Placing tray for drug discrimination device, drug discrimination method, and drug discrimination system

Abstract

To provide a drug discrimination system capable of automating drug discrimination.SOLUTION: A placing tray used for drug discrimination comprises: a placing part for placing drugs to be discriminated; and an upper lid which puts the placing part therein from above to fix the drugs packaged in a sheet. Portions of the placing part and the upper lid respectively have transparent housing recesses, and an operation of discriminating the drugs is performed based on an image captured by an imaging device of the drug discrimination device, through an opening of the drug discrimination device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to drug discrimination, and more particularly to a loading tray for a drug discrimination device, a drug discrimination method, and a drug discrimination system. [Background technology]

[0002] Nowadays, it is common for a patient to visit multiple medical institutions. In such cases, doctors need to know what medicines the patient has been prescribed at the other medical institutions. For this reason, doctors often ask patients to bring in medicines prescribed at other medical institutions. In such cases, if the medicine's packaging had a drug identification code printed on it, the prescribed medicine would be immediately known, but it is often the case that the code is not printed, or the medicine is brought in without a code. In such cases, the medical institution must identify the prescribed medicine based only on the medicine's appearance.

[0003] This type of work is called identification (or discrimination) work, and is usually the job of a pharmacist or technician. Currently, pharmacists manually identify unknown drugs using clues such as the size, shape, and color of the drug. Unfortunately, identification work is difficult and time-consuming, placing a heavy burden on pharmacists.

[0004] In order to reduce this burden, drug identification devices that automatically identify drugs have been proposed (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2). However, in order to complete the device as a product that can actually be used, a lot of development is still required in various aspects of the drug identification system, such as the device and software.

[0005] Furthermore, there are cases where drugs dispensed at pharmacies are inspected. In this inspection, it is confirmed whether the dispensed drug matches the prescription. Devices for performing this inspection have also been developed. However, unlike identification, inspection only requires determining whether the dispensed drug is correct in light of the prescription, so there is no need to find candidate drugs from among the countless drugs that exist. Therefore, inspection technology cannot be directly applied to identification.

[0006] In particular, for hospitalized patients, when a nurse checks the medicine that has been brought from the pharmacy to the ward before distributing it to the patient, this is a difficult task for a nurse with little pharmaceutical knowledge, and a system that can easily, quickly, and accurately identify the medicine is required. Also, even without the need for a nurse to check the medicine, patients can do it themselves before taking the medicine, which reduces labor costs and ensures safe medication. To achieve this, a system or robot that can reliably and easily identify the medicine that patients are taking is required. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-16681 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-245186 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] An object of the present invention is to contribute to the practical application of a drug discrimination system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] --First aspect of the present invention-- The first aspect of the present invention relates to a loading tray used for identifying medicines. This loading tray has a loading section for loading the medicine to be identified, and a top cover section for clamping the loading section from above and fixing the medicine packaged in a sheet form, and a transparent storage recess is provided in part of the loading section and the top cover section, and the work of identifying the medicine is performed based on an image captured by an imaging device of the medicine identification device through the opening.

[0010] The sheet-like packaging is preferably a sheet-like packaging in which the drug is sandwiched between plastic and aluminum.

[0011] The images captured by the imaging device of the drug discrimination device consist of an image of the drug placed on the loading tray taken from above the loading tray through the transparent storage recess, and an image taken from below the loading tray through the transparent storage recess, and it is preferable to identify the drug by comparing the image taken from above the loading tray through the transparent storage recess and the image taken from below the loading tray through the transparent storage recess with pre-registered information.

[0012] It is preferable that the information imaged through one of the transparent storage recesses of the loading tray consists of one or a combination of the color, shape, engraved or printed information of the drug, and that the information imaged through the other transparent storage recess of the loading tray is the name of the drug or bar code information printed on the packaging material.

[0013] It is preferable that the top cover, which clamps the placement portion from above and fixes the medicine in place, corrects deformation of the shape of the sheet-like packaging in which the medicine is sandwiched between plastic and aluminum.

[0014] The top cover portion, which clamps the placement portion from above to secure the medicine therein, preferably has a hinge portion, and the hinge portion secures the medicine packaged in sheet form together with the placement portion.

[0015] ------------------ Second aspect of the present invention ------------------ A second aspect of the present invention relates to a drug discrimination method for discriminating drugs, which includes an insertion section for inserting a loading tray into a device, an interface section for communication, and an imaging device for capturing images of the drug fixed to the loading tray from above and below the insertion section, and the interface section sequentially displays the handling of the drug for the device, and the device uses the obtained information to discriminate the drug to be taken by a computer through this procedure.

[0016] It is preferable that the interface section fixes the medicine to the loading tray and instructs the insertion section to insert the loading tray.

[0017] It is preferable that the interface unit displays, while the computer is working to identify the type of medication to be taken, that the identification process is being carried out.

[0018] When there are a plurality of drugs to be identified, the interface unit preferably displays the timing for inserting a loading tray holding the next drug.

[0019] It is preferable that the interface unit, when the discrimination process is completed, display a message to remove the loading tray from the device, take out the fixed medicines, and then return the loading tray to the device.

[0020] If the discrimination result is different from the prescription information, the interface unit preferably displays a message to instruct the user to fix the medicine on the loading tray again and insert it into the device.

[0021] It is preferable to use a container having an open top and a transparent bottom instead of the loading tray.

[0022] --Third aspect of the present invention-- The third aspect of the present invention relates to a drug discrimination system for discriminating drugs. The drug discrimination system includes a drug discrimination device connected to a host computer, which is disposed near a patient, The drug discrimination device has the following steps performed: the drug discrimination device displays usage instructions to the user; the drug discrimination device detects that the user has placed the drug on a tray and inserted it into the drug discrimination device; the drug discrimination device uses an imaging device to capture an image of the drug placed on the tray inserted into the drug discrimination device at a predetermined timing; the drug discrimination device transmits the information read by the drug discrimination device to a host computer; the host computer compares the information read by the drug discrimination device with prescribed information; and the host computer identifies the drug through the comparison work of the host computer.

[0023] It is preferable to have the host computer further perform the steps of searching for a drug based on the information read by the drug discrimination device, and displaying image information of the drug to be discriminated and image information of the drug obtained by the drug search on a single screen.

