Fire-resistant tiles for protecting boiler water tubes

Abstract

This invention provides a fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes that prevents cracking, enables easy installation and strengthens adhesion, and can be stably installed on boiler water tubes. [Solution] The fire-resistant tile 1 is integrally molded in a rectangular shape with a total width L and total height H, comprising a first wing portion 2A with width W and height H, a central portion 3, and a second wing portion 2B with width W and height H, and has only three spacers on its back surface with a recess 4 in the center of each. In the first wing portion 1A, the first spacer 5A is positioned on an imaginary line extending in the height direction from the central portion 3 at a position of width (3 / 4)W. In the second wing portion 2B, the second spacer 5B is positioned on an imaginary line extending in the height direction from the central portion 3 at a position of width (1 / 4)W, and the third spacer 5C is positioned on an imaginary line extending in the height direction from the central portion 3 at a position of width (3 / 4)W. The area S of the imaginary triangle 9 formed by connecting the midpoints of each spacer is {(H / 2)×(LW)} / 2≦S<(L×H) / 2.

Description

Technical Field

[0004]

[0001] The present invention relates to a refractory tile for protecting a boiler water pipe.

Background Art

[0002] In a facility such as a cleaning plant equipped with a boiler and incinerating waste while generating electricity, or a power plant burning fuels such as coal, that is, a combustion plant equipped with a boiler, a plurality of boiler water pipes are installed on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace. The plurality of boiler water pipes are generally each erected in the vertical direction and arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction, that is, evenly arranged. And, the space between two adjacent boiler water pipes in the horizontal direction is connected without a gap by a plate-shaped fin, and a water pipe panel is constituted by these boiler water pipes and fins.

[0003] In order to protect these boiler water pipes from excessive heat, refractory tiles may be installed on the surface of the boiler water pipes on the side facing the furnace inside the water pipe panel. At this time, for example, there is a technique of evenly installing hooks on the fins of the water pipe panel and mechanically supporting the refractory tiles by the hooks (see Patent Document 1). According to this technique, a refractory joint material such as mortar serving as an adhesive is applied to the back surface of the rectangular refractory tile, the hook is hooked on a depression (hereinafter referred to as "recess") provided near the center of the back surface of the refractory tile, and the refractory tile is pressed toward the water pipe panel, so that the refractory tile is fixed on two adjacent boiler water pipes on both sides of the hook. By repeating this sequentially, a plurality of refractory tiles are installed on the upper surfaces of a plurality of boiler water pipes.

[0004] Here, the fire-resistant tile described in Patent Document 1 is a fire-resistant tile that protects two horizontally adjacent boiler water tubes with a single tile, and has a thin and uniform thickness to equalize heat conduction from the combustion furnace to the boiler water tubes. Because the cross-sectional shape when cut horizontally resembles a seagull with its wings spread, it is called a "seagull-type" fire-resistant tile. There are several types of "seagull-type" fire-resistant tiles, for example, the fire-resistant tile described in Patent Document 2 has a different structure from that of Patent Document 1. Conventionally, numerous spacers were formed on the back surface of such "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tiles in order to ensure that the fire-resistant joint material used as an adhesive on the back surface was of a predetermined thickness. For example, on the back surface of the "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile described in Patent Document 2, nine spacers are arranged in a line for each boiler water tube, meaning a total of 18 spacers are arranged on one fire-resistant tile. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Utility Model Registration No. 3176108 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6221186 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] However, in fire-resistant tiles with numerous spacers, cracks may occur starting from the spacers. Furthermore, when applying fire-resistant jointing material as an adhesive to the back surface of fire-resistant tiles, fewer spacers (protruding objects) make the application easier, and fewer spacers also strengthen the adhesion between the fire-resistant tiles and the water pipe panels. Therefore, it is conceivable to significantly reduce the number of spacers compared to conventional methods and place three spacers on the fire-resistant tile, which is the minimum number necessary to ensure stable contact between one "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile and the water pipe panel. However, the inventors' trials revealed that even when these three spacers were placed on a single "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile, cracks still occurred originating from the spacers, and the fire-resistant tile became loose, making installation on the water pipe panel difficult.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes that prevents cracking originating from the spacer, enables easy installation and strengthens adhesive strength, and facilitates installation on water tube panels by making stable contact with the boiler water tubes. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention relates to a "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes (hereinafter referred to as "fire-resistant tile") in which a semi-tubular first wing section with width W and height H, a central section, and a semi-tubular second wing section with width W and height H are sequentially connected in the width direction, and which is integrally molded into a rectangular shape with a total width L and total height H, and a recess for hooking a hook is formed near the center of the back surface of the central section. In particular, the fire-resistant tile of the present invention, when viewed from the back side of the first wing portion and the second wing portion, In one wing section, A single first spacer is provided, located at a position (3 / 4)W in the width direction from the center, on or near a virtual line extending in the height direction. In the other wing section, A second spacer is placed at a position (1 / 4)W in the width direction from the center, on or near a virtual line extending in the height direction, and only one such spacer is placed there. A single third spacer is placed at a position (3 / 4)W in the width direction from the center, on or near a virtual line extending in the height direction. The first spacer set has two spacers, or The second spacer set comprises two spacers, a second spacer and a third spacer, each positioned at a distance of at least (2 / 4)H from the center, on or near an imaginary line extending in the height direction, at a position (1 / 4)W in the width direction from the center. It is equipped with one of the following spacer sets. Furthermore, the area S of the virtual triangle formed when the midpoints of the three spacers, each placed on one wing and the other wing, are connected on the plane in the width and height directions is, {{(H / 2)×(LW)} / 2}≦S<{(L×H) / 2} These three spacers are positioned accordingly. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] The fire-resistant tile of the present invention is equipped with a total of three spacers: a first spacer on one of the two wing sections, and a second and third spacers on the other wing section. Therefore, compared to conventional fire-resistant tiles equipped with numerous spacers, this design allows for easier application of fire-resistant jointing material to the back of the fire-resistant tile and strengthens the adhesion of the fire-resistant tile to the water pipe panel. Furthermore, in the fire-resistant tile of the present invention, only the first spacer is placed on one wing portion, and the distance between the second spacer and the third spacer placed on the other wing portion is such that they are separated by a distance of approximately (2 / 4)W in the width direction, as in the first spacer set, or by a distance of at least (2 / 4)H, as in the second spacer set. Therefore, since each spacer is positioned far apart from the others, it is possible to prevent cracks from starting at the spacers. Furthermore, the fire-resistant tiles of the present invention are arranged such that the area S of the virtual triangle formed when the midpoints of the first spacer, the second spacer, and the third spacer are connected satisfies the following relationship. {{(H / 2)×(LW)} / 2}≦S<{(L×H) / 2} Therefore, when installing the refractory tile on the water pipe panel, the first spacer arranged on one wing part, the second spacer and the third spacer arranged on the other wing part can be arranged in a well-balanced manner so that the refractory tile can stably contact the boiler water pipe without rattling.

