Liquid-based articles, liquid blended articles, liquid final articles, biodegradable solid articles and methods for making biodegradable articles

Abstract

Liquid-based articles, liquid formulated articles, liquid finished articles, biodegradable solid articles and methods for making biodegradable articles are provided. [Solution] The present invention relates to a liquid base article comprising vegetable oil, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat and nitrilotriethanol; a liquid compounded article comprising a base article and an organic surfactant, a catalyst, a reagent, and / or water; a liquid final article comprising the compounded article and at least an isocyanate, a biodegradable solid article formed from the liquid final article, and a process for producing the biodegradable articles.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to semi-rigid and rigid biodegradable articles and possible combinations thereof for packaging, insulation, civil engineering and various other applications, as well as processes for obtaining such articles.More specifically, the present invention relates to biodegradable articles and manufacturing processes for such articles, which constitute a sustainable alternative to articles manufactured with EPS (expanded polystyrene) and PU (fossil polyurethane), and the articles according to the present invention are fully recyclable, non-toxic and biodegradable.

[0002] The present invention relates to a liquid article called BASE MIXTURE, which is a liquid formed from a mixture of one of the following components: vegetable oil, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat, with nitrilotriethanol.

[0003] The present invention relates to a liquid article referred to as a FORMULATED MIXTURE, which is a liquid formed from a mixture of one of vegetable oils, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fats with a nitrilotriethanol component, which is further mixed with organic surfactants, catalysts, reagents, and / or water.

[0004] The present invention relates to a liquid article called the FINAL MIXTURE, which is a liquid formed from a mixture of one of vegetable oils, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat components with nitrilotriethanol, which is further mixed with organic surfactants, catalysts, reagents, water, and / or isocyanates. [Background technology]

[0005] Description of the Prior Art Currently, for packaging, insulation, and civil engineering uses, the main articles used are EPS (commonly known as expanded polystyrene or isopor) and PU (polyurethane foam). EPS is widely used in the manufacture of packaging for household appliances due to its low apparent density and low cost, and is also widely used in civil engineering and insulation. PU is commonly used in vehicle seats, mattresses, pillows, and insulation.

[0006] These articles are not biodegradable and therefore are harmful to the environment upon disposal. Based on the knowledge available in the prior art, the increasing use of these articles does not have a viable practical solution for their safe and non-polluting disposal.

[0007] In this specification, the term "biodegradable article" should be understood to mean, inter alia, an article, part, molding, accessory, tool, device, packaging, or artifact, the properties of which allow natural decomposition. For an article to be considered biodegradable, a generally applicable rule is that physical changes in the article towards decomposition must be present within 6 months of the article's disposal. As shown below, the article according to the invention starts to decompose during the first 15 (fifteen) days of exposure to the sun, and after 90 days it is already under clear biodegradation.

[0008] EPS and PU are not biodegradable and are difficult to recycle. In developed countries, recycling of these items amounts to only 40% of waste. In Brazil and other less developed countries, less than 10% of waste is recycled.

[0009] Furthermore, EPS is rated as a carcinogen that is found in large quantities in oceans worldwide. Fragments of EPS discarded from electronic packaging can be found in small, medium or large amounts in water bodies, washed there in an improper manner or washed into stormwater, and carried to rivers and ultimately to the ocean.

[0010] These aquatic environments are adversely affected by the constant influx of EPS. When these pieces collide with each other and with other plastic floating in the ocean, the EPS breaks down into millions of pieces, which accumulate over the years in large quantities, forming islands that can be seen from the International Space Station.

[0011] These microplastics produced by EPS can absorb and concentrate toxic chemicals such as pesticides and heavy metals (such as mercury and lead) found primarily in rivers, lakes and oceans, making them potential pollutants, especially if consumed by aquatic wildlife. This makes their presence in the marine environment dangerous, as fish, turtles, whales, dolphins and other marine animals may confuse these microplastics with marine life, eat them and become toxic, endangering the entire food chain.

[0012] In view of the environmental and health concerns caused by EPS products, several major international retailers who purchase home appliances from multinational manufacturers have already stated that they will not accept EPS-packaged products after 2022. Leroy Merlin, Walmart, etc. have already sent official written notices to home appliance manufacturers.

[0013] However, no solutions are known in the art that can replace EPS and PU articles in terms of trade, application, practicality and possibility of proper disposal. No articles are known that can replace the physical properties of EPS and PU and at the same time allow environmentally friendly disposal by natural biodegradation. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0014] Object of the invention In response to the problems described in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a non-toxic, recyclable and biodegradable article for packaging, insulation, civil engineering and other purposes as a sustainable alternative to EPS and PU. Due to its technical characteristics, the article according to the present invention can also be used as a replacement for cardboard, articles or packaging made of cellulose fibers. Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide an article that can be used as fertilizer after disposal.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide an article having lower density together with better mechanical strength properties than EPS and PU, designed to completely replace both EPS and PU in the manufacture of packaging and insulation.

[0016] Yet another object of the present invention is to enable the use of natural ingredients from renewable sources that do not directly compete with the food chain, such as "frying oil", a mixture of vegetable oils and animal fats collected from restaurants, snack bars, apartment complexes, etc., resulting in the reuse of items that would otherwise be discarded, thus avoiding the contamination of groundwater with discarded cooking oil.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention is intended to avoid harming animals when ingested, and is in complete contrast to EPS and fossil PU, which are not broken down in the animal's digestive system when ingested, poisoning and killing the species.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to reduce carbon emissions into the atmosphere and to use components from renewable sources to replace articles and their applications that use oil-based sources as the basis for their manufacture.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid or paste product for the manufacture of biodegradable articles, thus simplifying and increasing the efficiency of the production chain. [Means for solving the problem]

[0020] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention relates to a liquid-based article comprising a first base mixture component mixed with a second base mixture component, wherein the first base mixture component is selected from at least one from the group of vegetable oils, blond glycerin, and / or animal fats, and the second base mixture component is selected from at least one from the group of nitrilotriethanol, amines, glycols, polyglycols, pentaerythritol, trimethylpropane, and / or organic acids. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a process for obtaining a biodegradable article according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of one embodiment of a biodegradable article according to the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of one embodiment of a biodegradable article according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The second base mixture component may be nitrilotriethanol having a purity of 70% to 100%. The nitrilotriethanol purity is defined by the presence of impurities, the impurities being at least one from the group of water, nitrilodiethanol, and / or nitrilomonoethanol. Optionally, the hydroxyl value of the first base mixture component is 0.1 to 163, and the hydroxyl value of the liquid article is in the range of 200 to 300. The amount of the second base mixture component is defined by the desired hydroxyl value of the liquid article based on the hydroxyl value of the first base mixture component. The liquid base article may include 63% to 90% of the first base mixture component and 10% to 37% of the second base mixture component. The liquid base article may include 100 g to 600 g of the second base mixture component for every 1000 g of the first base mixture component.