[0024] It is preferable to have the host computer further perform the steps of searching for drugs based on the information read by the drug discrimination device, and displaying image information of the drug to be discriminated and information from the electronic medical record on a single screen.

[0025] In the step of identifying a drug by the host computer, when a candidate drug is selected and a registration operation is performed, it is preferable that the drug identification device displays instruction information for taking the drug.

[0026] It is preferable that the drug discrimination device is connected to a host computer via a network with a communication speed of 5G or higher.

[0027] It is preferable that the drug discrimination device is an independent device that moves to the vicinity of the user by self-propelling.

[0028] It is preferable that the drug discrimination device returns to its home dock within a predetermined time after completing its work. Effect of the Invention

[0029] The present invention makes it possible to automate drug discrimination, which will reduce the burden of drug identification work. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0030] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a drug discrimination system. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a loading tray of the drug discrimination device. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a drug discrimination system. [Figure 4]FIG. 4 is an image of the display screen of the drug discrimination system. [Diagram 5] Figure 5 shows an image of the confirmation of medications brought by the patient. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows an image of the confirmation of medications brought by the patient. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows an image of the confirmation of medications brought by the patient. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 shows an image of medication confirmation. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an overview of the medicine discrimination system. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pharmaceutical imaging device. [Figure 11] Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the internal configuration of the pharmaceutical photographing apparatus shown in Fig. 10. In this drawing, a frame and members attached to the frame are mainly shown. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a front view of the drug photographing apparatus shown in FIG. [Figure 13] Fig. 13(a) is a perspective view showing an overall image of the support member, and Fig. 13(b) is a side view showing the positional relationship between the first light source, the second light source, and the medicine mounting item. [Figure 14] Fig. 14(a) is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a tray set in the medicine photographing apparatus, Fig. 14(b) is a top view of the same tray, and Fig. 14(c) is a side view of the same tray. [Figure 15] Figure 15 shows an image of the initial stage of the drug identification software. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a flow chart showing the processing in the upstream part of discrimination. [Figure 17] Fig. 17(a) is a perspective view of a calibration sheet used for calibrating a camera, and Fig. 17(b) is a plan view of the calibration sheet. [Figure 18]Fig. 18(a) is a plan view of a second embodiment of a calibration sheet used for calibrating a camera, and Fig. 18(b) is a side view of the calibration sheet of the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] §1 Drug discrimination system FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a drug discrimination system. As shown in FIG. 1, the drug discrimination system 1000 is composed of a drug imaging device 1011, a drug discrimination device 1010 consisting of an insertion unit 1012 and a computer (not shown). The insertion unit 1012 of the drug discrimination device 1010 is provided so that a mounting tray 1020 shown in FIG. 2 can be inserted into it. The imaging device 1011 captures information about the drug fixed to the mounting tray from the top and bottom directions of the insertion unit. The drug discrimination system 1000 further includes a display unit 1030 that displays information, and an interface unit 1040 that is used as an input means. The interface unit 1040 sequentially displays the procedure for handling the drug for the drug discrimination device, and the device uses the obtained information to cause a computer to discriminate the drug to be taken. A running mechanism 1050 for moving the system is further provided at the bottom of the drug discrimination system 1000.

[0032] The computer includes a CPU, a storage device, a recording device, and the like. The interface unit 1040 can also be used as a display screen, and the user can input data to the computer via the interface unit 1040 according to instructions on the display screen. Furthermore, the computer has drug discrimination software installed. From this perspective, a computer in which drug discrimination software (also called a drug discrimination program) is installed can also be called a drug discrimination device. In this embodiment, the computer is a so-called PC (personal computer), and the drug discrimination software is stored in a recording device in the PC. However, the computer may not be a PC, but may be, for example, a microcomputer built into another device. In that case, the drug discrimination software may be written into a storage device such as a ROM (read only memory) of the device.

[0033] §2 Loading tray As shown in Figure 2, the structure of the loading tray 1020 used when identifying drugs comprises a loading section 1021 on which the drug to be identified is placed, and a top lid section 1022 which clamps the loading section 1021 from above and secures the drug packaged in a sheet form, and portions of the loading section 1021 and top lid section 1022 each have transparent storage recesses 1023 and 1024, and the drug is identified based on an image captured by an imaging device 1011 of the drug identification device 1010 through an opening of the drug identification device 1010.

[0034] In this embodiment, the sheet-like packaging is a sheet-like packaging (PTP sheet) in which a medicine is sandwiched between plastic and aluminum.

[0035] When identifying a medicine, as shown in FIG. 3, first, the user places the medicine to be identified on the placement section 1021, and sets the placement tray 1020 on which the medicine is placed in the insertion section 1012 of the medicine identification device 1010. Next, the user operates the computer, which causes the medicine photographing device 1011 to photograph the medicine. The image captured by the imaging device 1011 of the medicine identification device 1010 includes an image of the medicine placed on the placement tray 1020 taken from above the placement tray 1020 through the transparent storage recess 1024, and an image captured from below the placement tray 1020 through the transparent storage recess 1023. The image captured from above the placement tray 1020 through the transparent storage recess 1024 and the image captured from below the placement tray 1020 through the transparent storage recess 1023 are compared with preregistered information to identify the medicine.

[0036] The information imaged through one transparent storage recess 1024 of the loading tray 1020 consists of one or a combination of the color, shape, and engraved or printed information of the drug, and the information imaged through the other transparent storage recess 1023 of the loading tray 1020 is the name of the drug or bar code information printed on the packaging material.

[0037] Furthermore, upper cover part 1022, which holds mounting part 1021 from above and fixes the medicine in place, corrects deformation of the shape of the sheet-like packaging in which the medicine is sandwiched between plastic and aluminum.

[0038] The top cover part 1022, which clamps the placement part 1021 from above and fixes the medicine in place, has a hinge part 1025, which fixes the medicine packaged in a sheet form together with the placement part 1021.

[0039] This allows the PTP sheet, which is not curved and flat, to be flat and photographed correctly, thereby shortening the time it takes to identify drugs and improving the accuracy of the identification.

