Veiler and method for forming a cylindrical veil

Abstract

A baler (1) for forming a cylindrical bale of agricultural crops includes a frame (F) providing an internal volume, a supply unit (2), a plurality of belts (4) arranged side by side within the internal volume, and a tension system (6) having tension arms configured to apply tension to the belts so as to generate a pressure corresponding to the agricultural crops, and a control unit. The control unit is connected to the tension system and is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belts to a starting value at the bale starting position and to automatically increase the tension of the belts so as to reach a tension setting point in response to a predetermined turning angle of the tension arms about a connection point when the arms move upward.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a baler and a method for forming a cylindrical bale.

Background Art

[0002] A round baler is the most common type of agricultural baler that can be connected to the rear of a machine such as a tractor to pick up pre-cut crops such as rice straw, forage, wheat, corn (hereinafter referred to as "hay") from the ground, form bales from the hay, and discharge them to the field. Generally, the baler has a supply unit for picking up hay from the ground, a compression chamber for forming a cylindrical bale, and a rotor device for supplying the hay picked up from the ground to the compression chamber of the baler. The compression chamber may have a constant or gradually increasing volume. When the baler has a variable volume, the compression chamber is defined by a plurality of belts that form a loop and continuously move around the compression chamber. The plurality of belts are driven by a plurality of guide rollers. In particular, a part of each belt is stretched between two consecutive guide rollers, and the belt stretched between the two rollers must deform with the arrival of the hay in order to conform to the shape of the cylindrical bale being formed inside the compression chamber.

[0003] Examples of known round balers are described in Patent Documents FR2811654B1 and EP0840545B1. However, conventional balers have several drawbacks and can be improved. For example, the lifespan of some parts of the baler, such as guide rollers and belts, is not long enough, which reduces reliability and adversely affects the performance of the baler. Furthermore, in this field, it is desired to provide a baler with higher adaptability that can be adapted to different crop materials and different bale dimensions.

[0004] In a baler, the belt is wound around a plurality of guide rollers to define a compression chamber. Thus, the position of the guide rollers determines the path of the belt. Some of the plurality of guide rollers are movable.

[0005] Furthermore, a baler generally has a tensioning system for maintaining a constant tension in the belt and releasing an amount of belt necessary to enlarge the bale. Typically, there are two rigid parallel tension arms, connected at one point and having a series of rollers around which the belt is wound at opposite points. Additionally, an actuator and tensioning means are used to control the up and down movement of the arms in order to control the tension in the belt during bale formation and discharge. In particular, the movable guide rollers are arranged on the tension arms of the tensioning system. As a result, when the arm moves upward or downward, the movable roller moves and the path of the belt is deformed. Thus, when hay enters the baler and contacts a part of the belt, the belt bends due to the force exerted on the belt by the bale being formed in the middle, and the tension arm starts to move upward. As a result of the upward movement of the tension arm, the movable guide roller moves to deform the path of the belt and releases an amount of belt necessary to form a bale inside the compression chamber. In this regard, Patent Documents EP1588605B1, EP3298881B1, US5622104A, EP0234634B1, US4257219A, EP2661953A1 and EP3366110A1 describe known balers having a tensioning system for controlling the bale density in a baler, the tensioning system having an actuator that allows the tension arms to move upward and downward, and the actuator can be driven hydraulically or electrically.

[0006] However, it is desirable to provide a round baler having a tensioning system that improves the robustness, reliability, and economic efficiency of applying a desired amount of pressure to the belt and thus to the bale.

[0007] Another aspect of the conventional round baler that requires improvement is the baler's feeding section. As previously explained, the baler's feeding unit collects hay from the ground and conveys it through a rotor into the compression chamber within the baler. The feeding unit typically includes a pickup unit near the front of the baler, and the pickup unit picks up the hay and feeds it into the compression chamber. Further, there is a wind guard assembly above the pickup unit. This ensures that the hay is properly fed into the baler. Typically, the wind guard assembly consists of a pipe and a series of wind guard tines fixed to the pipe and held in a position above and in front of the pickup unit. Some examples of known baler feeding units are described in patent documents EP1348330B1, EP2101557B1, US6877304B1, and US2021274716. However, there is a need to provide a feeding unit that improves the ability to convey hay into the compression chamber and, as a result, contributes to better bale formation.

[0008] Another problem related to the round baler is that during the operation of the baler, bale material and other materials such as mud, dirt, and bale material residue can accumulate on the rollers and in the compression chamber, which can result in a decrease in the efficiency of the rollers and other moving parts. Scraper devices are often used on round balers that interact with the moving parts of the round baler to prevent or remove existing deposits or accumulations. In this regard, the documents EP3222134B1 and US10405495B2 describe known examples of scraper devices used on round balers.

[0009] Another problem with conventional round balers is that when the tension on the belts is lost, multiple belts sag, and misalignment can occur within the bale forming chamber, thereby increasing friction between the belts and reducing baler performance. Usually, belt guides are used to guide the position of the belts and maintain proper alignment of the belts. In this regard, an example of a known belt guide is disclosed by Patent Document US4428282A. However, such a solution has several drawbacks and can be improved. For example, one problem that conventional belt guides face is that belt displacement can generate vibrations that adversely affect baler performance.

Summary of the Invention

[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide a baler and a supply unit that overcome at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks.

[0011] This object is achieved by a baler, a supply unit, a method for forming a cylindrical bale, and a method for supplying hay picked up from the ground to the baler as described in the appended claims.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present specification, the present invention provides a baler for forming a cylindrical bale of hay. The baler includes a frame. The frame provides an internal volume. The baler also includes a supply unit. It should be noted that the supply unit according to the present specification can be used in various agricultural machines, such as loader wagons, mixing machines, balers, etc. The supply unit is attached to the frame. The supply unit is configured to pick up hay from the ground and supply it to the baler. The supply unit has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the supply unit faces the ground. Further, the outlet of the supply unit is disposed inside the baler. In particular, the outlet of the supply unit faces the internal volume.

[0013] The baler also includes a compression chamber. The compression chamber is configured to compress hay to form bales. The diameter of the compression chamber is variable. Further, the hay is supplied from the outlet of the supply unit to the compression chamber in the supply direction.

[0014] The baler also includes a plurality of guide rollers. The plurality of guide rollers are arranged inside the internal volume. In one example, the plurality of guide rollers includes a pair of inlet rollers.

[0015] The baler includes a plurality of belts. In one example, the plurality of belts are arranged side by side within the internal volume. The plurality of belts are wound around the guide rollers so as to define an endless loop. In particular, the loop is flexible to define the extent of the compression chamber. The guide rollers are rotatable to drive the belts around the loop. In a preferred embodiment, the inlet portion of the loop between the inlet rollers is transverse to the supply direction. Further, in one example, the inlet portion of the loop is located at the outlet of the supply unit such that the hay contacts the inlet portion of the loop as the hay enters the internal volume. In one example, the inlet rollers are two consecutive rollers. In other words, there are no other guide rollers between the pair of inlet rollers and the inlet portion of the belt is stretched between the inlet rollers. The inlet portion of the belt lies in a plane including the inlet rollers. The plane in which the inlet portion and the inlet rollers lie is transverse to the supply direction.

[0016] The baler has a tensioning system. The tensioning system is configured to apply tension to the belt so as to generate a pressure corresponding to the hay accommodated inside the compression chamber. The tensioning system may include a first tension arm and a second tension arm. The first tension arm and the second tension arm are connected to the frame. The first and second tension arms are configured to move between a bale start position where bale formation is initiated and a full bale position where a complete bale is formed inside the compression chamber. In one example, the tensioning system is configured to adjust the tension of the belt to a tension setpoint. In one example, the baler includes a control unit. The control unit is connected to the tensioning system. The control unit may be programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt to an initial value with the tension arm in the bale start position. Further, the control unit may be configured to automatically increase the tension of the belt to reach the tension setpoint. In one example, the control unit is configured to automatically increase the tension of the belt to reach the tension setpoint in response to a predetermined turning angle of the first and second tension arms about a connection point when the arm moves upward during bale formation. The connection point is the point where the first and second tension arms are connected to the frame of the baler.

