PROCEDURE FOR MEETING A DURABILITY REQUIREMENT FOR A BATTERY OF A VEHICLE HAVING AN ELECTRIC TRACTION MOTOR AND A CORRESPONDING BATTERY

Description

DESCRIPTION of the industrial invention entitled: “Procedure for satisfying a durability requirement of a battery of a vehicle having an electric motor of traction and corresponding battery” by: Maserati SpA, Italian nationality, Viale Ciro Menotti 322, 41121 Modena (MO) Designated inventors: Francesco RIBEZZO, Matthieu PLANTIER, Felix EITEL Filed on: August 30, 2024 **** DESCRIPTION TEXT Field of invention The embodiments of this description are refer to procedures to satisfy a requirement of durability of a REESS (so-called, “Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System”), for example, a battery, including in a vehicle having an electric traction motor, for for example, a PEV (“Pure Electric Vehicle”). In particular, various forms of implementation of the This description concerns solutions for estimating a energy reserve value at the beginning of the life of that REESS, for example, a minimum energy reserve value. Known technique Battery wear in electric vehicles causes a reduction of the maximum energy that can be extracted from such batteries. This reduction is due to several factors, among which one of the most relevant is related to cell aging of the batteries. This phenomenon has a direct impact on the customer final, which will notice a progressive reduction in autonomy of the vehicle over time. Therefore, various regulatory bodies are evaluating the introduction of specific requirements to push the producers to adopt measures that limit this phenomenon, in order to make electric vehicles more durable. These requirements must be guaranteed in specific vehicle life intervals (for example, 8 years or 160,000 km, depending on which of the two limits is reached first). The use of an energy reserve at the beginning of life would be a potentially effective measure in order to reduce the risk of non-compliance when compared with others corrective actions which may concern, for example, hardware modifications, system calibration battery cooling, and / or similar. Known solutions do not provide procedures for the sizing of an energy reserve at the beginning of life, at in order to meet a battery durability requirement included in vehicles having an electric traction motor, for example, PEV vehicles. Therefore, solutions that allow you to satisfy a durability requirement for batteries included in vehicles having an electric traction motor, in particular, in PEV vehicles, without making any hardware changes could be advantageous for an adaptation to the requirements introduced by these regulatory bodies in a more quickly and to avoid complexity and additional costs of design, reusing these solutions on different types of batteries. Purpose of the invention The purpose of the invention is to solve technical problems previously mentioned. In particular, the purpose of the invention is to provide a process for satisfying a requirement durability of a battery of a vehicle having an engine electric traction, in particular, in PEV vehicles, through a process of estimating an energy reserve at the beginning of the battery's life. Summary of the invention The purpose of the invention is achieved by a process having the characteristics forming the object of the claims that follow, which form part integral to the technical teaching administered here in relation to the invention. One or more embodiments refer to a corresponding battery. Brief description of the figures The invention will now be described with reference to the attached figures, provided purely as an example, do not limiting, where: - figures 1 to 3 are exemplary graphs that illustrate the evolution of a discharge depth of the battery over time and a consequent variation in value of state of charge according to the forms of implementation of this description; and - Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary procedure for determining a value of energy reserve capable of meeting a requirement battery durability according to embodiments of the present description. Detailed description In the following description, one or more are illustrated specific details, in order to provide an understanding in-depth analysis of examples of implementation forms of this description. The embodiments can be obtained without one or more of the specific details or with other processes, components, materials, etc. In other cases, Known operations, materials or structures are not illustrated or described in detail so that certain aspects of the forms of implementation will not be made unclear. A reference to “a form of implementation” in the framework of this description intends to indicate that a particular configuration, structure, or feature described with reference to the form of implementation is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, sentences like “in an embodiment” or similar that may be present in one or more points of this description not they necessarily refer to the same form of implementation. Furthermore, particular configurations, structures or features can be combined in a suitable way any in one or more embodiments. The references used here are provided simply for convenience and therefore do not define the scope of protection or the scope of the forms of implementation. In all the figures attached hereto and in all the detailed description that follows, unless the context indicate otherwise, the parts or similar elements are indicated with similar references / numbers and a description corresponding will not be repeated for brevity. Please note that the solutions described here can be apply to any vehicle having an electric motor of PEV traction, that is, to any vehicle that uses only electricity to move, and comprising one or more electric batteries configured for be loaded from systems external to the vehicle. Please note that solutions such as those described here can be apply to one or more batteries included in a vehicle having a PEV electric traction motor. As previously described, solutions according to the This description aims to satisfy a durability requirement for batteries included in vehicles having an electric traction motor, in particular, in PEV vehicles, without making any hardware changes in order to comply with the requirements introduced by institutions regulators more quickly, avoiding complexity and costs design add-ons, and getting the benefit of to be able to reuse these solutions with different types of batteries. The solutions as described here concern a process for meeting a durability requirement, in particular, expressed through the SOCE metric (cd, “State of Certified Energy”), of a vehicle battery having an electric traction motor, in particular, of a PEV vehicle, through the estimation of a reserve value of energy at the beginning of the vehicle battery's life. Note that this durability requirement is expressed with respect to a moment of end of interval (cd, “End of Interval” (EoI) defined with respect to the moment of beginning of life, for example, a moment corresponding to a given period of time time, for example, 8 years, after the moment of beginning of life and / or a moment corresponding to the achievement of a certain amount of kilometers, for example, 160,000 km, paths from that moment of beginning of life. Note that the SOCE metric corresponds to the UBE (cd, “Usable Battery