Cutting auxiliary device and cutting device

Abstract

To provide a cutting auxiliary device and a cutting device that allow processing to be performed efficiently and highly accurately with a simple constitution.SOLUTION: A cutting auxiliary device comprises an injection unit 200 for injecting a liquid 110 in a continuous flow, and for forming droplets 100 from the continuous flow. The droplets 100 are caused to land on at least either a byte 20 or the vicinity 60b of a cutting part of a cutting object 10, whereby minute vibration is induced to at least either the byte 20 or the vicinity 60b of the cutting part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cutting processing auxiliary device and a cutting processing device. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 disclose a method for extending the life of a tool and improving machining accuracy by applying ultrasonic vibration to the tool or the workpiece during machining such as cutting. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-92001 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-173738 [Non-Patent Document 1] Study on ultrasonic vibration drilling of high ductility materials, Proceedings of the 2007 Japan Society for Precision Engineering Spring Meeting, pp891-892 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, the vibrating unit is heavy because it includes the blade fixing unit, and a large actuator and driving energy are required to generate ultrasonic vibrations. Furthermore, in the method described in Patent Document 2, the entire rotating unit is vibrated to apply ultrasonic vibrations to the drill, which poses a problem of requiring a large amount of energy. Furthermore, in the method described in Non-Patent Document 1, it becomes difficult to apply ultrasonic vibrations when the object to be cut is large. Another problem is that the vibration state changes depending on the weight of the object to be cut. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The cutting processing auxiliary device has an ejection section that ejects a liquid in a continuous stream and generates droplets from the continuous stream, and by causing the droplets to land on at least one of the cutting tool and the vicinity of the cutting portion of the object to be cut, induces minute vibrations in at least one of the cutting tool and the vicinity of the cutting portion.

[0006] The cutting processing device includes the cutting processing auxiliary device described above and the cutting tool, and the cutting tool is provided with a droplet reflector that changes the direction of travel of the droplets that have landed on the cutting tool. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a cutting device. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the cutting device. [Figure 3] 3 is an enlarged side view showing a cutting unit of the cutting processing device shown in FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a cutting device according to a modified example. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a cutting device according to a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The configuration of the cutting processing assist device 500 and the configuration of the cutting processing device 1000 will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, three mutually perpendicular axes will be described as the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. The direction along the X-axis is referred to as the "X-direction," the direction along the Y-axis as the "Y-direction," and the direction along the Z-axis as the "Z-direction," with the direction of the arrow being the + direction and the direction opposite to the + direction being the - direction. Note that a view from the +Z direction or the -Z direction is also referred to as a planar view or planar.

[0009] First, the configuration of a cutting device 1000 will be described with reference to FIG.

[0010] 1, the cutting device 1000 is, for example, a lathe that performs machining by bringing a cutting tool into contact with a rotated workpiece 10. The cutting device 1000 includes a cutting tool 20 as a cutting tool that processes the workpiece 10, a tool rest 30 that supports the cutting tool 20, a feed table 40 that moves the tool rest 30, and an ejection unit 200 that causes droplets 100 to land on the cutting tool 20.

[0011] The cutting object 10 is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include a metal material and a resin material. The cutting object 10 is formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape. However, the cutting object 10 is not limited to a cylindrical shape and may be a prismatic shape.

[0012] The workpiece 10 is fixed to a chuck 50 that rotatably supports the workpiece 10 (see FIG. 2). The tool rest 30 moves along the axial direction, allowing cutting at any position. The workpiece 10 rotates counterclockwise when viewed from the machining side in the axial direction.

[0013] The cutting tool 20 has a tip 21, which is the part that cuts the workpiece 10, and a shank 22 (see FIG. 2) to which the tip 21 is fixed. The tip 21 is made of, for example, a material suitable for machining the workpiece 10, such as a superhard material. The cutting tool 20 is fixed to a tool post 30.

[0014] As described above, the tool rest 30 secures the cutting tool 20. Specifically, the tool rest 30 secures the shank 22 of the cutting tool 20. The tool rest 30 is provided with a tool securing lever 31 that secures the cutting tool 20.

