Cutting device for cutting segments for energy cells from a supplied endless web

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting segments (7) for energy cells from an endless web (5) supplied into an intermediate chamber (6) in a cutting plane (I), which is a cutting rotary device arranged on one side of the intermediate chamber (6) and driven by a first drive device (100) to perform a rotational movement around a rotational axis, the cutting rotary device having at least one cutting knife (3) protruding radially outward from an interface of the cutting rotary device, in particular, a cutting drum (1) having at least one cutting knife (3) protruding radially outward from an outer peripheral surface of the cutting drum (2), a blade (9) of the cutting knife (3) sliding along a blade (8) of a counter knife (4) in a point contact (S) during cutting of the endless web (5) during a rotational movement of the cutting rotary device, in particular the cutting drum (1), and the first drive device (100) being torque-controlled at least during sliding of the blade (9) of the cutting knife (3) along the blade (8) of the counter knife (4), and relates to a cutting device for cutting segments (7) for energy cells from a supplied endless web (5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting segments for energy cells from a supplied endless web, which has the features of the superordinate concept part of claim 1.

Background Art

[0002] An energy cell in the sense of the present invention, or an energy accumulator, is used, for example, in motor vehicles and other land vehicles, ships, aircraft, or in stationary installations such as solar power plants, in the form of a battery cell or a fuel cell in which a very large amount of energy must be stored over a relatively long period. For this purpose, such an energy cell has a structure consisting of a number of segments stacked in a laminate. These segments are each formed from alternating anode sheets and cathode sheets that are isolated from each other by separator sheets, which are also manufactured as segments. The segments are precut during the manufacturing process and then stacked in a predetermined order in the laminate and joined to each other by lamination. At that time, the anode sheet and the cathode sheet are first cut from an endless web, then individualized at intervals and placed on one endless web of separator material each. This subsequently formed endless web of separator material with the placed anode sheet or cathode sheet is then, in a second step, again cut into segments by a cutting device, where the segments are in this case formed in a bilayer by one separator sheet each having one anode sheet or cathode sheet placed thereon. If this is technically possible or necessary, the endless web of separator material with the placed anode sheet and cathode sheet may be stacked before cutting, with the result that an endless web is formed having a first endless layer of separator material with an anode sheet or cathode sheet placed thereon and a second endless layer of separator material with an anode sheet or cathode sheet also placed thereon. This "four-layer" endless web is then cut into segments by a cutting device, and the segments are in this case formed in four layers having a first separator sheet, an anode sheet, a second separator sheet, and a cathode sheet abutting thereon. The advantage of this solution is that one cut can be saved.Furthermore, another endless web of separator material may be placed on the endless web of the "double layer" of the prefab having the endless web of separator material and the placed electrodes, resulting in the formation of an endless web of "three layers", from which three-layer segments are then cut accordingly. A segment in the sense of the present invention can therefore be a single-layer segment of separator material, anode material or cathode material, or a double-layer segment, three-layer segment or four-layer segment of the above-described configuration.

[0003] For example, the production of battery cells for e-mobility is today carried out on production facilities with a capacity of 100 to 240 monocells per minute. The production facilities work in a clocked, discontinuous movement, for example a reciprocating movement, in some areas or consistently, which limits the production capacity. Most known machines work with the single-sheet lamination method (e.g. "pick and place"), which has the disadvantage of relatively slow processing. Lamination of cell assemblies is not possible here.

[0004] Another known approach is a machine having a continuously advancing material web and clocked tools, such as cutting knives, tools for pitch change.

[0005] In principle, machines with a clocked movement are performance-limited. Massive components, such as receivers and tools, have to be constantly accelerated and then braked. The process then determines the passage of time and, in the process, a lot of energy is consumed. The mass of the moving components is not arbitrarily reduced. Often, components that are moved relatively quickly have to withstand relatively high loads and are therefore, far from it, more laborious or costly and heavier.

[0006] In order to reduce the production cost of battery manufacturing, it is necessary to improve the production capacity of the machine, among other things. One condition for high production capacity is, in that case, a high manufacturing rate of the laminate of energy cells formed from a plurality of stacked segments in the form described at the beginning.

[0007] In order to achieve an extremely high manufacturing rate, it is then desirable to continuously supply an endless web made of the segment material and then separate the segments from these continuously supplied endless webs by means of a cutting device during the ongoing process. This applies in particular to the anode sheet and the cathode sheet which are cut and subsequently placed at intervals on the endless web of separator material.

[0008] Such a device for manufacturing energy cells, equipped with a cutting device, is known, for example, from Patent Document 1. The cutting device is here realized in the form of a laser cutting device which comprises a laser directed towards the circumferential surface of a drum, and the laser cuts the segments from the endless web guided on the drum. The disadvantage in this cutting mechanism is that the cutting process requires extremely precise motion control of the laser. When the laser beam cannot be directed directly at the endless web to be cut, the laser beam is deflected by a scanner fixed relative to the endless web (remote laser cutting). The scanner has, among other things, a mirror and an assigned motor, and the mirror and the motor impose a limit on the speed of the cutting process based on their limited dynamic characteristics.

[0009] In Patent Document 2, furthermore, an apparatus for cutting segments from an endless web is known, which uses a cutting drum having one or more cutting knives and driven to perform a rotational movement, and an opposing drum having one or more opposing knives. The cutting drum and the opposing drum are driven in opposite rotational directions at the same rotational speed. As a result, in sections of the outer peripheral surfaces facing each other, they have the same direction and the same circumferential speed with respect to the movement of the supplied endless web. The blades of the cutting knives and the opposing knives are arranged parallel to the rotational axes of the cutting drum and the opposing drum and perpendicular to the rotational movement, causing a vertical line cut through the endless web passing between the cutting drum and the opposing drum for cutting the segments.

[0010] However, the drawback of this solution is that the rotational movements of the cutting drum and the opposing drum must be adjusted extremely precisely with respect to each other, and in particular, a rotational speed difference must be avoided at all costs. This is because a clean cut through the endless web cannot be achieved otherwise. Furthermore, the blades of the cutting knives and the opposing knives here cut through the endless web simultaneously over their entire lengths, and for this purpose, a correspondingly high cutting force is required. As a result, the achievable cut width is limited, and increased wear of the blades occurs, leading to a deterioration of the cut quality.

[0011] In Patent Document 3, there is also known a device comprising two cutting drums driven to perform rotational movements in opposite directions, each cutting drum having one cutting knife. The cutting drums are arranged such that the cutting circles of the blades defined by the cutting knife blades do not overlap with each other. At this time, the interval between the cutting circles is desirably 1 to 10 μm. The driving rotational movements of both cutting drums are adjusted to each other such that the cutting knives simultaneously cut through an endless web with their blades, but at a predetermined interval of 1 to 10 μm from each other. The blades of the cutting knives are also oriented parallel to the rotational axis of the cutting drums and thus also parallel to each other. As a result, each blade cuts through the endless web with a single line cut over the entire width.