Energy” – Battery Energy (usable) measured or estimated at a specific point in time of the vehicle's life and expressed as a percentage of the UBE certified. Note that REESS can be subject to phenomena of wear generated by aging related to cycles of charge and discharge and from calendar aging (e.g. REESS lithium ion batteries), which are progressively becoming reduce the amount of energy that can be extracted from REESS. Therefore, as previously described, various entities regulators are considering introducing requirements relating to battery durability, that is, to the duration of the REESS, which consist of minimum SOCE values ​​to be guarantee in specific intervals of the vehicle's life (for example, 8 years / 160,000 km depending on which of the two limits spade reached first). In case the aging forecasts of the REESS show a high risk of non-compliance compared to established minimum SOCE requirements, for example, by a regulatory body or a company that wants to comply an internal requirement or because it is requested by a particular application, it is possible to evaluate the use of an energy reserve at the beginning of the vehicle's life as corrective action. Therefore, forms of implementation of this description refers to procedures for increasing SOCE values ​​(so-called “State of Certified Energy” - State of Certified Energy) of a REESS (so-called, “Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System” – storage device of Rechargeable Electricity), for example, a battery, present in a PEV vehicle (cd, “Pure Electric Vehicle” – Pure Electric Vehicle) or a vehicle that uses only electrical energy to move, without the use of fossil fuels or other sources of energy. Note that the use of an energy reserve at beginning of life involves the reduction of the autonomy of the vehicle, therefore, it would be advantageous to limit the value of reserve at the beginning of life to what is strictly necessary for ensure compliance with SOCE minimum requirements established, that is, by limiting this energy reserve at the beginning life at this minimum value of the energy reserve at the beginning battery life. In particular, various forms of implementation of the This description concerns solutions for estimating a minimum value of this energy reserve at the beginning of the life of the battery included in a PEV vehicle, that is, the minimum quantity of energy reserve at the beginning of life which allows ensure that a minimum express requirement is achieved via the SOCE metric. Therefore, solutions as described here have the aim of providing a process to satisfy a durability requirement of a battery, i.e., of a REESS, of a vehicle having an electric traction motor, in particular, of a PEV vehicle, through a sizing of the value of an energy reserve at the beginning of life that allows you to obtain a minimum energy reserve value at the beginning of life able to meet minimum requirements of durability, for example, minimum SOCE requirements, issued by regulatory bodies or determined on the basis of others goals. Note that this minimum energy reserve value at beginning of life can be determined based on predictions relating to battery life made via aging models calibrated, for example, with data experimental. Solutions as described here use a value of depth of discharge DoD (cd, “Depth of Discharge”) for change a percentage of energy that can be delivered by a battery, such battery being configured to deliver to beginning of life (cd, “Beginning of Life” - BoL) a date percentage of energy that is less than the maximum deliverable energy. The energy that is not released at the beginning of life by the battery, that is, the difference between the maximum energy deliverable and the given percentage of energy delivered at the beginning life, corresponds to an energy reserve at the beginning of life which can be released during the life of the battery in so as to compensate, in part, for the aging of such drums. This release of the energy reserve is therefore performed by increasing the discharge depth value of the DoD battery (cd, “Depth of Discharge”). Note that the release of the energy reserve to beginning of life must be completed before the end time interval (cd, “End of Interval” - EoI) so as to meet this battery life requirement. For example, note that such release of the reserve of energy at the beginning of life can be made by a system battery management (cd, “Battery Management System” - BMS). The variables used will be listed below in the following description, therefore, these variables will be described here and a description of them will not be repeated in correspondence with their use. A first variable considered corresponds to a median value of available battery energy at beginning of life TE, i.e. a median value of energy BoL-50% of the battery that takes into account variability related to the amount of energy extractable from different batteries obtained through the same production process, such variability being due to the production process itself, to the package of batteries considered, under storage conditions, to ambient temperature, to the management logistics of the battery, or similar. An additional variable considered corresponds to a value of battery energy available at the start life and corresponding to the nth percentile of coverage TE statistics, for example, where the value of n BoL-n% It could be 50% or a higher value, for example, 95% (thus increasing the statistical coverage compared to the median value), such statistical coverage being considered in order to take into account the variability relating to the amount of energy that can be extracted from different batteries obtained through the same production process, such variability being due to the production process same, to the battery pack considered, under the conditions of storage, at ambient temperature, at logistics battery management, or similar. An additional variable considered corresponds to an installed battery energy IBE (cd, “Installed Battery Energy”), that is, to a theoretical energy value of the drums. The installed battery energy IBE refers to to the total amount of energy a battery can store when fully charged and considering an ideal DoD depth of discharge value of 100%. In fact, in the evaluation of battery energy IBE installed, no factors relating to losses are considered of efficiency and the restrictions and / or limitations set by the system. An additional variable considered corresponds to SYSBoL battery system efficiency at the beginning of life. An additional variable considered corresponds to an efficiency of the SYS battery system at that time of EoI end of EoI interval. An additional variable considered corresponds to a Energy reserve value at the beginning of life RES BoL implemented in the battery of a PEV vehicle. This value of energy reserve at the beginning of life RES BoL corresponds to the energy that is not released at the beginning of life from the battery, that is, to an energy that cannot be used at all beginning of life, and which will be released over time to compensate partly the aging of the battery. This energy reserve at the beginning of RES life can be BoL obtained by reducing the depth value of DoD download at the beginning of life compared to a value of reference corresponding to a maximum deliverable energy from the battery. An additional variable considered corresponds to one SOH battery capacity health status C-EoI