Brassica juncea harvesting and laying machine

Abstract

Harvesting mustard relies heavily on manual labor, resulting in high labor intensity. Existing machinery is unable to perform the necessary inversion and spreading of the mustard plants, and the drying effect is insufficient. [Solution] The present invention relates to a bracken harvesting and laying machine equipped with a frame 1, an elastic converging device 2, a gripping and conveying device 3, a cutting device 4, and an inversion mechanism 5. The elastic converging device has a tension roller belt set and converges the bracken and introduces it into the conveying passage. The gripping and conveying device grips and conveys the bracken with a pair of conveying belts 33 and cuts off the roots with the cutting device. The inversion mechanism is equipped with an annular rotating disc and an elastic gripping rod and inverts the bracken during the rotation process and lays it on the ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural automation equipment, and particularly relates to a European kale harvesting and arranging machine.

Background Art

[0002] European kale (scientific name: Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. et Coss.) belongs to the Brassicaceae family (Cruciferae). European kale is a vegetable native to China, with a long history, many varieties, and extremely extensive cultivation. It is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and the southwestern regions. China is one of the primary origin centers of European kale. European kale can be divided into four major categories of roots, stems, leaves, and flower stalks, with 16 varieties, and there are many mutant types. Among them, leafy European kale takes the stem and leaves as the main edible parts. The shape of its root and stem is relatively thick, and there is a large difference in dimensions and shape in the tuberous stem, and the leaf blades are also relatively large. After European kale matures, the leaf blades stick to the ground.

[0003] Currently, the harvesting of European kale generally relies on manual labor for harvesting, including root cutting, leaf removal, transportation, etc., and the labor intensity is extremely high.

[0004] In the processing process of the stems and leaves of European kale, it is necessary to remove some moisture by sun drying, and there are two methods. The first is the method of inverting it on the spot for 1 - 2 days of sun drying after root cutting and then performing secondary harvesting. The second is the method of first collecting European kale at a fixed location and then manually sun drying it, and the workload is very large.

[0005] CN110731161B discloses a washing device for a multi-row combined harvester of green vegetables. A leaf-grabbing, lifting, and conveying mechanism is pivotally supported on the upper part of the machine frame's vertical columns. The leaf-grabbing, lifting, and conveying mechanism consists of an annular conveying belt, and a root-cutting mechanism and a leaf-cutting mechanism are attached to the input and output ends of the leaf-grabbing, lifting, and conveying mechanism. A leaf-removal mechanism is attached below the leaf-cutting mechanism. Above the rubber pair rolls of the leaf-removal mechanism, a fork-type transmission chain is attached that moves toward the output port along the axial direction of the rubber pair rolls. Below the output port is a flat belt lifting device, and below the lifting device is a collection box. This harvester is unable to complete the laying of mustard greens.

[0006] CN104255185B discloses a small crawler-type rapeseed splitting and bleaching machine, comprising a small crawler-running bottom chassis and a harvesting platform, on which a cutting assembly, a ferrule, a ferrule star wheel, and a conveying chain component are mounted, the cutting assembly and conveying chain component being connected to the power system of the small crawler-running bottom chassis via a transmission mechanism, and the harvesting platform being mounted on the small crawler-running bottom chassis by a lifting adjustment device, and capable of lifting and lowering motion with parallel movement along the vertical direction. The rapeseed splitting and bleaching machine can lay out harvested rapeseed, but its structure is complex and it is not applicable to laying out mustard. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] China Patent Publication CN110731161B [Patent Document 2] China Patent Publication CN104255185B [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve is to overcome the shortcomings and defects of the background art described above, and to provide a bracken harvesting and laying machine that has a simple structure and can lay out bracken inverted. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows.

[0010] In other words, it is a type of bracken harvesting and laying machine, and includes the following:

[0011] Machine frame: The machine frame includes a support plate and a mounting frame connected to one end of the support plate. A running bottom chassis is provided at the bottom of the support plate and mounting frame, and the running bottom chassis is used to drive and move the entire machine.

