Vehicle window glass

Abstract

This reduces the impact of the sensor pattern used to detect cracks in the glass plate on the antenna's reception performance. [Solution] A vehicle window glass comprising a glass plate, an antenna, and a sensor pattern, wherein the antenna includes a power supply terminal, an antenna pattern, a ground terminal, and a ground pattern, the ground terminal is located below the power supply terminal, the sensor pattern is located below the ground terminal, the ground pattern includes a ground element extending below the ground terminal, the sensor pattern is located between a first horizontal line passing through the top of the ground pattern and a second horizontal line passing through the bottom of the ground pattern, and is located between the ground element and the flange portion of the vehicle body flange to which the glass plate is attached, and the ground pattern has an open end located below a third horizontal line intersecting the ground element, the sensor pattern, and the flange portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a window glass for vehicles.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a vehicle window glass plate provided with an antenna pattern for wireless communication such as broadcast reception and a sensor pattern for detecting glass plate breakage is known (see, for example, FIG. 6 of Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in the conventional technology, noise and the like radiated from the sensor pattern for detecting cracks in the glass plate may affect the reception performance of the antenna. For example, even when trying to receive a desired broadcast wave, there may be a situation where the voice due to the broadcast wave cannot be heard and only noise can be heard, or a situation where no image appears on the screen and viewing is impossible.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a vehicle window glass capable of reducing the influence of a sensor pattern for detecting cracks in a glass plate on the reception performance of an antenna.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The vehicle window glass according to the first aspect is a glass plate, an antenna provided on the glass plate, and a sensor pattern provided on the glass plate for detecting cracks in the glass plate, and includes The antenna includes a power supply terminal for supplying power, an antenna pattern electrically connected to the power supply terminal, a ground terminal for grounding, and a ground pattern electrically connected to the ground terminal. The ground terminal is located below the power supply terminal. The sensor pattern is located below the ground terminal. The ground pattern includes a first ground element that extends downward from the ground terminal. The sensor pattern is located between a first horizontal line passing through the top of the ground pattern and a second horizontal line passing through the bottom of the ground pattern, and between the first ground element and the first flange portion of the vehicle body flange to which the glass plate is attached that is closest to the sensor pattern. The ground pattern has a first open end located below a third horizontal line that intersects the first ground element, the sensor pattern, and the first flange portion.

[0007] The vehicle window glass of the second embodiment is a vehicle window glass of the first embodiment, The sensor pattern may include a first terminal, a second terminal located below the first terminal, and a sensor element that electrically connects the first terminal and the second terminal. The first open end may be located below the third horizontal line that intersects the sensor pattern between the first terminal and the second terminal.

[0008] The third embodiment of the vehicle window glass is a vehicle window glass of the first or second embodiment, The shortest distance between the ground pattern and the sensor pattern may be 25 mm or more.

[0009] The fourth embodiment of the vehicle window glass is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to third embodiments, The aforementioned antenna may receive radio waves in the first frequency band. When λ1 is the wavelength of the radio wave in air at the center frequency of the first frequency band, and k is the wavelength shortening factor due to the glass plate, The length of the ground pattern from the ground terminal to the first open end may be 0.5 × (λ¹ / ²) × k or more and 1.2 × (λ¹ / ²) × k or less.

[0010] The vehicle window glass of the fifth embodiment is a vehicle window glass of the fourth embodiment, The first frequency band may be between 174 MHz and 240 MHz.

[0011] The sixth embodiment of the vehicle window glass is a vehicle window glass of any one embodiment from the first to fifth, The uppermost part may be the uppermost part of the first earth element.

[0012] The seventh embodiment of the vehicle window glass is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to sixth embodiments, The lowest part may be the lowest part of the first earth element.

[0013] The eighth embodiment of the vehicle window glass is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to seventh embodiments, The ground pattern may include a second ground element that extends on the side of the sensor pattern relative to the first ground element. The first open end may also be the open end of the second earth element.

[0014] The vehicle window glass of the ninth embodiment is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to seventh embodiments, The ground pattern may include a second ground element that extends on the side opposite to the side where the sensor pattern is located relative to the first ground element. The first open end may also be the open end of the second earth element.

[0015] The vehicle window glass of the 10th embodiment is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to 9 embodiments, The first open end may be the lowermost end of the ground pattern.

[0016] The vehicle window glass according to the 11th aspect is the vehicle window glass according to any one of the 1st to 10th aspects, The ground pattern may include an L-shaped element that electrically connects between the ground terminal and the first ground element.

[0017] The vehicle window glass according to the 12th aspect is the vehicle window glass according to any one of the 1st to 11th aspects, The antenna may receive radio waves in the second frequency band, [[ID=十五]]When λ2 is the wavelength of radio waves in air at the center frequency of the second frequency band and k is the wavelength shortening rate by the glass plate, The length of the antenna pattern from the power supply terminal to the second open end of the antenna pattern may be not less than 0.7×(λ2 / 4)×k and not more than 1.8×(λ2 / 2)×k.

[0018] The vehicle window glass according to the 13th aspect is the vehicle window glass according to the 12th aspect, The second frequency band may be not less than473 MHz and not more than 707 MHz.

[0019] The vehicle window glass according to the 14th aspect is the vehicle window glass according to any one of the 1st to 13th aspects, The antenna may receive radio waves of both terrestrial digital television broadcasts and DAB Band III.

[0020] The vehicle window glass according to the 15th aspect is the vehicle window glass according to any one of the 1st to 14th aspects, The antenna pattern may include a first antenna element extending in the horizontal direction.

[0021] The vehicle window glass according to the 16th aspect is the vehicle window glass according to the 15th aspect, The antenna pattern may include an L-shaped element that electrically connects the power supply terminal and the first antenna element.

[0022] The vehicle window glass of the 17th embodiment is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to 16 embodiments, The antenna pattern may be located above the third horizontal line.

[0023] The vehicle window glass of the 18th embodiment is a vehicle window glass of the 17th embodiment, The antenna pattern may be located above the first horizontal line.

[0024] The vehicle window glass of the 19th embodiment is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to 18 embodiments, The first horizontal line intersects the body flange at a first intersection point on the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located, and intersects the body flange at a fourth intersection point on the side opposite to the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located. The second horizontal line intersects the body flange at a second intersection point on the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located, and intersects the body flange at a fifth intersection point on the side opposite to the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located. The third horizontal line intersects the body flange at a third intersection point on the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located, and intersects the body flange at a sixth intersection point on the side opposite to the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located. The horizontal distance between the fourth intersection and the first earth element may be longer than the horizontal distance between the first intersection and the first earth element. The horizontal distance between the fifth intersection and the first earth element may be longer than the horizontal distance between the second intersection and the first earth element. The horizontal distance between the sixth intersection and the first earth element may be longer than the horizontal distance between the third intersection and the first earth element.

