Method for machining a cutting tool and machining device for carrying out said method

Abstract

A method for machining a cutting tool (1, 21) and a machining device (50) for carrying out the method are proposed. The cutting tool (1, 21) has a cutting tool body (2, 22) and a cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) attached to the cutting tool body (2, 22) and having at least one cutting edge (10, 30). A three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool (1, 21) is defined. From this three-dimensional surface, cutting edge-defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) are identified. The cutting edge-defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) form the surfaces of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) and are arranged adjacent to the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23). The processing device (50) is controlled based on the cutting edge defining surfaces (11 a, 12 a, 31 a, 32 a) to intentionally remove material at the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), and collision between the cutting tool and the material removal device (56) of the processing device (50) is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention starts with a method for machining a cutting tool, wherein the cutting tool has a cutting tool body and at least one cutting insert attached to the cutting tool body and having at least one cutting edge.

Background Art

[0002] Cutting tools include cutting tools for manufacturing methods by cutting and tools for cutting. These tools usually have a shank and a cutting part. The shank serves, for example, to hold the cutting tool within the machine interface of a machining tool. The shank has a cutting part. The cutting part has at least one cutting edge, by which the cutting tool interacts with the workpiece to be machined and removes material from the workpiece in the process. Such cutting tools include, for example, mills, drills, reamers, chisels, hacksaws, planes and saws. The cutting tool may be a solid tool consistently made of a single material. Alternatively, the cutting part may have an insert including a cutting edge, and the insert is made of a material different from the shank. The cutting tool is subjected to significant mechanical and thermal loads at its point of use, based on the forces acting on the cutting tool and the temperatures generated. These loads include mechanical friction, oxidation and wear, and particularly diffusion wear and oxidation wear when the machining speed is high. This leads to wear of the cutting tool in the area of the cutting edge.

[0003] To improve the wear resistance and extend the service life of a cutting tool, the cutting tool may have a material harder in the area of ​​the cutting edge than the rest of the cutting tool body. For this purpose, in cutting tools with a cutting insert, the cutting insert may have a hard coating, or the entire cutting insert may be made of a hard material. Such hard or superhard materials include, for example, diamond, e.g., polycrystalline diamond (PCD), single-crystal diamond, crystalline diamond, or diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), amorphous carbon (sometimes called "Diamond-like Carbon DLC"), cubic boron nitride (CBN), titanium, or ceramics. If the cutting insert has a coating made of a hard material, this coating may be applied to the cutting insert using, for example, chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

[0004] Cutting inserts are typically brazed directly onto the tool body for attachment. While this joint offers superior strength, the brazing method is not precise enough to guarantee accurate positioning of the cutting insert on the cutting tool body. Furthermore, cutting inserts may have some degree of inaccuracy in their shape, length, width, and depth, or in some cases, surface curvature. These inaccuracies in the cutting inserts and their inaccurate positioning on the cutting tool body lead to the cutting tool to which these inserts belong failing to meet set tolerances and resulting in poor quality. Therefore, cutting tools must be post-processed after the brazing of the cutting inserts. During this post-processing, material is intentionally removed from the cutting insert, thereby ensuring that the cutting edge and the surface defined by this cutting edge meet the set tolerances. The post-processing is performed using a processing apparatus comprising a positioning device for housing and fixing the cutting tool, a material removal device for removing material from the cutting tool, and a motion device. The motion device moves the cutting tool housed in the positioning device and the material removal device relative to each other for intentional material removal. The material removal device may include, for example, a grinding disc, a laser for generating a laser beam, or equipment for electrical discharge machining (EDM).

[0005] Before post-processing of cutting inserts brazed onto the tool body by a machining apparatus, the precise position of each cutting insert must be determined in three dimensions in relation to a known reference point of the cutting tool. Furthermore, it must be determined whether the surface is flat or curved. If the cutting tool is formed as a rotary tool that rotates around a geometric cutting tool rotation axis during use, this geometric cutting tool rotation axis may be the reference point, for example. Another reference point may be the top surface or the bottom surface of the cutting tool.

[0006] To achieve the material removal at the cutting insert required for post-processing, the material removal device must determine the trajectory it must move relative to the cutting tool, based on the detected position, orientation, and shape of the cutting insert.

[0007] It is known that the position of cutting inserts brazed to a cutting tool can be detected using a mechanical measuring scanner. For this purpose, the measuring scanner is positioned within the processing apparatus. Based on the type and shape of the cutting tool, as well as the type and number of cutting inserts provided on the cutting tool, the measuring scanner must be moved relative to the cutting tool to detect the surface position of each cutting insert at at least three measurement points, relative to a reference value such as the geometric axis of rotation of the cutting tool. Control of the measuring scanner is typically performed using a computer, such as a CNC. The software must be created and configured by the operator based on the type, number, and approximate position of the cutting inserts. While the operator can certainly rely on the technical settings and drawings of the cutting tool, these settings do not include the inaccuracies arising from the brazing of the cutting inserts. Therefore, the details must be entered by the operator into the control device, which then moves the measuring scanner closer to the measurement points of the cutting inserts. This is particularly time-consuming for cutting tools with a large number of cutting inserts. Furthermore, there is a risk of errors occurring when entering the details into the control device. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] The fundamental problem of this invention is to provide a method for facilitating post-processing of a cutting insert after brazing onto a cutting tool, enabling automated post-processing and avoiding collisions between the processing device and the cutting tool. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] This problem is solved by a method having the features described in claim 1 and a processing apparatus having the features described in claim 22. The method is characterized by the following steps: a) A step of setting target data for a cutting edge, called cutting edge target data, wherein the cutting edge target data includes data relating to at least one of the following characteristics of a cutting edge: cutting edge position relative to a coordinate system relating to the cutting tool, cutting edge geometry, and cutting edge extension shape relative to a coordinate system relating to the cutting edge. The coordinate system relating to the cutting tool includes coordinate axes extending through the cutting tool and zeros within or tangent to the cutting tool. When the cutting tool moves, the coordinate system relating to the cutting tool moves along with it. Therefore, the coordinates of the cutting edge position and the coordinates of the cutting edge extension shape do not change in this coordinate system relating to the cutting tool. The cutting edge target data defines the details that the cutting edge of a cutting insert placed on the cutting tool must have, and which should be achieved by machining unless the cutting edge already satisfies those details. b) A step of setting geometric material removal device data, including the shape and size of the material removal device. The dimensions of the material removal device are taken into consideration during processing. c) A step of fixing the cutting tool in position within the position fixing device. d) A step of defining a three-dimensional surface of a cutting tool located within a position-fixing device of a processing apparatus, in a portion of the cutting tool that includes a cutting insert and forms the outer surface of the cutting tool, the surface being defined as a three-dimensional cutting tool surface. e) Next, from the three-dimensional cutting tool surface, identify a subregion that forms one surface of a cutting insert and is located adjacent to the cutting edge, defining these surfaces as cutting edge defining surfaces. The cutting insert has at least two cutting edge defining surfaces. The cutting edge defining surfaces may be, for example, the flank and rake faces of the cutting edge of the cutting insert. f) A step of identifying actual cutting edge data from a cutting edge defining surface, wherein the actual cutting edge data includes at least the properties contained in the target cutting edge data. The target cutting edge data describes the target state of the cutting edge, while the actual cutting edge data relates to the actual state of the cutting edge. In order to allow the actual state to be compared with the target state, the actual cutting edge data includes details relating to the same properties as the target cutting edge data. g) Next, the actual cutting edge data is compared with the target cutting edge data. It is determined whether the actual cutting edge data matches the target cutting edge data. The set tolerance is taken into consideration. If it is found that the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data match, there is no need to machine the cutting edge. h) If the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data is greater than the set tolerance, the cutting insert should be machined as follows: i) A step of determining the motion trajectory of a moving device based on set material removal device data and the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data, so as the cutting tool and the material removal device move relative to each other and the material removal device removes material from the cutting tool, a cutting edge having target cutting edge data within a set tolerance is formed and collisions between the cutting tool and the material removal device are eliminated. To this end, the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data and the material removal device data are processed. Using this motion trajectory, it is determined how the material removal device must move relative to the cutting edge defining surface so that the material removal device intentionally removes material from the cutting insert, thereby ensuring that the cutting tool satisfies the set parameters having target cutting edge data after processing. j) Finally, the material removal device and the motion device are controlled to remove material from the cutting insert. In this case, intentional material removal is performed from the cutting insert so that the cutting insert meets the cutting insert target data within the set tolerance after the material removal is complete, and the processing device does not come into contact with the cutting tool in an undesirable manner.

