Method and apparatus for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance

Abstract

To provide a method and an apparatus for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect the performance of a battery.SOLUTION: A method for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect the performance of a battery is provided. The method includes a step of determining whether the temperature and current of a battery cell of a battery pack are within limit specifications. The method includes a step of obtaining the maximum current power when the temperature and current of the battery pack are within the limit specifications. The method includes a step of executing an operation on the basis of the maximum current power.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to battery technology, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance.

Background Art

[0002] In today's society, the requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection are becoming increasingly high, and optimizing the energy efficiency of batteries has become one of the keys to achieving energy conservation and environmental protection. With the continuous progress of battery-related technologies, the application of battery management systems (BMS) has become increasingly widespread.

[0003] A battery management system usually has the function of measuring battery voltage, for example, to prevent the occurrence of abnormal situations such as over-discharge, over-charge, and over-heat of the battery. A general battery management system usually manages the battery using protection mechanisms such as over-current protection (OCP) and over-temperature protection (OTP). However, all of these protection mechanisms protect the battery from current and over-temperature using fixed thresholds, but cannot optimize the energy efficiency of the battery.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a method and apparatus for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance that can optimize battery energy efficiency, ensure the normal operation of the battery, and extend battery life.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce the concepts, highlights, advantages, and benefits of the novel and non-obvious technology described in this specification. Although not all, the selected embodiments are further described in the following detailed description. Therefore, the following summary is not intended to identify the essential features of the claimed invention, nor is it intended to be used in determining the scope of the claimed invention.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, a method is provided for an artificial intelligence to monitor and protect the performance of a battery. The method includes a step of determining whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within the limit specifications. The method includes a step of obtaining the maximum current power when the temperature and current of the battery pack are within the limit specifications. The method includes a step of executing an operation based on the maximum current power.

[0008] In some embodiments, the maximum current power is obtained based on the relative state of charge (RSOC), voltage, system impedance value, optimization parameter, and battery impedance value of the battery pack.

[0009] In some embodiments, the maximum current power (MCP) is represented by the following formula. MCP = D / ((E + F + G)) × B Wherein, B is the RSOC, D is the voltage, E is the system impedance value, F is the optimization parameter, and G is the battery impedance value.

[0010] In some embodiments, the optimization parameter is generated by a large language model (LLM) or a large data model.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of determining whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within the limit specifications further includes determining whether the temperature of the battery cells is within the operating temperature range, whether the current is within the overcurrent protection (OCP) operation limit, and whether the current is within the short-circuit protection operation limit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the step of performing an operation based on the maximum current power further includes, when the indicator corresponding to the maximum current power is lower than the threshold, sending a notification message to the processor to notify the processor of the power state currently supported by the battery cells.

[0013] In some embodiments, the step of performing an operation based on the maximum current power further includes, when the indicator corresponding to the maximum current power is lower than the threshold, sending a notification message to the processor to notify the processor of the power state currently supported by the battery cells.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, there is provided an apparatus in which artificial intelligence monitors and protects the performance of a battery. The apparatus has a battery pack having battery cells and a controller. The controller determines whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within the limit specifications, and when the temperature and current of the battery pack are within the limit specifications, obtains the maximum current power and operates to perform an operation based on the maximum current power.

Advantages of the Invention

[0015] The method and apparatus for monitoring and protecting battery performance according to the present invention can optimize battery energy efficiency using the maximum current power, ensure the normal operation of the battery, and extend the life of the battery pack.

[0016] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, are incorporated in the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale as some components may be shown out of proportion to their actual size in an actual implementation for the purpose of clearly illustrating the concepts of the present disclosure.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

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Figure 7

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] Various aspects of the present disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific structures or functions presented throughout the present disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of other aspects of the present disclosure or in combination with other aspects of the present disclosure. For example, using some of the aspects described herein, an apparatus may be implemented, or a method may be implemented. Further, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods implemented using, in addition to or other than, the various aspects of the present disclosure defined herein, another structure, functionality or structure and functionality. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0019] As used herein, the term "exemplary" is used in the sense of "an example, instance, or illustration". Aspects described herein as "exemplary" are not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Further, like numerals refer to like elements throughout several figures, and the articles "a" and "the" include plural references herein unless specifically designated otherwise.

[0020] It should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, that element may be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, no intervening elements are present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like manner (e.g., "between" versus "directly between", "adjacent" versus "directly adjacent", etc.).

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for an artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance, optimize battery energy efficiency using maximum current power, ensure normal operation of the battery, and extend the life of the battery pack.