[0040] §3 Drug identification method When identifying a drug, the drug identification system 1000 of this embodiment sequentially displays handling procedures by the interface unit 1040, and the user can identify the drug to be taken by following the guide of the procedure message. Specifically, when the drug identification system 1000 moves to a patient in a hospital ward and the patient is operated to identify the drug on the PTP sheet there, as shown in FIG. 3, the interface unit 1040 can fix the drug on the loading tray 1020 and instruct the insertion unit 1012 of the drug identification device 1010 to insert the loading tray 1020. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the interface unit 1040 displays a message saying "Please set the oral medicine on the tray" to guide the user to insert the loading tray 1020 on which the drug to be identified is placed into the insertion unit 1012 of the drug identification device 1010.

[0041] When it is detected that the loading tray 1020 has been inserted into the insertion section 1012 of the drug discrimination device 1010, the drug discrimination device 1010 automatically captures the drugs placed on the tray inserted into the drug discrimination device 1010 at a predetermined timing with the provided imaging device 1011, and starts discrimination of the image. While the interface section 1040 is causing the computer to discriminate the drug to be taken, it displays that discrimination processing is being performed, for example, as shown in Fig. 4, such as "Discrimination in progress. Please wait a moment."

[0042] When there are multiple medicines to be identified, the interface unit 1040 displays a message such as "Are there any medicines that have not yet been photographed?", indicating the timing for inserting the loading tray 1020 holding the next medicine.

[0043] The information read by the drug discrimination device 1010 is transmitted to a computer, where discrimination processing is carried out.

[0044] Furthermore, when the discrimination process is completed, the interface unit 1040 displays that the loading tray 1020 should be removed from the drug discrimination device 1010, the fixed drugs should be removed, and then the loading tray 1020 should be returned to the drug discrimination device 1010. For example, a message such as "Please remove the medicine" is displayed.

[0045] If the discrimination result differs from the prescription information, the interface unit 1040 displays a message such as "The medication is incorrect. Please start again from the beginning (insert the correct medication)," and the above process is repeated from the beginning, following the procedure shown in Figure 3, to indicate that the medication should be fixed on the loading tray 1020 and inserted into the medication discrimination device 1010.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the loading tray 1020 is used as a container for the medicine to be identified. On the other hand, instead of the loading tray, a container with an open top and a transparent bottom can be used. For example, when identifying unpackaged plain tablets, it is preferable to use a petri dish with a transparent bottom as the loading item.

[0047] In this embodiment, the drug discrimination system 1000 is an independent device using a traveling mechanism 1050, and can move to the vicinity of the patient by self-propelling. Specifically, for example, when a nurse or the like selects the ID of the patient (patient) who is about to take the drug from a mobile terminal in which the ID of the patient is registered, the system acquires patient position information such as the ward, hospital room, and bed position of the patient based on the ID, and moves to the vicinity of the patient by self-propelling according to a pre-stored building map. After arriving in front of the patient, the system automatically performs a task of determining whether there is any difference in the drug to be taken based on the prescription information and medication information corresponding to the patient's ID. In addition, the drug discrimination system 1000 can return to the home dock within a predetermined time after the task is completed. As a result, the drug discrimination system 1000 can be used for various discrimination processes such as discrimination of drugs brought by hospitalized patients or discrimination of drug distribution by medical staff. Details of discrimination of drugs brought by hospitalized patients and discrimination of drug distribution by medical staff will be explained below.

[0048] §3.1 Identification of medications brought in by patients In this embodiment, the computer of the drug discrimination device 1010 accesses the database via a network within the hospital. For example, if a brought-drug discrimination support system is installed in another host computer within the same facility, the computer can search for drugs by accessing the brought-drug discrimination support system in the host computer via the network.

[0049] When using the brought-in medication identification support system, a user can log in and register the patient's prescription, electronic medical record, etc. as patient information in advance in the host computer.

[0050] Furthermore, the host computer searches for a drug based on the drug information read by the drug discrimination device 1010, and simultaneously displays image information of the drug to be discriminated and image information of candidate drugs obtained by the drug search on a single screen, as shown in Fig. 5. Alternatively, the host computer searches for a drug based on the information read by the drug discrimination device 1010, and simultaneously displays image information of the drug to be discriminated and information of the electronic medical record on a single screen.

[0051] Based on the image captured by the drug discrimination device 1010, the user can select the drug that he or she believes to be correct from the displayed candidate drugs, and register it as patient information in the host computer.

[0052] Furthermore, in the step of identifying the drug by the host computer, when a candidate drug is selected and a registration operation is performed, the drug identification device 1010 displays instruction information for taking the drug.

[0053] On the other hand, in addition to a petri dish, it is also possible to distinguish a drug contained in a medicine package as a container for the drug to be identified. For example, when identifying a drug in a medicine package, clicking the "Petri Dish" button can switch to the medicine package identification mode. Here, a petri dish is an object for placing unpackaged bare tablets. In this embodiment, for example, in the case of a drug taken out of a package such as a PTP or a packaging paper and contained in a medicine package, a tray for placing a dedicated medicine package paper similar to the tray 1020 may be used. In addition, a tray such as that disclosed in Patent Application No. 2022-007075 may be adopted.

[0054] When identifying a medicine package, the medicine photographing device 1011 photographs an image as shown in FIG. 6 from above and below the medicine package. In the photographed image, the medicine is automatically recognized by AI, and a label is sequentially attached to the medicine for which recognition has been completed, for example, by drawing a solid line of a predetermined color surrounding the medicine. Then, the image of the selected medicine is enlarged and displayed as shown in the upper left of FIG. 7, and an image of the selected medicine photographed from above is displayed in the upper part, and an image of the selected medicine photographed from below is displayed in the lower part. After identifying one medicine, clicking the "Down" button moves to identifying the next medicine.

[0055] In addition, if the image of the drug to be identified is not clear, the user can input information about the photographed drug (for example, the mark or drug name) and search the database.

[0056] The drug discrimination device is connected to a host computer via a network with a communication speed of 5G or higher, although this is not particularly limited.

[0057] §3.2 Medication Dispensing In this embodiment, in the same manner as the above-described method, based on the image captured by the drug discrimination device 1010 (Figure 5), the user can select the drug that appears to be correct from the displayed candidate drugs and register it as patient information in the host computer.

