Formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional products and methods for their preparation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the formulation, synthesis, and manufacture of edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional products for enhancing human brain health and immune function. The invention includes multiple methods for "synthesizing" washed edible bird's nest, very low-fat milk, purified water, and optional ingredients through a pressure and heat hydrolysis process followed by a rapid cooling process to produce said nutritional products characterized by high concentrations of lactose, protein, N-acetylglucosamine, and oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid (including sialyllactose, sialyllactosamine, and their derivatives or intermediates).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the formulation and synthesis of nutritional products and methods for manufacturing nutritional products, and in particular to the formulation and synthesis of edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional products containing high concentrations of N-acetylglucosamine and oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid, including sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine, for enhancing human brain health and immune function. [Background technology]

[0002] According to the World Health Organization (WHO), human brain health is an emerging and growing concept that encompasses neuronal development, plasticity, function, and recovery throughout the lifespan. To date, issues related to infant brain development and neurodegeneration in the elderly represent two of the most challenging problems related to human brain health. Addressing these brain health challenges requires the ability to formulate, synthesize, and manufacture effective nutritional products using natural and safe ingredients. Furthermore, when formulating, synthesizing, and manufacturing the nutritional products, it is important to understand the nutrients and bioactive compounds that are essential for brain development, improving cognitive function, and strengthening immune function. Furthermore, it is also important to identify and select natural and safe raw materials that contain the essential nutrients and bioactive compounds, and to optimize the process of "synthesizing" the raw materials to manufacture the nutritional products.

[0003] Bing Wang reported that infant brain development is a complex process involving anatomical growth of the brain and many biochemical, physiological, and psychological processes. The early brain growth rate is faster than any other organ or body tissue, and by age two, the brain reaches approximately 80% of its adult weight. Infants are born with all neurons formed. However, the synaptic connections between these neurons are largely established and refined after birth. Key neurodevelopmental processes that occur throughout this critical period include the formation of synaptic networks, dendritic branching, and cell proliferation and migration. In general, synapses form very rapidly during the first few months of life, typically reaching maximum density between 6 and 12 months of age. Morgan B. and Winick M. reported that the high concentration of oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid in human milk (human breast milk) during the first week of lactation coincides with the period of rapid synthesis of brain sialoglycoproteins and gangliosides. Furthermore, Bing Wang reported that human milk from preterm infants contained approximately 13-23% more oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid than human milk from full-term infants during the first three months of lactation. Furthermore, human milk and biological data suggest that N-acetylglucosamine and oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid, including sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine, are important nutrients for newborns, especially preterm infants.

[0004] Both the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that infants be exclusively fed human milk until they are at least 6 months of age. Bing Wang reported that dietary supplementation with oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid improves learning and memory in piglets. Furthermore, Bing Wang also reported that sialic acid is synthesized into polysialic acid glycans (polySia), which bind to neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAMs) to form polySia-NCAMs. PolySia-NCAMs affect molecular interactions during synaptic plasticity and neural development. Furthermore, Paval D. reported evidence that polysia is effective in regulating molecules such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine. BDNF and dopamine are known to mutually enhance each other and influence the development of hyperactivity, stereotypy, and autism-like behaviors. Al-Farsi and Shafai reported that several studies have shown a significant protective effect of human breastfeeding on the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In 2021, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced that one in 44 8-year-old children was diagnosed with autism. 30–50% of individuals with autism also suffer from seizures or epilepsy. Research has shown that infants fed human milk have higher levels of sialic acid in gangliosides and glycoproteins in the brain than infants fed formula. This is due to the limited amount of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid in formula. Furthermore, according to C. Kunz, the development of the intestinal microbiota can be stimulated by oligosaccharides containing N-acetylglucosamine, which promote the growth of bifidobacteria and improve intestinal health.

[0005] Neurodegenerative issues in the elderly are also a major concern. According to Long and Holtzman, Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the elderly is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that accounts for more than 60% of the 46.8 million cases of dementia reported in the 2016 World Alzheimer's Report. Statistically, approximately one in ten people over the age of 65 exhibits symptoms of AD. Approximately one in three people over the age of 85 has AD. There are more than 10 million new cases of dementia worldwide each year. Sundaram reported that the death of nerve cells causes memory loss, personality changes, and impairs the ability to perform daily activities.

[0006] Sialic acid is most abundant in the brain, primarily expressed in gangliosides and polysialic acid-NCAM. It has been demonstrated that a decrease in sialic acid in the brain with aging negatively impacts neuronal degeneration, neuroplasticity, and microglial phagocytosis. Furthermore, decreased ganglioside levels are associated with increased neuronal cell loss in the aging brain. Furthermore, sialic acid has also been shown to play an important role in the development of AD. While gangliosides primarily affect the accumulation and deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ), a deficiency in polysialic acid-NCAM is associated with reduced brain repair capacity in AD. Again, existing research on AD has demonstrated that sialic acid is essential for promoting brain health and improving cognitive function. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Therefore, an important objective of the present invention is to formulate, synthesize, and manufacture a nutritional product that can mimic the oligosaccharides of human colostrum, containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. Oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid includes 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, 6'-sialyllactosamine, and their derivatives or intermediates. Furthermore, the nutritional product is intended to provide the monosaccharide and oligosaccharide "building blocks" necessary for lactating mothers to biosynthesize human milk, which contains high concentrations of oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, and other oligosaccharides.

[0008] Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles or the like contained in this specification should not be construed as an admission that any or all of such matters form part of the prior art or were general general knowledge in the art relevant to the invention as existing prior to the priority date of each claim in this application. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The primary objective of the present invention is to formulate, synthesize, and manufacture a nutritional product that mimics human colostrum, containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, and is effective in enhancing human brain health and immune function. Furthermore, the nutritional product is particularly beneficial for elderly individuals with neurodegenerative diseases and pregnant and lactating women. The nutritional product allows nursing mothers to synthesize human milk with high concentrations of oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, which are essential for infant brain development, including improved memory and cognitive function.

[0010] The present invention provides a formulated and synthesized nutritional product comprising washed edible bird's nest, very low fat milk, purified water, and optional ingredients, characterized in that the nutritional product contains high concentrations of N-acetylglucosamine and oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid, 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, 6'-sialyllactosamine, and derivatives or intermediates thereof.