relative to that EoI interval end moment and calculated, for example, through a calibrated aging model using experimental test results. An additional variable considered corresponds to one certified energy status SOC relating to that moment e-EoI at the end of the EoI interval and which must be such as to satisfy the battery durability requirement defined by a minimum value of SOCE, defined as 𝑅 (cd, 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 “Minimum Performance Requirement” - Performance Requirement Minimum). This minimum requirement 𝑅 can be established 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 from a regulatory body or a company that wants to define a own internal requirement. An additional variable considered corresponds to a internal margin IM%, i.e. an applicable safety margin to this minimum requirement of battery life 𝑅 in order to define a target duration of the 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 battery, that is, a duration that allows to satisfy this minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 with 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 a margin equal to such internal margin IM%. An additional variable considered corresponds to a correction factor CF%, i.e. a correction factor applicable to this median value of the energy of the battery at the beginning of TE life in order to estimate the value BoL-50% corresponding to the nth percentile of coverage TE statistics. BoL-n% An additional variable considered corresponds to a percentage value of energy reserve at the beginning of life RES%, this percentage value of the energy reserve at start of life RES% being corresponding to the energy, expressed as a percentage of the corresponding value at the nth percentile of statistical energy coverage of the TE battery, which is not supplied at the beginning of its life BoL-n% from the battery and which is released over time to partially compensate for the aging of this battery. An additional variable considered corresponds to a minimum percentage value of energy reserve at the beginning RES*% life capable of allowing the achievement of a compliance with a duration requirement 𝑅, including 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 possibly also the internal margin IM%; this minimum 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 percentage value of energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*% being corresponding to energy, it is expressed in percentage with respect to the value corresponding to the nth percentile of statistical coverage of the energy of the TE battery. BoL-n% This minimum percentage value of energy reserve at start of life to meet RES*% durability requirements can be obtained based on the health status of the battery capacity SOH relative to that moment of C-EoI end of EoI interval and minimum durability requirement of the battery 𝑅 . 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 Therefore, this minimum percentage value of reserve of Energy at the beginning of life RES*% is obtained as a function of (at least) this minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 , possibly including this internal margin 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 IM%, and such state of health of the battery capacity SOHC-EoI, for example, as a function of a ratio between such SOH battery capacity health status and such C-EoI minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 , 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 possibly including such internal margin IM%. An additional variable considered corresponds to a maximum depth of discharge of the battery at the beginning of its life DoD does not consider the presence of a possible reserve BoL of energy. An additional variable considered corresponds to a maximum relative DoD battery depth of discharge EoI at that moment of end of EoI interval, being therefore a measure of an amount of charge that can be removed from the battery. Note that this depth of discharge of the battery DoD relating to that EoI interval end time is EoI different from this depth of discharge of the battery to 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 DoD start of life if a strategy is present BoL battery life cycle management (cd, “Life Cycle Management” - LCM). Battery life cycle management strategies (cd, “Life Cycle Management” - LCM) can be used to limit, for example, the maximum value of state of charge (cd, “State Of Charge” - SOC), that is, the maximum battery charge level compared to its capacity, in order to reduce the risk of events that may compromise the safety of the vehicle and / or a rapid deterioration of the battery, i.e., of the REESS, induced by aging phenomena. A final variable considered corresponds to a reduced battery discharge depth available at DoD start of life, obtained by considering the presence of BoL-res a minimum energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*% sufficient to achieve compliance with the duration requirement, being therefore a measure of a amount of charge that can be drawn from the battery also considering the energy reserve. The median value of battery energy available at the beginning of life TE can be calculated BoL-50% through the following equation: 𝑇𝐸 = 𝐼𝐵𝐸 ∙ 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 50% 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐵𝑜𝐿 where this median value of battery energy available at the beginning of TE life and battery energy BoL-50% installed IBE can be expressed in kilowatt hours (kWh); while, the depth of discharge of the battery at the beginning DoD life and battery system efficiency at the beginning BoL SYS life can be expressed as a percentage (%). BoL 𝐷𝑜 Similarly, it is possible to obtain a value of a battery energy available at that moment of end of TE interval using the following equation: EoI 𝑇𝐸 = 𝐼𝐵𝐸 ∙ 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 where such value of battery energy available in this end-of-interval TE moment can be expressed in EoI kilowatt-hour (kWh); while, the depth of discharge of the battery related to that DoD interval end time, EoI the efficiency of the battery system at that time SYS interval end and capacity health status EoI of the battery relative to that end-of-interval moment SOH can be expressed as a percentage (%). C-EoI Note that both here and in the following description, the units of measurement of variables (or their expression in percentage) for which a corresponding unit of measurement is already been provided (or for which it has already been said that they are expressed as a percentage) will not be repeated so as to do not burden this description; therefore, yes they consider the units of measurement (or the expression) to be valid percentage) already described above. The correction factor CF% can be calculated through the following equation: 𝑇𝐸 𝐵𝑜𝐿−% 𝑛 𝐶𝐹 % = 1 − 𝑇𝐸 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 50% where such value of battery energy corresponding to the nth percentile of coverage TE statistics can be expressed in kilowatt hours (kWh); BoL-n% it follows that the percentage 𝐶𝐹 % can only assume values ​​greater than or equal to zero, that is, 𝐶𝐹 % ≥ 0, since 𝑇𝐸 and 𝑇𝐸 are both positive quantities with 𝐵𝑜𝐿−% 𝑛 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 50% 𝑇𝐸 ≤ 𝑇𝐸 . 