[0058] The drug selected by the user can be compared side by side with drug information based on a prescription entered from an electronic medical record or the like, as shown in Figure 8. As shown in Figure 8, the data entered by the discrimination device is displayed on the left, and the prescription entered from the medical record is displayed on the right, and the two are compared to confirm whether they match. If they match, pressing the OK button at the bottom of the screen returns a message that the medication is OK on the screen of the display unit 1030 on the patient's side, and similarly, if it is not OK, pressing the NG button returns that information.

[0059] By adopting such a configuration, the user can check the medication distribution, thereby appropriately preventing the patient from taking the wrong medicine.

[0060] §4 Drug Identification System 9 is a schematic diagram showing an overview of the drug identification system. As shown in the figure, the drug identification system 100 is composed of a drug photographing device 200 and a computer 500. In this drug identification system 100, the drug photographing device 200 photographs the drug, and the computer 500 identifies the drug based on the obtained image data of the drug.

[0061] The computer 500 includes a main body 520 incorporating a CPU, a storage device, a recording device, and the like, a display device 530 functioning as an output device, and a keyboard 541 and a mouse 542 functioning as input devices. The display device 530 also includes a screen 531 and a touch screen 532, and a user can input to the computer 500 via the touch screen 532. Furthermore, the computer 500 is installed with a drug identification software 600. From this perspective, the computer 500 with the drug identification software (also called a drug identification program) 600 installed therein can also be called a drug identification device. In this embodiment, the computer 500 is configured as a so-called PC (personal computer), and the drug identification software 600 is stored in a recording device in the PC, but the computer 500 may not be a PC, but may be, for example, a microcomputer incorporated in another device. In that case, the drug identification software 600 may be written in a storage device such as a ROM (read only memory) of the device.

[0062] When identifying a drug, first, the user sets the drug to be identified in the drug photographing device 200. Next, the user operates the computer 500, which causes the drug photographing device 200 to photograph the drug. The photographed image of the drug is transmitted as data to the computer 500. Then, the computer 500 searches for the drug based on this image data, referring to a database (not shown).

[0063] In one embodiment, the computer 500 has a built-in database. For example, if the pharmaceutical comprehensive database "MDbank" (trademark) manufactured by Yuyama Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is installed in the computer 500, the computer 500 can search for drugs by referring to Mdbank without accessing an external database. In another embodiment, the computer 500 accesses the database via a network. For example, if the medication instruction support system "PharmaRoad" (trademark) manufactured by Yuyama Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is installed in another computer (server) in the same facility, the computer 500 can search for drugs by accessing PharmaRoad in the server via a LAN (local area network). In yet another embodiment, the computer 500 may access the database via the Internet.

[0064] The drug photographing apparatus 200 will be described in detail below, followed by a detailed description of the drug discrimination software 600.

[0065] § 5 Drug imaging device FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the drug photographing device 200. In this figure, the inside cannot be seen due to the case 210, but a placement section 220 for placing a drug is provided in the approximate center of the inside of the drug photographing device 200. More specifically, the drug is placed in a tray 300 as shown in FIG. 7, and the tray 300 is set in the placement section 220. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the upper side of the placement section 220 in the drug photographing device 200 is called the upper part 201, and the lower side is called the lower part 202. In addition, in this embodiment, the external configuration of the drug photographing device is the same as that in FIG. 1, and the internal structure is the same as that of the drug photographing device disclosed in International Publication No. WO2015152225, except that a placement section for inserting the tray 1020 of the present embodiment is added, and will be briefly described below.

[0066] §5.1 External configuration of the pharmaceutical imaging device As shown in FIG. 10, in the drug photographing apparatus 200, a lower case 211, a notch 212, a tray support member 221, a guide member 230, an upper case 213, and a cover 214 are visible from the outside.

[0067] §5.2 Internal structure of the pharmaceutical imaging device Figures 11 and 12 are diagrams showing a state in which the case of the drug photographing device 200 has been removed, that is, diagrams showing main internal components of the drug photographing device 200. Note that Figure 11 is a perspective view of the drug photographing device 200, and Figure 12 is a front view.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 11, a frame 250 is provided on the back side of the drug photographing device 200. Many of the main components of the drug photographing device 200 are directly or indirectly attached to the frame 250. The frame 250 is composed of a first pillar 251, a second pillar 252, a third pillar 253, a first beam 254, a second beam 255, a third beam 256, and a hinge 257. When viewed from the front, the first pillar 251 is provided on the left side of the back side of the drug photographing device 200, the second pillar 252 is provided in the center of the back side, and the third pillar 253 is provided on the right side of the back side. The first pillar 251, the second pillar 252, and the third pillar 253 are connected by the first beam 254, the second beam 255, and the third beam 256. Furthermore, a hinge 257 for rotating a cover is attached to the third beam 256 located at the top of the frame 250.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the drug photographing device 200 includes a first camera 410, a second camera 420, a first light source 430, a second light source 440, a third light source 450, a fourth light source 460, and a tray support member 221. Of these, the tray support member 221 is directly attached to the frame 250, and the first camera 410, the second camera 420, the third light source 450, and the fourth light source 460 are attached to the frame 250 via a support member. The first light source 430 is housed in the tray support member 221 and supported by the tray support member 221. Although not shown in the figure, the second light source 440 is attached to the lower case 211 (see FIG. 10) via a support member. In this way, the main components inside the drug photographing device 200 are attached to the frame 250, not the case 210. This makes it easy to remove the case 210, and facilitates maintenance work on the main internal components.

[0070] The tray support member 221 is provided near the center of the drug photographing device 200. A third light source 450 is provided above the tray support member 221. A first camera 410 is provided at a position higher than the third light source 450, i.e., near the top surface of the drug photographing device 200. A second light source 440 is provided below the tray support member 221 at a predetermined distance. A fourth light source 460 is provided near the side surface of the drug photographing device 200 at a position lower than the second light source 440. A second camera 420 is provided at a position lower than the fourth light source 460, i.e., near the bottom surface of the drug photographing device 200. In this way, in the drug photographing device 200, the first light source 430 and the third light source 450 constitute an upper light source. In the drug photographing device 200, the second light source 440 and the fourth light source 460 constitute a lower light source.

