtained with particular arrangements of inserts, spherical or cylindrical or of any suitable shape and integral respectively with the external or internal st. respectively, pressed by adjustable leaf or spiral springs, within suitable seats obtained respectively on the internal or external st. 32) System for opening the moving parts of a frame, according to claim 27), wherein the movement of the p. is transmitted to the locking mechanism, at the intersection of the st., via a flexible at inside the st., with a return spring. 33) A system for opening the movable parts of a frame, according to claim 28), wherein the unlocking occurs through a relative movement of the st. (mainly rotation) in the plane of the same, exploiting their own elasticity or through a spring joint along their length. The locking is ensured by small teeth and meeting seats on the two st. respectively. 34) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims with p., in which it slides within suitable guides, and has its own return springs. 35) Automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims with p., wherein it has locking systems in the open position, and wherein the unlocking occurs with a subsequent movement different from that permitted by the guides referred to in the preceding claim. 36) Automatic opening and closing systems, according to all preceding claims, comprising p. in central position, wherein the at have non-synchronized movement, with double p. 37) Automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, comprising p. in a central position, in which the at have synchronized movement, with a single p. 38) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, in which only one st. is subject to the action of the p. or of the blocking system, in whatever position it may be, so that this st., closed last, constitutes the block of the other, which will however always be equipped with the opening mechanism. 39) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, in which non-essential details for the purposes of the operation principle of the variants are added as an addition or eliminated because they are not indispensable (anti-friction balls or rollers, retainers, springs, sleeves, screws, seats, grooves, guides, hooks, teeth, fulcrums). 40) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, in which metallic, plastic, ceramic or hard stone materials are used for all the essential details (springs, joints, magnets, anti-friction elements, retainers, guides, grooves, balls, rollers, ends of rods or screws, structures of the eye itself), provided that they are suitable for their technical or ornamental function. 41) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, in which relative rotation systems (ball or sleeve) and shaped sleeves (helical, of suitable and variable inclination) are inserted on the a.t. to set it in rotation as a consequence of the axial motion of the rod. 42) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, in which the ends of the automatic device are variously and appropriately shaped in order to ensure its correct functionality, and appropriately shaped to follow the geometry of the eye body. 43) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, in which the automatic door (along it or at its ends) is provided with tension or compression springs capable of returning the automatic door to the closed position. 44) Automatic or semi-automatic opening and closing systems, according to all the preceding claims, in which the movement of the st. is ensured by pins based on the principles set out in this description, or others, provided that they are not essential for the operation of the automatic opening and possible closing mechanisms. 2 4 OCT. 1995