[0010] Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a "seagull type" refractory tile that can prevent cracks starting from the spacer, enable easy construction and enhanced adhesion, and stably contact the boiler water pipe to facilitate construction on the water pipe panel.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011] [Figure 1] The configuration example of the non-fitting type and seagull type refractory tile of the first embodiment is shown. (A) is a front view seen from the surface, (B) is a rear view seen from the back, (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A line on the X-axis of (B), and (D) is a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B line on the Y-axis of (B). [Figure 2] The configuration example of the fitting type and seagull type refractory tile of the second embodiment is shown. (A) is a front view seen from the surface, (B) is a rear view seen from the back, (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the A'-A' line on the X-axis of (B), and (D) is a cross-sectional view taken along the B'-B' line on the Y-axis of (B). [Figure 3] (A) is a cross-sectional view numbered in FIG. 1(C) and added with reference signs and dotted lines for explaining the thick part, and (B) is a cross-sectional view of a refractory tile without forming a thick part. [Figure 4] It is an arrangement example (pattern 1A) of each spacer provided with only 3 refractory tiles. [[ID=!23]] [Figure 5] It is an arrangement example (pattern 1B) of each spacer provided with only 3 refractory tiles.<I [Figure 6] It is an arrangement example (pattern 2A) of each spacer provided with only 3 refractory tiles. [Figure 7] It is an arrangement example (pattern 2B) of each spacer provided with only 3 refractory tiles. [Figure 8] It should be noted that there seems to be an error in the tag in line 23, which is " [Figure 5] " in the original but "<I " in the translation. Please check and correct it if necessary.This is an example of the arrangement of each spacer having only three refractory tiles (Pattern 3A). [Figure 9] This is an example of the arrangement of each spacer having only three refractory tiles (Pattern 3B).

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, using FIGS. 1 to 9, an oyster-shaped refractory tile, which is an embodiment and a modification of the present invention, will be described. FIG. 1 shows the structure of the refractory tile (non-fitting type) of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows the structure of the refractory tile (fitting type) of the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is used to explain the difference in the structure of the refractory tile with and without a thick part. Then, in FIGS. 4 to 9, using the refractory tile of the first embodiment, a plurality of examples of the arrangement of each spacer having only three refractory tiles are shown. Here, the example of the arrangement of each spacer is described using the refractory tile of the first embodiment, but since the arrangement of each spacer in the refractory tile of the second embodiment is the same, the repeated description is omitted. In the following description, first, the basic structures of two main types of refractory tiles, that is, the non-fitting type refractory tile of the first embodiment and the fitting type refractory tile of the second embodiment, which are two types of "oyster-shaped" refractory tiles, will be described. Next, after describing the thick parts that these two types of refractory tiles may have, examples of the arrangement of each of the three spacers that each of these refractory tiles has, that is, the first to third spacers, will be described.