[0012] The drawback of this solution is also that the rotational movements of the cutting drums must be adjusted to each other extremely precisely such that both blades cut through the endless web in a defined orientation relative to each other in order to achieve a clean cut. In addition to the above-mentioned drawbacks of high cutting force, limited cutting width, increased wear, and deteriorated cut quality, this device additionally requires extremely precise positioning of the cutting drums and the rotating blades on the cutting drums relative to the opposing drum so as not to fall below the required interval. This is because the blades could otherwise collide. Furthermore, the interval between the cutting circles of the blades of the cutting drums and the opposing drum must not be greater than the predetermined interval of 1 to 10 μm. This is because otherwise, since the blades form the receptacles required for cutting relative to each other, a clean cut cannot be achieved.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0013]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

[0014] Against this background, the problem underlying the present invention is to provide a cutting device that can cut segments for energy cells cleanly and with high process reliability from an endless web, while at the same time enabling a high conveying speed of the supplied endless web.

[0015] According to the basic idea of the present invention, it is proposed that during the rotational movement of the cutting knife blade in the cutting rotary device, particularly during the cutting of the endless web, the blade of the cutting knife slides along the blade of the opposing knife in point contact, and the first drive device is torque-controlled at least during the sliding of the blade of the cutting knife along the blade of the opposing knife.

[0016] The torque exerted on the cutting rotary device, particularly on the cutting drum, by the first drive device is the cause of the blade pressing force exerted by the cutting knife on the opposing knife. Thereby, by the torque control proposed by the first drive device, closed-loop control of the blade pressing force according to a predetermined transition or a predetermined value during the cutting process is made possible. The blade pressing force is directly obtained from the driving moment of the first drive device under consideration of the laws of mechanical engineering at that time, and thus can be calculated from the driving moment.

[0017] At that time, the drive moment of the first drive device is preferably open-loop or closed-loop controlled, or can be open-loop or closed-loop controllable, depending on the position of the cutting knife relative to the opposing knife, whereby, for example, the individual contour of the cutting knife or the blade of the opposing knife is taken into account, for example, to achieve an optimized cutting process or to compensate for wear-induced changes in the contour of one or more blades. Furthermore, the position of the cutting knife relative to the opposing knife is a unique criterion that can distinguish the cutting process from the intermediate position of the cutting knife and the opposing knife where the cutting knife and the opposing knife are not in contact with each other. The position of the cutting knife relative to the opposing knife depends at that time on the rotational angle position of the cutting rotary device relative to the rotational angle position of the opposing knife, and the rotational angle position of the opposing knife, on the other hand, depends on the rotational angular velocity of the cutting rotary device with respect to the opposing knife. The closed-loop or open-loop control of the drive moment of the first drive device is used in this case to change the rotational angular velocity of the cutting rotary device between cutting processes, whereby, on the other hand, the position and orientation of each cutting knife relative to the opposing knife in the subsequent cutting process are open-loop or closed-loop controlled. In addition, the rotational angle position of the cutting rotary device can be detected by a rotational angle sensor, whereby open-loop control can be extended to closed-loop control of the position of the cutting knife in order to comply with a predetermined position of the cutting knife relative to the opposing knife.

[0018] In this case, it is proposed that the position of the cutting knife is open-loop controlled or open-loop controllable by the first drive device according to the position of a predefined first contact point of the counter knife. The predefined first contact point is calibrated individually before the start of operation of the cutting device, and during operation of the cutting device, at each cutting step, at each respective counter knife, in order to achieve a clean cut, the cutting knife is closed-loop controlled with respect to its position so that at the start of the cutting step, with its blade, it precisely reaches contact with the blade of the counter knife at the predefined first contact point, and thus must be precisely matched. In addition, position control made possible via the first drive device of the cutting knife, or of the entire cutting rotary device, in particular of the entire cutting drum, is provided, and this position control causes the cutting knife to travel to a predefined orientation and / or rotational angle position during the phase of the rotational movement before each cutting step, with the result that the cutting knife reaches a punctiform contact with the blade of the counter knife at the predefined first contact point. The closed-loop or open-loop control of the drive moment of the cutting rotary device corresponds to the position control or control of the cutting rotary device and the cutting knife by means of a change in the rotational angle during this phase.

[0019] Furthermore, according to the further proposal, the driving moment of the first driving device is closed-loop or open-loop controlled, or can be closed-loop or open-loop controlled, such that the maximum value of the overpressure of the cutting knife against the opposing knife is not exceeded during cutting. The overpressure of the blade, on the one hand, is inevitable to a certain extent when applying the blade pressing force, and in fact is desirable to ensure the permanent contact of the blade in order to achieve a clean cut. However, if the overpressure is too high, it will become a decisive cause of blade damage, leading to the breakage of the cutting knife and the opposing knife. Thus, with the proposed closed-loop control, on the one hand, a clean cut can be achieved by the blade of the cutting knife always contacting the respective blades of the opposing knife with a predetermined overpressure during the cutting process, and on the other hand, at the same time, the movement of the blade of the cutting knife is closed-loop controlled such that the overpressure is limited to the maximum value, whereby the probability of blade damage can be reduced. At that time, the overpressure may be obtained, on the one hand, via a sensor provided on the cutting knife that generates a signal representing the deformation of the cutting knife. Alternatively, the overpressure may be obtained indirectly from the driving moment acting on the first driving device, taking into account the spring stiffness of the cutting knife, the opposing knife, and other members in the force transmission path.

[0020] Furthermore, according to the further proposal, the driving moment of the first driving device is closed-loop controlled according to a predetermined blade pressing force to be exerted on the opposing blade by the cutting knife. At this time, the predetermined blade pressing force is preferably constant and / or can be adapted to the endless web to be cut. At this time, the predetermined blade pressing force is preferably preset and can be selected at various heights according to the material properties of the segment to be cut. At this time, the blade pressing force can be obtained from the driving moment of the first driving device and can be directly obtained by a corresponding pressure sensor, or indirectly from the driving moment of the first driving device by calculating the blade pressing force from the driving moment. At this time, the blade pressing force can be closed-loop or open-loop controlled by increasing or decreasing the driving moment. At this time, additionally, the rotational angular position of the cutting knife relative to the opposing knife may change.

[0021] At this time, the blade pressing force can preferably be 5 to 100 N. For example, when cutting a separator sheet from a thin endless web of a tough separator material having a thickness of 10 to 20 μm, a blade pressing force of 10 to 20 N is sufficient. When cutting a segment in the form of a thicker anode sheet or cathode sheet from the endless web, a blade pressing force of 20 to 40 N is sufficient. When cutting a pre-product consisting of a four-layer monocell having a correspondingly high thickness and rigidity or two separator sheets having electrodes arranged in the middle, a blade pressing force of 30 to 100 N can be set.