[0012] Elastic convergence device: Includes a convergence frame and two pairs of tension roller belt sets fixed to the convergence frame, with a mustard conveying passage formed between the two pairs of tension roller belt sets.

[0013] The clamping and conveying device includes a pair of conveying belts that are in contact with the elastic converging device. The pair of conveying belts work together to clamp the bracken plants that have been conveyed from the bracken plant conveying passage. The elastic converging device and the clamping and conveying device are mounted at an angle to the end of the mounting frame.

[0014] Cutting device: Located at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device, it is used to cut off the roots of Brassica napus.

[0015] Inversion mechanism: Fixed to the mounting frame and provided between the frame and the clamping and conveying device, the inversion mechanism includes a pair of annular rotating discs, each equipped with elastic clamping rods, the spacing between the elastic clamping rods is adjustable, and the rotation of the annular rotating discs inverts the wild mustard plants and lays them out on the ground.

[0016] In one embodiment, the elastic convergence device, clamping and conveying device, cutting device, and reversing mechanism are provided in 2 to 4 sets.

[0017] In one embodiment, each annular rotating disc includes a rotating shaft and has a support plate drilled in the rotating shaft, with support rods provided at intervals on the support plate, and annular rings connected to the ends of the support rods. Elastic clamping rods are provided symmetrically on the annular rings of the two annular rotating discs, and the width between the two elastic clamping rods is adjustable, and the elastic clamping rods are used to clamp and invert the mustard plants.

[0018] In one embodiment, the elastic clamping rod is an arc-shaped rod, both ends of the elastic clamping rod are drilled into a ring via connecting rods, and an elastic member is provided on the connecting rod, which is used to adjust the width between the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping rods.

[0019] In one embodiment, a protruding structure is provided at the connection between the support rod and the ring, and two connecting holes are provided on the protruding structure. These holes are used to connect an elastic clamping rod between any two adjacent support rods, and the elastic clamping rod is provided on the ring, passing through the connecting holes via the connecting rod.

[0020] In one embodiment, the tension roller belt assembly includes a pair of identical tension roller components provided at the front and rear, each tension roller component including a tension roller body and a support connected to the tension roller body, and the convergence frame includes a vertical connecting rod, the connecting rod being drilled at one end of the support away from the tension roller body.

[0021] In one embodiment, the elastic convergence device further includes two rows of roller bundles symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tension roller belt, the roller bundles including a plurality of rotatable rollers.

[0022] In one embodiment, multiple flexible arc-shaped winding strips are provided at intervals on the conveyor belt of the clamping and conveying device.

[0023] In one embodiment, there are two reversing mechanisms, and a motor for driving and rotating the reversing mechanisms is provided between the two reversing mechanisms.

[0024] In one embodiment, there are two clamping and conveying devices, the cutting device is provided between the two clamping and conveying devices, the cutting device includes a double-disc cutting tool, and the double-disc cutting tool is movable horizontally to the left and right.