[0022] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 100 for an artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system 100 includes a power supply 110, a power selector 120, a main power supply device 130, a battery charger 140, a battery pack 150, a processor 160, a power management unit 170, and a warning device 180.

[0023] The power supply 110 is an adapter or a Universal Serial Bus (USB). The power selector 120 is coupled to the power supply 110, the main power supply device 130, and the battery charger 140. When DC / AC is available, the power selector 120 selects DC / AC as the main power supply. On the other hand, the power selector 120 selects the battery as the power supply.

[0024] The main power supply device 130 is a system terminal, for example, any type of device such as 3C products, notebook computers, tablet computers, robots, and in-vehicle batteries. The battery charger 140 is coupled to the power selector 120 and the battery pack 150, and has a charge / discharge circuit. The battery pack 150 can be composed of battery packs in various combinations such as single series connection, multiple series connections, single parallel connection, and multiple parallel connections.

[0025] The processor 160 is coupled to the battery pack 150, the power management unit 170, and the warning device 180. The processor 160 is, for example, any processor suitable for executing instructions from a memory (not shown). Therefore, the processor 160 is, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or other similar processors.

[0026] The power management unit 170 is coupled to the main power supply device 130 and the processor 160, and provides basic power protection for the system 100.

[0027] The warning device 180 is a display, an LED, or other output component having a warning function.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the battery pack 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 150 includes, but is not limited to, a battery cell 210, a controller 220, a secondary protection IC 230, a thermal resistor 240, a detection resistor 250, a self-cut protector 260, a thermal fuse 272, a discharge field effect transistor (FET) 274, and a charge field effect transistor 276.

[0029] The controller 220 is a general-purpose processor, a microprocessor control unit (MCU), an application processor, etc., has various circuits providing data processing and computing functions, and controls the battery cell 210 to communicate with the microprocessor 160 and the battery charger 140 of FIG. 1.

[0030] The controller 220 is coupled to the battery cell 210, the secondary protection IC 230, the thermal resistor 240, and the detection resistor 250. The controller 220 can support a wide range of first-level and second-level battery safety functions. The first-level safety functions include cell-level overvoltage / undervoltage protection, charge / discharge overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and overheat protection. The second-level safety functions are used to indicate more serious failures and can blow an in-line fuse (e.g., the thermal fuse 272) to permanently disable the battery cell 210. The second-level safety functions include safety overvoltage, battery cell imbalance, safety overcurrent, safety over temperature, open of the thermistor 240, failure of the charge / discharge FET 276, fuse blow failure detection, etc.

[0031] In addition, the controller 220 and the secondary protection IC 230 further trigger a self - cut protector 260 coupled to the battery cell 210 to activate the protection mechanism of the battery cell 210. The controller 220 obtains the temperature 242 of the battery cell 210 through the thermal resistor 240 and obtains the current of the battery cell 210 through the detection resistor 250. The controller 220 immediately tracks the capacity change, battery impedance, voltage, current, temperature and other key operating parameters of the battery cell 210 and obtains the maximum current power. In one embodiment, the controller 220 generates some control signals based on the maximum current power to initiate appropriate safety measures for the battery cell 210.

[0032] In FIG. 2, the battery pack 150 has a positive terminal 280 and a negative terminal 282 and is connected to the battery charger 140 for charging. The controller 220 communicates with the processor 160 of FIG. 1 using the Smart Battery Bus (SMBus) protocol. The SMBus is composed of a data line SMD284 and a clock line SMC286, through which the controller 220 and the processor 160 communicate with each other.

[0033] In other embodiments, the battery pack 150 has a memory (not shown) for storing instructions related to the operation of the battery pack 150, and the instructions are executed by the controller 220. Also, the controller 220 executes the programs and instructions in the memory to perform the operations, steps described in the embodiments of the present invention, or other descriptions in the specification.

[0034] In other embodiments, the controller 220 implements a large - language model (LLM) or a large - scale data model based on a neural network and uses the large - language model or the large - scale data model to realize the generation of related parameters of the battery pack.

[0035] It should be noted that although the quantity of battery cells 21 is exemplified by one battery in FIG. 2, the battery cells can be extended to other combinations (for example, two in series, two in series and one in parallel, etc.), and the present invention should not be limited to what is shown in FIG. 2.

[0036] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method 300 for an artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method 300 is executed by the controller 220 of the battery pack 150 shown in FIG. 2.