[0022] Furthermore, according to the further proposal, at least two opposing knives are provided, and the driving moment of the first drive device is individually adjusted for each opposing knife according to the position of the cutting knife relative to the opposing knife that subsequently comes into point contact and then into abutment with the cutting knife, and / or according to the predefined first contact point of the opposing knife that subsequently comes into abutment with the cutting knife, and is either closed-loop or open-loop controlled, or is closed-loop or open-loop controllable. The opposing knives are individually clamped in the opposing drums and / or are manufactured by individual machining processes, so that the opposing knives and the blades of the opposing knives have individually different orientations, arrangements and / or shaping due to inevitable manufacturing technology inaccuracies. This different orientation, arrangement and / or shaping can, however, be compensated for by the closed-loop control of the first drive device for each individual opposing knife so that its influence on the quality of the cutting process is reduced during the cutting process. Furthermore, the driving moment of the first drive device and the position of the cutting knife are open-loop or closed-loop controlled for each individual opposing knife so that the cutting knife always comes into abutment exactly at the predefined first contact point of each respective opposing knife at the start of the cutting process.

[0023] Furthermore, according to the further proposal, a storage device having a data set is provided, the data set representing the progression of the driving moment individualized with respect to the cutting movement of one or more cutting knives relative to one or more opposing knives, and / or the position of the first contact point of the opposing knife, and the driving moment of the first drive device being closed-loop controlled according to the data set or being closed-loop controllable. The data set can be created individually for all the opposing knives of the opposing drums, for example in the calibration method of the opposing knives, and in the calibration process, the first contact point, which may depend, for example, on the geometry and orientation of the blade of the opposing knife, and the progression of the driving moment optimized for each blade of the first drive device are also determined and stored. This data set having the driving moment and the first contact point individualized for the opposing knives is then used for the open-loop and / or closed-loop control of the first drive device during the operation of the cutting device.

[0024] Furthermore, according to the further proposal, a warning device is provided, and the warning device, in response to an excess of a predetermined tolerance of the orientation of one or more cutting knives with respect to one or more opposing knives, and / or when there is an incorrect orientation of one opposing knife, and / or when there is an excess of a predetermined tolerance of the shape of one or more cutting knives or one or more opposing knives, transmits or displays a warning signal. Such an incorrect orientation of the cutting knife and / or the opposing knife may, for example, lead to a collision of the cutting knife with the opposing knife and thus to the breakage of one of the two knives. Furthermore, wear due to blade wear and the resulting shape change may lead to a deteriorated cut of the segment, and this deteriorated cut no longer meets the previously given quality requirements. Both states are perceived by the operator via a warning signal, and as a result, the operator can check the cutting device. In addition, the cutting device can be stopped for a short time, and the operator can then replace the cutting knife and the opposing knife individually or as a whole, or re-orient them.

[0025] Furthermore, according to the further proposal, a rocking device or a moving device is provided, and by means of the rocking device or the moving device, the cutting drum is pivotable or movable from the cutting position to a passive position spaced from one or more opposing knives. In the passive position, the cutting edge of the cutting knife no longer comes into contact with the cutting edge of the opposing knife, and the cutting process is thereby effectively interrupted. This passive position of the cutting drum can be utilized, for example, for checking the functionality of the cutting drum and / or the opposing drum, without the cutting process being carried out at that time and without the cutting edges coming into contact with each other. Furthermore, the rocking device or the moving device can be actuated by the operator or automatically even after the warning device has been actuated, and as a result, the cutting process of the cutting device is interrupted and maintenance measures and / or inspection measures can be carried out.

[0026] According to a further proposal, there is provided a counter-rotating body, in particular a counter drum, and one or more counter knives are formed by one or more cutting edges arranged on the counter-rotating body, in particular on the counter drum. The cutting edges may be, for example, formed integrally on the outer peripheral surface of the counter drum, or may be provided on separate insert parts, which are inserted into corresponding receiving parts of the counter drum.

[0027] According to a further proposal, there is provided a second drive device, which drives the counter-rotating body, in particular the counter drum, to perform a rotational movement about the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation of the counter-rotating body, in particular the counter drum, is oriented parallel to the axis of rotation of the cutting rotary device, in particular the cutting drum, and the rotational direction of the rotational movement of the counter-rotating body, in particular the counter drum, is oriented in the opposite direction to the rotational direction of the cutting rotary device, in particular the cutting drum. By means of the counter-rotating body provided and driven to perform a rotational movement, in particular by means of the counter drum having one or more counter knives arranged thereon, the cutting device can be incorporated into a drum path having a very high cut cycle number and production capacity for the segments. Furthermore, the supplied endless web is conveyed through the drum path, directly cut, and after cutting, further conveyed through the drum path and can be processed.

[0028] According to a further proposal, the first and / or second drive device of the cutting rotary device, in particular the cutting drum, and / or of the counter-rotating body, in particular the counter drum, is formed by a servo motor. The servo motor has the advantage of very accurate and rapid closed-loop controllability, and the closed-loop control of the drive device can be very easily interconnected within the corresponding control program. In this case, the servo motor is controlled by controlling the operating current, whereby the drive torque exerted on the cutting rotary device and / or the counter-rotating body is changed to achieve the described open-loop and closed-loop control.

[0029] Furthermore, according to the further proposal, the moment of inertia of the cutting rotary device, particularly of the cutting drum, is smaller than the moment of inertia of the opposing rotating body, particularly of the opposing drum, preferably smaller by at least one hundredth. The opposing rotating body, particularly the opposing drum, is used for the conveyance of the endless web until the segments are cut and for the discharge of the segments after cutting them from the endless web. In order to achieve a high production capacity, the opposing rotating body, particularly the opposing drum, is dimensioned with a relatively large outer diameter and is driven at a constant rotational speed. The cutting rotary device, particularly the cutting drum, on the other hand, is a support for one or more cutting knives and is used only for the cutting of the segments. The cutting rotary device has a diameter much smaller than that of the opposing drum and is driven at a considerably higher rotational speed than the opposing rotating body. The one or more cutting knives arranged on the cutting rotary device can be moved as quickly and precisely as possible to the predetermined above-mentioned position of the first contact point, in the direction towards one or more opposing knives, at a predetermined overpressure, and while exerting a predetermined blade pressing force on the opposing knife, and accordingly have a relatively low moment of inertia. Furthermore, thereby, the required drive torque of the cutting drum, and thus the blade pressing force exerted, can be controlled much more precisely in closed-loop and open-loop control.

[0030] Furthermore, a method for controlling a cutting device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, in a calibration method, generating a data set of the transition of the first driving moment and / or of one or more first contact points of one or more opposing knives with respect to the rotational angle of the opposing rotating body, in particular the opposing drum, and controlling the first drive device in a closed-loop manner according to the data set determined in the calibration method, is proposed. In the proposed method, the cutting device is calibrated before the start of operation in the calibration method. This calibration determines the required transition of the drive moment of the first drive device of the cutting rotating device, in particular the cutting drum, for a predetermined pressing force between the blades, i.e., for a predetermined blade pressing force, and generates a data set from these data. Alternatively or additionally, one first contact point optimized for optimal cutting, or in the case of a plurality of opposing knives, a plurality of first contact points, are determined individually for each opposing knife, and a data set is generated from these data. During the operation of the cutting device, the first drive device is then controlled in a closed-loop and / or open-loop manner according to these data sets, thereby enabling a cutting process optimized individually for each opposing knife of the segment.