[0011] The present invention includes multiple methods for "compounding" the washed edible bird's nest, the very low fat milk, the purified water and the optional ingredients under a hydrolysis process using pressure and heat followed by a rapid cooling process to produce the nutritional product containing high concentrations of N-acetylglucosamine and oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid (including 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, 6'-sialyllactosamine and their derivatives or intermediates).

[0012] During the ingredient "synthesis" process, controlling and optimizing the process parameters (duration, pressure, temperature) of the pressurized and heated hydrolysis process and the subsequent rapid cooling process, as well as the ingredient mixing weight ratio, are important for increasing the N-acetylglucosamine concentration in edible bird's nest and forming oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid and its derivatives or intermediates from the original protein-bound sialic acid.

[0013] According to the present invention, the washed edible bird's nest, the very low fat milk, the purified water, and the optional ingredients are "synthesized" at a temperature above 90°C, preferably in the range of 110°C to 130°C, for 10 minutes or more to optimize the release of the liberated oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid from the edible bird's nest. The hydrolysis process by pressure and heat and the subsequent rapid cooling process are expected to convert 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible bird's nest to the liberated oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, with a preferred conversion rate of 50% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure heating hydrolysis process followed by the rapid cooling process also promotes the "synthesis" of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine from the sialic acid in edible bird's nest and the lactose / N-acetyllactosamine in milk. Enzymes and / or weak acids are optionally added to further promote or optimize the synthesis of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a nutritional product with good sensory properties, such as appearance, texture, aroma, and taste. In the present invention, ultra-low-fat milk with a high lactose and / or sialyllactose concentration is used as one of the main ingredients. Ultra-low-fat milk is made from mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6% w / w, preferably in the range of 0% to 0.1% w / w. This minimizes the formation of lipid-bound sialic acid and minimizes chemical reactions that occur between the milk fat and the edible bird's nest biomolecules during the ingredient "synthesis" process, which affect the sensory, physical, chemical, and / or biological properties of the nutritional product.

[0016] Many nutritional products have poor absorption rates in the human body, preventing them from fully demonstrating their health benefits. Poor water solubility and stability are primarily responsible for their poor absorption rate in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Orally administered nutritional products must pass through the human GI tract and be absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, another objective of the present invention is to improve the absorption rate of nutritional products in the human GI tract by introducing a homogenization and encapsulation process to reduce the particle size of ingredients and increase the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of the nutritional products.

[0017] The above and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to define the scope of the invention. It is understood that various changes in detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and advantages of the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description. [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows the chemical structure of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac or NANA) found in human brain, human milk (human breast milk), and edible swallow's nest. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows the chemical structure of N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc) found in human milk and edible bird's nest. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows the chemical structure of glucose (Glc). [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows the chemical structure of galactose (Gal). [Figure 5] FIG. 5 shows the chemical structure of fucose (Fuc). [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows the chemical structure of lactose found in human and mammalian milk. [Figure 7]FIG. 7 shows the chemical structure of N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), the LacNAc found in human and mammalian milk. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 shows the chemical structure of lacto-N-biose (LNB), an LNB found in human and mammalian milk. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows the changes in the concentration of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) in the full-term milk of eight mothers during the first three months of lactation (Janette Brand Miller, 1994). [Figure 10] Figure 10 shows the changes in N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc) concentrations in the full-term milk of eight mothers during the first three months of lactation (Janette Brand Miller, 1994). [Figure 11] FIG. 11 shows the change in the concentration of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) in the full-term milk of mothers who consumed the proposed nutritional product from the second to third month of lactation. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 shows the change in N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc) concentrations in the full-term milk of mothers who consumed the proposed nutritional product from the second to third month of lactation. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 shows the chemical structure of 3'-sialyllactose found in human milk and the nutritional product of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 shows the chemical structure of 6'-sialyllactose found in human milk and the nutritional product of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 shows the chemical structure of 3'-sialyllactosamine found in human milk and the nutritional product of the present invention. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 shows the chemical structure of 6'-sialyllactosamine found in human milk and the nutritional product according to the present invention. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 shows a schematic flow chart of the combination of processes according to the present invention. [Figure 18]FIG. 18 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to Example 1 of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 2 of the present invention. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to Example 3 of the present invention. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 4 of the present invention. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 5 of the present invention. [Figure 23] FIG. 23 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 6 of the present invention. [Figure 24] FIG. 24 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 7 of the present invention. [Figure 25] FIG. 25 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 8 of the present invention. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 9 of the present invention. [Figure 27] FIG. 27 shows a process flow chart for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk based nutritional product according to Example 10 of the present invention. [Figure 28] FIG. 28 shows the synthesis of 3'-sialyllactose in accordance with the present invention. [Figure 29] FIG. 29 shows the synthesis of 6'-sialyllactose in accordance with the present invention. [Figure 30] FIG. 30 shows the synthesis of 3'-sialyllactosamine in accordance with the present invention. [Figure 31] FIG. 31 shows the synthesis of 6'-sialyllactosamine in accordance with the present invention. [Figure 32] FIG. 32 shows the concentration of sialic acid (mg / L) in the proposed nutritional product at different processing temperatures (° C.) according to the present invention. [Figure 33] FIG. 33 shows a comparison of the sialylated oligosaccharides, 3′-sialyllactose and 6′-sialyllactose, in human milk and cow's milk (Sandra JM ten Bruggencate). [Figure 34] FIG. 34 illustrates lipid bilayer encapsulation of a nutritional core material according to the present invention. [Figure 35] FIG. 35 shows lipid monolayer encapsulation of a nutritional core material according to the present invention. [Figure 36] FIG. 36 illustrates lipid encapsulation of a nutritional core material by a combination of bilayer and monolayer structures according to the present invention. [Figure 37] FIG. 37 shows the minimum and preferred concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, protein and carbohydrates in the proposed nutritional product according to the present invention. [Figure 38] FIG. 38 shows several examples of weight ratios of ingredients according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The primary objective of the present invention is to formulate, synthesize, and manufacture edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional products that mimic the human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) concentrations, particularly the sialylated oligosaccharides, sialic acid, and N-acetylglucosamine concentrations of human colostrum, and are effective in promoting human brain development, improving cognitive function, and enhancing immune function.

[0020] Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are based on five monosaccharide residues: sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid), N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc), glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), and fucose (Fuc). The chemical structures of sialic acid, Glc-NAc, Glc, Gal, and Fuc are shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Almost all HMOs contain lactose at the reducing end, which can be extended with N-acetyllactosamine or lacto-N-biose. The chemical structures of lactose, N-acetyllactosamine, and lacto-N-biose in human milk (human breast milk) and mammalian milk are shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8, respectively.