[0017] As described above, according to one aspect of the present specification, since the baler has a configuration in which hay contacts the belt tensioned between the inlet rollers, when tension is applied to the belt at the inlet, it becomes difficult to form the core of the bale inside the compression chamber. Therefore, the control unit is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt to the starting value when the tension arm is at the bale starting position. In one example, the starting value is a tension close to zero. Therefore, the core of the bale can be accurately formed inside the chamber. Further, the control unit is programmed to automatically increase the tension of the belt so as to reach the tension set point in response to a predetermined turning angle of the tension arm around the connection point when the arm moves upward during bale formation. Therefore, during bale formation, when the tension arm moves upward and the turning angle of the arm reaches a predetermined angle, that is, an angle indicating that the formation of the core is completed, the control unit changes the tension of the belt to the set value selected by the operator.

[0018] In one example, the baler includes a supply roller. The supply roller is disposed between the outlet of the supply unit and the inlet roller. The supply roller is configured to push the hay toward the compression chamber in order to contribute to the supply of the hay to the compression chamber. Therefore, by disposing the supply roller upstream of the inlet roller, the hay can be efficiently supplied to the compression chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the first tension arm and the second tension arm has a first end and a second end. The first arm and the second arm are connected to the frame at the first end of the arm. In one example, the first arm and the second arm are connected to the frame at the first end of the arm such that the arm is away from a plurality of guide rollers with respect to the forward direction of the baler.

[0020] The plurality of guide rollers includes a first guide roller, a second guide roller, and a third roller. The first, second, and third rollers may be arranged at a higher height relative to the connection point between the arm and the frame. Further, each of the first tension arm and the second tension arm has a first arm roller at its second end. Each of the first tension arm and the second tension arm has a second arm roller disposed between the first end and the second end of the arm. In one example, the first arm roller and the second arm roller are configured to cooperate with a plurality of guide rollers arranged at a higher height relative to the height of the connection point between the arm and the frame around which the belt is wound. In one example, the first arm roller and the second arm roller are configured to cooperate with the first, second, and third rollers, and the belt is stretched between, that is, the first guide roller and the first arm roller, the first arm roller and the second guide roller, the second guide roller and the second arm roller, and the second arm roller and the third guide roller.

[0021] In one example, the second and third guide rollers are arranged between the first end and the second end of the arm along the forward direction.

[0022] Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, by providing the configuration described above, it is possible to obtain a larger-sized bale.

[0023] Furthermore, at least one guide roller may be displaceable to obtain a larger compression chamber. Thus, it is possible to enhance the adaptability of the baler.

[0024] Furthermore, the control unit may be configured to change the tension of the belt within a range between a low value and a high value. The control unit is configured to change the tension of the belt according to a set value selectable by the operator. Further, the control unit is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt to a starting value lower than the low value.

[0025] In one example, the control unit is configured to change the tension of the belt via a proportional valve.

[0026] In one example, the width of each of the plurality of belts is at least 230 mm. Further, the plurality of belts includes four belts.

[0027] The compression chamber can have a width of 1542 mm (5 feet).

[0028] In another example, the plurality of belts includes five belts.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present specification, the beater includes a belt divider. The belt divider is configured to divide each of the plurality of belts from the adjacent belts. Further, the belt divider has a number of sections corresponding to the number of the plurality of belts. In one example, each of the plurality of belts is in a plane oriented in the longitudinal direction such that when the plurality of belts are stretched between a plurality of rollers, they are oriented along the longitudinal direction. In a preferred example, at least a part of the belt divider is movable parallel and transverse to the longitudinal direction. Therefore, when misalignment occurs in any of the plurality of belts, at least a part of the belt divider is displaced accordingly, so that the displacement when the belt becomes unstable can be minimized. Therefore, according to the belt divider of the present specification, it is possible to prevent possible misalignment of the plurality of belts and stabilize the vibration caused by the misalignment of the belts. Further, since a part of the belt divider is movable, hay and other materials are less likely to accumulate on the surface of the belt divider.

[0030] In one example, the belt divider includes a fixed part. The belt divider also includes a movable part. In a preferred example, the fixed part is a bar. The bar is fixed to the frame. The bar extends horizontally between a first end and a second end. Further, in one example, the movable part is a comb. The comb is movably connected to the bar. In one example, the comb is movably connected to the bar at its central part. The movable part of the belt divider is configured to slide relative to the fixed bar. Further, when n is equal to the number of belts, the belt divider has N teeth, where N = n + 1. In one example, the movable part of the belt divider includes N - 2 teeth.

[0031] In one example, at least a portion of the belt divider is configured to move freely without additional driving force as a result of the displacement of a plurality of belts.

[0032] The beater further includes a chain. The chain runs over the guide roller. In one example, the inner side of the chain adjacent to the roller is lubricated with a lubricating fluid so that the lubricating fluid is spread over the entire chain by centrifugal force. Further, in one example, the inner side of the chain adjacent to the roller and on the upstream side of the roller with respect to the rotation of the chain around the roller is lubricated with the lubricating fluid. As a result, the lubrication of the chain is improved, wear and possible vibrations are reduced, and thus the performance and lifespan of the beater are enhanced.

[0033] The beater may further include a scraper roller. The scraper roller is arranged adjacent to the guide roller. In one example, the scraper roller has an auger in its side part. Further, the scraper roller is configured to remove hay from the guide roller.

[0034] In one example, the scraper roller has scraper wings. The scraper wings are attached to the scraper roller between the augers. The scraper wings protrude from the surface of the scraper roller to remove hay from the guide roller.

[0035] In one example, the scraper wing is composed of a side portion and a central portion. The side portion can be the extension of the auger. The central portion is arranged on the scraper roller between the side portions. In one example, the central portion protrudes from the surface of the roller in a direction different from the protruding direction of the side portions.

[0036] In a preferred example, the side portion and the central portion of the scraper wing form an angle of 180°.

[0037] According to another aspect of the present specification, the tension system includes first and second actuators. The first and second actuators are respectively associated with first and second tension arms. Further, the first actuator and the second actuator are configured to control the movement of the first arm and the second arm to adjust the tension of the belt according to a predetermined set value for each layer of the veil. The tension unit also includes an elastic unit. In one example, the elastic unit of the tension system includes two fluid accumulators. The accumulator has a gas volume. In one example, the gas is nitrogen. Further, the accumulator functions in response to the movement of the arm such that the gas expands when the tension arm drops and the actuator shortens, and the gas is compressed when the actuator extends and the arm rises. In particular, the actuator is configured to apply resistance to the belt while the tension arm moves upward as the veil inside the compression chamber is formed.

[0038] In one example, the accumulator is a membrane accumulator. In particular, in a membrane accumulator, a membrane is used as a partition between the liquid side and the gas side of the accumulator. The membrane can be deformed when pushed by gas or liquid. In another example, the actuator can have a rigid partition that separates gas and liquid. The partition can be displaced toward or away from the gas side through the actuator to compress or expand the gas.

[0039] In one example, the actuator is a hydraulic cylinder. In one example, the accumulator is connected to a passive piston-cylinder assembly and forms an elastic unit. The elastic unit is configured to maintain the tension arm in the lowered position after the veil is released. Thus, in the absence of an external force, the tension arm is returned to the lowered position by the elastic unit.

[0040] Alternatively, the accumulator is incorporated into a passive piston-cylinder assembly and forms an elastic unit. The tension system according to the above configuration can provide a desired amount of tension to the veil during veil formation and can return the tension arm to the lowered position in a simple and economically efficient manner after the veil is released.

[0041] In one example, the first and second tension arms are coupled to each other. Further, the tension arms are displaceable synchronously in their positions.

[0042] According to one aspect of the present specification, the supply unit includes a pickup unit. The pickup unit is configured to rotate in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the baler in order to sweep up the hay upward. The supply unit may also include a wind guard assembly. In one example, the wind guard assembly is disposed above the pickup unit. In particular, the wind guard assembly is configured to ensure proper supply of hay to the baler.