[0031] In this case, the data set may be provided with various sub - data sets, including various torque and / or torque transitions and / or different orientations and arrangements of one or more cutting knives for the pressing force to be exerted on one or more opposing knives by one or more pre - given cutting knives, and / or various sub - data sets that define the pre - given contact points of various opposing knives. With the provided sub - data sets, the operator can select various cutting forces to be achieved, for example, 20 N or 50 N. Then, the first drive device is closed - loop controlled to achieve the cutting force based on / according to the torque provided for this purpose within the sub - data set. Furthermore, the orientation and position of one or more cutting knives can be controlled by the corresponding closed - loop control of the first drive device such that one or more cutting knives always come into contact with their respective opposing knives at a predetermined contact point at the start of the cutting process. At that time, the orientation and position of the cutting knives relative to the opposing knives are changed by controlling the axis of the cutting knives or the movement of the cutting knives, and this position control or control is achieved by closed - loop or open - loop control of the rotational speed and relative rotational angle of the cutting rotary device relative to the rotational movement of the opposing rotary body.

[0032] The proposed method is further developed by controlling the cutting device, which is formed according to claim 11, and the oscillating device and / or the moving device according to the signals of optical sensors or pressing - force sensors assigned to one or more cutting knives and / or one or more opposing knives, and / or in response to the excess of a predetermined reaction force between the cutting knife and the opposing knife, or by triggering a control signal by the operator semi - automatically.

[0033] The present invention will be described below based on preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

[0035] In FIGS. 1 and 2, a cutting device according to the present invention can be seen, which includes a cutting rotary device in the form of a cutting drum 1 driven counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow, and an opposing rotating body in the form of an opposing drum 2 driven clockwise in the direction of the arrow. Between the outer peripheral surface 12 of the cutting drum 1 and the outer peripheral surface 14 of the opposing drum 2, there is an intermediate chamber 6, and an endless web 5 of the material to be cut is arranged to be supplied into the intermediate chamber 6. The endless web 5 can be formed by a web having a cathode material, an anode material, or a separator material for an energy cell as described in the introduction part of the specification. Further, the endless web 5 may be formed by a multi-layer composite web composed of one separator material and a plurality of segments made of an anode material or a cathode material placed on this separator material. In this case, the segments of the anode material or the cathode material can be cut from the endless web by the same cutting device in a previous step.

[0036] The endless web 5 abuts against a contact surface 19 formed by the outer peripheral surface 14 of the opposing drum 2 and is supplied into the intermediate chamber 6 by the rotational movement of the opposing drum 2. At this time, the endless web 5 may be held on the opposing drum 2 only by the web tension, or additionally or alternatively, may also be held on the opposing drum 2 by a negative pressure device.

[0037] A cutting knife 3 protruding radially from the interface or the outer peripheral surface 12 is arranged on the cutting drum 1. The cutting knife 3 has a blade 9, and a recess 13 is provided in the outer peripheral surface 12 of the cutting drum 1 upstream of the cutting knife 3 with respect to the rotational direction to form a free space on one side for the cutting knife 3. Based on the radially protruding arrangement of the cutting knife 3, the cutting knife 3 has an exposed blade 9 on the side arranged upstream of the cutting knife 3, and the distance between the blade 9 and the base body of the cutting drum 1 is further enlarged by the recess 13.

[0038] The opposing drum 2 is provided with opposing knives 4, and the opposing knives 4 are arranged such that the outer surface in the radial direction of the opposing knives 4 is arranged on the same or substantially the same radius as the outer peripheral surface 14 or the contact surface 19. As a result, the opposing knives 4, together with the outer peripheral surface 14 and the contact surface 19, form a continuous stepless outer surface, against which the endless web 5 abuts on the outside in the radial direction. Further, with respect to the rotational direction of the opposing drum 2, a recess 10 is provided in the contact surface 19 downstream of the opposing knives 4, and as a result, the opposing knives 4 have an exposed blade 8 on the side arranged downstream of the opposing knives 4. The opposing knives 4 can be formed as separate members independent of the opposing drum 2, and as a result, the opposing knives 4 can be replaced after wear or damage. However, the opposing knives 4 may also be formed integrally with the opposing drum 2 by molding the opposing drum 2 so as to form the blade 8 on the outer peripheral surface 14 of the opposing drum 2. In that case, the blade 8 may be part of an insert portion of the opposing drum 2, and the insert portion already has the recess 10 and may fulfill additional functions. In other words, the opposing knives 4 may have additional shaping to fulfill additional functions in addition to forming the blade 8.

[0039] What should be understood as the cutting drum 1 and / or the opposing drum 2 is any object that is driven to perform a rotational movement, and on which the corresponding cutting knives 3 and opposing knives 4 are circumferentially fixed, whereby a corresponding blade pressing force can be applied during the shearing movement of the endless web 5.

[0040] In the present embodiment to be described, one cutting knife 3 and one opposing knife 4 are shown for the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2, respectively. However, this does not exclude the possibility that the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 are provided with a plurality of cutting knives 3 and opposing knives 4 that are distributively arranged on the circumferential surface. On the contrary, rather, providing a plurality of cutting knives 3 and opposing knives 4 that are evenly distributively arranged on the circumferential surfaces of the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 can be meaningful when this can achieve a more convenient cutting situation for cutting the segment 7 into a predetermined length, or when it is desirable to increase the number of cutting cycles while keeping the rotational speed the same. For example, if it is desirable to cut the segment 7 having a length of 100 mm, in this case, the opposing knife 4 is arranged so that the opposing knife 4 divides the outer circumferential surface 14 of the opposing drum 2 into circumferential sections each having an arc length of 100 mm. At this time, the number of the opposing knives 4 is adjusted according to the conveyance speed of the endless web 5 to be supplied and the rotational speed of the opposing drum 2.

[0041] The cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 are driven so as to perform rotational movements in opposite directions. As a result, the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 perform movements in the same direction when passing through the intermediate chamber 6 with the outer peripheral surfaces 12 and 14 of the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2. This movement corresponds to the conveying direction of the endless web 5 supplied onto the opposing drum 2. The cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 are driven so as to perform rotational movements having different peripheral speeds at that time. As a result, the cutting knife 3 and the opposing knife 4 perform relative movements to each other when passing through the intermediate chamber 6. This is preferably achieved by the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 being driven at the same or different rotational speeds and the cutting circles of the rotating blades 8 and 9 having different diameters. At that time, the cutting drum 1 has a larger cutting diameter with the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 than the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 of the opposing drum 2. As a result, the peripheral speed of the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 is larger than the peripheral speed of the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4. Based on the same or different rotational speeds and the different diameters of the cut circles, the blades 8 and 9 meet once each time they rotate when the movements are appropriately synchronized. At that time, the cutting movement of the endless web 5, which will be described in more detail later, is performed. Furthermore, the cutting drum 1 may, however, have a considerably smaller diameter than the opposing drum 2, and one or a plurality of cutting knives may have a considerably smaller cut circle diameter than the opposing knife 4. In this case, a number of opposing knives 4 are provided on the opposing drum 2, and the cutting drum 1 is driven at a considerably higher rotational speed than the opposing drum 2.