Advantages of the Invention

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. When the European kale harvesting and arranging machine is working, the elastic converging device makes the European kale face each other. When the whole machine moves forward, due to the relatively thick rhizomes of the European kale or a slight deviation in the facing arrangement, when the rhizomes touch the tension roller belt set, the tension roller will undergo elastic deformation, the passage will expand, and during the forward movement of the whole machine, the rhizomes will enter the European kale conveying passage smoothly. At the same time, the presence of the tension belt positions the European kale rhizomes and prevents left and right swaying. In addition, the inclined converging frame converges the leaves hanging down to the ground from bottom to top, thereby completing the elastic convergence of the European kale and facilitating subsequent clamping and conveying. After root cutting, the European kale is output from the end of the clamping and conveying device and falls onto the reversing mechanism, and the European kale is clamped by the elastic clamping rod. During the rotation process of the annular rotating disc, under the action of gravity, the European kale gradually completes the reversal along with the rotation of the reversing mechanism, the European kale slides off the elastic clamping rod and falls into the field, thereby completing the reversed laying and arranging of the European kale. And with this reversing structure, when the European kale is laid and arranged on the ground, the European kale is inverted, preventing the moisture in the middle part from not being discharged during the drying process and making the drying effect better.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] To more clearly illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction of the drawings required for the description of embodiments or the prior art. As is clear, the drawings described below relate to some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without requiring any creative work by an ordinary person of the art. [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wild mustard harvesting and laying machine according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic convergence device of a wild mustard harvesting and laying machine according to one embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the reversal mechanism of a bracken harvesting and laying machine according to one embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following description will combine the drawings and preferred embodiments of the specification to provide a more comprehensive and detailed account of the invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the relevant field. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used in this invention are available from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. One embodiment of the mustard harvesting and laying machine mainly consists of a machine frame 1, an elastic convergence device 2, a gripping and conveying device 3, a cutting device 4, and a reversing mechanism 5, with the elastic convergence device 2, gripping and conveying device 3, cutting device 4, and reversing mechanism 5 being provided in combination. Specifically, the machine frame 1 includes a support plate 11, a mounting frame 12, and a traveling bottom chassis 13, and the traveling bottom chassis 13 is used to drive and move the entire machine. The elastic convergence device 2 and the gripping and conveying device 3 are fixed at an angle to the ends of the mounting frame 12. The elastic convergence device 2 includes a convergence frame 21 and two pairs of tension roller belt sets 22 fixed to the convergence frame 21, and a mustard conveying passage is formed between the two pairs of tension roller belt sets 22. The gripping and conveying device 3 includes a pair of conveying belts 33 that are in contact with the elastic convergence device 2, and the pair of conveying belts 33 cooperate with each other to grip the mustard conveyed from the mustard conveying passage. The cutting device 4 is located at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device 3 and is used to cut the roots of the Brassica napus. The inversion mechanism 5 is located between the support plate 11 and the clamping and conveying device 3 via a mounting frame 12 and includes a pair of annular rotating discs 50, each equipped with elastic clamping rods 60. The spacing between the pair of elastic clamping rods 60 is adjustable, and during the rotation of the annular rotating discs 50, the Brassica napus is inverted and laid out on the ground. Two to four sets of the elastic converging device 2, clamping and conveying device 3, cutting device 4, and inversion mechanism 5 are provided.

[0031] Preferably, in this embodiment, two sets of the elastic convergence device 2, clamping and conveying device 3, cutting device 4, and reversing mechanism 5 are provided, allowing two rows of Brassica juncea to be harvested and laid out simultaneously. This structural configuration offers the best balance between the overall assembly stability of the machine and the harvest rate. Naturally, in other embodiments, there may be three or four sets, and more preferably an even number of sets.

[0032] Specifically, in one embodiment, the support plate 11 is provided parallel to the ground, the overall drive motor 14 is fixed to the support plate 11, and the support plate 11 is also provided with a seat 111 for use by the user. The running bottom chassis 13 includes a pair of front and rear wheels, of which the front wheels are fixed to the bottom of the mounting frame 12 and the rear wheels are fixed to the bottom of the support plate 11. The running bottom chassis 13 is driven by the overall drive motor 14 to move the entire machine. By providing the support plate 11 parallel to the ground, the user can operate the machine while sitting on the seat 111 on the support plate 11, and the machine frame structure is simple and convenient to use.

[0033] The mounting frame 12 includes a horizontal rod 121 fixed to the support plate 11 and an inclined frame 122 connected to the end of the horizontal rod 121. The elastic converging device 2 and the clamping and conveying device 3 are fixed to the inclined frame 122 to form an inclination angle. By providing the elastic converging device 2 and the clamping and conveying device 3 at an inclination, the converging frame 21 can converge the drooping wild mustard leaves from bottom to top, thereby completing the elastic converging of the wild mustard more effectively and facilitating subsequent clamping and conveying.