[0071] As described above, the tray support member 221 is provided near the center of the medicine photographing device 200 and above the space 217 for the notch portion 212. As shown in FIG. 13(a), a fitting portion 223 is formed on the upper surface of the tray support member 221, and the tray 300 (see FIG. 14) is placed on the fitting portion 223 when in use. A first light source 430 is attached to the bottom of the tray support member 221. The first light source 430 includes a first ring illumination 431. The first ring illumination 431 is composed of a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) arranged in a circular ring shape. The plurality of LEDs are arranged to surround the outer periphery of the hole 222 of the tray support member 221 and face the hole 222.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 13(b), when the tray 300 is placed on the fitting portion 223, the petri dish 310 passes through the hole 222 and protrudes below the tray support member 221. Therefore, the bottom 311 of the petri dish 310 is located below the lower surface of the tray support member 221. In other words, when the tray 300 is placed on the fitting portion 223, the petri dish 310 is inserted inside the ring of the first ring illumination 431, and the bottom 311 of the petri dish 310 is located below the first ring illumination 431. In other words, when the tray 300 is placed on the fitting portion 223, the first ring illumination 431 is located higher than the bottom 311 of the petri dish 310 and lower than the upper surface or upper end of the tray 300 (the highest point of the tray 300). At least the bottom surface and the side surface facing the hole 222 of the tray support member 221 are made of a transparent material. As a result, when first ring illumination 431 emits light, the emitted light is directed toward the center and downward of hole 222. As a result, the medicine placed in bottom 311 of petri dish 310 is directly illuminated in all directions of 360° and obliquely from above by the emitted light from first ring illumination 431. In other words, first light source 430 functions as a direct light source that directly illuminates the medicine.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 13(b), a second light source 440 is installed below the tray support member 221 through the cutout space 217. The second light source 440 is composed of a second ring light 441 of the same type as the first ring light 431. This second ring light 441 is supported by a lower support plate 442 and an upper support plate 443. These lower support plate 442 and upper support plate 443 are attached to the inner side surface of the lower case 211 (see FIG. 10). The upper support plate 443 is made of a transparent material. In addition, the upper support plate 443 has a substantially rectangular planar shape, and unlike the tray support member 221, does not have a hole in its center (below the hole 222). This prevents the dropped medicine from hitting the second camera 420 even if the user accidentally drops the medicine inside the placement unit 220. The lower support plate 442 has a planar shape corresponding to the planar shape of the second ring illuminator 441, and has a hole in the center of the plate having a shape corresponding to the ring of the second ring illuminator 441. The second ring illuminator 441 is located below the bottom 311 of the petri dish 310. The planar position of the second ring illuminator 441 is arranged to match the planar position of the first ring illuminator 431. When the second ring illuminator 441 emits light, the emitted light is directed toward the center of the hole 222 and upward. As a result, the medicine put into the bottom 311 of the petri dish 310 is directly irradiated in all directions of 360° and from diagonally below by the emitted light of the second ring illuminator 441. The first light source 430 and the second light source 440 described above are mainly used to photograph the markings on the surface of the medicine, mainly the tablets. More specifically, the first light source 430 is used to photograph the marking on the upper surface of the medicine, and the second light source 440 is used to photograph the marking on the lower surface of the medicine. The inventors have found that when the first light source 430 and the second light source 440 are configured as described above, the marking on the surface of the tablet can be clearly photographed.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, a third light source 450 is provided above the tray support member 221. The third light source 450 is composed of a plurality of bar lights, specifically, a first bar light 451 and a second bar light 452. The first bar light 451 is attached to the third pole 253 via a support member 453. The second bar light 452 is attached to the first pole 251 via a support member 454. In other words, the first bar light 451 and the second bar light 452 are provided on the side of the drug photographing device 200, specifically, on the side of the placement unit 220. As shown in FIG. 12, the first bar light 451 and the second bar light 452 are installed in a direction parallel to the front-rear direction of the drug photographing device 200, and the light-emitting surfaces of the first bar light 451 and the second bar light 452 face obliquely downward, more specifically, toward the placement unit 220. Moreover, the distance from the first bar illumination 451 and the second bar illumination 452 to the place on the mounting unit 220 where the medicine is placed is greater than the distance from the first ring illumination 431 to the place on the mounting unit 220 where the medicine is placed. Furthermore, the first bar illumination 451 and the second bar illumination 452 are installed at a position closer to the side of the medicine photographing device 200 than the outer periphery of the hole 222 of the tray support member 221. Such an arrangement of the third light source 450 ensures a larger space in the upper internal space 240, making it easier for the user to place the tray 300 on the mounting unit 220.

[0075] The first bar illuminator 451 and the second bar illuminator 452 are provided with a polarizing filter, and are configured so that the light diffused through the polarizing filter reaches the medicine. In detail, the direct light from the first bar illuminator 451 and the second bar illuminator 452 is cut by the polarizing filter, and the light diffused by the polarizing filter reaches the medicine through the hole 222 of the tray support member 221, that is, through the ring of the first ring illuminator 431. That is, the third light source 450 functions as a diffuse light source or an indirect light source. This allows the upper side of the medicine to be suitably illuminated. The inventor has found that by configuring the third light source 450 in this way, the print on the surface of the medicine can be clearly photographed. Moreover, whether the medicine is a tablet or a capsule, the print can be clearly photographed.

[0076] As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, a fourth light source 460 of the same type as the third light source 450 is provided below the second light source 440. The fourth light source 460 is composed of a plurality of bar lights, specifically, a third bar light 461 and a fourth bar light 462. The third bar light 461 is attached to the third pole 253 via a support member 463. The fourth bar light 462 is attached to the first pole 251 via a support member 464. In other words, the third bar light 461 and the fourth bar light 462 are provided on the side of the drug photographing device 200, similar to the first bar light 451 and the second bar light 452. The third bar light 461 and the fourth bar light 462 are provided in a direction parallel to the front-rear direction of the drug photographing device 200, similar to the first bar light 451 and the second bar light 452. The light-emitting surfaces of the third bar illuminator 461 and the fourth bar illuminator 462 face obliquely upward, more specifically, toward the placement unit 220. As with the relationship between the third light source 450 and the first light source 430, the distance from the third bar illuminator 461 and the fourth bar illuminator 462 to the placement unit 220 is greater than the distance from the second ring illuminator 441 to the placement unit 220. As with the first bar illuminator 451 and the second bar illuminator 452, the third bar illuminator 461 and the fourth bar illuminator 462 also have a polarizing filter, and are configured so that light diffused through this polarizing filter reaches the medicine. In more detail, the diffused light from the third bar illuminator 461 and the fourth bar illuminator 462 is configured to pass through the ring of the second ring illuminator 441 and reach the medicine. This illuminates the underside of the medicine so that the printing is clear.

