INSULATION PANEL FOR BUILDING.

Description

INSULATION PANEL FOR BUILDING This invention refers to an insulating panel for buildings. In particular, the invention refers to a panel with thermal, acoustic and humidity insulation properties, typically used for the construction of floors and walls of building structures, such as for the construction of floors or walls of bathrooms, showers, saunas and decorative elements (for example niches) within such environments. There are well-known insulating panels for construction that are typically placed over the screed of a floor, or fixed with screws or nails to aluminum or wooden strips, and are then covered with a walkable and / or finishing surface, such as a layer of tiles, with the interposition, between the panel and the walkable and / or finishing surface and, in the case of placement on a screed, also between the screed and the panel, of a cementitious glue, or cement, in order to firmly bind these components together. For example, there are known insulating panels for buildings which comprise an internal insulating layer, made of extruded polystyrene (XPS), typically having a thickness of a few centimetres, to the two larger faces of which two covering layers are fixed respectively, each comprising a first layer of high density polyethylene (HDPE), fixed to the layer PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 2 internal insulation layers, and a non-woven fabric layer facing away from the internal insulation layer. The high-density polyethylene layers reinforce the internal insulation layer, which, being made of extruded polystyrene, has relatively low flexural strength; the non-woven fabric layers facilitate the panel's attachment to concrete or cement glue. Other known solutions include the presence of additional layers between the internal insulating layer and the non-woven fabric layers. These well-known solutions, although they have numerous advantages, nevertheless have room for improvement. Indeed, the cost of these well-known panels is typically relatively high, particularly due to the high cost of extruded polystyrene (XPS). Furthermore, these well-known panels are relatively heavy, making them relatively difficult to transport and install. The main aim of the present invention is therefore to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, and in particular to obtain an insulating panel for buildings which presents, at least once installed, mechanical and insulation characteristics comparable to the known panels described above, while having lower manufacturing costs. Within the scope of this task, an object of the present invention is to obtain an insulating panel for construction which presents, at least once installed, mechanical and insulation characteristics comparable with the known panels described above, although PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 3 having a lower specific weight. The task and purpose according to the present invention are achieved by an insulating panel for buildings as in claim 1. Other advantageous features of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims. The characteristics and advantages of this invention will become more evident from the following description, which is by way of example and not limiting, referring to the attached schematic drawings in which: - figure 1 is a schematic side view of a first advantageous embodiment of a panel according to the invention; - figure 2 is a schematic top view of the panel of figure 1; - figure 3 is a schematic view from below of the panel of figure 1; - Figure 4 is a schematic side view of an exploded view of the panel of Figure 1; - figure 5 is a schematic side view of a second advantageous embodiment of a panel according to the invention; - figure 6 is a schematic side view of a third advantageous embodiment of a panel according to the invention; - figure 7 is a schematic side view of a fourth advantageous embodiment of a panel according to the invention; - Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of the panel of Figure 7. With reference to the attached figures, the number 1 indicates an insulating panel as a whole. PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 4 for construction according to the invention. According to the invention, the panel 1 comprises a first embossed membrane 2, impermeable to water and steam, comprising in turn a first flat sheet 3 from a first face 3a of which a plurality of first hollow embossments 4 protrude, the interior of which is accessible through respective first openings 5 ​​present on a second face 3b of the first flat sheet 3, opposite the first face 3a. Advantageously, the first dimpled membrane 2 is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or mixtures of these materials. Advantageously, the first bosses 4 have a truncated cone shape; other shapes, for example truncated pyramidal or cylindrical, are however contemplated in the invention. Advantageously, the height of such first bosses 4 is between 2 mm and 25 mm. Advantageously, the thickness of the first flat plate 3 is between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm. Advantageously, the overall thickness (first studs 4 plus first flat sheet 3) of the first studded membrane 2 is between 2.3 mm and 26.5 mm. Preferably, the first openings 5 ​​cover a total of between 25% and 65% of the area of ​​the first flat plate 3, more preferably between 40% and 50% of the area of ​​the first flat plate 3. Advantageously, the first 4 studs are present in