[0015] For example, by rotating the blade fixing lever 31 clockwise, the gap between the movable base 32 and the fixed base 33 can be narrowed, allowing the tool tool 20 to be clamped. Also, by rotating the blade fixing lever 31 counterclockwise, the gap between the movable base 32 and the fixed base 33 can be widened, allowing the tool tool 20 to be removed.

[0016] The slide table 40 is capable of moving the tool rest 30, for example, in the +X direction, i.e., toward the axial center of the workpiece 10. On the other hand, the slide table 40 is capable of moving the tool rest 30 in the -X direction, i.e., in the direction away from the workpiece 10.

[0017] The ejection unit 200 is one of the components of the cutting processing auxiliary device 500. A tube (not shown) is connected to the ejection unit 200. The tube is connected to a liquid feed pump that pressure-feeds the liquid 110 to the ejection unit 200 side.

[0018] The jetting unit 200 is provided with a nozzle 201 that jets a continuous flow of liquid 110 pumped from a liquid feed pump. The liquid 110 is, for example, a cutting oil such as a water-soluble oil. The jetted liquid 110 is split by surface tension to generate droplets 100. Specifically, the liquid 110 becomes a droplet train. The jetting unit 200 is attached to a jetting unit fixing base 210 that is arranged on the feed table 40.

[0019] According to Rayleigh's law, the diameter of the droplets 100 is approximately twice the diameter of the nozzle 201. The diameter of the droplets 100 is preferably, for example, 20 μm to 500 μm. If the diameter of the droplets 100 is 20 μm or less, the vibration-imparting capability is insufficient. If the diameter of the droplets 100 is 500 μm or more, the flow rate increases, requiring a larger capacity liquid feed pump and causing the droplets 100 to scatter more. By changing the landing speed of the droplets 100 depending on the material of the workpiece 10, precision machining can be performed while avoiding crushing and erosion caused by the droplets 100.

[0020] The ejection unit 200 is fixed to an ejection unit fixing base 210 so as to cause the droplets 100 to land on the cutting tool 20, specifically, on the vicinity 60a of the cutting portion of the cutting tool 20. Note that the droplets 100 are not limited to landing on the vicinity 60a of the cutting portion of the cutting tool 20, but may also land on the vicinity 60b of the cutting portion of the workpiece 10. It is preferable to cause the droplets 100 to land on at least one of the locations.

[0021] When the droplets 100 land on the cutting tool 20, minute vibrations are induced in the cutting tool 20, specifically, in the vicinity 60a of the cutting part of the cutting tool 20. In this way, minute vibrations are induced by landing the droplets 100 on the cutting tool 20, so it is possible to vibrate only the vicinity 60a of the cutting part of the cutting tool 20, and high-precision machining can be performed with a simple configuration compared to, for example, conventional methods of applying ultrasonic vibrations.

[0022] Specifically, the tip 21 and the workpiece 10 repeatedly come into contact and out of contact due to vibration, resulting in intermittent machining. As a result, cutting force is reduced, machining accuracy is improved, and the cutting oil promotes lubrication and cooling. Furthermore, since machining is performed using the impact energy generated at the moment of contact, this method is suitable for machining high-hardness, brittle materials.

[0023] Furthermore, since only the tip 21a of the tip 21 of the cutting tool 20 is vibrated, the energy required to impart vibration is significantly smaller than that of conventional ultrasonic vibrations, etc. Furthermore, by using the liquid 110 as cutting oil, the cutting oil is supplied to the cutting part, providing lubrication and cooling functions.

[0024] Next, a specific configuration of the cutting apparatus 1000 will be described with reference to Fig. 2. The cutting apparatus 1000 shown in Fig. 2 is a view seen from the processing side in the axial direction of the object 10 to be cut.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting device 1000 includes the cutting tool 20 for cutting the workpiece 10, the tool rest 30, the feed table 40, the ejection unit 200, and the ejection unit fixing table 210, as described above.

[0026] The ejection unit fixing base 210 has an X-direction adjustment block 211, a Y-direction adjustment block 212, and a Z-direction adjustment stand 213. The X-direction adjustment block 211, the Y-direction adjustment block 212, and the Z-direction adjustment stand 213 function as adjustment units that adjust the landing positions of the droplets 100.