[0025] The vehicle window glass of the 20th embodiment is a vehicle window glass of any one of the first to 19 embodiments, The glass plate has a light-shielding layer that includes a first light-shielding region where the light-shielding film is formed without gaps and a second light-shielding region where the light-shielding film is formed sparsely. When the region without the light-shielding layer is defined as a transparent region, The antenna pattern or the ground pattern may include elements perpendicular to the first boundary line between the first light-shielding region and the second light-shielding region and the second boundary line between the second light-shielding region and the transparent region. [Effects of the Invention]

[0026] According to this disclosure, the impact of the sensor pattern for detecting cracks in the glass plate on the antenna's receiving performance can be reduced. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0027] [Figure 1] This is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] This is an enlarged plan view of a glass plate with a light-shielding layer. [Figure 3] This is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the second embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the third embodiment. [Figure 5] This is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 6] This is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the fifth embodiment. [Figure 7] This figure shows an example of the frequency characteristics of the gain measured in the DAB Band III frequency band. [Figure 8] This figure shows an example of the results of measuring the frequency characteristics of gain in the bandwidth of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves. [Figure 9] This figure shows an example of the results of measuring the isolation characteristics between the antenna and the sensor pattern in the DAB Band III bandwidth. [Figure 10] This figure shows an example of the results of measuring the isolation characteristics between an antenna and a sensor pattern in the bandwidth of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] The embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that, for ease of understanding, the scale of the parts in the drawings may differ from the actual scale. Directions such as parallel, right angles, orthogonal, horizontal, vertical, up, down, left, and right, as well as terms such as identical and equal, may have deviations that do not impair the function and effect of the embodiments. The shape of the corners is not limited to right angles; they may be rounded in an arc shape. "Overlapping" may include the meaning of partial overlap. "Transparent" may include translucency.

[0029] The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions represent directions parallel to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions are mutually orthogonal. The XY plane, YZ plane, and ZX plane represent virtual planes parallel to the X-axis and Y-axis, virtual planes parallel to the Y-axis and Z-axis, and virtual planes parallel to the Z-axis and X-axis, respectively.

[0030] Examples of vehicle windows in this disclosure include side windows mounted on the sides of a vehicle and rear windows mounted on the rear of a vehicle. Vehicle windows in this disclosure may also include windshields mounted on the front of a vehicle and roof windows mounted on the roof of a vehicle. Vehicle windows are not limited to these examples, and may include, for example, window glass in which the roof window is integrated with either or both of the windshield or rear window.

[0031] Figure 1 is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the first embodiment. Figure 1 shows a window glass 101 attached to the vehicle body flange 2 as viewed from inside the vehicle. Figure 1 exemplifies a window glass 101 used for a side window (more specifically, a quarter window glass) attached to the right side of the vehicle. The X-axis direction is parallel to the horizontal plane. The positive side of the Z-axis direction is the inside of the vehicle. The negative side of the Z-axis direction is the outside of the vehicle.

[0032] The body flange 2 is an example of a metal part of the vehicle and is a conductive part that can be considered as a ground reference. The body flange 2 is, for example, a window frame (flange) to which the window glass 101 is attached with an adhesive containing urethane resin or the like. The window glass 101 is attached to the body flange 2 so as to cover an opening surrounded by the body flange 2 provided on the vehicle body. The body flange 2 has a shape that surrounds the entire circumference of the opening, but it may have a notch in part of its shape.

[0033] Window glass 101 is an example of a vehicle window glass. Window glass 101 is a single-pane window glass primarily comprising a glass plate 1, an antenna 201, and a sensor pattern 7. A single-pane window glass refers to a window glass composed of only one glass plate (in this example, glass plate 1).

[0034] The glass plate 1 is attached to the body flange 2 so as to cover the opening on the inside of the body flange 2. The glass plate 1 is a plate-shaped dielectric having a main surface 1a facing the positive side in the Z-axis direction and a main surface 1b facing the opposite side of the main surface 1a in the Z-axis direction (the negative side in the Z-axis direction). The glass plate 1 is a transparent dielectric plate that transmits visible light. The main surface 1a is the surface on the inside of the vehicle, and the main surface 1b is the surface on the outside of the vehicle.

[0035] The antenna 201 is provided on the glass plate 1. For example, the antenna 201 is provided on the main surface 1a on the vehicle side of the glass plate 1. The antenna 201 includes a power supply terminal 5 for supplying power, an antenna pattern 10 electrically connected to the power supply terminal 5, a ground terminal 6 for grounding, and a ground pattern 20 electrically connected to the ground terminal 6. The antenna 201 is a bipolar glass antenna with the power supply terminal 5 and the ground terminal 6 as electrodes. The power supply terminal 5 and the ground terminal 6 are arranged, for example, along the body flange 2.

[0036] The power supply terminal 5 is a terminal for supplying power to the antenna pattern 10 and is provided on the glass plate 1. The power supply terminal 5 is located above the ground terminal 6. The power supply terminal 5 is, for example, an electrode formed on the main surface 1a of the glass plate 1. The shape of the power supply terminal 5 is not limited to a rectangle and may be other shapes such as a circle. A power supply member (not shown) for supplying power to the antenna pattern 10 is electrically connected to the power supply terminal 5. The power supply terminal 5 is electrically connected to a receiver (not shown) mounted on the vehicle via a power supply member (not shown), such as wiring.

[0037] The antenna pattern 10 is a conductor formed so that the antenna 201 can receive radio waves in at least one predetermined frequency band, and is provided on the glass plate 1. In Figure 1, the antenna pattern 10 is a linear conductor including an L-shaped element 11 and a first antenna element 12.

[0038] The L-shaped element 11 electrically connects the feed terminal 5 and the first antenna element 12. The L-shaped element 11 includes a sub-element 11a electrically connected to the feed terminal 5 and a sub-element 11b electrically connected to sub-element 11a. Sub-element 11a extends upward from the feed terminal 5. Sub-element 11b extends downward from the upper end of sub-element 11a.

[0039] The first antenna element 12 is electrically connected to the sub-element 11b and extends from the sub-element 11b to the open end 12a in a negative X-axis direction parallel to the horizontal.