[0021] Oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid in human milk is an essential nutrient for brain development, cognitive enhancement, immune system development, and nervous system development. Oligosaccharide-linked sialic acid plays an important role in infant neurodevelopment. In mammals, the highest concentrations of sialic acid are found in the central nervous system (CNS), where it is present primarily as a structural and functional part of gangliosides and glycoproteins.

[0022] Sialic acid in breast milk is found in various sialoglycoconjugate compounds, such as oligosaccharides, glycolipids, and glycoproteins. Human milk contains approximately 150–1200 mg / L of sialic acid during the first three months of lactation, as shown in Figure 9. Oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid accounts for approximately 75% of the total sialic acid in human milk. Most of the sialic acid in human milk exists in the form of sialyllactose (3′-sialyllactose and 6′-sialyllactose), which is an oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid formed from lactose and sialic acid. Some of the sialic acid in human milk exists in the form of sialyllactosamine (3′-sialyllactosamine and 6′-sialyllactosamine), which is an oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid formed from N-acetyllactosamine and sialic acid.

[0023] Human colostrum contains extremely high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc). The changes in the concentrations of oligosaccharide-derived sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc) in the full-term breast milk of eight mothers over the first 3 months of lactation are shown in Figures 9 and 10, respectively. Janette Brand Miller reported that sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) showed a mean 71% decline in concentration over time, fitting a quadratic curve (r = -0.87) over time, from 879 ± 157 mg / L (week 1) to 256 ± 82 mg / L (week 13). During the same period, the concentration of N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc) decreased by 56%, from 1,459 ± 282 mg / L (week 1) to 646 ± 214 mg / L (week 13). Both decreases in sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-NAc) concentrations were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Not surprisingly, the concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in human milk are significantly higher at the beginning of lactation, consistent with the needs of the newborn and the biological limitations in the biosynthesis of these compounds. High concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine are crucial for the newborn's biological systems.

[0024] Therefore, an important objective of the present invention is to mimic human colostrum in that it contains high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. Furthermore, the nutritional product is particularly beneficial for elderly individuals with neurodegenerative diseases and pregnant and lactating women. The nutritional product provides lactating mothers with monosaccharide and oligosaccharide "building blocks," particularly N-acetylglucosamine and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, which are essential components for breastfeeding mothers' breast milk synthesis and for increasing the concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in breast milk. In the present invention, the nutritional product is characterized by high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, exceeding 100 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 5000 mg / L, and 5000 mg / L, respectively. However, the preferred concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein in the nutritional product are about 3,300 mg / L, 1,600 mg / L, 50,000 mg / L, and 50,000 mg / L, respectively, as shown in Figure 37. Figure 37 shows the minimum and preferred concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, protein, and carbohydrates in the nutritional product proposed according to the present invention.

[0025] According to the present invention, a human study was conducted on five nursing mothers of full-term infants to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed nutritional product. The nursing mothers were given the proposed nutritional product from the second to third month of lactation. In this human study, breast milk samples were collected for analysis of the concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine before and after feeding the nursing mothers with the proposed nutritional product.

[0026] The human test data of one lactating mother are shown in Figures 11 and 12. Figure 11 shows the change in sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) in the full-term milk of a mother who orally administered the proposed nutritional product from the second to third month of lactation. Figure 12 shows the change in N-acetylglucosamine (Glsc-NAc) in the full-term milk of a mother who orally administered the proposed nutritional product from the second to third month of lactation. By comparing the concentrations of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine in the breast milk before and after oral administration of the nutritional product, and by comparing the average concentrations of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine in the breast milk of the control group, it was clearly observed that the concentrations of sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in the breast milk of the lactating mother after oral administration of the nutritional product were both significantly increased and relatively higher than the average of the control group.

[0027] The first four data points (A1, A2, A3, and A4) in Figures 11 and 12 are data points before oral administration of the nutritional product. The next nine data points (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, and B9) in Figures 11 and 12 are data points after oral administration of the nutritional product. From the human trial data, it can be clearly concluded that the nutritional product proposed in accordance with the present invention significantly improved the concentrations of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine in the breast milk of the lactating mothers by 20-40% and 15-35%, respectively. The changes in the concentrations of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine in breast milk are highly dependent on the oral dose. Therefore, the formulation and recommended oral dosage of the nutritional product are defined and determined based on the duration of lactation and the oligosaccharide concentration in each individual's breast milk. Essentially, the concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine in breast milk and the duration of lactation are two important indicators for determining the dosage and frequency of the orally administered nutritional product in question.

[0028] The above human trial data also demonstrated that oral administration of the nutritional product of the present invention, which contains high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, is important for nursing mothers to improve the oligosaccharide concentrations in their breast milk, and also indirectly benefits the baby through higher and better breast milk oligosaccharide concentrations.

[0029] The present invention provides a formulated and synthesized nutritional product containing washed edible bird's nest, very low-fat milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The nutritional product is characterized by high concentrations of N-acetylglucosamine and oligosaccharide-linked sialic acids, including 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, 6'-sialyllactosamine, and their derivatives or intermediates. The chemical structures of 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, and 6'-sialyllactosamine are shown in Figures 13, 14, 15, and 16, respectively. In fact, similar chemical structures are found in both human milk and the nutritional product proposed according to the present invention.

[0030] The term "edible bird's nest" or EBN, as used herein, includes bird's nests made from the regurgitated saliva of swiftlets. Specifically, EBN is produced by the Java swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus) and the Asian swiftlet (Aerodramus maximus). The chemical composition of EBN is primarily composed of protein and carbohydrates, with 42-63% w / w protein, 10.6-27.3% w / w carbohydrate, 2.1-7.3% w / w ash, and 0.1-1.3% w / w lipid. The carbohydrate portion of the glycoprotein in EBN contains approximately 9-10% sialic acid and approximately 5.3% N-acetylglucosamine. Furthermore, the chemical structures of the sialic acid monosaccharides and N-acetylglucosamine monosaccharides in raw EBN and breast milk are identical, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. The chemical structure and chemical composition data of EBN clearly show that EBN is an excellent natural source of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and N-acetylglucosamine for formulating and synthesizing the nutritional product, and therefore EBN is selected as one of the main raw materials according to the present invention.