[0034] Specifically, in one embodiment, the elastic converging device 2 includes a converging frame 21 and two pairs of tension roller belt sets 22 fixed to the converging frame 21, with a mustard conveying passage formed between the two pairs of tension roller belt sets 22. Specifically, the converging frames 21 are provided in pairs, i.e., the two pairs of tension roller belt sets 22 correspond to two converging frames 21. The converging frame 21 includes two vertical connecting rods 211 and a connecting horizontal rod 212 fixed between the two vertical connecting rods 211. The tension roller belt sets 22 include a pair of tension roller components 221 of the same structure provided at the front and rear, and the tension roller components 221 provided at the front and rear are connected by a tension belt 222. Each of the tension roller components 221 provided at the front and rear includes a tension roller body 2211 and a support frame 2212 connected to the tension roller body 2211, and the vertical connecting rod 211 of the convergence frame 21 is drilled at one end on the support frame 2212 away from the tension roller body 2211. One of the vertical connecting rods 211 of the convergence frame 21 is fixed to the inclined frame 122.

[0035] Preferably, the elastic converging device 2 further includes two rows of roller bundles 2222 symmetrically provided on both sides of the tension belt 222, and the roller bundles 2222 include a plurality of rotatable rollers. After the bracken rhizome passes through the tension roller component 221 provided at the front end, it moves forward into the area of ​​the two rows of roller bundles 2222, and the action of the rollers changes the sliding friction to rolling friction, reducing the resistance to the forward and backward movement of the bracken rhizome. At the same time, the presence of the tension belt 222 positions the bracken rhizome and prevents lateral swaying. Therefore, by using the elastic converging device 2 of this application, bracken leaf fragments can be easily and quickly gathered and rapidly conveyed to the clamping and conveying device 3.

[0036] Specifically, the gripping and conveying device 3 is provided in contact with the elastic converging device 2. Specifically, the belt surfaces of the pair of conveying belts 33 are provided relative to each other along the vertical direction, and the pair of conveying belts 33 cooperate with each other to grip the bracken that has been conveyed from the bracken conveying passage. Preferably, a plurality of flexible arc windings 333 are provided on the conveying belts 33 at intervals. One of the vertical connecting rods 211 of the converging frame 21 passes through the flexible arc windings 333 and is fixed to the inclined frame 122. By using the plurality of flexible arc windings 333 to form a constant elastic and pressing force, the bracken can be gripped more effectively, and the bracken can be easily conveyed backward along the inclined gripping and conveying device 3 during the forward movement of the entire machine.

[0037] Specifically, the cutting device 4 is located at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device 3. Preferably, the cutting blade of the cutting device 4 is a double-disc cutting blade, and the drive motor of the cutting device 4 is fixed to the inclined frame 122 and located at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device 3.

[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment, the annular rotating disc 50 is provided with elastic clamping rods 60, the distance between the pair of elastic clamping rods 60 is adjustable, and the mustard plants are inverted and laid out on the ground during the rotation process of the annular rotating disc 50. The annular rotating disc 50 includes a rotating shaft 51 and a support plate 52 drilled in the rotating shaft 51, and support rods 53 are provided on the support plate 52 at intervals, with an annular ring 54 connected to the ends of the support rods 53. Two elastic clamping rods 60 are provided symmetrically on the annular ring 54 of the annular rotating disc 50, and the elastic clamping rods 60 clamp the mustard plants and invert them. Preferably, the elastic clamping rod 60 is an arc-shaped rod, and both ends of the elastic clamping rod 60 are drilled into the ring 54 via connecting rods 61, and elastic components 62 are provided on the connecting rods 61, the elastic components 62 are preferably springs, but other elastic components, such as elastic pieces, may be used. The elastic components 62 are used to adjust the width between the elastic clamping rods 60. Preferably, a protruding structure 540 is provided at the connection between the support rod 53 and the ring 54, two connecting holes 541 are provided on the protruding structure 540, and are used to connect the elastic clamping rod 60 between any two adjacent support rods 53, and the elastic clamping rod 60 is provided on the ring 54 by passing through the connecting holes 541 via the connecting rods 61.