[0027] A knob 211a is provided on the X-direction adjustment block 211. By rotating the knob 211a clockwise or counterclockwise, the ejector fixing base 210 can be moved in the +X direction or the −X direction.

[0028] A knob 212a is provided on the Y-direction adjustment block 212. By rotating the knob 212a clockwise or counterclockwise, the ejector fixing base 210 can be moved in the +Y direction or the −Y direction.

[0029] The Z-direction adjustment stand 213 is provided so as to be slidable in the height direction. By pulling up the Z-direction adjustment stand 213 in the +Z direction, the position of the jetting unit fixing base 210 can be raised. By pushing down the Z-direction adjustment stand 213 in the -Z direction, the position of the jetting unit fixing base 210 can be lowered.

[0030] In this way, since the X-direction adjustment block 211, the Y-direction adjustment block 212, and the Z-direction adjustment stand 213 are provided, even if the positions of the tip 21 or the workpiece 10 change, the droplets 100 can be made to land near the cutting portion 60. Therefore, it is possible to flexibly respond to the type of tip 21, the size of the workpiece 10, etc.

[0031] Furthermore, since an X-direction adjustment block 211, a Y-direction adjustment block 212, and a Z-direction adjustment stand 213 are provided, the landing position of the droplets 100 can be adjusted in at least one of three mutually perpendicular axes. In this way, since the landing position of the droplets 100 is adjusted by adjusting at least one axis, it is possible to move the spray unit 200 in the horizontal or vertical direction, for example. Furthermore, once the landing position is adjusted, the relative position of the blade and the nozzle does not change on the slide table 40, so the cutting edge can be vibrated regardless of the movement of the blade in the X and Y directions.

[0032] The cutting processing auxiliary device 500 is equipped with a camera 220 as an imaging unit in addition to the above-described spray unit 200. The camera 220 images the landing position of the droplet 100. Specifically, it is difficult to visually determine whether the droplet 100 has landed on the tip 21 of the cutting tool 20. Therefore, the camera 220 is used to image the tip 21 to determine whether the positional relationship between the tip 21 and the droplet 100 is as desired. When the droplet 100 has landed on the cutting object 10, an image of the vicinity 60b of the cutting portion of the cutting object 10 is captured.

[0033] It is preferable to display and check the captured images and videos on a monitor as a display unit. This allows the images and videos to be enlarged and displayed on the monitor, making it possible to check parts that are difficult to distinguish visually.

[0034] In this way, since the camera 220 is provided, the landing position of the droplet 100, which cannot be determined visually, can be confirmed by enlarging it on the monitor. Therefore, even with a minute cutting tool 20 or cutting object 10, the landing position of the droplet 100 can be adjusted while checking the monitor, so that the droplet 100 can land on the targeted part.

[0035] The cutting processing assist device 500 preferably includes an indicator (not shown) near the ejection part 200, which indicates the landing position of the droplets 100. The indicator is, for example, a laser beam. However, the indicator is not limited to a laser beam, and any other means may be used as long as it can indicate the landing position of the droplets 100.

[0036] Specifically, the ejection unit 200 and the indicator are adjusted in advance so that the landing position of the droplets 100 coincides with the irradiation position of the laser light. In this way, because the laser light is irradiated, it is possible to determine which part the droplets 100 have landed on, even if the landing position is unclear, for example, because the droplets 100 scatter when they land.

[0037] Next, the configuration of the droplet reflecting portion 25 provided on the cutting tool 20 will be described with reference to FIG.

[0038] 3, the cutting tool 20 has a tip 21 that cuts the workpiece 10, and a shank 22 that supports and fixes the tip 21. A droplet reflecting portion 25 having an inclined surface is provided in the shank 22 near the tip 21.

[0039] The droplet reflecting portion 25 has a function of changing the traveling direction of the droplet 100 that has landed on the cutting tool 20, specifically, on the shank 22. The angle of the inclined surface of the droplet reflecting portion 25 is formed, for example, so that the droplet 100 reflected from the inclined surface lands on at least one of the front end 21a of the tip 21 and the vicinity 60b of the cutting portion of the workpiece 10.