[0023] The present invention also relates to a liquid-formulated article comprising a liquid-based article mixed with an expansion agent and at least one from the group of organic surfactants, catalysts, and / or reagents, the expansion agent being selected from at least one from the group of water, isopentane, cyclopentane, and / or hydrogenated chlorofluorocarbons.

[0024] The catalyst is selected from at least one of the following groups: dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutylcobalt dilaurate, cobalt octoate, diazabicyclooctane, and / or dimethylcyclohexylamine. The organic surfactant is selected from at least one of the following groups: silicone and / or water-soluble silicone. The reagent is selected from at least one of the following groups: diethylene glycol, monoethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and / or nitrilotriethanol.

[0025] The liquid compounded article may include 47.88% to 74.7% of a first base mixture component, 9.1% to 33.21% of a second base mixture component, 2.5% to 4.6% silicone, 0.01% to 0.15% diazabicyclooctane, 0.01% to 0.076% dibutyltin dilaurate, 1.7% to 1.9% diethylene glycol, and 10% to 15% water.

[0026] The present invention also relates to a liquid final article comprising a liquid compounded article mixed with an isocyanate. The isocyanate may be MDI, and the isocyanate comprises nitrogen-carbon-oxygen NCO varying between 10% and 35%. The liquid final article may comprise 33.33% to 55.55% of the liquid compounded article, and 44.44% to 66.66% of the isocyanate.

[0027] The present invention also relates to a process for producing a biodegradable article, the process comprising: producing a base article, the producing the base article comprising mixing a first base mixture component with a second base mixture component, the first base mixture component being selected from at least one of the group of vegetable oils, blond glycerin, and / or animal fats, the second base mixture component being selected from at least one of the group of nitrilotriethanol, amines, glycols, polyglycols, pentaerythritol, trimethylpropane, and / or organic acids, the process comprising producing a compounded article, the producing the compounded article comprising mixing the base article with an organic surfactant, catalyst, and / or reagent, and gradually introducing a swelling agent during the period of mixing the base article with the organic surfactant, catalyst, and / or reagent. The swelling agent is selected from at least one of the group of water, isopentane, cyclopentane, and / or hydrogenated chlorofluorocarbons. The step of forming the base article comprises heating the first base mixture component to a temperature between 50°C and 70°C prior to mixing with the second base mixture component, the mixing being carried out for a period ranging from 60 minutes to 120 minutes. The step of forming the compounded article comprises a mixing period having a duration ranging from 60 minutes to 120 minutes. The process may comprise a step of forming a liquid final article, the step of forming the liquid final article comprising mixing the compounded article with an isocyanate, the isocyanate being MDI with nitrogen-carbon-oxygen NCO varying between 10% and 35%. The process may comprise shaping the liquid final article by exothermic reaction and / or polymerization to obtain a solid final article.

[0028] The present invention also relates to a biodegradable solid article comprising the polymerized liquid final article in a solid state.

[0029] The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of examples of embodiment shown in the drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process for biodegradable articles according to one embodiment of the present invention. According to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the process is divided into three phases: phase 1, in which a base mixture is produced, phase 2, in which a compounded mixture is produced, and phase 3, in which a final mixture is produced.

[0031] The process of producing the final mixture is carried out in an injector, which involves the mixing of the compounded mixture with isocyanate, MDI in measured amounts, and injecting the final mixture to produce a solid final article that is a biodegradable article, with two alternatives: semi-rigid foam or rigid foam.

[0032] The term "base mixture" is also used for base article or liquid base article and may be understood as the article resulting from phase 1. The base article may be used and / or sold individually to subsequently produce a compounded mixture, or may be used for other suitable purposes not specified herein above.

[0033] The term "blended mixture" is also used in reference to a blended article or liquid blended article and may be understood as an article resulting from phase 2. The blended article may be used and / or sold separately to subsequently produce a final mixture or mixtures, or may be used for any other suitable purpose not specified herein above.

[0034] The term "final mixture" is also used for the final product or liquid final product, which may be understood as the product resulting from phase 3.

[0035] The term "generate" should be understood in the context of the present invention as conceptualizing, producing, or obtaining something. Therefore, it should be interpreted broadly and not limited to a narrow understanding of its meaning.

[0036] The term "phase" should be understood in the same way as the term "step", which is used in the context of the present invention as a step that may include one or more steps or sub-steps.

[0037] The base mixture or base article is a liquid article obtained from a mixture composed of two articles for the production of a liquid base. This base mixture is formed by a mixture of vegetable oils, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fats (first base mixture component) and nitrilotriethanol (second base mixture component). Instead of nitrilotriethanol, other amines, glycols or polyglycols can be used and organic acids can be used, provided that they comply with the hydroxyl value stated below. It is important to emphasize that nitrilotriethanol can have a purity ranging from 70% to 100% and can contain impurities such as water, nitrilodiethanol or nitrilomonoethanol. In one embodiment, possible and preferred substitutes for nitrilotriethanol are pentaerythritol and trimethylpropane, examples of polyglycols that perform the same function in the formulation.

[0038] In order to form a base mixture capable of constituting a rigid or semi-rigid biodegradable solid article according to the present invention, it is necessary to reach a hydroxyl number of 200 to 300, preferably 210 to 250, more preferably 215 to 230. In a preferred embodiment, the hydroxyl number is preferably 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229 or 230, or any range between the indicated values.

[0039] The above-mentioned hydroxyl value is a determining factor for obtaining the properties of the biodegradable solid final article. All vegetable oils, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fats have different hydroxyl values ​​ranging from about 0.1 to 163. Regardless of the hydroxyl content of the vegetable oils, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fats, it is necessary to add nitrilotriethanol or its substitute until the mixture reaches a hydroxyl value within the parameters already mentioned, or more preferably, 215 to 230.

