Press machine

Abstract

To provide a press machine and a processing method that can shorten tact time, reduce effort, and / or improve safety in processing of a member with a complicated shape.SOLUTION: A press machine 1 has a first lower die 10 installed on a lower table 3, and a first upper die 30 and a second upper die 40 that are selectively movable to a processing position and move vertically by action of a lamb 4. The press machine 1 includes: a vertical movable part of which upper surface height is approximately the same as a vertical fixed part in a no-load state and which can move up and down with respect to the first lower die 10; a rotary part of which rear end position approximately corresponds with the vertical fixed part when the first upper die 30 is in the processing position, the rotary part rotating such that its rear end moves to the lower position of the vertical fixed part by the front end being pushed by a movable push part which moves upward with the movable push part, which is movable up and down with respect to the lamb 4; and a fixed pushing part that is fixed being immobile with respect to the lamb 4, the rear end position of the fixed pushing part approximately corresponding with the vertical movable part when the second upper die 40 is in the processing position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a press machine for bending workpieces such as sheet metal and a method for bending workpieces.

Background Art

[0002] In bending by a press machine such as a panel bender, there are positive bending and reverse bending. Positive bending is a method of bending a workpiece by sandwiching the workpiece between a concave lower die and a convex upper die. Reverse bending is a method of bending a workpiece by sandwiching the workpiece between a convex lower die and a concave upper die.

[0003] When performing complex processing such as hat processing or square pipe processing using a press machine, it is necessary to repeatedly perform positive bending and reverse bending, and each time, rotation or turning over (flipping) of the workpiece is required. As shown in FIG. 8, "rotation" means rotating the workpiece W around the normal direction N of the main surface S (the main surface of the workpiece W), and "turning over" means rotating the workpiece W around the direction H parallel to the main surface S.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Patent Document 4

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] As described above, in multiple processes using a press machine, the number of rotations / reversals of the workpiece and the number of die changes increase, resulting in excessive working labor and / or an increase in tact time. In particular, when a large / super heavy workpiece W with longitudinal and lateral dimensions of several meters or more, a plate thickness of 3 mm or more, and a weight of several tens of kilograms or more is used, the rotation and reversal operations of the workpiece are extremely difficult, and safety problems may also occur.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a press machine capable of performing forward bending and reverse bending processes, which can reduce labor during processing, improve safety, and / or shorten processing time.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0007] The following inventions are disclosed in the present application. <Configuration 1> A press machine having a first lower die installed on a lower table, a first upper die and a second upper die that are selectively movable to a processing position and move up and down by the operation of the upper table, wherein the first lower die has a vertically fixed portion that cannot move up and down with respect to the first lower die and a vertically movable portion that is adjacent to the front of the vertically fixed portion and can move up and down with respect to the first lower die, the upper surface height of which is substantially the same as that of the vertically fixed portion in a no-load state, wherein the first upper die has a movable pressing portion that can move up and down with respect to the upper table, the rear end position of which substantially coincides with the vertically fixed portion at the processing position, and a rotary portion that rotates such that the front end is pushed by the movable pressing portion moving upward and the rear end moves to below the vertically fixed portion, wherein the second upper die has a fixed pressing portion that is fixed so as not to move up and down with respect to the upper table, the rear end position of which substantially coincides with the vertically movable portion at the processing position A press machine characterized by the above. <Configuration 2> The first lower die further has a lower backup portion that can be fixedly fixed so as not to move with respect to the first lower die. The first upper mold further has a first upper backup part that can be fixedly immovable relative to the upper table, The press machine according to Configuration 1, wherein the rotation of the first upper mold is restricted by the engagement of the first upper backup part with the lower backup part when the upper table descends. <Configuration 3> The second upper mold further has a second upper backup part that can be fixedly immovable relative to the upper table, The press machine according to Configuration 2, wherein the rotation of the second upper mold is restricted by the engagement of the second upper backup part with the lower backup part when the upper table descends. <Configuration 4> The first lower mold further has a lower cam part that can move back and forth together with the vertical fixing part, The second upper mold further has an upper cam part that can be fixedly immovable relative to the upper table, The lower cam part has a lower tapered surface, the upper cam part has an upper tapered surface that can slide relative to the lower tapered surface, and when the lower backup part and the second upper backup part engage, the lower tapered surface and the upper tapered surface slide, so that the vertical fixing part is biased toward the vertical movable part. The press machine according to Configuration 3 is characterized in that. <Configuration 5> The press machine according to Configuration 4, wherein the vertical fixing part and the lower cam part can be switched between being able to move back and forth and not being able to move back and forth. <Configuration 6> It further has a second lower mold having a V-groove installed on the lower table and a third upper mold having a V-projection that moves up and down by the operation of the upper table, The first and second lower molds can selectively move to the lower mold processing position of the lower table, and the first to third upper molds can selectively move to the processing position. The press machine according to any one of Configurations 1 to 5 is characterized in that.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] FIG. 1 shows the press machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the main part of the press machine 1 in a sectional view taken along the line A - A in FIG. 1.