[0077] In this embodiment, the third light source 450 and the fourth light source 460 are each configured with two bar lights, but in other embodiments, four bar lights may be provided. In this case, it is preferable to arrange the four bar lights so that they form a quadrangle and surround the mounting portion 220.

[0078] A first camera 410 is installed above the first bar light 451 and the second bar light 452. This first camera 410 is attached to the second column 252 via an attachment member 411. The attachment member 411 fixes the first camera 410 so that the first camera 410 is located vertically above the placement unit 220 and faces the placement unit 220. When the medicine photographing device 200 is viewed from above in a plan view, the photographing area of ​​the first camera 410 includes the hole 222 of the tray support member 221 and the inside of the ring of the first ring light 431. This allows the first camera 410 to suitably photograph the top surface of the medicine placed on the placement unit 220, i.e., an image of the medicine viewed from directly above.

[0079] The second camera 420 is installed below the third bar light 461 and the fourth bar light 462. The second camera 420 is attached to the second column 252 via the attachment member 421. The second camera 420 is fixed by the attachment member 421 so as to be located vertically below the placement unit 220 and to face the placement unit 220. When the medicine photographing device 200 is viewed from below in a plan view, the photographing area of ​​the second camera 420 includes the inside of the ring of the second ring light 441. This allows the second camera 420 to suitably photograph the underside of the medicine placed on the placement unit 220, that is, an image of the medicine viewed from directly below. Both the first camera 410 and the second camera 420 described above are capable of photographing color images.

[0080] §6 Overview of drug identification software The drug photographing device 200 described above is connected to a computer 500 as shown in FIG. 9. The computer 500 has drug identification software 600, and the computer 500 controls the operation of the drug photographing device 200 by the drug identification software 600. Specifically, the computer 500 controls the lighting in the drug photographing device 200 and causes the camera to photograph the drug. The computer 500 then receives the photographed image of the drug from the drug photographing device 200. The computer 500 processes and manipulates the drug image data in various ways to obtain information required for narrowing down and searching for drugs. The computer 500 then narrows down and searches for drugs based on this information, and displays the result as a discrimination result on a screen 531 of a display device 530.

[0081] §6.1 Basic Operating Procedures FIG. 15 shows a screen 531 in which the drug discrimination software 600 is activated. More specifically, the drug discrimination software is called by the medication instruction support system 610, and a tablet discrimination menu window 620 is displayed in the lower right corner of the screen 531 by this drug discrimination software. From this window 620, discrimination according to the user's purpose is started. Although the window 620 is named "Tablet Discrimination," it should be noted that the drug discrimination software 600 can distinguish not only tablets but also capsules. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the drug discrimination software is activated by another software, but the drug discrimination software can be activated and operated independently, for example, by clicking on its icon.

[0082] § 7 Drug discrimination algorithm Hereinafter, how the drug discrimination software 600 discriminates each drug in the image captured by the drug photographing device 200 will be described in detail.

[0083] Fig. 16 shows the upstream process in drug discrimination. First, when the user inputs a command to start drug discrimination (step 110), the drug photographing device 200 photographs a plurality of images of the drug (step 120). Next, the computer 500 corrects the photographed images (step 130). Next, the computer 500 extracts an area in which each drug exists from the corrected image (step 140). Then, discrimination is performed individually for each extracted drug area (step 200).

[0084] <Step 110> User input A user first places a medicine to be identified in the placement portion 1021 of the placement tray 1020 shown in Fig. 2 or in the petri dish 310 of the tray 300 shown in Fig. 14. At this time, it is recommended that a tablet be placed directly in the transparent storage recess 1023 of the placement portion 1021 or in the transparent part 315 of the bottom surface 311 of the petri dish 310, and a capsule be placed on the transparent storage recess 1023 of the placement portion 1021 or on the capsule placement member 314. Next, the user installs the placement tray 1020 or the tray 300 in the placement portion 220 of the medicine photographing apparatus 200.

[0085] <Step 120> Drug image acquisition When the computer 500 receives an input from the user to photograph the medicine, it drives the medicine photographing device 200 to photograph an image of the placement part 1021 or the petri dish 310. Specifically, the computer 500 acquires four images, [Image 1] to [Image 4] below. At this time, the computer 500 sets the photographing conditions of the camera based on the setting values ​​(e.g., the camera focus, exposure time, and each RGB gain) obtained in the "camera focus adjustment" and "brightness and color calibration" described later. This improves the reproducibility of image quality. [Image 1] An image of the mounting part 1021 or the petri dish 310 photographed from above under illumination by the first light source 430. This image can be obtained by turning on the first ring illumination 431 and photographing with the first camera 410. [Image 2] An image of the mounting part 1021 or the petri dish 310 photographed from below under illumination by the second light source 440. This image can be obtained by turning on the second ring illumination 441 and photographing with the second camera 420. [Image 3] An image of the mounting part 1021 or the petri dish 310 photographed from above under illumination by the third light source 450. This image can be obtained by turning on the first bar light 451 and the second bar light 452 and photographing with the first camera 410. [Image 4] An image of the mounting part 1021 or the petri dish 310 photographed from below under illumination by the fourth light source 460. This image can be obtained by turning on the third bar light 461 and the fourth bar light 462 and photographing with the second camera 420.

[0086] <Step 130> Image correction As described later, the drug identification system 100 is calibrated in advance, and the computer 500 holds the calibration information obtained by this calibration as data. The computer 500 corrects the captured image based on this calibration information. Specifically, the computer 500 corrects the coordinates of the captured image based on the calibration information. This causes the coordinate axes of the image captured by the first camera 410 and the coordinate axes of the image captured by the second camera 420 to coincide with each other.