[0031] Typically, raw EBN is harvested from caves in Southeast Asia. Raw EBN must undergo a series of cleaning processes before it is ready to be cooked and consumed. Traditionally, washed edible bird's nests are "cooked" or "double-boiled" with water and rock sugar. The "double-boiling" process is characterized by immersing the EBN in a ceramic pot with boiling water on the outside. Traditionally, EBN is cooked or "double-boiled" at a temperature of approximately 90°C for 30 minutes. This cooking or processing setting does not optimally release sialic acid monosaccharides from the original protein-bound sialic acids in EBN, effectively forming oligosaccharide-bound sialic acids, including 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, 6'-sialyllactosamine, and their derivatives or intermediates. Therefore, the majority of sialic acid in products produced by traditional methods is primarily protein-bound sialic acid, rather than oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid.

[0032] The present invention proposes a number of processes or methods for optimally and effectively producing the nutritional product by improving the release of sialic acid monosaccharides and forming oligosaccharide-bound sialic acids, ultimately enabling the formation of more sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine and their derivatives or intermediates. Figure 17 shows a schematic flow chart of the combination of the processes according to the present invention. The methods for producing the nutritional product are further illustrated in the examples shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27.

[0033] The present invention proposes multiple unique methods for "synthesizing" washed edible bird's nest, very low fat milk, purified water, and optional ingredients through a hydrolysis process using pressure and heat, followed by a rapid cooling process, to produce nutritional products containing high concentrations of lactose, protein, N-acetylglucosamine, and oligosaccharide-linked sialic acids (including 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, 6'-sialyllactosamine, and their derivatives or intermediates).

[0034] According to the present invention, the "synthesis" step of the ingredients is one of the key steps, which means increasing the concentration of free oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, as well as 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, 6'-sialyllactosamine, and their derivatives or intermediates in the proposed nutritional product. In the present invention, the "synthesis" of 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, 3'-sialyllactosamine, and 6'-sialyllactosamine by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat followed by a rapid cooling process is further illustrated in Figures 28, 29, 30, and 31, respectively. The process promoted the synthesis or formation of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine from the sialic acid in edible bird's nest and the lactose / N-acetyllactosamine in milk. Enzymes and / or weak acids can be added as optional ingredients to further promote the "synthesis" process.

[0035] During the "synthesis" process of the ingredients, controlling and optimizing the main process parameters (duration, pressure, temperature) of the pressurized and heated hydrolysis process and the subsequent rapid cooling process, as well as the weight ratios of the ingredients, are important for determining the N-acetylglucosamine concentration and promoting the formation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid and its derivatives or intermediates from the original protein-bound sialic acid in the edible bird's nest and the lactose / N-acetyllactosamine in the milk. Figure 38 shows several examples of weight ratios of ingredients according to the present invention.

[0036] According to the present invention, the washed edible bird's nest, very low-fat milk, purified water, and optional ingredients are "synthesized" at a temperature above 90°C for 10 minutes or more. According to the present invention, "synthesized" process settings below 90°C are inefficient and result in too low a conversion rate of protein-bound sialic acid to oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid. Figure 32 shows a detailed study of the sialic acid concentration in the proposed nutritional product at different "synthesized" process temperatures. Based on the research and data available in this invention, it is concluded that the preferred "synthesized" process temperature and time settings are 110°C to 130°C for 10 minutes or more. The preferred process settings can optimize the release of the liberated oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid from the edible bird's nest. The pressurized and heated hydrolysis process and subsequent rapid cooling process are expected to convert 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible bird's nest to the liberated oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, with a preferred conversion rate of 50% or more of protein-bound sialic acid.

[0037] As shown in Figure 32, when the processing temperature is below 90°C, the "synthesis" step is inefficient, and the conversion rate of protein-bound sialic acid is significantly below 10%. This means that the concentration of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid in human colostrum is less than 10%, with the majority of sialic acid being protein-bound. It was observed that when the processing temperature is increased to above 110°C, the concentrations of free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, as well as sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine and their derivatives or intermediates, are significantly improved. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the concentrations of free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, as well as sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine in the proposed nutritional product are optimized when the "synthesis" step is performed at a temperature ranging from 110°C to 130°C.

[0038] Furthermore, the hydrolysis process by pressure and heat and the subsequent rapid cooling process promote the "synthesis" of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine from the sialic acid in the edible bird's nest and the lactose / N-acetyllactosamine in the milk. The rapid cooling process is designed to rapidly cool the solution and promote the formation of more sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine. In the present invention, the rapid cooling process is operated at a cooling rate of 5 to 95°C per minute, with a preferred cooling rate of about 20°C per minute.

[0039] In addition, enzymes and / or weak acids are optionally added to further enhance or optimize the synthesis of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine. In fact, the formation of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine is made possible by using another main component during processing, namely mammalian milk, preferably very low-fat milk containing high concentrations of lactose and N-acetyllactosamine.

[0040] In the present invention, the milk fat composition of the mammalian milk is reduced to less than 1.6% w / w, preferably between 0°C and 0.1% w / w of the milk. The milk fat is removed by centrifugation or other milk fat removal processes. According to the present invention, the ultra-low-fat milk contains a high concentration of lactose and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), and the total content of lactose and N-acetyllactosamine is preferably 50% w / w or more of the milk solids, which is important for enabling the formation of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine in the proposed nutritional product. Furthermore, the ultra-low-fat milk preferably contains a sialyllactose concentrate derived from mammalian milk. A method for preparing the sialyllactose concentrate includes ultrafiltration of mammalian milk using an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain an ultrafiltration retentate. The ultrafiltration retentate is then diafiltered using an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain a sialyllactose concentrate of mammalian milk. The ultrafiltration membrane has a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) value of 0.5 to 5000 Daltons.

[0041] The very low-fat mammalian milk mentioned above is preferably cow's or goat's milk. Milk is a nutritious food consisting of varying amounts of carbohydrates, fat, and protein. Its primary components are water (87.4%) and milk solids (12.6%), which contain vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fat, and protein. Milk is a major component of the diet of infants not fed human milk and is almost universally used in infant formula as the most common substitute for human milk. The primary carbohydrate in milk is lactose. Fresh cow's milk contains approximately 4.8% lactose, while fresh human milk contains 7% lactose.