𝐵𝑜𝐿−% 𝑛 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 50% 𝐷𝑜 The percentage value of the energy reserve at the beginning RES% life can be defined using the following relationship: 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝑆𝑅% 𝐸 = 𝑇𝐸 𝐵𝑜𝐿−% 𝑛 where also this value of the energy reserve at the beginning life 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 can be expressed in kilowatt hours (kWh); being 𝐵𝑜𝐿 the percentage 𝑆% 𝑅𝐸 obtained from the quantity ratio positive, can only assume values ​​greater than or equal to zero, that is, 𝑆% 𝑅𝐸 ≥ 0 (𝑆% 𝑅𝐸 = 0 for 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 = 0). 𝐵𝑜𝐿 Therefore, by the above definitions, it is it is possible to define the relative certified energy status at that time of end of SOC interval using the e-EoI following equation: 𝑇𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 = 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑇𝐸 ∙ (1 − 𝑆%) 𝑅𝐸 ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 50% which can be rewritten as: 𝐼𝐵𝐸 ∙ 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 = 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐼𝐵𝐸 ∙ 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ (1 − 𝑆𝑅%) 𝐸 ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐵𝑜𝐿 and, therefore: 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 = 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ (1 − 𝑆%) 𝑅𝐸 ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐵𝑜𝐿 To meet this minimum durability requirement of the battery 𝑅, the following is considered 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 relation: 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 = ≥ 𝑅 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ (1 − 𝑆%) 𝑅𝐸 ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐵𝑜𝐿 and, if we also consider the internal margin IM%, this relationship becomes: 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 = ≥ 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 % 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝐷 ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ∙ (1 − 𝑆%) 𝑅𝐸 ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐵𝑜𝐿 where this minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 is expressed in (%). 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 Therefore, it is possible to obtain the minimum value percentage of energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*% in able to meet the minimum durability requirement of the battery 𝑅 using the following formula: 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝐷 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − ∙ ∙ 𝐷 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ( 𝑅 ) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 which, in case the internal margin is also considered IM%, becomes: 𝐷 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − ∙ ∙ 𝐷 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 Therefore, through this formula it is possible to obtain the estimate of the minimum percentage value of energy reserve at start of life RES*% which allows you to obtain, at the end of a default range that ends at that EoI end-of-interval moment, an energy state SOC certified equal to the minimum durability requirement e-EoI of the battery 𝑅 or the minimum durability requirement 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 of the battery 𝑅 plus the internal margin IM% if it is 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 also consider this internal margin IM%. Note that the term relating to the correction factor CF% is zero if this value of battery energy corresponding to the nth percentile of coverage TE statistic is equal to the median value of the energy of the BoL-n% TE battery. BoL-50% Please note that, although in the following description it is consider expressions that take the margin into account internal IM%, you can easily adapt this description also to expressions that do not contain such internal margin IM% (simply removing that contribution). 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 Note that the depth of discharge of the battery reduced available at the beginning of life 𝐷 can be 𝐵𝑜𝐿−𝑠𝑟𝑒 obtained through the following formula: ∗ 𝐷 = 𝐷 ∙ (1 − 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿−𝑠𝑟𝑒 𝐵𝑜𝐿 where such reduced battery discharge depth available at the beginning of DoD life can be expressed in BoL-res percentage (%). Therefore, we can obtain the following equation: 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐷 = 𝐷 ∙ ∙ 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 Note that it is possible to simplify the above equations in case the efficiency of the battery system at the beginning of SYS life is equal to the system efficiency BoL battery related to that SYSEoI interval end time, that is, considering that the reduction in efficiency of the battery during the life cycle of that battery is negligible: 𝐷 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − ∙ 𝐷 ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐷 = 𝐷 ∙ 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝐼𝐸 ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 Note that it is also possible to simplify the previous ones equations in case there is no strategy LCM, that is, in the case where the discharge depth of the battery at the beginning of its life 𝐷 is equal to the depth of 𝐵𝑜𝐿 battery discharge related to that end time interval 𝐷 : 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − ∙ 𝑆𝑌 𝑆 ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐵𝑜𝐿 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 Note that in case both simplifications are considered simultaneously, that is, in the case in which 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 both of the above conditions occur described, the following equations can be obtained: 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐷 = 𝐷 ∙ 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝐼𝐸 ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) ∙ (1 − 𝐶𝐹 %) 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 Note that if the term relating to the factor of CF% correction is zero, you can get the following equations: 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝑆𝑂 𝐻 𝐶−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝐷 = 𝐷 ∙ 𝐵𝑜𝐿− 𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝐼𝐸 ( 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %) 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 Furthermore, if the value of this energy state certified at that time of end of interval 𝑆𝑂𝐶 is already 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 greater than or equal to this minimum durability requirement of the battery 𝑅, possibly also considering 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 the internal margin IM% (𝑆𝑂𝐶 ≥ 𝑀𝑃𝑅 or 𝑆𝑂𝐶 ≥ 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑂𝑆𝐶𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 (𝑀𝑃𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 %), then an energy reserve is not 𝑂𝑆𝐶𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 necessary to meet this minimum requirement of ∗ battery life 𝑅 and therefore 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 0. 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 Figure 1 is an example graph 10 illustrating the evolution of a DoD battery depth of discharge in time t and a consequent variation of the state value of SoC charging according to embodiments of this description. Note that in the example graph 10 of figure 1 there is no For simplicity's sake, the presence of a LCM strategy, therefore, the maximum discharge depth of the available DoD battery is considered constant during the life of the vehicle battery. 