[0087] <Step 140> Drug area extraction After image correction, the area occupied by each drug in the image is extracted. For this, [Image 1] and [Image 2], which tend to have a large difference in brightness between the background and the drug, are preferably used. The area extraction is performed by binarizing the brightness of each pixel using a threshold value (below the threshold = background, above the threshold = drug), and separating the area above the threshold. Through the above process, individual drug identification is performed (step 200).

[0088] §8 Camera Calibration In order to suitably carry out the above embodiment, the first camera 410 and the second camera 420 need to be in focus. In addition, the photographing area of ​​the first camera 410 and the photographing area of ​​the second camera 420 need to match. Furthermore, the brightness and color of the photographed image need to be within a predetermined range. For this reason, before the drug identification system 100 is shipped from the factory or when the drug identification system 100 is set up at the delivery destination, a calibration as described below is performed. Note that once this calibration is performed, it is usually not necessary to perform it again.

[0089] §8.1 Camera alignment In this calibration, the camera is first aligned. First, the placement tray 1020 having the placement part 1021 or the tray 300 having the petri dish 310 set thereon is set on the placement part 220 of the drug photographing device 200. Next, the placement part 1021 or the petri dish 310 is photographed by the first camera 410, and the photographed image is displayed on the display device 530 of the computer 500. At this time, a virtual image having a cross shape at a predetermined position is superimposed on the image of the placement part 1021 or the petri dish 310 and displayed. Then, the position and angle of the first camera 410 are finely adjusted so that the cross shape fits inside the placement part 1021 or the petri dish 310. The same operation is performed on the second camera 420.

[0090] §8.2 Camera Focus Adjustment Next, the focus of the camera is adjusted. First, a template with a predetermined character, symbol, or figure is set on the mounting part 220 of the drug photographing device 200, and the template is photographed at a low magnification. Then, the focus of the camera is roughly adjusted so that the markings on the template are most clearly visible in the photographed image. After this is completed, the magnification is increased and the same operation is performed to finely adjust the focus.

[0091] §8.3 Calibration of the imaging area This calibration makes it possible to match the coordinates of the photographing areas of the upper and lower cameras. It is also possible to obtain the resolution of the cameras. First, a calibration sheet 810, which is a calibration tool, is prepared as shown in FIG. 17. This calibration sheet 810 is configured such that m×n black circles of a predetermined size (3×4 in the example shown in FIG. 17) are arranged in a matrix at predetermined intervals on both sides of a plate or sheet having a predetermined thickness. The positions and sizes of the black circles are the same on the front and back sides of the calibration sheet 810. During calibration, this calibration sheet 810 is set on the placement unit 220 of the drug photographing device 200, and the calibration sheet 810 is photographed by the first camera 410 and the second camera 420. Next, a transformation matrix is ​​obtained such that the black circle in the image is located at the specified coordinates and has a specified size. This is performed for both the image photographed from above and the image photographed from below the calibration sheet 810. In the above-mentioned step 130, the image photographed of the petri dish 310 is corrected based on this transformation matrix. This allows the coordinate positions of the photographed areas of the image photographed from above and the image photographed from below of the mounting part 1021 or the petri dish 310 to coincide. In addition, the image resolution (DPI), that is, the number of pixels constituting a unit length, can also be obtained from the transformation matrix.

[0092] §8.4 Brightness and Color Calibration This calibration can improve the color reproducibility of the captured image. As in the above, with the calibration sheet 810 placed on the placement section 220, the following steps (a) and (b) are repeated. (a) Exposure adjustment: With the first light source 430 on, the first camera 410 captures an image with a predetermined exposure time. With the second light source 440 on, the second camera 420 captures an image with a predetermined exposure time. Next, the brightness of each predetermined point in the captured image is calculated. If the brightness is higher than a target value, the camera's exposure time is reduced. If the brightness is lower than the target value, the camera's exposure time is increased. (b) Color (white balance) adjustment: Calculate the RGB values ​​of each specified point in the captured image. If B (blue) is greater than R (red), increase the R gain. If B is less than R, decrease the R gain. Also, if B is greater than G (green), increase the G gain. If B is less than G, decrease the G gain. The above steps (a) to (b) are repeated until each value reaches the target value. This allows the camera setting values ​​at the time of shooting to be obtained. Similar operations are also performed using the third light source 450 and the first camera 410, and using the fourth light source 460 and the second camera 420.

[0093] FIG. 18 shows a second embodiment of the calibration sheet. This calibration sheet 810' is configured such that m×n black circles 811 of a predetermined size are arranged in a matrix at predetermined intervals on both sides of a circular plate or sheet having a predetermined thickness. In addition, near the outer periphery of the calibration sheet 810', straight lines 812 of a predetermined length are arranged at equal intervals of 90° in four directions, i.e., up, down, left, and right, so as to be located on the center line of the circle. More specifically, a pair of straight lines 812 are arranged parallel to the row direction of the circle 811 and are arranged on the extension of the circles 811 arranged in the row direction. In addition, another pair of straight lines 812 are arranged parallel to the column direction of the circle 811 and are arranged on the extension of the circles 811 arranged in the column direction. The rest of the configuration of the calibration sheet 810' is the same as that of the calibration sheet 810. The diameter of this calibration sheet 810' is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the placement unit 1021 (see FIG. 2) or the petri dish 310 (see FIG. 14). In other words, the planar shape of the calibration sheet 810' corresponds to the shape of the bottom surface of the placement item on which the medicine is placed. By using the calibration sheet 810', it is possible to suitably prevent the position of the calibration sheet 810' from being shifted when the placement item is placed on the placement item and then the placement item is set on the placement unit 220 of the medicine photographing device 200. In addition, by using the straight line 812 as an index, it becomes easy to align the direction of the circle 811 to a predetermined direction. [Explanation of symbols]

[0094] 1000 Drug discrimination system 1010 Drug discrimination device 1011: Drug imaging device 1012 Insertion part 1020: Loading tray 1021...Placement part 1022... Top cover 1023.....Housing recess 1024.....Housing recess 1025 Hinge part 1030...Display section 1040 Interface section 1050 Travel mechanism