[0042] A comparison of sialylated oligosaccharides, 3'-sialyllactose, and 6'-sialyllactose, in human milk and cow's milk has been reported by Sandra JM ten Bruggencate, as shown in Figure 28. According to the comparison, human colostrum contains 1,000-3,300 mg / L of sialylated oligosaccharides, while bovine colostrum contains 230-1,500 mg / L of sialylated oligosaccharides. Although cow's milk contains relatively less of the oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, sialyllactose, sialyllactosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine than human milk, it contains significantly more lactose. Therefore, cow's milk is considered to be a cost-effective, natural, and safe source of lactose and N-acetyllactosamine for the nutritional product formulation of the present invention. Furthermore, cow's milk is selected as one of the primary raw materials in the present invention because sialyllactose concentrate can be obtained from cow's milk through ultrafiltration and diafiltration processes.

[0043] Another object of the present invention is to provide a nutritional product with good sensory properties, such as appearance, texture, aroma, and taste. According to the present invention, ultra-low-fat milk with a high lactose concentration is used as one of the main ingredients. Ultra-low-fat milk is made from mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6% w / w, preferably 0% w / w to 0.1% w / w, to minimize the formation of lipid-bound sialic acid and minimize the occurrence of chemical reactions between the milk fat biomolecules and the edible bird's nest during the "synthesis" process, which affect the sensory, physical, chemical, and / or biological properties of the nutritional product and cause the edible bird's nest to harden and turn yellow. Furthermore, excessive chemical reactions between the milk fat biomolecules and the edible bird's nest affect the sensory properties of the milk.

[0044] The proposed processing methods are specifically designed and optimized to take advantage of the high sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine content in EBN and the high lactose and N-acetyllactosamine content in mammalian milk to formulate, synthesize, and manufacture effective nutritional products. There are multiple process combinations that can be used in practicing the present invention. Figure 17 provides an overview of the process combinations according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 17, the process combinations can be divided into two main categories. The first process combination category is one in which the "synthesis" of ingredients occurs after the ingredients are filled and sealed into individual containers (bottles, sachets, or other containers). Four examples of the first process combination are shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, and 21. The second process combination category is one in which the "synthesis" of ingredients occurs before the ingredients are filled and sealed into individual containers (bottles, sachets, etc.). Six examples of the second process combination are shown in Figures 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27.

[0045] Generally, the first process combination category includes seven main process steps, as shown in FIG. 18. The process steps begin with preparing the ingredients according to a predefined formula, followed by ingredient mixing, ingredient homogenization, filling and sealing the ingredients into individual containers, ingredient "compounding," ingredient pasteurization / sterilization, and final packaging. In this first process combination category, ingredient homogenization and ingredient pasteurization / sterilization are two optional process steps. According to the present invention, for products that do not require the full list of process steps to be performed, one of the two optional process steps can be omitted.

[0046] Additionally, the second process combination category includes nine main process steps, as shown in FIG. 22. The process steps begin with preparing the ingredients according to a predefined formula, followed by ingredient mixing, ingredient homogenization, ingredient "compounding," ingredient encapsulation, ingredient pasteurization / sterilization, ingredient spray drying / freeze drying, ingredient filling and sealing into individual containers, and final packaging. In the second process combination category, ingredient homogenization, ingredient encapsulation, ingredient pasteurization / sterilization, and ingredient spray drying / freeze drying are four optional process steps. According to the present invention, for products that do not require the entire list of process steps to be performed, any of the four optional process steps can be omitted.

[0047] According to the present invention, the process combination is further illustrated by ten examples shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27. As shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27, the four main ingredient categories of the present invention are edible bird's nest, mammalian milk, water, and optional ingredients. The edible bird's nest is washed edible bird's nest. The mammalian milk is preferably very low-fat milk with a high concentration of lactose and / or sialyllactose. The optional ingredients included edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactosamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, curcumin, or other edible ingredients.

[0048] In the present invention, sugar and flavorings are added as optional ingredients to improve taste, and enzymes and weak acids are added as other optional ingredients to further enhance or optimize the synthesis of sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine. Furthermore, fucose and / or fucosyllactose are important optional ingredients that can further perfect the formulation by mimicking all five basic monosaccharide "building blocks" contained in human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). The fucosyllactose is an important fucosylated oligosaccharide that can further enhance the nutritional value of the proposed nutritional product in improving not only human brain health and immune function, but also intestinal health. Furthermore, sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine concentrate derived from mammalian milk are other optional ingredients that can be added to further improve the formulation of the nutritional product.

[0049] In the present invention, the plant extract includes palm oil plant tocotrienol, the omega-3 fatty acids include alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the probiotics include Lactobacillus, Eleutherococcus, and Bifidobacterium.

[0050] To date, many nutritional products have not fully realized their potential health benefits due to their low absorption rate in the human body. Large particle size, poor water solubility, and poor stability are mainly responsible for the low absorption rate in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Orally administered nutritional products must pass through the human GI tract and be absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, another object of the present invention is to improve the absorption rate of nutritional products in the human GI tract by introducing homogenization and encapsulation processes in the production of nutritional products, thereby reducing the particle size of ingredients and increasing the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of the nutritional products.

[0051] According to the present invention, a new lipid-based encapsulation technology is proposed by high pressure homogenization and ultrasonication to encapsulate a nutritional core material in a matrix of lipid coating material, reduce the particle size of the ingredients, and increase the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of said nutritional product, thereby improving the absorption rate of said nutritional product in the human gastrointestinal tract.

[0052] The proposed encapsulation technique involves encapsulating micron- and / or nano-sized nutritional core materials within a thin layer of micron- and / or nano-sized lipid coating. Three types of lipid coatings are proposed in this invention. The lipid coatings include lipid bilayers (1), lipid monolayers (2), and a combination of both bilayers and monolayers, which encapsulate the nutritional core materials, as shown in Figures 34, 35, and 36, respectively.

[0053] The first type of coating is a lipid bilayer (1), which means that if the nutritional core material is sufficiently surrounded by the water, aqueous, or hydrophilic component (3) of the ingredient, a lipid bilayer (1) encapsulation will be perfectly formed, as shown in Figure 34. However, if the majority of the water, aqueous, or hydrophilic component (3) of the ingredient is trapped inside the nutritional core material, more of the hydrophobic component (4) of the ingredient will be exposed to the surface of the nutritional core material, making it more likely to form a lipid monolayer (2) encapsulation, as shown in Figure 35.