[0039] After root cutting, the mustard plants are released from the end of the clamping and conveying device 3 and fall between the two elastic clamping rods 60 of the inversion mechanism 5. Under the influence of gravity, the mustard plants fall between the two elastic clamping rods 60, and the elastic component 62 provides elasticity to the elastic clamping rods 60, causing the elastic clamping rods 60 to open due to the weight of the mustard plants, widening the gap between the two elastic clamping rods 60. At this time, the elastic component 62 is compressed, increasing the clamping force on the mustard plants and completing the clamping and compression of the mustard plants. Then, as the inversion mechanism 5 rotates, the mustard plants also gradually complete their inversion in accordance with the rotation of the inversion mechanism 5. Simultaneously, the direction of the force exerted by the bracken lilies on the elastic clamping rod 60 changes, the clamping force weakens, and finally, when the reversing mechanism 5 rotates 180°, the bracken lilies slide off the elastic clamping rod 60 and fall into the field, thereby completing the inverted laying of the bracken lilies. If there are two reversing mechanisms 5, the electric motor 55 that drives and rotates the reversing mechanisms 5 is installed between the two reversing mechanisms 5.

[0040] When the Brassica juncea harvesting and laying machine is in operation, an elastic convergence device aligns the Brassica juncea, causing the entire machine to move forward. Because the Brassica juncea rhizomes are relatively thick, or there is a slight deviation in their alignment, when the rhizomes come into contact with the tension roller belt assembly, the tension rollers undergo elastic deformation, widening the passage. As the entire machine moves forward, the Brassica juncea rhizomes pass through the tension roller component located at the front end and enter the two rows of roller bundles in a forward motion. The action of the rollers changes sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing resistance to the forward and backward movement of the Brassica juncea rhizomes. At the same time, the presence of the tension belts positions the Brassica juncea rhizomes and prevents lateral swaying.

[0041] Therefore, by utilizing the elastic convergence device of this invention, Brassica juncea leaves can be easily and quickly gathered and promptly transported to the gripping and conveying device. The rhizomes enter the Brassica juncea conveying passage in a forward direction, and at the same time, the presence of the tension belt positions the Brassica juncea rhizomes, preventing them from swaying from side to side. In addition, the inclined convergence rack converges the leaves hanging down to the ground from bottom to top, completing the elastic convergence of the Brassica juncea at this point and facilitating subsequent gripping and conveying.

[0042] After root cutting, the bracken lilies are released from the end of the clamping and conveying device and fall between the two elastic clamping rods of the inversion mechanism. Under the influence of gravity, the bracken lilies fall between the two elastic clamping rods, causing them to open. At this time, the elastic members are compressed, increasing the clamping force on the bracken lilies, and completing the clamping and compression of the bracken lilies. As the inversion mechanism rotates, the bracken lilies also gradually complete their inversion in accordance with the rotation of the inversion mechanism. Simultaneously, the direction of the force exerted by the bracken lilies on the elastic clamping rods changes, the clamping force weakens, and finally, when the inversion mechanism rotates 180°, the bracken lilies slide off the elastic clamping rods and fall into the field, completing the inversion and laying of the bracken lilies.

[0043] Furthermore, this inverted structure causes the bracken lilies to be inverted when spread on the ground, preventing the middle section from being unable to drain during the drying process, thus improving the drying effect. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0044] 1 aircraft carrier 11 Support plate 111 seats 12 Mounting bracket 121 Fixed crossbar 122 Inclined frame 13 Running Bottom Chassis 14 Overall drive motor 2. Elastic convergence device 21 Convergence frame 211 Vertical connecting rod 212 Connecting horizontal rod 22 Tension Roller Belt Assembly 221 Tension Roller Component 2211 Tension Roller Main 2212 Support 222 Tension belt 2222 Roller Bundle 3. Clamping and conveying device 33 Conveyor belt 333 Flexible arc-wrapped band 4 Cutting device 5. Reversal mechanism 50 Circular Rotating Discs 51 Rotation axis 52 Support plate 53 Support rod 54 Ring 540 Convex structure 541 Connection hole 55 Electrical Equipment (Motors) 60 Elastic clamping rod 61 Connecting rod 62 Elastic components (springs, etc.)