[0040] Nitrilotriethanol has the function of balancing and increasing the hydroxyl value. Thus, the higher its proportion in the base mixture, the higher the hydroxyl value of the resulting base mixture. Similarly, the lower the hydroxyl value of the basic components, i.e., vegetable oils, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fats, the more nitrilotriethanol needs to be added to bring the hydroxyl value to the desired parameter.

[0041] Thus, the mixture of nitrilotriethanol with vegetable oils and / or blond glycerin and / or animal fats provides the technical effect of lengthening the oil molecular chains, or the length of the hydroxyl molecular chains, thereby reaching the desired values, such as 215-230. This elongation ensures the biodegradability of the material / article according to the invention.

[0042] The blended mixture or blended article is a liquid article resulting from the embodiment of the above-mentioned liquid base mixture with water, organic surfactant, catalyst, and reagent components to form a liquid blended article, which when mixed with an isocyanate catalyst, as already described above, forms a solid article, which is one of the articles that can be obtained from the present invention.

[0043] In one embodiment, the biodegradable end article comprises the following ingredients: vegetable oil, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat; nitrilotriethanol, and / or pentaerythritol, and / or trimethylpropane; water; organic surfactants, and / or catalysts, and / or reagents; and isocyanates.

[0044] In one embodiment, the biodegradable end article comprises 15.80% to 41.49% vegetable oil, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat; 2.53% to 17.05% nitrilotriethanol; 3.33% to 8.33% water; 0.833% to 2.55% organic surfactant, and / or 0.009% to 0.1333% catalyst, and / or 1.066% to 2.45% reagent; and 44.44% to 66.66% isocyanate.

[0045] In one embodiment, the amount of vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat is preferably 15.80%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, or 41.49%, or any range between the recited values.

[0046] In one embodiment, the amount of nitrilotriethanol is preferably 2.53%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, or 17.05%, or any range between the values ​​indicated.

[0047] In one embodiment, the amount of isocyanate is preferably 44.44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66% or 66.66%, or any range between the recited values.

[0048] The reaction of the liquid mixture polymerizes the liquid final mixture of the article via an exothermic reaction to form two types of solids: semi-rigid foams, e.g. for use in packaging or for use as insulation; and rigid foams, e.g. for use in civil engineering. Decomposition of the article occurs within 6 months and the article density is less than 10 kg / m 3 ~900kg / m 3 It is.

[0049] The possible range of biodegradable end articles depends on the base mixture produced, which in turn depends on the type of oil used and the amine used, always subject to the hydroxyl number rules mentioned above.

[0050] A range of embodiments of final article formulations are provided below.

[0051] Scope of final article formulation:

[0052] Depending on the final mixture produced and the desired hardness and mechanical strength, the ranges shown below are possible.

[0053] Final mixture with MDI: Blended mixture - 33.33% to 55.55%; and MDI - 44.44% to 66.66%.

[0054] One embodiment of the blended mixture contained in the final mixture is described below. Depending on the blended mixture produced, the following ranges are possible:

[0055] Mixtures for rigid and semi-rigid applications:

[0056] Base mixture - 76%-83%; and Dibutyltin dilaurate - 0.006% to 0.125%; and Nitrilotriethanol - 0.5% to 1.4%; and Diaza - 0.003% to 0.00833%; and Diethylene glycol - 0.566% to 1.05%; and Silicone - 0.83% to 2.55%; and Water - 3.33%~8.33%.

[0057] The embodiments of the base mixture included in the compounded mixture are shown below. Depending on the base mixture for the rigid and semi-rigid articles to be produced, the following ranges of ranges are possible: Oil - 63%-90%; and Nitrilotriethanol - 10% to 37%.

[0058] In one embodiment, the amount of blended mixture in the final mixture is preferably 33.33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55% or 55.55%, or any range between the recited values.

[0059] In one embodiment, the amount of base mixture in the blended mixture is preferably 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, or any range between the values ​​indicated.

[0060] The greater the amount of isocyanate, MDI in the final mixture, the greater the hardness of the biodegradable solid article. Thus, a less hard biodegradable solid article requires a smaller percentage of isocyanate in the final mixture.

[0061] As shown in Figure 1, in Phase 1 of the diagram, the base mixture components that result in the base mixture are received in one or more T01, T02, T03, T04, T05 storage tanks. In this case, the step of receiving the base mixture components is carried out in the T01, T02, T03, T04, T05 storage tanks. The base mixture components can be delivered, for example, by means of a B-1 pump through a CT1 tanker truck.

[0062] Among the base mixture components, at least one component comprises at least one type of oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat.The vegetable oil used in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, any one of the above oils: frying oil, cooking oil, cotton oil, palm oil, soybean oil, corn oil (maize oil), canola oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, or castor oil, and all of these mentioned oils are unprocessed crude oils used in their natural state.Furthermore, it is possible to use a mixture of different vegetable oils and animal fats for the formulation of the base mixture components. Alternatively, a mixture of vegetable oil and blonde glycerin may be used as the base mixture component.

[0063] The oils mentioned above, or any of the substitutes mentioned above, in admixture with nitrilotriethanol to form the base mixture must reach the hydroxyl number mentioned above required for the present invention. Examples of amounts of oil are given below:

[0064] Frying and cooking oils may be oils that have undergone recycling processes. These oils may contain about 30% animal fats exuded by various types of meat during frying.

[0065] In addition to or instead of the above oils, unprocessed beef, pork or poultry fats can be used in their natural state. Animal fats can be used in the method according to the invention in a similar manner to the use of vegetable oils, or in addition to vegetable oils, to enhance the desired amount of this component. The technical effect obtained by using vegetable oils and / or animal fats is the same whether mixed or individual.

[0066] In this embodiment, no esterification process is required for the base mixture components using potassium hydroxide or sulfuric acid, which typically involves washing with dilute caustic soda that is discharged into the environment after use, drying by heat exchange with steam, additives containing heavy metals, or chemical homogenization processes, nor is there a need to extract glycerin from oils or animal fats.

[0067] Alternatively, the use of the above mentioned vegetable oils or animal fats may be replaced by hydroxyl-containing blonde glycerin, which has the ability to reach the desired hydroxyl value after the addition of nitrilotriethanol.

[0068] Having not undergone the degumming, refining, washing, deodorizing and bleaching processes, the above base blend ingredients are rated as toxic for human consumption and therefore do not directly compete in the marketplace as articles intended for human consumption.