a number between 400 and 25,000 studs per m2 of membrane. According to the invention, the panel 1 comprises a second embossed membrane 6, impermeable to water and steam, PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 5 comprising a second flat plate 7 from a third face 7a of which a plurality of second hollow bosses 8 protrude, the interior of which is accessible through respective second openings 9 present on a fourth face 7b of the second flat plate 7, opposite the third face 7a. Advantageously, the second dimpled membrane 6 is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or mixtures of these materials. Advantageously, the second bosses 8 have a truncated conical shape; other shapes, for example truncated pyramidal or cylindrical, are however contemplated in the invention. Advantageously, the height of such second bosses 8 is between 2 mm and 25 mm. Advantageously, the thickness of the second flat plate 7 is between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm. Advantageously, the overall thickness (second studs 8 plus second flat sheet 6) of the second studded membrane 6 is between 2.3 mm and 26.5 mm. Preferably, the second openings 9 cover a total of between 25% and 65% of the area of ​​the second flat plate 6, more preferably between 40% and 50% of the area of ​​the first flat plate 6. Advantageously, the second 8 studs are present in a number between 400 and 25,000 studs per m2 of membrane. According to the invention, first free ends 4a of the first bosses 4 of the first bossed membrane 2 face second free ends 8a of the second bosses 8 of the second bossed membrane 6. It is emphasized that the expression "facing" does not PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 6 implies that the first free ends 4a and second free ends 8a directly face each other, without any further element of the panel 1 between them; in fact, as will be better explained below, the invention contemplates both versions of the panel 1 in which the first free ends 4a are fixed directly to the second free ends 8a, possibly with the interposition of a layer of adhesive, and versions in which one or more further layers of the panel 1 are interposed between the first free ends 4a and the second free ends 8a, distinct both from the first embossed membrane 2 and from the second embossed membrane 6. In other words, saying that the first free ends 4a and the second free ends 8a face each other means saying that they are facing towards the inside of panel 1. It should be emphasized that the layer of air present between the first bosses 4 and between the second bosses 8, inside the panel 1, constitutes a barrier to the passage of heat, which contributes to increasing the thermal insulation properties of the panel 1. Furthermore, according to the invention, the first openings 5 ​​of the first dimpled membrane 4 and the second openings 9 of the second dimpled membrane 6 are in fluid communication with the outside of the panel 1 or, in other words, they are not completely closed by other layers of the panel 1; in this way, during the installation of the panel 1 the cement glue or cement used to fix the panel 1, for example, between the screed of a building, not illustrated, and a walkable surface (for example a layer of tiles), PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 7 also not illustrated, or to fix the panel 1, for example, to a finishing surface (for example a layer of tiles) in the case of using the panel 1 to create a wall or a decorative element (for example a niche) of a building, not illustrated, penetrate into the first openings 5 ​​and / or the second openings 9 (depending on whether the cement glue or cement is applied to one or both faces of the panel 1) and fill respectively the first bosses 4 and / or the second bosses 8 (depending on whether the cement glue or cement is applied to one or both faces of the panel 1). Once solidified inside the respective first bosses 4 and / or second bosses 8, the cement glue or cement makes the structure of the panel 1 particularly resistant to bending, reducing, for example, the risk that the panel 1 deforms under the weight of the walkable and / or decorative surface and of the objects that may be positioned on it. In first advantageous embodiments, such as that illustrated in figure 1, the first free ends 4a of the first bosses 4 are fixed directly to the second free ends 8a of the second bosses 8; it should be emphasized that the expression directly fixed does not exclude the presence of a layer of glue or adhesive between such first free ends 4a and second free ends 8a. Advantageously, the first free ends 4a of the first bosses 4 are fixed directly to the second free ends 8a, for example by gluing or welding. PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 8 In other advantageous embodiments, such as that illustrated in figure 5, the panel 1 comprises one or more laminar layers 10 interposed between the first free ends 4a of the first bosses 4 and the second free ends 8a of the second bosses 8. In advantageous embodiments, the one or more laminar layers may comprise, for example, a polypropylene non-woven fabric and / or a glass fiber mesh. It should be emphasized that the expression laminar layers indicates layers shaped like a thin sheet or membrane, i.e. in which the thickness is less than 1 mm. In other advantageous embodiments, such as those illustrated in figures 6 to 8, the panel 1 comprises one or more layers of expanded or extruded polymeric material 11 interposed between the