[0043] The wind guard assembly includes a frame. The wind guard assembly may also include a pair of wind guard arms. In one example, the wind guard arms are rotatably fixed to the frame.

[0044] Furthermore, the wind guard assembly includes a wind guard pipe. In one example, the wind guard pipe is fixed between the wind guard arms. The wind guard pipe extends longitudinally between a first end and a second end.

[0045] The wind guard assembly includes a plurality of rake tines. The plurality of rake tines (tines) are fixed to a pipe. In one example, the plurality of rake tines are spaced apart from each other. Further, the plurality of rake tines project towards the baler. The plurality of rake tines are disposed on the wind guard pipe between its first end and second end. Each rake tine of the plurality of rake tines has a free tip end. Each rake tine also has an end that is fixed to the wind guard pipe.

[0046] In one example, the plurality of rake tines includes a first rake tine and a second rake tine. The first rake tine has a first inclination with respect to the ground. The second rake tine has a second inclination with respect to the ground. In one example, the second inclination is greater than the first inclination such that the tip of the second tine is located at a higher height from the ground than the tip of the first tine.

[0047] Therefore, due to the above-described configuration of the rake tines, hay is pushed towards the compression chamber, and improved bale core formation can be expected, so it is possible to supply the hay picked up from the ground to the compression chamber of the baler in an improved manner.

[0048] In one example, the plurality of tines includes side tines and inner tines. The side tines are disposed at the first end and the second end of the pipe. The inner tines are disposed at the central portion of the pipe. In one example, the side tines have a first inclination and the central tines have a second inclination.

[0049] Furthermore, the plurality of tines may include intermediate tines. The intermediate tines are disposed between the side tines and the central tines. The intermediate tines have a third inclination. In one example, the third inclination is greater than the first inclination and less than the second inclination.

[0050] The wind guard assembly may further include a rotating wind guard cylinder. The rotating wind guard cylinder is fixed between the wind guard arms. Further, the rotating wind guard cylinder is disposed below the wind guard pipe.

[0051] In one example, the supply unit includes a rotor. The rotor has a plurality of supply blades. Each supply blade of the plurality of supply blades has a plurality of fins.

[0052] In one example, the rotor is disposed downstream of the pickup unit. In particular, the rotor is arranged such that the rotor and the pickup unit are in line in one example.

[0053] Further, in one example, when the baler advances along the forward direction, both the rotor and the pickup unit rotate in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the wheels of the baler. According to such a configuration, the picked-up hay is moved upward by the rotational directions of the pickup unit and the rotor, and the hay is picked up from the ground, conveyed from the pickup unit to the rotor, and from the rotor to the compression chamber so as to contact the plurality of rake tines.

[0054] In another example, the rotor can be disposed downstream of the pickup unit to transfer hay from the pickup unit to the compression chamber such that the rotor and the pickup unit are installed on two different frames. Alternatively, the rotor and the pickup unit can also be connected to the same frame. Further, in one example, the rotor can be configured to rotate in a direction similar to the rotational direction of the wheels of the baler when the baler advances along the forward direction. Thus, in such an example, while the rotational direction of the pickup unit is opposite to the rotational direction of the rotor, when the baler advances along the forward direction, the pickup unit rotates in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the wheels of the baler.

[0055] According to another aspect of the present specification, a plurality of rake tines of the supply unit are configured to cooperate with the pickup unit, the rotor, and the inlet portion of the loop to form a pre-chamber in front of the compression chamber, where the hay is prepared to be transferred to the compression chamber to form a bale.

[0056] As a result, the hay is pushed towards the compression chamber in an improved manner, and the formation of the core of the bale is improved.

[0057] Accordingly, the present invention provides a supply unit according to one or more aspects of the present specification. The supply unit can be used in various agricultural machines such as, for example, loader wagons, mixing machines, balers, etc.

[0058] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the present invention provides a method for forming a cylindrical bale. The method includes providing a baler comprising a plurality of guide rollers disposed inside an internal volume of the baler. The guide rollers may include a pair of inlet rollers.

[0059] The method also includes disposing a plurality of belts in the internal volume. In one example, the belts are arranged side by side within the internal volume. The method includes winding the belts around the guide rollers to form an endless loop. The loop is flexible to define the extent of the compression chamber. The method includes rotating the guide rollers to drive the belts around the loop. Further, the method includes providing hay to the compression chamber of the baler. The hay is supplied to the compression chamber via a supply unit. The hay is supplied to the compression chamber in a supply direction. Further, in one example, the hay is supplied to the compression chamber such that it contacts the inlet portion of the loop as it enters the internal volume. The inlet portion of the loop is transverse to the supply direction and is stretched between the inlet rollers.

[0060] The method includes applying tension to the belts to generate a pressure corresponding to the hay received inside the compression chamber.

[0061] The method may also include the step of adjusting the tension of the belt to a tension setpoint. The method includes the step of compressing hay to form a bale within a compression chamber.

[0062] In one example, the method includes moving a pair of tension arms between a bale start position where bale formation is initiated and a full bale position where a complete bale is formed inside the compression chamber.

[0063] Furthermore, the method includes the step of automatically setting the tension of the belt to a starting value. The step of automatically setting the tension of the belt to the starting value is performed when the tension arm is at the bale start position. Furthermore, the method includes the step of automatically increasing the tension of the belt to reach the tension setpoint. In one example, the tension of the belt automatically increases to reach the tension setpoint in response to a predetermined turning angle of the tension arm about a connection point as the arm moves upward during bale formation. The connection point is the point where the tension arm is connected to the bale frame.

[0064] The method may include pushing the hay toward the compression chamber via a supply roller to improve the movement of the hay from the supply unit to the compression chamber in the supply direction.

[0065] Furthermore, the method includes connecting each of the first tension arm and the second tension arm to the bale frame at a first end of the arm. The first arm and the second arm are connected to the bale frame such that the arm is away from a plurality of guide rollers with respect to the forward direction of the bale.

[0066] In one example, the method includes displacing at least one of the plurality of guide rollers to an upper part of the internal volume to obtain a larger compression chamber.

[0067] The method also includes the step of changing the tension of the belt within a range between a low value and a high value. The tension of the belt is changed between the low value and the high value according to a set value. The set point is selected by the operator. In one example, the method includes the step of automatically setting the tension of the belt to a starting value. The starting value is lower than the low value.

[0068] In one example, the tension of the belt is controlled via a proportional valve.

[0069] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the method includes the step of dividing each belt of a plurality of belts from an adjacent belt via a belt divider. The belt divider has a number of sections corresponding to the number of the plurality of belts.

[0070] In one example, the method includes the step of arranging each belt of the plurality of belts in a longitudinally oriented plane such that each belt is oriented along the longitudinal direction when the plurality of belts are stretched between a plurality of rollers.

[0071] In one example, at least a part of the belt divider is movable parallel and transverse to the longitudinal direction.

[0072] Furthermore, the method includes the step of running a chain on a guide roller.

[0073] The method includes the step of applying a lubricating fluid to the inside of the chain adjacent to the guide roller such that the lubricating fluid is spread over the entire chain by centrifugal force.

[0074] In particular, the method includes the step of lubricating the inside of the chain adjacent to the roller and upstream of the roller with respect to the rotation of the chain around the roller with the lubricating fluid.

[0075] In one example, the method includes removing hay from the guide roller via a scraper roller. The scraper roller is disposed adjacent to the guide roller. The scraper roller may include an auger in a side portion. Further, the scraper roller has scraper wings. The scraper wings are attached to the roller between the augers. The scraper wings project from the surface of the roller to remove hay from the guide roller.

[0076] According to another aspect of the method, the method includes moving a first arm and a second arm upward during bale formation and downward after bale release. The method also includes controlling the movement of the actuator via two fluid accumulators to adjust the tension of the belt according to a predetermined set value for each layer of the bale. The fluid accumulator has a gas volume. The movement of the actuator is controlled such that the gas expands when the tension arm drops and the actuator shortens, and the gas is compressed when the actuator extends and the arm rises.

[0077] Further, the method includes incorporating the accumulator into a passive piston-cylinder assembly to form an elastic unit. Alternatively, the method may include connecting the accumulator to a passive piston-cylinder assembly to form an elastic unit.

