Linear electromechanical actuator for swing doors.

Description

DESCRIPTION of the invention entitled: "Electromechanical linear actuator for swing doors" of ROGER TECHNOLOGY SRL in Mogliano Veneto (Treviso) 5 filed on June 26, 2024 at the Italian Patent and Trademark Office. * * * * * * * The present invention relates to a linear electromechanical actuator for swing door. Electromechanical actuators for swing doors are known, that is, for doors 10 articulated in correspondence with a first substantially vertical axis to a fixed structure; they include an electric motor integral with the actuator, whose casing or body is articulated to the fixed structure at a second axis substantially vertical, distinct from the first axis and is coupled, via a gearbox and a worm screw substantially 15 horizontal to a snail coupled to a fork, which in turn is articulated to the door to be moved in correspondence with a third axis substantially vertical not coplanar with the previous ones. More specifically, the actuator body comprises a portion elongated which houses the worm screw and is provided with a slot 20 longitudinal passage of an articulated fork to a blade in turn in solidarity with the door. The electric motor operates in both directions and the screw rotates endlessly dragged into rotation by this causes the sliding of the snail along the screw itself in both directions and the consequent rotation 25 of the door in opening and closing. Generally the two limit positions of the door in opening and closing can be defined by two external stops, against which the door impacts in the its two extreme positions or, especially in the case of constraints of a natural nature 801.1230 aesthetic or technical or regulatory reasons that do not allow the use of these external stops, from stops that are fixed to the actuator body at the two position of the snail along the worm screw at the two extreme positions of the door and which are accessible through the slot 5 longitudinal obtained in the actuator body for the passage of the fork connection to the door to be moved. Regardless of the type of limit switch used, in these well-known actuators electromechanical the thrust point is not located on the axis of the screw without fine but it is misaligned and this can lead to the onset of moments that in 10 special situations, for example in the case of handling difficulties of the door, could cause abnormal stresses on the actuator, and on the its attachments to the door and to the structure to which it is attached. Furthermore, the movement of the fork, to which the door is articulated, along the body of the actuator causes a movement of the door 15 approach of the free end of the actuator to the door itself with possible risk of interference if the connecting fork is not configured correctly to keep the actuator sufficiently distant from the door, especially in open door condition. This requires the use of forks related to the specification installation to be carried out and in any case it can increase the distance between the axis 20 thrust, which coincides with the axis of the worm screw, and the reaction axis, which passes through the joint between the fork and the door, and can therefore accentuate the previously mentioned inconvenience. Finally, the presence of the longitudinal slot for the passage of the fork connecting the actuator to the door to be moved as well as constituting a 25 communication between the outside and inside of the actuator body and therefore a inevitable passage of dust and humidity, can also constitute a danger to the user due to the lack of protection against accidental introducing a hand inside the actuator. 801.1230 Linear electromechanical actuators are also known, in which the body a tubular stem protrudes axially from the actuator, which at the free end It is articulated with a blade fixed to the door to be moved. In this type of motor the nut is directly fixed to the internal end of the stem 5 tubular and has no fork connecting it to the door, a fork which is instead present at the free end of the stem. In this type of actuator, without the fork, the component that causes the above problems is missing indicated and which cooperates with the internal mechanical limit switches for limiting the movements of the door itself, which in this type of actuator are not 10 expected, just as the longitudinal slit in the body is not expected either of the actuator for the passage of the fork and for the adjustment of the limit switches internal mechanics. Since internal mechanical limit switches are not foreseen, with these known actuators must be used only electric limit switches, which however 15 require a particular execution of the actuator, or limit switches external mechanics, i.e. fixed contrast elements, on which the door rests in condition of total opening and possibly also in condition of total closure. The aim of the invention is to overcome these limitations of the state of the art and to 20 create a linear electromechanical actuator for swing door, of the type with tubular stem protruding axially from the actuator body itself and equipped with internal mechanical limit switches. Since the internal mechanical limit switches require for their positioning and for their adjustment the longitudinal slot in the body 25 of the actuator, and this gap involves for the reasons already highlighted drawbacks of another nature, another aim of the invention is to realize a linear electromechanical actuator for swing doors with mechanical limit switches 801.1230 internal but without the drawbacks that current electromechanical actuators for swing doors with internal mechanical limit switches involve. In particular, another aim of the invention is to create an actuator linear electromechanical with internal mechanical limit switches that are easily 5 accessible from the outside for their adjustment, but which are totally hidden from view. Another aim of the invention is to create an electromechanical actuator linear, which despite being equipped with a longitudinal slot for the adjustment of the internal mechanical limit switches, free from all the inconveniences that this slot has 10 longitudinal involves. Another aim of the invention is to create an electromechanical actuator linear, in which the internal mechanical limit switches are easily adjustable in depending on installation needs. Another aim of the invention is to create an electromechanical actuator 15 linear that can be applied to practically any type of door. Another aim of the invention is to create an electromechanical actuator linear with a configuration similar to that of the actuators of this type without with internal mechanical limit switches and can be easily replaced with these. Another aim of the invention is to create an electromechanical actuator 20 linear safe and reliable operation. All these purposes and others that will result from the following description are achieved both jointly and separately, with an actuator linear electromechanical for swing door as defined in the claim 1. 