[0069] Among the base mixture components, in addition to vegetable oils, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fats, another component consists of nitrilotriethanol. Nitrilotriethanol is an organic compound that exists in a viscous liquid state that is completely soluble in water and miscible with most oxygenated organic solvents. It is used to interact with the organic surfactants and to balance the stoichiometry of the vegetable oil base mixture components, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fats, increasing the hydroxyl number (OH) to reach the desired parameters.

[0070] Thus, phase 1 reservoirs T01, T02, T03, T04, and T05 are reservoirs for oils and / or blond glycerin and / or fats, with respect to T01, T02, T03, and T04, while T05 is a reservoir for nitrilotriethanol or its substitutes already listed.

[0071] In this embodiment, vegetable oils and / or blonde glycerin and / or animal fats are transferred from oil and / or fat storage tanks T01, T02, T03, T04 to the RA1 reactor. These components are transferred to the reactor through pipes, such as pipes suitable for the type of material to be transferred. Other forms of transfer can also be used without changing the effect obtained. In this way, the step of introducing vegetable oils and / or blonde glycerin and / or animal fats into the RA1 reactor is carried out.

[0072] The RA1 reactor is a receptor or tank having an internal region, at least one inlet and at least one outlet. The RA1 reactor is essentially a receptor designed to produce a base mixture, inside which chemical reactions, mass transfer and / or heat transfer take place. The components enter through at least one inlet and, after reaction, exit through at least one outlet. Furthermore, the RA1 reactor can heat its contents externally and without contact with its contents by means of a coil with thermal oil. The RA1 reactor can be considered as the first receptor in the process according to the invention.

[0073] The RA1 reactor comprises a mechanical agitator configured to be driven by the MA1 motor. The mechanical agitator is configured to agitate the base mixture in the RA1 reactor via the MA1 motor drive. The MA1 motor may be of different types, such as an electric MA1 motor, with a frequency modifier that changes the rotation according to the vegetable oil, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat used. As a result, when the MA1 motor is driven, it drives the mechanical agitation, which in turn agitates the ingredients in the reactor. The more viscous the vegetable oil or animal fat is, the higher the MA1 motor speed must be.

[0074] The RA1 reactor also includes an AOT heater that heats the base mixture in the RA1 reactor. The AOT heater can be any type of device that can heat the mixture in the RA1 reactor. An example of an AOT heater used is a magnetic field electric AOT heater that uses hot oil in a closed circuit, where the hot oil is pumped through the heater, which increases the temperature of the hot oil to 90°C to 100°C. At this temperature, the hot oil flows through the inner part of the coil tube that surrounds the entire cylindrical body of the RA1 reactor, transfers heat to the base mixture in the reactor, and returns the hot oil to the AOT heater for the next cycle.

[0075] The RA1 reactor is mounted on a scale equipped with a CCD load cell. The CCD scale allows the ingredients to be metered as they are introduced into the RA1 reactor. As a result, a step of dosing vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat is performed, which is fed to the RA1 reactor via the CCD scale.

[0076] In this way, the step of introducing vegetable oil and / or blonde glycerin and / or animal fat from the oil or fat reservoir T01, T02, T03, T04 through piping into the RA1 reactor is carried out, and the step of dosing the amount of vegetable oil and / or blonde glycerin and / or animal fat is handled through the CCD scale. In the illustrated embodiment, the step of dosing the amount of vegetable oil and / or blonde glycerin and / or animal fat is carried out during the step of introducing the vegetable oil and / or blonde glycerin and / or animal fat into the RA1 reactor through the CCD scale. Alternatively, dosing may be carried out using a dosing device in the oil or fat tank T01, T02, T03, T04 or between the oil or fat tank T01, T02, T03, T04 and the RA1 reactor before transferring the vegetable oil and / or blonde glycerin and / or animal fat to the RA1 reactor.

[0077] The amount of vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat charged and introduced into the base mixture in the RA1 reactor is 15.80% to 41.49% of the liquid final mixture. In a practical example, if the amount of final mixture injected or applied is 100 grams, 15.80 grams to 41.49 grams of vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat are used.

[0078] After the step of introducing and charging the vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat into the RA1 reactor, the heater is activated to heat the ingredients in the RA1 reactor. In this way, the step of heating the vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat is carried out in the RA1 reactor. Inside the RA1 reactor, these ingredients are heated by the AOT heater until they reach the mixture temperature. The mixture temperature is a temperature of 50°C to 70°C, preferably 60°C.

[0079] After the ingredients in the RA1 reactor reach the mixture temperature, nitrilotriethanol or its possible alternatives as mentioned above are charged and introduced into the RA1 reactor. The dosing and transfer of nitrilotriethanol drawn from the T05 nitrilotriethanol reservoir to the RA1 reactor is similar to that already described for the vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or fat. After the step of heating the vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat in the RA1 reactor to the mixture temperature, the steps of charging nitrilotriethanol and introducing nitrilotriethanol into the RA1 reactor are then carried out.

[0080] During the process of producing the base mixture, the vegetable oil, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat, after the addition of the nitrilotriethanol, must be heated until the mixture is homogenized, so that the mixture temperature is at a temperature of 90°C to 100°C. If the nitrilotriethanol substitute has a melting point above 100°C, the temperature must be raised above the melting point of the selected substitute component. If the melting point of the selected nitrilotriethanol substitute component has a melting point above the flash point of the oil, glycerin, or fat, an antioxidant component, such as nitrogen, must be injected into the reaction.

[0081] The amount of nitrilotriethanol charged and introduced into the RA1 reactor for the base mixture is 2.53% to 17.05% of the liquid final mixture. In a practical example, if the amount of final mixture injected or applied is 100 grams, an amount of 2.53 grams to 17.05 grams of nitrilotriethanol is used.

[0082] The selected base mixture components are introduced into the RA1 reactor in their respective amounts appropriately, and a step of agitating the base mixture components is carried out by the movement of a mechanical agitator driven by the MA1 motor. The step of agitating the base mixture components in the RA1 reactor has a duration of a first agitation time. The first agitation time comprises a period of 60 minutes to 120 minutes.