[0010] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the press machine 1 has left and right frames 2, a lower table 3 fixed to the frames 2, and an upper table (ram) 4 that can move up and down relative to the lower table 3 by a drive source such as a servo motor. Since the upper and lower tables 3 and 4 only need to be able to approach / separate from each other, a form in which the upper table 4 is fixed and the lower table 3 can move up and down, or a form in which both the upper and lower tables 3 and 4 can move up and down is also possible.

[0011] A lower die 5 is attached onto a lower table 3, and an upper die 6 is attached onto an upper table 4. The lower die 5 preferably has first and second lower dies 10 and 20 that are selectively movable between a processing position and a standby position. The upper die 6 preferably has first to third upper dies 30 to 50 that are selectively movable between a processing position and a standby position. The first to third upper dies 30 to 50 are selectively attachable to the tip 4a of the upper table 4. All the dies 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 are not essential. For example, the second lower die 20 and the third upper die 50 can be omitted.

[0012] In the present application, the "processing position" is a position suitable for processing in the front-rear direction (Y direction in FIG. 2). For example, a position on the axis C of the upper table 4 can be the processing position. More preferably, for the first to third upper dies 30 to 50, the position where they are attached to the ram tip 4a is the processing position, and for the first and second lower dies 10 and 20, it can be a position where bending processing is possible between any of the first to third upper dies 30 to 50 attached to the ram tip 4a. The processing position of the first and second lower dies 10 and 20 may be particularly referred to as the "lower die processing position". The "standby position" is, for example, a position where it does not interfere with other dies 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or the workpiece during processing by other dies 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 at the processing position.

[0013] The method of moving between the processing position and the standby position of each die 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 is arbitrary. For example, the first and second lower dies 10 and 20 are installed on the lower table 3 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and the first and second lower dies 10 and 20 can be selectively moved to the processing position by any driving means 25. The first to third upper dies 30 to 50 can be selectively moved to the processing position (for example, the ram tip 4a) by combining translational movement and rotational movement. As the moving method, for example, any known method shown in Patent Documents 1 to 4 and the like can be adopted.

[0014] FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the lower die 5. As shown in the figure, the lower die 5 has a first lower die 10 and a second lower die 20.

[0015] The first lower die 10 has a vertically fixed portion 11 that cannot move up and down with respect to the lower table 3, and a vertically movable portion 12 adjacent to the front of the vertically fixed portion 11. The vertically fixed portion 11 may be selectively movable in the front-rear direction. "Selectively movable" means that it is possible to switch between a movable state and a non-movable state. The vertically movable portion 12 is biased upward by a biasing means 12a such as a spring. In a state where the vertically movable portion 12 does not receive a load from above (unloaded state), the upper surface heights of the vertically fixed portion 11 and the vertically movable portion 12 are substantially the same, and when receiving a load from above, the vertically movable portion 12 can move downward against the biasing force of the biasing means 12a.

[0016] The first lower die 10 may further have a lower cam portion 13 that can move back and forth together with the vertically fixed portion 11. The lower cam portion 13 may have an inclined lower tapered surface 13a. The press machine 1 may have a control means for controlling whether the vertically fixed portion 11 and the lower cam portion 13 can move back and forth. The control means may have a known configuration. For example, it has a mechanical structure for switching between a state where the vertically fixed portion 11 and the lower cam portion 13 can move back and forth and a state where they cannot move back and forth, and a control unit for electrically controlling the mechanical structure. By operating the control unit, it is possible to switch whether the vertically fixed portion 11 and the lower cam portion 13 can move in the front-rear direction.