Claims

1. This is a machine for harvesting and laying out mustard greens. The machine frame includes a support plate and a mounting frame connected to one end of the support plate, a running bottom chassis is provided at the bottom of the support plate and the mounting frame, and the running bottom chassis is used to drive and move the entire machine. The elastic converging device includes a converging frame and two pairs of tension roller belt sets fixed to the converging frame, and a mustard conveying passage is formed between the two pairs of tension roller belt sets. The clamping and conveying device includes a pair of conveying belts that are in contact with the elastic converging device, the pair of conveying belts cooperate to clamp the bracken that has been conveyed from the bracken conveying passage, and the elastic converging device and the clamping and conveying device are provided at an inclination at the end of the mounting frame. Including a cutting device, the cutting device is provided at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device and is used to cut off the root portion of Brassica napus. The device includes a reversing mechanism, which is fixed to the mounting frame and provided between the frame and the clamping and conveying device, the reversing mechanism includes a pair of annular rotating discs, the annular rotating discs are provided with elastic clamping rods, the spacing between the elastic clamping rods is adjustable, and the rotation process of the annular rotating discs inverts the wild mustard plants and lays them out on the ground. A machine for harvesting and laying out mustard greens, characterized by the following features.

2. The Brassica juncea harvesting and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic convergence device, the clamping and conveying device, the cutting device, and the reversing mechanism are provided in 2 to 4 sets.

3. The Brassica juncea harvesting and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each annular rotating disc includes a rotating shaft, a support plate drilled in the rotating shaft, support rods are provided on the support plate at intervals, an annular ring is connected to the end of the support rod, two elastic gripping rods are provided symmetrically on the annular ring of the annular rotating disc, and the Brassica juncea is gripped and turned over by the elastic gripping rods.

4. The bracken harvesting and laying machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic clamping rod is an arc-shaped rod, both ends of the elastic clamping rod are drilled into the ring via connecting rods, and an elastic member is provided on the connecting rod, and the elastic member is used to adjust the width between the elastic clamping rods.

5. A protruding structure is provided at the connection between the support rod and the ring, two connecting holes are provided in the protruding structure and are used to connect the elastic clamping rod between any two adjacent support rods, and the elastic clamping rod is provided on the ring through the connecting holes via the connecting rod, as described in claim 3.

6. The tension roller belt assembly includes a pair of tension roller components of the same structure provided at the front and rear, the tension roller component includes a tension roller body and a support connected to the tension roller body, the convergence frame includes a vertical connecting rod, the connecting rod is drilled at one end of the support away from the tension roller body, and the bracken harvesting and laying machine according to claim 2.

7. The elastic convergence device further includes two rows of roller bundles symmetrically provided on both sides of the tension roller belt, and the roller bundles include a plurality of rotatable rollers, characterized in that the bracken harvesting and laying machine according to claim 1.

8. The bracken harvesting and laying machine according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of flexible arc-shaped bands are provided at intervals on the conveyor belt of the clamping and conveying device.

9. The Brassica juncea harvesting and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that there are two reversing mechanisms, and an electric motor is provided between the two reversing mechanisms to drive and rotate the reversing mechanisms.

10. The bracken harvesting and laying machine according to claim 9, characterized in that there are two clamping and conveying devices, the cutting device is provided between the two clamping and conveying devices, the cutting device includes a double disc cutting blade, and the double disc cutting blade is movable in parallel from left to right.

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