[0083] If the temperature and agitation of the components in the RA1 reactor produces any gaseous emissions, the RA1 reactor is configured to liquefy such gaseous emissions, in other words to carry out a process of liquefying the gases released by the mixture during the agitation step. To do so, the RA1 reactor includes a CGV gas cooler. The CGV gas cooler is an element of the RA1 reactor and liquefies any gases resulting from the temperature and agitation of the base mixture in the RA1 reactor. In this way, the process according to the invention mitigates heat losses and prevents gases from escaping to the environment.

[0084] The CGV gas cooler comprises a honeycomb piping, a fan and an electric motor. To perform the step of liquefying the gaseous discharge, the discharged gas flows through the honeycomb piping, which is cooled by a fan powered by the electric motor. The cooling generated by the fan condenses the gaseous discharge and returns it in a liquid state to the RA1 reactor.

[0085] Upon completion of the steps of introducing, dosing and heating vegetable oil, and / or blonde glycerin, and / or animal fat, introducing and dosing nitrilotriethanol or its substitutes listed above, and stirring the base mixture components in the RA1 reactor, a base mixture is obtained.

[0086] After the base mixture is obtained, a step of removing the base mixture from the RA1 reactor is performed. The base mixture is removed from the RA1 reactor through a pipe that removes the base mixture by means of a B2 pump. The B2 pump is one fixture in the system shown in the schematic diagram of this embodiment that is configured to remove the base mixture from the RA1 reactor, and is not limited to any particular type of pump.

[0087] Before proceeding to phase 2, in this embodiment, a step of cooling the base mixture is performed. Any cooling system can be used, flowing over water, thermal oil, or any other heat exchange system. To cool the base mixture, the schematic diagram of the system shown in FIG. 1 includes an RFA air cooler. The RFA air cooler is any cooler that uses air to exchange heat between two media. In this case, the RFA air cooler is a cooler that can cool the base mixture. As a result, the B2 pump takes the base mixture from the RA1 reactor and sends the base mixture to the RFA air cooler.

[0088] The RFA air cooler includes a honeycomb piping, a fan, and an electric motor. The RFA air cooler uses ambient air for heat exchange. To perform the step of cooling the base mixture in the RFA air cooler, the base mixture flows through the honeycomb piping, and the honeycomb piping is cooled by exchanging heat with the ambient air through the fan driven by the electric motor.

[0089] The step of cooling the base mixture is carried out until the base mixture reaches the cooling temperature. The cooling temperature is a temperature of about 20°C to 40°C, which means room temperature. This process is carried out to ensure that the other ingredients in the blended mixture do not evaporate when they are added. Once the cooling temperature is reached, all the resulting base mixture is sent to phase 2 of this process for the production of the blended mixture.

[0090] As shown in Figure 1, the second phase in the schematic of this embodiment produces a blended mixture and includes reservoirs T06, T07, T08, T09, T10, T11, and T12. The second phase reservoirs are designed to store the blended mixture components.

[0091] The blended mixture components include at least one from the group of organic surfactants, catalysts, and / or reagents.

[0092] In one embodiment, the compounded mixture includes a catalyst selected from at least one of dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutylcobalt dilaurate, cobalt octoate, diazabicyclooctane, and / or dimethylcyclohexylamine.

[0093] In one embodiment, the compounded mixture includes an organic surfactant selected from at least one of a silicone and / or a water-soluble silicone.

[0094] In one embodiment, the compounded mixture includes a reagent selected from at least one of diethylene glycol, monoethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and / or nitrilotriethanol.

[0095] Although such ingredients are the primary possible alternatives for the formulation of the base mix and blended mix, they may be replaced by the ingredients mentioned above in the present invention.

[0096] In this embodiment, each of the T06, T07, T08, T09, T10, T11, and T12 reservoirs stores at least one organic surfactant, for example, the T06 dibutyltin dilaurate tank, the T07 diazabicyclo-octane tank, the T08 diethylene glycol tank, and the T09 silicone or water-soluble silicone tank.

[0097] The reactive organic surfactants used in phase 2 basically accelerate and improve the efficiency of the reaction between the base mixture and the compounded mixture components. Dibutyltin dilaurate accelerates the reaction. The reactive organic surfactants are compounded mixture components that react in large quantities when mixed with the isocyanate by increasing the volume and hardness of the solid final article. Diazabicyclo-octane is an activator that accelerates the reaction. It initiates the process and also drives the reaction to completion with stabilization of the compound. Diethylene glycol aids in the reaction between the oil and the silicone. The silicone lattices the cell openings.

[0098] Water is also included in the blended mix ingredients, and the water used as a blended mix ingredient is stored in a T10 water storage tank.

[0099] The water component is a leavening agent and must be gradually introduced into the compounded mixture throughout the agitation period. Gradual introduction of water during the base mixture agitation period, along with organic surfactants, catalysts, and / or reagents, refers to the addition of multiple portions or proportions of this component to the mixture, either continuously or non-continuously, over the period that agitation is carried out.

[0100] Alternatively, other blowing agents may be used in the form of liquids or gases, in which case water is not added to the formulation. As non-limiting examples of various blowing agents other than water, isopentane, cyclopentane, or hydrogenated chlorofluorocarbons may be used.

[0101] Optionally, the flow chart system of the illustrated embodiment includes a T11 dye reservoir. The T11 dye tank contains at least one type of dye. The dye in the T11 dye reservoir imparts color to the blended mixture and, therefore, to the final mixture and final article. The dyes used in the present invention are vegetable dyes or water-based dyes.

[0102] Optionally, the flow chart system of the illustrated embodiment also includes a T12 fire retardant and smoke suppressant storage tank, which is necessary in certain cases of application and use of the biodegradable article, whereby if a fire occurs where the biodegradable article is already present in its solid state, it is needed either as a flame suppressant and fire retardant, and also as a smoke suppressant, which is sometimes more lethal than the fire itself.

[0103] Thus, the T06, T07, T08, T09, T10, T11, and T12 reservoirs in Phase 2 are the T06, T07, T08, T09 reservoirs holding organic surfactants, catalysts, and reagents, the T10 water reservoir, the T11 dye and / or flame retardant reservoir, and the T12 smoke suppressant reservoir.

[0104] In this embodiment, the T06, T07, T08, T09, T10, T11, and T12 reservoirs are designed to deliver blended mixture components to the MX1 mixer. The blended mixture components are delivered to the MX1 mixer through piping, such as piping appropriate for the type of material being delivered. Other forms of delivery can be used without changing the effect achieved.