[0013] For the sake of simplicity, the diagrams will use a Cartesian coordinate system with X, Y, and Z axes as appropriate. Here, the Y axis is vertical, and the X and Z axes are horizontal. The Y axis represents the vertical direction in which multiple refractory tiles are aligned on the water tube panel, i.e., the height direction. The arrow on the Y axis indicates the upward direction within the vertical direction. The X axis represents the horizontal direction in which multiple refractory tiles are aligned on the water tube panel, i.e., the width direction. The Z axis represents the direction perpendicular to the water tube panel, i.e., the thickness direction of the refractory tiles. The arrow on the Z axis indicates the direction from the boiler water tube towards the refractory tiles installed on its upper surface. Here, as an example, the Y-axis direction will be explained as being vertical, but any direction along the vertical axis may be inclined relative to the vertical. For example, in some parts of a combustion furnace, the furnace wall may be inclined from the vertical. In that case, you can understand the following explanation by considering a Cartesian coordinate system in which the X-axis remains horizontal, while the Y-axis and Z-axis are inclined. Furthermore, in this context, when fire-resistant tiles are installed on a water tube panel, the side facing the boiler water tubes is referred to as the "back side," and the side opposite the back side, i.e., the side facing the inside of the combustion furnace, is referred to as the "front side." The material of the refractory tiles may vary depending on the fuel and furnace temperature of the combustion furnace, but those with SiC as the main raw material component are preferable. Each embodiment and each variation is merely illustrative, and there is no intention to exclude various modifications or applications of techniques that are not explicitly stated. Except for the configurations essential to the present invention, each configuration of each embodiment and each variation can be selected, modified, or otherwise implemented as needed.

[0014] <Fire-resistant tile (non-interlocking type) of the first embodiment> First, let's explain the basic structure of fire-resistant tile 1, which is both "non-interlocking" and "seagull-shaped." The rectangular fire-resistant tile 1 has a single recess 4 formed on its back surface, in the center in the X-axis direction and slightly above the center in the Y-axis direction, and is a fire-resistant tile that covers two boiler water tubes. While a detailed explanation is omitted, when installing the fire-resistant tile 1 on the water tube panel, the recess 4 is used to hook L-shaped hooks that are regularly placed on the water tube panel. As shown in Figures 1(B) and 1(D), the recess 4 is formed in the central part 3. As shown in Figure 1(A), the rectangular fire-resistant tile 1, when viewed in the XY plane and on the surface, has a rectangular central part 3 located in the center in the X-axis direction, with a rectangular first wing portion 2A covering one boiler water tube on the right side in the width direction of the central part 3, and a rectangular second wing portion 2B covering one boiler water tube on the left side in the width direction of the central part 3. Since the fire-resistant tile 1 is a seagull-shaped fire-resistant tile, the two parts corresponding to the wings of a flying seagull are named the first wing portion 2A and the second wing portion 2B, respectively. The rectangular fire-resistant tile 1 is formed by integrally molding the central part 3, the first wing portion 2A, and the second wing portion 2B while they are connected. As shown in Figure 1(C), when viewed in the XZ plane, the first wing section 2A has a semi-tubular shape that curves along approximately half of the outer circumference of the boiler water tube, which has a circular cross-section. Similarly, when viewed in the XZ plane, the second wing section 2B has a semi-tubular shape that curves along approximately half of the outer circumference of the boiler water tube, which has a circular cross-section. The wall thickness of each of these semi-tubular wing sections 2A and 2B is substantially the same at all points and is thinner than the thickness of the central section 3. As shown in Figure 1(B), when viewed in the XY plane and on the back side, the first elliptical spacer 5A, which is long in the height direction, is integrally molded with the first wing portion 2A, and the second spacer 5B and third spacer 5C, which have similar shapes, are integrally molded with the second wing portion 2B. In other words, one fire-resistant tile 1 has a total of only three spacers.

[0015] In Figure 1(B), the three spacers 5A, 5B, and 5C all have the same dimensions, for example, the dimension in the X-axis direction is approximately 4 mm and the dimension in the Y-axis direction is approximately 20 mm. In addition, in order to keep the thickness of the fire-resistant joint material used as an adhesive to fix the fire-resistant tile 1 to the water pipe panel constant, the dimension protruding from the back surface of the first wing portion 2A or the second wing portion 2B is set to, for example, approximately 1.5 mm. However, depending on the design, the dimensions of each spacer 5A, 5B, and 5C may be different from each other. Also, each spacer 5A, 5B, and 5C has rounded edges so that there are no corners.