[0010] Basically, a cutting insert does not only have surfaces that are part of the cutting tool's surface and adjacent to the cutting edge of the cutting insert. For example, a cutting insert also includes the surface to which the cutting insert is brazed to the cutting tool body. Assuming that the surface of the cutting insert that is part of the cutting tool's surface and adjacent to the cutting edge of the cutting insert is particularly important for the quality of the cutting tool, checking and post-processing in this area is especially important. Naturally, if necessary, post-processing can also be performed on surfaces of the cutting insert that are not adjacent to the cutting edge. Normally, post-processing is not performed on the portion of the cutting insert that is brazed onto the cutting tool body. This is because this portion is not exposed and therefore does not directly affect the characteristics of the cutting edge, and processing in this portion could lead to the cutting insert detaching from the cutting tool body. In addition to these mounting portions and the surfaces defining the cutting edge, the cutting insert may have other surfaces that can be processed.

[0011] The 3D cutting tool surface is configured in a way that eliminates the need for manual data input into the processing equipment. The 3D cutting tool surface can be generated, for example, using known CAD data of the cutting tool and input into the processing equipment. This CAD data may include the cutting tool surface in 2D or 3D. For example, the surface of the cutting tool body can be defined in 3D, and the surface of the cutting insert in 2D. Then, based on this data, the 3D surface of the cutting tool is identified. In this case, the 3D cutting tool surface corresponds to, or is part of, the theoretical geometric surface of the cutting tool, generated based on the CAD design of the cutting tool. Alternatively, the 3D surface can be generated using a surface scanner based on the cutting tool clamped in a positioning device and input into the equipment. In this case, the 3D cutting tool surface corresponds to the actual surface of the cutting tool after brazing of the cutting insert. In either case, there is no need to manually input surface data into the system. Therefore, this method is significantly less labor-intensive and less prone to errors for the user.

[0012] By evaluating the three-dimensional cutting tool surface, the method identifies subregions that form the surface of the cutting insert and are located adjacent to the cutting edge. These subregions are characterized by having a specific orientation relative to predetermined reference values ​​of the cutting tool, such as the geometric cutting tool rotation axis, or the bottom or top surface of the cutting tool. This characteristic of the cutting insert surface is used when identifying the cutting insert. The method according to the present invention identifies the cutting edge defining surface regardless of how and in what form the three-dimensional cutting tool surface is configured. For this purpose, there is no need for the user to input data or information.

[0013] Based on the evaluation of the three-dimensional cutting tool surface and the identification of the cutting edge defining surface, the position, orientation, and possibly surface curvature, as well as the length, width, or depth of the cutting insert are determined. Where necessary and desired, measurement points scanning the surface of the cutting insert can be defined on the cutting edge defining surface. The cutting edge defining surface, identified based on the three-dimensional cutting tool surface, is fitted to data acquired during scanning. To intentionally remove material from the cutting insert, the method by which the material removal device must move relative to the cutting tool is determined, possibly based on the cutting edge defining surface fitted by scanning data, thereby performing post-processing of the brazed cutting insert, and the cutting tool then satisfies the settings regarding the position, orientation, and extending shape of the cutting edge and the surface defined by this cutting edge within specific tolerances. When determining the motion trajectory, the geometry and dimensions of the material removal device and the cutting tool are considered, so that the relative motion between the material removal device and the cutting tool is collision-free.

[0014] The following surfaces can be assigned to the cutting tool: 1. The theoretical and geometric three-dimensional surface of a cutting tool, arising from its design; insofar as the cutting tool is designed using CAD, the theoretical and geometric three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool can be derived from the CAD data. This surface may not include inaccuracies arising from the manufacturing and brazing of the cutting insert. 2. The actual three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool after brazing the cutting insert; this surface includes inaccuracies arising from the manufacturing and brazing of the cutting insert; this surface can be acquired, for example, using a surface scanner that detects the entire surface of the cutting tool; alternatively, this surface can be acquired using data arising from item 1 and subsequent scanning of the surface of the cutting insert at specific individual measurement points provided on the surface of the cutting insert. The surface arising from item 1 is fitted to scanning data arising from scanning at the measurement points; in this case, the number of measurement points is significantly less than the number of points at which the surface of the cutting tool is detected using a surface scanner; furthermore, there is the possibility of fitting the surface acquired by the surface scanner to scanning data arising from scanning at the measurement points; this can, in some cases, improve accuracy. The three-dimensional cutting tool surface according to claim 1 is, item From the theoretical three-dimensional surface described in 1., or item It can be derived from the actual three-dimensional surface described in section 2. 3. Cutting edge defining surface identified from the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool: The cutting edge defining surface can be identified from the theoretical and geometric three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool described in item 1 above, or from the actual three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool after brazing the cutting insert, as described in item 2 above. When the cutting edge defining surface is identified from the theoretical and geometric three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool described in item 1 above, it is desirable to identify multiple measurement points on the cutting edge defining surface derived therefrom and to detect the surface of the cutting tool placed in a position-fixing device at these measurement points using a measuring scanner. This helps to adapt the theoretical cutting edge defining surface to reality. The cutting edge defining surface is adapted so that the scanning data detected by the measuring scanner is located on the cutting edge defining surface. These cutting edge defining surfaces have actual cutting edge data. 4. Post-processed cutting edge defining surface: After the completion of material removal by the method according to the present invention, it is desirable that the cutting edge and the adjacent cutting edge defining surface of the cutting tool correspond to the settings applied to the cutting edge and the cutting edge defining surface within the set tolerance. In this case, the cutting edge has cutting edge target data.