[0017] The first lower die 10 may further have a lower backup portion 14. The lower backup portion 14 may be fixed immovably with respect to the first lower die 10 at the processing position. Specifically, it is conceivable that it is immovable in the vertical direction with respect to the vertically fixed portion 11 and immovable in the front-rear direction with respect to the vertically movable portion 12.

[0018] The second lower die 20 may have a V-groove type (a die having a V-shaped groove) 21 that can be fixed with respect to the lower table 3.

[0019] FIG. 4 shows the first upper die 30, the second upper die 40, and the third upper die 50 that constitute the upper die 6.

[0020] As shown in Fig. 4(a), the first upper mold (rotary type) 30 has a movable pressing part 31 and a rotary part 32. The movable pressing part 31 can be attached to the first upper mold 30 so as to be vertically movable with respect to the ram 4 (first upper mold 30). The rear end position of the movable pressing part 31 (the movable pressing part 31 in a state of being attached to the ram tip 4a) when the first upper mold 30 is in the processing position is preferably made to roughly coincide with the rear end position of the vertical fixing part 11 when the first lower mold 10 is in the processing position. The rotary part 32 is an arc-shaped member extending from the front end 32a to the rear end 32b, and is rotatably attached to the first upper mold 30. The attachment method is arbitrary. For example, it is preferable to rotatably support the rotary part 32 by a semi-cylindrical groove 32c provided in the first upper mold 30. The first upper mold 30 preferably has a first upper backup part 33 that hangs down at the rear part of the first upper mold 30. The first upper backup part 33 is preferably fixed so as not to be vertically or longitudinally movable with respect to the ram 4.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 4(b), the second upper mold (ironing mold) 40 has a fixed pressing part 41 that can be fixed so as not to be vertically or longitudinally movable with respect to the ram 4. The rear end position of the fixed pressing part 41 (the fixed pressing part 41 attached to the ram 4) when the second upper mold 40 is in the processing position is preferably made to roughly coincide with the rear end position of the vertical movable part 12 when the first lower mold 10 is in the processing position.

[0022] The second upper mold 40 preferably further has a second upper backup part 42 that hangs down behind the second upper mold 40 and an upper cam part 43 that is arranged spaced apart forward from the second upper backup part 42. The second upper backup part 42 and the upper cam part 43 are preferably fixed so as not to be vertically or longitudinally movable with respect to the ram 4. The upper cam part 43 preferably has an upper tapered surface 43a having an inclination complementary to the lower tapered surface 13a of the lower cam part 13.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 4(c), the third upper mold 50 preferably has a goose-shaped mold (a mold having a V-shaped protrusion) 51 that can be fixed to the ram 4.

[0024] FIG. 5 shows the bending process (rotary bending process) using the first lower die 10 and the first upper die 30. During the process, the first lower die 10 and the first upper die 30 are arranged at the processing position. When the first upper die 30 descends as shown in FIG. 5(b) due to the descent of the ram 4 from the state of FIG. 5(a), the vertical fixing portion 11 biases the movable pressing portion 31 upward via a workpiece (not shown), and the movable pressing portion 31 ascends with respect to the first upper die 30. The ascending movable pressing portion 31 (arrow A in FIG. 5(b)) abuts against the front end 32a of the rotary portion 32 and rotates the rotary portion 32 (arrow B in FIG. 5(b)). As a result, the rear end 32b of the rotary portion 32 moves to a position slightly rearward of the vertical fixing portion 11 and below the upper surface of the vertical fixing portion 11 (arrow C in FIG. 5(b)). Thereby, the front portion of the workpiece is clamped between the vertical fixing portion 11 and the movable pressing portion 31, and the rear portion of the workpiece is clamped between the rear end of the vertical fixing portion 11 and the rear end 32b of the rotary portion 32, and the workpiece is bent downward (rotary bent) by the processing force thereby.

[0025] Furthermore, the rotational force applied to the ram 4 and the first upper die 30 is restricted by the rear surface 33b of the first upper backup portion 33 engaging with (or being supported by) the lower backup portion 14. Thereby, the vertical mobility of the ram 4 and the first upper die 30 is ensured, and the processing accuracy of the workpiece is improved. During the rotary bending process, it is preferable to switch the vertical fixing portion 11 and the lower cam portion 13 to be non-movable back and forth by the above-described control means or the like. Thereby, the front surface 33a of the first upper backup portion 33 engages with (or is supported by) the lower cam portion 13, and the rotational force applied to the ram 4 and the first upper die 30 is further restricted.