[0042] The cutting knife 3 is arranged on the cutting drum 1 such that the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 comes into point contact S and abuts against the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 when passing through the intermediate chamber 6. In addition, the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 on the cutting drum 1 forms a first angle α other than 0 degrees, preferably an angle α of 0 to 20 degrees, with respect to the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 in a cutting plane I extending in a tangential direction with respect to the movement of the blade 8 through the point contact S, as can also be seen in FIGS. 2 and 9. Since the blades 8 and 9 are at least slightly deflected based on the elastic properties of the cutting knife 3 and / or the opposing knife 4, the contact between the blades 8 and 9 is not a mathematical point contact S. Instead, this point contact S is slightly extended by the flexibility of the blades 8 and 9.

[0043] Furthermore, the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 is oriented to extend at a second angle β other than 0 degrees in a cutting plane II that is perpendicular to the movement of the blade 8 through the point contact S, that is, perpendicular to the cutting plane I, as can also be seen in FIGS. 2 and 8, with respect to the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4.

[0044] The blade 8 of the opposing knife 8 is oriented parallel to the axis of rotation of the opposing drum 4 and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the endless web 5 held on the opposing drum 4, and thus also perpendicular to the circumferential movement of the outer peripheral surface 14 of the opposing drum 4 and the supply movement of the endless web 5.

[0045] Based on the inclined posture of the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 with respect to the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4, the cutting knife 3 reaches point contact with the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 with the blade 9, and at this time, the endless web 5 in contact with the opposing knife 4 is cut. Since the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 of the opposing drum 2 is moved at a peripheral speed smaller than that of the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 of the cutting drum 1, the point contact S of the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 with the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 slides in the longitudinal direction of the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4, and at this time, the endless web 8 is cut along a cut line corresponding to the geometric shape of the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4. The opposing knife 4 of the opposing drum 2 is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the endless web 5, and as a result, by this cut, the segment 7 is separated from the endless web 5 with a vertical cutting edge. This cut is, at this time, a continuous cut according to the shearing principle and is performed transversely with respect to the longitudinal extension of the endless web 5, whereby a very clean and accurate-shaped cutting edge of the segment 7 can be realized.

[0046] At that time, the inclined posture of the blade 9 with respect to the blade 8 in the cutting plane I causes a lateral slide of the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 at the point contact S with the blade 8 of the counter knife 4 in relation to the relative movement realized by the different circumferential speeds of the blades 8 and 9. The inclined posture of the blade 9 in the cutting plane II enables further sliding while compensating for the reduction and / or increase in the distance of the blade 8 with respect to the cutting drum 1 due to the circular movement of the blade 8 of the counter knife 4. At that time, the recess 10 provided downstream of the counter knife 4 enables the cutting knife 3 of the cutting drum 1 to sink past the virtual extension of the outer peripheral surface 14 of the counter drum 2 in the inner radial direction downstream with respect to the counter knife 4 during the cutting movement. Thereby, a vertical cut through the endless web 5 is produced. The arc of the cutting movement corresponds to the rotation angle of the counter drum 2 from the first cut contact of the endless web 5 to the rotation angle for the complete cut of the endless web 5. By the separated end of the segment 7 sinking into the recess 10, the cutting edge of the separated segment 7 and the end of the endless web 5 still in contact with the counter knife 2 are spatially isolated from each other, thereby enabling the cut surface to be made cleaner and more precisely by suction. Furthermore, the chips adhering to the counter knife 4 are not wiped off on the material edge of the segment 7, and the knife cleaning of the cutting knife 3 and the counter knife 4 can be carried out at a maximum distance, preferably at a position where the counter drum 2 and the cutting drum 3 are rotated by 180 degrees, without soiling the endless web 5.

[0047] Since both blades 8 and 9 are in contact with each other at the point contact S during the cutting movement, a part of the endless web 5 remains connected across the cut line until a complete cut is reached. Furthermore, after the cut, the endless web 5 abuts against the outer part of the counter knife 4 that is continuously moving towards the outer peripheral surface 14 of the counter drum 2 with the free end of the endless web 5. This free end of the endless web 5 forms, in this case, the second end of the segment 7 to be subsequently cut.

[0048] This cut of segment 7 is here realized by a blade 8 of the counter knife 4, which is directed perpendicular to the endless web 5 and parallel to the axis of rotation of the counter drum 2, which enables, firstly, a vertical cut through the endless web 5 to be realized and, secondly, is advantageous in that the endless web 5 itself, which is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 14, does not twist about the longitudinal axis of the endless web 5 during the cutting process. However, if the cut requires this or is further improved thereby, it is also possible to arrange the blade 8 of the counter knife 4 at an angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the counter drum 2 with respect to a plane in contact with the outer peripheral surface 14 or a plane cutting the outer peripheral surface 14 perpendicularly.

[0049] In FIG. 9, the geometry of the blades 8 and 9 in the cross section along the cutting plane I, viewed in the line of sight direction from above, can be discerned. The blades 8 and 9 are oriented with respect to each other at a first angle α of approximately 2 to 5 degrees, which causes them to come into contact with each other at a point contact S during subsequent rotational movement. In FIG. 8, a second angle β can be discerned, which is here also approximately 2 to 5 degrees. The blades 8 and 9 thus first come into contact with each other at the point contact S discernible in FIG. 2 on one side. During further rotational movement of the cutting drum 1 and the counter drum 4, the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 slides along the blade 8 of the counter knife 4, thereby performing the cutting movement of the endless web 5, at which time the second angle β compensates for the changing spacing of the blades 8 and 9.

[0050] The rotational movements of the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 are adjusted to each other such that the double-edged blades 8 and 9 come into contact with each other at the point contact S during rotation according to the above-described transition and cut the endless web 5. The cutting process necessarily requires contact. This is because the shearing movement could otherwise be interrupted or not carried out neatly, thereby deteriorating the cut quality of the segment 7. To ensure that this contact is not lost, the movements of the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 are visible in FIG. 3 in relation to the orientation and arrangement of the blades 8 and 9, such that the cutting knife 3 is designed to come into contact with the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 with an overpressure (in the figure, “...” above “U”: U out. Hereinafter denoted as Ue). The cutting knife 3 thereby exerts a blade pressing force on the opposing knife 4, and vice versa. The overpressure Ue, although self-evident, is such that, as shown in FIG. 3, the opposing knife 4 does not penetrate the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 with the blade 8 of the opposing knife 4. This illustration merely simplifies the principle of the overpressure Ue. Instead, the cutting knife 3 and / or the opposing knife 4 utilize their elastic properties and are easily deflected, whereby, at other points, the point contact S is also slightly extended. In FIG. 4, the transition of the overpressure Ue over the rotational angle ε of the opposing drum 4 with respect to the cut width s of the 100-mm endless web is visible. Furthermore, the overpressure Ue is visible relative to the cut width of the endless web 5. The rotational angle ε = 0 degrees in the graph corresponds to the start of the cutting movement. The overpressure Ue rises to a maximum value with a convex transition at the start of the cutting movement and then drops sharply again.