[0015] In the method according to the present invention, a three-dimensional cutting tool surface described in item 1 or item 2 above is set, and based on this, the cutting edge defining surface described in item 3 above is identified. It is assumed that these cutting edge defining surfaces correspond to the actual surface belonging to the cutting tool to be processed, which is tightened within the position fixing device, and have actual cutting edge data. Starting from these cutting edge defining surfaces, the motion device and material removal device are controlled so that material is intentionally removed at the cutting insert. The objective is that the cutting edge defining surfaces thus post-processed satisfy the criteria described in item 4 above and the cutting edge target data after the completion of processing. If the cutting edge defining surfaces satisfy the criteria, the cutting edge also has similarly set criteria.

[0016] The data required for post-processing is automatically identified based on the cutting tool surface, without the need for manual input by the machinist or for the machinist to identify measurement data. This significantly simplifies post-processing. Post-processing is also more accurate because input errors cannot occur.

[0017] The cutting insert may be sized to provide sufficient material in any case before brazing onto the cutting tool body, so that a cutting edge with a set standard can be formed on the cutting tool when material removal is required. In this case, the cutting insert protrudes beyond the cutting tool body and the set cutting tool geometry. In some cases, the cutting edge is formed on the cutting tool only when the method according to the present invention is carried out.

[0018] In order to avoid an undesired collision between the material removal device and the cutting tool, geometric material removal device data including the shape and size of the material removal device are taken into account at the time of specifying the movement trajectory. This can be done using known calculation methods for collision avoidance. In so doing, the set data of the cutting tool and the material removal device are taken into account. Known calculation methods for collision avoidance can be considered. For this, for example, Minkowski addition is useful.

[0019] According to an advantageous configuration of the invention, based on the cutting edge defining surface, it is specified where and by what amount of material must be removed in the cutting insert so that the cutting insert satisfies the set parameters in the region of the cutting edge, taking into account the set tolerances. The movement device and / or the material removal device are controlled such that the material removal device removes this material. These parameters include, for example, the orientation and / or position and / or size and / or curvature of the cutting edge defining surface. For this, target values and tolerances can be set.

[0020] According to another advantageous configuration of the invention, the cutting tool is a rotary cutting tool that is rotated about a geometric cutting tool axis of rotation during its use. The geometric cutting tool axis of rotation corresponds to the axis about which the cutting tool is rotated at its subsequent point of use. Advantageously, the cutting tool formed as a rotary tool is accommodated in a positioning device such that it can be rotated about the geometric cutting tool axis of rotation by a movement device.

[0021] According to another advantageous configuration of the invention, the orientation of the cutting edge defining surface relative to the geometric cutting tool axis of rotation is specified. In this case, it is utilized that the cutting insert usually has a specific orientation relative to the geometric cutting tool axis of rotation. This orientation is a prerequisite for the cutting insert to cause the desired cutting-type material removal at the subsequent point of use of the cutting tool when the cutting tool is rotated about the cutting tool axis of rotation.

[0022] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the position of the cutting edge defining surface relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis is specified. In this case, it is utilized that the cutting insert usually has a specific position in relation to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis.

[0023] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the position of the cutting edge defining surface relative to the end face of the cutting tool is specified. When the cutting tool is formed as a rotary tool that is rotated about the cutting tool rotation axis at the place of use and extends from a first end to a second end along the cutting tool rotation axis, the end face is preferably a surface perpendicular to the cutting tool rotation axis at the first end or the second end of the cutting tool.

[0024] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, a plurality of measurement points are identified on at least one cutting edge defining surface. At these measurement points, the coordinates corresponding to the cutting edge defining surface are detected by a coordinate measuring device in relation to a set coordinate system. The coordinate measuring device may be, for example, a measuring scanner. The coordinate measuring device can detect the coordinates of the cutting edge defining surface assigned to the measurement points by contact or non-contact. When identifying the measurement points, it is utilized that the cutting edge defining surface is derived based on a three-dimensional cutting tool surface, and that the measurement points for scanning can be automatically identified based on the cutting tool surface without user intervention. The relative motion between the coordinate measuring device and the cutting tool can be performed by the motion mechanism of the processing device. This relative motion is performed so that the coordinate measuring device detects the coordinates of the cutting edge defining surface at the set measurement points without the coordinate measuring device contacting or colliding with the cutting tool in an undesirable manner. The coordinate measuring device may be configured as a mechanical measuring scanner that detects the surface of the cutting insert at the measurement points by contact. Alternatively, the coordinate measuring device may detect the coordinates non-contact. In this case, the surface can be detected, for example, optically at the measurement points. Advantageously, at least three measurement points are identified for each measurement insert. Unlike surface scanners, the coordinate measuring device detects the surface of the cutting tool at only a few measurement points on at least one cutting edge defining surface. The coordinate measuring device does not necessarily have to work to detect the entire surface of the cutting tool, as is done with a surface scanner.

[0025] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the cutting edge defining surface is fitted to the cutting edge defining surface, taking into account the detected coordinates of measurement points provided on the cutting edge defining surface, so that these coordinates lie on the fitted cutting edge defining surface. The coordinates are part of the fitted cutting edge defining surface. This allows the cutting edge defining surface to be corrected. For example, a three-dimensional cutting tool surface identified from CAD data or using a surface scan can be modified so that the scanned data lies on the three-dimensional cutting tool surface. This takes into account inaccuracies or differences from the actual surface.

[0026] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the detected coordinates of the measurement points are used to check whether the cutting edge defining surface is curved or flat. For example, if it is found that one of the cutting edge defining surfaces has a curve that leads to undesirable distortion of the cutting edge, the corresponding cutting edge defining surface can be smoothed by post-processing and transformed into a flat surface so that the cutting edge has a set linear extension shape. If the cutting edge defining surface has a curve by setting, more than three measurement points must be set. If the cutting edge also has a curve by setting, the motion device and / or material removal device must be controlled accordingly so that the cutting edge satisfies the curve setting after post-processing.

[0027] According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the coordinate measuring device is moved relative to the cutting tool by a motion device, in which case the coordinates of the measurement point are detected, and this relative motion is performed without collision between the cutting tool and the coordinate measuring device.

[0028] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, motion trajectory However, it extends within a region that protrudes beyond the edge of at least one cutting edge defining surface. This ensures that the material removal device processes the entire cutting edge defining surface.

[0029] According to an advantageous alternative configuration of the invention, a cutting edge defining surface is used to identify the start and end points of material removal on the cutting edge defining surface. Machining of the cutting insert is started at the start point by the material removal device. Machining of the cutting insert is completed at the end point. The start and end points are two spatially determined points on the cutting edge defining surface. Progressive machining of the cutting edge defining surface is performed between the start and end points. Advantageously, the material removal device is motion trajectory You will be guided along the route from the starting point to the ending point.