[0026] Figure 6 shows the bending process (ironing bending process) using the first lower die 10 and the second upper die 40. During the process, the first lower die 10 and the second upper die 40 are arranged at the processing position. When the second upper die 40 descends as shown in Fig. 6(b) due to the descent of the ram 4 from the state of Fig. 6(a), the contact force (load) of the fixed pressing portion 41 acts on the vertically movable portion 12 via a workpiece (not shown), and the vertically movable portion 12 descends against the biasing force of the biasing means 12a. As a result, the vertically fixed portion 11 rises relative to the fixed pressing portion 41. Thereby, the front portion of the workpiece is clamped between the fixed pressing portion 41 and the vertically movable portion 12, and the rear portion of the workpiece is clamped between the rear end of the fixed pressing portion 41 and the front end of the vertically fixed portion 11, and the workpiece is bent upward (ironed) by the processing force thus generated.

[0027] Furthermore, the lower backup portion 14 engages between the second upper backup portion 42 and the upper cam portion 43, and the rotational force applied to the ram 4 and the first upper die 30 is restricted, so the vertical mobility of the ram 4 and the first upper die 30 is ensured, and the processing accuracy of the workpiece is improved. During the ironing bending process, it is advisable to switch the vertically fixed portion 11 and the lower cam portion 13 to be movable back and forth by means of a control means or the like. In this case, by the sliding of the upper tapered surface 43a of the upper cam portion 43 and the lower tapered surface 13a of the lower cam portion 13, a biasing force can be applied to the vertically movable portion 12 with respect to the vertically fixed portion 11 and the lower cam portion 13. This biasing force serves to suppress the separation between the fixed pressing portion 41 and the vertically fixed portion 11 due to elastic deformation of the fixed pressing portion 41 and the vertically fixed portion 11 caused by the reaction force during the processing of the workpiece, etc., and thus the processing accuracy of the workpiece can be further improved.

[0028] Figure 7 shows the bending process (V-bending process) using the second lower die 20 and the third upper die 50. During the process, the second lower die 20 and the third upper die 50 are arranged at the processing position. When the third upper die 50 descends due to the descent of the ram 4 from the state of Fig. 7, a workpiece (not shown) is V-bent between the V-groove 21 of the second lower die 20 and the V-projection 51 of the third upper die 50.

[0029] In the above press machine 1, as described above, a first lower die 10, a first upper die 30 and a second upper die 40 that can be selectively moved to the processing position are provided. The first lower die 10 has a vertically fixed portion 11 that cannot move vertically with respect to the first lower die 10, and a vertically movable portion 12 that is adjacent to the front of the vertically fixed portion 11 and can move vertically with respect to the first lower die 10 whose upper surface height is substantially the same as that of the vertically fixed portion 11 in the unloaded state. The first upper die 30 has a movable pressing portion 31 that can move vertically with respect to the upper table 4 and whose rear end position substantially coincides with the vertically fixed portion 11 at the processing position, and a rotary portion 32 that rotates such that the front end is pushed by the movable pressing portion 31 that moves upward and the rear end moves below the vertically fixed portion 11. The second upper die 40 has a fixed pressing portion 41 that is fixed so as not to move vertically with respect to the upper table 4 and whose rear end position substantially coincides with the vertically movable portion 12 at the processing position. Therefore, even without turning the workpiece over, etc., forward bending and reverse bending by rotary bending / ironing bending are possible, and labor reduction, safety improvement, and / or shortening of processing time, etc., can be achieved during processing.

[0030] Furthermore, in the above press machine 1, when performing rotary bending, the lower backup portion 14 of the first lower die 10 engages with the first upper backup portion 33 of the first upper die 30, and when performing ironing bending, the lower backup portion 14 of the first lower die 10 engages with the second upper backup portion 42 and the upper cam portion 43 of the second upper die 40. By this, it is possible to suppress the rotational force acting on the ram 4, etc., during bending and improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0031] Furthermore, during ironing bending, it is possible to urge the vertically fixed portion 11 toward the vertically movable portion 12 by the sliding of the upper tapered surface 43a and the lower tapered surface 13a. Thus, it functions to suppress the separation between the fixed pressing portion 41 and the vertically fixed portion 11 due to elastic deformation of the fixed pressing portion 41 and the vertically fixed portion 11 by the reaction force during workpiece processing, etc., and thus the processing accuracy of the workpiece can be further improved.