[0051] Overpressure Ue causes the elastic movement of the cutting knife 3 and the opposing knife 4. In extreme cases, when the plastic deformation limit is locally exceeded, it may lead to knife breakage or damage to one of the cutting edges 8 or 9. To counteract this effect, the cutting edges 8 and 9, or only one of the cutting edges 8 or 9, can be slightly concave, i.e., curved inwards. The concave shape ideally corresponds to the negative shape of the measured convex overpressure Ue. Due to this concave shape of the cutting edges 8 or 9, the maximum value of the overpressure Ue is reduced. In an ideal case, the contact between the cutting edges 8 and 9 can be evened out without being lost during the cutting process. As a result, the forces acting on the cutting edges 8 and 9 are reduced, and thus the probability of damage to the cutting knife 3 and the opposing knife 4 can be reduced. Furthermore, breakage of the cutting knife 3 and the opposing knife 4 or their cutting edges 8 and 9 can also be avoided by using an elastic material for the cutting knife 3 and the opposing knife 4. As a result, the cutting knife 3 and the opposing knife 4 can at least slightly flex.

[0052] FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, one recess 10 is arranged in the opposing knife 4 upstream of the rotational movement of the opposing drum 2. As a result, the exposed blade 8 of the opposing knife 4 is arranged on the upstream side of the opposing knife 4. The cutting knife 3 of the cutting drum 1 is arranged here such that the exposed blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 is arranged downstream with respect to the rotational direction of the cutting drum 1. The cutting process is carried out here such that the cutting drum 1 is driven at a peripheral speed higher than that of the opposing knife 4 of the opposing drum 2 with the cutting knife 3 and the blade 9 arranged on the cutting knife 3. As a result, the cutting knife 3 slides along the blade 8 of each opposing knife 4 with the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 and cuts the endless web 5 according to the above principle. Further, the cutting knife 3 of the cutting drum 1 is elastically supported by a spring 15. As a result, the cutting force acting between the blades 8 and 9 is reduced because the cutting knife 3 can perform a retracting movement. Thereby, a harder cutting knife 3 can be used without increasing the probability of damage in the form of knife breakage. Due to the elastic support of the cutting knife 3, the above-mentioned overpressure Ue of the blades 8 and 9 can be reduced without the blades 8 and 9 losing their contact. Rather, the spring force of the provided spring 15 and its arrangement provide another design parameter to affect the cutting process. When the cutting drum 3 and the opposing drum 4 are driven independently of each other by different drive devices, it is also possible to control the driving movements of the cutting drum 3 and the opposing drum 4 according to the acting cutting force. Thereby, an excess of a predetermined blade pressing force and possible knife breakage resulting therefrom can be prevented. The different peripheral speeds of the blades 8 and 9 are realized here by the same rotational speed of the blades 8 and 9 and different cutting circle diameters. When the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 are driven by different drive devices, i.e., by individual drive units, it would also be possible to control or cause the relative speed of the blades 8 and 9 during the cutting process by controlling the rotational speeds of the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 differently and individually.In particular, this enables the overpressure Ue of the blades 8 and 9 to be controlled such that the load on the blades 8 and 9 is reduced and possible knife breakage is avoided.

[0053] In FIG. 6, a cutting drum 1 having a first drive device 100 and an opposing drum 2 having a second drive device 200 can be discerned. The first drive device 100 and the second drive device 200 are each connected to a control device and a storage device 400 by control lines. The first and second drive devices 100 and 200 are each formed as easily controllable servo motors and drive the cutting drum 1 and the opposing drum 2 about rotation axes oriented parallel to each other so as to perform the rotational movements shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The cutting drum 1 has a considerably smaller diameter than the opposing drum 2 and is a support for three cutting knives 3 protruding radially outward. The opposing drum 2, on the other hand, has a considerably larger diameter and is a support for a number of opposing knives 4, the opposing knives 4 having intervals corresponding to the length of the segment to be cut when the arc length is developed. Furthermore, this cutting drum 1 has a moment of inertia about the rotation axis of the cutting drum 1 that is one hundredth of that of the opposing drum 2.

[0054] The cutting drum 1 is driven by the first drive device 100 at a considerably higher rotational speed than the opposing drum 2 is driven by the second drive device 200, about the rotation axis of the cutting drum 1. The rotational speed of the cutting drum 1 is then selected, taking into account the diameter of the cutting drum 1 and the number of cutting knives 3, such that as each cutting knife 3 slides along the opposing knives 4 of the opposing drum 2 during passage through a defined cutting position, the endless web 5 is cut at that time.

[0055] The first drive device 100 of the cutting drum 1 is torque-controlled, that is, the driving moment exerted on the cutting drum 1 by the first drive device 100 can be closed-loop controlled. Thereby, during the cutting process, the cutting knife 3 exerts a blade pressing force on the opposing knife 4 and on the endless web 5 disposed between the cutting knife 3 and the opposing knife 4, which can be closed-loop controlled to a predetermined value. Further, the cutting drum 1 can thereby be intentionally accelerated or decelerated during the cutting process and between cutting processes such that the cutting knife 3 comes into contact with the respective opposing knife 4 at a predetermined contact point at the start of the cutting process during the rotational movement. In addition, the driving moment of the first drive device 100 can preferably be open-loop or closed-loop controlled according to the position or orientation of the cutting knife 3 with respect to the opposing knife 4 that subsequently comes into contact. The driving moment of the first drive device 100 that drives the cutting drum 1 is thereby, based on the fixedly arranged position of the opposing knife 4 in the opposing drum 2, in fact open-loop controlled according to the rotational angle of the opposing drum 2 or closed-loop controlled taking into account the signal of the rotational angle sensor assigned to the cutting drum 1. In this case, the open-loop or closed-loop control of the rotational movement of the cutting drum 1 is carried out such that the cutting knife 4 arranged on the cutting drum 1 is arranged at a predetermined rotational angle position and position with respect to the opposing knife 4 during at least the first contact point and the subsequent cutting movement. The open-loop or closed-loop control of the first drive device 100 can thereby also be regarded as position control of the cutting knife 3 according to a predetermined position transition. At this time, the driving moment of the first drive device 100 is closed-loop controlled such that the blade pressing force corresponds to a predetermined value during the contact between the blades 8 and 9. For this purpose, the blade 9 of the cutting drum 3 exerts a predetermined pressing force on the blade 8 of the opposing knife.