[0054] In the third type of lipid coating proposed in this invention, the lipid coating comprises a combination of both bilayer (1) and monolayer (2) encapsulated on a single nutritional core material encapsulation, especially when the hydrophilic (3) and hydrophobic (4) components of the nutritional core material are unevenly or incompletely distributed as shown in Figure 36. In this invention, the coating materials proposed for the encapsulating coating layer are phospholipids, edible lipids and / or edible polymers.

[0055] According to the present invention, the nutritional core material of the encapsulation is composed of edible bird's nest, mammalian milk, water, and optional ingredients, which are "compounded" in a predetermined setting. In fact, the nutritional core material is a "blended" and "compounded" ingredient that has been subjected to a series of processes, including a mixing process and a homogenization process, followed by a "compounding" process, before being subjected to the encapsulation process, as shown in Figure 17.

[0056] During the encapsulation process, the core material made with the "composite" ingredients is further homogenized to ensure a uniformly dispersed emulsion. The "composite" and "homogenized" ingredients are then subjected to high-energy ultrasonic treatment to encapsulate the nutritional core material with a lipid layer.

[0057] In practice, during the encapsulation process, the "blended" and "composite" ingredients are further reduced in size to micron- and / or nano-sized particles using a high-pressure homogenizer, high-shear homogenizer, or other tool, and then uniformly coated with the lipid coating layer. The diameter of the micron-sized particles ranges from 1 to 999 μm. The diameter of the nano-sized particles ranges from 1 to 999 nm.

[0058] Figure 17 shows a schematic flow chart of the process combination according to the present invention. Finally, methods for producing the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional products are further illustrated in Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, as shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27, respectively. [Example]

[0059] Example 1 According to Example 1 of the present invention shown in Figure 18, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) homogenizing all the ingredients together; g) filling and sealing a plurality of containers, such as bottles or sachets, with all of the ingredients; h) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; i) pasteurizing or sterilizing the ingredients; j) Final packaging process.

[0060] According to Example 1 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 18, in the first step, all ingredients are prepared, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0061] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, all ingredients are homogenized using a homogenizer, such as a high-pressure homogenizer. In the fourth step, the ingredients are filled and sealed into multiple containers such as jars or sachets. In the fifth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the sixth step, the ingredients are pasteurized or sterilized. The seventh and final step involves final packaging.

[0062] Example 2 According to Example 2 of the present invention shown in Figure 19, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; g) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; h) pasteurizing or sterilizing the ingredients; i) Final packaging process.

[0063] According to Example 2 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 19, in the first step, all ingredients are prepared, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0064] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, the ingredients are filled and sealed into multiple containers such as jars or sachets. In the fourth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the fifth step, the ingredients are pasteurized or sterilized. The sixth and final step involves final packaging.

[0065] Example 3 According to Example 3 of the present invention shown in Figure 20, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) homogenizing all the ingredients together; g) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; h) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; i) Final packaging process.

[0066] According to Example 3 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 20, the first step involves preparing all ingredients, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0067] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, all ingredients are homogenized using a homogenizer, such as a high-pressure homogenizer. In the fourth step, the ingredients are filled and sealed into multiple containers such as jars or sachets. In the fifth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. The sixth and final step involves final packaging.

[0068] Example 4 According to Example 4 of the present invention shown in Figure 21, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; g) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; h) Final packaging process.

[0069] According to Example 4 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 21, in the first step, all ingredients are prepared, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0070] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, the ingredients are filled and sealed into multiple containers such as jars or sachets. In the fourth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. The fifth and final step involves final packaging.

[0071] Example 5 According to Example 5 of the present invention shown in Figure 22, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) homogenizing all the ingredients together; g) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; h) encapsulating said components with a lipid bilayer (1) and / or lipid monolayer (2) coating, as shown in Figures 34, 35 and 36; i) pasteurizing or sterilizing the ingredients; j) spray drying or freeze drying the ingredients; k) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; l) Final packaging process.

[0072] According to Example 5 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 22, in the first step, all ingredients are prepared, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0073] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, all ingredients are homogenized using a homogenizer, such as a high-pressure homogenizer. In the fourth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the fifth step, the micron- and / or nano-sized component particles are encapsulated by coating them with lipid bilayers (1) and / or lipid monolayers (2). In the sixth step, the ingredients are pasteurized or sterilized. In the seventh step, the above ingredients are spray dried or freeze dried. In the eighth step, the ingredients are filled and sealed into multiple containers such as jars or sachets. The ninth and final step involves final packaging.

[0074] Example 6 According to Example 6 of the present invention shown in Figure 23, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) homogenizing all the ingredients together; g) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; h) encapsulating said components with a lipid bilayer (1) and / or lipid monolayer (2) coating, as shown in Figures 34, 35 and 36; i) pasteurizing or sterilizing the ingredients; j) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; k) Final packaging process.

[0075] According to Example 6 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 23, the first step involves preparing all ingredients, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0076] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, all ingredients are homogenized using a homogenizer, such as a high-pressure homogenizer. In the fourth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the fifth step, the micron- and / or nano-sized component particles are encapsulated by coating them with lipid bilayers (1) and / or lipid monolayers (2). In the sixth step, the ingredients are pasteurized or sterilized. The seventh step involves filling and sealing the ingredients into multiple containers, such as jars or sachets. The eighth and final step involves final packaging.

[0077] Example 7 According to Example 7 of the present invention shown in Figure 24, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) homogenizing all the ingredients together; g) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; h) encapsulating said components with a lipid bilayer (1) and / or lipid monolayer (2) coating, as shown in Figures 34, 35 and 36; i) spray drying or freeze drying the components; j) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; k) Final packaging process.

[0078] According to Example 7 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 24, in the first step, all ingredients are prepared, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0079] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, all ingredients are homogenized using a homogenizer, such as a high-pressure homogenizer. In the fourth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the fifth step, the micron- and / or nano-sized component particles are encapsulated by coating them with lipid bilayers (1) and / or lipid monolayers (2). In the sixth step, the above ingredients are spray-dried or freeze-dried. The seventh step involves filling and sealing the ingredients into multiple containers, such as jars or sachets. The eighth and final step involves final packaging.

[0080] Example 8 According to Example 8 of the present invention shown in Figure 25, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) homogenizing all the ingredients together; g) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; h) encapsulating said components with a lipid bilayer (1) and / or lipid monolayer (2) coating, as shown in Figures 34, 35 and 36; i) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; j) Final packaging process.