[0105] The MX1 mixer is a receptor or tank with an internal region, at least one inlet, and at least one outlet. The MX1 mixer is essentially a receptor designed to mix or stir the ingredients introduced into it. The ingredients enter the MX1 mixer through at least one inlet and leave the MX1 mixer through at least one outlet after stirring is completed. The MX1 mixer can be considered as the second receptor of the process according to the invention.

[0106] The MX1 mixer comprises a mechanical agitator designed to be driven by the MA2 motor. The mechanical agitator is designed to stir the mixture introduced into the MX1 mixer after turning on the MA2 motor. The MA2 motor may be of different types, such as an electric motor, with a frequency variation control to vary the rotation depending on the ingredients introduced into the MX1 mixer. As a result, when the MA2 motor is switched on, the mechanical agitator moves, which in turn stirs the ingredients in the MX1 mixer.

[0107] The MX1 mixer is mounted on a scale with a CCD load cell that allows for the metered dosing of ingredients as they are introduced into the MX1 mixer.

[0108] As a result, phase 2 of the process begins with the transfer of the base mixture from phase 1 to the MX1 mixer and the weighing of the amounts of the components of the compounded mixture on a CCD scale and introducing them into the MX1 mixer.

[0109] This is followed by the transfer of organic surfactants, catalysts, and reagents from the T06, T07, T08, and T09 reservoirs along with water from the T10 reservoir, dye from the T11 tank if the biodegradable article is to be colored, and flame retardants and smoke suppressants from the T12 tank (if this option is selected), along with weighing the amounts of organic surfactants, catalysts, reagents, water, dye, flame retardants, and smoke suppressants on the CCD scale of the MX1 mixer.

[0110] The amount of water weighed and introduced into the MX1 mixer corresponds to 3.33% to 8.33% of the amount of liquid final mixture. In practical embodiments, this means that if the amount of final mixture injected or applied is 100 grams, then 3.33 grams to 8.33 grams of water will be used.

[0111] The amount of organic surfactant charged and introduced into the MX1 mixer corresponds to 0.83% to 2.55% of the liquid final mixture. In practical embodiments, this means that if the amount of final mixture injected or applied is 100 grams, an amount of organic surfactant between 0.83 grams and 2.55 grams is used.

[0112] The amount of catalyst charged and introduced into the MX1 mixer corresponds to 0.009% to 0.1333% of the liquid final mixture. In practical embodiments, this means that if the amount of final mixture injected or applied is 100 grams, an amount of organic surfactant between 0.009 grams and 0.1333 grams is used.

[0113] The amount of reagents charged and introduced into the MX1 mixer corresponds to 1.066% to 2.45% of the liquid final mixture. In practical embodiments, this means that if the amount of final mixture injected or applied is 100 grams, an amount of 1.066 grams to 2.45 grams of organic surfactant is used.

[0114] Once all selected ingredients (base mixture and compounded mixture ingredients) have been introduced into the MX1 mixer in their respective amounts (except for the leavening agent), the process of stirring these ingredients is started, and the leavening agent is gradually introduced. This process is carried out by the movement of the mechanical agitator of the MX1 mixer, driven by the MA2 motor. The process of stirring the ingredients introduced into the MX1 mixer has a duration of a second stirring time. The second stirring time comprises a time range of 60 minutes to 120 minutes. During this time, the leavening agent is gradually introduced until it reaches the desired final amount. For example, the total amount of water to be added to the compounded mixture is divided by the total stirring time of the second stirring time.

[0115] A blended mixture is obtained upon completion of the steps of introducing and weighing the base mixture into the MX1 mixer, introducing and weighing the blended mixture ingredients into the MX1 mixer, and stirring the ingredients introduced into the MX1 mixer for a second mixing period while gradually introducing the leavening agent.

[0116] After the blended mixture is obtained, a step of extracting the blended mixture from the MX1 mixer is carried out. The blended mixture is extracted from the MX1 mixer through the mixture extraction pipe using the B3 pump. The B3 pump is one fixture in the system diagram of this embodiment designed to extract the blended mixture from the MX1 mixer, and is not limited to any particular type of pump.

[0117] In this embodiment, the blended mixture removed from the MX1 mixer proceeds to Phase 3, which involves storing the blended mixture in a T13 blended mixture storage tank.

[0118] In addition to the T13 blended mixture tank, Figure 1 shows a T14 methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, MDI tank. MDI is a polymeric organic methylene diphenyl di-isocyanate. For example, MDI can be transferred from a CT2 tanker truck to the T14 tank by a B-4 pump.

[0119] Thus, the T13, T14 reservoirs of the third phase are: T13 blended mix reservoir and T14 MDI reservoir.

[0120] MDI is a polymeric organic methylene diphenyl diisocyanate with NCO nitrogen-carbon-oxygen varying from 10% to 35%. The effect of MDI on the article is a reagent effect. MDI is a reactive component and when mixed with the compounding mixture, it creates an exothermic reaction and greatly increases the volume of the final mixture, which fills the mold and polymerizes into a solid foam, which is the solid final article. Although MDI is mentioned, other isocyanates may be used in the present invention.

[0121] As an alternative to using MDI as a reagent, and provided that it does not alter the properties of the final article, such as toxicity and biodegradability, various types of isocyanates can be used as reagents, for example, aliphatic isocyanates, modified isocyanates, blocked isocyanates, and toluene diisocyanate (TDI). It is also possible to use mixtures of different isocyanates as reagents in a similar manner to those listed above. When the compounded mixture is expanded with aliphatic isocyanates, there is no oxidation and therefore no color change, even when exposed to the sun or weathering.

[0122] In this embodiment, the T13 and T14 reservoirs are designed to deliver the blended mixture and MDI to the applicator (apparatus not shown). Delivery of the blended mixture and MDI to the application apparatus, and more specifically to the working tank of the application apparatus, is accomplished through tubing, such as tubing appropriate for the type of material being delivered (the application apparatus is accomplished through an appropriate tubing, e.g., an appropriate tubing). Other forms of delivery can also be used without changing the effect obtained.