[0056] Furthermore, the driving torque of the first driving device 100 can be closed-loop controlled such that the overpressure Ue does not exceed the maximum value, thereby enabling a clean cut of the endless web 5 with a reduced damage probability of the cutting knife 3 and the counter knife 4. At this time, the driving moment of the first driving device 100 can be further closed-loop controlled such that the overpressure Ue does not fall below the minimum value either, so that the cutting knife 3 does not lose contact with the counter knife 4 during the cutting process of the endless web 5. At this time, the overpressure Ue does not need to be measured, and the overpressure Ue may be obtained from the driving moment of the first driving device 100 in consideration of the spring stiffness of the cutting knife 3, the counter knife 4, and the members involved in the force transmission path.

[0057] The rotational speed of the counter drum 2 is preferably such that the control of the blade pressing force, the overpressure Ue, and the position of the cutting knife 3 relative to the counter knife 4 is constant at the first contact point and during sliding, preferably only by closed-loop control and / or open-loop control of the driving moment of the first driving device 100. This is advantageous in that the cutting drum 1 has a significantly smaller moment of inertia about its axis of rotation, preferably less than one hundredth of that of the counter drum 2 having a significantly larger outer diameter and moment of inertia, and thus the rotational movement of the cutting drum 1 and the orientation of the cutting knife 3 can be closed-loop controlled more easily, more quickly, and more accurately. However, if necessary, the second driving device 200, i.e., the rotational speed and / or the driving moment of the counter drum 2, may also be closed-loop controllable, resulting in the provision of additional manipulated variables for a more refined closed-loop control.

[0058] For the calibration of the cutting device, the cutting drum 1 is rotated to such an extent that the cutting drum 1 abuts with the cutting knife 3 of the cutting drum 1 against the first contact point of the counter knife 4 on the lower side. At this time, for this first contact point, precisely the arrangement and / or orientation of the cutting knife 3 with respect to the counter knife 4 and / or the orientation, arrangement and / or rotation angle of the cutting drum 1 with respect to the counter drum 2 are protocoled in a data set in relation to the driving moment to be applied and filed in the storage device 400. This process is repeated at least for the last contact point where the cutting knife 3 of the cutting drum loses contact with this counter knife 4 of the same counter knife 4. Thereby, the rotation angle of the cutting drum 3 and the driving moment to be applied by the first drive device 100 at that time for the respective blade pressing force for each of the counter knives 4 are protocoled at at least two rotation angle positions during one cutting process, namely, at the time of the first contact and at the time of the last contact. However, it is also possible to perform closed-loop control of the cutting process with increased accuracy by protocoling the rotation angle of the cutting drum 1 and the driving moment for the blade pressing force for another contact point located therebetween.

[0059] This process is repeated by continuously rotating the cutting drum 1 and the counter drum 2 until the same cutting knife 3 or a subsequent cutting knife 3 first comes into contact with the subsequent counter knife 4, as in subsequent operation.

[0060] In this way, the first contact point and the drive moment to be achieved in this case of the first drive device 100 for each blade pressing force are measured individually for each of the opposing knives 4. From this, for a given blade pressing force in advance, at which rotational angle the cutting drum 1's cutting knives 3 reach contact at the given first contact points of the respective opposing knives 4 at the start of the cutting process, and in which direction the cutting drum 1 must be oriented relative to the opposing drum 2 for each cut process for each opposing knife individually, a data set is created. Furthermore, the data set may include data on how the drive moment of the first drive device 100, and thus the rotational angle of the cutting drum 1 and the position of the cutting knives 3, must be closed-loop and open-loop controlled during the cutting process so that the cutting knives 3 contact the respective opposing knives 4 with the desired blade pressing force. At this time, the data particularly includes the rotational angle positions of the cutting drum 3 and the opposing drum 4, and the change in the relative rotational angle for each of the opposing knives 4. The change in the relative rotational angle can be achieved when the cutting knives 3 of the cutting drum 1 are intentionally slightly decelerated or accelerated by the closed-loop control of the drive moment of the first drive device 100 during its rotational movement and / or contact the opposing knives 4 of the opposing drum 2 with a higher or lower blade pressing force.

[0061] Since the number of cutting knives 3 is considerably less than the number of opposing knives 4, the cutting knives 3 perform a plurality of cutting processes at different opposing knives 4 when the opposing drum 2 makes one revolution. At this time, the cutting knives 3 are individually closed-loop controlled for each opposing knife 4 during each cutting process by the torque control of the first drive device 100 with respect to the arrangement and / or orientation of the cutting knives 3.

[0062] At this time, the drive moment of the first drive device 100 can be closed-loop controlled so that the blade pressing force and overpressure calculated backwards considering the mechanical laws do not exceed the maximum value and the overpressure does not fall below the minimum value.

[0063] For the operation of the cutting device, first, the oscillating device 500 is activated, and the cutting drum 3 is moved with the cutting knife 3 of the cutting drum 3 so that the blade 9 of the cutting knife 3 is arranged on one defined cutting circle at the cutting position and is brought closer to the opposing knife 4. Subsequently, the operator sets a predefined target value for the blade pressing force in the corresponding input device. Accordingly, the corresponding sub-dataset is called from the storage device 400, and after the initial setting, the cutting device is controlled in a closed loop and an open loop according to this sub-dataset.

[0064] After the oscillation of the cutting drum 1 to the cutting position, the first drive device 100, and thus the rotational movement of the cutting drum 1, is controlled according to the called dataset so that the first cutting knife 3 exactly reaches contact at the defined first contact point of the next opposing knife 4, the opposing knife 4 of the opposing drum 2 is identified based on the rotational angle position of the opposing drum 2, and then the corresponding first contact point of this opposing knife 4 is controlled to be called in advance. After the cutting knife 3 first contacts the opposing knife 4, the driving moment of the first drive device 100 is controlled in a closed loop so that the predefined blade pressing force is complied with under the consideration of a predefined tolerance. Since the driving moment of the first drive device 100 and the blade pressing force are directly related, apart from negligible bearing friction, the blade pressing force can be controlled in a closed loop directly by changing the driving moment of the first drive device 100 without the need for an additional pressing force sensor for this purpose.

[0065] At this time, the position and / or the position transition of the cutting knife 3 with respect to the individual opposing knives 4 are the target quantities to be realized in the closed-loop control circuit, and the driving moment of the first drive device 100 is the manipulated variable in the closed-loop control circuit. The driving moment of the first drive device 100 can be realized, for example, by controlling the strength of the current when the first drive device 100 is realized in the form of a servo motor.

[0066] Furthermore, the arrangement and / or orientation of the cutting knife 3 and / or the cutting drum 1 may additionally be closed-loop controlled in response to signals from the pressing force sensors and / or optical sensors or rotational angle sensors assigned to the counter knife 4 and / or the cutting knife 3. As a result, it is additionally possible to take into account the wear and geometric shape changes of the cutting knife 3 and / or the counter knife 4. Furthermore, this makes it possible to identify extreme cases that require the shutdown of the cutting device. In addition, audible, visual or tactile signals perceptible to the operator may be generated, so that the operator can stop the operation of the cutting device before a serious damage incident occurs. Such a shutdown or stoppage of the cutting device can also be carried out when an error is detected in the device at a higher level of the facility or when there is a power failure throughout.