25 The present invention is hereinafter further clarified in some his favorite forms of practical realization reported for purely exemplary and non-limiting with reference to the attached tables of drawings, in which: 801.1230 Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of an electromechanical actuator linear for swing door according to the invention, Figure 2 shows in perspective view the enlarged detail enclosed by the circle II of fig. 1, 5 Figure 3 shows in perspective view the enlarged detail enclosed by the circle III of fig. 1, Figure 4 shows the actuator in lateral view and partially sectioned with the stem in the end position completely retracted into the actuator body, 10 figure 5 shows it in the same view as fig. 4 but with the stem in the position of opposite limit switch, Figure 6 shows it in perspective view from below with the stem in the same position of fig. 4, Figure 7 shows it in a schematic perspective view applied to a door 15 swing in closed condition, and Figure 8 shows it in the same view as Fig. 7 applied to the door in the condition open. As can be seen from the figures, the linear electromechanical actuator according to The invention comprises an actuator housing 2 or body, which can 20 advantageously house inside it a motor with a vertical shaft, which inside the body 2 drives a worm screw into rotation (not represented) which couples with a helical gear wheel 4, keyed to a worm screw 6. This worm screw 6 can be advantageously housed within a linear protuberance 8 forming part of the body 2 25 of the actuator. For construction and maintenance reasons, body 2 can be advantageously made in two separable half-shells, that is in a lower half-shell 10, to which the engine and a fork 12 are applied 801.1230 articulated connection to the structure, to which door 14 is articulated operate, and in an upper half-shell 16. Screws 18 can hold together the two half-shells 10,16 of the body 2. The protuberance of the body 2 is provided at the free end with an opening 5 circular, from which a hollow cylindrical stem 20 can emerge, which at the external end it can advantageously have a fork 22 applied articulation of a connecting pin to the door 14 to be moved, while at the internal end it can be connected to a threaded nut 24, advantageously affected by an annular relief 25 having external diameter 10 greater than the diameter of the stem 20 and therefore protruding from the lateral surface of this. The worm screw 6 can be engaged in the threaded nut 24, which has diameter such that it can enter and move axially within the stem 20. The screw endless 6 can be supported near the helical gear 15 4 from a rolling bearing 26 which is preferably held by two cradles of semi-cylindrical guides 28, obtained in the two half-shells 10,16. The upper half-shell 16 can also be associated, in correspondence of the circular opening of the protuberance 8 of the body 2, a insert 30 affected by a semi-cylindrical cradle 32 and cooperating with a 20 similar semi-cylindrical cradle 32' obtained in a 30' insert, tied to the lower half-shell 10, to delimit said circular opening and to support and guide the axial movements of the stem 20 with respect to the body 2, as best as possible you'll see later. The lower half-shell 10 can be advantageously affected by 25 a longitudinal slot 34 in length related to the maximum excursion axial that the stem 20 can perform and the internal and external bands 35 of the boundaries of its edges may be affected by a dense dentition 801.1230 configured to be engaged by 36,36' elements intended to constitute limit switch for axial movements of the stem 20. More specifically, each limit switch 36,36' may comprise a lower element 38, to be applied externally to the lower half-shell 10 in 5 corresponding to the slot 34, and an upper element 40 to be applied always to the lower half-shell 10 but from the internal side and to be tied to the lower element 38 preferably via screws 42 after having clamped between them the two delimiting edges of the slot 34 of the lower half-shell 10. 10 The surfaces of the two elements 38,40 of each of the two limit switches 36,36' intended to come into contact with the edges of slot 34, can be advantageously interested by toothed bands 41, cooperating with the bands teeth 35 obtained in the edges of the slot 34. While the lower element 38 of each limit switch 36,36' is 15 preferably flat, the corresponding upper element 40 can be advantageously affected by two reliefs 44 protruding upwards and configured to provide support for the annular relief 25 of the snail threaded 24 and therefore contrast to the axial movements of the stem 20, to which said ring relief 25 is bound. 20 In an advantageous embodiment the actuator according to the invention also comprises a strip 46 covering the slot 34 and of the lower element 38 of the two limit switches 36,36'. More specifically the strip 46, which can be made of metal or plastic material, is affected on the two longitudinal edges by teeth 48 for attachment to the half-shell 25 lower 10, to which it can be advantageously fixed in a stable manner from a screw 50, after the teeth 48 have been engaged in corresponding seats obtained in the lower half-shell itself. 801.1230 The operation of the linear actuator according to the invention descends clearly from what has been described. The actuator's electric motor operation causes rotation of the worm screw 6, which cannot perform axial movements but thanks to the 5 its coupling via the nut 24 with the stem 20 makes this move axially, that is, depending on the direction of rotation of the engine, it does so exit from body 2 or makes it re-enter this one. The extremes of the axial travel of the stem 20 are defined by the two limit switch 36,36', which, following the loosening of the screws 42, allows the 10 two elements 38,40 that form them disengage their toothed portions 41 from the corresponding toothed bands 35 of the edges of the slot 34 and allow the sliding of the limit switches themselves along this slot and their subsequent fixing in the desired position. Thanks to the presence of the reliefs 44 in the upper element 38 of both 15 the limit switches 36,36', when the annular relief 25 of the nut 24 rests prevents further axial travel of the stem 20. This support can be made more effective and safe if the form of said reliefs 44 is complementary to the shape of the annular relief 25 of the snail 24. The position of the two limit switches 36,36' can be defined when 20 the actuator is installed, that is when the fork 22 of the outer end of the stem 20 is constrained to the door 14 and the fork 12 is constrained to the structure, to the which door 14 is articulated. Once the 36.36' limit switch adjustment has been made, the half-shell bottom 10 the strip 46 is applied, which completely covers the gap 25 34 and the visible part of the limit switches 36,36', as can be best observed in fig. 6. 801.1230 From what has been said it is clear that the linear actuator according to the invention is advantageous compared to traditional linear actuators and in particular: - it is of the type with a tubular stem coaxial with the worm screw 5 actuation of the stem itself and is equipped with internal mechanical limit switches adjustable, - allows you to adjust the end position quickly and easily even with the actuator installed, - can be easily replaced with current electromechanical actuators 10 traditional ones without requiring any adaptation intervention, - eliminates any risk of accidental access to internal parts of the actuator, - completely hides the limit switches from view, while still allowing easy operation access to them for adjustments without requiring disassembly 15 of the actuator, - does not require any connecting bracket of the snail coupled to the worm screw with the door and eliminates those precautions that must be adopted for the bracket of traditional actuators in order to avoid interference of the actuator with the door during its movement, 20 - exerts a push on the articulation point of the actuator on the door perfectly aligned with the axis of the actuator itself The present invention has been illustrated and described in some of its preferred forms of practical implementation, but it is understood that executive variants will be able to contribute to them in practice, without however going beyond the scope of 25 protection of this patent for industrial invention. 801.1230