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 Also, note that such exemplary graph 10 of figure 1 consider a situation where the forecasts of REESS aging shows a high risk of non-conformity of the certified energy status value relative to that moment of end of SOC interval with respect to e-EoI to the minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 defined through the SOCE metric. Therefore, a minimum reserve of energy at the beginning of life RES*%, and, corresponding to this moment of the beginning of BoL life, there is a reduction in the corresponding DoD discharge depth of a quantity proportional to the capacity of this minimum energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*%. In response to the reduction in discharge depth of the battery at the beginning of DoD life up to the value of the BoL reduced battery discharge depth at the beginning of life DoD, SoC state of charge is reduced at beginning of life BoL-res from a maximum SoC value to a reduced SoC value max-BoL max-BoL- to consider the presence of the minimum reserve of rest energy at start of life RES*%. You can get the depth value of reduced battery discharge at the beginning of DoD life: BoL-res - (see, for example, the exemplary graph 10 of Figure 1) going to reduce the SOC to a SOC value max max-BoL- , rest (see, for example, the exemplary graph 20 of - Figure 2) going to increase the SOC to a SOC value min min- , and / or BoL-res - (see, for example, the exemplary graph 40 of Figure 3) by intervening on both parameters that is, reduce the SOC to a SOC value and max max-BoL-res increase the SOC to a SOC value. min min-BoL-res 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 Therefore, at the beginning of life, the value of the state of SoC charge may vary: - (see, for example, the exemplary graph 10 of Figure 1) between a minimum SoC state of charge value and min-BoL such a reduced state of charge SoC, max-BoL-res - (see, for example, the exemplary graph 20 of Figure 2) between a minimum SoC state of charge value min-BoL- and such reduced state of charge SoC, and / or max res - (see, for example, the exemplary graph 40 of Figure 3) between a minimum SoC state of charge value min-BoL- and such a reduced state of charge SoC. res max-BoL-res As the values ​​of time t increase with respect to the moment of the beginning of life BoL, the depth of discharge DoD of the battery is increased to partially compensate the expected aging, progressively releasing the minimum energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*%. In fact, the release of the minimum energy reserve to beginning of life RES*% is associated with the progressive increase of the battery depth of discharge DoD that compensates in REESS aging begins. This increase in DoD discharge depth continues until the value of the is reached original discharge depth, that is, the value of the maximum depth of discharge of the battery at the beginning of its life Original DoD. Please note that the full release of the minimum reserve of energy at the beginning of life RES*% must occur before the end of EoI interval moment (or at such moment of end of interval EoI) to which the minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 . 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 Please note that if such release of the minimum reserve of Energy at start of life RES*% has not been completed before (or 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 corresponding to the end of the EoI interval, not the capacity of this energy reserve is exploited in its entirety and, therefore, it would not be possible to satisfy the minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 . 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 For example, such a release of the minimum reserve of energy at the beginning of life RES*%, that is, the progressive Increased battery depth of discharge (DoD) as it ages, it can be managed through a system battery management (cd, “Battery Management System” - BMS) or via a vehicle control unit, or similar. Figure 4 is a 30 flowchart, starting in a step starting at 300 and ending at a step ending at 310, which illustrates an exemplary procedure for determining a energy reserve value RES*% capable of satisfying a battery durability requirement 𝑅 according to 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 embodiments of this description. Such procedure 30 may comprise a block of determination of variables 302 which can be configured to receive this minimum durability requirement of the battery 𝑅 and, possibly, the margin 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 internal IM%, to determine a plurality of PV variables (or to recover them from external elements and / or to contain them in memory), and to provide such plurality of PV variables and this minimum battery life requirement 𝑅, possibly associated with the internal margin IM%, 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 to a 304 comparison block. Note that such a plurality of PV variables can understand the variables to use to calculate the minimum percentage value of energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*%, such plurality of variables being determined in 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 based on the relationship considered for this calculation between the relationships described above. Such plurality of PV variables may include the state of battery capacity health related to that SOH interval end moment and maximum depth C-EoI of battery discharge at that end-of-interval time DoD . EoI For example, if the term relating to the factor of CF% correction is not zero, such a plurality of variables PV may further include such correction factor CF%. For example, if there is an LCM strategy, such plurality of PV variables can further include the maximum depth of discharge of the battery at the beginning of its life DoD, which is different from the depth of discharge of the BoL battery related to that DoD interval end time. EoI For example, if we consider a reduction of battery efficiency over time, such plurality of PV variables can further understand the efficiency of the battery system at the beginning of life SYS and the efficiency of the BoL battery system relative to that end-of-interval moment SYS . EoI Note that such a plurality of PV variables can further understand the variables to use for calculate the value of the certified energy state relative to that moment of end of interval SOC, for e-EoI for example, according to the relationship described above. For example, such a value of the energy state certified relating to that time of end of SOC interval And- can be obtained with one of the formulas previously EoI described, therefore, such a plurality of PV variables can include one or more variables between the depth of discharge of the battery relating to that end-of-interval moment DoD, the battery system efficiency relative to that EoI SYS interval end time, the health status of the EoI battery capacity SOH relative to that moment of C-EoI end of EoI interval, the battery's depth of discharge at the beginning of DoDBoL life, the efficiency of the battery system SYS start of life, the percentage value of the reserve