[0078] In one example, the method includes providing an arm having a first arm roller and a second arm roller. In one example, the first arm roller is disposed at a second end of the arm. Further, the second arm roller is disposed between a first end and a second end of the arm.

[0079] The method may include arranging the belt around an internal volume such that the first and second arm rollers cooperate with a plurality of guide rollers disposed at a height higher than the height of the connection point between the arm and the frame around which the belt is wound.

[0080] Furthermore, the method includes the step of moving the arms synchronously.

[0081] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the present invention provides a method for supplying hay picked up from the ground to a baler.

[0082] The method includes rotating the pickup unit of the supply unit in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the baler to sweep up the hay upward. The method also includes arranging a wind guard assembly above the pickup unit to ensure proper supply of the hay to the baler. Furthermore, in one example, the method includes pivotally fixing a pair of wind guard arms to the frame of the wind guard assembly.

[0083] The method may include fixing a wind guard pipe between the wind guard arms. The wind guard pipe extends longitudinally between a first end and a second end.

[0084] The method may also include fixing a plurality of rake tines to the pipe. The plurality of rake tines are fixed to the pipe such that the tines are spaced apart from each other. Furthermore, the rake tines are fixed to the pipe such that the rake tines protrude towards the baler.

[0085] In one example, the method includes arranging the tines on the pipe between its first end and its second end. The tines are arranged on the pipe such that a first rake tine of the plurality of rake tines has a first inclination with respect to the ground and a second rake tine of the plurality of rake tines has a second inclination with respect to the ground. In one example, the second inclination is greater than the first inclination. The rake tines are arranged on the pipe such that the tip of the second tine is located at a higher height from the ground than the tip of the first tine.

[0086] The method may include the step of placing side tines on the pipe at its first and second ends. The method includes the step of placing an internal tine in the central portion of the pipe. In one example, the side tines have a first inclination and the central tine has a second inclination.

[0087] The method may have the step of placing an intermediate tine between the side tine and the central tine. The intermediate tine has a third inclination. In one example, the third inclination is greater than the first inclination. In one example, the third inclination is less than the second inclination.

[0088] The method has the step of fixing a rotary wind guard cylinder between the wind guard arms. In one example, the rotary wind guard cylinder is disposed below the wind guard pipe.

[0089] The method includes the step of placing a rotor downstream of the pickup unit. The rotor has a plurality of supply blades. Each blade has a plurality of fins. The rotor is arranged such that the rotor and the pickup unit are in line.

[0090] In one example, the method includes the step of rotating both the rotor and the pickup unit in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the wheels of the beater when the beater advances along the said advancing direction.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0091] This and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of its preferred non - limiting exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

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Figures 11 - 12

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0092] Referring to the foregoing figures, the baler for forming a cylindrical bale of hay according to the present invention is indicated by number 1. The baler 1 comprises a frame F. The frame F provides an internal volume. The baler 1 also includes a supply unit 2. The supply unit 2 is configured to pick up hay from the ground and supply it to the baler 1. The supply unit has an inlet I. The supply unit has an outlet O. The inlet faces the ground. The outlet O of the supply unit is inside the baler 1. The outlet O faces the internal volume. The baler 1 includes a compression chamber C. The compression chamber C is configured to compress the hay to form a bale. The diameter of the compression chamber C is variable. In the compression chamber C, as the bale is formed within the chamber, the size of the bale-forming zone increases. The hay is supplied from the outlet O of the supply unit 2 to the compression chamber C in the supply direction D. The baler 1 comprises a plurality of guide rollers 3. The plurality of guide rollers (rollers) are arranged inside the internal volume. In one example, the plurality of guide rollers 3 are toothed. In one example, at least one guide roller is displaceable to obtain a larger compression chamber C. The plurality of guide rollers 3 includes a pair of inlet rollers 3E. The baler 1 may comprise a supply roller 7. The supply roller 7 is arranged between the outlet O of the supply unit 2 and the inlet roller 3E. The supply roller 7 is configured to push the hay towards the compression chamber C to contribute to the supply of the hay to the compression chamber. The baler 1 also includes a plurality of belts 4. The plurality of belts 4 are arranged side by side inside the internal volume. The plurality of belts 4 are wound around the guide rollers so as to define an endless loop 5. The loop 5 is flexible to define the extent of the compression chamber. Further, the guide rollers 3 are rotatable to drive the belts 4 around the loop. In particular, each portion of the plurality of belts 4 is stretched between two consecutive rollers 3. In one example, each belt of the plurality of belts 4 is arranged in a plane oriented in the longitudinal direction L such that when the plurality of belts 4 are stretched between the plurality of rollers 3, they are oriented in the longitudinal direction. In one example, the width of each belt of the plurality of belts is at least 230 mm. Preferably, the width of each belt of the plurality of belts is equal to 286 cm. In one example, the plurality of belts includes four belts.In one example, the width of the compression chamber is equal to 1542 mm. The plurality of belts 4 may include five belts. In the compression chamber C, the bale is formed between at least two consecutive rollers 3 spaced apart by a sufficient distance for the belt 4 to be stretched between the two rollers 3. Thus, the plurality of belts 4 surround the periphery of the bale formed inside the compression chamber.

[0093] In particular, the belt 4 deforms while the bale is being formed inside the compression chamber C. Thus, the belt 4 conforms to the shape of the bale formed in the compression chamber. In one example, the inlet portion EP of the loop 5 between the inlet rollers 3E is transverse to the supply direction D. The inlet portion of the loop 5 is located at the outlet O of the supply unit 2 and is arranged to contact the inlet portion EP of the loop 5 when the hay enters the internal volume.

[0094] The baler 1 includes a tensioning system 6. The tensioning system 6 is configured to apply tension to the belt 4 so as to generate a pressure corresponding to the hay contained inside the compression chamber C. The tensioning system includes a first tension arm 601 and a second tension arm 602. The first and second tension arms are connected to the frame F and move between a bale start position where the formation of the bale starts and a full bale position where a complete bale is formed inside the compression chamber C. The tension arms maintain a constant tension on the belt and release the portion of the belt necessary to enlarge the bale inside the compression chamber.

[0095] In particular, the tensioning system 6 is configured to adjust the tension of the belt 4 to a tension setpoint. The tension setpoint is selected by the operator. In one example, the baler 1 comprises a control unit.

[0096] The control unit is connected to the tension system 6. The control unit is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt 4 to an initial value. The control unit is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt 4 to the initial value with the tension arm in the webbing start position. Further, the control unit is programmed to automatically increase the tension of the belt so as to reach the tension set point in response to a predetermined turning angle of the tension arm about the connection point when the tension arm moves upward during webbing formation. The connection point is the point where the tension arms 601, 602 are connected to the frame F of the webbing 1. In other words, when the core of the webbing is being formed in the initial stage of webbing formation, the control unit sets the tension of the belt to the initial value. The initial value is close to zero. As the core of the webbing is formed inside the compression chamber C, the belt deforms to conform to the shape of the core of the webbing and the tension arm moves upward. When the turning angle of the tension arm reaches a predetermined value regarded as the end of the core formation stage, the control unit increases the tension of the belt 4 to the tension set value. In one example, the webbing 1 includes an angle sensor that detects the turning angle of the tension arm.

[0097] In one example, the control unit is configured to change the tension of the belt within a range between a low value and a high value. The control unit is configured to change the tension of the belt according to a set value selectable by an operator. Different values of the tension of the belt can be selected for the core of the webbing and the outer portion of the webbing. For example, the belt tension set value can be low, medium, or high. Further, the control unit is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt 4 to an initial value lower than the low value.

[0098] In one example, the control unit is configured to change the tension of the belt via a proportional valve.

[0099] Each of the first tension arm 601 and the second tension arm 602 has a first end 601A, 602A and a second end 601B, 602B. Each of the first tension arm 601 and the second tension arm 602 is connected to the frame F at the first ends 601A, 602A of the arms. Each of the tension arms is connected to the frame such that the arm is away from the plurality of guide rollers 3 in the forward direction AD of the beater 1.