Claims

1. Electromechanical actuator for swing door with a casing (2) comprising a lower half-shell (10) and an upper half-shell (16) which can be removably coupled together and which delimit an internal space housing the operating mechanism of a stem (20) having an internal end also housed within said casing (2) and an external end articulated to said door (14), said stem being axially movable with respect to said casing (2) between a first extreme position, substantially contained within the casing itself and corresponding to the condition of the door (14) open, and a second extreme position, protruding from said casing (2) and corresponding to the condition of the door (14) closed, characterised in that said casing (2) is affected by a longitudinal slot (34) for guiding and positioning two limit switches (36,36') interfering with a relief (25) provided at the internal end of said stem (20).

2. Actuator according to claim 1 characterised in that each limit switch (36,36') comprises a pair of elements (38,40) to be applied externally and internally to said casing (2) and to be constrained together so as to engage in a vice the two edges of said slot (34) interposed between said elements (38,40).

3. Actuator according to claim 1 and / or 2 characterised in that at least one of the two edges of said slot (34) is affected by at least one toothed band (35) cooperating with a corresponding toothed band (41) obtained in each of said limit switches (36,36').

4. Actuator according to one or more of the preceding claims characterised in that the two elements (38,40) of each limit switch (36,36') are held together by screws (42) which can be operated from the outside of said casing (2) and loosened at least sufficiently to allow the sliding of said limit switches (36,36') along said slot (34). 801.1230 5. Actuator according to one or more of the preceding claims characterised by the fact that it comprises a strip (46) covering said slot (34) and said limit switches (36,36').

6. Actuator according to claim 5 characterised in that said strip (46) is provided with teeth (48) for attachment to the lower half-shell (10) of said casing (2) and with at least one screw (50) for stable locking to said lower half-shell (10).

7. Actuator according to one or more of claims 2 to 6 characterised in that the internal element (40) of each limit switch (36,36') is affected by at least one relief (44) interfering with said relief (25) of said stem (20).

8. Actuator according to one or more of the preceding claims characterised in that said relief (25) of said stem (20) is integral with a nut which is in turn integral with said stem and engaged by a motorised screw for the axial movement of said stem.

9. Actuator according to claim 8 characterised in that said relief (25) is constituted by an annular portion of said nut (24) protruding beyond the cylindrical lateral surface of said stem (20).

10. Actuator according to claim 9 characterised in that said relief (25) of said stem (20) has a shape complementary to said relief (44) provided on each limit switch (36,36').