[0067] In this case, for this purpose, a rocking device 500 in the form of, for example, two pneumatic cylinders with corresponding rocking mechanisms is actuated, and the cutting drum 1 is suddenly rocked to a passive position so as to be separated from the counter drum 4 regardless of the rotational angle position of the cutting drum 1. As a result, the cutting knife 3 can be very easily stopped in a very short time span by no longer coming into contact with the counter knife 4 or by the contact being eliminated. Thereby, the collision between the cutting knife 3 and the counter knife 4 can be actively prevented. The same actuation of the rocking device 500 can also be carried out for the maintenance of the cutting device and the higher-level facility. Furthermore, the cutting drum 1 can also be rocked to be separated from the counter drum 2 when the cutting process of the endless web 5 should be interrupted for another reason. At this time, the stoppage of the cutting device can preferably be automatically implemented by rocking the cutting drum 1 to the passive position.

Claims

1. A cutting device for cutting segments (7) for energy cells from an endless web (5) supplied into a cutting plane (I) into an intermediate chamber (6), A cutting rotary device, which is driven by a first drive device (100) to perform rotational motion about a rotation axis, is positioned on one side of the intermediate chamber (6), and has at least one cutting knife (3) projecting radially outward from the interface of the cutting rotary device, in particular a cutting drum (1), which has at least one cutting knife (3) projecting radially outward from the outer circumferential surface of the cutting drum (1), At least one opposing knife (4) is positioned on the other side of the intermediate chamber (6), Equipped with, The cutting knife (3) and the opposing knife (4) each have one blade (8, 9). In a cutting device, The blade (9) of the cutting knife (3) slides along the blade (8) of the opposing knife (4) in point contact (S) during the rotational motion of the cutting rotating device, particularly the cutting drum (1), and during the cutting of the endless web (5). The first drive unit (100) is torque-controlled at least during the sliding of the blade (9) of the cutting knife (3) along the blade (8) of the opposing knife (4). A cutting device characterized by cutting segments for energy cells from a supplied endless web.

2. The cutting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving moment of the first drive device (100) is controlled in a closed loop or open loop according to the position of the cutting knife (3) relative to the opposing knife (4), or is controllable in a closed loop or open loop.

3. The cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the position of the cutting knife (3) is controlled by the first drive device (100) to be open-loop or closed-loop controlled, or can be closed-loop or open-loop controlled, according to the position of the predetermined initial contact point of the opposing knife (4).

4. The cutting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the driving moment of the first drive device (100) is controlled in a closed loop, or is controllable in a closed loop, so that the maximum value of the overpressure (Ue) of the cutting knife (3) relative to the opposing knife (4) is not exceeded during cutting.

5. The cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the driving moment of the first drive device (100) is controlled in a closed loop according to a predetermined blade pressing force to be exerted by the cutting knife (3) against the opposing knife (4).

6. The cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the blade pressing force is 5 to 100 N.

7. It is equipped with at least two opposing knives (4), and The driving moment of the first drive device (100) is controlled in a closed-loop or open-loop manner for each opposing knife, depending on the position of the cutting knife (3) relative to the opposing knife (4) that subsequently makes point contact (S) with the cutting knife (3), or / or is controlled in a closed-loop or open-loop manner depending on the position of the predetermined initial contact point of the opposing knife (4) that subsequently makes contact with the cutting knife (3), or is controlled in a closed-loop or open-loop manner. A cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

8. A storage device (400) having a dataset is provided, The dataset represents the progression of the drive moment, which is individualized with respect to the cutting motion of one or more cutting knives (3) relative to one or more opposing knives (4), and / or the predetermined initial contact point of the opposing knives (4), and The drive moment of the first drive device (100) is controlled in a closed loop or open loop according to the torque transition of the data set, or is controllable in an open loop or closed loop. The cutting apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that

9. Equipped with a warning device, The warning device transmits or displays a warning signal in response to an exceedance of a predetermined tolerance in the orientation and / or shape of one or more of the cutting knives (3) relative to one or more of the opposing knives (4), and / or when one of the opposing knives (4) is erroneously oriented, and / or when the predetermined tolerance is exceeded in the shape of one or more of the cutting knives (3) and / or one or more of the opposing knives (4). A cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

10. Equipped with a rocking device (500) or a moving device, The cutting drum (1) can be swung or moved by the rocking device (500) or the moving device from the cutting position to a passive position spaced apart from one or more of the opposing knives (4). A cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

11. It comprises opposing rotating bodies, particularly opposing drums (2), and One or more of the opposing knives (4) are formed by one or more blades (8) arranged on the opposing rotating body, particularly on the opposing drum (2). A cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

12. A second drive unit (200) is provided, The second drive unit (200) drives the opposing rotating body, in particular the opposing drum (2), to perform rotational motion around its axis of rotation. The axis of rotation of the opposing rotating body, particularly the opposing drum (2), is oriented parallel to the axis of rotation of the cutting rotating device, particularly the cutting drum (1), and The direction of rotation of the opposing rotating body, particularly the opposing drum (2), is oriented in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the cutting rotating device, particularly the cutting drum (1). The cutting device according to claim 11, characterized in that

13. The cutting apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the first and / or second drive devices (100, 200) of the cutting rotary device, particularly the cutting drum (1), and / or the opposing rotating body, particularly the opposing drum (2), are formed by servo motors.

14. The cutting apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the moment of inertia of the cutting drum (1) of the cutting rotary apparatus is smaller than the moment of inertia of the opposing rotating body, particularly the opposing drum (2), preferably at least 1 / 100th of that moment.

15. A method for controlling the cutting device according to claim 11, In the calibration method, a dataset is generated of the changes in the rotation angle of the opposing rotating body, particularly the opposing drum (2), of the driving moment of the first drive device (100) and / or the first contact points of one or more of the opposing knives (4), and The drive moment of the first drive device (100) is controlled in a closed loop according to the data set, or is capable of closed-loop control, or is controlled in an open loop, or is capable of open-loop control. A method for controlling a cutting device, characterized by the features described above.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the dataset includes various sub-datasets which define the driving moments for the blade pressing force to be exerted by various, one or more cutting knives (3) on one or more opposing knives (4), and / or various, pre-defined contact points of the opposing knives (4).

17. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that an exceedance of a predetermined tolerance and / or an erroneous orientation is detected by an optical sensor or pressing force sensor assigned to one or more of the cutting knives (3) and / or one or more of the opposing knives (4).

18. The cutting device comprises a rocking device (500) or a moving device, and the cutting drum (1) is rocked or moved by the rocking device (500) or the moving device from the cutting position to a passive position spaced apart from one or more of the opposing knives (4). The oscillating device (500) and / or the moving device are controlled in accordance with the signals from optical sensors or pressing force sensors assigned to one or more of the cutting knives (3) and / or one or more of the opposing knives (4), and / or in accordance with the excess of a predetermined blade pressing force between the cutting knife (3) and the opposing knife (4), and / or in accordance with the operating status of the higher-level equipment. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that

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