[0030] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the material removal device includes a laser. Furthermore, the laser beam generated by the laser is intentionally directed toward the surface of the cutting insert. The laser beam generates a high energy density on the surface of the cutting insert such that the material of the cutting insert is locally evaporated or sublimated. Material removal is also called laser ablation or laser evaporation. The material can be removed, for example, in a planar manner in layers within a region. Advantageously, the laser is pulsed.

[0031] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the laser is equipped with an optical deflector. This deflector moves the laser beam relative to the cutting tool, in addition to the motion device. This can result in two motions of the laser beam relative to the cutting tool: a first motion by the motion device and a second motion by the laser deflector. The first and second motions are superimposed. Typically, the optical deflector can achieve higher speeds than the motion device. The optical deflector may be, for example, a laser scanner.

[0032] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the material removal device includes a grinding disc. In this case, material removal is performed by a grinding process.

[0033] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the material removal device removes the material by electrical discharge machining (EDM).

[0034] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the cutting insert is made of an ultrahard material such as polycrystalline diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride (CBN), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond, single-crystal diamond, or ceramics. In the case of a coating, the coating may be applied by CVD. Alternatively, diamond-like amorphous carbon (DLC) can also be used.

[0035] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the three-dimensional cutting tool surface is identified from the defined CAD data of the cutting tool. Due to the computer-aided design and manufacture of a cutting tool with at least one cutting insert, the geometric model of the cutting tool exists as a digital dataset. The CAD data includes this digital dataset. By calculation, the theoretical and geometric three-dimensional cutting tool surface can be identified from the CAD data. Since the CAD data originates from a geometric model, it does not contain inaccuracies resulting from the manufacture of the cutting insert and the brazing of the cutting insert onto the cutting tool body. Therefore, the CAD data does not reflect reality either. For this reason, it may be advantageous to identify measurement points on the surface of the cutting insert, detect the actual cutting edge definition surface by scanning the measurement points using a measuring scanner, and then fit the cutting edge definition surface to this scanning data.

[0036] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, a three-dimensional cutting tool surface is generated using a surface scanner. The surface scanner comprises one or more sensors. These sensors systematically or regularly scan or measure the cutting tool. A large number of individual measurements generate an overall picture of the cutting tool. The measurements detected by the sensors are converted into digital data and processed using a computer. Based on this data, the three-dimensional cutting tool surface can be identified by calculation. The three-dimensional cutting tool surface detected by the surface scanner can reproduce the actual surface of the cutting tool with great accuracy. In this case, it is not necessarily required to determine measurement points on the surface of the cutting insert and to detect the surface at these measurement points using a measuring scanner. Nevertheless, additional scanning using a measuring scanner can be performed for inspection purposes. For example, during such an inspection of the surface of a cutting insert, if the scanning data identified by the measuring scanner is found to be part of the three-dimensional cutting tool surface detected by the surface scanner, there is no need to perform further inspection on the rest of the cutting insert surface. On the other hand, if a difference is found, the inspection can be continued. Such inspections using a measuring scanner are basically useful when the cutting tool surface detected by a surface scanner does not have the required precision.

[0037] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, a grid consisting of sub-faces is placed across the three-dimensional cutting tool surface. For each sub-face, a reference value, such as an orientation relative to the geometrical cutting tool rotation axis, is specified. Based on this, the cutting edge defining surface is identified.

[0038] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the partial face is triangular. Alternatively, the partial face may be quadrilateral or other polygonal.

[0039] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the orientations of two adjacent subsurfaces are compared with each other. Based on this, the cutting edge defining surface is identified. In this case, it is taken advantage of the fact that adjacent subsurfaces having the same or similar orientations belong to the same cutting edge defining surface.

[0040] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, collision-free motion trajectories are identified using Minkowski addition. Alternatively, collision-free motion trajectory A different calculation method can be used to determine this.

[0041] The processing apparatus according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a control device that controls a position fixing device, a motion device, and a material removal device in order to carry out the method according to the present invention.

[0042] According to another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the processing apparatus comprises a coordinate measuring device, which is similarly controlled by a control device.

[0043] Further advantages and favorable configurations of the present invention can be seen from the following description, drawings, and claims.

[0044] The drawings illustrate embodiments of the present invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0045] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a cutting tool processed by the method according to the present invention, and the drawing is based on CAD data. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view of the cutting tool shown in Figure 1, based on data acquired using a surface scanner, and illustrated with triangles. [Figure 3] Figure 2 shows an example using various grayscales. [Figure 4] Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the cutting tool in a perspective view after the completion of post-processing according to the method of the present invention. [Figure 5]Figure 1 shows a diagram illustrating the cutting tool, with the outer geometric shape of the cutting tool marked. [Figure 6] This figure shows the cutting tool shown in Figure 1, along with the motion trajectory of the material removal device. [Figure 7] Figure 1 shows a cutting tool with markings indicating measurement points, where the surface of the cutting insert is scanned by a measuring scanner. [Figure 8] Figures 1 to 7 show a comparison of CAD data related to cutting tools and data acquired by a surface scanner. [Figure 9] This is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of a cutting tool processed by the method according to the present invention, and the drawing is based on CAD data. [Figure 10] Figure 9 is a perspective view showing the cutting tool, based on data acquired using a surface scanner. [Figure 11] This is a partial view of Figure 9. [Figure 12] This is a partial view of Figure 11. [Figure 13] Figures 9 and 10 show a portion of the cutting tool after the completion of post-processing according to the method of the present invention. [Figure 14] This is a diagram showing the processing apparatus used to implement the method. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0046] Description of the Examples Figures 1 to 8 illustrate a first cutting tool processed by the method according to the present invention. The processing apparatus used to perform the processing is shown in Figure 14. Figures 1 and 2 show the cutting tool before processing. Figure 1 corresponds to a diagram of the CAD data of the cutting tool, which is set from the design of the cutting tool using CAD. Figure 2 corresponds to a diagram of the data acquired using a surface scanner. The cutting tool 1 includes a cutting tool body 2 on which a total of six cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 are arranged. This cutting tool is a rotary tool that rotates around a geometric cutting tool rotation axis 6 at the point of use. The cutting tool is not fully illustrated in the drawings. The shank 7, which is useful for housing the cutting tool 1 in a machine not shown, is only partially illustrated for clarity. No cutting inserts are arranged in the parts of the cutting tool not shown. Therefore, processing by this method is not performed in the parts of the cutting tool not shown. The section of the cutting tool 1 on the cutting tool body 2 where the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 are arranged is defined as a three-dimensional cutting tool surface. The three-dimensional cutting tool surface is visible in Figures 1 and 2, at least as far as it faces the observer. The portion of the three-dimensional cutting tool surface facing away from the observer is obscured by the cutting tool body 2 in Figures 1 and 2.