BoL energy at the beginning of life RES%, and the correction factor CF%. Please note that this percentage value of the reserve of Energy at start of life RES% is initially set to a value equal to zero, so as not to consider a reserve and verify whether this minimum requirement of durability of the battery 𝑅 is satisfied with the battery even without 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 the use of this reserve. The 304 comparison block can be configured to receive such plurality of PV variables and such requirement minimum battery life 𝑅, possibly 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 associated with the internal margin IM%, from the block of determination of variables 302. This 304 comparison block can be configured to determine, for example, through relative forecasts as the battery ages, the value of the state of certified energy relating to that end time SOC range and to compare that value to the state e-EoI of certified energy determined SOC with the requirement e-EoI minimum battery life 𝑅 defined 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 via the SOCE metric, possibly added to the margin internal IM%. If this value of the certified energy status relative to that moment of end of interval SOC (calculated e-EoI considering an energy reserve at the beginning of life RES% paria (zero) is greater than or equal to this minimum requirement of 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 battery life 𝑅, possibly added 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 at the internal margin IM%, that is if: 𝑆𝑂𝐶 ≥ 𝑀𝑃𝑅 or 𝑆𝑂𝐶 ≥ 𝑀𝑃𝑅 + 𝐼𝑀 % 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑂𝑆𝐶𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑂𝑆𝐶𝑒−𝑜𝐼𝐸 then an energy reserve is not required to satisfy this minimum battery life requirement 𝑅, possibly also considering the margin 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 internal IM%, therefore, we proceed, following the indicated branch with reference Y in figure 4, towards a first block of reserve calculation 308. Otherwise, if such value of the energy state certified relating to that time of end of SOC interval And- is less than this minimum durability requirement of the EoI battery 𝑅, possibly added to the internal margin 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 IM%, an energy reserve is required to meet this minimum battery life requirement 𝑅 , 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 possibly also considering the internal margin IM%, therefore, we proceed, following the branch indicated with the reference N in figure 4, towards a second block of reserve calculation 306, for example, also sending this plurality of PV variables and this minimum requirement of battery life 𝑅, possibly associated 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 to the internal margin IM%, to this second calculation block of the reserve 306 via the branch indicated with N. The first calculation block of the reserve 308 can be configured: - to set this minimum percentage value of the ∗ energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*% to zero, i.e., 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 0, - to set the depth value of reduced battery discharge at the beginning of DoDBoL-res life 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 value of the maximum depth of discharge of the battery start of life DoD, i.e., DoD = DoD, e BoL BoL-res BoL - to finish the procedure 30, continuing to end step 310. The second calculation block of the reserve 306 can be configured: - to calculate the minimum percentage value of energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*% through one of the relationships previously described, - to calculate the depth value of reduced battery discharge at the beginning of DoD life BoL-res through one of the relationships previously described, and - to finish the procedure 30, continuing to end step 310. For example, this second block of calculation of the reserve 306 can be configured to implement the following relationships: 𝐻 𝐻 𝐶−𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝐶−𝐸𝑜𝐼 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − and 𝐷 = 𝐷 ∙ 𝐵𝑜𝐿−𝑠𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝐼𝐸 𝑅 𝑅 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 or 𝐻 𝐻 𝐶−𝐸𝑜𝐼 𝐶−𝐸𝑜𝐼 ∗ 𝑅𝐸 𝑆 % = 1 − and 𝐷 = 𝐷 ∙ 𝐵𝑜𝐿−𝑠𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝐼𝐸 ( 𝑅 +𝐼𝑀 %) ( 𝑅 +𝐼𝑀 %) 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 𝑆𝑂 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 − 𝑒 𝐸𝑜𝐼 Alternatively, this second block of calculation of the reserve 306 can be configured to implement a any of the equations described above for the calculation of the minimum percentage value of energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*% and the depth of discharge of the battery reduced at the beginning of DoD life. BoL-res To summarize, solutions as described in this document allow you to obtain a 30 procedure for determine an energy reserve, for example, the reserve of energy at the beginning of life RES% or the percentage value of 𝑀𝑃 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑀𝑃 𝐷𝑜 𝐷𝑜 𝑆𝑂 𝑆𝑂 energy reserve at the beginning of life RES*%, in a battery of a vehicle having an electric traction motor. This procedure 30 includes the following operations: - receive an initial time indication corresponding to a battery life start, that is, such BoL life start time, and a second indication temporal, that is, such moment of end of EoI interval, for example, a moment that is defined with respect to the moment of beginning of life (for example, by a regulatory authority); - receive, for example, via blocking determination of variables 302, a requirement of battery life, that is, the minimum requirement of battery durability 𝑅 (defined in 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 matching a time interval, for example, the interval between such moment of BoL life beginning and such end of EoL interval moment – ​​for example, 8 years -, and of mileage – for example, 160km), relating to a time interval configured to extend from the first BoL time signature to the second time signature EoI; - determine, for example, again through the variable determination block 302, a state of health of a SOHC-EoI battery capacity in correspondence of said second temporal indication EoI; And - calculate, for example, via the second block reserve calculation 306, the energy reserve RES% or RES*% as a function of a ratio between the health status of the SOH battery capacity and durability requirement C-EoI of the battery 𝑅 . 