[0040] The ground terminal 6 is a ground terminal for grounding the ground pattern 20 and is provided on the glass plate 1. The ground terminal 6 is located below the power supply terminal 5. The ground terminal 6 is, for example, an electrode formed on the main surface 1a of the glass plate 1. The shape of the ground terminal 6 is not limited to a rectangle and may be other shapes such as a circle. An earthing member (not shown) for grounding the ground pattern 20 is electrically connected to the ground terminal 6. The ground terminal 6 is electrically connected to the vehicle body (e.g., body flange 2) via an earthing member (not shown), such as wiring.

[0041] The ground pattern 20 is a conductor formed to enable the antenna 201 to receive radio waves in at least one predetermined frequency band, and is provided on the glass plate 1. In Figure 1, the ground pattern 20 is a linear conductor including an L-shaped element 21, a first ground element 22, and a second ground element 23.

[0042] The L-shaped element 21 electrically connects the ground terminal 6 and the first ground element 22. The L-shaped element 21 includes a sub-element 21a electrically connected to the ground terminal 6 and a sub-element 21b electrically connected to sub-element 21a. Sub-element 21a extends downward from the ground terminal 6. Sub-element 21b extends upward from the lower end of sub-element 21a.

[0043] The first earth element 22 is electrically connected to the sub-element 21b and extends downward below the earth terminal 6. The first earth element 22 extends in the negative Y-axis direction from end 22a to end 22b.

[0044] The second earth element 23 extends on the side of the first earth element 22 where the sensor pattern 7 is located. The second earth element 23 extends from end 22b to open end 23a in the positive X-axis direction parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0045] The sensor pattern 7 is a conductor for detecting cracks in the glass plate 1 and is provided on the glass plate 1. The sensor pattern 7 is located below the ground terminal 6. The sensor pattern 7 runs along the first flange portion 2a, which is part of the body flange 2. In Figure 1, the sensor pattern 7 includes the first terminal 7a, the second terminal 7b, and the sensor element 7c.

[0046] The first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b are terminals for detecting cracks in the glass plate 1 and are provided on the glass plate 1. The second terminal 7b is located below the first terminal 7a. The first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b are electrodes formed on the main surface 1a of the glass plate 1, for example. The shapes of the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b are not limited to rectangles, but may be other shapes such as circles. A detection circuit (not shown) for detecting cracks in the glass plate 1 is electrically connected to the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b.

[0047] The sensor element 7c is a conductor that electrically connects the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b, and is provided on the glass plate 1. In Figure 1, the sensor element 7c is a semi-loop-shaped linear conductor. However, the shape of the sensor element 7c may be other shapes, such as a straight line.

[0048] When the sensor element 7c is disconnected due to a crack in the glass plate 1, the magnitude of the signal generated between the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b changes. A detection circuit (not shown) electrically connected to the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b detects the crack in the glass plate 1 by detecting this change in signal magnitude.

[0049] The sensor pattern 7 may be mounted, for example, on the left and right side windows and the rear window of the vehicle. The sensor patterns 7 mounted on the left side window, right side window, and rear window may be connected in series so that a weak DC current or signal is supplied when the vehicle is parked or the engine is off. For example, if someone tries to steal luggage or other items from inside the car by breaking one of the windows, the sensor pattern 7 will be disconnected, interrupting the supply of DC current or signal. A detection circuit (not shown) electrically connected to the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b will detect this interruption of power supply and take action such as sounding a warning to deter theft.

[0050] If the side and rear windows are made of tempered glass, when the tempered glass breaks, the fragments are small. Tempered glass is manufactured by firing and cooling in a way that minimizes the size of the fragments when it breaks. This is to minimize injuries such as cuts caused by glass fragments. Taking advantage of this phenomenon, the shape and length of the sensor pattern 7 are formed so that the wire breaks when the glass breaks.

[0051] Sensor pattern 7 is located between a first horizontal line H1 passing through the top of the ground pattern 20 (end 22a in Figure 1) and a second horizontal line H2 passing through the bottom of the ground pattern 20 (end 22b in Figure 1). End 22a is the top of the first ground element 22. End 22b is the bottom of the first ground element 22. The first horizontal line H1 and the second horizontal line H2 are imaginary lines parallel to each other horizontally. The second horizontal line H2 extends horizontally below the first horizontal line H1.

[0052] The sensor pattern 7 is located between the first earth element 22 and the first flange portion 2a. The first flange portion 2a is the flange portion of the body flange 2 that is closest to the sensor pattern 7.

[0053] For example, the first flange portion 2a is the flange portion from the first intersection c1 to the second intersection c2. The first intersection c1 is a hypothetical point in a plan view of the glass plate 1 where the first horizontal line H1 intersects the body flange 2 on the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located relative to the first earth element 22. The second intersection c2 is a hypothetical point in a plan view of the glass plate 1 where the second horizontal line H2 intersects the body flange 2 on the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located relative to the first earth element 22.

[0054] In the first embodiment, the sensor pattern 7 is located between the first horizontal line H1 and the second horizontal line H2, and between the first earth element 22 and the first flange portion 2a, and is therefore substantially surrounded by the earth pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a. The earth pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a are grounded. Therefore, by positioning the sensor pattern 7 in a location surrounded by these grounded parts, the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 201, such as gain, is reduced.

[0055] The ground pattern 20 has an open end 23a located below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the first ground element 22, the sensor pattern 7, and the first flange portion 2a. In Figure 1, the open end 23a is the open end of the second ground element 23 and is the end of the ground pattern 20 that is closest to the sensor pattern 7. The open end 23a is an example of the first open end.

[0056] By positioning the open end 23a of the ground pattern 20 below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the sensor pattern 7, the area surrounding the sensor pattern 7 from below by the ground pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a can be expanded. Therefore, the effect of reducing the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 201, such as gain, is enhanced.

[0057] In Figure 1, the third horizontal line H3 intersects the sensor pattern 7 (in this example, the sensor element 7c) between the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b. The open end 23a is located below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the sensor pattern 7 between the first terminal 7a and the second terminal 7b, thereby expanding the area in which the sensor pattern 7 is enclosed from below by the ground pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a. Consequently, the effect of reducing the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 201, such as gain, is enhanced.

[0058] Although not explicitly shown in Figure 1, the third horizontal line H3 may also be a virtual line intersecting the second terminal 7b. By positioning the open end 23a below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the second terminal 7b, the effect of reducing the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 201, such as gain, is enhanced, similar to the above.

[0059] The shortest distance A between the ground pattern 20 and the sensor pattern 7 is preferably 25 mm or more, more preferably 35 mm or more, and even more preferably 45 mm or more, in order to reduce the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 201. In Figure 1, the part of the ground pattern 20 closest to the sensor pattern 7 is the open end 23a of the second ground element 23, so it is preferable that the shortest distance A between the open end 23a and the sensor pattern 7 be 25 mm or more.