[0047] Cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 are positioned offset with respect to the rotation axis of the cutting tool. Two first cutting inserts 3 are located at one end 8 of the cutting tool. These cutting inserts 3 are positioned in the cutting tool body 2 offset by 180° from each other and inclined at a predetermined angle α with respect to the rotation axis of the cutting tool. Two second cutting inserts 4 are positioned axially with respect to the end 8 and spaced apart from both first cutting inserts 3 with respect to the rotation axis 6 of the cutting tool. These second cutting inserts 4 are housed in the cutting tool body offset axially from the first cutting inserts 3. The angular spacing between the two second cutting inserts is also 180°. Two third cutting inserts 5 are positioned between the two first cutting inserts 3 and the two second cutting inserts 4 with respect to their axial position, and between the two first cutting inserts 3 and the two second cutting inserts 4 with respect to their angular position. In the drawing, only one of the two third cutting inserts 5 is visible because the other third cutting insert 5 is hidden by the cutting tool body 2.

[0048] The first cutting insert 3, the second cutting insert 4, and the third cutting insert 5 are brazed onto the cutting tool body 2. After brazing, the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 initially protrude radially outward beyond the cutting tool body 2. Figures 1 and 2 show the cutting tool after the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 have been brazed. In particular, the portions of the first cutting insert 3 and the second cutting insert 4 that protrude radially beyond the cutting tool body are clearly visible.

[0049] Figure 1 shows a diagram of the cutting tool 1 before processing using this method, and this diagram is based on CAD data. This CAD data is generated based on the computer-aided design of the cutting tool. The three-dimensional cutting tool surface, including the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5, is illustrated.

[0050] Figure 2 shows a diagram of the cutting tool 1 before processing by this method, and this diagram is based on data acquired using a surface scanner. This surface scanner is shown as reference numeral 59 in Figure 14. The surface scanner detects the surface of the cutting tool 1 from all sides in the sections where the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 are located. Based on this, a three-dimensional cutting tool surface, which is important for carrying out this method, is generated. According to Figure 2, the surface of the cutting tool 1 was detected in the sections of the cutting tool 1 that are shown in Figure 1 based on CAD data. The surface scanner generates a large number of surface points. These surface points are connected to each other by lines in Figure 2 so that triangles are formed. Figure 3 shows an alternative diagram based on the same number of surface points as Figure 2, but instead of triangles, it is shown in various shades of gray. The shape of the cutting tool 1 is more clearly visible in Figure 3 than in Figure 2.

[0051] Figure 4 shows a cutting tool 1 equipped with cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5, which meet established criteria regarding the position and extension shape of the cutting edge 10. The cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 protrude significantly less radially outward beyond the cutting tool body 2. For example, it is shown that the cutting edge 10 defines the first cutting edge defining surface 11 and the second cutting edge defining surface 12 based on the second cutting insert 4. The same applies to the first cutting insert 3 and the third cutting insert 5.

[0052] Figure 5 shows the cutting tool 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2, where the outer geometric shape 13 of the cutting tool, defined by the set extended shape of the cutting edges 10 of the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5, is marked by lines in the regions of the first cutting insert 3 and the second cutting insert. From this figure, it can be seen that the regions of the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 that protrude beyond the outer geometric shape 13 of the cutting tool 1 must be removed. In particular, post-processing must be performed on the first cutting edge defining surface 11a and / or the second cutting edge defining surface 12a so that the first cutting edge defining surface 11a and / or the second cutting edge defining surface 12a coincide with the first cutting edge defining surface 11 and the second cutting edge defining surface 12 shown in Figure 4 within tolerance, thereby the cutting edge 10 has the set extended shape.

[0053] To enable machining of cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 in the regions of the cutting edge defining surfaces 11a and 12a, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool 1 is defined based on CAD data shown in Figure 1 or data acquired by a surface scanner shown in Figure 2. The entirety of this defined data is called the three-dimensional cutting tool surface. From this three-dimensional cutting tool surface, the subregions that form the surfaces of the cutting inserts 3, 4, and 5 and are located adjacent to the cutting edge are identified. These subregions are called the cutting edge defining surfaces 11a and 12a. The cutting edge defining surfaces 11a and 12a are determined by comparing the orientation or position of the surface with the cutting tool rotation axis 6 or end face 9 of the cutting tool. For this purpose, the three-dimensional cutting tool surface is divided into a grid consisting of subfaces 14. In the diagram shown in Figure 2, the grid with subfaces 14 corresponds to triangles formed based on the connections of surface points. For each subface 14, its orientation relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis 6 is determined. Alternatively or cumulatively, for each sub-face 14, an orientation relative to the end face 9 of the cutting tool can also be specified. Sub-faces 14 having the same orientation are assigned to one common surface. The cutting edge defining surfaces 11a, 12a differ from other surfaces of the cutting tool 1 by having a set orientation that is fully specified relative to the rotation axis 6 of the cutting tool or the end face 9.

[0054] The cutting edge actual data is identified from the cutting edge defining surface. The cutting edge actual data is related to at least one characteristic of the cutting edge, namely, the cutting edge position relative to the coordinate system relating to the cutting tool, the cutting edge geometry, or the cutting edge extension shape relative to the coordinate system relating to the cutting edge.

[0055] Regarding the cutting tool, cutting edge target data is set. The cutting edge target data is related to a corresponding characteristic from the group of characteristics described above, namely, the cutting edge position, cutting edge geometry, or cutting edge extension shape related to the coordinate system of the cutting tool. The cutting tool illustrated in Figure 4 has this cutting edge target data.

[0056] The actual cutting edge data is compared with the target cutting edge data. Based on this comparison, it is determined whether material must be removed from the detected cutting edge defining surfaces 11a and 12a so that the cutting edge 10 has the target cutting edge data and a defined extending shape with the defined outer geometric shape 13, and how much material must be removed.

[0057] Regarding the processing apparatus 50 shown in Figure 14, material removal apparatus data is set, which includes the shape and size of the material removal apparatus 56.

[0058] Actual cutting edge data and target cutting edge data and comparison and material removal equipment data to Based on this, the material removal device motion trajectory Identify 15. Figure 6 shows this motion trajectory 15 is shown in the first cutting insert 3, the second cutting insert 4, and the third cutting insert 5. motion trajectory 15 extends beyond the cutting edge defining surfaces 11a, 12a, thereby ensuring that the entire cutting edge surfaces 11a, 12a are machined. motion trajectory The material removal device is configured to remove the required amount of material from the cutting insert without colliding with the cutting tool.

[0059] In this embodiment, the processing machine is a laser processing machine as shown in Figure 14. In this case, the material removal device includes a laser. The laser beam of the laser is directed towards the first cutting edge defining surface 11a to remove the material. For this purpose, the laser beam is directed towards the two cutting edge surfaces 11, 12 and the cutting edge shown in Figure 4. 10 Until it is formed, motion trajectory The material is guided along 15 once or multiple times. Alternatively, material removal can be started from the second cutting edge defining surface 12a. In this case, motion trajectory It has a different extended shape than that shown in Figure 6.