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 The energy reserve RES% or RES*% determined by procedure 30 is such as to satisfy, in response to a 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 release of this energy reserve RES% or RES*% (for for example, in response to a gradual release of such a reserve by increasing the DoD depth of discharge value over time), the battery durability requirement 𝑅 during this time interval, therefore, 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 allowing for longer battery life compliant with a requirement. This release operation can be performed via an increase of a DoD depth of discharge value of the drums. In embodiments of this description, such Battery depth of discharge value DoD can be obtained, corresponding to the first indication temporal BoL (i.e., at the time when such value of battery depth of discharge DoD corresponds to the battery depth of discharge value reduced to DoD start of life), in function: BoL-res - of this relationship between the state of health of the SOH battery capacity and durability requirement C-EoI of the battery 𝑅 ; and 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 - of a depth of discharge value of the battery, that is, the value of the depth of discharge of the battery related to that DoD interval end time, EoI indicative of a percentage of energy that can be supplied by the battery (for example, with respect to a maximum capacity of such battery) corresponding to the second indication EoI storm. Note that, as previously described, for example, in the previous equations, such value of battery depth of discharge DoD at of the first BoL time indication, that is, this value of the battery's depth of discharge reduced at the beginning 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 DoD life, can be achieved by also considering BoL-res additional variables. For example, such a DoD depth of discharge value of the battery at the first indication BoL temporal can be obtained by also considering the internal margin IM%, the correction factor CF%, the efficiency of the battery system at the beginning of life SYS, and / or BoL the efficiency of the battery system at that time end of SYS interval. EoI In embodiments of this description, the energy reserve RES% or RES*% can be zero, for example, set to zero via the first calculation block of the reserve 308, if the health status of the capacity of the battery SOH is greater than or equal to, for example, such C-EoI comparison operation being performed in the block comparison 304, to the battery life requirement O . 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 In embodiments of this description, such Procedure 30 may include: - receive, for example, via blocking variable determination 302, a margin value IM%; and - add, for example, via the second block of reserve calculation 306, the margin value IM% at battery durability requirement 𝑅, obtaining 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 a durability requirement with margin, that is, the sum 𝑅 + IM%. 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 In that case, the operation of calculating, for example, again through this second calculation block of the reserve 306, the energy reserve RES% or RES*% is performed based on a relationship between the health status of the 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 SOH battery capacity and durability requirement C-EoI with margin. In embodiments of this description, such Procedure 30 may include: - determine, for example, by blocking determination of the variables 302, corresponding to the first BoL time indication, a median value of energy, that is, the median value of the battery energy TE , of a plurality of batteries (for example, BoL-50% including batteries obtained through the same process of production) including such battery considered; - determine, for example, through such a block of determination of the variables 302, corresponding to the first time indication BoL, an energy value relative to a given statistical coverage, that is, the value of the battery energy corresponding to the nth percentile of statistical coverage TE, of the plurality BoL-n% of batteries including such battery considered; and - determine, for example, through such a block of determination of variables 302, a correction factor CF% as a function of a ratio between the energy value relative to the given TE statistical coverage and the value BoL-n% TE energy median. BoL-50% In that case, the operation of calculating, for example, through this second calculation block of the reserve 306, the energy reserve RES*% is further performed in function of the correction factor CF%. In embodiments of this description, such Procedure 30 may include: - determine, for example, through such a block of determination of variables 302, a first value of discharge depth, that is, the value of the maximum battery depth of discharge at the beginning of DoD life, BoL of the battery indicative of a first percentage of energy delivered by the battery at the first BoL time signature; and - determine, for example, through such a block of determination of variables 302, a second value of discharge depth, that is, the value of the depth of battery discharge related to that end time DoD interval, battery indicative of a second EoI percentage of energy that can be supplied by the battery in correspondence of the second time indication EoI. In that case, the operation of calculating, for example, through this second calculation block of the reserve 306, the energy reserve RES*% is further performed in function of a ratio between the second depth value of DoD discharge and the first depth of discharge value EoI DoD . BoL In embodiments of this description, such Procedure 30 may include: - determine, for example, through such a block of determination of the variables 302, corresponding to the first BoL time indication, a first efficiency of the battery, that is, the efficiency of the battery system SYS BoL beginning of life; and - determine, for example, through such a block of determination of the variables 302, corresponding to the second EoI time indication, a second efficiency of the battery, that is, the efficiency of the battery system SYS at that time of end of EoI interval. EoI In that case, the operation of calculating, for example, through this second calculation block of the reserve 306, the energy reserve RES*% is further performed in function of a ratio between the second efficiency of the SYS battery and the first SYS battery efficiency. EoI BoL In embodiments of this description, the energy reserve RES*% can be the minimum reserve energy that satisfies, in response to a release of such energy reserve RES*% (for example, depending on of the increased DoD discharge depth of the battery), the battery durability requirement 𝑅 during the time interval, that is, during 𝐶 𝑒−𝐸𝑜𝐼 the time interval that extends from the beginning of BoL life to end of EoI reference interval. Therefore, the solution described in this document, allows you to define a procedure to obtain a duration of a REESS compliant with a given requirement by estimating an energy reserve to be considered start of life of the REESS included in the vehicle. Please note that forms of implementation of this description refers to a battery included in a vehicle having an electric traction motor, for example, a PEV vehicle, and configured to include a reserve energy RES% or RES*% determined through the procedure 30 previously described. So, you can understand how the solution described in the This detailed description may allow you to meet a battery life requirement including in vehicles having an electric traction motor, in particular, in PEV vehicles, without making any modifications to hardware level to adapt to the introduced requirements from regulatory bodies more quickly, avoiding complexity and additional design costs and getting the possibility of reusing these solutions with different types of batteries. 𝑆𝑂 𝑀𝑃 Without prejudice to the basic principles, details and forms of implementation may vary, even in a appreciable, compared to what has been described, purely for example, without leaving the scope of protection. The scope of protection is defined by the claims annexes.