[0040] In this way, since the droplet reflecting section 25 is provided, the droplets vibrate the shank 22 at the droplet reflecting section 25, and then the droplets collide and become mist, which are sprayed onto both the tip 21a of the tip 21 and the vicinity 60b of the cutting section of the workpiece 10, making it possible to supply cutting oil to the cutting section, thereby efficiently cooling and lubricating the tip 21 and the workpiece 10.

[0041] As described above, the cutting processing auxiliary device 500 of this embodiment includes an ejection unit 200 that ejects a continuous stream of liquid 110 and generates droplets 100 from the continuous stream. The droplets 100 impact at least one of the tool bit 20 and the cutting portion vicinity 60b of the workpiece 10, thereby inducing micro-vibrations in at least one of the tool bit 20 and the cutting portion vicinity 60b. This configuration, whereby micro-vibrations are induced by impacting the droplets 100 on the tool bit 20 or the cutting portion vicinity 60b, makes it possible to vibrate only the tool bit 20 or the cutting portion vicinity 60b. This reduces the energy required for vibration compared to conventional ultrasonic vibrations, enabling efficient, high-precision machining with a simple configuration. Furthermore, by using the liquid 110 as cutting oil, the cutting oil is supplied to the cutting portion, providing both lubrication and cooling functions.

[0042] Furthermore, the cutting processing auxiliary device 500 of this embodiment preferably includes an adjustment unit that adjusts the landing position of the droplets 100. With this configuration, since the adjustment unit is provided, even if the position of the tip 21 of the cutting tool 20 or the workpiece 10 changes, the droplets 100 can be landed on the tip 21 or the workpiece 10. Therefore, it is possible to flexibly respond to the type of tip 21, the size of the workpiece 10, etc.

[0043] In the cutting processing assist device 500 of this embodiment, it is preferable that the adjustment unit adjusts the landing position of the droplets 100 in at least one of three mutually perpendicular axes. With this configuration, the landing position of the droplets 100 is adjusted by adjusting at least one axis, so that the ejection unit 200 can be moved in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, for example.

[0044] Furthermore, the cutting processing assist device 500 of this embodiment preferably includes an indicator that indicates the landing position of the droplets 100. With this configuration, since the indicator is provided, even if the landing position is unclear because the droplets 100 scatter when they land, it is possible to determine which part the droplets 100 are landing on by irradiating the device with laser light or the like.

[0045] Furthermore, the cutting processing auxiliary device 500 of this embodiment preferably includes a camera 220 that captures an image of the landing position of the droplet 100. With this configuration, since the camera 220 is provided, the landing position of the droplet 100, which cannot be determined visually, can be enlarged and confirmed on a monitor. Therefore, even with a fine tip 21a of the cutting tool 20 or the workpiece 10, the droplet 100 can be landed on the targeted portion by adjusting the landing position of the droplet 100 while checking the monitor.

[0046] The cutting apparatus 1000 of this embodiment also includes the cutting auxiliary device 500 described above and the cutting tool 20, which is provided with a droplet reflector 25 that changes the direction of the droplets 100 that have landed on the cutting tool 20. With this configuration, the droplet reflector 25 makes it possible to cause the droplets 100 to land on the cutting portion even if, for example, the cutting position fluctuates as the cutting process progresses. Furthermore, the droplet reflector 25 makes it possible to supply cutting oil to the cutting portion, thereby efficiently cooling and lubricating the tip 21 and the workpiece 10 to be cut.

[0047] Modifications of the above-described embodiment will now be described.

[0048] As described above, the cutting device 1000 is not limited to being a lathe, but may be a drilling machine that performs hole drilling by rotating the drill 320 as a cutting tool. The drilling machine is a processing device that performs hole drilling by rotating the drill 320.

[0049] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the modified cutting processing apparatus 1001 includes a cutting object 10 fixed to a table 310 using a fixing device (not shown), a drill 320 for drilling holes in the cutting object, a chuck 330 for fixing the drill 320, an ejection unit 340 for ejecting droplets 100 onto the drill 320, a stand 350 for fixing the ejection unit 340, and a tube 360 ​​for supplying liquid 110 to the ejection unit 340.