[0060] If the three-dimensional cutting tool surface resulting from the CAD data shown in Figure 1 does not adequately reflect reality, or if a check of the three-dimensional cutting tool surface shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, or Figure 3 is desired, measurement points can be identified on at least one cutting edge defining surface 11a, and the coordinates of the cutting edge defining surface at these measurement points are detected by a coordinate measuring device. In this case, three measurement points 16 are identified on the first cutting edge defining surface 11a. Then, the coordinates of the cutting edge defining surface are detected at these three measurement points 16 using an optical or mechanical coordinate measuring device. The measurement data obtained based on this is compared with the cutting edge defining surface 11a at these measurement points 16. If there is a difference, the cutting edge defining surface 11a is correspondingly corrected and adapted so that the coordinates of the measurement points lie on the cutting edge defining surface 11a. Such checks of the cutting edge defining surfaces 11a, 12a can also be performed when the three-dimensional cutting tool surface is identified using a surface scanner as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3. Since the surface scanner has already detected the surface of the actual cutting tool, it is assumed that in this case, the check is only necessary in exceptional cases or for inspection purposes. The coordinate measuring device is illustrated by reference numeral 60 in Figure 14.

[0061] Figure 8 shows a comparison between the three-dimensional cutting tool surface 17 identified using CAD data and the three-dimensional cutting tool surface 18 acquired using a surface scanner. In the light gray area, the three-dimensional cutting tool surface 18 acquired using the surface scanner protrudes from the three-dimensional cutting tool surface 17 identified using CAD data. In the dark gray area, the opposite is true.

[0062] Figures 9 to 13 illustrate a second embodiment of a cutting tool 21 processed by the method according to the present invention. Figures 9 and 10 show the cutting tool 21 before processing. Figure 9 corresponds to a diagram of CAD data for the cutting tool 21, which is set by designing the cutting tool using CAD. Figure 10 corresponds to a diagram of data acquired using a surface scanner. The cutting tool 21 includes a cutting tool body 22 on which a number of cutting inserts 23 are arranged. This cutting tool is a rotary tool that is rotated around a geometric cutting tool rotation axis 26 at the point of use. Unlike the first embodiment of the cutting tool shown in Figures 1 to 8, in the cutting tool 21 of the second embodiment, all cutting inserts 23 are arranged on the cutting tool body 22 in the same axial position relative to the cutting tool rotation axis 26 and in the same orientation relative to the cutting tool rotation axis 26.

[0063] For each cutting insert 23 positioned in the cutting tool body 22, a reference for the extended shape and position of the cutting edge 30 of the cutting insert 23 relative to the cutting tool rotation axis 26 is set as cutting edge target data. This set cutting edge 30 is illustrated in Figure 13. The set cutting edge 30 defines the first cutting edge defining surface 31 and the second cutting edge defining surface 32. The extended shape and position of the cutting edges 30 of all cutting inserts 23 of the cutting tool 21 define the outer geometric shape 33 of the cutting tool 21. This outer geometric shape 33 is marked by lines in Figures 9 and 10.

[0064] To implement the method, the cutting edge defining surfaces 31a and 32a of the cutting insert 23 are identified from the three-dimensional cutting tool surface of the CAD data shown in Figure 9 or the data acquired using the surface scanner shown in Figure 10, and the actual cutting edge data is derived based on these. The actual cutting edge data is compared with the set cutting edge target data. Figures 11 and 12 exemplify the two cutting edge defining surfaces 31a and 32a on one cutting insert 23. Based on the comparison with the settings for the cutting edge 30, the first cutting edge defining surface 31, and the second cutting edge defining surface 32, it becomes clear that material removal must be performed and to what extent. Based on the data acquired at that time, the processing apparatus is controlled so that the corresponding material is removed and the cutting edge 30 satisfies the settings illustrated in Figure 13, in which case collision between the cutting tool and the material removal device is avoided. The geometry and dimensions of the cutting tool and material removal device are taken into consideration. motion trajectory This is determined so that, during relative motion between the cutting tool and the material removal device, the cutting tool and the material removal device do not come too close to each other to the point of undesirable contact.

[0065] The position and orientation of the cutting edge defining surfaces 31a and 32a are determined based on the three-dimensional cutting tool surface, corresponding to the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 8.

[0066] Figure 14 illustrates a processing apparatus 50 for implementing this method. The processing apparatus is a laser processing apparatus. The laser processing apparatus includes a position fixing device 51 for housing and fixing the cutting tool 1, a motion device 53 for moving the cutting tool 1, which is located within the position fixing device, relative to the apparatus base 55, a laser 56 for generating a laser beam 52, and a laser beam deflector 57 for guiding the laser beam 52. In this case, the motion device 53 has three linear axes X, Y, and Z, and two rotation axes B and C. The rotation axis C acts for the rotation of the cutting tool 1, which is located within the workpiece position fixing device 51, about a geometric cutting tool rotation axis extending through the cutting tool. The laser beam deflector 57 moves to guide the laser beam 52 in three different directions in space. The laser beam 52 is moved relative to the cutting tool 1 along a laser path not shown in Figure 14. The control device 58 controls the position fixing device 51, the motion device 53, and the laser beam deflection device 57 in order to carry out a method of machining the workpiece.

[0067] The processing apparatus 50 further includes a surface scanner 59, which detects the surface of the cutting tool 1 placed in the position fixing device 51 and stores the three-dimensional cutting tool surface identified in this case. This three-dimensional cutting tool surface is sent to the control device 58, which identifies the cutting edge defining surface of the cutting insert based on this three-dimensional cutting tool surface, compares it with the settings for the cutting edge, determines the material to be removed based on this comparison, and controls the laser beam to intentionally remove this material from the cutting insert of the cutting tool 1.

[0068] For inspection and checking purposes, the processing apparatus further includes a coordinate measuring device 60 to detect the surface of the cutting tool 1, which is positioned within a position-fixing device, at individual measurement points and assign them to coordinates in a coordinate system. These detected coordinates are then checked to see if they lie on a defined cutting edge surface. If the coordinates do not lie on the defined cutting edge surface, the cutting edge surface is corrected so that the coordinates of the measurement points lie on the adapted cutting edge surface. The coordinate measuring device 60 is controlled and moved to avoid collisions between the cutting tool and the coordinate measuring device. The relative motion between the cutting tool 1 and the coordinate measuring device is performed using a motion device 53.