[0060] Antenna 201 is configured to receive radio waves in the first frequency band W1. The first frequency band W1 is, for example, the VHF (Very High Frequency) band with frequencies from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Specific examples of frequency bands included in the VHF band are the FM broadcast wave band (e.g., 76 MHz to 108 MHz) and the DAB broadcast wave band (e.g., the DAB Band III band from 174 MHz to 240 MHz).

[0061] Let λ1 be the wavelength of the radio wave in the air at the center frequency of the first frequency band W1, k be the wavelength shortening factor due to the glass plate 1, and L20 be the length (pattern length) of the ground pattern 20 from the ground terminal 6 to the open end 23a. In this case, if the length L20 is between "0.5 × (λ¹ / ²) × k" and "1.2 × (λ¹ / ²) × k", the gain (antenna gain) of the antenna 201 in the first frequency band W1 will be improved.

[0062] For example, if the first frequency band W1 is the DAB Band III bandwidth (174MHz to 240MHz), its center frequency is 207MHz. Therefore, if k is 0.64, the gain of antenna 201 in the DAB Band III bandwidth will improve if the length L2 is "232mm or more and 556mm or less".

[0063] In terms of improving the gain of antenna 201 in the first frequency band W1, the length L20 is preferably "0.6 × (λ¹ / ²) × k or more and 1.1 × (λ¹ / ²) × k or less", and more preferably "0.7 × (λ¹ / ²) × k or more and 1.0 × (λ¹ / ²) × k or less".

[0064] Antenna 201 may be configured to receive radio waves in a second frequency band W2, which is different from the first frequency band W1. The second frequency band W2 is, for example, the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band with frequencies from 300 MHz to 3 GHz. Specific examples of frequency bands included in the UHF band include the band used for terrestrial digital television broadcasts (e.g., 470 MHz to 707 MHz).

[0065] Let λ2 be the wavelength of the radio wave in the air at the center frequency of the second frequency band W2, k be the wavelength shortening factor due to the glass plate 1, and L10 be the length of the antenna pattern 10 from the feed terminal 5 to the open end 12a (pattern length). The open end 12a is an example of the second open end of the antenna pattern. In this case, if the length L10 of the antenna pattern 10 from the feed terminal 5 to the open end 12a is between "0.7 × (λ2 / 4) × k" and "1.8 × (λ2 / 2) × k", the gain of the antenna 201 in the second frequency band W2 (antenna gain) will improve.

[0066] For example, if the second frequency band W2 is the bandwidth of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves (470MHz to 707MHz), its center frequency is 590MHz. Therefore, if k is 0.64, the gain of antenna 201 in the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave bandwidth will be improved if the length L10 is "57mm or more and 292mm or less".

[0067] In terms of improving the gain of antenna 201 in the second frequency band W2, the length L10 is preferably "0.8 × (λ² / 4) × k or more and 1.7 × (λ² / 2) × k or less", and more preferably "0.9 × (λ² / 4) × k or more and 1.6 × (λ² / 2) × k or less".

[0068] The antenna pattern 10 is positioned, for example, above the third horizontal line H3. This makes it less likely for the view through the window glass to be obstructed by the antenna pattern 10, thus improving the view through the window glass. In the example in Figure 1, the antenna pattern 10 is positioned above the first horizontal line H1, so in the region below the first horizontal line H1, the view through the window glass is less likely to be obstructed by the antenna pattern 10, thus improving the view through the window glass.

[0069] The first horizontal line H1 intersects the body flange 2 at the first intersection c1 on the side of the first earth element 22 where the sensor pattern 7 is located, and intersects the body flange 2 at the fourth intersection c4 on the opposite side of the first earth element 22 from where the sensor pattern 7 is located. The second horizontal line H2 intersects the body flange 2 at the second intersection c2 on the side of the first earth element 22 where the sensor pattern 7 is located, and intersects the body flange 2 at the fifth intersection c5 on the opposite side of the first earth element 22 from where the sensor pattern 7 is located. The third horizontal line H3 intersects the body flange 2 at the third intersection c3 on the side of the first earth element 22 where the sensor pattern 7 is located, and intersects the body flange 2 at the sixth intersection c6 on the opposite side of the first earth element 22 from where the sensor pattern 7 is located.

[0070] Let L11 be the horizontal distance between the fourth intersection c4 and the first earth element 22, and L12 be the horizontal distance between the first intersection c1 and the first earth element 22. Let L21 be the horizontal distance between the fifth intersection c5 and the first earth element 22, and L22 be the horizontal distance between the second intersection c2 and the first earth element 22. Let L31 be the horizontal distance between the sixth intersection c6 and the first earth element 22, and L32 be the horizontal distance between the third intersection c3 and the first earth element 22. In this case, as illustrated in Figure 1, by making L11 longer than L12, L21 longer than L22, and L31 longer than L32, the field of view 34 on the side opposite to the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located relative to the first earth element 22 can be expanded.

[0071] When the window glass 101 is applied to a quarter window glass installed on the side of the rear seat of a vehicle, the line of sight of an occupant sitting in the rear seat is likely to pass through the front area of ​​the quarter window glass. For this reason, if the positive X-axis direction is towards the rear of the vehicle and the negative X-axis direction is towards the front of the vehicle, it is preferable that L11 is longer than L12, L21 is longer than L22, and L31 is longer than L32. This expands the field of view area 34 in the front area of ​​the window glass 101, thereby improving visibility through the quarter window glass.

[0072] The glass plate 1 may have a light-shielding layer 30 that blocks visible light. The light-shielding layer 30 is formed on the glass plate 1, for example, on the main surface 1a of the glass plate 1.

[0073] The light-shielding layer 30 is, for example, an opaque colored ceramic layer with a thickness of about 5 μm to 25 μm. The color of the light-shielding layer 30 is arbitrary, but dark colors such as black, brown, gray, dark blue, or white are preferred, with black being more preferred. Because a portion of the antenna 201 overlaps with the light-shielding layer 30 and the glass plate 1 in a plan view, the overlapping portion with the light-shielding layer 30 becomes difficult to see, thus improving the appearance of the window glass 101 equipped with the antenna 201.

[0074] The light-shielding layer 30 is, for example, a band-shaped region formed along the outer edge of the glass plate 1. In this case, the inner edge of the light-shielding layer 30 corresponds to the outer edge of the opening (transparent region 32) of the window glass 101. In a plan view of the glass plate 1, the region having the light-shielding layer 30 is called the light-shielding region, and the region without the light-shielding layer 30 is called the transparent region 32. The light-shielding region is the region where visible light is blocked by the light-shielding layer 30, and the transparent region 32 is the region where visible light is not blocked by the light-shielding layer 30.