[0016] <Fire-resistant tile (interlocking type) of the second embodiment> Next, I will explain the basic structure of the "interlocking" and "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile 1'. The fire-resistant tile 1' of the second embodiment differs from the fire-resistant tile 1 of the first embodiment only in that it is a "fitting type" fire-resistant tile. Therefore, the same numbering is used for components identical to those of fire-resistant tile 1, and their explanations are omitted. As shown in Figure 2(A), when viewed in the XY plane and on the surface, the rectangular fire-resistant tile 1' has a first wing portion 2A on the right side in the width direction of the rectangular central portion 3' located in the center in the X-axis direction, and a second wing portion 2B on the left side in the width direction of the central portion 3'. The rectangular fire-resistant tile 1' is formed by integrally molding the central portion 3', the first wing portion 2A, and the second wing portion 2B while they are connected. As shown in Figure 2(B), when viewed in the XY plane and on the back side, the rectangular fire-resistant tile 1' has only one recess 4 formed in the center in the X-axis direction and slightly above the center in the Y-axis direction. As shown in Figures 2(B) and 2(D), the recess 4 is formed in the central part 3'. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(B), when viewed in the XY plane and on the back surface, the central portion 3' has a fitting projection 7 that protrudes rectangularly above the upper ends of the first wing portion 2A and the second wing portion 2B, and a fitting recess 8 that is recessed rectangularly above the lower ends of the first wing portion 2A and the second wing portion 2B, with dimensions that allow the fitting projection 7 to be fitted into it.

[0017] As described above, since the fire-resistant tile 1' is equipped with a fitting projection 7 and a fitting recess 8, multiple fire-resistant tiles 1' can be fitted together vertically and installed on the water pipe panel. Therefore, compared to installing a non-fitting type fire-resistant tile 1 on the water pipe panel, installing a fitting type fire-resistant tile 1' on the water pipe panel provides stronger resistance to shaking such as earthquakes, and more robustly prevents the fire-resistant tiles 1' from peeling off or falling.

[0018] In this description, a fire-resistant tile 1' has been described as having both a fitting projection 7 and a fitting recess 8. However, as a variation of fire-resistant tile 1', two types of fire-resistant tiles can be prepared: one identical to fire-resistant tile 1' except that it lacks the fitting projection 7 but has the fitting recess 8, and another identical to fire-resistant tile 1' except that it has the fitting projection 7 but lacks the fitting recess 8. These three types of fitting-type fire-resistant tiles (i.e., fire-resistant tile 1' of the second embodiment and two types of fire-resistant tiles that are variations of the second embodiment) can be installed on the water pipe panel by combining them vertically.

[0019] <Thickness portion that fire-resistant tiles of each embodiment and each modified example may have> In the fire-resistant tiles 1 and 1' of the respective embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, the central portion 3 is shown to have a thickened portion 6. However, these fire-resistant tiles do not necessarily need to have a thickened portion 6. Therefore, the thickness portion 6 that the fire-resistant tiles of each embodiment and each modified example may have will be briefly explained with reference to Figure 3. If the fire-resistant tiles of the first and second embodiments do not have a thickened portion 6, they shall be treated as a modified fire-resistant tile of the first embodiment or a modified fire-resistant tile of the second embodiment, respectively.

[0020] Figure 3(A) is a cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant tile 1 of the first embodiment, shown as a cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 1(C), with numbers, reference numerals, and dotted lines added to illustrate the thickened portion 6. Figure 3(B) is a cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant tile 1 with the thickened portion 6 removed, in other words, a modified example of the fire-resistant tile of the first embodiment, and is a fire-resistant tile 1A without the thickened portion 6. Figure 3(B) corresponds to Figure 3(A). In this explanation, we will use the fire-resistant tile 1 of the first embodiment shown in Figure 3, but the same applies to the fire-resistant tile 1' of the second embodiment. Therefore, we will omit the explanation of fire-resistant tile 1' using a diagram corresponding to Figure 3.

[0021] First, we will explain Figure 3(B), and then we will explain Figure 3(A). As shown in Figure 3(B), the fire-resistant tile 1A has a first wing portion 2A on the +X side of a rectangular central portion 3A located in the center in the X-axis direction when viewed in the XZ plane, and a second wing portion 2B on the -X side of the central portion 3. In this case, the surface of the central portion 3A corresponds to the surface shown as central portion 3 in Figure 1(A) of the fire-resistant tile 1. Also, the back surface of the central portion 3A corresponds to the back surface shown as central portion 3 in Figure 1(B) of the fire-resistant tile 1. In Figure 3(B), the roughly rectangular area between the two dotted lines parallel to the Z-axis is the central section 3A. The width W of the first wing section 2A is defined as the distance from the dotted line indicating the connection point between the central section 3A and the first wing section 2A, along the X-axis, to the outermost position of the first wing section 2A. The width W of the second wing section 2B is defined as the distance from the dotted line indicating the connection point between the central section 3A and the second wing section 2B, along the X-axis, to the outermost position of the second wing section 2B. The total width L of the fire-resistant tile is defined as the distance from the outermost position of the first wing section 2A to the outermost position of the second wing section 2B, along the X-axis. The total width L of the fire-resistant tile and the width W of each wing section are also used in Figures 4 to 9.