[0069] All features of the present invention may be important to the invention individually or in any combination thereof. This application relates to the invention described in the claims, but also includes the following other embodiments. 1. A method for processing a cutting tool (1, 21), wherein the cutting tool (1, 21) includes a cutting tool body (2, 22) and at least one cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) attached to the cutting tool body (2, 22) having at least one cutting edge (10, 30), and the processing is performed using a processing device (50), wherein the processing device (50) - A position fixing device (51) that houses and fixes the cutting tools (1, 21), - A material removal device (56) for removing material from the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), - A moving device (53) wherein the moving device (53) moves the cutting tool (1,21) and the material removal device (56), which are housed in the position fixing device (51), relative to each other for the purpose of intentional material removal. In a method having, a) A step of setting cutting edge target data for the cutting edge (10,30), wherein the cutting edge target data includes at least one characteristic from the following group: cutting edge position related to a coordinate system relating to the cutting tool, cutting edge geometric shape, and cutting edge extension shape related to a coordinate system relating to the cutting edge. b) A step of setting geometric material removal device data including the shape and size of the material removal device (56), c) The step of fixing the cutting tools (1, 21) in position within the position fixing device (51), d) A step of setting a three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool (1, 21) located within the position fixing device (51) in a portion of the cutting tool (1, 21) that includes the cutting inserts (3, 4, 5, 23), wherein the surface is defined as a three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17, 18). e) A step of identifying a subregion of the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17,18) that forms one surface of the cutting insert (3,4,5,23) and is located adjacent to the cutting edge (10,30) of the cutting insert (3,4,5,23), wherein the subregion is defined as a cutting edge defining surface (11a,12a,31a,32a). f) A step of identifying actual cutting edge data from the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a), wherein the actual cutting edge data includes at least the characteristics contained in the target cutting edge data. g) A step of comparing the actual cutting edge data with the target cutting edge data, h) As long as the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data is greater than the set tolerance, i) When the cutting tool (1, 21) and the material removal device (56) move relative to each other, and simultaneously the material removal device (56) removes material from the cutting tool (1, 21), the cutting edge (10, 30) having the target cutting edge data is formed within the set tolerance, and collisions between the cutting tool (1, 21) and the material removal device (56) are eliminated, the step of determining the motion trajectory (15) of the motion device (53) based on the set material removal device data and the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data, j) A method characterized by comprising the step of controlling the material removal device (56) and the motion device (56) based on a determined motion trajectory to cause the material removal device (56) to perform a corresponding relative motion while simultaneously removing material from the cutting inserts (3, 4, 5, 23). 2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the cutting tool (1,21) is a rotary cutting tool that can be rotated about a geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6,26) when in use. 3. The method of the second above, characterized by specifying the orientation of the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6, 26). 4. The method of 2 or 3 described above, characterized by identifying the position of the cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6, 26). 5. One of the methods 1 to 4 described above, characterized in that a plurality of measurement points (16) are identified on at least one cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a), and when the cutting tool (1) is positioned within the position fixing device (51), the coordinates corresponding to the cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are detected at the measurement points (16) by a coordinate measuring device (60) in relation to a set coordinate system. 6. The method of claim 5, characterized in that the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are fitted to the measurement points while taking into account the coordinates of the measurement points obtained by the coordinate measuring device (60), so that the detected coordinates of the measurement points lie on the fitted cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a). 7. The method of 5 or 6 described above, characterized by checking whether the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are curved or flat based on scanning data acquired during scanning. 8. The method according to any one of the above 5 to 7, characterized in that the coordinate measuring device (60) is moved relative to the cutting tool (1, 21) by the motion device (53), in which case the coordinates of the measurement point (16) are detected, and the relative motion is performed without collision between the cutting tool (1, 21) and the coordinate measuring device (60). 9. The method according to any one of the above 1 to 8, characterized in that the machining trajectory (15) extends into a region that protrudes beyond the edge of at least one cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a). 10. A method from any one of the above 1 to 9, characterized in that the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are used to identify the start and end points of material removal on the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a). 11. The method according to any one of the above 1 to 10, characterized in that the material removal apparatus is equipped with a laser (56), and the material removal is performed using the laser (56). 12. The method of 10, characterized in that the laser beam (52) of the laser (56) is moved relative to the cutting tools (2, 21) by an optical laser beam deflection device (57), and this movement is superimposed on the movement of the cutting tools (1, 21) caused by the motion device (53). 13. The method according to any one of the above 1 to 10, characterized in that the material removal device is equipped with a grinding disc, and the material removal is performed by the grinding disc. 14. A method from any one of the above 1 to 9, characterized in that the material removal is performed by electrical discharge machining (EDM). 15. The method according to any one of the above 1 to 14, characterized in that the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) is made of an ultrahard material such as polycrystalline diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride (CBN), diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), single-crystal diamond, or ceramics. 16. One of the methods described in 1 to 15 above, characterized in that the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17) is identified from the set CAD data of the cutting tool (1, 21). 17. One of the methods described in 1 to 16 above, characterized in that the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (18) is generated using a surface scanner (59) that scans the surface of the cutting tool. 18. A method from 1 to 17 described above, characterized in that a grid consisting of partial faces (14) is placed over the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17, 18), an orientation relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6, 26) is specified for each partial face (14), and the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are specified based on this. 19. The method of 18, characterized in that the partial surface (14) is triangular. 20. The method of 18 or 19, characterized by comparing the orientations of two adjacent subsurfaces (14) with each other and identifying the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) based on this. 21. A method from any one of the above 1 to 20, characterized by identifying collision-free motion trajectories using Minkowski addition. 22. A processing apparatus for processing cutting tools (1, 21), wherein the cutting tool (1, 21) comprises a cutting tool body (2, 22) and at least one cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) attached to the cutting tool body (2, 22) having at least one cutting edge (10, 30), and the processing apparatus (50) is, A position fixing device (51) that houses and fixes the cutting tools (1, 21), A material removal device (56) for removing material from the surface of the cutting tool (1,21), In a processing apparatus having a motion device (53) which moves the cutting tools (1,21) and the material removal device (56) housed in the position fixing device (51) relative to each other for the purpose of intentional material removal, A processing apparatus characterized in that the processing apparatus (50) includes a control device (58), the control device (58) is configured to control the position fixing device (51), the motion device (53), and the material removal device (56) so that the position fixing device (51), the motion device (53), and the material removal device (56) perform any one of the methods 1 to 21 above on the cutting tool (1, 21). 23. The processing apparatus of 22, wherein the material removal apparatus is equipped with a laser (56), and the laser (56) removes material from the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) by laser processing of the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a). 24. The processing apparatus of 22, wherein the material removal apparatus comprises at least one grinding disc, and the grinding disc removes the material by cutting through grinding on the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a). 25. The processing apparatus of 22, characterized in that the material removal device is configured to remove material from the cutting edge defining surface by electrical discharge machining (EDM). 26. The processing apparatus is equipped with a surface scanner (59), and the surface scanner (59) detects the surface of the cutting tool (1,21) in at least the portion of the cutting tool (1,2) that includes the cutting insert (3,4,5,23), as one of the processing apparatuses described in 22 to 25 above. 27. The processing apparatus is equipped with a coordinate measuring device (60), and the coordinate measuring device (60) is characterized in that it detects the coordinates of the surface of the cutting tool in relation to a set coordinate system at a specified measurement point (16) on the surface of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23). [Explanation of symbols]