[0123] In this embodiment, the application device comprises two working tanks and has at least one inlet and one outlet. The application device is essentially a receiver designed to mix the blended mixture and the MDI at a defined temperature. In this embodiment, the application device is also the device used in the present invention to apply the blended mixture and the MDI to a mold or a desired application site. The application device used in this embodiment can be a carousel type application device, a low pressure injector, a high pressure injector, etc. The application equipment can be considered as the third receiver of the process according to the present invention. If the purpose is the production of packaging, the third receiver can be, for example, an injector that heats the mixture in large quantities and injects the final mixture into a mold with a specific shape where polymerization occurs, if the purpose is thermal insulation, the third receiver can be, for example, a space between walls, if the purpose is civil engineering, the third receiver can be, for example, a large mold with no specific format, in which case the solid article can be cut into specific application parts.

[0124] The amount of blended mixture introduced into one of the working vessels may be equal to 33.33% to 55.55% of the amount of liquid final mixture, and the amount of MDI introduced into the other working vessel may be equal to 44.44% to 66.66% of the amount of liquid final mixture.

[0125] With the blended mixture and MDI properly stored in the working tank in their respective amounts, an injector (ejector) is loaded which produces the final mixture. The injector automatically performs the steps of dosing the blended mixture and MDI amounts and removing the correct amount of mixture from the working tank. Once the dosing step is completed, the injector moves to the heating and third mixing step which produces the final mixture. The third mixing time includes a time range of 7 seconds to 10 seconds depending on the ambient temperature. At temperatures above 22°C the mixing time would be 7 seconds, and at room temperature below 21°C the mixing time would be 10 seconds. The lower the external ambient temperature, the longer the mixing time for the final mixture.

[0126] The step of heating the final mixture is carried out during the mixing process. It consists of the blended mixture and MDI in the working tank at the injection temperature. The injection temperature is a temperature between 30°C and 50°C.

[0127] This results in a liquid final mixture which may be applied to produce biodegradable solid articles that are semi-rigid or rigid foams.

[0128] After the final mixture consisting of MDI and the compounded mixture is heated and stirred in a large volume at the application temperature, a process is carried out in which the liquid final mixture is applied to produce the final article, which is obtained in a solid state, which may also be understood as a process in which the final mixture is shaped by exothermic reaction and polymerization to produce a solid final article.

[0129] The shaping of the liquid final mixture to produce a solid final article can be carried out, for example, by injection under low or high pressure in moulds for the production of packaging or similar items, between building walls as insulation, and in moulds specially designed for use in civil construction.

[0130] In the application phase, depending on the type of application, the application of the final mixture is followed by an optional step of waiting for the solidification time. The solidification time can range from 5 to 20 minutes. Upon polymerization from the liquid state to a solid state, the solidification must take into account this time variation for handling, depending on the complexity of the part being produced, parts with very thin profiles may break if polymerization is not complete when handled. After the solidification time, the final article is polymerized and becomes solid.

[0131] In brief, the main steps or phases of the method for obtaining a biodegradable article according to the invention include producing a base mixture, which comprises mixing at least one vegetable oil, and / or blond glycerin, and / or animal fat with nitrilotriethanol or its listed alternatives, and the main steps or phases of the method for obtaining a biodegradable article according to the invention include producing a blended mixture, which comprises mixing the base mixture with organic surfactants, catalysts, reagents, and water, and the main steps or phases of the method for obtaining a biodegradable article according to the invention include producing a final mixture, which comprises mixing the blended mixture with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate MDI or its listed alternatives, and the main steps or phases of the method for obtaining a biodegradable article according to the invention include producing a solid final article by dosing, heating and pouring the mixture in bulk, and obtaining the shape of the final mixture through a polymerization process.

[0132] The liquid ingredients mixed into the final mixture are applied and shaped to produce a solid final article, in other words the final article comprises a solid state resulting from the liquid final mixture composed of the above ingredients.

[0133] The physical and chemical composition of the biodegradable solid final article is determined by the resulting exothermic reaction and subsequent polymerization of the final mixture corresponding to the selected proportions of the compounded mixture depending on the desired properties and the MDI.

[0134] The final product is 10kg / m3 ~900kg / m 3 The final article may be obtained in several different ranges of densities and formulations, including densities of 0.1 to 1.0 mm.

[0135] Different examples of embodiments of the present invention are given below. In a non-limiting manner, the examples give indications of formulations that can achieve the desired hydroxyl number with the aforementioned oils in accordance with the present invention:

[0136] Examples of weight formulations with different types of oils to produce these rigid and semi-rigid biodegradable articles.

[0137] [Table 1]

[0138] [Table 2]

[0139] [Table 3]

[0140] [Table 4]

[0141] [Table 5]

[0142] [Table 6]

[0143] [Table 7]

[0144] The examples shown in FIG. 1 can be used to identify articles according to the present invention using a variety of oils.

[0145] The analysis of the curve results of the infrared spectroscopy assay of liquid biodegradable articles for samples using different oils (soybean, castor, canola, sunflower, corn, palm and cotton) first acknowledges the versatility of the formulation, meaning that it is possible to use any vegetable oil to obtain a blended mixture. Chemically, the conclusion drawn from the spectra obtained is that the tested sample is a polyester polyol, with an "a" band corresponding to the hydroxyl group (-OH) and a "c" band that is carbonyl (C=O). Together, these two characteristics indicate that the sample is different from polyester polyols of petrochemical origin, thus confirming that the formulation is entirely vegetable-based.

[0146] In Figure 2, an example of a spectroscopy assay, a biodegradable liquid article exemplified by a blended mixture reacts with an isocyanate to form a biodegradable solid article. Biodegradable solid articles obtained from various blended oils (soybean, castor, canola, sunflower, corn, palm and cotton) were subjected to a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) assay, with the following conclusions: a decrease in the letter "c"-OH band, which indicates the consumption of a portion of the water in the blend used as a blowing agent; the formation of the characteristic letter "b" of the urethane group band, which is a major indicator that the sample is a polyurethane foam.

[0147] The conclusion that can be drawn when the graphs are viewed together is that vegetable-based polyurethane foams could be formed from the biodegradable liquid articles according to the present invention without the addition of petroleum-derived articles.

[0148] The amounts of the components used are varied to obtain the mentioned density and mechanical strength (semi-rigid or rigid), respectively.

[0149] The biodegradable final article according to the present invention includes the property of physically decomposing in certain circumstances. This is because the decomposition of the article during its use may be undesirable. For example, the decomposition of the final article applied to the inside of a wall for soundproofing and thermal insulation is undesirable. Therefore, the biodegradable article according to the present invention decomposes only under decomposition conditions. Decomposition conditions occur when the biodegradable article is exposed to microorganisms and lipolytic biological agents found in the earth and in waste materials.