[0100] Furthermore, in one example, each of the tension arms 601, 602 has a first arm roller AR1. The first arm roller AR1 is disposed at the second ends 601B, 602B of each of the tension arms 601, 602. Each of the tension arms has a second arm roller AR2. The second arm roller AR2 is disposed between the first ends 601A, 602A and the second ends 601B, 602B of each tension arm 601, 602. In particular, each tension arm has a lower half and an upper half. The lower half extends from the midpoint of each arm to the second ends 601B, 602B of each tension arm. The upper half of each tension arm extends from the midpoint to the first ends 601A, 602A. In one example, the second arm roller AR2 is disposed in the lower half near the first arm roller AR1. In one example, the first and second arm rollers AR1, AR2 are configured to cooperate with a plurality of guide rollers 3 disposed at a height higher than the height of the connection point between the tension arms 601, 602 and the frame F around which the belts of the plurality of belts 4 are wound. Further, the plurality of guide rollers 3 includes a first guide roller 301. The plurality of guide rollers 3 includes a second guide roller 302. The plurality of guide rollers 3 also includes a third roller 303. In one example, the first, second, and third rollers are disposed at a height higher than the connection point between the tension arms 601, 602 and the frame F. The first and second arm rollers are such that the plurality of belts 4 are stretched between the following, that is, the first guide roller and the first arm roller, the first arm roller and the second guide roller, the second guide roller and the second arm roller, The second arm roller and the third guide roller, are configured to cooperate with the first, second, and third rollers 301, 302, 303 so as to be stretched between them.

[0101] Furthermore, the second and third guide rollers 302, 303 are arranged between the first end and the second end of the arm along the forward direction.

[0102] The inlet portion of the belt is stretched only between the guide rollers 3E and is not wound around the first and second arm rollers AR1, AR2.

[0103] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the tension system 6 includes a first actuator 603 and a second actuator 604. The first and second actuators are respectively associated with the first and second tension arms 601, 602. The first and second tension arms move upward during bale formation and downward after bale release. The first and second actuators 603, 604 are configured to control the movement of the first and second arms to adjust the tension of the belt according to a preset value for each layer of the bale. In one example, the first and second tension arms 601, 602 are coupled and can be displaced synchronously in their positions.

[0104] In one example, the tension system 6 includes two fluid accumulators A. The fluid accumulators have a gas volume. Furthermore, the fluid accumulators function in response to the movement of the tension arms 601, 602 such that the gas expands when the tension arms lower and the actuators shorten, and the gas is compressed when the actuators extend and the arms rise.

[0105] In one example, the accumulator A is a membrane accumulator. In the accumulator, a membrane M is used as a partition between the liquid side FS and the gas side GS of the accumulator. In particular, the membrane functions as an elastic member that compresses gas when the accumulator is filled with liquid. The actuators 603, 604 are hydraulic cylinders. The actuators are configured to apply resistance to the tension arms 601, 602 when the tension arms 601, 602 start to move upward as a result of the formation of the bellows inside the compression chamber. The hydraulic cylinder has a cylinder tube. The cylinder tube has a piston connected to the rod. The piston divides the tube into two cylinder chambers, an upper chamber (rod side) and a lower chamber (piston side). At the bellows start position where the tension arm has dropped, the upper chamber is filled with liquid. When the tension arm starts to move upward, the piston moves upward and the liquid in the upper chamber is slowly discharged through the proportional valve. Thus, the tension arm moves upward due to the pressure applied by the bellows being formed inside the compression chamber. It is possible to increase the tension of the belt by the resistance applied to the upward movement of the tension arms 601, 602 by the actuators 603, 604 via the proportional valve and the control unit. It should be mentioned that the tension of the belt determines the density of the bellows. Furthermore, different tension values can be selected for each layer of the bellows. For example, the core, the intermediate layer and the outer layer of the bellows can have the same or different tension levels.

[0106] The beater includes a tailgate. The tailgate is connected to the connection of the piston-cylinder unit 901, and this unit enables the opening and closing of the tailgate. Each of the piston-cylinder units of the tailgate includes a tube having a rod and a piston. The tube of the piston-cylinder unit 901 is similar to the tubes of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 of the tension system, and includes a piston side 901A and a rod side 901B. The tube of the piston-cylinder unit 901 is filled with liquid. The tailgate is opened to release the beater formed inside the compression chamber. Further, there is a hydraulic circuit 9 between the tractor TR that can connect to the beater 1 and the beater 1. The hydraulic cylinders (actuators) 603, 604 of the tension system 6 can be connected to the piston-cylinder unit 901 of the tailgate via the hydraulic circuit 9 between the tractor and the beater. A schematic diagram of the hydraulic circuit can be seen in FIG. 11. Further, the hydraulic circuit 9 includes a hydraulic block 900 that controls the fluid inside the hydraulic circuit 9. According to this schematic diagram, when the tailgate opens, the piston side 901A of the piston-cylinder unit 901 of the tailgate and the piston sides of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 of the tension system are filled with liquid (oil), so the rod is lifted and the oil inside the rod side 901B of the piston-cylinder unit 901 is discharged. As a result, pressure is applied to the first connection line C1 that connects the hydraulic source of the tractor TR to the first supply point 902 of the hydraulic block 900, and the pressure rises on one side of the circuit 9. Therefore, in this case, the pressure P1 of the first connection line C1 is greater than the pressure P2 of the second connection line C2 that connects the hydraulic source of the tractor to the second supply point 903 of the hydraulic block 900. At the same time, when oil is transferred to the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 and the piston side of the piston-cylinder unit 901 of the tailgate, a plurality of control valves 904 operate to open the connection line (second connection line C2) having a lower pressure. In particular, the oil discharged from the rod side of the piston-cylinder unit of the tailgate and the rod sides of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 of the tension system flows through the connection line (second connection line) having a lower pressure P2. The hydraulic circuit 9 includes a bypass valve 908.As described above, the control unit is programmed to automatically set the belt tension to the starting value when the tension arm is at the bale starting position. The starting value of the tension may be close to zero. In particular, when the tension arm is at the bale starting position and the crop is entering the compression chamber to form a bale (the preliminary bale core formation stage), the control unit instructs to open the bypass valve 908. As a result, the rod side and the piston side of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 of the tension system 6 are connected via the opened bypass valve 908, and the liquid can pass from one side of the tubes of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 to the other side via the bypass valve. In this case, the liquid on the rod side and the piston side of the cylinders 603, 604 are in an equilibrium state, and no pressure is applied to the tension arm. Therefore, the tension arm moves upward only by the force exerted by the crop contacting the inlet portion of the belt 4 and entering the compression chamber. When the preliminary bale core reaches a predetermined diameter, the preliminary bale core formation stage is considered to be completed. When the preliminary bale core formation stage is completed, the control unit instructs to close the bypass valve 908 and open the proportional valve 905. Therefore, the liquid on the rod side of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 passes through the proportional valve 905.

[0107] As described above, the release of oil from the rod side of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled via the proportional valve 905. Therefore, when the tension arms 601, 602 move upward due to bale formation, in order to apply the required tension to the belt 4 and the desired tension to the bale core and the different layers of the bale, oil (liquid) is released from the rod side of the tubes of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 according to a predetermined amount of resistance that needs to be inserted into the upward movement of the tension arm. When the predetermined amount of resistance is obtained, the proportional valve 905 is closed so that no more liquid can be released from the rod side of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604. Therefore, the rod is lifted by the upward movement of the tension arm, and the pressure on the rod side of the hydraulic cylinder increases. Then, the proportional valve opens again to control the release of oil from the rod side, and as a result, the tension level of the arm is controlled.

[0108] Accordingly, the starting value of the belt tension is supplied by the bypass valve 908, and further, the value of the belt tension that determines the density of each layer of the veil is supplied by the proportional valve 905 in response to the set value selected by the operator.