[0022] As shown in Figure 3(B), the thickness of the first wing section 2A and the second wing section 2B are substantially the same at all locations, except near the connection point with the central section 3A. Therefore, the thickness TA of the fire-resistant tile at the location where the first spacer 5A is formed in the first wing section 2A, the thickness TB of the fire-resistant tile at the location where the second spacer 5B is formed in the second wing section 2B, and the thickness TC of the fire-resistant tile at the location where the third spacer 5C is formed in the second wing section 2B are substantially the same. In other words, the relationship TA=TB=TC is substantially true.

[0023] Next, we will explain the fire-resistant tile 1 with the thickened section 6 using Figure 3(A). The thickened portion 6 has a shape that appears to have been built up so that it has a surface in the XY plane, while being in contact with the surfaces of the first wing portion 2A and the second wing portion 2B, extending in the +Z direction from the surface of the central portion 3A in Figure 3(B). In other words, in Figure 3(A), the portion in which the thickness increases in a widening manner as it extends in the +Z direction from the surface of the central portion 3A in Figure 3(B), specifically the inverted trapezoidal portion shown by the dashed line, is the thickened portion 6. At this time, the surface of the thickened portion 6, which is connected to the central portion 3A, will be shown as the central portion 3 in Figure 1(A). In other words, the central portion 3 is formed by the integral of the rectangular central portion 3A and the inverted trapezoidal thickened portion 6 when viewed in the XZ plane. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3(A), the thickness TB of the fire-resistant tile 1 at the location where the second spacer 5B is formed, near the connection between the central portion 3 and the second wing portion 2B, is greater than the thickness TA of the fire-resistant tile 1 at the location where the first spacer 5A is formed and the thickness TC of the fire-resistant tile 1 at the location where the third spacer 5C is formed, due to the increase in thickness caused by the thickened portion 6. In other words, the relationship TB > TA = TC is effectively met.

[0024] Furthermore, fire-resistant tiles with the thickened section 6 have increased mechanical strength and are less prone to cracking compared to those without the thickened section 6. However, fire-resistant tiles without the thickened section 6 are lighter in weight and allow for more uniform heat transfer to the boiler water tubes. Therefore, depending on the design specifications, fire-resistant tile 1 with a thickened portion 6 and fire-resistant tile 1A without a thickened portion 6 may be used interchangeably as appropriate.

[0025] <Examples of the arrangement of each spacer, which is provided by only three fire-resistant tiles in each embodiment and each modified example> Next, we will explain, using Figures 4 to 9, examples of the arrangement of each spacer provided by only three fire-resistant tiles in each embodiment and each modified example. First, the prerequisites for each diagram will be explained, followed by an explanation of the technical philosophy behind the placement of each spacer. Then, examples of spacer placement based on this technical philosophy will be explained sequentially. <Prerequisites> In Figures 4 to 9, for the sake of simplicity, the arrangement of each spacer is explained using the non-interlocking fire-resistant tile 1 shown in Figure 1. However, the arrangement of each spacer is applicable to any of the above-described embodiments or modified fire-resistant tiles. Figures 4 through 9 all show the back surface of fire-resistant tile 1 as viewed in the XY plane. The shape of the non-interlocking fire-resistant tile 1 is a rectangle with a total width L in the X-axis direction and a total height H in the Y-axis direction when viewed in the XY plane. For example, the total width L can be approximately 198 mm and the total height H can be approximately 194 mm. As described in the explanation section of Figure 3, the width W of the first wing section 2A is defined as the distance from the connection point between the central section 3 and the first wing section 2A to the outermost position of the first wing section 2A along the X-axis. Similarly, the width W of the second wing section 2B is defined as the distance from the connection point between the central section 3 and the second wing section 2B to the outermost position of the second wing section 2B along the X-axis. For example, the width W can be approximately 87 mm. The wall thickness of each wing section 2A and 2B is formed thinly as described above, and can be approximately 12 mm. In the case of interlocking fire-resistant tiles 1', the interlocking projection 7 is present, so the overall dimension in the Y-axis direction is larger than the total height H. However, when viewed in the XY plane, the configuration of the claim should be understood in terms of the rectangular portion with total width L × total height H. Furthermore, in this case, because the thickness of each wing portion 2A and 2B of the fire-resistant tile 1 is thin, the width W is defined as the dimension from the central portion 3 to the outer edge of each wing portion 2A and 2B. However, if the thickness of the fire-resistant tile is thick, the configuration of the claim may be understood as the dimension of the inner diameter of each semi-tubular wing portion.