[0150] As a result, the biodegradable articles according to the present invention have a significant advantage over other articles of the prior art because they degrade rapidly when disposed of in the environment under degradative conditions, where the biodegradable articles according to the present invention begin to degrade within a maximum of 15 (fifteen) days.

[0151] The biodegradable solid articles were subjected to degradation tests in anaerobic and aerobic environments, as well as fish toxicity tests. In the anaerobic biodigestion assay, the biodegradable solid articles were placed in a reactor together with nutrients and inoculum (bacterial colonies) and the release of biogas was continuously monitored. The results showed an increase in the biogas release curve (mainly methane and CO2), indicating the non-toxicity of the foam in this environment.

[0152] To evaluate aerobic degradation, microalgae were used in a control medium with the algae being vulnerable to toxic substances, and thus used as an indicator of the toxicity of the biodegradable solid article. The algae exposed to the environment with the biodegradable solid article had the same life cycle as the control sample, so the results were positive for non-toxicity.

[0153] To supplement this study, the biodegradable solid articles were used as fish food supplements for 84 days. Again, the non-toxicity of the biodegradable solid articles was observed, as no fish mortality or illness was detected during examination of the test groups.

[0154] Regarding the findings of the degradation test, excellent degradation of the biodegradable solid articles was observed in an aerobic environment, with significant degradation already observed after 35 days.

[0155] Thus, the biodegradable articles of the present invention exhibit superior degradability when compared to EPS and fossil PU, and also when compared to other prior art articles, and when compared to expectations for biodegradable articles.

[0156] Additionally, it should be noted that for all values ​​and all ranges of values ​​of any property defined above, there may be a variance of up to 5% above and below. This means that any value or range may vary within any range of up to 5%, for example, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, or any value that is 1% higher or lower than the defined value or range. When there is a variance, there is of course a blending compensation to maintain the resulting total value.

[0157] Although example embodiments have been described, it should be understood that the scope of the invention encompasses other possible variations and is defined solely by the content of the claims appended hereto, including possible equivalents.

Claims

1. A manufacturing method for forming a liquid-based article for forming a biodegradable article, comprising: heating a first base mixture component to a temperature of 50°C to 70°C, said first base mixture component being selected from at least one of the group consisting of vegetable fats and oils, blonde glycerin, and animal fats and oils; adding a second base mixture component to the first base mixture component, wherein the second base mixture component is selected from at least one of the group consisting of nitrilotriethanol, pentaerythritol, and trimethylolpropane; heating the combination of the first and second base mixture components to a temperature of 90°C to 100°C, or above the melting point of the second base mixture component if the second base mixture component has a melting point above 100°C; agitating the first base mixture component and the second base mixture component at the temperature of the process for a duration ranging from 60 minutes to 120 minutes to obtain a liquid base article having a hydroxyl number of 200 to 300; The invention is characterized in that it comprises the liquid-based article comprising, based on the total weight of the liquid-based article, 63% to 90% of the first base mixture component and 10% to 37% of the second base mixture component; method.

2. A method of manufacturing a liquid blend for forming a biodegradable article, comprising: forming a liquid-based article by the method of claim 1; agitating the liquid-based article with at least one from the group consisting of an organic surfactant, a catalyst, and a reagent; and gradually introducing a swelling agent during the period of agitation of the liquid-based article with the organic surfactant, catalyst, and / or reagent; The invention is characterized in that it comprises Optionally, the stirring time ranges from 60 minutes to 120 minutes. method.

3. A manufacturing method for forming a liquid final article for forming a biodegradable article, comprising: forming a liquid blend article by the method of claim 2; and mixing said liquid compounded article with an isocyanate, wherein said isocyanate is MDI containing nitrogen-carbon-oxygen NCO varying between 10% and 35%; A method comprising:

4. A manufacturing method for forming a solid biodegradable article, comprising: forming a liquid final article by the method of claim 3; and forming said liquid final article by exothermic reaction and / or polymerization; A method comprising:

5. A liquid base article for forming a biodegradable article, comprising: a first base mixture component mixed with a second base mixture component; The first base mixture component is selected from at least one of the group consisting of vegetable fats and oils, blonde glycerin, and animal fats and oils; the second base mixture component is selected from at least one of the group consisting of nitrilotriethanol, pentaerythritol, and trimethylolpropane; the liquid-based article comprising, based on the total weight of the liquid-based article, 63% to 90% of the first base mixture component and 10% to 37% of the second base mixture component; the hydroxyl number of the liquid-based article is 200 to 300; Liquid-based items.

6. A liquid-based article as described in claim 5, characterized in that the second base mixture component is nitrilotriethanol having a purity of 70% to 100%. (a) the hydroxyl number of the first base mixture component is in the range of 0.1 to 163. and / or (b) the liquid-based article comprises 100 g to 600 g of the second base mixture component for every 1000 g of the first base mixture component; The liquid-based article of claim 5 , characterized in that

8. A liquid compounded article for forming a biodegradable article, characterized in that it comprises the liquid base article of claim 5 mixed with an expanding agent and at least one from the group consisting of an organic surfactant, a catalyst, and a reagent.

9. The liquid compounded article of claim 8, wherein the organic surfactant is selected from at least one of the group consisting of silicones and water-soluble silicones.

10. The liquid compounded article of claim 8, wherein the catalyst is selected from at least one of the group consisting of dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutylcobalt dilaurate, cobalt octoate, diazabicyclooctane, and dimethylcyclohexylamine.

11. The liquid compounded article of claim 8, wherein the reagent is selected from at least one of the group consisting of diethylene glycol, monoethylene glycol, propylene, and glycol.

12. A liquid final article for forming a biodegradable article, comprising the liquid compounded article of claim 8 mixed with an isocyanate; A liquid final article comprising 33.33% to 55.55% of said liquid compounded article and 44.44% to 66.66% of an isocyanate.

13. The liquid final article of claim 12, (a) the isocyanate is MDI containing nitrogen-carbon-oxygen NCO varying between 10% and 35%; Or, (b) the isocyanate is selected from at least one of the group consisting of an aliphatic isocyanate, a modified isocyanate, a blocked isocyanate, and toluene di-isocyanate TDI; A liquid final product characterized by:

14. A biodegradable solid article comprising the liquid final article of claim 12 polymerized in the solid state.

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