[0109] When the tailgate closes, oil is sent to the rod side of the piston-cylinder unit of the tailgate and to the rod side of the hydraulic cylinder (actuator) of the tension system. Accordingly, pressure is applied to the second connection line C2, and as a result, the pressure P2 in the second connection line becomes greater than the pressure P1 in the first connection line. At the same time, oil is withdrawn from the piston side. The oil transferred to the rod side of the piston-cylinder unit 901 can be controlled via the adjustable choke valve 906. Further, the oil transferred to the rod sides of the hydraulic cylinders 603, 604 can be controlled via the fixed choke valve 907. Note that the proportional valve 905 and the bypass valve are deactivated while the rod sides of the hydraulic cylinders are being filled with oil.

[0110] In one example, the accumulator A is connected to the passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 to form the elastic unit 606.

[0111] Alternatively, the accumulator is incorporated into the passive piston-cylinder assembly to form the elastic unit 606.

[0112] In particular, the elastic unit is configured to return the tension arms 601, 602 to the veil starting position after the veil is released. Thus, in the absence of an external force (e.g., the force applied to the tension arms when the veil is formed inside the compression chamber), the elastic unit maintains the tension arms in the lowered position (veil starting position). In one example, the elastic unit has a closed hydraulic circuit in which a specific amount of liquid moves under pressure between the passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 and the accumulator A. Thus, the liquid under pressure moving between the passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 and the accumulator does not enter the hydraulic circuit 9. The passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 has a tube and a piston P attached to the rod RO and separating the two chambers of the tube. One of the chambers of the tube of the passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 is connected to the accumulator A to form a closed hydraulic circuit. The other chamber is filled with air. The accumulator takes in liquid when the tension arms move upward due to the formation of the veil, so the pressure P3 rises and the gas is compressed. After the veil is released, the gas expands and pushes the pressurized liquid into the chamber of the passive piston-cylinder assembly 605. As a result, the piston moves downward, and as a result, the tension arms move downward toward the veil starting position. When the liquid is pushed into the chamber of the passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 and the piston P moves downward, the air inside the second chamber of the passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 is discharged to the outside. Also, it is possible to exchange the liquid in the hydraulic circuit of the elastic unit via a purge point.

[0113] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the divider includes a belt divider 8. The belt divider 8 is configured to partition each of the plurality of belts 4 from adjacent belts. The belt divider 8 has a number of sections corresponding to the number of the plurality of belts 4. In one example, at least a portion of the belt divider 8 is movable parallel and transverse to the longitudinal direction L. The beller 1 may have a plurality of belt dividers 8. In one example, the belt divider 8 includes a fixed portion 801 and a movable portion 802. In one example, the fixed portion 801 is a bar. The bar is fixed to the frame F. The bar extends along the transverse direction T between a first end and a second end. The movable portion 802 is a comb. The movable portion 802 is movably connected to the bar at its central portion. The belt divider 8 has a plurality of teeth TO. The plurality of teeth includes a pair of side teeth and a plurality of central teeth. The side teeth are fixed to the first end and the second end of the bar and define the range of the outer belts of the plurality of belts 4. The central teeth are disposed between the side teeth and belong to the movable portion. In one example, if the number of belts is n, the belt divider has N teeth TO, where N = n + 1. Further, the movable portion 802 of the belt divider 8 includes N - 2 teeth.

[0114] The movable portion of the belt divider 8 is configured to slide relative to the fixed bar. In one example, at least a portion of the belt divider 8 is configured to move freely. In particular, at least a portion of the belt divider 8 is configured to move freely without additional driving force as a result of the displacement of the plurality of belts 4. Thus, when one of the plurality of belts 4 is displaced, the belt contacts the teeth that separate the belt from the other belts, and as a result, the belt divider 8 moves relative to the fixed bar.

[0115] In one example, the belt divider 8 includes a stop element. The stop element is configured to provide a limited movement of the movable portion 802 of the belt divider. Primarily, the movable portion of the belt divider moves along a specific path having a determined length. When the movable portion reaches the end of the path, the stop element stops the movement of the movable portion, so that the movable portion is provided with a limited movement.

[0116] The beater 1 also comprises a chain. The chain runs over the guide roller 3. In one example, the inner side of the chain adjacent to the roller 3 is lubricated with a lubricating fluid so that the lubricating fluid is spread over the entire chain by centrifugal force. In particular, the inner side of the chain adjacent to the roller 3 and upstream of the roller with respect to the rotation of the chain around the roller is lubricated with the lubricating fluid. The lubricating fluid is spread from the reservoir 102 of the lubrication system 10 via the actuator 101. In one example, the actuator of the lubrication system uses pressurized oil circulating in the hydraulic circuit 9 to pump the lubricating fluid. In particular, as described above, when the tailgate opens, oil (pressurized fluid) is discharged from the rod side of the piston-cylinder unit 901 of the tailgate, and as a result, the pressure P2 on one side of the hydraulic circuit 9 increases. In one example, the lubrication system 10 can be connected to the hydraulic circuit 9 so that the actuator uses the pressurized fluid (oil) of the hydraulic circuit to pump the lubricating fluid to the chain.

[0117] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the beater includes a scraper roller SR. The scraper roller is arranged adjacent to the guide roller 3. The scraper roller has an auger in its lateral part. The scraper roller is configured to remove hay from the guide roller. In particular, when the scraper roller rotates together with the guide roller, the auger is twisted around the scraper roller in its lateral part so as to remove hay deposits from the roller and the wall of the compression chamber.

[0118] In one example, the scraper roller has scraper wings SW. The scraper wings are attached to the scraper roller between the augers. The scraper wings project from the surface of the roller. The scraper wings are configured to remove hay from the guide roller.

[0119] In one example, the scraper wing SW is composed of a side portion and a central portion. The side portion can be the extension of the auger at the side portion of the scraper roller. The central portion of the scraper wing is arranged on the scraper roller between the side portions of the scraper wing. The central portion of the scraper wing protrudes from the surface of the roller in a direction different from the protruding direction of the side portions of the scraper wing. The central portion and the side portions of the scraper wing SW are separated from each other. In one example, the side portion and the central portion of the scraper wing form an angle of 180°.

[0120] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the supply unit 2 includes a pickup unit 8. The pickup unit is configured to rotate in a direction opposite to the traveling direction (forward direction AD) of the baler in order to sweep up hay upward. The pickup unit has a plurality of tines protruding from the pickup unit for sweeping up hay.

[0121] The supply unit comprises a wind guard assembly 202. The wind guard assembly 202 is arranged above the pickup unit 201 to ensure proper supply of hay to the baler 1.

[0122] The wind guard assembly 202 also includes a frame 2021. The wind guard assembly 202 includes a pair of wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B. The wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B can be rotatably fixed to the frame 2021 of the wind guard assembly. The wind guard assembly 202 includes a wind guard pipe 2023. The wind guard pipe (pipe) 2023 is fixed between the wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B. The wind guard pipe 2023 extends along the longitudinal axis between a first end 2023A and a second end 2023B. The wind guard assembly 202 includes a plurality of rake tines 2024. The rake tines (tines) 2024 are fixed to the pipe 2023. In one example, the rake tines 2024 are spaced apart from each other. The rake tines project towards the beater 1. The rake tines 2024 are arranged on the wind guard pipe 2023 between its first end 2023A and its second end 2023B. Each tine of the plurality of rake tines can have a free tip end and an end fixed to the pipe 2023. In one example, the free tip end of each rake tine is curved towards the pickup unit 201.

[0123] The plurality of rake tines includes a first rake tine 2024A and a second rake tine 2024B.

[0124] The first rake tine 2024 has a first inclination with respect to the ground, and the second rake tine has a second inclination with respect to the ground. In one example, the second inclination is greater than the first inclination such that the tip of the second rake tine 2024B is located at a higher height from the ground than the tip of the first rake tine 2024A.

[0125] The plurality of tines 2024 includes side tines. The side tines are arranged at the first end 2023A and the second end 2023B of the wind guard pipe 2023. The plurality of tines 2024 includes inner tines. The inner tines are arranged at the central portion of the pipe 2023. In one example, the side tines have a first inclination, and the central tines have a second inclination.