[0026] Furthermore, in Figures 4 to 9, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, virtual lines are set as follows. The width W of the first wing section 2A is divided equally into four parts, and virtual lines L1 parallel to the Y axis are set at the (1 / 4)W position, L2 parallel to the Y axis at the (2 / 4)W position, and L3 parallel to the Y axis at the (3 / 4)W position, respectively, extending from the central section 3 toward the +X axis. Furthermore, the width W of the second wing section 2B is equally divided into four parts, and virtual lines L4 parallel to the Y axis are set at the (1 / 4)W position, virtual line L5 parallel to the Y axis at the (2 / 4)W position, and virtual line L6 parallel to the Y axis at the (3 / 4)W position, respectively, extending from the central section 3 toward the -X axis. Furthermore, the total height H of the fire-resistant tile 1 is divided equally into four parts, and virtual lines L7 parallel to the X axis are set at (1 / 4)H position, virtual line L8 parallel to the X axis at (2 / 4)H position, and virtual line L9 parallel to the X axis at (3 / 4)H position, respectively, from the lower ends of the first wing section 2A and the second wing section 2B toward the +X axis.

[0027] <Technical considerations for arranging each spacer> A single fire-resistant tile 1 is equipped with only three spacers in total: one on one wing section 2A and two on the other wing section 2B, i.e., a first spacer, a second spacer, and a third spacer. Furthermore, there are two types of spacer sets composed of a second spacer and a third spacer: a first spacer set in which the second and third spacers are arranged on or near imaginary lines parallel to different Y-axes, and a second spacer set in which the second and third spacers are arranged on or near the same imaginary line parallel to the Y-axis, separated by a distance of at least (2 / 4)H.

[0028] The inventors investigated several fire-resistant tiles with various arrangements of only three spacers and found that even when each semi-tubular wing section had substantially the same wall thickness as a whole, cracks sometimes occurred originating from the spacers near the apex of each semi-tubular wing section, i.e., on or near the lines of virtual lines L2 and L5. Therefore, no spacers are placed on or near the lines of virtual lines L2 and L5.

[0029] Furthermore, when the inventors examined multiple fire-resistant tiles with various arrangements of only three spacers, they found that when the thickness of each wing section was thin, approximately 12 mm, and multiple spacers were placed on or near the same imaginary line parallel to the Y-axis, cracks sometimes occurred originating from one of the spacers. However, when the thickness of each wing section was thicker, approximately 14 mm, no cracks occurred even with the same arrangement. Therefore, regarding the two spacers positioned on the other wing section, the first spacer set should be used if the thickness of each wing section is thin, and either the first or second spacer set should be used if the thickness is thick. For example, in the case of a fire-resistant tile 1 with a thickened section 6, near the connection point between the central section 3 and the wing sections 2A and 2B, the thickness of the thickened section 6 is added to the original thickness of the wing sections 2A and 2B, which corresponds to the case where the thickness is thick as described above. Therefore, a second spacer set may be used on or near the imaginary line L1 or L4. However, when the two spacers of the second spacer set were placed right next to each other, the fire-resistant tiles would become loose when being installed on the water pipe panel, making stable installation difficult. Therefore, a gap of at least (2 / 4)H should be left between the midpoints of the two spacers of the second spacer set, i.e., they should be spaced apart from each other.

[0030] Furthermore, when the inventors examined multiple fire-resistant tiles with various arrangements of only three spacers, they found that the larger the area S of the virtual triangle 9 formed by connecting the midpoints of the first, second, and third spacers on the XY plane was than a predetermined area, the more stably the fire-resistant tiles could be installed on the water pipe panel. Therefore, based on the technical concept described above, the first spacer, the second spacer, and the third spacer are arranged in a balanced manner so that the area S of the virtual triangle is larger than the predetermined area. However, since fire-resistant tile 1 is a rectangle with a total width L and total height H when viewed in the XY plane, the area S of the virtual triangle 9 formed by connecting the midpoints of each spacer cannot be at most {(L×H) / 2}, and is less than {(L×H) / 2}. Therefore, the relationship S < {(L×H) / 2} holds. On the other hand, according to the inventors, for example, a fire-resistant tile in which the first spacer is placed on the imaginary line L1 of the first wing portion 2A and the second spacer set is placed on the imaginary line L4 of the second wing portion 2B could not be stably installed on the water pipe panel. However, a fire-resistant tile in which the first spacer is placed on the imaginary line L3 of the first wing portion 2A and the second spacer set is placed on the imaginary line L4 of the second wing portion 2B could be stably installed on the water pipe panel if the distance between the midpoints of the second and third spacers was at least (2 / 4)H. Therefore, the area S in this case is considered the minimum area required from the viewpoint of stable installation. In this case, the area S of the imaginary triangle 9 connecting the midpoints of each spacer is {{(H / 2)×(LW)} / 2}. Therefore, the range of area S in which fire-resistant tiles with only three spacers can be stably installed on a water pipe panel is given by the following relationship. {{(H / 2)×(LW)} / 2}≦S<{(L×H) / 2}