[0075] Figure 2 is an enlarged plan view of a glass plate having a light-shielding layer. The light-shielding layer 30 includes a first light-shielding region 31 in which a light-shielding film such as a colored ceramic layer is formed without gaps, and a second light-shielding region 33 in which a light-shielding film such as a colored ceramic layer is formed sparsely.

[0076] The first light-shielding region 31 is a region in the plan view of the glass plate 1 where a light-shielding film, such as a colored ceramic layer, is formed continuously without gaps. In the example shown in Figure 2, the first light-shielding region 31 is a region in the plan view of the glass plate 1 where dots 33a, which are an example of a light-shielding film, are not arranged. On the other hand, the second light-shielding region 33 is a region where a light-shielding film, such as a colored ceramic layer, is formed with gaps. In the example shown in Figure 2, the second light-shielding region 33 is a region in the plan view of the glass plate 1 where multiple dots 33a are arranged in a scattered manner. The multiple dots 33a are an example of a light-shielding film scattered along the first boundary line 3, which is one edge of the first light-shielding region 31.

[0077] The first boundary line 3 is the boundary line between the first light-shielding region 31 and the second light-shielding region 33. The second boundary line 4 is the boundary line between the second light-shielding region 33 and the transparent region 32.

[0078] The first light-shielding region 31 is, for example, located at the periphery of the glass plate 1 in a plan view, and the second light-shielding region 33 is, for example, located around the entire inner circumference of the first light-shielding region 31. Alternatively, the second light-shielding region 33 may be located in a part of the inner circumference of the first light-shielding region 31 in a plan view.

[0079] In the second light-shielding region 33, the shape and size of the dots 33a can be determined as needed, for example, they may be circles with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, or semicircles half that size. Note that the shape of each dot 33a may also be an ellipse or a polygon, and different shapes may be mixed.

[0080] In the second light-shielding region 33, in a plan view, the dots 33a may be arranged in multiple rows parallel to one edge (first boundary line 3) of the first light-shielding region 31, for example. In each row, the dots 33a may be arranged at equal intervals.

[0081] In the second light-shielding region 33, some of the dots 33a may be formed continuously with one edge (first boundary line 3) of the first light-shielding region 31. For example, in the example shown in Figure 2, the first row of dots 33a from one edge (first boundary line 3) of the first light-shielding region 31 is a substantially semicircular dot formed continuously with the first boundary line 3. Note that the first row of dots 33a from the first boundary line 3 does not have to be in contact with the first boundary line 3. In this case, the shape of the first row of dots 33a may be circular.

[0082] In the second light-shielding region 33, the number of dots 33a arranged may be one or more. In other words, although the dots are arranged in three rows, including a roughly semicircular dot 33a, in Figure 2, the number of dots 33a arranged is not limited to the example in Figure 2. Dots 33a of different sizes and shapes may be mixed in a single row. For example, two different sizes of dots 33a may be arranged alternately.

[0083] The second boundary line 4, which is one edge of the second light-shielding region 33, is determined by the position of the outermost row of dots 33a, as viewed from one edge of the first light-shielding region 31 (first boundary line 3), at the point furthest from the first boundary line 3. The distance (width W) between the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4 is, for example, constant. The width W is, for example, 0.5 mm or more and less than 80 mm.

[0084] In the second light-shielding region 33, the surface density of the dots 33a may be constant. Alternatively, in the second light-shielding region 33, a gradient pattern may be formed in which the surface density of the dots 33a decreases from dense to sparse as it moves from the first boundary line 3 to the second boundary line 4. In the example in Figure 2, a gradient pattern is formed in the second light-shielding region 33 by making the diameter of the dots 33a smaller in the rows further from the first boundary line 3.

[0085] The light-shielding layer 30 is formed, for example, by applying a ceramic color paste containing a molten glass frit containing a black pigment onto the main surface 1a of the glass plate 1 by screen printing or the like, and then firing it. However, the method of forming the light-shielding layer 30 is not limited to this. The light-shielding layer 30 may also be formed, for example, by applying an organic ink containing a black or dark-colored pigment onto the main surface 1a of the glass plate 1 by screen printing or the like, and then drying it. Since the light-shielding layer 30 is formed by such a method, the first light-shielding region 31 is almost flat, while the second light-shielding region 33 is rougher and more uneven than the first light-shielding region 31.

[0086] The antenna pattern 10 may include an element 41 perpendicular to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4, as illustrated in Figure 2. In the example shown in Figure 1, element 41 corresponds to a sub-element 11b of the L-shaped element 11. In Figure 2, by forming element 41 perpendicular to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4, the length over which element 41 passes through the uneven second light-shielding region 33 is shortened compared to a configuration in which element 41 is formed obliquely to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4. Therefore, by forming element 41 perpendicular to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4, the risk of disconnection of element 41 due to the unevenness of the second light-shielding region 33 is reduced.

[0087] Similarly, the ground pattern 20 may include an element 42 perpendicular to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4, as illustrated in Figure 2. In the example shown in Figure 1, element 42 corresponds to a sub-element 21a of the L-shaped element 21. In Figure 2, by forming element 42 perpendicular to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4, the length over which element 42 passes through the uneven second light-shielding region 33 is shortened compared to a configuration in which element 42 is formed obliquely to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4. Therefore, by forming element 42 perpendicular to the first boundary line 3 and the second boundary line 4, the risk of disconnection of element 42 due to the unevenness of the second light-shielding region 33 is reduced.

[0088] For example, in Figure 1, the power supply terminal 5, the ground terminal 6, the antenna pattern 10, and the ground pattern 20 are formed by printing a conductive material such as silver paste onto the main surface 1a of the glass plate 1 and firing it. Since the power supply terminal 5 and the ground terminal 6 are formed on the light-shielding film of the first light-shielding region 31, the partial element 11b of the antenna pattern 10 will straddle the second light-shielding region 33, and the partial element 21a of the ground pattern 20 will straddle the second light-shielding region 33.

[0089] As described above, by forming the partial element 11b in an arrangement perpendicular to the second light-shielding region 33, the printing area of ​​the conductive material on the light-shielding film, such as the dots 33a, is narrowed compared to a configuration in which the partial element 11b is formed in an arrangement oblique to the second light-shielding region 33. This reduces the influence of surface irregularities of the second light-shielding region 33 on the formation of the partial element 11b, thereby reducing the risk of disconnection of the partial element 11b. Furthermore, when printing a conductive material on a light-shielding film such as the dots 33a, the width of the partial element 11b may become inconsistent due to the effect of the irregularities. For this reason, both aesthetically and electrically, it is preferable that the length over which the partial element 11b spans the uneven second light-shielding region 33 be as short as possible. These points also apply to the partial element 21a.