[0050] The ejection unit 340 ejects the liquid 110 in a continuous stream from a nozzle 341 (see FIG. 5 ) provided in the ejection unit 340, causing the droplets 100 to land on the drill 320. It is preferable that the droplets 100 land on the interface between the drill 320 and the workpiece 10 to be cut. Note that the droplets 100 are not limited to landing on the drill 320, and may instead land on the workpiece 10 to be cut.

[0051] When the droplets 100 land on the drill 320, minute vibrations are induced in the drill 320. In this way, minute vibrations are induced by landing the droplets 100 on the drill 320, so it becomes possible to vibrate the drill 320, for example, and high-precision machining can be performed with a simple configuration compared to, for example, conventional methods such as applying ultrasonic vibrations. Furthermore, by applying cutting oil as the droplets 100, the cutting oil can enter the inside of the hole being drilled, thereby providing lubrication and cooling.

[0052] As described above, the droplet reflecting unit 25 is not limited to being provided on the shank 22 of the tool 20, and as shown in Fig. 5, the droplet reflecting unit 325 may be provided on a cutting device 1001, which is a drilling machine. Specifically, the droplet reflecting unit 325 is formed in a cone shape and is provided at the base of the drill 320. The drill 320 is fixed to a chuck 330. The chuck 330 is rotatably attached to a processing machine body 356. The spraying unit 340 is fixed to the processing machine body 356 via an arm 355.

[0053] In this way, since the drill 320 is provided with the droplet reflecting portion 325, the droplets 100 can be made to land on the drill 320, even if the machining position fluctuates as the cutting process progresses. Furthermore, the droplets that have been misted by the droplet reflecting portion are reflected back onto the cutting portion, enabling efficient cooling and lubrication. The droplets 100 may also be made to land on the workpiece 10 to be cut. Therefore, by using the droplets 100 as cutting oil, the cutting portion can be lubricated and cooled.

[0054] As described above, the cutting processing assist device 500 is not limited to application to lathes and drills, but may also be applied to milling machines and the like. [Explanation of symbols]

[0055] 10...workpiece to be cut, 20...bite as cutting tool, 21...chip, 21a...tip, 22...shank, 25...droplet reflecting portion, 30...tool rest, 31...tool fixing lever, 32...movable base, 33...fixed base, 40...feed base, 50...chuck, 60, 60a, 60b...near cutting portion, 100...droplet, 110...liquid, 200...spray portion, 201...nozzle, 210...spray portion fixing base, 211...X as adjustment portion Direction adjustment block, 212...Y direction adjustment block as adjustment unit, 213...Z direction adjustment stand as adjustment unit, 220...camera as imaging unit, 310...table, 320...drill as cutting tool, 325...droplet reflecting unit, 330...chuck, 340...spray unit, 341...nozzle, 350...stand, 360...tube, 500...cutting processing auxiliary device, 1000, 1001...cutting processing device.

Claims

1. an ejection unit that ejects a liquid in a continuous stream and generates droplets from the continuous stream; A cutting processing auxiliary device that induces minute vibrations in at least one of the cutting tool and the vicinity of the cutting portion of the object to be cut by causing the droplets to land on at least one of the cutting tool and the vicinity of the cutting portion.

2. The cutting processing auxiliary device according to claim 1, The cutting processing auxiliary device includes an adjustment unit that adjusts the landing position of the droplets.

3. The cutting processing auxiliary device according to claim 2, The adjustment unit adjusts the landing position of the droplets in at least one of three axes that are perpendicular to each other.

4. The cutting processing auxiliary device according to claim 1, A cutting processing assist device comprising an indicator that indicates the landing position of the droplet.

5. The cutting processing auxiliary device according to claim 1, The cutting processing auxiliary device includes an imaging unit that images the landing position of the droplet.

6. The cutting processing auxiliary device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The cutting tool; Equipped with The cutting tool is provided with a droplet reflector that changes the direction of travel of the droplets that have landed on the cutting tool.

Images