[0037] In step S305, the controller determines whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within the limit specifications. In particular, the controller determines whether the temperature of the battery cells is within the operating temperature range, whether the current is within the overcurrent protection (OCP) operating limit, and whether it is within the short-circuit protection operating limit.

[0038] When the temperature and current of the battery cells are within the limit specifications (step S305, "Yes"), in step S310, the controller obtains the maximum current power (MCP). The maximum current power is obtained based on the relative state of charge (RSOC), voltage, system impedance value, optimization parameter, and battery impedance value of the battery cells. In particular, the system impedance value is the impedance value of the system 100, and the battery impedance value is the impedance value of the battery cell 210. The optimization parameter is a value generated by the controller using a large language model or a large data model, and this numerical value is mainly used to make the relationship between the maximum current power and the RSOC close to a preset curve. For example, the optimization parameter makes the relationship between the maximum current power and the RSOC close to a 45-degree curve as shown in FIG. 6. The maximum current power is expressed by the following formula. MCP = D / ((E + F + G)) × B Where B is the RSOC, D is the voltage, E is the system impedance value, F is the optimization parameter, and G is the battery impedance value.

[0039] In operation S315, the controller executes operations according to the maximum current power. In one embodiment, the value of the maximum current power is indicated by a status indicator to show the current power consumption state of the battery pack. The status indicator is displayed by numerical values 0 - 5, 1 - 10, or other numerical values. The higher the value, the better the power state that the battery cell can support. The lower the value, the worse the power state that the battery cell can support. For example, the status indicator is displayed by numerical values 1 - 10. Status indicator 0 means that the power state that the battery cell can support is very low, and status indicators 9 or 10 mean that the battery cell can support a very good power state and can operate even under high load.

[0040] When the status indicator is lower than the threshold value, the controller sends a notification message to the processor or the user to notify the processor of the power state currently supported by the battery cell. As another example, when the status indicator is lower than the threshold value (here, 3), the controller can send a notification message to the processor or the user to notify the processor that the power state that the battery cell can currently support is not good. After receiving the notification message, the processor can extend the life of the battery cell and improve the energy efficiency of the system by adjusting the load of the battery cell.

[0041] When returning to operation S305, if the temperature and current of the battery cell are not within the limit specifications (operation S305, "No"), in operation S320, the controller performs a protection operation on the battery cell. For example, when the controller determines that the temperature of the battery cell is not within the operating temperature range or the current has reached either the overcurrent protection operation limit or the short - circuit protection operation limit, the controller stops using the battery cell.

[0042] Figure 4 is experimental data table 400 for obtaining the maximum current power and the state indicator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 4, the battery pack is a combination of two in series and one in parallel, and the normal current is 3.5 amperes. The state indicator is divided into values from 0 to 5 based on the maximum current power.

[0043] As shown in Table 400, the battery impedance value is related to the operation cycle. As the number of operation cycles increases, the battery impedance value increases. The maximum current power (MCP) is related to the RSOC, the voltage of the battery pack, the system impedance value, the optimization parameter, and the battery impedance value. That is, the maximum current power is a non-fixed estimated value that can estimate how much electrical energy the battery cell can supply currently, and the maximum current power changes depending on the number of uses of the battery pack, the aging state, the capacity, etc.

[0044] Figure 5 is a diagram showing the discharge of the battery pack with reference to Figure 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The battery pack operates with a combination of a 7-ampere current discharge for 10 seconds and a 14-ampere current discharge for 10 milliseconds. As shown in Figure 5, the operating current does not exceed the overcurrent protection (OCP) operation limit (using 8.75 amperes and discharging continuously for 5 to 8 seconds), and the short-circuit protection operation limit (using a current of 17.5 amperes and discharging continuously for 3 milliseconds or more). The relationship between MCP and RSOC when the battery pack is discharged with this combination of currents is shown in Figure 6, and the relationship between MCP and time is shown in Figure 7. It should be noted that in Figures 6 and 7, MCP is plotted as a negative value (-) indicating discharge.

[0046] As shown in Figure 6, during the discharge process, the operation trend of MCP matches the 45-degree curve, and in addition to having no unexpected peaks, it finally returns to zero. In Figure 7, the curve of MCP during the discharge process of the battery pack has no peaks and returns to zero after about 300 minutes.

[0047] As described above, the method and apparatus for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect battery performance can determine the current power state of the battery using the maximum current power, optimize the interaction between the battery and the load, ensure the stability and efficiency of the battery power supply, and improve the energy efficiency of the battery.