[0090] By forming the partial elements in an arrangement perpendicular to the second light-shielding region 33, the risk of disconnection of the partial elements is reduced. Therefore, compared to a configuration in which the partial elements are formed obliquely to the second light-shielding region 33, the line width of the antenna pattern 10 including the partial elements perpendicular to the second light-shielding region 33 can be made thinner. A thinner line width of the antenna pattern 10 improves visibility through the window glass. For example, the line width of the antenna pattern 10 including the partial elements perpendicular to the second light-shielding region 33 can be made thinner, between 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm. These points also apply to the ground pattern 20.

[0091] Furthermore, in the region where the antenna pattern 10 or the ground pattern 20 spans from the light-shielding region to the transparent region 32, the second light-shielding region 33 may be eliminated, leaving only the first light-shielding region 31. This reduces the risk of the antenna pattern 10 or the ground pattern 20 being disconnected due to the uneven second light-shielding region 33.

[0092] Figure 3 is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, a description of the configuration, operation, and effects similar to those of the above embodiment will be omitted by referring to the above description. The antenna 202 of the window glass 102 according to the second embodiment shown in Figure 3 differs from the first embodiment shown in Figure 1 in that the ground pattern 20 does not include an L-shaped element 21. Also, the antenna 202 of the window glass 102 shown in Figure 3 differs from the antenna 201 shown in Figure 1 in that the second ground element 23 extends on the side opposite to the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located relative to the first ground element 22.

[0093] In Figure 3, the first earth element 22 is directly connected to the earth terminal 6 at its end 22a and extends downward from the earth terminal 6. The first earth element 22 extends in the negative Y-axis direction from end 22a (earth terminal 6) to end 22b.

[0094] The second earth element 23 extends on the side opposite to the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located relative to the first earth element 22. The second earth element 23 extends in the negative X-axis direction parallel to the horizontal direction from end 22b to open end 23a.

[0095] In the second embodiment, the sensor pattern 7 is located between the first horizontal line H1 and the second horizontal line H2, and between the first earth element 22 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 202 is reduced. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the open end 23a of the earth pattern 20 is located below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the sensor pattern 7, thereby expanding the area surrounding the sensor pattern 7 from below by the earth pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the effect of reducing the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 202 is enhanced.

[0096] As a modification of the second embodiment shown in Figure 3, the ground pattern 20 may include an L-shaped element 21. Alternatively, as a modification of the second embodiment, the second ground element 23 may extend on the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located relative to the first ground element 22.

[0097] Figure 4 is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, a description of the configuration, operation, and effects similar to those of the embodiments described above will be omitted by referring to the above description. The antenna 203 of the window glass 103 according to the third embodiment shown in Figure 4 differs from the first embodiment shown in Figure 1 in that the ground pattern 20 further includes an L-shaped element 24.

[0098] In Figure 4, element 24 is a linear conductor branching off from the middle of the first earth element 22. The shape of element 24 may be other shapes besides L-shape, such as a straight line segment. Element 24 may intersect the third horizontal line H3, be located above the third horizontal line H3, or be located below the third horizontal line H3.

[0099] Element 24 extends from the first earth element 22 on the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located, thereby improving the view through the window glass on the opposite side of the first earth element 22 from where the sensor pattern 7 is located. Alternatively, element 24 may extend from the first earth element 22 on the side opposite to where the sensor pattern 7 is located.

[0100] In the third embodiment, the sensor pattern 7 is located between the first horizontal line H1 and the second horizontal line H2, and between the first earth element 22 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 203 is reduced. Furthermore, in the third embodiment, the open end 23a of the earth pattern 20 is located below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the sensor pattern 7, thereby expanding the area in which the sensor pattern 7 is surrounded from below by the earth pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the effect of reducing the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 203 is enhanced.

[0101] Figure 5 is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, a description of the configuration, operation, and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment will be omitted by referring to the above description. The antenna 204 of the window glass 104 according to the fourth embodiment shown in Figure 5 differs from the first embodiment shown in Figure 1 in that the antenna pattern 10 does not include an L-shaped element 11. Furthermore, the antenna 204 of the window glass 104 according to the fourth embodiment shown in Figure 5 differs from the antenna 201 shown in Figure 1 in that the element 21 is not L-shaped and the ground pattern 20 does not include a second ground element 23.

[0102] In Figure 5, the first antenna element 12 is directly connected to the feed terminal 5 and extends in the negative X-axis direction from the feed terminal 5 to the open end 12a.

[0103] Element 21 is directly connected to the ground terminal 6 and extends in the negative X-axis direction from the ground terminal 6 to end 22a. The first ground element 22 extends downward from the ground terminal 6 and extends in the negative Y-axis direction from end 22a to end 22b. End 22b is an open end located at the lowest end of the ground pattern 20.

[0104] In the fourth embodiment, the sensor pattern 7 is located between the first horizontal line H1 and the second horizontal line H2, and between the first earth element 22 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 204 is reduced. Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the open end 22b of the earth pattern 20 is located below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the sensor pattern 7, thereby expanding the area in which the sensor pattern 7 is surrounded from below by the earth pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the effect of reducing the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 204 is enhanced.

[0105] Furthermore, as a modification of the fourth embodiment shown in Figure 5, the antenna pattern 10 may include an L-shaped element 11. Alternatively, as a modification of the fourth embodiment, the shape of the element 21 may be L-shaped. Alternatively, as a modification of the fourth embodiment, the ground pattern 20 may include a second ground element 23.

[0106] Figure 6 is a plan view of a vehicle window glass according to the fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, a description of the configuration, operation, and effects similar to those of the embodiments described above will be omitted by referring to the above description. The antenna 205 of the window glass 105 according to the fifth embodiment shown in Figure 6 differs from the fourth embodiment shown in Figure 5 in that it further includes a second earth element 23.

[0107] In Figure 6, the second earth element 23 extends from end 22b to open end 23a on the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located relative to the first earth element 22. In this example, the second earth element 23 extends from bottom to top along one end (second boundary line 4) of the second light-shielding region 33.