[0095] 100 Drug Identification System

[0096] 200 Drug imaging device 210...Case 211 Lower case 212...Notch 213...Upper case 214···Cover 215...Slope part 216...Slope 217... Space for cutout 220 ....Placement section 221... Tray support member 222...hole 223... Fitting part 240...Upper internal space 250···Frame 300, 300' Tray 310 Petri dish 311...Bottom 312...Side 313··Ring 314 Capsule mounting member 315...Transparent part 316...Recess 317...Recess 320...Main unit 321...hole 322...tube 330...Flat plate 331...2nd tube 410...Camera 1 420...Second camera 430...1st light source 431···1st ring light 440...Second light source 441 Second ring light 442...Lower support plate 443...Upper support plate 450...Third light source 451···1st Bar Light 452···Second bar lighting 460...4th light source 461···3rd bar lighting 462···4th bar lighting

[0097] 500...Computer 520...Main unit 530...Display device 531...Screen 532··Touchscreen 541··Keyboard 542 Mouse 543··Mouse cursor 600 Drug Identification Software 610: Medication Instruction Support System Window 620 Tablet Identification Menu Window 621... "Tablet image identification" item 622... "Returned pill image identification" item 623... "Magnifying Glass" item 810, 810'...calibration sheet 811 yen 812...straight line

Claims

1. A tray used for identifying drugs, A mounting section for placing the drug to be identified, The top lid portion clamps the above-mentioned mounting portion from above to secure the sheet-like packaged drug, The above-described storage section and a portion of the top lid each have a transparent storage recess. A mounting tray for the drug discrimination device, characterized in that it performs the task of discriminating drugs based on images captured by the imaging device of the drug discrimination device described above.

2. The mounting tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet-like packaging is a sheet-like packaging in which the drug is sandwiched between plastic and aluminum.

3. The image captured by the imaging device of the above-mentioned drug discrimination device consists of an image of the drug placed on the tray, taken from above the tray through the transparent storage recess, and an image taken from below the tray through the transparent storage recess. The mounting tray according to claim 1, characterized in that it determines a drug by comparing an image taken from above the mounting tray through the transparent storage recess and an image taken from below the mounting tray through the transparent storage recess with pre-registered information.

4. The information captured through one of the transparent storage recesses of the above-described storage tray consists of one or more combinations of the following: the color, shape, markings, or printed information of the drug. The mounting tray according to claim 3, characterized in that the information captured through the other transparent storage recess of the mounting tray is the name of the drug or barcode information printed on the packaging material.

5. The mounting tray according to claim 4, characterized in that the top lid portion, which clamps the mounting portion described above from above to secure the drug, corrects deformation of the sheet-like packaging in which the drug is sandwiched between plastic and aluminum.

6. The mounting tray according to claim 5, characterized in that the top lid portion, which clamps the mounting portion described above from above to secure the drug, has a hinge portion, and the sheet-packaged drug is secured together with the mounting portion described above by the hinge portion.

7. A drug identification method for identifying drugs, An insertion section for inserting the mounting tray into the drug identification device, An interface section for communication, The system comprises an imaging device that captures information about the drug fixed in the above-mentioned tray from the upper and lower directions of the insertion section, The above interface unit sequentially displays the procedure for handling drugs for the above drug identification device. According to this procedure, the device uses a computer to process the acquired information. A drug identification method characterized by allowing the user to identify the medication to be taken.

8. The drug identification method according to claim 7, characterized in that the interface unit fixes the drug to the tray and instructs the insertion unit to insert the tray.

9. The drug identification method according to claim 7, wherein the interface unit displays or provides an audio notification that the identification process is being performed while the computer is performing the task of identifying the drug to be taken.

10. The drug identification method according to claim 7, characterized in that, when there are multiple drugs to be identified, the interface unit displays or provides an audio notification of the timing for inserting the tray on which the next drug is fixed.

11. The drug identification method according to claim 7, wherein the interface unit displays or provides an audio notification that, when the identification process is completed, the tray should be removed from the device, the fixed drug should be taken out, and then the tray should be returned to the device.

12. The drug identification method according to claim 7, wherein the interface unit displays or provides an audio notification to re-secure the drug in the tray and insert it into the device if the identification result differs from the prescription information.

13. The drug identification method according to claim 7, characterized in that, instead of the tray described above, unpackaged tablets are placed in a container with an open top and a transparent bottom for identification.

14. A drug identification system for identifying drugs, A drug identification device connected to a host computer is placed near the person taking the medication. The above drug identification device displays or provides voice notifications of the usage procedure to the person taking the medication. The steps include detecting that the user has placed the medication on the tray and inserted it into the medication identification device, The imaging device provided in the above-mentioned drug discrimination device captures images of the drug placed on a tray inserted into the drug discrimination device at a predetermined timing, The step of transmitting the information read by the above drug identification device to the above host computer, The steps include: comparing the information read by the drug identification device with the prescribed information on the host computer; The above comparison process on the host computer is performed to identify the drug, A drug identification system characterized by having the following features.

15. The above drug identification device reads information and performs a drug search, The step of displaying the image information of the drug to be identified and the image information of the drug obtained through drug search on a single screen, The drug discrimination system according to claim 14, characterized in that the host computer described above performs the following further steps.

16. The above drug identification device performs a step of searching for a drug based on the information it reads, The step of displaying the image information of the drug to be identified and the information from the electronic medical record on a single screen, The drug discrimination system according to claim 14, characterized in that the host computer described above performs the following further steps.

17. In the step of identifying the drug on the host computer described above, Once a candidate drug is selected and registration is performed, The above-mentioned drug identification device is characterized by displaying or providing voice notifications of instructions for taking the drug. The drug discrimination system according to claim 14.

18. The drug identification system according to claim 14, characterized in that the drug identification device is connected to a host computer via a network with a communication speed of 5G or higher.

19. The drug identification system according to claim 18, wherein the drug identification device is a self-propelled device that moves to the vicinity of the person taking the drug.

20. The drug identification system according to claim 19, characterized in that the drug identification device returns to the home dock within a predetermined time after the completion of work.

Images