[0081] According to Example 8 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 25, in the first step, all ingredients are prepared, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0082] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, all ingredients are homogenized using a homogenizer, such as a high-pressure homogenizer. In the fourth step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the fifth step, the micron- and / or nano-sized component particles are encapsulated by coating them with lipid bilayers (1) and / or lipid monolayers (2). In the sixth step, the ingredients are filled and sealed into multiple containers such as jars or sachets. The seventh and final step involves final packaging.

[0083] Example 9 According to Example 9 of the present invention shown in Figure 26, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; g) pasteurizing or sterilizing the ingredients; h) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; i) Final packaging process.

[0084] According to Example 9 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 26, the first step involves preparing all ingredients, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0085] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the fourth step, the ingredients are pasteurized or sterilized. The fifth step involves filling and sealing the ingredients into multiple containers, such as jars or sachets. The sixth and final step involves final packaging.

[0086] Example 10 According to Example 10 of the present invention shown in Figure 27, a method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose and protein includes the following steps: a) washing raw edible bird's nest to prepare washed edible bird's nest; b) homogenizing mammalian milk to provide homogenized mammalian milk; c) filtering and purifying tap water to prepare purified water; d) providing optional ingredients; e) mixing all ingredients according to predetermined weight ratios or amounts, said ingredients including said washed edible bird's nest, said homogenized mammalian milk, said purified water and said optional ingredients; f) synthesizing said components by a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process; g) filling and sealing a plurality of containers with all of the ingredients; h) Final packaging process.

[0087] According to Example 10 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 27, the first step involves preparing all ingredients, including washed edible bird's nest, homogenized mammalian milk, purified water, and optional ingredients. The homogenized mammalian milk is preferably homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk with a milk fat content of less than 1.6%. However, the homogenized very-low-fat mammalian milk can be replaced with whole milk or mammalian milk supplemented with sialyllactose concentrate. The optional ingredients include edible ingredients such as sugar, flavoring, enzymes, fucose, fucosyllactose, sialyllactose, sialyllactisamine, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, and curcumin.

[0088] In the second step, all ingredients are mixed according to the predetermined weight ratio according to the requirements or formula of the nutritional product. Several examples of ingredient weight ratios are shown in Figure 38. In the third step, the components are "synthesized" using a hydrolysis process under pressure and heat and a rapid cooling process. In the fourth step, the ingredients are filled and sealed into multiple containers such as jars or sachets. The fifth and final step involves final packaging.

[0089] While the invention has been described in detail for purposes of illustration, it is understood that such details are for purposes of illustration only. It should also be noted that the invention is susceptible to modification, adaptation, and alteration by those skilled in the art. Such alternative embodiments incorporating the concepts and features of the invention are deemed to be within the scope of the invention, which is further defined by the following claims.

Claims

1. A formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, Contains edible bird's nest, mammalian milk, water, and optional ingredients. The formulation of the nutritional product is primarily defined by the concentrations of the oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, the N-acetylglucosamine, the lactose, and the protein in the nutritional product. The concentrations of the oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein in the nutritional product are 100 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 5 g / L, and 5 g / L or more, respectively. The aforementioned edible swallow's nest includes washed edible swallow's nest. The aforementioned mammalian milk includes homogenized mammalian milk. The water includes purified water. The aforementioned optional ingredients include edible ingredients. The mixture of edible swallow's nest, mammalian milk, water, and the optional component is synthesized by a hydrolysis process involving pressurization and heating at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more, followed by a rapid cooling process to optimize the release of free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest, so that 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest is converted to free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid by the pressurization and heating hydrolysis process and the subsequent rapid cooling process. The weight ratio of the edible swallow's nest to the mammalian milk in the nutritional product is in the range of 1:0.1 to 1:1000. A nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk, characterized in that the weight ratio of the edible bird's nest to the water in the nutritional product is in the range of 1:0.1 to 1:1000.

2. The aforementioned mammalian milk comprises ultra-low-fat mammalian milk with less than 1.6% w / w, the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned mammalian milk includes mammalian milk to which a sialyl lactose concentrate derived from mammalian milk has been added, the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1.

4. The formulation and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1, wherein the hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and the subsequent rapid cooling process promote the formulation of sialyl lactose, an oligosaccharide formulated from lactose and sialic acid.

5. The formulation and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1, wherein the hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and the subsequent rapid cooling process promote the formulation of sialyl lactosamine, an oligosaccharide formulated from N-acetyl lactosamine (LacNAc) and sialic acid.

6. The formulation and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1, wherein an enzyme or a weak acid is added as the optional component to further enhance or optimize the synthesis or formulation of sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine.

7. The formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1, wherein fucose, fucolactose, or derivatives thereof are added as the optional component to further increase the human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content in the nutritional product.

8. The formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1, wherein a sialyl lactose concentrate derived from bovine or goat's milk is added as the optional ingredient in order to further increase the human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content in the nutritional product.

9. A nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk according to claim 1, wherein edible ingredients such as sugar, flavorings, enzymes, plant extracts, fruit extracts, garlic oil, essential oils, lipids, phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D, vitamin E, probiotics, calcium, glucosamine, or curcumin are added as the optional ingredients.

10. The formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1, wherein the hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and the subsequent rapid cooling process are carried out in a pressurized environment at a pressure exceeding 0.10 MPa.

11. The formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional product is encapsulated using a lipid-based encapsulation technology, homogenized to form a uniformly dispersed emulsion, the emulsion having micron-sized or nano-sized particles of the nutritional product, the particles being encapsulated with a lipid bilayer or lipid monolayer coating, the lipid-based encapsulation technology comprising high-energy ultrasonic treatment.

12. The nutritional product is sterilized by a retort process at a temperature exceeding 105°C for 10 minutes or more, wherein the nutritional product is a blended and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1.

13. The nutritional product is sterilized by an ultra-high temperature (UHT) process at a temperature exceeding 135°C for 2 seconds or more, wherein the nutritional product is a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to claim 1.

14. The nutritional product is pasteurized at a temperature above 71°C for 15 seconds or more by a high-temperature short-time (HTST) process, and then rapidly cooled, according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional product is a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product.

15. The nutritional product is pasteurized at a temperature exceeding 89°C for at least one second by a high-temperature short-time (HHST) process, and then rapidly cooled, according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional product is formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product.

16. The nutritional product is pasteurized at a temperature above 62°C for 30 minutes or more by a vat pasteurization process, and then rapidly cooled, according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional product is a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product.

17. The nutritional product, which is not sealed, is ultra-pasteurized at a temperature above 137°C for 2 seconds or more, and then rapidly cooled, according to claim 1, wherein the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product.