[0108] The first antenna element 12, connected to the power supply terminal 5, and the element 21, connected to the ground terminal 6, are located in both a light-shielding region where the light-shielding layer 30 is provided and a transparent region 32 where the light-shielding layer 30 is not provided. In the example shown in Figure 5, the region where the first antenna element 12 and element 21 straddle the light-shielding region and the transparent region 32 is made up of only the first light-shielding region 31, eliminating the second light-shielding region 33. This reduces the risk of the first antenna element 12 and element 21 being disconnected due to the uneven second light-shielding region 33.

[0109] In the fifth embodiment, the sensor pattern 7 is located between the first horizontal line H1 and the second horizontal line H2, and between the first earth element 22 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 205 is reduced. Furthermore, in the fifth embodiment, the open end 23a of the earth pattern 20 is located below the third horizontal line H3 that intersects the sensor pattern 7, thereby expanding the area surrounding the sensor pattern 7 from below by the earth pattern 20 and the first flange portion 2a. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the effect of reducing the influence of noise radiated from the sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of the antenna 205 is enhanced.

[0110] As a modification of the fifth embodiment shown in Figure 6, the antenna pattern 10 may include an L-shaped element 11. Alternatively, as a modification of the fifth embodiment, the shape of the element 21 may be L-shaped. Alternatively, as a modification of the fifth embodiment, the second earth element 23 may extend from the first earth element 22 on the side opposite to the side where the sensor pattern 7 is located.

[0111] Figure 7 shows an example of the results of measuring the frequency characteristics of the gain in the DAB Band III band for the antenna 201 of the window glass 101 according to the first embodiment shown in Figure 1. Figure 7 shows the results of measuring the gain at the tuner end after mounting the window glass 101 on the side window of a test vehicle placed on a turntable in an anechoic chamber, mounting an amplifier with a desired gain in the DAB band on the feed terminal 5 and ground terminal 6, connecting a coaxial cable to the amplifier.

[0112] The vertical axis of Figure 7 shows the average gain measured every 3° in a 360° area centered on the vehicle. The horizontal axis of Figure 7 shows the frequencies of radio waves included in the DAB Band III band. According to Figure 7, a gain of 0 [dBd] or more is secured, so it is expected that the sound obtained by receiving radio waves will be clearly audible even in areas with weak radio waves.

[0113] Note that during the measurement shown in Figure 7, the dimensions of each part, such as the element length, were as follows: Antenna pattern 10 (length L10): 230mm Partial element 11a: 60mm Partial element 11b: 20mm First antenna element 12: 150mm Earth pattern 20 (length L20): 230mm Partial element 21a: 30mm Partial element 21b: 55mm First earth element 22: 150mm Second earth element 23:90mm Sensor pattern 7: 79mm The shortest distance A between ground pattern 20 and sensor pattern 7 is 25 mm. The shortest distance B between the second earth element 23 and the body flange 2 is 30 mm. That is the case.

[0114] Figure 8 shows an example of the results of measuring the frequency characteristics of the gain in the terrestrial digital television broadcast band for the antenna 201 of the window glass 101 according to the first embodiment shown in Figure 1. Figure 8 shows the results of measuring at the tuner end after mounting the window glass 101 on the side window of a test vehicle placed on a turntable in an anechoic chamber, mounting an amplifier with a desired gain in the terrestrial digital television broadcast band on the power supply terminal 5 and the ground terminal 6, and connecting a coaxial cable to the amplifier. The dimensions of each part during measurement in Figure 8 are the same as the dimensions during measurement in Figure 7.

[0115] The vertical axis of Figure 8 shows the average gain measured every 3° in a 360° area centered on the vehicle. The horizontal axis of Figure 8 shows the frequency of radio waves included in the terrestrial digital television broadcast band. According to Figure 8, a gain of 0 [dBd] or more is secured, so it is expected that even in areas with weak radio waves, the image obtained by receiving the radio waves can be viewed well.

[0116] Figure 9 shows an example of the results of measuring the isolation characteristics between the antenna 201 and the sensor pattern 7 in the DAB Band III bandwidth for the antenna 201 of the window glass 101 shown in Figure 1 according to the first embodiment. Figure 9 shows the results of measuring the transmission characteristics from the second terminal 7b to the tuner terminal after the first terminal 7a of the sensor pattern 7 is connected to the vehicle body ground and a signal simulating noise is injected from the second terminal 7b of the sensor pattern 7. The tuner terminal is connected to an amplifier mounted on the power supply terminal 5 and the ground terminal 6 via a coaxial cable, as in the case of Figure 7.

[0117] The vertical axis in Figure 9 represents S21. S21 is an S-parameter representing the pass coefficient from the second terminal 7b to the tuner terminal. A smaller S21 indicates that the noise injected into the second terminal 7b is greatly attenuated at the tuner terminal (i.e., the isolation between antenna 201 and sensor pattern 7 is high). The horizontal axis in Figure 9 represents the frequencies of radio waves included in the DAB Band III bandwidth. The dimensions of each part during measurement in Figure 9 are the same as the dimensions during measurement in Figure 7.

[0118] [Table 1]

[0119] Table 1 shows the average values ​​of S21 for each frequency shown in Figure 9, for each shortest distance A. Note that the dimensions of the ground pattern 20 have been adjusted so that approximately the same antenna gain is obtained for each shortest distance A.

[0120] According to the results in Table 1, when A=5mm, S21 is larger compared to when A=25mm and when A=60mm, indicating lower isolation between antenna 201 and sensor pattern 7. Therefore, when A=5mm, it is considered that the radiated noise from sensor pattern 7 has a greater impact on the reception performance of antenna 201. This increased impact on reception performance means that, for example, when receiving DAB broadcast waves in an area with weak radio waves, the noise radiated from sensor pattern 7 can mix with antenna 201, resulting in a situation where only noise is heard and the audio from the broadcast wave is not audible. On the other hand, when A=25mm and A=60mm, S21 is below -10dB, indicating high isolation between antenna 201 and sensor pattern 7. Therefore, when A=25mm and A=60mm, it is considered that the radiated noise from sensor pattern 7 has a smaller impact on the reception performance of antenna 201. In other words, in the DAB Band III bandwidth, the case of A=25mm and A=60mm reduces the impact of sensor pattern 7 on the receiving performance of antenna 201 compared to the case of A=5mm.

[0121] Figure 10 shows an example of the results of measuring the isolation characteristics between the antenna 201 and the sensor pattern 7 in the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave band for the antenna 201 of the window glass 101 shown in Figure 1 according to the first embodiment. Figure 10 shows the results of measuring the transmission characteristics from the second terminal 7b to the tuner terminal after the first terminal 7a of the sensor pattern 7 is connected to the vehicle body ground and a signal simulating noise is injected from the second terminal 7b of the sensor pattern 7. The tuner terminal is connected to an amplifier mounted on the power supply terminal 5 and the ground terminal 6 via a coaxial cable, as in the case of Figure 8.