[0126] The plurality of rake tines 2024 includes intermediate tines. The intermediate tines are arranged between the side tines and the central tines. The intermediate tines have a third inclination. In one example, the third inclination is greater than the first inclination and less than the second inclination. The wind guard assembly may include a rotating wind guard cylinder 2025. The rotating wind guard cylinder 2025 is fixed between the wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B. In particular, each of the wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B has a first end and a second end, the first end is fixed to the frame 2021, and the second end is coupled to the wind guard cylinder 2025. Further, each wind guard arm is composed of one single piece that continuously extends between the first end and the second end. The rotating wind guard cylinder 2025 is arranged below the wind guard pipe 2023.

[0127] The supply unit 2 includes a rotor 203. The rotor 203 has a plurality of supply blades 2031. Each of the supply blades 2031 may have a plurality of fins 2032. The rotor 203 has a shaft, and the shaft receives external power to rotate the rotor.

[0128] The rotor 203 is arranged downstream of the pickup unit 201. The rotor is arranged such that the rotor and the pickup unit are in a line. The rotor 203 is configured to receive the hay picked up from the ground and transfer the hay to the compression chamber C via the supply blades 2031.

[0129] In one example, both the rotor 203 and the pickup unit 201 rotate in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the wheels W of the baler when the baler advances along the forward direction. Further, the supply roller 7 rotates in the same direction as the rotor 203 and the pickup unit 201.

[0130] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of rake tines 2024 of the supply unit 2 are configured to cooperate with the pickup unit 201, the rotor 203, and the inlet portion of the loop to form a pre-chamber in front of the compression chamber C, where the hay is prepared to be transferred to the compression chamber to form a bale.

[0131] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the rotor 203 may include a plurality of knives 2033. The knives may be inserted between the supply blades 2031. In one example, the knife 2033 is removable. The number of knives of the rotor can be changed by the operator. In one example, the maximum number of knives of the rotor is equal to 15. In another example, the rotor 203 may have a maximum of 25 knives between the supply blades.

[0132] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the present invention provides a method for forming a cylindrical bale. The method includes providing a baler 1 having a plurality of guide rollers 3. The guide rollers (rollers) 3 are disposed within the internal volume of the baler 1. The plurality of guide rollers 2 may include a pair of inlet rollers 3E.

[0133] This method includes the step of arranging a plurality of belts (belts) 4 side by side in the internal volume. The belts are wound around the guide rollers 3 so as to define an endless loop. The loop is flexible so as to define the extent of the compression chamber C. In one example, the method includes the step of displacing at least one of the plurality of guide rollers 3 to the upper part of the internal volume in order to obtain a larger compression chamber C. The method includes the step of rotating the guide rollers 3 in order to drive the plurality of belts 4 around the loop. The method includes the step of supplying hay to the compression chamber C of the baler 1 via the supply unit 2. The hay is supplied to the compression chamber in the supply direction D. In one example, the hay is supplied to the compression chamber C such that the hay contacts the inlet portion EP of the loop when the hay enters the internal volume. The inlet portion EP is transverse to the supply direction D and is stretched between the inlet rollers 3E. The method may include the step of pushing the hay towards the compression chamber C via the supply roller 7 in order to improve the movement of the hay from the supply unit 2 towards the compression chamber C in the supply direction D.

[0134] This method includes the step of applying tension to the belts 4 so as to generate a pressure corresponding to the hay contained inside the compression chamber C. The method includes the step of adjusting the tension of the belts to a tension set point. The tension set point is selected by the operator. In one example, the tension of the belts is controlled via a proportional valve. The method includes the step of compressing the hay to form a bale inside the compression chamber C. The method includes the step of moving a pair of tension arms 601, 602 between a bale start position where the formation of the bale is initiated and a complete bale position where a complete bale is formed inside the compression chamber C. The tension of the belts is provided by a tension system 6. The tension system includes the tension arms 601, 602. The method includes the step of connecting each of the tension arms 601, 602 to the frame F of the baler 1 at the first ends 601A, 602A such that the arm is away from the plurality of guide rollers with respect to the forward direction AD of the baler 1.

[0135] In one example, the method includes automatically setting the tension of the belt to a starting value. The tension of the belt 4 is set to the starting value when the tension arm is at the bale starting position. Further, the method includes automatically increasing the tension of the belt to reach a tension set point. In one example, the tension of the belt is increased to reach the tension set point in response to a predetermined turning angle of the tension arms 601, 602 about the connection point as the arm moves upward during bale formation. The connection point is the point where the tension arm is connected to the bale frame. In one example, the method includes changing the tension of the belt in response to a set value selected by an operator within a range between a low value and a high value. The tension of the belt can be changed via a control unit. The method includes automatically setting the tension of the belt to a starting value lower than the low value.

[0136] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the method includes moving the tension arm upward during bale formation and moving the tension arm downward after bale release. Each of the tension arms 601, 602 is associated with a respective actuator 603, 604. The method may include moving the arms 601, 602 synchronously. The method includes controlling the movement of the tension arm via respective actuators 603, 604 and adjusting the tension of the belt according to a predetermined set value for each layer of the bale. In one example, the method includes controlling the movement of the actuator via two fluid accumulators A. The accumulator has a gas volume such that the gas expands when the tension arms 601, 602 lower and the actuator shortens, and the gas is compressed when the actuator extends and the arm rises. In one example, the method includes connecting the accumulator to a passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 to form an elastic unit 606.

[0137] Alternatively, the method includes incorporating the accumulator into a passive piston-cylinder assembly 605 to form an elastic unit.

[0138] In one example, the method includes the step of providing a first arm roller AR1 on the tension arms 601, 602. The first arm roller AR1 is disposed at the second ends 601B, 602B of the tension arms. The method includes the step of providing a second arm roller AR2 on the tension arms 601, 602. The second tension arm AR2 is disposed between the first ends 601A, 602A and the second ends 601B, 602B of the arms 601, 602.

[0139] The method can include the step of arranging the belts of the plurality of belts 4 around the internal volume such that the first and second arm rollers AR1, AR2 cooperate with a plurality of guide rollers 3 disposed at a height higher than the height of the connection points between the arms 601, 602 and the frame F around which the belt is wound.

[0140] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the method includes the step of arranging each belt of the plurality of belts in a longitudinally oriented plane such that when the plurality of belts are stretched between the plurality of rollers, they are oriented along the longitudinal direction L.

[0141] Furthermore, the method includes the step of dividing each belt of the plurality of belts 4 from the adjacent belts via a belt divider 8. The belt divider has a number of sections corresponding to the number of the plurality of belts. At least a part of the belt divider is movable parallel and transverse to the longitudinal direction L.

[0142] In one example, the method includes the step of running a chain over the guide roller 3. The method includes the step of applying a lubricating fluid inside the chain adjacent to the guide roller such that the lubricating fluid is spread over the entire chain by centrifugal force.

[0143] In one example, the method includes the step of lubricating the inside of the chain adjacent to the roller and upstream of the roller with respect to the rotation of the chain around the roller with a lubricating fluid.

[0144] The method may include the step of removing hay from the guide roller via a scraper roller SR. The scraper roller is disposed adjacent to the guide roller 3, and the scraper roller is provided with an auger in a side portion. The scraper roller has a scraper wing SW. The scraper wing is attached to the roller between the augers and protrudes from the roller surface to remove hay from the guide roller.

[0145] The present invention provides a method for supplying hay picked up from the ground to a baler. The baler may be according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The method includes the step of rotating the pickup unit 201 of the supply unit 2 in a direction opposite to the traveling direction AD of the baler in order to sweep up the hay upward. The method includes the step of disposing a wind guard assembly 202 above the pickup unit 201 to ensure proper supply of hay to the baler.

[0146] The method includes the step of rotatably fixing a pair of wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B to the frame 2021 of the wind guard assembly 202.

[0147] The method includes the step of fixing a wind guard pipe 2023 between the wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B. The wind guard pipe 2023 extends along the longitudinal axis L between the first end 2023A and the second end 2023B.

[0148] The method includes the step of fixing a plurality of rake tines 2024 to the pipe 2023 such that the tines are spaced apart from each other. The plurality of rake tines 2024 protrude toward the baler.