18. The nutritional product based on the formulation and synthesis of edible bird's nest and milk according to claim 1, wherein the raw material for the edible bird's nest is derived from swiftlet species that have edible nests, including the Javan swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus) and the Greater swiftlet (Aerodramus maximus).

19. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of homogenizing all the aforementioned components together, g) A step of filling all of the above ingredients into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, h) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, i) A step of pasteurizing or sterilizing the nutritional product, j) A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

20. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 19.

21. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of filling all of the above ingredients into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, g) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, h) A step of pasteurizing or sterilizing the nutritional product, i) A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

22. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 21.

23. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of homogenizing all the aforementioned components together, g) A step of filling all of the above ingredients into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, h) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, i) A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

24. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 23.

25. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of filling all of the above ingredients into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, g) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, h) A method for producing a compounded and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

26. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 25.

27. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of homogenizing all the aforementioned components together, g) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, h) A step of encapsulating the nutritional product by a lipid-based encapsulation technology, wherein the nutritional product is further homogenized to form a uniformly dispersed emulsion, the emulsion having micron-sized or nano-sized particles of the nutritional product, the particles being encapsulated by a lipid bilayer or lipid monolayer coating, and the lipid-based encapsulation technology includes high-energy ultrasonic treatment. i) A step of pasteurizing or sterilizing the emulsion of the nutritional product, j) A step of spray-drying or freeze-drying the emulsion of the nutritional product, k) A step of filling the nutritional product into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, l) A method for producing a compounded and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

28. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 27.

29. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of homogenizing all the aforementioned components together, g) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, h) A step of encapsulating the nutritional product by a lipid-based encapsulation technology, wherein the nutritional product is further homogenized to form a uniformly dispersed emulsion, the emulsion having micron-sized or nano-sized particles of the nutritional product, the particles being encapsulated by a lipid bilayer or lipid monolayer coating, and the lipid-based encapsulation technology includes high-energy ultrasonic treatment. i) A step of pasteurizing or sterilizing the emulsion of the nutritional product, j) A step of filling the nutritional product into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, k) A method for producing a compounded and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

30. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 29.

31. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of homogenizing all the aforementioned components together, g) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, h) A step of encapsulating the nutritional product by a lipid-based encapsulation technology, wherein the nutritional product is further homogenized to form a uniformly dispersed emulsion, the emulsion having micron-sized or nano-sized particles of the nutritional product, the particles being encapsulated by a lipid bilayer or lipid monolayer coating, and the lipid-based encapsulation technology includes high-energy ultrasonic treatment. i) A step of spray-drying or freeze-drying the emulsion of the nutritional product, j) A step of filling the nutritional product into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, k) A method for producing a compounded and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

32. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 31.

33. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A step of homogenizing all the aforementioned components together, g) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, h) A step of encapsulating the nutritional product by a lipid-based encapsulation technology, wherein the nutritional product is further homogenized to form a uniformly dispersed emulsion, the emulsion having micron-sized or nano-sized particles of the nutritional product, the particles being encapsulated by a lipid bilayer or lipid monolayer coating, and the lipid-based encapsulation technology includes high-energy ultrasonic treatment. i) A step of filling the nutritional product into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, j) A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

34. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 33.

35. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, g) A step of pasteurizing or sterilizing the nutritional product, h) A step of filling the nutritional product into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, i) A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

36. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 35.

37. A method for producing a formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product containing high concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein, a) The process of washing raw edible bird's nests to prepare washed edible bird's nests, b) A process of preparing homogenized mammalian milk by homogenizing mammalian milk, c) A process of preparing purified water by filtering and purifying tap water, d) A step of preparing optional components, e) A step of mixing all components according to a predetermined weight ratio or amount, wherein the components include the washed edible swallow's nest, the homogenized mammalian milk, the purified water, and the optional components, f) A process for producing a nutritional product by synthesizing all of the above components through a hydrolysis process by pressurization and heating and a subsequent rapid cooling process, wherein the synthesis is carried out at a temperature exceeding 90°C for 10 minutes or more in order to optimize the release of free sialic acid from the edible swallow's nest and the preparation of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, wherein the synthesis converts 15% or more of the protein-bound sialic acid in the edible swallow's nest into free sialic acid and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, and the synthesis of the above components also promotes the preparation of sialylated oligosaccharides including sialyl lactose and sialyl lactosamine, g) A step of filling the nutritional product into multiple containers such as bottles or pouches and sealing them, h) A method for producing a compounded and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product, characterized by comprising a final packaging step.

38. A nutritional product manufactured according to the method of claim 37.

39. A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible swallow's nest and milk according to any one of claims 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, and 37, wherein the mammalian milk comprises ultra-low fat mammalian milk with less than 1.6% w / w.

40. A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible swallow's nest and milk according to any one of claims 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, and 37, wherein the mammalian milk includes mammalian milk to which a sialyl lactose concentrate derived from mammalian milk has been added.

41. A method for producing a nutritional product based on formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk according to any one of claims 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, and 37, wherein the concentrations of the oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, lactose, and protein in the nutritional product are 100 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 5 g / L, and 5 g / L or more, respectively.

42. Use of the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to any one of claims 1, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38 in the manufacture of a drug for increasing the sialylated oligosaccharide content in the breast milk of a lactating mother, wherein the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product is administered orally to the lactating mother.

43. Use of a nutritional product based on a compound and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk according to any one of claims 1, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 in the manufacture of a drug for increasing the N-acetylglucosamine content in the breast milk of a lactating mother, wherein the nutritional product is administered orally to the lactating mother.

44. Use of the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to any one of claims 1, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 in the manufacture of a drug for enhancing human neurodevelopment and brain health, wherein the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product is administered orally to the human.

45. Use of the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to any one of claims 1, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 in the manufacture of a drug for enhancing the immune function of a human, wherein the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product is administered orally to the human.

46. Use of the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to any one of claims 1, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 in the manufacture of a drug for promoting human intestinal health, wherein the formulated and synthesized edible bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product is administered orally to the human.

47. Use of the formulated and synthesized bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product according to any one of claims 1, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38 in the manufacture of a drug for treating autism spectrum disorder (ASD), seizures, or epilepsy in humans, wherein the formulated and synthesized bird's nest and milk-based nutritional product is administered orally to the human.

48. The use according to claim 47, wherein cannabidiol (CBD) or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is added as an optional component.

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