[0122] The vertical axis in Figure 10 represents S21. The horizontal axis in Figure 10 represents the frequency of radio waves included in the terrestrial digital television broadcast band. The dimensions of each part during measurement in Figure 10 are the same as the dimensions during measurement in Figure 7.

[0123] [Table 2]

[0124] Table 2 shows the average values ​​of S21 for each frequency shown in Figure 10, for each shortest distance A. Note that the dimensions of the ground pattern 20 have been adjusted so that approximately the same antenna gain is obtained for each shortest distance A.

[0125] According to the results in Table 2, there is no significant difference in S21 in any of the shortest distance A cases, and since S21 is below -10dB, the isolation between antenna 201 and sensor pattern 7 is high. Therefore, it is considered that the radiated noise from sensor pattern 7 has little effect on the reception performance of antenna 201 in the terrestrial digital television broadcast band.

[0126] Based on the results in Tables 1 and 2, considering DAB Band III and terrestrial digital television broadcast waves together, setting the shortest distance A to 25 mm or more reduces the impact of radiated noise from sensor pattern 7 on the reception performance of antenna 201.

[0127] As described above, embodiments have been explained, but these embodiments are presented as examples only, and the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The above embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various combinations, omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their variations are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as in the claims of the invention and its equivalents. [Explanation of symbols]

[0128] 1 glass plate 2 Body flanges 3. First boundary line 4. Second boundary line 5 Power supply terminals 6. Ground terminal 7 Sensor Patterns 7a 1st terminal 7b 2nd terminal 7c sensor element 10 Antenna Patterns 11 Elements 12. First antenna element 12a open end 20 Earth Patterns 21 elements 22. First Earth Element 20a Top 20b bottom 23 Second Earth Element 23a open end 30 Light blocking layer 31 1st light shielding area 32 Transparent area 33 2nd light shielding area 33a dot 34 View area 35 Dotless area 41, 42 elements 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 Window glass Antennas 201, 202, 203, 204, 205

Claims

1. A glass plate and An antenna provided on the glass plate, The glass plate is provided with a sensor pattern for detecting cracks in the glass plate, The antenna includes a power supply terminal for supplying power, an antenna pattern electrically connected to the power supply terminal, a ground terminal for grounding, and a ground pattern electrically connected to the ground terminal. The ground terminal is located below the power supply terminal. The sensor pattern is located below the ground terminal. The ground pattern includes a first ground element that extends downward from the ground terminal. The sensor pattern is located between a first horizontal line passing through the top of the ground pattern and a second horizontal line passing through the bottom of the ground pattern, and between the first ground element and the first flange portion of the vehicle body flange to which the glass plate is attached that is closest to the sensor pattern. The ground pattern has a first open end located below a third horizontal line that intersects the first ground element, the sensor pattern, and the first flange portion, and is a window glass for a vehicle.

2. The sensor pattern includes a first terminal, a second terminal located below the first terminal, and a sensor element that electrically connects the first terminal and the second terminal. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the first open end is located below the third horizontal line that intersects the sensor pattern between the first terminal and the second terminal.

3. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the shortest distance between the ground pattern and the sensor pattern is 25 mm or more.

4. The aforementioned antenna receives radio waves in the first frequency band. λ １ When is the wavelength of the radio wave in air at the center frequency of the first frequency band, and k is the wavelength shortening factor due to the glass plate, The length of the ground pattern from the ground terminal to the first open end is 0.5 × (λ １ / 2)×k or more 1.2×(λ １ Vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein (2) × k is less than or equal to k.

5. The vehicle window glass according to claim 4, wherein the first frequency band is 174 MHz or more and 240 MHz or less.

6. The uppermost part is the uppermost part of the first earth element, as described in claim 1 for a vehicle window glass.

7. The lowermost part is the lowermost part of the first earth element, as described in claim 1 for a vehicle window glass.

8. The ground pattern includes a second ground element that extends on the side of the sensor pattern that is located relative to the first ground element. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the first open end is the open end of the second earth element.

9. The ground pattern includes a second ground element that extends on the side opposite to the side where the sensor pattern is located relative to the first ground element. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the first open end is the open end of the second earth element.

10. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the first open end is the lowest end of the ground pattern.

11. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the ground pattern includes an L-shaped element that electrically connects the ground terminal and the first ground element.

12. The aforementioned antenna receives radio waves in the second frequency band. λ ２ When is the wavelength of the radio wave in air at the center frequency of the second frequency band, and k is the wavelength shortening factor due to the glass plate, The length of the antenna pattern from the power supply terminal to the second open end of the antenna pattern is 0.7 × (λ ２ / 4)×k or more 1.8×(λ ２ Vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein (2) × k is less than or equal to k.

13. The vehicle window glass according to claim 12, wherein the second frequency band is 473 MHz or more and 707 MHz or less.

14. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the antenna receives both terrestrial digital television broadcasting and DAB Band III radio waves.

15. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the antenna pattern includes a first antenna element extending in the horizontal direction.

16. The vehicle window glass according to claim 15, wherein the antenna pattern includes an L-shaped element that electrically connects the power supply terminal and the first antenna element.

17. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the antenna pattern is located above the third horizontal line.

18. The vehicle window glass according to claim 17, wherein the antenna pattern is located above the first horizontal line.

19. The first horizontal line intersects the body flange at a first intersection point on the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located, and intersects the body flange at a fourth intersection point on the side opposite to the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located. The second horizontal line intersects the body flange at a second intersection point on the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located, and intersects the body flange at a fifth intersection point on the side opposite to the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located. The third horizontal line intersects the body flange at a third intersection point on the side of the first earth element where the sensor pattern is located, and intersects the body flange at a sixth intersection point on the side of the first earth element opposite to the side where the sensor pattern is located. The horizontal distance between the fourth intersection and the first earth element is longer than the horizontal distance between the first intersection and the first earth element. The horizontal distance between the fifth intersection and the first earth element is longer than the horizontal distance between the second intersection and the first earth element. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal distance between the sixth intersection and the first earth element is longer than the horizontal distance between the third intersection and the first earth element.

20. The glass plate has a light-shielding layer that includes a first light-shielding region where the light-shielding film is formed without gaps and a second light-shielding region where the light-shielding film is formed sparsely. When the region without the light-shielding layer is defined as a transparent region, The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the antenna pattern or the ground pattern includes elements perpendicular to the first boundary line between the first light-shielding region and the second light-shielding region and the second boundary line between the second light-shielding region and the transparent region.

Images