[0149] The method includes arranging tines in a pipe between a first end portion and a second end portion thereof, such that a first rake tine 2024A of a plurality of rake tines has a first inclination with respect to the ground, a second rake tine 2024B of the plurality of rake tines has a second inclination with respect to the ground, and a tip portion of the second tine is located at a height higher from the ground than a tip portion of the first tine, and the second inclination is greater than the first inclination.

[0150] The method includes arranging side tines in a pipe at a first end portion 2023A and a second end portion 2023B thereof. The method also includes arranging inner tines in a central portion of the pipe. The side tines have a first inclination and the central tines have a second inclination.

[0151] In one example, the method includes arranging intermediate tines between the side tines and the central tines. The intermediate tines may have a third inclination greater than the first inclination and smaller than the second inclination.

[0152] The method may include fixing a rotary wind guard cylinder 2025 between wind guard arms 2022A, 2022B and below a wind guard pipe 2023.

[0153] In one example, the method includes arranging a rotor 203 downstream of a pickup unit 201, and the rotor may have a plurality of supply blades 2031. Each of the blades may have fins. The rotor 203 is arranged such that the rotor and the pickup unit are aligned in a line.

[0154] The method may have a step of rotating both the rotor and the pickup unit in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of wheels of the beater when the beater advances along the advancing direction AD.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0155]

Patent Document 1

Claims

1. A baler (1) for forming a cylindrical bale of agricultural crops, - A frame (F) that provides internal volume, - A supply unit (2) attached to the frame and configured to pick up crops from the ground and supply them to the baler (1), the supply unit (2) having an inlet (I) facing the ground and an outlet (O) facing the internal volume, - A compression chamber (C) for compressing the crop to form the bale, wherein the compression chamber has a variable diameter, and the crop is supplied to the compression chamber from the outlet of the supply unit in the supply direction (D), - A plurality of guide rollers (3) arranged inside the internal volume and including a pair of inlet rollers (3E), - A plurality of belts (4) arranged side by side within the internal volume and wound around the guide rollers to define an endless loop (5), wherein the loop is flexible to define the extent of the compression chamber (C), the guide rollers (3) are rotatable to drive the belts around the loop, the inlet portion (EP) of the loop between the inlet rollers is lateral to the supply direction (D), and the plurality of belts (4) are located at the outlet (O) of the supply unit (2) so as to contact the inlet portion of the loop when the crops enter the internal volume, - A tension system (6) configured to apply tension to the belt (4) to generate a pressure corresponding to the crops housed inside the compression chamber, comprising a first tension arm (601) and a second tension arm (602) connected to the frame (F) to move between a bale start position where the formation of the bale begins and a full bale position where the complete bale is formed inside the compression chamber, wherein the tension system (6) is configured to adjust the tension of the belt to a tension set point, - Including a control unit, The control unit is connected to the tension system and is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt to a starting value when the tension arm is in the bale starting position, and to automatically increase the tension of the belt to reach the tension setting point in response to a predetermined pivot angle of the tension arm about a connection point as the arm moves upward during bale formation, the connection point being the point where the tension arm is connected to the frame of the baler (1).

2. The tension system (6) comprises first and second actuators (603, 604), each having a tube divided into two chambers, wherein a fluid moves between the chambers, and the actuators are configured to apply a predetermined amount of resistance to the tension arm while it is moving upward, and the control unit is configured to set the tension of the belt to the starting value by acting a bypass valve (908) configured to maintain the fluid in equilibrium between the two chambers such that the pressure exerted by the actuators on the tension arm is close to zero, the bailer (1) according to claim 1.

3. The bailer (1) according to claim 2, wherein the control unit is configured to change the tension of the belt via a proportional valve.

4. The baler (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a supply roller (7) positioned between the outlet and the inlet roller of the supply unit, wherein the supply roller is configured to push the crop toward the compression chamber in order to contribute to the supply of the crop to the compression chamber.

5. The baler (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the first tension arm (601) and the second tension arm (602) has a first end (601A, 602A) and a second end (601B, 602B), and the first end of the arm is connected to the frame such that the arm is separated from the plurality of guide rollers with respect to the forward direction (AD) of the baler.

6. The plurality of guide rollers (3) include a first guide roller (301), a second guide roller (302), and a third roller (303), wherein the first, second, and third rollers are positioned higher than the connection point between the arm and the frame, and the arm has a first arm roller (AR1) at its second end, and a second arm roller (AR2) between the first and second ends of the arm, and these rollers are positioned such that the belt (4) is stretched between the following, i.e., The first guide roller and the first arm roller, The first arm roller and the second guide roller, The aforementioned second guide roller and the aforementioned second arm roller, The baler (1) according to claim 5, configured to cooperate with the first, second and third rollers so as to be stretched between the second arm roller and the third guide roller.

7. The baler (1) according to claim 6, wherein the second and third guide rollers are positioned between the first and second ends of the arm in the forward direction.

8. The bailer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one guide roller is displaceable to obtain a larger compression chamber.

9. The bailer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit is configured to change the tension of the belt in response to a set value selectable by an operator within a range between a low value and a high value, and the control unit is programmed to automatically set the tension of the belt to a starting value lower than the low value.

10. The baler (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the width of each of the plurality of belts is at least 230 mm.

11. The bailer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of belts (4) includes four belts.

12. The bailer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the compression chamber has a width equal to 1542 mm, and the plurality of belts includes five belts.

13. The baler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pair of inlet rollers are two consecutive guide rollers, and the inlet portion is stretched between the inlet rollers.

14. A method for forming a cylindrical veil, - A baler (1) comprising a plurality of guide rollers (3) arranged within the internal volume of the baler and including a pair of inlet rollers (3E), - A step of arranging a plurality of belts (4) in the internal volume and winding them around the guide roller to define an endless loop (5), wherein the loop is flexible to define the extent of the compression chamber (C), - The step of rotating the guide roller (3) to drive the belt around the loop, - A step of supplying crops to the compression chamber (C) of the baler (1) via a supply unit (2) in the supply direction (D), wherein, as the crops enter the internal volume, they come into contact with the inlet portion of the loop (EP) stretched between the inlet rollers and oriented laterally to the supply direction; - The steps of applying tension to the belt to generate a pressure corresponding to the crops housed inside the compression chamber, - The steps of adjusting the tension of the belt to the tension setting point and compressing the crop to form the bale in the compression chamber (C), - The process includes moving a pair of tension arms (601, 602) between a bale start position where the formation of the bale begins and a complete bale position where the complete bale is formed inside the compression chamber, The method includes the steps of automatically setting the tension of the belt to a starting value while the tension arm is in the bale starting position, and automatically increasing the tension of the belt to reach a tension setting point in response to a predetermined pivot angle of the tension arm about a connection point as the arm moves upward during bale formation, wherein the connection point is the point where the tension arm is connected to the frame of the baler.

15. - A step of providing a tension system comprising first and second actuators (603, 604), each having a tube divided into two chambers, - The step of circulating the fluid between the two chambers, - The steps of applying a predetermined amount of resistance to the tension arm while it is moving upward via the actuators (603, 604), The method according to claim 14, comprising the steps of: passing the fluid through a bypass valve (908) and maintaining the fluid in equilibrium between the two chambers, thereby reducing the pressure exerted by the actuator on the tension arm to near zero, and thereby setting the tension of the belt to the starting value.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the tension of the belt is controlled via a proportional valve.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, further comprising the step of pushing the crop toward the compression chamber via a supply roller (7) in order to improve the movement of the crop from the supply unit toward the compression chamber in the supply direction (D).

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, comprising the step of connecting the arm to the frame of the baler at the first end of the arm (601A, 602A) such that the arm is away from the plurality of guide rollers with respect to the forward direction (AD) of the baler.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, comprising the step of displacing at least one of the plurality of guide rollers to the upper part of the internal volume in order to obtain a larger compression chamber.

20. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, comprising the step of changing the tension of the belt in response to a set value selected by an operator within a range between a low value and a high value, thereby automatically setting the tension of the belt to a starting value lower than the low value.

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