first free ends 4a of the first bosses 4 and the second free ends 8a of the second bosses 8. Preferably, the expanded or extruded polymer material layer 11 is made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS) or foamed expanded polyethylene (EPE). Advantageously, the thickness of the expanded or extruded polymer material layer 11 is between 6 mm and 50 mm. In other advantageous embodiments, not illustrated, the panel 1 comprises, between the first free ends 4a of the first bosses 4 and the second free ends 8a of the second bosses 8, one or more layers of expanded or extruded polymeric material 11, and one or more laminar layers 10. In further advantageous embodiments, such as PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 9 for example the one illustrated in figures 7 and 8, the panel 1 comprises a first layer of mesh 12 fixed to the second face 3b of the first dimpled membrane 2 in such a way as to leave the first openings 5 ​​in fluid communication with the outside of the panel 1. Advantageously, this first net 12 is made of polyethylene, polypropylene or fibreglass. Advantageously, the first mesh 12 has a thickness of less than 1.5 mm. Advantageously, the first mesh 12 is fixed to the second face 3b by gluing or welding. This first network 12 increases the bending resistance of the panel 1 without reducing the tenacity of the fixing of the panel 1 to the cement glue or cement used to fix the panel 1 to a walkable and / or finishing surface and, in the case of positioning on a screed, also to the screed. In further advantageous embodiments, such as that illustrated in figures 7 and 8, the panel 1 comprises a second layer of mesh 13 fixed to the fourth face 7b of the second dimpled membrane 6 in such a way as to leave the second openings 9 in fluid communication with the outside of the panel 1. Advantageously, the second mesh 13 has a thickness of less than 1.5 mm. Advantageously, the second mesh 13 is fixed to the fourth face 7b by gluing or welding. This second mesh 13 increases the bending resistance of the panel 1 without reducing the tenacity of the fixing of the panel 1 to the cement glue or cement used to fix the panel 1 to a PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 10 walkable and / or finishing surface and, in the case of positioning on a screed, also on the screed. It has thus been found that the invention solves the task and aims stated above, since, thanks to the presence of the first and second bosses (respectively of the first and second bossed membrane made of a material impermeable to water and steam), whose respective first and second free ends face each other, and therefore turn towards the inside of the panel, layers of air are created inside the panel which hinder the passage of heat; in this way it is possible to obtain a panel with a high degree of thermal insulation even without necessarily having to use a layer of expanded polymeric material, or in any case being able to use a layer of expanded polymeric material of a thinner thickness, and therefore of a lower cost, compared to the known solutions described above. The overall cost of the panel according to the invention, with the same thermal and humidity insulation, is therefore lower than the known solutions described above. To this end, the applicant has conducted comparative tests between an advantageous embodiment of the panel according to the invention and the panels present in the prior art. In particular, the following samples were compared: Sample 1 (known art) A panel made only of extruded polystyrene (XPS) with a density of 30kg / m3 and a thickness PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 11 total equal to 12.7 mm Sample 2 (known art) A panel with an overall thickness of 12.7 mm, which presents the following stratigraphy: - external layer in non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.4 mm; - 300 g / m2 polyethylene layer with a thickness of 0.35 mm; - extruded polystyrene (XPS) layer with a density of 30kg / m3 and a thickness of 11.2 mm; - polyethylene layer with a density of 300 g / m2 and a thickness of 0.35 mm; - external layer in non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.4 mm. Sample 3 (known art) A panel with an overall thickness of 12.7 mm, which presents the following stratigraphy: - external layer in non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.35 mm; - polyethylene layer with a thickness of 0.1 mm; - paper layer with a thickness of 0.25 mm; - extruded polystyrene (XPS) layer with a density of 30kg / m3 and a thickness of 11.4 mm; - paper layer with a thickness of 0.25 mm - polyethylene layer with a thickness of 0.1 mm; - external layer in non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.35 m. Sample 4 (example of a panel according to the invention) Panel with an overall thickness of 12.7 mm which PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 12 presents the following stratigraphy: - dimpled membrane made of high-density polyethylene, with a number of dimples equal to 2500 per square metre and a thickness of 3 mm; - 6.7 mm thick extruded polystyrene (XPS) layer; - dimpled membrane made of high-density polyethylene, with a number of dimples equal to 2500 per square metre and a thickness of 3 mm. These samples were subjected to a measurement, carried out according to the reference standard UNI EN ISO 12667, of the thermal conductivity at 20°C and of the thermal resistance R using a LaserComp 300 type heat flow meter. These measures revealed the following: Sample 1 (known art): Thermal conductivity at 20°C: 0.030 W / mK Thermal resistance R: 0.42 m2K / W Sample 2 (known art): Thermal conductivity at 20°C: 0.034 W / mK Thermal resistance R: 0.37 m2K / W Sample 3 (known art): Thermal conductivity at 20°C: 0.035 W / mK Thermal resistance R: 0.36 m2K / W Sample 4 (example of a panel according to the invention): Thermal conductivity at 20°C: 0.034 W / mK Thermal resistance R: 0.37 m2K / W PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 13 These comparative tests have demonstrated that the example of a panel made according to the invention has thermal insulation characteristics (represented by its thermal conductivity at 20°C and its thermal resistance, measured according to the UNI EN ISO 12667 standard) comparable to those of known panels, despite using a significantly lower thickness of extruded polystyrene, and therefore having a lower cost. Furthermore, thanks to the fact that the first and second access openings are in fluid communication with the outside of the panel, during installation the cement glue or cement used to secure the panel penetrates these first and / or second openings and fills the first and / or second bosses respectively (depending on whether the cement glue or cement is applied to one or both faces of the panel); once solidified inside the respective first and / or second bosses, the cement glue or cement makes the structure of the panel, once installed, particularly resistant to bending.Thanks to the presence of cement glue or solidified cement inside the first and / or second bosses, the mechanical characteristics, in particular the flexural strength, of the panel, once installed, are comparable, or even superior, to the known panels described above (for which the flexural strength is not influenced by the presence of cement glue or cement, but is linked only to the type of materials used), even though the panel itself, thanks to the presence of the hollow bosses, has a specific weight. PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 14 lower (and therefore easier to transport and install) than such known panels. Finally, it is clear that the panel according to the invention is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, all five of which fall within the scope of the invention; furthermore, all details can be replaced with technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials used, as well as the dimensions, may be any depending on technical requirements.

Claims

CLAIMS 1) Insulating panel (1) for building, comprising: - a first dimpled membrane (2), impermeable to water and vapour, comprising a first flat sheet (3) from a first face (3a) of which protrude a plurality of first hollow dimples (4), the interior of which is accessible through respective first openings (5) present on a second face (3b) of said first flat sheet (3), opposite to said first face (3a); - a second dimpled membrane (6), impermeable to water and vapour, comprising a second flat sheet (7) from a third face (7a) of which protrude a plurality of second hollow dimples (8), the interior of which is accessible through respective second openings (9) present on a fourth face (7b) of said second flat sheet (7), opposite to said third face (7a);which is characterised by the fact that the first free ends (4a) of said first bosses (4) of said first bossed membrane (2) are facing the second free ends (8a) of said second bosses (8) of said second bossed membrane (6) and that said first openings (5) of said first bossed membrane (4) and said second openings (9) of said second bossed membrane (6) are in fluid communication with the outside of said panel (1).; 2) Panel (1), as in claim 1, wherein said first dimpled membrane (2) is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or a mixture of such materials. 3) Panel (1), as per a previous claim, PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo - 16 wherein said second embossed membrane (6) is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or a mixture of such materials. 4) Panel (1), as in a previous claim, wherein said first free ends (4a) of said first bosses (4) are fixed directly to said second free ends (8a) of said second bosses (8). 5) Panel (1), as in claim 1 to 3, comprising one or more laminar layers (10) interposed between said first free ends (4a) of said first bosses (4) and said second free ends (8a) of said second bosses (8). 6) Panel (1), as in claim 5, wherein said one or more laminar layers (10) comprise a non-woven polypropylene fabric and / or a glass fibre mesh. 7) Panel (1), as claimed in claim 1 or 3, or in claim 5 or 6, comprising one or more layers of expanded or extruded polymeric material (11) interposed between said first free ends (4a) of said first bosses (4) and said second free ends (8a) of said second bosses (8). 8) Panel (1), as in claim 7, wherein said layer of expanded or extruded polymeric material (11) is made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS). 9) Panel (1), as in a previous claim, comprising a first layer of mesh (12) fixed to said second face (3b) of said first dimpled membrane (2) in such a way as to leave said first openings (5) in fluid communication with the outside of said panel (1). PF / A140991 Barzanò & Zanardo 10) Panel (1), as per a previous claim, comprising a second layer of mesh (13) fixed to said fourth face (7b) of said second dimpled membrane (6) in such a way as to leave said 5 second openings (9) in fluid communication with the outside of said panel (1).