[0031] <Example of spacer placement (Pattern 1)> Figures 4 and 5 show examples of the arrangement of the three spacers provided by the fire-resistant tile 1, illustrating Pattern 1. Figure 4 shows the arrangement of Pattern 1A, and Figure 5 shows the arrangement of Pattern 1B, which is a symmetrical arrangement of Pattern 1A. In the example of Pattern 1, the second spacer 5B and the third spacer 5C are part of the first spacer set. Now, let's use Figure 4 to explain the arrangement of Pattern 1A. In the arrangement of pattern 1A, the first spacer 5A is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L3 of the first wing section 2A and above the imaginary line L9, the second spacer 5B is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L4 of the second wing section 2B and below the imaginary line L7, and the third spacer 5C is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L6 of the second wing section 2B and above the imaginary line L9. This arrangement satisfies all of the above technical considerations. As a result, the fire-resistant tile 1 of pattern 1A prevents cracking originating from the spacer, enables easy installation and enhanced adhesion, and allows for stable contact with the boiler water tubes, facilitating installation onto the water tube panel. Next, the arrangement of pattern 1B will be explained using Figure 5. In the arrangement of pattern 1B, the first spacer 5A is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L6 of the second wing section 2B and above the imaginary line L9, the second spacer 5B is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L1 of the first wing section 2A and below the imaginary line L7, and the third spacer 5C is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L3 of the first wing section 2A and above the imaginary line L9. In other words, the arrangement of pattern 1B is a left-right symmetrical arrangement of pattern 1A. Therefore, fire-resistant tile 1 of pattern 1B has the same effect as fire-resistant tile 1 of pattern 1A.

[0032] <Example of spacer placement (Pattern 2)> Figures 6 and 7 show examples of the arrangement of the three spacers provided by the fire-resistant tile 1, illustrating pattern 2. Figure 6 shows the arrangement of pattern 2A, and Figure 7 shows the arrangement of pattern 2B, which is a symmetrical arrangement of pattern 2A. In the example of pattern 2, the second spacer 5B and the third spacer 5C are part of the first spacer set. Now, let's explain the arrangement of pattern 2A using Figure 6. In the arrangement of pattern 2A, the first spacer 5A is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L3 of the first wing section 2A and below the imaginary line L7, the second spacer 5B is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L4 of the second wing section 2B and above the imaginary line L9, and the third spacer 5C is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L6 of the second wing section 2B and below the imaginary line L7. Since this arrangement satisfies all of the technical considerations described above, fire-resistant tile 1 in pattern 2A can achieve the same effect as fire-resistant tile 1 in pattern 1. Next, the arrangement of pattern 2B will be explained using Figure 7. In the arrangement of pattern 2B, the first spacer 5A is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L6 of the second wing section 2B and below the imaginary line L7, the second spacer 5B is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L1 of the first wing section 2A and above the imaginary line L9, and the third spacer 5C is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L3 of the first wing section 2A and below the imaginary line L7. In other words, the arrangement of pattern 2B is a left-right symmetrical arrangement of pattern 2A. Therefore, fire-resistant tile 1 in pattern 2B has the same effect as fire-resistant tile 1 in pattern 2A.

[0033] <Example of spacer placement (Pattern 3)> Figures 8 and 9 show an example of the arrangement of the three spacers provided by the fire-resistant tile 1, specifically the arrangement of pattern 3. In the arrangement example of pattern 3, the second spacer 5B and the third spacer 5D are an example of the arrangement of the second spacer set. Therefore, it is desirable that the fire-resistant tile of pattern 3 has a thickened portion 6. The third spacer 5D has the same shape as the third spacer 5C in patterns 1 and 2. Figure 8 shows the arrangement of pattern 3A, and Figure 9 shows the arrangement of pattern 3B, which is a symmetrical arrangement of pattern 3A. Now, let's use Figure 8 to explain the arrangement of pattern 3A. In the arrangement of pattern 3A, the first spacer 5A is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L3 and the line of the imaginary line L8 of the first wing section 2A, the second spacer 5B is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L4 of the second wing section 2B and below the imaginary line L7, and the third spacer 5D is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L4 of the second wing section 2B and above the imaginary line L9. Since this arrangement satisfies all of the technical concepts described above, the fire-resistant tile 1 in pattern 3A can achieve the same effect as the fire-resistant tile 1 in patterns 1 and 2. Next, the arrangement of pattern 3B will be explained using Figure 9. In the arrangement of pattern 3B, the first spacer 5A is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L6 and the line of the imaginary line L8 of the second wing section 2B, the second spacer 5B is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L1 of the first wing section 2A and below the imaginary line L7, and the third spacer 5D is positioned on the line of the imaginary line L1 of the first wing section 2A and above the imaginary line L9. In other words, the arrangement of pattern 3B is a left-right symmetrical arrangement of pattern 3A. Therefore, fire-resistant tile 1 in pattern 3B has the same effect as fire-resistant tile 1 in pattern 3A.