Claims

1. A method (30) for determining an energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) in a battery of a vehicle having an electric traction motor, said method (30) comprising: - receiving a first time indication corresponding to a battery start of life (BoL) and a second time indication (EoI); - receiving (302) a battery durability requirement (MPRSoCe-EoI ) relating to a time interval configured to extend from said first time indication (BoL) to said second time indication (EoI); - determining (302) a battery capacity state of health (SOHc-eoi) at said second time indication (EoI); and - calculating (306) said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) as a function of a ratio between said battery capacity state of health (SOHc-eoi) and said battery durability requirement (MPRSoCg-EoI ); said energy reserve (RES%;RES*%) being such as to satisfy, in response to a release of said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%), said battery durability requirement (MPRSoCg-EoI ) during said time interval.; 2. The method (30) according to claim 1, wherein the release operation is performed by increasing a depth of discharge (DoD) value of the battery.

3. The method (30) according to claim 2, wherein said depth of discharge value (DoD; DoDBoL-res) of the battery at said first time indication (BoL) is obtained (306) as a function of: - the ratio between said state of health of the battery capacity (SOHc-eoi) and said battery durability requirement (MPRSOCg_EoI); and - a depth of discharge value (DoDeoi) of the battery indicative of a percentage of energy deliverable by the battery at said second time indication (Eoi).

4. The method (30) according to any preceding claim, wherein said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) is zero (308) if said state of health of the battery capacity (SOHc-eoi) is greater than or equal to (304) said battery durability requirement (MpRsoc._Eoi).

5. The method (30) according to any preceding claim, comprising: - receiving (302) a margin value (IM%); and - adding (306) said margin value (IM%) to said battery durability requirement (MPRSOCe_EoI ), resulting in a margin durability requirement; wherein the operation of calculating (306) said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) is performed as a function of a ratio between said battery capacity state of health (SOHc-eoi) and said margin durability requirement.

6. The method (30) according to any preceding claim, comprising: - determining (302), at said first time indication (BoL), a median energy value (TEbol-50%) of a plurality of batteries comprising said battery; - determining (302), at said first time indication (BoL), an energy value relating to a given statistical coverage (TEbol-xx%) of said plurality of batteries comprising said battery; and - determining (302) a correction factor (CF%) as a function of a ratio between said energy value relating to the given statistical coverage (TEbol-x%) and said median energy value (TEbol-50%); wherein the operation of calculating (306) said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) is further performed as a function of said correction factor (CF%).

7. The method (30) according to any preceding claim, comprising: - determining (302) a first discharge depth value (DoDbol) of the battery indicative of a first percentage of energy deliverable by the battery at said first time indication (BoL); and - determining (302) a second discharge depth value (DoDeoi) of the battery indicative of a second percentage of energy deliverable by the battery at said second time indication (Eoi); wherein the operation of calculating (306) said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) is further performed as a function of a ratio between said second discharge depth value (DoDeoi) and said first discharge depth value (DoDbol ).

8. The method (30) according to any preceding claim, comprising: - determining (302), at said first time indication (BoL), a first battery efficiency (SYSBoL); and - determining (302), at said second time indication (Eoi), a second battery efficiency (SYSEoi); wherein the operation of calculating (306) said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) is further performed as a function of a ratio between said second battery efficiency (SYSEoi) and said first battery efficiency (SYSbol).

9. The method (30) according to any preceding claim, wherein said energy reserve (RES*%) is the minimum energy reserve that satisfies, in response to a release of said energy reserve (RES%; RES*%), said battery durability requirement (MPRsoce-EoI ) during said time interval.

10. Battery included in a vehicle having an electric traction motor, said battery being configured to include an energy reserve (RES%; RES*%) determined by the steps of the method (30) according to any of the preceding claims.