[0070] 1 cutting tool 2 Cutting tool body 3. First cutting insert 4. Second cutting insert 5. Third cutting insert 6. Cutting tool rotation axis 7 Shank 8 End 9 End face 10 Cutting Edges 11. First cutting edge defined surface after processing 11a First cutting edge defining surface before processing 12. Second cutting edge defined surface after processing 12a Second cutting edge defining surface before processing 13. Geometric shape of the outside of the cutting tool 14 Partial surface 15 Material removal device motion trajectory 16 measurement points 17. Three-dimensional cutting tool surface identified using CAD data. 18. Three-dimensional cutting tool surface identified using a surface scanner. 21 Cutting tools 22 Cutting tool body 23 Cutting Inserts 26. Cutting tool rotation axis 30 Cutting Edges 31 First cutting edge defined surface after processing 31a First cutting edge defining surface before processing 32 Second cutting edge defining surface after processing 32a Second cutting edge defining surface before processing 33. Geometric shape of the outside of the cutting tool 50 Processing equipment 51 Position fixing device 52 laser beams 53 Exercise equipment 55 Device base 56 Lasers 57 Laser beam deflector 58 Control device 59 Surface scanner 60 Coordinate measuring device

Claims

1. A method for processing a cutting tool (1, 21), wherein the cutting tool (1, 21) includes a cutting tool body (2, 22) and at least one cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) attached to the cutting tool body (2, 22) and having at least one cutting edge (10, 30), and the processing is performed using a processing device (50), wherein the processing device (50) - A position fixing device (51) that houses and fixes the cutting tools (1, 21), - A material removal device (56) for removing material from the cutting inserts (3, 4, 5, 23), - A motion device (53) wherein the motion device (53) moves the cutting tools (1, 21) and the material removal device (56), which are housed in the position fixing device (51), relative to each other for the purpose of intentional material removal. In a method having, a) A step of setting cutting edge target data for the cutting edges (10, 30), wherein the cutting edge target data includes at least one characteristic from the following group: cutting edge position related to a coordinate system relating to the cutting tool, cutting edge geometric shape, and cutting edge extension shape related to a coordinate system relating to the cutting edge. b) A step of setting geometric material removal device data including the shape and size of the material removal device (56), c) The step of fixing the cutting tools (1, 21) in position within the position fixing device (51), d) A step of setting a three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool (1, 21) located within the position fixing device (51) in a portion of the cutting tool (1, 21) that includes the cutting inserts (3, 4, 5, 23), wherein the surface is defined as a three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17, 18). e) A step of identifying a subregion of the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17, 18) that forms one surface of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) and is located adjacent to the cutting edge (10, 30) of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), wherein the subregion is defined as a cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a). f) A step of identifying actual cutting edge data from the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a), wherein the actual cutting edge data includes at least the characteristics included in the target cutting edge data. g) A step of comparing the actual cutting edge data with the target cutting edge data, h) As long as the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data is greater than the set tolerance, i) When the cutting tool (1, 21) and the material removal device (56) move relative to each other, and simultaneously the material removal device (56) removes material from the cutting tool (1, 21), the cutting edge (10, 30) having the target cutting edge data is formed within the set tolerance, and collisions between the cutting tool (1, 21) and the material removal device (56) are eliminated, the step of determining the motion trajectory (15) of the motion device (53) based on the set material removal device data and the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data, j) Based on the determined motion trajectory, the material removal device (56) and the motion device (53) are controlled to perform the corresponding relative motion while the material removal device (56) simultaneously removes material from the cutting inserts (3, 4, 5, 23). A method characterized by having the following.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting tool (1, 21) is a rotary cutting tool that can be rotated about a geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6, 26) when in use.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the orientation of the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6, 26) is specified.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the positions of the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6, 26) are determined.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a plurality of measurement points (16) are identified on at least one cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a), and when the cutting tool (1) is positioned in the position fixing device (51), the coordinates corresponding to the cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are detected at the measurement points (16) by a coordinate measuring device (60) in relation to a set coordinate system.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are fitted to the measurement points while taking into account the coordinates of the measurement points obtained by the coordinate measuring device (60), so that the detected coordinates of the measurement points lie on the fitted cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, based on scanning data acquired during scanning, it is checked whether the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are curved or flat.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the coordinate measuring device (60) is moved relative to the cutting tools (1, 21) by the motion device (53), in which case the coordinates of the measurement point (16) are detected, and the relative motion is performed without collision between the cutting tools (1, 21) and the coordinate measuring device (60).

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the motion trajectory (15) extends into a region that protrudes beyond the edge of at least one cutting edge defining surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are used to identify the start and end points of material removal on the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the material removal device is equipped with a laser (56), and the material removal is performed using the laser (56).

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the laser beam (52) of the laser (56) is moved relative to the cutting tools (1, 21) by an optical laser beam deflection device (57), and this movement is superimposed on the movement of the cutting tools (1, 21) caused by the motion device (53).

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the material removal device comprises a grinding disc, and the material removal is performed by the grinding disc.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the material removal is performed by electrical discharge machining (EDM).

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cutting inserts (3, 4, 5, 23) are made of an ultrahard material such as polycrystalline diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride (CBN), diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), single-crystal diamond, or ceramics.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17) is identified from the set CAD data of the cutting tools (1, 21).

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (18) is generated using a surface scanner (59) that scans the surface of the cutting tool.

18. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a grid consisting of partial surfaces (14) is placed over the three-dimensional cutting tool surface (17, 18), an orientation relative to the geometric cutting tool rotation axis (6, 26) is specified for each partial surface (14), and the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are specified based on this.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the partial surface (14) is triangular.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized by comparing the orientations of two adjacent subsurfaces (14) with each other and identifying the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) based thereon.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a collision-free motion trajectory is identified using Minkowski addition.

22. A processing apparatus for processing cutting tools (1, 21), wherein the cutting tools (1, 21) include a cutting tool body (2, 22) and at least one cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) attached to the cutting tool body (2, 22) and having at least one cutting edge (10, 30), and the processing apparatus (50) is, A position fixing device (51) that houses and fixes the cutting tools (1, 21), A material removal device (56) for removing material from the surface of the cutting tool (1, 21), In a processing apparatus having a motion device (53) which moves the cutting tools (1, 21) and the material removal device (56), housed in the position fixing device (51), relative to each other for the purpose of intentional material removal, A processing apparatus characterized in that the processing apparatus (50) includes a control device (58), the control device (58) is configured to control the position fixing device (51), the motion device (53), and the material removal device (56) so that the position fixing device (51), the motion device (53), and the material removal device (56) carry out the method described in any one of claims 1 to 3 on the cutting tool (1, 21).

23. The processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the material removal apparatus is equipped with a laser (56), and the laser (56) removes material from the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) by laser processing of the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

24. The processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the material removal apparatus comprises at least one grinding disc, and the grinding disc removes the material by cutting through grinding on the cutting edge defining surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

25. The processing apparatus according to claim 22, characterized in that the material removal device is configured to remove material from the cutting edge defining surface by electrical discharge machining (EDM).

26. The processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the processing apparatus is equipped with a surface scanner (59), and the surface scanner (59) detects the surface of the cutting tool (1, 21) in at least the portion of the cutting tool (1, 21) that includes the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23).

27. The processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the processing apparatus is equipped with a coordinate measuring device (60), and the coordinate measuring device (60) detects the coordinates of the surface of the cutting tool in relation to a set coordinate system at a specified measurement point (16) on the surface of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23).

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