[0032] Furthermore, in the press machine 1, since it is possible to switch whether or not the lower cam portion 13 moves in the front-rear direction, during rotary bending, the movement of the lower cam portion 13 in the front-rear direction is prohibited, and the lower cam portion 13 is made to function as a rotation restraining member for clamping the first upper backup portion 33 between the lower backup portion 14. During ironing bending, by allowing the movement of the lower cam portion 13 in the front-rear direction, it becomes possible to make it function as a biasing member that biases the vertical fixing portion 11 toward the vertical movable portion 12.

[0033] Furthermore, the press machine 1 may have one or more additional lower dies and / or upper dies such as the second lower die 20 and the third upper die 50 that can be selectively moved to the processing position. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform more diverse bending processes without increasing the labor load of operations such as rotating or turning over the workpiece during the processing steps.

[0034] The specific aspects such as the dimensions, shapes, arrangements, numbers, materials, and the order of performing the bending process in the press machine 1 or its elements described in the above embodiment are examples. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and is not limited by these exemplary descriptions in the embodiment.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0035] 1 ··· Press machine 2 ··· Frame 3 ··· Lower table 4 ··· Upper table 4a ··· Ram tip 5 ··· Lower die 6 ··· Upper die 10 ··· First lower die 11 ··· Vertical fixing portion 12 ··· Vertical movable portion 12a ··· Biasing means 13 ··· Lower cam portion 13a ··· Lower tapered surface 14 ··· Lower backup portion 20 ··· Second lower die 21 ··· V-groove 25 ··· Driving means 30 ··· First upper mold 31 ··· Movable pressing part 32 ··· Rotary part 32a ··· Front end 32b ··· Rear end 32c ··· Groove 33 ··· First upper backup part 33a ··· Front surface 33b ··· Rear surface 40 ··· Second upper mold 41 ··· Fixed pressing part 42 ··· Second upper backup part 43 ··· Upper cam part 43a ··· Upper tapered surface 50 ··· Third upper mold 51 ··· V-shaped protrusion

Claims

1. A press machine having a first lower die installed on a lower table, a first upper die and a second upper die that are selectively movable to a processing position and move up and down by the operation of the upper table, The first lower die, A vertically fixed portion that cannot move up and down with respect to the first lower die, and Adjacent to the front of the vertically fixed portion, a vertically movable portion that can move up and down with respect to the first lower die, the upper surface height of which is substantially the same as that of the vertically fixed portion in the unloaded state, The first upper die, A movable pressing portion that can move up and down with respect to the upper table, the rear end position of which substantially coincides with the vertically fixed portion at the processing position, It has a rotary portion that rotates such that the front end is pushed by the movable pressing portion moving upward and the rear end moves to below the vertically fixed portion, The second upper die, It has a fixed pressing portion that is fixed so as not to be movable up and down with respect to the upper table, the rear end position of which substantially coincides with the vertically movable portion at the processing position. A press machine characterized by the above.

2. The first lower die further has a lower backup portion that can be fixedly immovable with respect to the first lower die, The first upper die further has a first upper backup portion that can be fixedly immovable with respect to the upper table, The press machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation of the first upper die is restricted by the engagement of the first upper backup portion with the lower backup portion when the upper table descends.

3. The second upper die further has a second upper backup portion that can be fixedly immovable with respect to the upper table, The press machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotation of the second upper die is restricted by the engagement of the second upper backup portion with the lower backup portion when the upper table descends.

4. The first lower die further has a lower cam portion that can move back and forth together with the vertical fixing portion. The second upper die further has an upper cam portion that can be fixed immovably with respect to the upper table. The lower cam portion has a lower tapered surface, the upper cam portion has an upper tapered surface slidable with respect to the lower tapered surface, and when the lower backup portion and the second upper backup portion engage, the lower tapered surface and the upper tapered surface slide, so that the vertical fixing portion is biased toward the vertical movable portion. The press machine according to claim 3, characterized in that.

5. The vertical fixing portion and the lower cam portion are characterized in that the ability to move back and forth can be switched. The press machine according to claim 4.

6. It further has a second lower die having a V-groove installed on the lower table and a third upper die having a V-projection that moves up and down by the operation of the upper table. The first and second lower dies are selectively movable to the lower die machining position of the lower table, and the first to third upper dies are selectively movable to the machining position. The press machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that.

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