[0034] The embodiments and modified examples of the "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile of the present invention have been described above. Patterns 1, 2, and 3 show three examples of spacer arrangements that can be applied to the "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile of the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these arrangements and can be applied to any "seagull-shaped" fire-resistant tile as long as the three spacers are arranged to satisfy the claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0035] 1, 1', 1A Seagull-shaped fire-resistant tiles 2A First Wing Section 2B Second Wing Section 3, 3′, 3A center 4 recesses 5A First Spacer 5B Second Spacer 5C Third Spacer 5D Third Spacer 6 Thick part 7. Fitting protrusion 8. Fitting recess 9 Virtual Triangle H Total height L Full width L1 to L9 virtual lines W width of one wing Thickness of fire-resistant tile at the position of the first spacer (TA) Thickness of the fire-resistant tile at the position of the second spacer in TB Thickness of fire-resistant tile at the position of the third spacer (TC)

Claims

1. In a seagull-shaped fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes, a first semi-tubular wing section with width W and height H, a central section, and a second semi-tubular wing section with width W and height H are sequentially connected in the width direction, and the tile is integrally molded into a rectangular shape with a total width L and total height H, and a recess for hooking a hook is formed near the center of the back surface of the central section, Of the first wing portion and the second wing portion, when viewed from the back side, In one wing section, The system includes a first spacer, of which only one is located at a position (3 / 4)W in the width direction from the central part, on a virtual line extending in the height direction, or in the vicinity of the virtual line, In the other wing section, A second spacer is placed at a position (1 / 4)W in the width direction from the central part, on or near a virtual line extending in the height direction, and only one such spacer is positioned therein. A single third spacer is placed at a position (3 / 4)W in the width direction from the central part, on or near a virtual line extending in the height direction. The first spacer set has two spacers, or The second spacer set comprises two spacers, a second spacer and a third spacer, each positioned at a distance of at least (2 / 4)H from the central part, on or near a virtual line extending in the height direction, at a position (1 / 4)W in the width direction from the central part. Equipped with either one of the spacer sets, The area S of the virtual triangle formed when the midpoints of the three spacers, each positioned on one wing and the other wing, are connected on a plane in the width and height directions is, {{(H / 2)×(L-W)} / 2}≦S<{(L×H) / 2} This is a fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes.

2. In the fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes, the first spacer assembly is provided on the other wing portion, The first spacer is positioned at a height of (3 / 4) H, or greater, upward from the lower end of one of the wings. The second spacer is positioned at a height of (1 / 4) H, or less, upward from the lower end of the other wing portion. The fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes according to claim 1, wherein the third spacer is positioned in the height direction upward from the lower end of the other wing portion at a height of (3 / 4) H or greater.

3. In the fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes, the first spacer assembly is provided on the other wing portion, The first spacer is positioned at a height of (1 / 4) H, or less, upward from the lower end of one of the wings. The second spacer is positioned at a height of (3 / 4) H, or greater, upward from the lower end of the other wing portion. The fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes according to claim 1, wherein the third spacer is positioned at a height of (1 / 4) H upward from the lower end of the other wing portion, or at a height of less than or equal to that.

4. In the fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes, the other wing portion is equipped with the second spacer assembly, The aforementioned central portion has a cross-sectional shape in which the thickness increases in a widening manner from the back surface towards the front surface. The first spacer is positioned at a height of (2 / 4)H from the lower end of one of the wings, or in its vicinity, in the upward direction. The second spacer is positioned at a height of (1 / 4) H, or less, upward from the lower end of the other wing portion. The fire-resistant tile for protecting boiler water tubes according to claim 1, wherein the third spacer is positioned at a height of (3 / 4)H or greater, upward from the lower end of the other wing portion.

5. Above the aforementioned central portion, a fitting projection is further integrally formed, protruding from its upper end. Below the central portion, a fitting recess into which the fitting projection can be fitted is further integrally formed. A boiler water tube protection refractory tile according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when two of the boiler water tube protection refractory tiles are arranged vertically, the fitting projection of the lower boiler water tube protection refractory tile fits into the fitting recess of the upper boiler water tube protection refractory tile.

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