[0048] The data structures and codes described in this specification are generally stored on a computer-readable medium and can be any device or medium that can store codes and / or data for use in a computer system. The computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, disk drives, magnetic tapes, magnetic and optical storage devices such as CDs (Compact Discs), DVDs (Digital Versatile Discs, or Digital Video Discs), or other media known currently or developed later that can store codes and / or data.

[0049] The methods and processes described in the detailed description section can be embodied as codes and / or data, and this code and / or data can be stored on a computer-readable medium as described above. When a computer system reads and executes the code and / or data stored on the computer-readable medium, the computer system executes the methods and processes embodied as data structures and codes and stored within the computer-readable medium.

[0050] Furthermore, the methods and processes described in this specification can be included in hardware modules or devices. These modules or devices include, but are not limited to, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), specific software modules, or dedicated or shared processors that execute code snippets at specific times, and / or other programmable logic devices known currently or developed later. When the hardware module or device is activated, it executes the methods and processes contained therein.

[0051] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of a sample approach. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure. The claims present the elements of various steps in a sample order and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0052] In order to modify claim elements, the use of ordinal terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc. in a claim does not in itself mean a priority, precedence, order, or temporal order in which acts of a method are performed with respect to other claim elements of a claim element, but is merely used as a label to distinguish a claim element having a certain name from other claim elements (using ordinal terms) having the same name.

[0053] Although the present disclosure has been described from the perspective of preferred embodiments by way of example, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the present disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as will be apparent to those skilled in the art). Accordingly, the claims should be given the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0054] 100... System 110... Power Supply 120... Power Selector 130... Main Power Supply Device 140... Battery Charger 150... Battery Pack 160... Processor 170... Power Management Unit 180... Warning Device 210... Battery Cell 220... Controller 230…Secondary protection IC 240…Thermal resistor 250…Detection resistor 260…Self-cut protector 272…Thermal fuse 274…Field-effect transistor (FET) for discharging 276…Field-effect transistor for charging 280…Positive terminal 282…Negative terminal 284…Data line 286…Clock line 300…Method S305, S310, S315, S320…Steps

Claims

1. A method for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance, comprising: determining whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within limit specifications; obtaining a maximum current power when the temperature and the current of the battery cell are within the limit specifications; performing an operation based on the maximum current power; The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

2. 2. The method for monitoring and protecting battery performance using artificial intelligence as described in claim 1, wherein the maximum current power is obtained based on a relative remaining capacity (RSOC), a voltage, a system impedance value, an optimization parameter, and a battery impedance value of the battery cell.

3. The maximum current power is expressed by the following formula: MCP=D / ((E+F+G))×B 3. The method for monitoring and protecting battery performance using artificial intelligence as described in claim 2, wherein B is the RSOC, D is the voltage, E is the system impedance value, F is the optimization parameter, and G is the battery impedance value.

4. The method for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optimization parameters are generated by a large-scale language model (LLM) or a large-scale data model.

5. Determining whether the temperature and the current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within the limit specifications includes:

2. The method of claim 1 for artificial intelligence-based battery performance monitoring and protection, comprising determining whether the temperature of the battery cell is within an operating temperature range, whether the current is within an overcurrent protection (OCP) operating limit, and whether the current is within a short circuit protection operating limit.

6. performing the operation based on the maximum current power, 2. The method for artificial intelligence monitoring and protecting battery performance as described in claim 1, further comprising the step of: sending a notification message to a processor when the indicator corresponding to the maximum current power is below a threshold value to inform the processor of the power state currently supported by the battery cells.

7. 2. The method of claim 1 for artificial intelligence monitoring and protecting battery performance, further comprising the step of: performing a protective action on the battery cell if the temperature and current of the battery cell are not within limit specifications.

8. A device that uses artificial intelligence to monitor and protect the performance of a battery, Equipped with a battery pack, The battery pack includes: A battery cell; A controller; The controller, determining whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within limit specifications; obtaining a maximum current power when the temperature and the current of the battery cell are within the limit specifications; performing an operation based on the maximum current power; and An apparatus operative to perform the following:

9. 9. The device for monitoring and protecting battery performance using artificial intelligence as described in claim 8, wherein the maximum current power is obtained based on a relative remaining capacity (RSOC), a voltage, a system impedance value, an optimization parameter, and a battery impedance value of the battery cell.

10. The maximum current power is expressed by the following formula: MCP=D / ((E+F+G))×B 10. The device for monitoring and protecting battery performance using artificial intelligence as described in claim 9, wherein B is the RSOC, D is the voltage, E is the system impedance value, F is the optimization parameter, and G is the battery impedance value.

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